Multi-axis linkage self-adaptive machining control method and device for engraving and milling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engraving and milling machines, in particular to a multi-axis linkage self-adaptive machining device of an engraving and milling machine, and the multi-axis linkage self-adaptive machining device comprises a mounting assembly, a machining assembly, a clamping assembly, a spraying assembly, an adjusting assembly and a confluence assembly.The multi-axis linkage self-adaptive machining device of the engraving and milling machine comprises an adjusting ring, a rotating sleeve, a sliding sleeve, a collecting box and a filtering plate; according to the device, flow division can be conducted through the annular flow division box and the liquid outlet, cooling liquid is sprayed out in multiple directions through the grouped flexible connecting pipes and the nozzles, the inclination angle of the nozzles is adjusted through cooperation of the adjusting ring capable of moving up and down and the rotating sleeve and the sliding sleeve, and the nozzles can accurately spray the cooling liquid to a machining point position; and meanwhile, the collecting box is used for bearing the cooling liquid, the filtering plate is used for filtering the backflow cooling liquid, the liquid pump is used for driving the cooling liquid to circularly flow, the device can better and rapidly cool the workpiece, the cooling liquid and the machining chippings are rapidly separated, and the cooling liquid can be recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engraving machine technology, specifically to a multi-axis linkage adaptive machining control method and device for engraving machines. Background Technology

[0002] A precision engraving machine is a CNC machine tool specifically designed for high-precision engraving, milling, and micro-hole processing. It falls between traditional engraving machines and large machining centers, with the core characteristic of "precision rather than brute force." It combines engraving and milling functions and can process various shapes such as holes, grooves, chamfers, and engravings. It is mainly used in fields such as mobile phone molds, optical components, and precision parts.

[0003] Some existing CNC engraving machines can perform complex multi-faceted machining on workpieces through multi-axis linkage and adaptively adjust the cutter head speed according to the workpiece material. However, there are some problems in their use: First, existing CNC engraving machines cool the workpiece by spraying coolant during machining, but their coolant spraying mechanism is relatively simple and the cooling effect on the workpiece is not good. Second, the chips generated by existing CNC engraving machines can be washed away by coolant, but the coolant and machining chips cannot be separated quickly, and the coolant is difficult to recycle quickly. Therefore, in order to address the above problems, a multi-axis linkage adaptive machining control method and device for CNC engraving machines is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-axis linkage adaptive machining control method and device for engraving machines, so as to solve the problems of poor cooling effect on workpieces and difficulty in rapid circulation of coolant in existing engraving machines.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine includes a mounting assembly, a machining assembly, a clamping assembly, a spraying assembly, an adjustment assembly, and a confluence assembly. The mounting assembly includes a base, with a set of support legs fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base. A worktable is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each support leg. The machining assembly is located on the upper surface of the base. The machining assembly includes a Y-axis traveling mechanism mounted on the rear half of the upper surface of the base. A mounting frame is mounted on the upper end of the Y-axis traveling mechanism. An X-axis traveling mechanism is mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame. A Z-axis traveling mechanism is mounted on the front side of the X-axis traveling mechanism. A machining head mechanism is mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis traveling mechanism. A spraying assembly is located outside the machining head mechanism. The spraying assembly includes components sleeved on... An annular flow divider box is located outside the machining head mechanism. The annular flow divider box is bolted to the machining head mechanism. A set of circumferentially distributed liquid outlets are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the annular flow divider box. A flexible connecting tube is fixedly connected to the lower end of each liquid outlet. A nozzle is fixedly connected to the lower end of each flexible connecting tube. An infusion tube is fixedly connected to the front opening of the annular flow divider box. An adjustment assembly is provided on the lower side of the annular flow divider box. The adjustment assembly includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders fixedly connected to the annular flow divider box. A transmission block is fixedly connected to the piston rod end of each hydraulic cylinder. An adjustment ring is fixedly connected between the two transmission blocks. A set of rotating sleeves is rotatably connected to the outer side of the adjustment ring. A sliding sleeve that is slidably connected to the nozzle is fixedly connected to the outer side of each rotating sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, a water baffle is fixedly connected to the outer side of the workbench, and a protective net frame is fixedly connected to the circular opening of the workbench. The left and right sides of the protective net frame are provided with limiting sleeves that are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the workbench.

[0008] Preferably, the lower side of the limiting sleeve is provided with a manifold assembly, the manifold assembly includes a collection box located on the upper side of the base, a filter plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the collection box, and limiting ears that are partially inserted into the limiting sleeve are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the collection box. A liquid pump located on the upper side of the base is provided on the rear side of the collection box, the liquid pump's suction pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the collection box, and the liquid pump's discharge pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the infusion pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the front side of the Y-axis traveling mechanism is provided with a clamping assembly. The clamping assembly includes a pair of limiting seats mounted on the front half of the upper end of the worktable. A rotating seat is rotatably connected between the limiting seats. A first motor, which is fixedly connected to the left side of the limiting seat on the left side and the rotating seat, is fixedly connected to the left side of the limiting seat on the left side. A motor seat is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the rotating seat. A second motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the motor seat. A pneumatic three-jaw chuck, which is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, is fixedly connected to the spindle of the second motor. A pneumatic adjustment device for the three-jaw chuck, which is bolted to the worktable, is provided on the rear side of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck.

[0010] Preferably, the annular diversion box and multiple liquid outlets are connected in series, and the liquid outlets, flexible connecting pipes, and nozzles are connected in sequence, with all nozzles located inside the adjusting ring.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting ring has a regular polygonal structure, the rotating sleeves are circumferentially distributed, and the inner diameter of the sliding sleeves is equal to the outer diameter of the nozzle.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device of the engraving machine can be controlled by an external controller, and the specific method is as follows:

[0013] S1: Design the machining program. The staff programs the program using a computer. The computer can send the program to an external controller, which can automatically adjust the Y-axis travel mechanism, X-axis travel mechanism, Z-axis travel mechanism, and machining head mechanism.

[0014] S2: Preparation: Add an appropriate amount of coolant to the collection box, insert the limiting ear into the limiting sleeve, place the workpiece to be processed on the pneumatic three-jaw chuck, adjust the pneumatic three-jaw chuck through the pneumatic adjustment device, and the pneumatic three-jaw chuck can stably clamp the workpiece to be processed.

[0015] S3: The position of the machining head mechanism can be adjusted by the Y-axis travel mechanism, X-axis travel mechanism, and Z-axis travel mechanism. The high-speed rotating head of the machining head mechanism can perform precision carving on the workpiece. If more complex machining is required, the first motor can drive the rotating seat to rotate, and the second motor can drive the pneumatic three-jaw chuck to rotate, thereby adjusting the posture of the workpiece.

[0016] S4: During the processing, the external controller can adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, which drives the transmission block, adjusting ring and rotating sleeve to move up and down. At this time, the rotating sleeve will rotate relative to the adjusting ring and the sliding sleeve will slide relative to the nozzle, which can change the tilt angle of the nozzle. At the same time, the liquid pump can suck the coolant in the collection tank. The coolant is transported through the delivery pipe, the annular distribution box and the outlet, and dispersed and sprayed out through the flexible connection pipe and the nozzle. By adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzle, multiple nozzles can accurately spray the coolant from the outside of the cutting head of the processing head mechanism to the processing point, preventing the coolant from being sprayed too dispersed.

[0017] S5: The coolant carries the processing debris onto the worktable, then through the protective mesh and into the collection tank. The processing debris is trapped by the filter plate, and the coolant falls to the bottom of the collection tank and mixes with the rest of the coolant, allowing the coolant to be recycled.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] In this invention, the device, through the arrangement of an annular distribution box, nozzles, adjusting rings, rotating sleeves, sliding sleeves, a collection box, and a filter plate, can divert coolant through the annular distribution box and the outlet. Coolant is sprayed from multiple directions through a group of flexible connecting pipes and nozzles. The adjustable ring, in conjunction with the rotating sleeve and sliding sleeve, adjusts the tilt angle of the nozzles, allowing them to accurately spray coolant onto the processing points. Simultaneously, the collection box holds the coolant, the filter plate filters the returning coolant, and a liquid pump drives the coolant circulation. This device can better and more quickly cool the workpiece and rapidly separate the coolant from processing debris, allowing the coolant to be recycled. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting components of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the processing component structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spray assembly structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the busbar assembly of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Mounting assembly; 11. Base; 12. Support leg; 13. Worktable; 14. Water baffle; 15. Protective net frame; 16. Limit sleeve; 2. Machining assembly; 21. Y-axis traveling mechanism; 22. Mounting frame; 23. X-axis traveling mechanism; 24. Z-axis traveling mechanism; 25. Machining cutter head mechanism; 3. Clamping assembly; 31. Limit seat; 32. Rotating seat; 33. First motor; 34. Motor base; 35. Second... 36. Motor; 37. Pneumatic three-jaw chuck; 4. Three-jaw chuck pneumatic adjustment device; 5. Spray assembly; 6. Annular diverter box; 7. Liquid outlet; 8. Flexible connecting pipe; 9. Nozzle; 10. Infusion pipe; 11. Adjustment assembly; 12. Hydraulic cylinder; 13. Transmission block; 14. Adjustment ring; 15. Rotating sleeve; 16. Sliding sleeve; 17. Manifold assembly; 18. Collection box; 19. Filter plate; 20. Limiting lug; 21. Liquid pump. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] A multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine includes a mounting assembly 1, a machining assembly 2, a clamping assembly 3, a spraying assembly 4, an adjustment assembly 5, and a confluence assembly 6. The mounting assembly 1 includes a base 11, with a set of support legs 12 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 11. A worktable 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support legs 12. The machining assembly 2 is located on the upper surface of the base 11. The machining assembly 2 includes a Y-axis traveling mechanism 21 mounted on the rear half of the upper surface of the base 11. A mounting frame 22 is mounted on the upper end of the Y-axis traveling mechanism 21, and an X-axis traveling mechanism 23 is mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame 22. A Z-axis traveling mechanism 24 is mounted on the front side of the X-axis traveling mechanism 23, and a machining head mechanism 25 is mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis traveling mechanism 24. A spraying assembly 4 is located on the outer side of the machining head mechanism 25. The spraying assembly 4 includes components sleeved on the machining head mechanism 25. The annular diversion box 41 is located outside the cutting head mechanism 25. The annular diversion box 41 is bolted to the cutting head mechanism 25. A set of circumferentially distributed liquid outlets 42 are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the annular diversion box 41. A flexible connecting tube 43 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each liquid outlet 42. A nozzle 44 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each flexible connecting tube 43. An infusion tube 45 is fixedly connected to the front opening of the annular diversion box 41. An adjustment assembly 5 is provided on the lower side of the annular diversion box 41. The adjustment assembly 5 includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders 51 fixedly connected to the annular diversion box 41. A transmission block 52 is fixedly connected to the piston rod end of each hydraulic cylinder 51. An adjustment ring 53 is fixedly connected between the two transmission blocks 52. A set of rotating sleeves 54 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the adjustment ring 53. A sliding sleeve 55 that is slidably connected to the nozzle 44 is fixedly connected to the outer side of each rotating sleeve 54.

[0032] A baffle plate 14 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the workbench 13. A protective net frame 15 is fixedly connected inside the circular opening of the workbench 13. Limiting sleeves 16, which are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the workbench 13, are provided on both the left and right sides of the protective net frame 15. The collection box 61 can be positioned by the limiting sleeves 16 in conjunction with the limiting ears 63. A flow-collecting assembly 6 is provided below the limiting sleeves 16. The flow-collecting assembly 6 includes a collection box 61 located on the upper side of the base 11. A filter plate 62 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the collection box 61. Limiting ears 63, partially inserted into the limiting sleeves 16, are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the collection box 61. A liquid pump 64, located on the upper side of the base 11, is provided at the rear of the collection box 61. The liquid pump 64 has a suction pipe and a collection... The header 61 is fixedly connected and interconnected. The drain pipe and delivery pipe 45 of the liquid pump 64 are fixedly connected and interconnected, and the liquid pump 64 can drive the coolant to circulate. The front side of the Y-axis traveling mechanism 21 is provided with a clamping assembly 3. The clamping assembly 3 includes a pair of limit seats 31 installed on the front half of the upper end of the worktable 13. A rotating seat 32 is rotatably connected between the limit seats 31. The left side of the limit seat 31 on the left is fixedly connected to the spindle and the first motor 33 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 32. The lower end face of the rotating seat 32 is fixedly connected to the motor seat 34. The inner side of the motor seat 34 is fixedly connected to the second motor 35. The spindle of the second motor 35 is fixedly connected to a pneumatic motor that is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 32. A three-jaw chuck 36, with a pneumatic adjustment device 37 bolted to the worktable 13 on its rear side, allows for stable clamping of the workpiece. An annular flow divider 41 and multiple liquid outlets 42 are connected. The liquid outlets 42, flexible connecting pipes 43, and nozzles 44 are sequentially connected, with each nozzle located inside the adjusting ring 53. Flow can be divided through the annular flow divider 41 and the liquid outlets 42. The adjusting ring 53 is a regular polygonal structure, with rotating sleeves 54 arranged circumferentially. The inner diameter of the sliding sleeves 55 is equal to the outer diameter of the nozzles 44. The tilt angle of the nozzles 44 can be adjusted by the adjusting ring 53 in conjunction with the rotating sleeves 54 and the sliding sleeves 55. (The last sentence appears to be a fragment and doesn't translate directly.) The axis linkage adaptive machining device can be controlled by an external controller. The specific method is as follows: S1: Design the machining program. The operator programs the program through a computer. The computer can send the program to the external controller. The external controller can automatically adjust the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, Z-axis travel mechanism 24, and machining head mechanism 25; S2: Preparation work. Add an appropriate amount of coolant to the collection box 61, insert the limiting ear 63 into the limiting sleeve 16, place the workpiece to be processed on the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36, and adjust the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36 through the pneumatic adjustment device 37. The pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36 can stably clamp the workpiece to be processed.S3: The position of the machining head mechanism 25 is adjusted by the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, and Z-axis travel mechanism 24. The high-speed rotating head of the machining head mechanism 25 can perform precision engraving on the workpiece. If more complex machining is required, the first motor 33 can drive the rotating seat 32 to rotate, and the second motor 35 can drive the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36 to rotate, thereby adjusting the posture of the workpiece. S4: During the machining process, the external controller can adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 51, which drives the transmission block 52, adjusting ring 53, and rotating sleeve 54 to move up and down. At this time, the rotating sleeve 54 will rotate relative to the adjusting ring 53, and the sliding sleeve 55 will slide relative to the nozzle 44, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzle 44. As changes occur, the liquid pump 64 draws away the coolant from the collection tank 61. The coolant is then transported through the delivery pipe 45, the annular distribution box 41, and the outlet 42, and dispersed through the flexible connecting pipe 43 and nozzles 44. By adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzles 44, multiple nozzles 44 can accurately spray the coolant from the outside of the cutting head of the machining head mechanism 25 to the machining point, preventing the coolant from being sprayed too dispersedly. S5: The coolant carries the machining debris onto the worktable 13, then falls into the collection tank 61 through the protective mesh frame 15. The machining debris is intercepted by the filter plate 62, and the coolant falls to the bottom of the collection tank 61 and mixes with the remaining coolant, allowing the coolant to be recycled.

[0033] Workflow: Before use, install the base 11 in a suitable position and connect the power supply to the device. The device is equipped with an external controller, which is electrically connected to the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, Z-axis travel mechanism 24, machining head mechanism 25, first motor 33, second motor 35, three-jaw chuck pneumatic adjustment device 37, hydraulic cylinder 51, and liquid pump 64. The operating status of the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, Z-axis travel mechanism 24, machining head mechanism 25, first motor 33, second motor 35, three-jaw chuck pneumatic adjustment device 37, hydraulic cylinder 51, and liquid pump 64 can be adjusted by manually operating the external controller. All of the above are existing technologies.When using this device, the operator first programs it via computer, which then sends the program to an external controller. Next, the operator adds an appropriate amount of coolant to the collection box 61, inserts the limiting ear 63 into the limiting sleeve 16, and places the workpiece onto the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36. The external controller then activates the pneumatic adjustment device 37, which adjusts the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36 to stably clamp the workpiece. The external controller automatically adjusts the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, Z-axis travel mechanism 24, and machining head mechanism 25. Adjustments are made via the Y-axis travel mechanism 21, X-axis travel mechanism 23, and Z-axis travel mechanism 24. The position of the machining head mechanism 25 allows for precision engraving of the workpiece via its high-speed rotating head. For more complex machining operations, the external controller can automatically adjust the first motor 33 and the second motor 35. The first motor 33, fixed by the limiting seat 31, drives the rotating seat 32 to rotate, while the second motor 35, fixed by the motor seat 34, drives the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36 to rotate. This adjusts the workpiece's orientation, facilitating complex machining. During machining, the external controller determines the insertion depth of the machining head mechanism 25 into the workpiece based on the workpiece thickness and the height of the machining head mechanism 25, and simultaneously adjusts the extension and retraction of the two hydraulic cylinders 51. The hydraulic cylinders 51 drive the transmission... Block 52 moves up and down, which in turn drives the adjusting ring 53 and rotating sleeve 54 to move up and down. At this time, the rotating sleeve 54 will rotate relative to the adjusting ring 53, and the sliding sleeve 55 will slide relative to the nozzle 44, thus changing the tilt angle of the nozzle 44. The liquid pump 64 can draw the coolant from the collection tank 61 and deliver it to the annular distribution box 41 through the liquid delivery pipe 45. The annular distribution box 41 can deliver the coolant to multiple outlets 42, and then disperse the coolant through the flexible connecting pipe 43 and the nozzle 44. By adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzle 44, multiple nozzles 44 can accurately spray the coolant from the outside of the cutting head of the machining head mechanism 25 to the machining point, preventing the coolant from being sprayed too dispersed. The coolant carries the machining product. The raw debris falls onto the worktable 13 fixed by the support leg 12. Due to the obstruction of the baffle plate 14, the coolant carries the debris generated during processing through the protective net frame 15 and falls into the collection box 61. The debris generated during processing is intercepted by the filter plate 62. The coolant falls to the bottom of the collection box 61 and mixes with the rest of the coolant, so that the coolant can be recycled. Since there is a lot of coolant inside the collection box 61, and the coolant flows through the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 36, the worktable 13 and other components during the return flow, the coolant in the collection box 61 will not heat up quickly. The device can process continuously for a long time. When a lot of debris accumulates on the upper side of the filter plate 62, the operator can grab the front part of the limit ear 63 and pull the collection box 61 forward to clean the debris on the upper side of the filter plate 62.This device can divert coolant through an annular distribution box 41 and an outlet 42, and spray coolant from multiple directions through a group of flexible connecting pipes 43 and nozzles 44. The tilt angle of the nozzles 44 can be adjusted by a movable adjusting ring 53 in conjunction with a rotating sleeve 54 and a sliding sleeve 55, allowing the nozzles 44 to accurately spray coolant onto the processing point. Simultaneously, the coolant is collected in a collection box 61, filtered by a filter plate 62, and circulated by a liquid pump 64. This device can better and more quickly cool the workpiece and rapidly separate the coolant from processing debris, allowing the coolant to be recycled.

[0034] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine, comprising a mounting assembly (1), a machining assembly (2), a clamping assembly (3), a spraying assembly (4), an adjustment assembly (5), and a confluence assembly (6), characterized in that: The mounting assembly (1) includes a base (11), a set of support legs (12) are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base (11), a worktable (13) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the support legs (12), a processing assembly (2) is provided on the upper end face of the base (11), the processing assembly (2) includes a Y-axis traveling mechanism (21) installed on the rear half of the upper end face of the base (11), a mounting frame (22) is installed on the upper end of the Y-axis traveling mechanism (21), an X-axis traveling mechanism (23) is installed on the upper end of the mounting frame (22), a Z-axis traveling mechanism (24) is installed on the front side of the X-axis traveling mechanism (23), a processing head mechanism (25) is installed on the lower end of the Z-axis traveling mechanism (24), a spray assembly (4) is provided on the outer side of the processing head mechanism (25), the spray assembly (4) includes an annular diverter box (41) sleeved on the outer side of the processing head mechanism (25), the annular diverter box (41) The annular diverter box (41) is bolted to the cutting head mechanism (25). A set of circumferentially distributed liquid outlets (42) are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the annular diverter box (41). A flexible connecting tube (43) is fixedly connected to the lower end of each liquid outlet (42). A nozzle (44) is fixedly connected to the lower end of each flexible connecting tube (43). A delivery tube (45) is fixedly connected to the front opening of the annular diverter box (41). An adjustment assembly (5) is provided on the lower side of the annular diverter box (41). The adjustment assembly (5) includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders (51) fixedly connected to the annular diverter box (41). A transmission block (52) is fixedly connected to the piston rod end of each hydraulic cylinder (51). An adjustment ring (53) is fixedly connected between the two transmission blocks (52). A set of rotating sleeves (54) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the adjustment ring (53). A sliding sleeve (55) that is slidably connected to the nozzle (44) is fixedly connected to the outer side of each rotating sleeve (54).

2. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle plate (14) is fixedly connected to the outside of the workbench (13), and a protective net frame (15) is fixedly connected inside the circular opening of the workbench (13). Limiting sleeves (16) that are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the workbench (13) are provided on both the left and right sides of the protective net frame (15).

3. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower side of the limiting sleeve (16) is provided with a manifold assembly (6), which includes a collection box (61) located on the upper side of the base (11). A filter plate (62) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the collection box (61). Limiting ears (63) that are partially inserted into the limiting sleeve (16) are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the collection box (61). A liquid pump (64) located on the upper side of the base (11) is provided on the rear side of the collection box (61). The liquid pump (64)'s suction pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the collection box (61). The liquid pump (64)'s discharge pipe and infusion pipe (45) are fixedly connected and communicate with each other.

4. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Y-axis traveling mechanism (21) is provided with a clamping assembly (3) on the front side. The clamping assembly (3) includes a pair of limit seats (31) installed on the front half of the upper end of the worktable (13). A rotating seat (32) is rotatably connected between the limit seats (31). A first motor (33) is fixedly connected to the left side of the limit seat (31) on the left side and fixedly connected to the rotating seat (32). A motor seat (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the rotating seat (32). A second motor (35) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the motor seat (34). A pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36) is fixedly connected to the spindle of the second motor (35) and rotatably connected to the rotating seat (32). A three-jaw chuck pneumatic adjustment device (37) is provided on the rear side of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36) and bolted to the worktable (13).

5. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular diversion box (41) and multiple liquid outlets (42) are connected in series. The liquid outlets (42), flexible connecting pipes (43), and nozzles (44) are connected in sequence. The nozzles (44) are all located inside the adjusting ring (53).

6. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting ring (53) has a regular polygonal structure, the rotating sleeve (54) is circumferentially distributed, and the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (55) is equal to the outer diameter of the nozzle (44).

7. The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining control method and device for a precision engraving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-axis linkage adaptive machining device of the engraving machine can be controlled by an external controller, and the specific method is as follows: S1: Design the machining program. The staff programs the program through the computer. The computer can send the program to the external controller. The external controller can automatically adjust the Y-axis travel mechanism (21), X-axis travel mechanism (23), Z-axis travel mechanism (24), and machining head mechanism (25). S2: Preparation work, add an appropriate amount of coolant into the collection box (61), insert the limiting ear (63) into the limiting sleeve (16), place the workpiece to be processed on the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36), adjust the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36) through the pneumatic adjustment device (37), and the workpiece to be processed can be stably clamped by the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36); S3: The position of the machining head mechanism (25) is adjusted by the Y-axis travel mechanism (21), X-axis travel mechanism (23), and Z-axis travel mechanism (24). The high-speed rotating head of the machining head mechanism (25) can perform fine carving on the workpiece. If more complex machining is required, the first motor (33) can drive the rotating seat (32) to rotate, and the second motor (35) can drive the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (36) to rotate, thereby adjusting the posture of the workpiece. S4: During the processing, the external controller can adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder (51), which drives the transmission block (52), the adjusting ring (53) and the rotating sleeve (54) to move up and down. At this time, the rotating sleeve (54) will rotate relative to the adjusting ring (53) and the sliding sleeve (55) will slide relative to the nozzle (44), which can change the tilt angle of the nozzle (44). At the same time, the liquid pump (64) can suck away the coolant in the collection box (61). The coolant is transported through the delivery pipe (45), the annular distribution box (41) and the outlet (42), and dispersed through the flexible connection pipe (43) and the nozzle (44). By adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzle (44), multiple nozzles (44) can accurately spray the coolant from the outside of the cutting head of the processing head mechanism (25) to the processing point, preventing the coolant from being sprayed too dispersed. S5: The coolant carries the processing debris onto the workbench (13), and then through the protective net frame (15) into the collection box (61). The processing debris is intercepted by the filter plate (62), and the coolant falls to the bottom of the collection box (61) and mixes with the rest of the coolant, so that the coolant can be recycled.

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