Continuous preparation device for hydrogenated metal powder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogenation powder preparation, and discloses a hydrogenated metal powder continuous preparation device which comprises a reactor body, a reaction heat exchanger, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe. Hydrogen is introduced through the gas inlet pipe to form ascending gas flow, and metal powder enters the reactor through the feeding pipe, is subjected to hydrogenation reaction under lifting of the ascending gas flow and is discharged through the gas outlet pipe along with the gas flow. The reaction heat exchanger is arranged on the outer wall of the reactor and performs thermal management on hydrogenation reaction. Through the design, hydrogen and metal powder continuously flow, the contact area is increased, the reaction efficiency is improved, and the reaction time is shortened. The upflow has the functions of reaction and heat dissipation, reaction heat released by hydrogenation is taken away in time through convection, dynamic cooling is achieved, caking and melting phenomena caused by local high temperature are effectively prevented, product purity and granularity uniformity are guaranteed, and safe, continuous and efficient hydrogenation production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution relates to the field of hydrogenation powder production technology, specifically to a continuous preparation device for hydrogenated metal powder. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy is an abundant secondary energy source with advantages such as high energy density, versatility, no pollution, non-toxicity, abundant reserves, and environmental compatibility. It is an ideal secondary energy carrier to complement primary energy sources, with wide-ranging applications and the potential to play a significant role in replacing fossil fuels. The large-scale application of hydrogen energy mainly includes three stages: hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and transportation, and hydrogen utilization. High-density hydrogen storage and transportation is the bridge between hydrogen production and application, and also the bottleneck restricting the large-scale application of hydrogen energy. Hydrogen storage and transportation technologies are mainly divided into cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, and solid-state material hydrogen storage. Among these, solid-state metal hydrogen storage is currently the most reliable, safest, and most efficient hydrogen storage method.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for converting hydrogen into solid metals include smelting, sintering, diffusion, and ball milling. For example, Chinese patent CN102583244B discloses a hydrogenation preparation process, which involves placing processed metal powder in a reaction vessel, introducing hydrogen at the required pressure, heating the reaction vessel to the required temperature, maintaining the temperature to allow the metal powder and hydrogen to react fully, and then stopping heating to obtain a solid metal hydrogen storage material. Meanwhile, Chinese patent CN119499988B discloses a mechanical grinding preparation method, which involves solid-gas or solid-solid reactions occurring during mechanical grinding to generate new compounds.

[0004] However, existing preparation processes cannot continuously hydrogenate and refine solid metals, and the hydrogenation and refining process is time-consuming and inefficient. At the same time, because the heat generated during hydrogenation cannot be transferred in time, the material is heated unevenly during the hydrogenation and refining process. The resulting local high temperature can cause the metal powder to agglomerate and melt, affecting product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a continuous preparation apparatus for hydrogenated metal powder, so as to carry out a continuous hydrogenation reaction of solid metal and reduce the impact of local high temperature on product quality during the hydrogenation process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a continuous preparation device for hydrogenated metal powder, comprising a continuous reaction mechanism, the continuous reaction mechanism comprising a reactor body and a reaction heat exchanger, the reactor body comprising an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, hydrogen gas being continuously introduced through the inlet pipe to form an upward airflow, and flowing out through the outlet pipe; the reaction heat exchanger being disposed on the outer wall of the reactor body and capable of thermal management of the reactor body, thereby maintaining the temperature of the hydrogenation reaction within the reactor body; a feed pipe being disposed between the inlet pipe and the gas storage tank, the metal powder entering the reactor body through the feed pipe, undergoing a hydrogenation reaction under suitable temperature and pressure, and being discharged through the outlet pipe under the drive of the upward airflow.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: For metal hydrogenation reactions, a certain temperature needs to be maintained during the reaction to initiate the reaction and ensure its efficiency. However, since hydrogenation is an exothermic reaction, heat energy needs to be released during the reaction. If the heat generated during hydrogenation cannot be transferred in time, it may lead to uneven heating of the material, resulting in local high temperatures, causing metal powder to agglomerate and melt, affecting product quality. The continuous metal powder hydrogenation reactor in this solution, through the setting of rising airflow and reaction heat exchanger, allows metal powder to continuously enter the reactor body for hydrogenation reaction and be in a flowing state. Hydrogen can fully react with the metal powder, which can effectively shorten the hydrogenation reaction time. At the same time, the heat generated by the hydrogenation reaction is removed by convective heat exchange, so that the rising airflow not only participates in the reaction as a reaction gas, but also acts as a convective heat exchange medium to promptly remove the large amount of reaction heat released during hydrogenation, realizing dynamic heat dissipation. This effectively prevents local overheating caused by heat accumulation, avoids metal powder agglomeration, sintering, or even melting, and significantly improves product purity and particle size uniformity.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a refining unit, which includes several refining nozzles. The refining nozzles are fixedly installed on the side wall of the reactor body and located below the gas outlet pipe and are in communication with the reaction gas.

[0009] Beneficial effects: By refining the unit, the particle size of metal hydrides decreases through mutual collisions during their ascent, which is beneficial for improving particle size uniformity and subsequent dehydrogenation or material application. At the same time, the physical collisions during the production process reduce the particle size of metal hydrides. Compared with the later grinding and refining process, collision refining is carried out under the protection of a reactive atmosphere (hydrogen), which can effectively isolate air and reduce the oxidation of metal hydrides and the introduction of impurities. Later grinding is prone to oxidation due to frictional heat or contamination due to equipment wear. In addition, the airflow collision effect is gentle and evenly distributed, which can effectively break up the initial agglomeration and obtain a narrower particle size distribution. Compared with later grinding, the particle size control accuracy is higher.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a gas-solid separation mechanism, which includes a gas-solid separation unit, a gas-solid separation chamber, and a gas-solid separation chamber connected to an outlet pipe and capable of separating the solids and gases discharged from the outlet pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation chamber is provided with a first inlet / outlet, a second inlet / outlet, and a third inlet / outlet. The separation unit also includes a filter element, which is disposed between the second inlet / outlet and the first and third inlet / outlets, and causes gas-solid separation, so that the gas is discharged from the second inlet / outlet and the solid is discharged from the third inlet / outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation unit also includes a first intermediate chamber and a first finished product chamber. The first finished product chamber is connected to the third inlet and outlet. The first intermediate chamber is located between the separation chamber and the first finished product chamber and is connected to the gas-solid separation chamber and the first finished product chamber through a valve. The first intermediate chamber is connected to a pressure pipe and a pressure relief pipe through the valve, and the pressure state of the first intermediate chamber can be switched through the pressure pipe and the pressure relief pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation mechanism also includes a pressure relief unit, which includes a pressure relief separation chamber and a second finished product chamber. A second intermediate chamber is connected between the pressure relief separation chamber and the second finished product chamber via a valve, and the separation chamber and the finished product chamber can be connected through the second intermediate chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a gas supply mechanism, which includes a gas replenishment unit, a hydrogen tank and a compressor. The hydrogen tank stores hydrogen and is equipped with a hydrogen replenishment pipe. The compressor is located between the hydrogen tank and the inlet pipe and connects the hydrogen tank and the inlet pipe through the compressor.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas supply mechanism also includes a gas processing unit, which includes a pressurization module and a heating module. The pressurization module and the heating module are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the pressurization module is connected to the outlet end of the gas replenishment unit, the outlet end of the pressurization module is connected to the inlet end of the heating module, and the outlet end of the heating module is connected to the inlet pipe. The hydrogen output from the hydrogen storage tank passes through the pressurization module and the heating module in sequence and is then input into the reactor body through the inlet pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas supply mechanism also includes a replacement unit, which includes a replacement tank storing inert gas. The replacement tank is connected to the gas processing unit, the gas-solid separation unit, and the pressure relief unit through valves and is equipped with an inert gas replenishment pipe. Both the first intermediate chamber and the second intermediate chamber are connected to vent pipes through valves. The vent pipes are equipped with vent ports that are connected to the atmosphere.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation mechanism includes at least two sets of gas-solid separation units, with the separation chambers of adjacent gas-solid separation units connected in series, and the filter holes of the filter element decreasing in size step by step; a balance pipe is provided between adjacent first intermediate chambers. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow dispersion plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the gas-solid separation unit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the gas supply unit and the replacement unit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a connection diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0019] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: hydrogenation zone 101, transition zone 102, refining zone 103, feed pipe 111, air inlet pipe 112, air outlet pipe 113, airflow dispersion plate 120, main pipe 132, nozzle 131, reaction heat exchanger 210, gas-solid separation unit 310, separation chamber 301, finished product bin 302, first intermediate bin 303, second intermediate bin 304, pressure relief separation unit 320, hydrogen storage tank 410, air inlet pressurization module 420, air inlet compressor 421, air inlet filter 422, air inlet heater 430, make-up gas storage tank 441, make-up gas compressor 442, displacement storage tank 450, and exhaust port 451. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 Example 1 is basically as shown in the appendix. Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1-3 The apparatus shown is a continuous preparation device for hydrogenated metal powder, including a continuous reaction mechanism. The continuous reaction mechanism includes a reactor body and a reaction heat exchanger 210. The reactor body includes an inlet pipe 112 and an outlet pipe 113. Hydrogen gas is continuously introduced through the inlet pipe 112 and flows out through the outlet pipe 113, forming an upward airflow. The reaction heat exchanger 210 is installed on the outer wall of the reactor body and can heat the reactor body so that the reactor body reaches the temperature for hydrogenation reaction. A feed pipe 111 is provided between the inlet pipe 112 and the gas storage tank. Metal powder enters the reactor body through the feed pipe 111, undergoes hydrogenation reaction under the action of the upward airflow, and is discharged through the outlet pipe 113 under the drive of the upward airflow.

[0021] The reactor body is a vertically arranged cylindrical container, vertically divided into a hydrogenation zone 101, a transition zone, and a refining zone 103. A reaction heat exchanger 210 is fixed to the outer wall of the hydrogenation zone 101. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an inlet pipe 112 and an airflow dispersion plate 120 are fixed at the lower part of the hydrogenation zone 101. The airflow dispersion plate 120 is fixed on the inner wall of the cylindrical container and located between the inlet pipe 112 and the hydrogenation zone 101. A feed pipe 111 is provided in the transition zone. A refining zone 103 is provided with a refining drive assembly, which includes several refining nozzles 131. Several through holes are provided on the side wall of the refining zone 103. The outer wall of the nozzle is welded to the inner wall of the through hole to form a sealed connection. A main pipe 132 is connected between the refining nozzles 131. Both the inlet pipe 112 and the main pipe 132 are connected to the gas supply port. A portion of the hydrogen output from the gas supply port flows into the reactor through the gas inlet pipe 112. After being dispersed by the airflow dispersion plate 120, it flows sequentially through the hydrogenation zone 101, the transition zone 102, and the refining zone 103, and finally flows out through the gas outlet pipe 113, forming an upward airflow. Another portion of the hydrogen output from the gas supply port enters the refining nozzle 131 through the main pipe 132. After being accelerated by the refining nozzle 131, it is injected into the reactor body.

[0022] In use, gas is input into the reactor body through the inlet pipe 112, dispersed by the airflow dispersion plate 120, and discharged through the exhaust pipe. Metal powder is fed into the reactor body through the feed pipe 111.

[0023] Example 2 Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that it also includes a gas supply mechanism and a gas-solid separation mechanism. The gas supply mechanism includes a gas supply unit, a stamping unit, and a replacement unit. The gas supply unit is used to continuously and stably supply hydrogen that meets the process parameters as the reaction gas for the hydrogenation reaction. The stamping unit is used to stamp the first intermediate chamber so that the gas pressure in the first intermediate chamber matches the pressure in the separation chamber, avoiding the impact of high and low pressure switching on the stable operation of the separation device. The replacement unit is used to provide inert gas to replace the reaction gas in the device, avoiding the safety hazards caused by high-purity hydrogen in the device during shutdown or maintenance.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the gas supply unit includes a hydrogen storage tank 410 and an inlet heater 430. The hydrogen storage tank 410 contains hydrogen and is equipped with a gas replenishment pipe. The outlet of the inlet heater 430 is connected to the gas supply port. Two sets of inlet pressurization modules 420 are arranged between the hydrogen storage tank 410 and the inlet heater 430. The inlet pressurization module 420 includes an inlet compressor 421 and an inlet filter 422. The inlet filter 422 is located at the inlet end of the inlet compressor 421 to filter the gas entering the inlet compressor 421, thereby ensuring the purity of the gas entering the hydrogenation reaction and thus ensuring the purity of the product. The two sets of inlet pressurization modules 420 are arranged in parallel and operate alternately to ensure that the pressurized hydrogen is continuously supplied to the inlet heater, thereby ensuring that the gas supply unit can continuously and stably output reaction gas that meets the process temperature and pressure.

[0025] The stamping unit includes a hydrogen replenishment tank 441 and a hydrogen replenishment compressor 442. The hydrogen replenishment tank 441 stores hydrogen and is connected to a stamping pipe, a pressure relief pipe, and a hydrogen replenishment pipe via valves. The inlet of the hydrogen replenishment compressor 442 is connected to the gas supply pipe via a flange, and the outlet of the hydrogen replenishment compressor 442 is connected to the gas supply port. In use, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen replenishment tank 441 is compressed and output after being processed by the hydrogen replenishment compressor 442. At the same time, hydrogen can enter the hydrogen replenishment tank 441 through the hydrogen replenishment pipe or the pressure relief pipe to replenish the hydrogen consumed by the hydrogen replenishment tank 441.

[0026] The replacement unit includes a replacement storage tank 450, a replacement pipe, and a vent pipe. The replacement storage tank stores inert gas and is equipped with a gas supply pipe. The replacement pipe is connected to the replacement storage tank, and the vent pipe is connected to an exhaust port 451. During replacement, the inert gas stored in the replacement storage tank 450 is output through the replacement pipe, and hydrogen is discharged into the atmosphere through the vent pipe and the exhaust port 451.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the gas-solid separation mechanism includes a gas-solid separation unit 310 and a pressure relief separation unit 320. The gas-solid separation unit 310 includes a gas-solid separation chamber 301, a first intermediate chamber 303, and a finished product chamber 302. The gas-solid separation chamber 301 is used to separate gas and solid substances. The finished product chamber 302 is used to store the solid powder separated by the gas-solid separation chamber 301. The first intermediate chamber 303 is located between the gas-solid separation chamber 301 and the finished product chamber 302 and can switch between high pressure and low pressure states. Specifically, the gas-solid separation chamber 301 is provided with a first inlet / outlet, a second inlet / outlet, and a third inlet / outlet. The first inlet / outlet is the material inlet, the second inlet / outlet is the gas outlet, and the third inlet / outlet is the solid material outlet. A filter element is provided between the second inlet / outlet and the first and third inlet / outlets. The filter element enables gas-solid separation of the airflow carrying solid particles. During operation, the gas is output from the second inlet / outlet, and the solid is output from the third inlet / outlet. The first intermediate chamber 303 includes a chamber body, which is equipped with an inlet and an outlet, a pressure relief pipe and a stamping pipe, as well as a venting pipe and a replacement pipe. The chamber body connects the separation device to the finished product chamber 302 through the inlet and outlet, and switches between high pressure and low pressure using the pressure relief pipe and the stamping pipe, thereby facilitating the transfer of hydride metal powder from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure finished product chamber 302. The second inlet and outlet are connected to the first inlet and outlet of the separation device, and the hydrogen is discharged after being filtered by the filter element of the separation device of the pressure relief unit. When it is necessary to stop production, the hydrogen in the chamber body can be replaced through the venting pipe and the replacement pipe.

[0028] The pressure relief separation unit 320 includes a pressure relief separation chamber 301, a second intermediate chamber 304, and a finished product chamber 302. The pressure relief separation chamber 301 has a structure that is basically the same as that of the gas-solid separation chamber 301, and will not be described in detail here. The second intermediate chamber 304 is basically the same as that of the first intermediate chamber 303. The difference is that the body of the second intermediate chamber 304 is only provided with an inlet and an outlet, which are connected to the replacement pipe and the venting pipe through valves. The body of the chamber is connected to the separation device and the finished product chamber 302 through the inlet and outlet, and the chamber is switched between high pressure and low pressure by the pressure relief pipe and the stamping pipe. The storage chamber is located on the outlet of the second intermediate chamber 304.

[0029] Example 3 Example 3 is basically the same as Example 2, except that the separation mechanism includes at least two sets of gas-solid separation units 310 to form a particle size classification device, which classifies hydride metal powders of different particle sizes during the production process, thereby improving product consistency. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the separation mechanism is provided with three gas-solid separation units 310, the separation chambers 301 of adjacent gas-solid separation units 310 are connected in series, and the filter holes of the filter element are progressively smaller, so as to store hydride metal powders of different particle sizes respectively; a balance pipe is provided between adjacent first intermediate chambers 303, and a balance valve is provided on the balance pipe. When unloading, the balance valve is closed, and when stamping, the balance valve is opened for rapid stamping.

[0030] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that the technical means for solving problems in the above embodiments of the present invention can be used in combination to solve multiple technical problems simultaneously. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuous preparation apparatus for hydride metal powder, characterized in that: The reactor includes a continuous reaction mechanism, which comprises a reactor body and a reaction heat exchanger. The reactor body includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. Hydrogen gas is continuously introduced through the inlet pipe, forming an upward airflow, and flows out through the outlet pipe. The reaction heat exchanger is installed on the outer wall of the reactor body and can perform thermal management of the reactor body, so that the reactor body is maintained at the hydrogenation reaction temperature. A feed pipe is provided between the inlet pipe and the gas storage tank. Metal powder enters the reactor body through the feed pipe, undergoes a hydrogenation reaction under suitable temperature and pressure, and is discharged through the outlet pipe under the drive of the upward airflow.

2. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a refining unit, which includes several refining nozzles. The refining nozzles are fixedly installed on the side wall of the reactor body and located below the gas outlet pipe and are in communication with the reaction gas.

3. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a gas-solid separation mechanism, which includes a gas-solid separation unit, a gas-solid separation chamber, and a gas-solid separation chamber connected to an outlet pipe and capable of separating the solids and gases discharged from the outlet pipe.

4. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation chamber is provided with a first inlet / outlet, a second inlet / outlet, and a third inlet / outlet. The separation unit also includes a filter element, which is disposed between the second inlet / outlet and the first and third inlet / outlets, and causes gas-solid separation, so that the gas is discharged from the second inlet / outlet and the solid is discharged from the third inlet / outlet.

5. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation unit also includes a first intermediate chamber and a first finished product chamber. The first finished product chamber is connected to the third inlet and outlet. The first intermediate chamber is located between the separation chamber and the first finished product chamber and is connected to the gas-solid separation chamber and the first finished product chamber through a valve. The first intermediate chamber is connected to a pressure pipe and a pressure relief pipe through the valve, and the pressure state of the first intermediate chamber can be switched through the pressure pipe and the pressure relief pipe.

6. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation mechanism also includes a pressure relief unit, which includes a pressure relief separation chamber and a second finished product chamber. A second intermediate chamber is connected between the pressure relief separation chamber and the second finished product chamber via a valve, and the separation chamber and the finished product chamber can be connected through the second intermediate chamber.

7. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a gas supply mechanism, which includes a gas replenishment unit. The gas replenishment unit includes a hydrogen tank and a compressor. The hydrogen tank stores hydrogen and is equipped with a hydrogen replenishment pipe. The compressor is located between the hydrogen tank and the gas inlet pipe and connects the hydrogen tank and the gas inlet pipe through the compressor.

8. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas supply mechanism also includes a gas processing unit, which includes a pressurization module and a heating module. The pressurization module and the heating module are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the pressurization module is connected to the outlet end of the gas replenishment unit, the outlet end of the pressurization module is connected to the inlet end of the heating module, and the outlet end of the heating module is connected to the inlet pipe. The hydrogen output from the hydrogen storage tank passes through the pressurization module and the heating module in sequence and is then input into the reactor body through the inlet pipe.

9. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas supply mechanism also includes a replacement unit, which includes a replacement tank storing inert gas. The replacement tank is connected to the gas processing unit, the gas-solid separation unit and the pressure relief unit through valves and is equipped with an inert gas replenishment pipe. Both the first intermediate chamber and the second intermediate chamber are connected to vent pipes through valves. The vent pipes are equipped with vent ports that are connected to the atmosphere.

10. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hydride metal powder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation mechanism includes at least two sets of gas-solid separation units, with the separation chambers of adjacent gas-solid separation units connected in series, and the filter pores of the filter element decreasing in size step by step; a balance pipe is provided between adjacent first intermediate chambers.

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