Bone tunnel positioning, drilling and threading integrated device

Abstract

The invention relates to a bone tunnel positioning, drilling and threading integrated device, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The device comprises a body, a positioning hook, a drill bit assembly and a threading wire, the positioning hook is detachably installed at the far end of the body and connected with the threading wire, the threading wire extends to a near-end locking mechanism along a wire groove of the body, a magnetic attraction matching structure is arranged between the drill bit head and the positioning hook, and the drill bit head is provided with a containing cavity. The positioning hook is allowed to freely rotate relative to the drill bit in an adsorption state, the locking mechanism is released after drilling is completed, and when the drill bit retreats, the positioning hook and the threading wire are driven by magnetic force to synchronously penetrate through the bone tunnel. The threading problem caused by soft tissue collapse is thoroughly solved through a magnetic attraction synchronous threading mechanism; the wire duct and the locking mechanism ensure the safety and convenience of wire management; the self-rotation design of the containing cavity effectively prevents the lead from being broken, and the operation efficiency and the success rate are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated device for use in orthopedic surgeries (such as ligament reconstruction, suture anchor implantation, etc.) that can simultaneously achieve bone tunnel positioning, drilling, and wire threading. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of clinical orthopedic surgical techniques, arthroscopic surgeries such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and rotator cuff repair require drilling precise bone tunnels in the bone to implant grafts or sutures. Currently, an arched bone tunnel locator is commonly used in clinical practice to assist in this process.

[0003] Existing bone tunnel locators (such as Chinese patent CN217014141U) typically include an arched body, a positioning cylinder, and a positioning hook. During surgery, the positioning hook is first used to determine the exit of the bone tunnel, and then the drill bit is guided to drill into the bone along the positioning axis to create a tunnel.

[0004] However, in actual clinical applications, existing tunnel locators have the following significant drawbacks: 1) After the bone tunnel is formed, the drill bit must be withdrawn, and a metal wire guide must be manually inserted into the tunnel to guide the graft or suture, making the threading process cumbersome. Moreover, since the bone tunnel exit is often covered by soft tissues such as muscle, synovium, or fat, the soft tissue is prone to collapse and block the exit after the drill bit is withdrawn, causing the subsequently inserted metal wire to be obstructed at the exit, or even bend, break, or accidentally enter the interstitial space, resulting in threading failure. 2) The threading process is a blind operation. Repeated attempts not only prolong the operation time but may also cause unnecessary physical damage to the soft tissues surrounding the bone tunnel, increasing the risk of injury.

[0005] It should be noted that in this application, the proximal end refers to the end that is closer to the operator during use, while the distal end is the end that is farther away from the operator and closer to the patient's lesion. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of existing devices, such as difficulty in threading wires after drilling, susceptibility to soft tissue interference, and lack of management of wires during drilling.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is: an integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing, comprising: The main body is equipped with a positioning axis; A positioning hook is detachably mounted to the distal end of the body; The drill bit assembly is reciprocating relative to the body along the positioning axis, and the end of the drill bit assembly near the positioning hook has a magnetic attraction relationship with the positioning hook. A lead wire is threaded through it, with one end connected to the positioning hook and the other end extending along the body towards the proximal end; A locking mechanism, provided on the body, is used to selectively lock or release the lead wire; When the drill bit assembly and the positioning hook are magnetically attracted and the locking mechanism is in the released state, the positioning hook is adapted to disengage from the body when the drill bit assembly retracts, and drive the guide wire through the bone tunnel.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1) This invention simplifies the traditional multiple surgical steps into a continuous single operation process by establishing a magnetic attraction relationship between the positioning hook and the drill assembly. When the drill completes the drilling task, it immediately captures the positioning hook through magnetic force, realizing zero-delay threading of the guide after the bone tunnel is generated, and achieving a high degree of integration of positioning, drilling and threading operations.

[0009] 2) This invention utilizes the natural path of the drill bit retraction to drive the positioning hook through the bone tunnel. At this time, the drill bit has not completely left the tunnel, which can play the role of expanding the hole and blocking the surrounding soft tissue. This synchronous lead wire mechanism avoids the problems of wire bending, breaking or threading failure caused by soft tissue, muscle or synovium collapse blocking the tunnel exit.

[0010] 3) Because the positioning hook and the drill bit have a magnetic attraction and fixation effect, and the adsorption force is greater than the disengagement resistance of the plug structure, the stability of the lead wire during the retraction process is ensured. When in use, with the selective locking or releasing of the locking mechanism, the doctor can switch from locking to releasing the lead wire with one hand, which reduces the complicated operation on the operating table, significantly shortens the operation time, and greatly improves the efficiency of operation and the success rate of threading. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of the connection structure between the positioning hook and the far end of the body.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the positioning hook.

[0016] Reference numerals: 10, body; 11, positioning hook; 12, positioning guide; 13, locking mechanism; 14, groove; 20, drill rod; 21, drill bit; 23, accommodating cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This embodiment illustrates an integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following parts: 1) Body 10, with a positioning guide 12 on the body 10, the central axis of the positioning guide 12 serving as the positioning axis. In this embodiment, the shape of the body 10 is not limited; an arc-shaped body 10 can be used for easy gripping and use, or a handle for convenient operation can be provided on the body 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, an adjustable body 10 is used, which is divided into two parts. One part serves as the main body and is provided with a sliding groove. The other part is inserted into the sliding groove to adjust the shape of the body 10. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0018] 2) The positioning hook 11 is detachably installed at the far end of the body 10, and the central axis of the positioning hook 11 is preferably coincident with the positioning axis.

[0019] 3) A drill bit assembly, including a drill rod 20 and a drill bit 21, is reciprocating relative to the body 10 along the positioning axis. The end of the drill bit assembly near the positioning hook 11 (i.e., the drill bit 21 portion) has a magnetic attraction relationship with the positioning hook 11. In implementation, one of the following two schemes can be adopted: the head of the drill bit 21 is made of a magnetically conductive material, and the positioning hook 11 has a built-in permanent magnet; or, the head of the drill bit 21 has a built-in permanent magnet, and the positioning hook 11 is made of a magnetically conductive material.

[0020] 4) A guide wire (not shown in the figure) is threaded through the body 10. One end of the guide wire is connected to the positioning hook 11, and the other end extends proximally along the body 10. In practice, preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 4 As shown, the positioning hook 11 is installed at the distal end of the body 10 via a plug-in structure. The plug-in structure includes an open slide groove (not shown in the figure) located at the distal end of the positioning body 10, and an adapter slider located on the positioning hook 11. Figure 4 The straight middle portion of the positioning hook 11 serves as an adapter slider; the opening of the open-type groove faces the positioning hook 11. Preferably, the body 10 is provided with an embedded guide groove 14 for accommodating the lead wire. The groove 14 isolates the lead wire from the high-speed rotating drill rod 20 to prevent the wire from getting tangled. The groove opening of the groove 14 is preferably provided with a limiting part to prevent the lead wire from coming out. In this embodiment, by providing a guide groove 14 extending along its path on the body 10, the lead wire is confined within a preset track, effectively preventing the lead wire from getting caught in the high-speed rotating drill rod 20 during drilling and protecting the integrity of the lead wire.

[0021] 5) A locking mechanism 13, disposed on the body 10, is used to selectively lock or release the guide wire, allowing the operator to tension the guide wire during drilling and quickly release it with one hand during threading. The locking mechanism 13 can be a spring-loaded mechanism or a threaded knob mechanism disposed near the end of the body 10. The locking mechanism 13 normally locks the guide wire. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the locking mechanism 13 includes a winding portion disposed on the proximal dorsal side of the body 10. The winding portion includes at least one winding post protruding from the surface of the body 10, and a clamping groove formed on the side of the winding post or on the body 10. The threaded wire is locked by winding at least one turn around the winding post and embedding it into the clamping groove. The locking mechanism 13 not only ensures that the threaded wire is in a taut state during the drilling stage and does not interfere with the surgical field, but also provides rapid physical release during the threading stage, ensuring a smooth thread movement trajectory and controllable resistance.

[0022] In this embodiment, during use, when the drill assembly and the positioning hook 11 are magnetically engaged and the locking mechanism 13 is in the released state, the positioning hook 11 is adapted to disengage from the body 10 when the drill assembly retracts (preferably, the axial tensile force generated by the magnetic engagement is greater than the disengagement resistance of the insertion structure), and drive the suture through the bone tunnel, avoiding soft tissue interference and ensuring a high success rate of suture threading. Thus, during surgery, the positioning hook 11 is first used to position and lock the suture. The drill 21 moves along its axis to create a tunnel. When the drill 21 penetrates the bone wall and magnetically engages with the positioning hook 11, the operator releases the locking mechanism 13. As the drill 21 retracts, the positioning hook 11 disengages from the body 10 and drives the suture through the bone tunnel along the clearing path created by the drill 21.

[0023] As an improvement to this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the drill bit assembly includes a drill bit 21 and a drill rod 20 for driving the drill bit 21 to rotate. The head of the drill bit 21 is provided with a receiving cavity 23. A portion of the positioning hook 11 is adapted to enter the receiving cavity 23 and be magnetically fixed to the drill bit 21. Furthermore, when the positioning hook 11 is attracted to the receiving cavity 23, the positioning hook 11 can rotate freely relative to the drill bit 21 around the positioning axis, effectively buffering the torque caused by the rotation of the drill bit 21 and preventing the drill bit 21 from twisting and breaking the lead wire due to inertial rotation.

[0024] As another improvement of this embodiment, the drill bit assembly is also provided with a limiting structure (not shown in the figure) to limit the movement of the drill bit assembly to the distal end along the positioning axis. The most plug-in structure adopts an open groove design to ensure that the positioning hook 11 is disengaged only when subjected to a specific axial tension, and remains stable during conventional drilling positioning, thus taking into account the clinical needs for stability and flexibility.

[0025] This invention uses a magnetic structure to directly couple the positioning hook 11 and the drill bit 21 inside the bone tunnel. The kinetic energy of the drill bit 21 retracting synchronously drives the positioning hook 11 and the threading suture through the tunnel. This combines the traditional four independent steps of "positioning, drilling, retraction, and threading" into a continuous process of "positioning, drilling, retraction, and synchronous threading." According to the applicant's experiments, the operation time can be shortened by 10-15 minutes. Furthermore, because the positioning hook 11 is magnetically fixed to the drill bit 21 before it is withdrawn from the bone tunnel, and the suture is withdrawn along with the drill bit 21, the drill bit 21 acts as a reamer, ensuring that the suture remains within the open bone tunnel path. This completely avoids interference from soft tissue collapse during the threading process, significantly improving the success rate of suture passage and effectively solving the threading problem caused by soft tissue blockage.

[0026] The usage process of the integrated bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire-passing device in this embodiment is as follows: 1) The operator attaches one end of the lead wire to the positioning hook 11, with the wire embedded in the wire groove 14 of the body 10, and pulls and locks the other end on the locking mechanism 13 at the body 10. At this time, the positioning hook 11 is firmly locked in the open slide groove at the end of the body 10.

[0027] 2) Position the positioning hook 11 at the predetermined bone tunnel exit, and advance the drill bit 21 along the positioning axis to drill through the bone.

[0028] 3) When the drill bit 21 penetrates the bone wall and touches (or approaches) the positioning hook 11, the two are tightly attracted together by the built-in magnetic attraction structure.

[0029] 4) The operator releases the locking mechanism 13 at the handle. The drill bit 21 is pulled back. Because the magnetic attraction is greater than the friction between the positioning hook 11 and the slide groove of the body 10, the positioning hook 11 disengages from the body 10.

[0030] 5) As the drill bit 21 completely exits the bone tunnel, the positioning hook 11 and the guide suture connected to it are brought out of the bone tunnel entrance together. At this time, the guide suture has successfully penetrated the bone tunnel, and can be used to pull ligaments or sutures later.

Claims

1. A bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire-passing integrated device, characterized in that, include: The main body is equipped with a positioning axis; A positioning hook is detachably mounted to the distal end of the body; The drill bit assembly is reciprocating relative to the body along the positioning axis, and the end of the drill bit assembly near the positioning hook has a magnetic attraction relationship with the positioning hook. A lead wire is threaded through it, with one end connected to the positioning hook and the other end extending along the body towards the proximal end; A locking mechanism, provided on the body, is used to selectively lock or release the lead wire; When the drill bit assembly and the positioning hook are magnetically attracted and the locking mechanism is in the released state, the positioning hook is adapted to disengage from the body when the drill bit assembly retracts, and drive the guide wire through the bone tunnel.

2. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning hook is installed at the far end of the body through a plug-in structure, and the axial tensile force generated by the magnetic attraction is greater than the disengagement resistance of the plug-in structure.

3. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in structure includes an open slide groove located at the far end of the locator body and an adapter slider located on the positioning hook; the opening of the open slide groove faces the positioning hook.

4. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit and a drill rod for driving the drill bit to rotate. The head of the drill bit is provided with a receiving cavity, and a portion of the positioning hook is adapted to enter the receiving cavity and be magnetically fixed to the drill bit.

5. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the positioning hook is attracted into the accommodating cavity, the positioning hook can rotate freely relative to the drill bit around the positioning axis.

6. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The head of the drill bit assembly is made of a magnetically conductive material, and the positioning hook has a built-in permanent magnet; or, the head of the drill bit assembly has a built-in permanent magnet, and the positioning hook is made of a magnetically conductive material.

7. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The main body is provided with an embedded wire groove extending along its path, the lead wire is accommodated in the wire groove, and the groove opening is provided with a limiting part to prevent the lead wire from coming out.

8. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The locking mechanism is a spring-loaded clamping mechanism or a threaded knob mechanism located near the end of the main body, which locks the lead wire under normal conditions.

9. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a winding portion disposed on the back side of the near end of the body. The winding portion includes at least one winding post protruding from the surface of the body, and a clamping groove opened on the side of the winding post or on the body. The lead wire (31) is locked by winding at least one turn on the winding post and embedding it in the clamping groove.

10. The integrated device for bone tunnel positioning drilling and wire passing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The drill bit assembly is also provided with a limiting structure to limit the maximum stroke of the drill bit assembly moving to the distal end along the positioning axis.

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