Slurry filter press capable of reducing water pollution

Abstract

The invention discloses a slurry filter press capable of reducing water pollution, and relates to the technical field of slurry filter pressing, the slurry filter press comprises a main body rack, the side part of a hydraulic unit is provided with an auxiliary force assembly used for additionally applying a rotating force when the hydraulic unit extrudes a filter pressing unit; the side part of the filter pressing unit is correspondingly provided with a multi-form separation assembly which is used for separating the filter pressing unit in a self-driven manner after the extrusion of the hydraulic unit is completed, and the multi-form separation assembly can selectively adopt a synchronous separation mode or a differential separation mode to stably transmit the rotating torque to the pressing plate; circumferential rotating force is superposed on the pressing plate on the basis of axial extrusion force of the hydraulic unit, so that on one hand, the composite acting force enables slurry in the filter chamber to be stressed more uniformly, and incomplete dehydration caused by insufficient stress of the slurry in partial areas is avoided; on the other hand, the circumferential rotating force enables the filter pressing plate group to generate tiny friction and vibration, the static adhesion state of slurry on the surface of the filter cloth is broken, and the service life of the filter cloth is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mud filter press technology, specifically to a mud filter press that can reduce water pollution. Background Technology

[0002] Existing mud filter press equipment reduces water pollution through the synergistic effect of physical pressurization and precision filtration. It is suitable for scenarios that generate polluted mud, such as building piling, tunnel excavation, and oilfield drilling, and can solve the secondary pollution problem of traditional treatment methods. The filtrate separated by the equipment can meet the discharge standards or be recycled, realizing the harmless treatment and resource recovery of mud, and significantly reducing the environmental impact of sewage discharge.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1. Compared with existing slurry filter presses, there are obvious deficiencies in the core drive and separation structure design. From the perspective of extrusion drive, the existing hydraulic unit provides a single axial extrusion force and the pressure transmission path is single, which can only act on the filter press unit along the axial direction. This design causes the slurry in the filter chamber to be subjected to only unidirectional pressure and cannot form a multi-dimensional stress state. Some viscous slurry is prone to forming "stress dead corners" inside the filter chamber, making it difficult for water to be fully discharged.

[0004] On the one hand, uniaxial compression leads to incomplete solid-liquid separation, resulting in a high moisture content in the filter cake, which increases the difficulty of subsequent treatment. At the same time, the residual amount of pollutants such as suspended particles in the filtrate increases, requiring additional water treatment to meet discharge standards and increasing environmental protection costs. On the other hand, uneven stress on the slurry can easily lead to an unbalanced distribution of the filter cake, with some areas having excessively thin or thick filter cakes. Areas with excessively thin filter cakes are prone to filter cloth damage, while areas with excessively thick filter cakes further exacerbate the problem of insufficient dehydration, creating a vicious cycle.

[0005] 2. From the perspective of the filter press plate and filtrate guiding structure, most existing filter press plates are non-circular designs, and the filtrate tanks are often rectangular or irregular in shape, and the distribution lacks symmetry. This results in slow filtrate collection speed, uneven flow resistance, and easy formation of dead corners at the edges of the tank. The residual liquid carries pollutants, which reduces filtration efficiency and increases the difficulty of subsequent cleaning.

[0006] First, uneven flow resistance of the filtrate leads to slow collection speed, and the filtrate in some areas remains for too long, making it easy for it to mix with residual impurities in the filter cake, increasing the concentration of contaminants in the filtrate. Second, the corners of rectangular channels and the recesses of irregular channels easily form dead zones for liquid accumulation, making it difficult for residual liquid to be discharged. This not only reduces filtration efficiency but also breeds contaminants on the surface of the filter press plate. After long-term use, manual disassembly and cleaning are required, increasing the workload of maintenance. Third, the combination of non-circular filter press plates and irregular filtrate tanks causes uneven stress when the filter cloth is covered, and local filter cloth is prone to leakage due to loose adhesion, further affecting the filtration effect.

[0007] 3. In the existing mud filter presses, most of the separation and filter pressing units adopt the "single drive - single transmission" mode, that is, each filter plate is pulled or pushed sequentially by a single drive source. There is a lack of synchronous drive or graded transmission structure, which makes it impossible to achieve simultaneous or graded separation of multiple filter plates. At the same time, the separation mechanism does not have an auxiliary detachment structure for mud residue, and only relies on the gravity of the filter plates themselves or simple vibration, which cannot effectively remove the residual residue attached to the plate wall and filter cloth.

[0008] Individual separation is extremely inefficient, especially when there are many filter press plates. The separation process is time-consuming, and the separation of the previous plate can easily cause compression or friction on the next plate, leading to filter cake breakage and residue, further prolonging the discharge time. Secondly, the residual sludge cannot be detached and will gradually accumulate on the surface of the filter press plates, which not only reduces the effective volume of the filter chamber and reduces the subsequent filtration volume, but also blocks the filtrate channel, increasing the resistance to filtrate flow and forming a vicious cycle of "accumulation-blockage-inefficiency". Finally, the filter press plates are subjected to concentrated force during individual separation, which can easily cause the plates to tilt or get stuck, requiring manual intervention and adjustment, increasing the complexity of operation and safety risks.

[0009] The prolonged process of individual separation and manual intervention leads to an extended overall processing cycle and a decrease in throughput per unit time, making it unsuitable for large-scale sludge treatment scenarios. Furthermore, the accumulation of residual sludge requires frequent shutdowns for cleaning, resulting in a large workload for manual cleaning. Additionally, the tilting of the filter press plates caused by jamming may damage components, increasing maintenance and replacement costs. In terms of processing quality, the reduced filter chamber volume and clogging of the filtrate tank further reduce the solid-liquid separation effect of subsequent filtration, making it impossible to guarantee the quality of both filtrate and filter cake, thus affecting subsequent resource utilization or discharge requirements.

[0010] Therefore, in view of this, the present invention proposes a slurry filter press that can reduce water pollution in order to make up for and improve the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a mud filter press that can reduce water pollution, thereby resolving the technical issues raised in the background section.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a slurry filter press that can reduce water pollution, used for solid-liquid separation of slurry, including a main frame, a filter press unit assembled inside the main frame, a hydraulic unit assembled on the side wall of the filter press unit, an auxiliary force component for applying additional rotational force when the hydraulic unit squeezes the filter press unit on the side, and a multi-form separation component for self-driving separation of the filter press unit after the hydraulic unit has finished squeezing, and the multi-form separation component can selectively adopt a synchronous separation mode or a differential separation mode: the synchronous separation mode ensures that the slurry cake falls off as a whole; the differential separation mode adapts to the separation requirements of slurry cakes of different viscosities through spacing control, and both modes can ensure discharge efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the filter press unit is composed of several filter press plates. During operation, the filter press plates are tightly fitted together to form a closed filter chamber. Each filter press plate has a circular filtrate groove on its surface. The filtrate groove is radially distributed with the center of the filter press plate as the origin, which ensures rapid collection of the permeated filtrate. In addition, the overall circular design of the filter press plate ensures more uniform resistance to filtrate flow.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic unit includes a hydraulic cylinder that provides driving force. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a pressing plate adapted to the filter press unit. The side of the hydraulic unit closer to the filter press unit is the hydraulic head end, and the side farther away from the filter press unit is the hydraulic tail end. During operation, the hydraulic cylinder converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the pressing plate to apply axial pressure to the filter press unit from the hydraulic head end. After filtration is completed, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing plate to retract to its original position, releasing the pressure on the filter press unit and providing space for subsequent filter cake separation operations.

[0015] Furthermore, the auxiliary force assembly includes a drive turntable rotatably connected to the surface of the hydraulic cylinder. The drive turntable and the pressure plate are sealed together. A sleeve rail is uniformly fixedly connected to the surface of the drive turntable. Ball bearings are uniformly installed inside the sleeve rail. The convex surface of the ball bearings is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure plate. The drive turntable is electrically controlled to ensure that the rotational torque is transmitted to the pressure plate, so that the pressure plate is subjected to circumferential rotational force while the hydraulic unit provides axial compressive force.

[0016] Furthermore, the multi-form separation component includes drive motors symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the main frame. The output ends of the drive motors are all fixedly connected to threaded shafts. The outer wall of the threaded shafts has nut collar shafts distributed axially in a number equal to the number of filter plates, and the threaded shafts and nut collar shafts form a ball screw structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer wall of the threaded shaft is provided with continuous and consistent unidirectional threaded grooves. Taking the hydraulic tail end of the hydraulic unit as the starting end and the hydraulic head end as the ending end, the pitch density of the threaded grooves on the outer wall of the threaded shaft increases sequentially in this direction. That is, the spacing of the threaded grooves gradually increases from the hydraulic tail end to the hydraulic head end, so that different shaft segments of the threaded shaft form transmission areas with different pitch densities.

[0018] Furthermore, the side walls of the nut collar shaft are all fitted with base collars, and the outer walls of the base collars are all fixedly connected with protruding plates. A long strip plate is installed below the base collar, and the long strip plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main frame. The upper surface of the long strip plate is uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions along the length direction. The protrusions on the surface of the long strip plate are all located on the movement path of the protruding plates on the outer wall of the base collar, forming a corresponding mating relationship between the protruding plates and the protrusions.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the base collars is fixedly connected to an elastic flexible shaft on the side away from the nut collar shaft. The end of the elastic flexible shaft away from the base collar is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding filter press plate. A protective shell is installed on the side wall of the main frame at the position corresponding to the threaded shaft. The protective shell covers the threaded shaft in a semi-circular manner.

[0020] Furthermore, the multi-form separation assembly also includes drive cylinders symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame. Each drive cylinder has an assembly shaft installed at its output end. The end of the assembly shaft away from the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to a pull-button connecting plate assembly. The side wall of the pull-button connecting plate assembly is fixedly connected to a number of cylindrical shafts equal to the number of filter plates. The end of the cylindrical shaft away from the pull-button connecting plate assembly is fixedly connected to the corresponding filter plate. Elastic soft cables are fixedly connected between the outer wall gaps of adjacent cylindrical shafts.

[0021] Furthermore, the pull-button connecting plate assembly is formed by a number of pull-buttons equal to the number of filter plates. The pull-buttons at both ends of the pull-button connecting plate assembly have an obliquely symmetrical L-shaped structure, and the pull-buttons in the middle have an obliquely symmetrical C-shaped structure. A gap is reserved between each pull-button.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) This device transmits the rotational torque to the clamping plate stably through the auxiliary force component, so that the clamping plate is superimposed with the circumferential rotational force on the basis of the axial extrusion force of the hydraulic unit. On the one hand, the combined force makes the mud in the filter chamber more uniformly stressed, effectively eliminating the "stress dead angle", avoiding incomplete dewatering of mud in some areas due to insufficient force, and reducing the residue of pollutants such as suspended particles in the filtrate. On the other hand, the circumferential rotational force causes the filter plate assembly to generate micro-friction and vibration, breaking the static adhesion state of mud on the surface of the filter cloth, preventing viscous mud from clogging the filter cloth pores, extending the service life of the filter cloth, and reducing the frequency of downtime cleaning due to filter cloth clogging, ensuring the continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0023] The circular filtrate tanks are radially distributed around the center of the filter press plate, working in tandem with the rotational pressure of the auxiliary force components to further optimize the filtration effect. The circumferential rotational force from the auxiliary force components creates a slight circulation of the filtrate on the surface of the filter press plate, and the radially arranged circular filtrate tanks perfectly follow this flow trend, significantly reducing the flow resistance of the filtrate, accelerating the filtrate collection speed, and preventing the filtrate from remaining on the plate surface for a long time. At the same time, the round filtrate tanks, with their lack of sharp edges, eliminate the dead corners that are prone to forming in traditional rectangular channels, reducing the possibility of residual liquid carrying contaminants. This not only improves the cleanliness of the filtrate but also reduces the difficulty of subsequent filter press plate cleaning. This combination also allows the filtrate to penetrate the channels more evenly, avoiding channel blockage caused by excessive local filtrate, ensuring a continuous and smooth filtration process. Compared with single axial compression, this significantly shortens the single filtration cycle and improves the overall processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] (2) For multi-form separation components, the drive motor and the threaded shaft and other structures realize the synchronous separation mode. The bidirectional drive characteristics of the drive motor can flexibly control the forward and reverse rotation of the threaded shaft. Combined with the design of the threaded shaft with the pitch density gradually increasing from the hydraulic tail end to the hydraulic head end, all filter plates start moving synchronously. Due to the pitch difference of the threaded shaft section where the corresponding nut collar shaft is located, a differential displacement adapted to the filter cake thickness is generated, and finally a uniform and stable spacing between adjacent filter plates is formed. This synchronous separation mode avoids the problem of low efficiency of traditional individual separation and ensures that the filter cake falls off as a whole under its own gravity and pulling force, preventing secondary cleaning caused by local filter cake residue. In addition, the filter plates move smoothly during synchronous separation, reducing the impact on the filter cloth and filter plates, extending the service life of components and reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0025] During actual operation, when the convex plate on the outer wall of the base collar moves to the convex point of the long strip plate along with the nut collar shaft, the two undergo elastic collision, generating a small impact force. The vibration is transmitted to the filter press plate through the elastic flexible shaft. The periodic elastic collision vibration can effectively break the adhesion between the residual mud and sludge on the surface of the filter press plate and the plate body, causing the residual sludge to fall off with the vibration, avoiding clogging of the filtrate tank and affecting the next filtration, or increasing the cleaning difficulty due to the hardening of the residual sludge. At the same time, the vibration is transmitted to the surface of the filter cloth, which can loosen the adhesion between the filter cloth and the filter cake, ensuring that the filter cake is completely detached, reducing the amount of manual cleaning work, and improving the discharge efficiency.

[0026] During vibration transmission, the flexible shaft avoids vibration attenuation caused by rigid connections and buffers the impact of vibration on the main frame, preventing overall equipment shaking and ensuring stable separation. In addition, vibration reduces static friction between the filter plate and the filter cloth, making the filter plate move more smoothly in the axial direction, avoiding movement jamming caused by filter cake residue, reducing component wear, further reducing the risk of equipment failure, and ensuring efficient and orderly separation.

[0027] (3) For multi-form separation components, the drive cylinder works with the pull-button connecting plate group to achieve the differential separation mode. The drive cylinder has a simple structure and responds quickly. It does not require complex transmission control. The differential movement of the filter plate can be achieved through the differentiated structure of the pull-button connecting plate group. The gap reserved between the pull-buttons provides buffer space for the differential movement and avoids collision of the filter plate. In addition, the elastic soft cable between adjacent cylindrical shafts plays a flexible limiting role in the differential movement. It can prevent the filter plate displacement difference from being too large and causing damage, and can also help buffer vibration, ensure the separation process is stable, reduce equipment operating noise, and is suitable for the surrounding environment with noise control requirements.

[0028] During actual operation, the filter press plate moves in a step with the cylindrical shaft and the pull-button connecting plate assembly. The structural characteristics of the elastic soft cable and the gap fit of the pull-button connecting plate assembly together generate vibration, further optimizing the discharge effect. The rubber material in the middle of the elastic soft cable stretches and rebounds with the displacement difference of the filter press plate, causing the filter press plate to form longitudinal micro-vibration. This vibration can specifically clean the residual mud and sludge at the edge of the filter press plate and the folds of the filter cloth, avoiding local residues that are difficult to clean by traditional separation methods. The slight collision and friction generated by the gap between each pull of the pull-button connecting plate assembly during movement forms periodic transverse vibration, which, combined with the longitudinal vibration, more comprehensively breaks the adhesion of mud and sludge, ensuring the cleanliness of the filter press plate surface.

[0029] This dual vibration not only improves the thoroughness of filter cake detachment but also reduces filter cloth clogging and extends the filter cloth replacement cycle. At the same time, the metal material on both sides of the elastic cable ensures the connection strength and prevents the cable from breaking due to vibration, while the rubber material buffers the impact of the differential movement of the filter press plates, preventing the filter press plates from deforming due to uneven stress and maintaining the stability of the equipment structure. Compared with a single vibration method, this combined vibration is more efficient and gentler, improving discharge efficiency while minimizing wear and tear on equipment components. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary force component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of the auxiliary force component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-form separation component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of the threaded shaft structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the protrusion plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7This is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic flexible shaft in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-form separation component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar side view of the pull-tab connecting plate structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the pull-button connecting plate and the cylindrical shaft in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the elastic soft cable in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] The following components are labeled in the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Filter press unit; 21. Filter press plate; 22. Filtrate tank; 3. Hydraulic unit; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Pressing plate; 4. Auxiliary force assembly; 41. Drive turntable; 42. Sleeve rail; 43. Ball bearing; 5. Multi-form separation assembly; 51. Drive motor; 52. Threaded shaft; 53. Nut collar shaft; 54. Base collar; 55. Long strip plate; 56. Flexible shaft; 57. Protective shell; 58. Drive cylinder; 59. Assembly shaft; 510. Pull-out connecting plate assembly; 511. Cylindrical shaft; 512. Flexible cable. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the structure and working principle of the main frame 1, filter press unit 2 and hydraulic unit 3 mentioned above are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 7As shown, a slurry filter press that can reduce water pollution is used for solid-liquid separation of slurry. It includes a main frame 1, a filter press unit 2 is installed inside the main frame 1, a hydraulic unit 3 is installed on the side wall of the filter press unit 2, an auxiliary force component 4 is provided on the side of the hydraulic unit 3 to apply additional rotational force when the hydraulic unit 3 squeezes the filter press unit 2, and a multi-form separation component 5 is correspondingly provided on the side of the filter press unit 2 to self-drive and separate the filter press unit 2 after the hydraulic unit 3 has finished squeezing. The multi-form separation component 5 can selectively adopt a synchronous separation mode or a differential separation mode: the synchronous separation mode ensures that the slurry cake falls off as a whole; the differential separation mode adapts to the separation requirements of slurry cakes with different viscosities through spacing control. Both modes can ensure discharge efficiency.

[0034] It should be noted that the filter press unit 2 is composed of several filter press plates 21. During operation, the filter press plates 21 are tightly fitted together to form a closed filter chamber. Each filter press plate 21 has a circular filtrate groove 22 on its surface. The filtrate groove 22 is radially distributed with the center of the filter press plate 21 as the origin, ensuring rapid collection of the permeated filtrate. In addition, the overall circular design of the filter press plate 21 ensures more uniform filtrate flow resistance. The hydraulic unit 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 that provides driving force. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is equipped with a pressing plate 32 that is compatible with the filter press unit 2. The side of the hydraulic unit 3 closer to the filter press unit 2 is the hydraulic head end, and the side farther away from the filter press unit 2 is the hydraulic tail end. During operation, the hydraulic cylinder 31 converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the pressing plate 32 to apply axial pressure to the filter press unit 2 from the hydraulic head end. After filtration, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the pressing plate 32 to retract to its original position, releasing the pressure on the filter press unit 2 and providing space for subsequent filter cake separation.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary force assembly 4 includes a drive turntable 41 rotatably connected to the surface of the hydraulic cylinder 31. The drive turntable 41 and the pressure plate 32 are sealed together. The surface of the drive turntable 41 is uniformly fixedly connected with a sleeve rail 42. The inside of the sleeve rail 42 is uniformly installed with ball bearings 43. The convex surface of the ball bearings 43 is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure plate 32. The drive turntable 41 is electrically controlled to ensure that the rotational torque is transmitted to the pressure plate 32, so that the pressure plate 32 is superimposed with circumferential rotational force while the hydraulic unit 3 provides axial extrusion force.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 - Figure 7As shown, the multi-form separation component 5 includes drive motors 51 symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the main frame 1. The output ends of the drive motors 51 are all fixedly connected to threaded shafts 52. The outer wall of the threaded shafts 52 has nut collar shafts 53 distributed axially in the same number as the filter plates 21. The threaded shafts 52 and the nut collar shafts 53 form a ball screw structure. The outer wall of the threaded shafts 52 has continuous and consistent unidirectional threaded grooves. Taking the hydraulic tail end of the hydraulic unit 3 as the starting end and the hydraulic head end as the ending end, the pitch density of the threaded grooves on the outer wall of the threaded shafts 52 increases sequentially in this direction. That is, the spacing of the threaded grooves gradually increases from the hydraulic tail end to the hydraulic head end, so that different shaft sections of the threaded shafts 52 form transmission areas with different pitch densities.

[0037] It should be noted that the drive motor 51 is a bidirectional drive motor 51, which can rotate clockwise to a certain extent and then switch to counterclockwise rotation, thereby realizing the forward and reverse rotation switching of the output end.

[0038] It should be noted that the side walls of the nut collar shaft 53 are all equipped with base collars 54, and the outer walls of the base collars 54 are all fixedly connected with protruding plates. A long strip plate 55 is installed below the base collar 54. The long strip plate 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main frame 1, and the upper surface of the long strip plate 55 is uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions along the length direction. The protrusions on the surface of the long strip plate 55 are all located on the movement path of the protruding plate on the outer wall of the base collar 54, forming a corresponding matching relationship between the protruding plate and the protrusions. The side of the base collar 54 away from the nut collar shaft 53 is fixedly connected with an elastic flexible shaft 56. The end of the elastic flexible shaft 56 away from the base collar 54 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding filter press plate 21. A protective shell 57 is installed on the side wall of the main frame 1 at the position corresponding to the threaded shaft 52. The protective shell 57 covers the threaded shaft 52 in a semi-circular form.

[0039] Specifically, when the device enters the pressure filtration stage: First, the slurry to be treated is fed to the filter chamber inlet of the filter press unit 2 through the feeding system. Then, the hydraulic unit 3 is started, and the hydraulic cylinder 31 converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, driving the pressure plate 32 at the output end to move from the hydraulic head end toward the filter press unit 2, gradually squeezing the filter chamber formed by the splicing of several filter press plates 21 until the filter chamber reaches the preset sealing pressure. At this time, the slurry is confined in the closed filter chamber and the initial solid-liquid separation begins. The filtrate permeates through the filter cloth to the surface of the filter press plate 21.

[0040] While the hydraulic cylinder 31 continuously provides axial compressive force, the drive turntable 41 of the auxiliary force assembly 4 starts rotating via electrical control. Since the drive turntable 41 is rotatably connected to the surface of the hydraulic cylinder 31 and is sealed to the pressure plate 32, the evenly distributed rails 42 on its surface rotate synchronously with the turntable. The convex surfaces of the ball bearings 43 inside the rails 42 are tightly fitted to the inner wall of the pressure plate 32, causing them to roll under the influence of the rails 42, efficiently transmitting the rotational torque of the drive turntable 41 to the pressure plate 32. After the pressure plate 32 superimposes the circumferential rotational force on top of the axial compressive force, this combined force is transmitted through the pressure plate 32 to… The outermost filter plate 21 gradually transmits the force to the entire filter press unit 2. On the one hand, the axial force ensures that the filter chamber maintains a high pressure state, forcing the water in the slurry to quickly penetrate through the filter cloth to the circular radial filtrate grooves 22 on the surface of the filter plate 21. On the other hand, the circumferential rotational force causes the filter plates 21 to generate small circumferential vibrations and friction, breaking the "static adhesion" state of the slurry on the surface of the filter cloth, avoiding the blockage of the filter cloth pores by viscous slurry, and making the slurry in the filter chamber more uniformly stressed, reducing the problem of incomplete dehydration caused by "stress dead angles", and ultimately improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency and reducing the amount of pollutants remaining in the filtrate.

[0041] After the filter press is completed, the device enters the filter cake separation stage: By cooperating with the drive motor 51 of the multi-form separation component 5 and the threaded shaft 52, the filter press plates 21 move synchronously and form a gap: First, the hydraulic cylinder 31 runs in reverse, driving the pressing plate 32 to retract to its original position, releasing the axial compression on the filter press unit 2, and reserving space for the separation of the filter press plates 21. At this time, the filter press plates 21 are still in a tight fit, and the filter cake is attached to the filter chamber between the adjacent filter press plates 21.

[0042] Subsequently, the drive motor 51, which is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame 1, starts and drives the threaded shaft 52 to start rotating. The initial design is clockwise, but it can be set according to the separation direction. Since the threaded shaft 52 and the nut collar shaft 53 form a ball screw structure, and the number of nut collar shafts 53 corresponds one-to-one with the filter press plate 21, the rotational motion of the threaded shaft 52 is converted into the linear motion of the nut collar shaft 53 along the axial direction of the threaded shaft 52.

[0043] The key lies in the unidirectional threaded groove design on the outer wall of the threaded shaft 52. Starting from the hydraulic tail end and ending at the hydraulic head end, the thread pitch density increases sequentially. Therefore, when the threaded shaft 52 rotates, the nut collar shafts 53 in different sections experience differentiated axial displacements due to the different thread pitches of their corresponding grooves: the nut collar shaft 53 near the hydraulic tail end corresponds to the inner filter plate 21 with a smaller pitch, resulting in a shorter movement distance per unit time; the nut collar shaft 53 near the hydraulic head end corresponds to the outer filter plate 21 with a larger pitch, resulting in a longer movement distance per unit time. Since all nut collar shafts 53 move with the threaded shaft 52... The rotation is synchronized to start axial movement, that is, synchronous movement, but the displacement is different. Therefore, a fixed gap is gradually formed between adjacent nut collar shafts 53. The nut collar shafts 53 are connected to the corresponding filter press plates 21 through the base collar 54 and the elastic flexible shaft 56. Therefore, the filter press plates 21 move synchronously with the nut collar shafts 53, and a gap is formed between adjacent filter press plates 21 that is consistent with the gap between the nut collar shafts 53. This gap space is just suitable for the thickness of the filter cake, so that the filter cake can completely fall off from the filter chamber under the action of its own weight and the pulling force of separating from the filter press plates 21, avoiding filter cake residue caused by the filter press plates 21 sticking together.

[0044] During the axial movement of the filter press plate 21 along the nut collar shaft 53, vibration is generated through the engagement of the base collar 54 with the protrusions of the long plate 55. The base collar 54 on the side wall of the nut collar shaft 53 moves axially synchronously with the nut collar shaft 53. The protrusions on the outer wall of the base collar 54 move along the upper surface of the long plate 55. When the protrusions move to the protrusion position, the protrusions and the protrusions collide elastically, generating a small impact force. Since the protrusions are evenly distributed along the long plate 55, the protrusions will continuously collide with multiple protrusions during the movement, causing the base collar 54 to generate periodic longitudinal vibration. The vibration of the base collar 54 is transmitted to the corresponding filter press plate 21 through the elastic flexible shaft 56. The elastic flexible shaft 56 serves both as a connection and a vibration transmission function, avoiding vibration attenuation caused by rigid connection, so that the filter press plate 21... Simultaneous longitudinal micro-vibration during axial movement serves two purposes. First, the vibration acts on the residual sludge adhering to the surface of the filter press plate 21, breaking the adhesion between the sludge and the filter press plate 21, causing the residual sludge to fall off with the vibration, thus preventing it from clogging the filtrate tank 22 or affecting the sealing of the next filtration. Second, the vibration can further loosen the filter cake fragments that have not completely fallen off between adjacent filter press plates 21, ensuring that the filter cake is completely detached and reducing the amount of manual cleaning work. In addition, the periodic micro-vibration can also reduce the static friction between the filter press plate 21 and the filter cloth, making the filter press plate 21 move more smoothly in the axial direction and avoiding movement jamming caused by filter cake residue. At the same time, the flexibility of the elastic flexible shaft 56 can buffer the impact of vibration on the main frame 1, preventing the vibration from causing the overall shaking of the equipment and ensuring the stability of the separation process.

[0045] In this embodiment, the structure of the multi-form separation component 5, with the high-precision transmission characteristics of the drive motor 51 and the pitch gradient thread shaft 52, is more suitable for large-scale industrial scenarios with high requirements for separation accuracy and automation, and which need to process mud of various viscosities, such as pile foundation mud treatment in large-scale construction projects. In such scenarios, the daily mud processing volume is large, and the mud viscosity will fluctuate with the batch processing.

[0046] Example 2 Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 8 - Figure 11 As shown, the multi-form separation assembly 5 also includes drive cylinders 58 symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame 1. Each drive cylinder 58 has an assembly shaft 59 installed at its output end. The end of the assembly shaft 59 away from the drive cylinder 58 is fixedly connected to a pull-button connecting plate assembly 510. The side wall of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 is fixedly connected to a number of cylindrical shafts 511 equal to the number of filter plates 21. The end of the cylindrical shaft 511 away from the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 is fixedly connected to the corresponding filter plate 21. Elastic soft cables 512 are fixedly connected between the outer wall gaps of adjacent cylindrical shafts 511.

[0047] It should be noted that the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 is formed by a number of pull-buttons equal to the number of filter plates 21. The pull-buttons at both ends of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 have an obliquely symmetrical L-shaped structure, and the pull-buttons in the middle have an obliquely symmetrical C-shaped structure. A gap is reserved between each pull-button.

[0048] It should be noted that the elastic cord 512 between each pair of cylindrical shafts 511 has a rubber part in the middle and a metal part on both sides.

[0049] Specifically, the filter press stage process in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment one. After the slurry to be treated is transported to the filter chamber inlet of filter press unit 2, hydraulic unit 3 is started. Hydraulic cylinder 31 drives pressing plate 32 to apply axial pressure from the hydraulic head end to the filter chamber formed by the splicing of filter press plate 21 until the filter chamber is sealed and preliminary solid-liquid separation begins. At the same time, the drive turntable 41 of auxiliary force component 4 is electrically started to rotate, and the rotational torque is transmitted to pressing plate 32 through sleeve 42 and ball 43, so that pressing plate 32 superimposes circumferential rotational force, improving the uniformity of slurry force and solid-liquid separation efficiency. The filtrate is collected and discharged through the circular radial filtrate groove 22 on the surface of filter press plate 21. The operation process of this stage will not be described in detail.

[0050] After the filter press is completed, the device enters the filter cake separation stage: The multi-form separation component 5 uses the drive cylinder 58 as the core drive source and works with the pull-button connecting plate group 510 to realize the differential movement and spacing of the filter press plate 21: First, the hydraulic cylinder 31 runs in reverse, driving the pressing plate 32 to retract to its original position, releasing the pressure on the filter press unit 2. At this time, the filter press unit 2 is still tightly attached, and the filter cake is attached between the adjacent filter press plates 21.

[0051] Subsequently, the drive cylinder 58, symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame 1, is activated, and its output end pulls back the assembly shaft 59 to move away from the filter press unit 2. The end of the assembly shaft 59 away from the drive cylinder 58 drives the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 to move synchronously. Since the number of cylindrical shafts 511 fixed on the side wall of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 corresponds one-to-one with the filter press plates 21, and the ends of the cylindrical shafts 511 away from the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding filter press plates 21, the movement of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 drives the filter press plates 21 to begin separation through the cylindrical shafts 511.

[0052] The key lies in the structural design of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510, which is formed by a combination of pull buttons equal in number to the filter press plates 21. The pull buttons at both ends are obliquely symmetrical L-shaped structures, and the pull buttons in the middle are obliquely symmetrical C-shaped structures, with a pre-reserved gap between each pull button. When the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 moves with the assembly shaft 59, the pull buttons of different shapes generate differentiated traction force transmission due to their structural differences: the L-shaped pull buttons closer to the assembly shaft 59, being the closest, can first drive the corresponding outer filter press plate 21 to move. After the first L-shaped pull button has moved through the reserved gap, the L-shaped pull button and the middle... The C-shaped buckles make contact with each other, causing the corresponding inner filter press plate 21 to move. This process is repeated to form a differential movement of the filter press plate 21. As the buckle connecting plate assembly 510 continues to move, the differentially moving filter press plates 21 gradually form a spacing that is suitable for the filter cake thickness. Under the influence of its own gravity, the differential pulling force of the filter press plate 21, and the flexible buffering effect of the elastic soft cable 512, the filter cake completely falls out of the filter chamber. Furthermore, the spacing required for filter cakes of different viscosities can be adapted by adjusting the thrust and stroke of the drive cylinder 58, ensuring efficient filter cake removal and avoiding residue.

[0053] During the differential movement of the filter press plate 21 with the cylindrical shaft 511 and the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510, the vibration is mainly generated through the structural characteristics of the elastic soft cable 512 and the clearance fit of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510: On the one hand, because the rubber material in the middle of the elastic soft cable 512 between adjacent cylindrical shafts 511 is elastic, the rubber material part is stretched and rebounded with the displacement difference of the filter press plate 21 when the filter press plate 21 moves differentially, driving the cylindrical shaft 511 and thus causing the filter press plate 21 to generate longitudinal micro-vibration; on the other hand, the gap reserved between each pull-button of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510, during the movement of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510, the adjacent pull-buttons are subjected to... The force difference generates slight collisions and friction. This vibration is transmitted to the filter press plate 21 through the cylindrical shaft 511, causing the filter press plate 21 to move in a step while superimposed with periodic vibration. This vibration can also act on the residual mud and sludge adhering to the surface of the filter press plate 21, preventing blockage of the filtrate tank 22 or affecting the sealing of the next filter press. At the same time, the rigidity of the metal material on both sides of the elastic soft cable 512 and the elasticity of the rubber material in the middle can buffer the impact force when the filter press plate 21 moves in a step, preventing the filter press plate 21 from being damaged due to uneven force. The gap collision vibration of the pull-button connecting plate assembly 510 further improves the thoroughness of filter cake detachment, ensuring a stable and efficient separation process.

[0054] The structure of the multi-form separation component 5 in this embodiment, based on the thrust drive of the drive cylinder 58 and the differentiated structure of the pull-lock connecting plate group 510, is more suitable for small and medium-sized operation scenarios, intermittent production, or scenarios with limited equipment installation space, such as tailings mud treatment in small mines, sludge dewatering in township sewage treatment plants, and sporadic mud treatment at construction and decoration sites. In these scenarios, the amount of mud to be treated is relatively small, and the site space is compact. The drive cylinder 58 has a simple structure, occupies a small area, and is easier to install and deploy.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sludge filter press for reducing water pollution, used for solid-liquid separation of sludge, comprising a main frame (1), wherein a filter press unit (2) is assembled inside the main frame (1), and a hydraulic unit (3) is assembled on the side wall of the filter press unit (2), characterized in that: The side of the hydraulic unit (3) is provided with an auxiliary force component (4) for applying additional rotational force when the hydraulic unit (3) squeezes the filter press unit (2). The side of the filter press unit (2) is provided with a multi-form separation component (5) for self-driving separation of the filter press unit (2) after the hydraulic unit (3) has finished squeezing. The multi-form separation component (5) can selectively adopt a synchronous separation mode or a differential separation mode: the synchronous separation mode ensures that the mud cake falls off as a whole. The differential separation mode adapts to the separation requirements of mud cakes with different viscosities through spacing control, and both modes can ensure discharge efficiency.

2. The slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter press unit (2) is composed of several filter press plates (21). When working, the filter press plates (21) are tightly fitted to form a closed filter chamber. Each filter press plate (21) has a circular filtrate tank (22) on its surface. The filtrate tank (22) is radially distributed with the center of the filter press plate (21) as the origin, which ensures that the permeated filtrate is quickly collected. In addition, the overall circular design of the filter press plate (21) ensures that the filtrate flow resistance is more uniform.

3. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic unit (3) includes a hydraulic cylinder (31) that provides driving force. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) is equipped with a pressing plate (32) that is compatible with the filter press unit (2). The side of the hydraulic unit (3) closer to the filter press unit (2) is the hydraulic head end, and the side farther away from the filter press unit (2) is the hydraulic tail end. When working, the hydraulic cylinder (31) converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and drives the pressing plate (32) to apply axial pressure to the filter press unit (2) from the hydraulic head end. After filtration is completed, the hydraulic cylinder (31) drives the pressing plate (32) to retract to its original position, releasing the pressure on the filter press unit (2) and providing space for subsequent filter cake separation operations.

4. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary force component (4) includes a drive turntable (41) rotatably connected to the surface of the hydraulic cylinder (31). The drive turntable (41) and the pressure plate (32) are sealed together. The surface of the drive turntable (41) is uniformly fixedly connected with a sleeve rail (42). The inside of the sleeve rail (42) is uniformly installed with ball bearings (43). The convex surface of the ball bearings (43) is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure plate (32). The drive turntable (41) is electrically controlled to ensure that the rotational torque is transmitted to the pressure plate (32), so that the pressure plate (32) is subjected to circumferential rotational force while the hydraulic unit (3) provides axial extrusion force.

5. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-form separation component (5) includes drive motors (51) symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame (1). The output ends of the drive motors (51) are all fixedly connected to threaded shafts (52). The outer wall of the threaded shafts (52) has nut collar shafts (53) distributed along the axial direction in the same number as the filter press plates (21). The threaded shafts (52) and the nut collar shafts (53) form a ball screw structure.

6. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the threaded shaft (52) is provided with continuous and consistent unidirectional threaded grooves. With the hydraulic tail end of the hydraulic unit (3) as the starting end and the hydraulic head end as the ending end, the pitch density of the threaded grooves on the outer wall of the threaded shaft (52) increases sequentially in this direction. That is, the spacing of the threaded grooves gradually increases from the hydraulic tail end to the hydraulic head end, so that different shaft segments of the threaded shaft (52) form transmission areas with different pitch densities.

7. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sidewalls of the nut collar shaft (53) are all fitted with base collars (54), and the outer walls of the base collars (54) are all fixedly connected with protruding plates. A long strip plate (55) is installed below the base collar (54). The long strip plate (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main frame (1), and the upper surface of the long strip plate (55) is uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions along the length direction. The protrusions on the surface of the long strip plate (55) are all located on the movement path of the protruding plate on the outer wall of the base collar (54), forming a corresponding matching relationship between the protruding plate and the protrusion.

8. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 7, characterized in that: On the side of the base collar (54) away from the nut collar shaft (53), there is a fixed connection of an elastic flexible shaft (56). The end of the elastic flexible shaft (56) away from the base collar (54) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding filter plate (21). A protective shell (57) is installed on the side wall of the main frame (1) at the position corresponding to the threaded shaft (52). The protective shell (57) covers the threaded shaft (52) in a semi-circular manner.

9. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-form separation component (5) also includes drive cylinders (58) symmetrically installed on the side wall of the main frame (1). Each drive cylinder (58) has an assembly shaft (59) installed at its output end. The end of the assembly shaft (59) away from the drive cylinder (58) is fixedly connected to a pull-button connecting plate assembly (510). The side wall of the pull-button connecting plate assembly (510) is fixedly connected to a number of cylindrical shafts (511) equal to the number of filter plates (21). The end of the cylindrical shaft (511) away from the pull-button connecting plate assembly (510) is fixedly connected to the corresponding filter plate (21). Elastic soft cables (512) are fixedly connected between the outer wall gaps of adjacent cylindrical shafts (511).

10. A slurry filter press for reducing water pollution according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pull-button connecting plate group (510) is formed by a number of pull-buttons equal to the number of filter plates (21). The pull-buttons at both ends of the pull-button connecting plate group (510) are obliquely symmetrical L-shaped structures, and the pull-buttons in the middle are obliquely symmetrical C-shaped structures. A gap is reserved between each pull-button.

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