Axle box end cover of bogie of urban rail vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an axle box end cover of an urban rail vehicle bogie, and relates to the technical field of rail transit, the axle box end cover comprises an axle box and an end cover, and the end cover is provided with a sealing assembly; according to the sealing assembly in the device, through the multiple transverse plates annularly and evenly distributed on the end cover, when a low-temperature environment is encountered, the transverse plates evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are pressed and locked, the arc-shaped pressurizing plate is driven to conduct radial compression compensation on the contracted sealing ring, and then adjustment of radial pressure on the outer side of the sealing ring can be achieved; when the environment temperature rises again, locking of the transverse plate can be relieved, the sealing ring can be restored to be in a free state, reversible adjustment along with environment changes is achieved, and the problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that an end cover is opened to replace a low-temperature special sealing ring, components in the axle box are polluted by impurities in air is solved. Therefore, the device improves the long-term service life and reliability of parts such as the bearing in the axle box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and more specifically, to an axle box end cover for a bogie of an urban rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The axle box end cover of the urban rail vehicle bogie is a sealing and protective component installed at the end of the axle box body. Its function is to seal the internal space of the axle box, protect the bearings and other components inside the axle box from external dust, rainwater and other contaminants, and prevent internal grease leakage. It is usually fastened with bolts and fits tightly with the axle box to ensure that the bearings operate in a stable environment. In existing technologies, static sealing is achieved by setting a sealing ring on the end cover. However, the performance of the sealing ring is significantly affected by the ambient temperature. In extremely cold environments, the rubber will shrink, resulting in a reduction in the interference fit between the rubber and the mating surface, which in turn causes the seal to fail. In cold weather, the traditional method is to open the axle box end cover, remove the original standard sealing ring, and replace it with a low-temperature special rubber ring. This method involves cumbersome operation steps, including end cover removal, old ring removal, contact surface cleaning, new ring installation, and end cover resetting and tightening. In addition, during the process of opening the end cover, dust, moisture and other impurities in the external environment will enter the axle box, contaminating the bearing and its grease, reducing the service life and operational reliability of the axial internal components. Furthermore, existing technologies typically involve setting a tilting coil spring between the axle box and the bogie. The core function of the coil spring is to bear vertical loads. When bearing vertical loads, the upper and lower ends of the coil spring are relatively fixed. When the vehicle passes through a curve, the wheelset will move laterally, which will force the spring to tilt and deform. The elastic component generated by the tilting deformation achieves lateral constraint on the axle and wheelset. However, since this method does not have a separate lateral support component, it cannot provide sufficient elastic constraint during the vehicle's curve travel, resulting in a weak ability to suppress serpentine motion and reducing the running stability of urban rail vehicles. In addition, urban rail vehicles undergo daily quick inspections at the depot. During these inspections, staff only visually and physically check the axle boxes and do not open the end covers to inspect the interior. If the bearings inside the axle box are damaged, causing the axle wheelset to shift beyond the preset range, this can only be detected during periodic inspections (i.e., periodically opening the end covers to inspect the bearings and other components inside the axle box). This makes it impossible to detect sudden faults occurring during the inspection intervals, meaning that damage to components inside the axle box cannot be detected in time. Consequently, the vehicle continues to operate with potential hazards, and may even derail.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the inventors proposed an end cover for the axle box of a bogie for urban rail vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, an axle box end cover for a bogie of an urban rail vehicle is provided. This technical solution solves the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention can be implemented using the following technical solutions: This invention provides an axle box end cover for a bogie of an urban rail vehicle, comprising an axle box and an annular end cover. The axle box has a mating hole, and an axle wheel pair is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the mating hole. The end cover is detachably connected to the axle box. The end cap is provided with a sealing assembly, which includes a fixing plate, a sealing ring, and a mating ring. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the end cap, and the sealing ring and the mating ring are fixedly connected to the end of the fixing plate. The end cap has four rectangular cavities equidistantly arranged in annular shape. A horizontal plate and a vertical plate are slidably connected in each rectangular cavity. A spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected in each rectangular cavity. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of each horizontal plate. Each connecting plate is rotatably connected to the adjacent vertical plate. An arc-shaped pressure plate is fixedly connected to the end of each vertical plate. The sealing assembly includes an operating ring, which has four square grooves equidistantly spaced around it, and two threaded seats are symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0005] Preferably, each of the horizontal plates has a protruding plate 1 fixedly connected to its outer wall, each of the vertical plates has a protruding plate 2 fixedly connected to its outer wall, and each of the spring telescopic rods is fixedly connected to the adjacent horizontal plate.

[0006] Preferably, the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the mating ring, and each of the arc-shaped pressure plates is adapted to the outer ring surface of the sealing ring.

[0007] Preferably, the operating ring is detachably connected to two threaded seats, and each of the square grooves is adapted to and corresponds to the cross plate.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed plate is provided with a support assembly, which includes a T-shaped rod and a movable block. The T-shaped rod is composed of a horizontal round rod and a disc seat. The horizontal round rod of the T-shaped rod is slidably connected to the fixed plate. A first joint is rotatably connected to the end of the T-shaped rod. An insertion hole is provided on the movable block. A disc spring is fixedly connected between the disc seat of the T-shaped rod and the fixed plate. A second joint is rotatably connected to the end of the axle wheelset.

[0009] Preferably, a magnet is provided at the end of the T-shaped rod, an iron block is provided on the outer wall of the moving block, and beveled teeth are provided on both the second connector and the first connector, with the second connector being compatible with the first connector.

[0010] Preferably, the fixed plate is provided with a prompting component, which includes an L-shaped block. The L-shaped block is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The L-shaped block has a vertical groove and a moving groove inside. A protective cover is snapped onto the top of the L-shaped block. A beveled block is slidably connected in the vertical groove. The bottom of the beveled block is adapted to the insertion hole. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the beveled block. A pull plate is fixedly connected to the top of the beveled block. Two small springs are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit plate.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical groove is connected to the moving groove, the upper part of the vertical groove is slidably adapted to the pull plate, the middle part of the vertical groove is slidably adapted to the limiting plate, the lower part of the vertical groove is slidably adapted to the oblique cutting block, and the two small springs are fixedly connected to the vertical groove.

[0012] Preferably, the movable block is slidably connected to the movable groove, and the outer wall of the L-shaped block is provided with a transparent observation window.

[0013] As described above, the advantages of this invention are: The sealing assembly in this device utilizes multiple circumferentially distributed horizontal plates on the end cover. In low-temperature environments, pressing and locking these plates drives an arc-shaped pressure plate to radially compress and compensate for the shrinking sealing ring. This allows for adjustment of the radial pressure outside the sealing ring, restoring the contact pressure between the sealing ring and the contact surface. When the ambient temperature rises, the horizontal plates can be released, allowing the sealing ring to return to its free state, achieving reversible adjustment in response to environmental changes. This solves the problem in existing technologies where opening the end cover to replace the low-temperature sealing ring leads to contamination of internal components of the axle box by airborne impurities, thus improving the long-term service life and reliability of bearings and other components within the axle box.

[0014] The support component in this device forms a lateral elastic constraint channel by directly integrating a disc spring between the end cover and the axle wheelset. It cooperates with connector one and connector two. When the axle wheelset undergoes lateral displacement or serpentine movement, the disc spring on the T-shaped rod is compressed, generating a lateral buffer support force. The lateral buffer support force coincides with the axis of the axle wheelset, directly providing lateral elastic constraint to the axle wheelset. This effectively suppresses the tendency to become unstable during serpentine movement at high speeds, solves the problem of insufficient lateral constraint formed by the axle wheelset in the prior art caused by the elastic component force generated by the tilting deformation of the coil spring, and improves the stability of the vehicle during serpentine movement and the lateral smoothness when passing through curves.

[0015] The indicator component in this device works in conjunction with the support component. A movable block is magnetically attracted to one end of a T-shaped rod. If, even with the support component in place, the axle wheelset still exhibits lateral displacement exceeding a preset range, it indicates damage to the bearings or wheelset within the axle box. In this case, the movable block is pushed and locked by a diagonal block. When the urban rail vehicle returns to the depot for a quick inspection each day, staff can promptly detect the red movable block through the transparent observation window, allowing for timely opening of the end cover for repairs. This prevents the vehicle from climbing onto the rails or even derailing during subsequent travel. This solves the problem in existing technologies where manual periodic opening of the end cover for axle box inspection fails to detect sudden malfunctions of internal components during inspection intervals, thus improving the operational safety of urban rail vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the docking hole and end cap components shown in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixing plate and cross plate components shown in this invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sealing ring and related components of the rectangular cavity shown in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the interior of the rectangular cavity shown in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the operating ring and related components of the square groove shown in this invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the operating ring and related components of the threaded seat shown in this invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the T-shaped rod and related components of the disc spring shown in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the axle wheelset and joint components shown in this invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the T-shaped rod and related components of the moving block shown in this invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical groove and the moving groove components shown in this invention; Figure 12 This is an exploded three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical groove and oblique cut block shown in this invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the appendix of this invention are as follows: 1. Axle box; 21. Mud joint hole; 22. Axle wheelset; 3. End cover; Sealing components: 41. Fixing plate; 42. Sealing ring; 43. Butt ring; 44. Rectangular cavity; 45. Horizontal plate; 4501. Convex plate one; 46. Vertical plate; 4601. Convex plate two; 47. Spring telescopic rod; 48. Connecting plate; 49. Arc-shaped pressure plate; 410. Operating ring; 411. Square groove; 412. Threaded seat; Support components: 51. T-shaped rod; 52. Connector 1; 53. Moving block; 54. Insertion hole; 55. Disc spring; 56. Connector 2; Prompt components: 61. L-shaped block; 62. Vertical groove; 63. Moving groove; 64. Protective cover; 65. Beveled block; 66. Limiting plate; 67. Pull plate; 68. Small spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below: A type of axle box end cover for a bogie of an urban rail vehicle, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an axle box 1 and an annular end cover 3. The surface of the axle box 1 is provided with a mating hole 21. An axle wheel pair 22 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the mating hole 21. The end cover 3 is detachably connected to the axle box 1 by bolts. The axle box 1, the mating hole 21, the axle wheel pair 22 and the end cover 3 are all existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here. like Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 8As shown, a sealing assembly is provided on the end cover 3. The sealing assembly includes a fixing plate 41, a sealing ring 42, and a mating ring 43. The fixing plate 41 is fixedly connected to the inner annular surface of the end cover 3. The sealing ring 42 and the mating ring 43 are fixedly connected to the ends of the fixing plate 41. The width of the mating ring 43 is greater than that of the sealing ring 42. The sealing ring 42 and the mating ring 43 are both located on the side of the fixing plate 41 near the shaft box 1, and the sealing ring 42 is located outside the mating ring 43. Four rectangular cavities 44 are equidistantly arranged in an annular shape inside the end cover 3. A horizontal plate 45 is slidably connected in each rectangular cavity 44. Each horizontal plate 45 extends through a nearby rectangular cavity 44 to the side of the end cover 3 away from the axle box 1. Each vertical plate 46 extends through a nearby rectangular cavity 44 to the side of the end cover 3 facing the center. A spring telescopic rod 47 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each rectangular cavity 44. Each spring telescopic rod 47 and the nearby horizontal plate 45 are located on the same axis. A connecting plate 48 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of each horizontal plate 45 inside the rectangular cavity 44. An arc-shaped pressure plate 49 is fixedly connected to the end of each vertical plate 46 away from the nearest spring telescopic rod 47.

[0020] like Figure 6 As shown, the sealing assembly also includes an operating ring 410. The operating ring 410 has four square grooves 411 equidistantly spaced on the side near the end cover 3. Two threaded seats 412 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing plate 41 on the side away from the end cover 3.

[0021] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, each horizontal plate 45 has a protruding plate 4501 fixedly connected to its outer wall. Each protruding plate 4501 is located inside the adjacent rectangular cavity 44 and abuts against the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 44. Each vertical plate 46 has a protruding plate 4601 fixedly connected to its outer wall. Each protruding plate 4601 is located inside the adjacent rectangular cavity 44. The telescopic end of each spring telescopic rod 47 is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent horizontal plate 45. Each connecting plate 48 is rotatably connected to the adjacent vertical plate 46.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 42 is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the mating ring 43, and each arc-shaped pressure plate 49 is adapted to the outer ring surface of the sealing ring 42, with the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 fitting against the outer ring surface of the sealing ring 42.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the operating ring 410 is detachably connected to the two threaded seats 412 by bolts, and each square groove 411 is adapted to and corresponds to the horizontal plate 45.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, a support assembly is provided on the fixed plate 41. The support assembly includes a T-shaped rod 51 and a moving block 53. The T-shaped rod 51 consists of a horizontal round rod and a disc seat fixed to the end of the horizontal round rod. The horizontal round rod in the T-shaped rod 51 passes through the center of the fixed plate 41 and is slidably connected to it. The disc seat at the end of the horizontal round rod is located at one end near the axle box 1. A connector 52 is rotatably connected to the end of the T-shaped rod 51 near the disc seat. An insertion hole 54 is opened on the upper surface of the moving block 53. A disc spring 55 is fixedly connected between the disc seat in the T-shaped rod 51 and the fixed plate 41. The disc spring 55 is sleeved on the outside of the horizontal round rod in the T-shaped rod 51. A connector 56 is rotatably connected to the end of the axle wheel pair 22. The connector 52 and the connector 56 are located on the same axis.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a magnet is provided at one end of the T-shaped rod 51 near the moving block 53, and an iron block is provided on the side of the moving block 53 near the T-shaped rod 51. Through the magnetic attraction between the magnet and the iron block, the moving block 53 and the T-shaped rod 51 are made to fit together. The end of the second connector 56 away from the axle wheel pair 22 and the end of the first connector 52 away from the T-shaped rod 51 are both provided with beveled teeth. The second connector 56 is compatible with the first connector 52. When the first connector 52 and the second connector 56 approach each other and abut, the beveled teeth can make the first connector 52 and the second connector 56 automatically connect and mesh.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, a prompting component is provided on the fixed plate 41. The prompting component includes an L-shaped block 61, which is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 41 where a threaded seat 412 is provided. The L-shaped block 61 has a vertical groove 62 and a moving groove 63 inside. The vertical groove 62 is located above one end of the moving groove 63 and is connected to the interior of the moving groove 63. A protective cover 64 is snapped onto the L-shaped block 61 and is located directly above the vertical groove 62. A beveled block 65 is vertically slidably connected inside the vertical groove 62. The bottom of the beveled block 65 is adapted to the insertion hole 54. A limit plate 66 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the beveled block 65. A pull plate 67 is fixedly connected to the top of the beveled block 65, that is, the end of the beveled block 65 close to the protective cover 64. Two small springs 68 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit plate 66, and both small springs 68 are located inside the vertical groove 62.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 12As shown, the vertical groove 62 is connected to the moving groove 63. The upper part of the vertical groove 62 is slidably adapted to the pull plate 67. Part of the pull plate 67 extends out of the vertical groove 62. The middle part of the vertical groove 62 is slidably adapted to the limiting plate 66. The limiting plate 66 is located inside the vertical groove 62. The lower part of the vertical groove 62 is slidably adapted to the oblique cutting block 65. The oblique cutting block 65 with the oblique surface extends out of the vertical groove 62 and enters the moving groove 63 below. The ends of the two small springs 68 away from the limiting plate 66 are fixedly connected to the vertical groove 62.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the movable block 53 is slidably connected to the movable groove 63. The movable block 53 is red. The outer wall of the L-shaped block 61 is provided with a transparent observation window. The staff can view the position of the movable block 53 on the movable groove 63 through the transparent observation window.

[0029] During work: This device can improve the stability of urban rail vehicles when traveling on curves. The detailed steps are as follows: First, install the end cover 3 and the axle box 1. Align the mating ring 43 on the fixing plate 41 with the mating hole 21 and insert it into the mating hole 21. Then, fix the end cover 3 to the outer wall of the axle box 1 with bolts. At this time, the sealing ring 42 comes into contact with the outer wall of the axle box 1 due to the compression between the fixing plate 41 and the axle box 1, thereby sealing the bearing in the mating hole 21.

[0030] During the insertion of the docking ring 43 into the docking hole 21, since both connector 1 52 and connector 2 56 are in a free-rotating state, connector 1 52 and connector 2 56 automatically align and mesh tightly through the engagement of the inclined teeth. During the curved travel of the urban rail vehicle, if the axle wheelset 22 experiences a small lateral displacement, the axle wheelset 22 and connector 2 56 will compress connector 1 52, causing the T-shaped rod 51 to move laterally away from the axle wheelset 22. During this process, the disc spring 55 will be compressed by the disc seat in the T-shaped rod 51, generating a lateral buffer support force. The lateral buffer support force generated by the disc spring 55 will act on the axle wheelset 22, providing lateral elastic constraint and support to maintain the stability of the axle wheelset 22 during travel.

[0031] If the axle wheelset 22 undergoes a large lateral displacement, the lateral buffer support force generated by the disc spring 55 will also increase, thereby preventing the lateral movement of the axle wheelset 22 from exceeding the preset range. In this way, the stability of the urban rail vehicle when traveling on a curve can be guaranteed.

[0032] In the above process, the support component in this device forms a lateral elastic constraint channel by directly integrating the disc spring 55 between the end cover 3 and the axle wheel pair 22, and cooperates with the first connector 52 and the second connector 56. When the axle wheel pair 22 undergoes lateral displacement or serpentine movement, the disc spring 55 on the T-shaped rod 51 is compressed, generating a lateral buffer support force. The lateral buffer support force coincides with the axis of the axle wheel pair 22, directly providing lateral elastic constraint for the axle wheel pair 22, effectively suppressing the tendency of instability in serpentine movement at high speed, and solving the problem in the prior art where the elastic component force generated by the tilting deformation of the coil spring is insufficient to form a lateral constraint on the axle wheel pair 22, thereby improving the stability of the vehicle during serpentine movement and the lateral stability when passing through curves.

[0033] This device can promptly alert operators to perform maintenance, preventing the vehicle from derailing during subsequent operation. The detailed steps are as follows: When the axle wheelset 22 undergoes lateral displacement, it pushes the T-shaped rod 51 and the moving block 53, causing the moving block 53 to move laterally along the moving groove 63 towards the side closer to the oblique cut block 65. During the movement of the moving block 53 along the moving groove 63, the moving block 53 pushes against the inclined surface of the oblique cut block 65, causing the oblique cut block 65, the limiting plate 66, and the pull plate 67 to move vertically upward along the vertical groove 62. During this process, the limiting plate 66 compresses the two small springs 68, causing the two small springs 68 to be gradually compressed. When the lateral displacement of the axle wheelset 22 does not reach the preset displacement threshold, after the axle wheelset 22 returns to its normal posture, the disc seat of the T-shaped rod 51 returns to its initial posture under the action of the disc spring 55. At the same time, the T-shaped rod 51 will also drive the moving block 53 to move towards the axle wheelset 22 through magnetic attraction, and the oblique cut block 65 will also reset under the action of the small springs 68.

[0034] During the lateral movement of the moving block 53, when the bottom surface of the beveled block 65 rises to be flush with the top surface of the moving block 53, the beveled block 65 stops moving upward. When the insertion hole 54 moves directly below the beveled block 65, the beveled block 65 will be inserted into the insertion hole 54 under the action of the spring 68 returning to its original position, thereby limiting and locking the moving block 53, causing the moving block 53 to disengage from the T-shaped rod 51. At this time, the moving block 53 is located at the position of the transparent observation window.

[0035] If, with the support assembly in place, the insertion hole 54 on the surface of the moving block 53 moves directly below the oblique block 65, and the oblique block 65 enters the insertion hole 54 and fixes it in place, it indicates that the wheel on the axle wheelset 22 is in contact with the rail, and the lateral displacement of the axle wheelset 22 has exceeded the maximum range of normal operation. That is, even though the support assembly is in place and the axle wheelset 22 has been elastically constrained by the disc spring 55, the lateral displacement of the axle wheelset 22 still exceeds the preset range, indicating that the bearing or the axle wheelset 22 has been damaged. If it continues to operate for a long time, the urban rail vehicle may experience rail climbing or even derailment.

[0036] When the urban rail vehicles return to the depot for daily inspection, staff can observe the position of the moving block 53 in the moving groove 63 through the transparent observation window set on the outer wall of the L-shaped block 61. If the red moving block 53 is seen, it indicates that the bearing in this axle box or the axle wheel pair 22 has been damaged, causing the axle wheel pair 22 to move laterally beyond the preset range, and the end cover 3 needs to be removed for repair.

[0037] After maintenance is completed, the staff removes the protective cover 64 and pulls out the pull plate 67. By pulling the pull plate 67, the oblique cutting block 65 and the limiting plate 66 move vertically upward along the vertical groove 62. The bottom of the oblique cutting block 65 disengages from the insertion hole 54. At this time, the moving block 53 is unlocked. Then, under the action of the disc spring 55, the moving block 53 moves along the moving groove 63 towards the side closer to the T-shaped rod 51. Under the attraction between the magnet on the moving block 53 and the iron block on the T-shaped rod 51, the moving block 53 is reset, that is, the moving block 53 re-attaches to the T-shaped rod 51. After the moving block 53 re-attaches to the T-shaped rod 51, the pull plate 67 is released, and the oblique cutting block 65 returns to its initial position under the action of the small spring 68. Then the protective cover 64 can be inserted back and the end cover 3 can be reinstalled so that the urban rail vehicle can run normally.

[0038] In the above process, the prompting component in this device, in cooperation with the support component, magnetically attracts the moving block 53 at one end of the T-shaped rod 51. If, with the support component in place, the axle wheel pair 22 still experiences lateral displacement exceeding the preset range, it indicates that the bearing in the axle box 1 or the axle wheel pair 22 is damaged. In this case, the moving block 53 will be pushed and locked by the oblique cut block 65. When the urban rail vehicle returns to the depot for a quick inspection every day, the staff can promptly spot the red moving block 53 through the transparent observation window and open the end cover 3 for maintenance in a timely manner, preventing the vehicle from climbing the rail or even derailing during subsequent travel. This solves the problem in the prior art where manual periodic opening of the end cover 3 to inspect the inside of the axle box 1 fails to detect sudden malfunctions of components inside the axle box 1 during the inspection interval, thus improving the driving safety of urban rail vehicles.

[0039] This device can enhance the sealing performance of the sealing ring 42 in low-temperature weather. The detailed steps are as follows: When encountering extremely low temperatures, the sealing ring 42 will shrink due to the low temperature, narrowing the width of the entire sealing ring 42. This reduces the contact pressure between the sealing ring 42 and the contact surface of the shaft box 1, thereby reducing the sealing performance. At this time, the operator can align the four square slots 411 on the operating ring 410 with the four horizontal plates 45 one by one, so that each horizontal plate 45 is inserted into the adjacent square slot 411. Then, push the operating ring 410 towards the side closer to the fixed plate 41, so that the operating ring 410 pushes the horizontal plate 45 to move laterally until the operating ring 410 abuts against the threaded seat 412. At this point, the operating ring 410 can no longer be pushed.

[0040] During the process of the operating ring 410 pushing the horizontal plate 45 to move laterally, the spring telescopic rod 47 is squeezed by the horizontal plate 45 and gradually compressed. At the same time, the horizontal plate 45, through the connecting plate 48, causes the vertical plate 46 to move away from the spring telescopic rod 47. The vertical plate 46 drives the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 to move together, so that all four arc-shaped pressure plates 49 apply radial pressure to the sealing ring 42. By squeezing, the sealing ring 42 is squeezed flatter, and the width of the sealing ring 42 will correspondingly widen to compensate for the contraction of the sealing ring 42 at low temperature and restore the contact pressure between the sealing ring 42 and the contact surface of the shaft box 1.

[0041] Until the operating ring 410 contacts the threaded seat 412, the second convex plate 4601 contacts the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 44, and the vertical plate 46 reaches the maximum displacement position. Then, tighten the two bolts that fix the operating ring 410 to complete the fixation between the operating ring 410 and the threaded seat 412, so that the horizontal plate 45, the vertical plate 46 and the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 are all kept in a stationary state, that is, to maintain the contact pressure between the sealing ring 42 and the contact surface of the shaft box 1.

[0042] When the ambient temperature returns to normal from a low temperature, the sealing ring 42 expands. At this time, the two screws fixing the operating ring 410 and the threaded seat 412 are removed, and the operating ring 410 is removed. This causes the square groove 411 on the operating ring 410 to no longer limit the horizontal plate 45. Subsequently, the spring telescopic rod 47 returns to its original position and pushes the horizontal plate 45 to move laterally away from the spring telescopic rod 47 until the horizontal plate 45 returns to its initial position, that is, the convex plate 4501 re-abuts against the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 44. At the same time, the horizontal plate 45 pulls the vertical plate 46 through the connecting plate 48, so that the vertical plate 46 and the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 move radially away from the sealing ring 42. Thus, the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 no longer applies pressure to the sealing ring 42, avoiding excessive compression of the sealing ring 42 and damage.

[0043] In the above process, the sealing component in this device, through multiple horizontal plates 45 evenly distributed in a ring on the end cover 3, when encountering a low temperature environment, presses and locks the circumferentially distributed horizontal plates 45, driving the arc-shaped pressure plate 49 to perform radial compression compensation on the contracted sealing ring 42, thereby achieving radial pressure adjustment on the outside of the sealing ring 42, so that the sealing ring 42 restores the contact pressure between the sealing ring 42 and the contact surface. When the ambient temperature rises, the horizontal plates 45 can be released to release the sealing ring 42 to return to a free state, realizing reversible adjustment with environmental changes. This solves the problem in the prior art that opening the end cover 3 to replace the low-temperature special sealing ring 42 causes the internal components of the axle box 1 to be contaminated by impurities in the air. In this way, this device improves the long-term operating life and reliability of the bearings and other components inside the axle box 1.

[0044] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axle box end cover for a bogie of an urban rail vehicle, comprising an axle box (1) and an annular end cover (3), characterized in that, The axle box (1) is provided with a docking hole (21), and an axle wheel pair (22) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the docking hole (21). The end cover (3) is detachably connected to the axle box (1). The end cap (3) is provided with a sealing assembly, which includes a fixing plate (41), a sealing ring (42) and a docking ring (43). The fixing plate (41) is fixedly connected to the end cap (3), and the sealing ring (42) and the docking ring (43) are fixedly connected to the end of the fixing plate (41). The end cap (3) has four rectangular cavities (44) equidistantly arranged in annular shape. Each rectangular cavity (44) is slidably connected with a horizontal plate (45) and a vertical plate (46). Each rectangular cavity (44) is fixedly connected with a spring telescopic rod (47). Each horizontal plate (45) is rotatably connected with a connecting plate (48) on its outer wall. Each connecting plate (48) is rotatably connected to the adjacent vertical plate (46). Each vertical plate (46) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped pressure plate (49) at its end. The sealing assembly includes an operating ring (410), which has four square grooves (411) equidistantly spaced in a ring, and two threaded seats (412) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing plate (41).

2. The axle box end cover of a bogie for urban rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the horizontal plates (45) has a protruding plate 1 (4501) fixedly connected to its outer wall, and each of the vertical plates (46) has a protruding plate 2 (4601) fixedly connected to its outer wall. Each of the spring telescopic rods (47) is fixedly connected to the adjacent horizontal plate (45).

3. The axle box end cover of a bogie for urban rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing ring (42) is fixedly connected to the docking ring (43), and each of the arc-shaped pressure plates (49) is adapted to the outer ring surface of the sealing ring (42).

4. The axle box end cover of a bogie for urban rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating ring (410) is detachably connected to two threaded seats (412), and each of the square grooves (411) is adapted to and corresponds to the cross plate (45).

5. The axle box end cover of a bogie for urban rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed plate (41) is provided with a support assembly, which includes a T-shaped rod (51) and a moving block (53). The T-shaped rod (51) is composed of a horizontal round rod and a disc seat. The horizontal round rod in the T-shaped rod (51) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (41). The end of the T-shaped rod (51) is rotatably connected to a connector (52). The moving block (53) is provided with an insertion hole (54). The disc seat in the T-shaped rod (51) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (41) with a disc spring (55). The end of the axle wheel pair (22) is rotatably connected to a connector (56).

6. The axle box end cover of a bogie for an urban rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The T-shaped rod (51) is provided with a magnet at its end, the outer wall of the movable block (53) is provided with an iron block, and both the second connector (56) and the first connector (52) are provided with beveled teeth. The second connector (56) and the first connector (52) are compatible.

7. The axle box end cover of a bogie for an urban rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed plate (41) is provided with a prompting component, which includes an L-shaped block (61). The L-shaped block (61) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (41). The L-shaped block (61) has a vertical groove (62) and a moving groove (63) inside. A protective cover (64) is snapped onto the top of the L-shaped block (61). A beveled block (65) is slidably connected in the vertical groove (62). The bottom of the beveled block (65) is adapted to the insertion hole (54). A limit plate (66) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the beveled block (65). A pull plate (67) is fixedly connected to the top of the beveled block (65). Two small springs (68) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit plate (66).

8. The axle box end cover of a bogie for an urban rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical groove (62) is connected to the moving groove (63). The upper part of the vertical groove (62) is slidably adapted to the pull plate (67). The middle part of the vertical groove (62) is slidably adapted to the limiting plate (66). The lower part of the vertical groove (62) is slidably adapted to the oblique cutting block (65). The two small springs (68) are fixedly connected to the vertical groove (62).

9. The axle box end cover of a bogie for an urban rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The movable block (53) is slidably connected to the movable groove (63), and the outer wall of the L-shaped block (61) is provided with a transparent observation window.

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