Suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure, which comprises a reaction kettle, a gas-liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction kettle in a penetrating manner, and a gas-liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the reaction kettle in a penetrating manner. Flow field modes can be flexibly switched according to working conditions, the flow guide plate is adjusted to be in a vertical retracting state when conventional high gas velocity or raw material properties are stable, the flow guide structure does not hinder gas-liquid flow, at the moment, a flow channel is smooth, pressure drop loss is small, gas-liquid two-phase natural diffusion and mixing are achieved, and the device is suitable for standard operation working conditions; the flow guide plate is adjusted to be in a flow guide state, so that the flow guide plate is attached to the baffle, intercepts edge single-side jet flow, deflects to a central area and secondarily collides with adjacent nozzle fluid, the radial difference of center overmixing and edge undermixing is effectively eliminated, total-cross-section gas-liquid uniform distribution is realized, local coking is inhibited, and the service life of a catalyst is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reactor technology, and in particular to a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure. Background Technology

[0002] A suspended bed reactor is a core piece of equipment used in heavy oil hydrocracking processes. It is primarily used to process low-quality heavy oil and residual oil with high sulfur, high metal, and high carbon residue. The equipment mainly consists of a reactor shell, a gas-liquid distribution plate, multiple obliquely oriented spray nozzles, a gas-liquid outlet, and a cooling structure. During operation, preheated heavy oil feedstock and high-pressure hydrogen enter from the bottom of the reactor. After being guided by the gas-liquid distribution plate, the mixture is sprayed obliquely upwards through multiple circumferentially arranged nozzles, forming a three-phase gas-liquid-solid mixture. Catalyst particles are suspended and flow upwards under the influence of the fluid, completing the hydrocracking reaction under high temperature and high pressure. The resulting gas-liquid mixture is discharged from the top and separated by a separation system to obtain light oil products. This equipment adopts a hollow cylindrical structure, with the catalyst flowing with the fluid and no fixed bed, effectively avoiding blockage problems caused by coking or metal deposition. It features strong feedstock adaptability, high conversion rate, and flexible operation, and is widely used in petroleum refining and coal chemical industries.

[0003] Existing technologies mostly adopt a bottom-mounted multi-nozzle oblique injection design. After the gas-liquid mixture is ejected from the nozzle, the jets converge in the central region of the reactor to form a strong mixing zone. However, the edge region near the inner wall can only rely on the natural diffusion of the jet on one side, making it difficult to fully mix with the fluid in other regions. This results in an inherent defect of over-mixing in the center and under-mixing at the edges in the radial direction. Since the inner wall of the reactor lacks an adjustable flow guiding structure, it is impossible to actively intervene and redistribute the radial flow field. This uneven distribution causes significant differences in reaction depth within the reactor cross-section, easy coking in local areas due to insufficient hydrogen supply, and uneven catalyst wear, which seriously restricts the long-term stable operation of the unit and the adaptability of raw materials.

[0004] Therefore, a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure, comprising a reaction vessel, a gas-liquid inlet pipe fixedly connected through the bottom of the reaction vessel, a gas-liquid outlet pipe fixedly connected through the top of the reaction vessel, a gas-liquid distribution plate fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the reaction vessel, four Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers fixedly connected through the gas-liquid distribution plate at equal intervals, a multi-stage temperature control system for circulating and transferring reaction heat of phase change working fluid, leveling the axial temperature gradient, and selectively enhancing radial cooling is provided inside the reaction vessel, a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the center position of the top of the gas-liquid distribution plate, four rectangular grooves are opened through the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, rectangular frames are slidably connected laterally to the inner sides of the four rectangular grooves, round shafts are rotatably connected through both sides of the rectangular frames, guide plates are fixedly connected to the side walls of the round shafts, and an adjustment mechanism is provided inside the fixed cylinder for driving the rectangular frames to extend and adjusting the angle of the guide plates.

[0007] In the above technical solution, four baffles are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the top of the gas-liquid distribution plate. The four baffles are all located next to the two Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers. The baffles are located below the multi-stage temperature control system, and the guide plate is vertically arranged.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the adjustment mechanism further includes an adjustment motor, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed cylinder. A rectangular cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the rectangular groove. A disc is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed cylinder. The output end of the adjustment motor passes through the top of the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc. Four top slots are opened at the top of the fixed cylinder. A top rod inserted into the top slot is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame. An arc-shaped groove is opened through the top of the disc. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame relative to the circular shaft. A branch rope is wound around the outer wall of the circular shaft. A main rope is fixedly connected to one end of each branch rope. The main rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular cylinder.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the arc-shaped groove extends radially and is curved. The inner end of the arc-shaped groove is close to the center of the disk, and the outer end of the arc-shaped groove is far from the center of the disk. The top end of the top rod is inserted into the inner side of the arc-shaped groove. The main rope is made of elastic rope material, and the other end of the branch rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the round shaft.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the circular shaft is further provided with a three-quarters annular groove on the side closest to each other, the side wall of the fixed block is provided with a pair of upper grooves and a pair of lower grooves, the inner side of the lower groove is slidably connected with an L-shaped lower rod, the side end of the lower rod is inserted into the inner side of the annular groove, and the top of the rectangular frame is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic cylinder.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further, an L-shaped upper rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the upper groove, and a round rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper rod and the lower rod. An adjustment plate is provided on the side wall of the fixed block. An inclined surface is opened on both sides of the adjustment plate, and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the adjustment plate are symmetrically arranged. The adjustment plate is located between the upper groove and the lower groove. The output end of the electric telescopic cylinder passes through the inner side of the rectangular frame and is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment plate.

[0012] In the above technical solution, an upper spring is fixedly connected between the inner side of the upper groove and the side wall of the upper rod, and a lower spring is fixedly connected between the inner side of the lower groove and the side wall of the lower rod.

[0013] In the above technical solution, a spiral spring is further provided between the circular shafts, the central end of the spiral spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft, and the outer side of the spiral spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through an adjustable flow guiding mechanism installed inside the reactor, can flexibly switch the flow field mode according to the working conditions. Under normal high gas velocity or stable raw material properties, the guide plate can be adjusted to a vertically retracted state so that the flow guiding structure does not obstruct the gas-liquid flow. At this time, the flow channel is unobstructed, the pressure drop loss is small, and the gas and liquid phases naturally diffuse and mix, which is suitable for standard operating conditions. When processing low gas velocity and high viscosity heavy oil, the flow guiding state is adjusted so that the guide plate is attached to the baffle, intercepting the single-sided jet at the edge and deflecting it towards the central area, where it collides secondary with the fluid of the adjacent nozzle. This effectively eliminates the radial difference between over-mixing in the center and under-mixing at the edge, achieves uniform gas-liquid distribution across the entire cross section, suppresses local coking, and extends the service life of the catalyst.

[0015] 2. The adjustment structure of the present invention can be adjusted in both directions. It can guide the gas and liquid at the edge to mix with the adjacent jets in a centripetal swing to eliminate dead zones on the wall. It can also adjust the guide plate to rotate 45 degrees to gather and guide the fluid dispersed around the periphery to the central area, so that each fluid flows into the middle of the reactor in a tangential manner, forming a gentle swirling mixing zone rather than a violent axial collision zone, effectively reducing the catalyst breakage rate. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow is used to transfer the heat and hydrogen in the central area to the periphery, balancing the temperature distribution across the entire cross section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the suspended bed reactor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the front of the reaction vessel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top-view, full-section, three-dimensional structural diagram of the reaction vessel of the present invention; Figure 4This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the front of the fixing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional side view of the fixing block and the spiral spring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partially separated three-dimensional structure of the fixed cylinder, rectangular frame, and disc of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed frame and adjusting motor of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the baffle and guide plate after adjustment according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the baffle and guide plate after adjustment according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the circular shaft, fixing block, and electric telescopic cylinder of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide plate, circular shaft, and branching rope of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the fixing block of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Reactor; 2. Gas-liquid inlet pipe; 3. Gas-liquid outlet pipe; 4. Gas-liquid distribution plate; 5. Venturi annular gas-liquid diffuser; 6. Multi-stage temperature control system; 7. Fixed cylinder; 8. Rectangular frame; 9. Circular shaft; 10. Guide plate; 11. Baffle; 12. Adjusting motor; 13. Rectangular cylinder; 14. Circular disc; 15. Top groove; 16. Top rod; 17. Arc groove; 18. Fixed block; 19. Dividing rope; 20. Main rope; 21. Circular groove; 22. Upper groove; 23. Lower groove; 24. Upper rod; 25. Lower rod; 26. Circular rod; 27. Adjusting plate; 28. Inclined surface; 29. ​​Electric telescopic cylinder; 30. Upper spring; 31. Lower spring; 32. Spiral spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] In practical use, it was found that existing technologies mostly adopt a bottom multi-nozzle oblique injection design. After the gas-liquid mixture is ejected from the nozzle, the jets converge in the central area of ​​the reactor to form a strong mixing zone. However, the edge area near the inner wall can only rely on the natural diffusion of the jet on one side, making it difficult to fully mix with the fluid in other areas. This results in an inherent defect of over-mixing in the center and under-mixing at the edges in the radial direction. Since the inner wall of the reactor lacks an adjustable flow guiding structure, it is impossible to actively intervene and redistribute the radial flow field. This uneven distribution causes significant differences in reaction depth within the reactor cross-section, easy coking in local areas due to insufficient hydrogen supply, and uneven catalyst wear, which seriously restricts the long-term stable operation of the device and the adaptability of raw materials. To solve the above problems, the following structure was invented.

[0021] like Figures 1-12 The suspended bed reactor shown includes a reactor 1, a gas-liquid inlet pipe 2 that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reactor 1, a gas-liquid outlet pipe 3 that is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor 1, a gas-liquid distribution plate 4 that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the reactor 1, and four Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers 5 that are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the gas-liquid distribution plate 4. After heavy oil and hydrogen enter the pre-distribution chamber of the reactor 1 through the gas-liquid inlet pipe 2, they are initially separated under the action of gravity to form a gas phase space and a liquid phase space. The gas and liquid enter the Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers 5 through independent channels. The liquid phase rises from the inner liquid conduit and is ejected at high speed through the liquid phase flow annular nozzle, while the gas phase is ejected at low speed from the top of the outer gas conduit through the gas phase flow annular nozzle. The high-speed liquid phase flow actively shears and breaks up the low-speed gas phase flow, dispersing large bubbles into a uniform micro bubble group, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the dissolution rate and mass transfer efficiency of hydrogen into heavy oil. The reactor 1 is equipped with a multi-stage temperature control system 6 for circulating and transferring reaction heat of phase change working fluid, smoothing out axial temperature gradient, and selectively enhancing radial cooling. The multi-stage temperature control system 6 achieves the removal of reaction heat and homogenization of bed temperature through internal and external synergy. The thermosiphon assembly utilizes the rapid phase change cycle of the internal phase change working fluid, which absorbs reaction heat and boils in the evaporation section and releases heat and condenses in the condensation section, to directly transfer the heat concentrated in the lower reaction zone to the upper space, effectively smoothing out the axial temperature distribution and suppressing local overheating. The heat-conducting ring can be selectively thermally connected to the external cooling structure or non-thermally isolated according to process requirements, giving priority to enhancing radial cooling or axial temperature homogenization, respectively. The heat-conducting rod transmits the temperature signal of the condensation section of the thermosiphon assembly to the bimetallic composite circular plate, upgrading temperature regulation from local response to local and overall synergy. When the overall reaction heat release is enhanced, the gas-liquid distribution is adjusted in advance, and the formation of a large-scale temperature gradient is prevented by enhancing mass transfer, thus achieving proactive temperature control.

[0022] Four baffles 11 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the top of the gas-liquid distribution plate 4. The four baffles 11 are all located next to the two Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers 5. The baffles 11 are located below the multi-stage temperature control system 6. The guide plate 10 is set vertically.

[0023] The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor 12, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 7. A rectangular cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the rectangular groove. A disc 14 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed cylinder 7. The output end of the adjustment motor 12 passes through the top of the fixed cylinder 7 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc 14. Four top slots 15 are opened at the top of the fixed cylinder 7. A top rod 16 inserted into the top slot 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame 8. An arc-shaped groove 17 is opened through the top of the disc 14. A fixing block 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame 8 relative to the circular shaft 9. A branch rope 19 is wound around the outer wall of the circular shaft 9. A main rope 20 is fixedly connected to one end of each branch rope 19. The main rope 20 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular cylinder 13.

[0024] The arc-shaped groove 17 extends radially and is curved. The inner end of the arc-shaped groove 17 is close to the center of the disk 14, and the outer end of the arc-shaped groove 17 is far away from the center of the disk 14. The top end of the push rod 16 is inserted into the inner side of the arc-shaped groove 17. The main rope 20 is made of elastic rope material, and the other end of the branch rope 19 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the round shaft 9.

[0025] The circular shaft 9 has a three-quarters annular groove 21 on one side. The side wall of the fixing block 18 has a pair of upper grooves 22 and a pair of lower grooves 23. The inner side of the lower groove 23 is slidably connected with an L-shaped lower rod 25. The side end of the lower rod 25 is inserted into the inner side of the annular groove 21.

[0026] A spiral spring 32 is provided between the circular shafts 9. The center end of the spiral spring 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft 9, and the outer side of the spiral spring 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block 18.

[0027] In its initial state, the equipment is a non-guided structure (vertically retracted), suitable for high gas velocity, low viscosity raw materials or full-load operation of the equipment. At this time, the turbulence intensity of the gas and liquid phases is sufficient, and uniform mixing can be achieved by natural diffusion of the jet. Retracting the guide vanes can reduce flow resistance, reduce system pressure drop and energy consumption, avoid unnecessary mechanical interference, and eliminate the risk of coking on the surface of the guide structure. It is suitable for standard operating modes where the raw material properties are stable and the reactor operates smoothly.

[0028] When the position of the guide plate 10 needs to be adjusted, the adjustment motor 12 can be started to drive the disc 14 to rotate. Since the push rod 16 can only slide laterally in the top groove 15, and the distance between the two ends of the arc groove 17 and the middle of the disc 14 gradually increases, when the disc 14 rotates, the arc surface of the arc groove 17 will squeeze the push rod 16 to slide laterally in the top groove 15, thereby driving the four rectangular frames 8 to move outward. During this process, since the main rope 20 is fixed to the side wall of the rectangular tube 13, when the rectangular frame 8 extends, it will pull the branch rope 19 under the tension of the main rope 20 (it should be noted that when selecting the material of the main rope 20, it is necessary to select an elastic material with a greater elasticity than the spiral spring 32, otherwise the main rope 20 will be pulled first and deformed). Since the other end of the branch rope 19 is fixed on the round shaft 9, when the rectangular frame 8 moves outward, the branch rope 19 will be pulled out from the round shaft 9, thereby driving the round shaft 9 to rotate. Meanwhile, the rotation of the circular shaft 9 causes the guide plate 10 to rotate 90 degrees. At this time, the end of the annular groove 21 will rotate to the side of the lower rod 25 and thus be restricted by the rotation of the lower rod 25. During the rotation of the circular shaft 9, since one end of the spiral spring 32 is fixed to the side wall of the circular shaft 9 and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the fixing block 18, the spiral spring 32 will be gradually compressed when the circular shaft 9 rotates. When the end of the annular groove 21 rotates to the side of the lower rod 25 and is restricted, the rectangular frame 8 will continue to move, and then the main rope 20 will be gradually stretched until the side wall of the guide plate 10 is in contact with the side wall of the baffle 11, thus completing the adjustment of the position of the guide plate 10. At this time, the gas and liquid sprayed from the Venturi annular gas-liquid diffuser 5 to the baffle 11 will be guided by the guide plate 10 to the center of the baffle 11 (centripetal guidance mode). This is suitable for low gas velocity, high viscosity heavy oil or large diameter reactor conditions. When the hydrogen-to-oil ratio decreases or the feed density increases, the rising power of the bubbles in the edge area is insufficient, which easily forms a flow short circuit that slides along the wall. The guide plate swings centripetally to intercept the single-sided jet at the edge, forcing it to meet the fluid of the adjacent nozzle at the off-center position. This allows the wall area, which was originally only supplied with hydrogen from one side, to have a secondary mixing opportunity, eliminating the dead zone at the edge and the radial reaction gradient, and preventing coking on the wall due to hydrogen deficiency.

[0029] In summary, through the design of the above structure, the adjustable flow guiding mechanism in the reactor 1 can flexibly switch the flow field mode according to the working conditions. Under normal high gas velocity or stable raw material properties, the guide plate 10 can be adjusted to a vertically retracted state so that the guide plate 10 does not obstruct the gas-liquid flow. At this time, the flow channel is unobstructed, the pressure drop loss is small, and the gas and liquid phases naturally diffuse and mix, which is suitable for standard operating conditions. When processing low gas velocity and high viscosity heavy oil, the flow guiding state is adjusted so that the guide plate 10 fits against the baffle 11, intercepts the single-sided jet at the edge and deflects it towards the central area, and collides with the fluid of the adjacent nozzles a second time. This effectively eliminates the radial difference between overmixing in the center and undermixing at the edge, achieves uniform gas-liquid distribution across the entire cross section, suppresses local coking, and extends the service life of the catalyst.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, it was found during use that the guide plate 10 of the above structure has a fixed adjustment angle and can only be adjusted to one angle, which cannot be applied to the multi-condition processing of the suspended bed reactor 1. In order to solve the above problems, the above structure has been further improved.

[0031] An electric telescopic cylinder 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame 8. An L-shaped upper rod 24 is slidably connected to the inner side of the upper groove 22. A round rod 26 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper rod 24 and the lower rod 25. An adjusting plate 27 is provided on the side wall of the fixing block 18. An inclined surface 28 is provided on both sides of the adjusting plate 27, and the inclined surfaces 28 on both sides of the adjusting plate 27 are symmetrically arranged. The adjusting plate 27 is located between the upper groove 22 and the lower groove 23. The output end of the electric telescopic cylinder 29 passes through the inner side of the rectangular frame 8 and is fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting plate 27.

[0032] An upper spring 30 is fixedly connected between the inner side of the upper groove 22 and the side wall of the upper rod 24, and a lower spring 31 is fixedly connected between the inner side of the lower groove 23 and the side wall of the lower rod 25.

[0033] When it is necessary to guide the gas and liquid around to the center, the electric telescopic cylinder 29 can be started before the control and adjustment motor 12 is started, which will drive the adjustment plate 27 to move upward. At this time, the inclined surface 28 below the adjustment plate 27 will gradually move away from the round rod 26 next to the lower rod 25, thereby gradually releasing the pressure on the lower rod 25. Then, under the elastic force of the lower spring 31, the lower rod 25 is pulled to reset, so that the lower rod 25 is pulled out from the annular groove 21. During this process, by the upward movement of the adjustment plate 27, and since the upper rod 24 can only slide laterally in the upper groove 22, the inclined surface 28 on both sides of the adjustment plate 27 will gradually squeeze the round rod 26 of the upper rod 24, causing the upper rod 24 to slide to both sides and gradually stretch the upper spring 30 until the upper rod 24 is inserted into the annular groove 21. Then, the control motor 12 is started. As the rectangular frame 8 moves outward, the main rope 20 pulls the circular shaft 9 to rotate. Since the upper rod 24 is inserted in the annular groove 21 at this time, when the guide plate 10 is flipped to 45 degrees, the rotation of the circular shaft 9 will be restricted by the upper rod 24, thus completing the restriction of the rotation angle of the guide plate 10. Subsequently, as the rectangular frame 8 continues to move outward, the main rope 20 will be gradually stretched until the side wall of the guide plate 10 contacts the side wall of the baffle 11. At this time, the guide plate 10 will guide the gas and liquid towards the center of the reactor 1 through a centrifugal dispersion structure. This is suitable for conditions with high catalyst load, excessive central collision, or low catalyst mechanical strength. When the four jets collide directly in the center and generate excessive turbulence, in order to avoid the catalyst particles from breaking due to high-speed axial collision, the guide plate 10 is pulled into a 45-degree tilt state, which gathers and guides the fluid dispersed around to the central area, so that each fluid flows into the middle of the reactor 1 in a tangential manner, forming a mild swirling mixing zone rather than a violent axial collision zone, effectively reducing the catalyst breakage rate. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow is used to transfer the heat and hydrogen in the central area to the outside, balancing the temperature distribution of the entire cross section.

[0034] In summary, the above structural design not only guides the edge gas and liquid to mix with adjacent jets through centripetal oscillation, eliminating dead zones on the wall, but also allows the guide plate 10 to be rotated to 45 degrees, converging and guiding the dispersed fluids towards the central area. This allows each stream of fluid to converge tangentially into the middle of the reactor 1, forming a gentle swirling mixing zone rather than a violent axial collision zone, effectively reducing catalyst breakage. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow transfers heat and hydrogen from the central area to the periphery, balancing the temperature distribution across the entire cross-section.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention.

[0036] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure, comprising a reaction vessel (1), wherein a gas-liquid inlet pipe (2) is fixedly connected through the bottom of the reaction vessel (1), and a gas-liquid outlet pipe (3) is fixedly connected through the top of the reaction vessel (1), characterized in that: A gas-liquid distribution plate (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the reactor (1). Four Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers (5) are fixedly connected through the gas-liquid distribution plate (4) at equal intervals. The reactor (1) is equipped with a multi-stage temperature control system (6) for circulating and transferring reaction heat of phase change working fluid, leveling the axial temperature gradient and selectively enhancing radial cooling. A fixed cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the gas-liquid distribution plate (4). Four rectangular slots are opened through the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (7). A rectangular frame (8) is slidably connected to the inner side of each of the four rectangular slots. A round shaft (9) is rotatably connected through both sides of the rectangular frame (8). A guide plate (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the round shaft (9). An adjustment mechanism is provided in the fixed cylinder (7) for driving the rectangular frame (8) to extend and adjusting the angle of the guide plate (10).

2. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the gas-liquid distribution plate (4) is fixedly connected with four baffles (11) at equal intervals. The four baffles (11) are all located next to the two Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers (5). The baffles (11) are located below the multi-stage temperature control system (6). The guide plate (10) is set vertically.

3. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor (12), which is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder (7). A rectangular cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the rectangular groove. A disc (14) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed cylinder (7). The output end of the adjustment motor (12) passes through the top of the fixed cylinder (7) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc (14). Four top grooves (15) are opened at the top of the fixed cylinder (7). A top rod (16) inserted into the top groove (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame (8). An arc groove (17) is opened through the top of the disc (14). A fixing block (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame (8) relative to the circular shaft (9). A branch rope (19) is wound around the outer wall of the circular shaft (9). A main rope (20) is fixedly connected between one end of the branch rope (19). The main rope (20) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular cylinder (13).

4. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped groove (17) extends radially and is curved. The inner end of the arc-shaped groove (17) is close to the center of the disk (14), and the outer end of the arc-shaped groove (17) is far from the center of the disk (14). The top end of the top rod (16) is inserted into the inner side of the arc-shaped groove (17). The main rope (20) is made of elastic rope material, and the other end of the branch rope (19) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the round shaft (9).

5. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circular shaft (9) has a three-quarters annular groove (21) on one side. The side wall of the fixing block (18) has a pair of upper grooves (22) and a pair of lower grooves (23). The inner side of the lower groove (23) is slidably connected with an L-shaped lower rod (25). The side end of the lower rod (25) is inserted into the inner side of the annular groove (21). The top of the rectangular frame (8) is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic cylinder (29).

6. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper groove (22) is slidably connected to an L-shaped upper rod (24) on its inner side. The upper rod (24) and the lower rod (25) are fixedly connected to round rods (26) on their side walls. The side wall of the fixed block (18) is provided with an adjustment plate (27). The two sides of the adjustment plate (27) are provided with inclined surfaces (28), and the inclined surfaces (28) on both sides of the adjustment plate (27) are symmetrically arranged vertically. The adjustment plate (27) is located between the upper groove (22) and the lower groove (23). The output end of the electric telescopic cylinder (29) passes through the inner side of the rectangular frame (8) and is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment plate (27).

7. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An upper spring (30) is fixedly connected between the inner side of the upper groove (22) and the side wall of the upper rod (24), and a lower spring (31) is fixedly connected between the inner side of the lower groove (23) and the side wall of the lower rod (25).

8. A suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spiral spring (32) is provided between the circular shafts (9). The center end of the spiral spring (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft (9), and the outer side of the spiral spring (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block (18).

Images