Composite root humectant for improving transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings and preparation method of composite root humectant
By combining cassava homologous extracts with Trichoderma spore powder and allicin derivatives, and designing a three-layer structure of microparticles, the problem of insufficient compatibility of existing cassava seedling root moisturizers has been solved. This has achieved efficient root promotion, disease prevention, and nutrient supply, thereby improving the transplant survival rate and growth during the seedling establishment period of cassava seedlings.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610132359.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing cassava-related root moisturizers lack specific formulations for the delicate root systems of seedlings. Their bioactive ingredients are easily deactivated, and their release rhythm is chaotic, making it difficult to effectively improve the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings and meet the needs of large-scale planting.
It uses a combination of cassava homologous extract and Trichoderma spore powder-allicin derivative to form a disease-preventing component. Combined with a customized process of low-temperature activation and targeted layered coating, it forms a three-layer structure of microparticles: the inner layer promotes root growth and prevents disease, the middle layer provides intelligent water absorption, and the outer layer chelates nutrients, which is precisely adapted to the absorption pattern of seed and seedling roots.
It significantly improves the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, ensures the growth of plants during the seedling establishment period, and solves the problems of insufficient specificity, easy inactivation of active ingredients, and chaotic release in existing technologies, thus meeting the physiological needs of the weak root system of cassava seedlings.
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Figure CN122010617A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional preparations for agricultural planting, specifically a compound root moisturizer for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Cassava, a perennial shrub-like herbaceous plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family and the Cassava genus, is an important raw material for starch processing, a basic source of feed, and a biomass energy crop. It plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring food security, promoting agricultural economic development, and facilitating the upgrading of agricultural product deep processing industries. Root moisturizers are core functional preparations in the plant transplanting process. They primarily work by forming a protective film on the root surface or constructing a water buffer system to reduce rapid water loss from the roots, protect the integrity of the root epidermis, and reduce damage to the roots from environmental stress during transplanting. Cassava seedlings differ from seedlings propagated from traditional rhizomes; their root systems are weak, with fewer fine roots and weak regeneration capacity. During the transplanting process from seedling trays to the field, they are highly susceptible to problems such as rapid water evaporation, soil pathogen infection, and insufficient nutrient supply during the seedling establishment period. Suitable root moisturizers can specifically alleviate these problems, directly determining the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings, and consequently affecting subsequent plant growth, yield, and quality. This is crucial for cassava hybridization breeding.
[0003] However, existing cassava-related root moisturizer technologies still have certain shortcomings. Most existing cassava-related moisturizers focus on moisturizing the seed tuber and lack specialized formulations for the weak root systems of seedlings. They are not adaptable enough, and the bioactive ingredients are easily deactivated by high-temperature treatment during preparation, resulting in a significant reduction in functions such as root promotion and disease prevention. The release rhythm of the formulation is chaotic, and moisturizing, root promotion, disease prevention, and nutrient supply cannot work synergistically according to the physiological needs of seedlings after transplanting. They have poor adhesion to the weak root systems of seedlings and are difficult to form a stable protection and supply system. They have not achieved a closed loop of activity retention, precise adhesion, and stepwise release, ultimately resulting in limited improvement in the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings and failing to meet the needs of large-scale planting. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a composite root moisturizer and its preparation method to improve the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a compound root moisturizer and its preparation method for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting. It utilizes a specific combination of cassava homologous extracts and Trichoderma spore powder-allicin derivative compound disease-preventing components, combined with a customized process of low-temperature activation and targeted layered coating, to effectively retain the efficacy of bioactive ingredients. The three-layer structure of microparticles achieves a closed loop of activity retention, precise adhesion, and stepwise release. The inner layer of biological components first exerts a root-promoting and disease-preventing effect after transplanting, the middle layer of intelligent water-absorbing components continuously locks in moisture, and the outer layer of chelated nutrient components slowly supplies nutrients. This precisely adapts to the absorption patterns of the weak roots of cassava seedlings, improving the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings and ensuring the growth of plants during the seedling establishment period.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, comprising, by weight, 8-13 parts of cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of Trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjac glucomannan, 11-17 parts of intelligent water-absorbing component, and 4-6 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component;
[0006] The cassava homologous extract is composed of small-molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and fermented cassava young leaves growth factor. The cassava processing waste includes one or more of the following: cassava residue, primary cassava processing scraps, substandard cassava tubers, and cassava peel, with a dry basis starch content of not less than 40%.
[0007] The allicin derivative is selected from one or more of diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, and allyl methyl disulfide;
[0008] The intelligent water-absorbing component is composed of potassium ion-modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid.
[0009] The moisturizer is a three-layer structure of microparticles. The inner layer is an activated mixture of cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan. The middle layer is an intelligent water-absorbing component. The outer layer is a betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component. The particle size is 0.1-0.3 mm.
[0010] Furthermore, in the cassava homologous extract, the weight parts of small molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste are 5-8 parts, the weight parts of cassava young leaf fermentation growth factor are 3-5 parts, and in the intelligent water-absorbing component, the weight parts of potassium ion modified attapulgite clay are 8-12 parts, and the weight parts of polyglutamic acid are 3-5 parts.
[0011] Furthermore, the potassium-modified attapulgite is obtained by mixing, stirring, drying, and pulverizing attapulgite with a potassium salt solution. The potassium salt solution is a potassium phosphate solution or a potassium sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol / L, and the modified konjac glucomannan has a viscosity of 500-800 mcg. The average molecular weight is 200,000 to 500,000.
[0012] Furthermore, the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a weight ratio of 2:3:1. The chelation process is controlled at a temperature of 50-60℃, a stirring speed of 150-200r / min, and a chelation time of 2-3h. After chelation, it is spray-dried to form a powder component with a particle size of 50-100μm.
[0013] A method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent to improve the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, comprising the following steps:
[0014] S1. Prepare cassava homologous extract by preparing small molecule starch derivatives from cassava processing waste through enzymatic hydrolysis and cassava young leaf fermentation growth factor through fermentation. Then, mix the two products according to the set weight ratio to obtain cassava homologous extract.
[0015] S2. Add cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan to a mixing device, control the temperature at 45℃, stir and mix for 30-40 minutes to complete low-temperature activation, and obtain inner active mixture.
[0016] S3. Take potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid according to the set weight ratio, put them in a mixing device and mix them evenly to obtain the intelligent water-absorbing component.
[0017] S4. The inner active mixture is added as the core material to the targeted coating granulation equipment. The intelligent water-absorbing component and the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component are sprayed in sequence for layer coating. The atomization pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa and the air inlet temperature is controlled at 50-55℃. After granulation, microparticles with a particle size of 0.1-0.3mm are screened to obtain the finished product.
[0018] Furthermore, the 45℃ low-temperature activation in step S2 is not a simple mixing process, but rather a process that triggers multiple synergistic effects at this specific temperature to "activate" the fermentation growth factor in the cassava homologous extract and form hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with Trichoderma spore powder and allicin derivatives. This allows the bioactive components to bind tightly together to form a stable complex system, preventing the loss of active ingredients in subsequent processes. 45℃ is within the "semi-activation temperature range" of Trichoderma spores, which can both awaken spore metabolic activity and avoid high-temperature-induced denaturation of spore proteins, decomposition of allicin derivatives, and inactivation of fermentation growth factor. From a scientific perspective, the suitable stable temperature range for most plant-derived active substances and microbial spores is 35-50℃, and 45℃ is the optimal balance point that takes into account both "activation efficiency" and "activity retention."
[0019] Furthermore, the robust bonding of the three-layer structure of this invention requires no additional adhesive, relying entirely on the chemical properties of the components themselves and the synergistic effect of the process: Modified konjac glucomannan serves as the bonding matrix, and the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on its molecular chains can form a hydrogen bond network with starch derivatives in cassava homologous extracts and polysaccharide groups on the surface of Trichoderma spores, firmly encapsulating the inner layer components into a dense core material; the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of the inner layer modified konjac glucomannan form electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the amino and carboxyl groups of polyglutamic acid in the middle layer intelligent water-absorbing component. Meanwhile, the hydrophilic segments of polyglutamic acid can penetrate to the inner surface to form "molecular bridges," allowing the middle layer of intelligent water-absorbing components to adhere tightly to the core material. The unbonded amino and carboxyl groups of the middle layer of polyglutamic acid can further form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups of humic acid in the outer layer of betaine-humic acid chelate nutrient components. Furthermore, the atomization pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa and the air inlet temperature of 50-55°C in the layered coating process can rapidly solidify the outer layer powder components and densely adhere them to the middle layer surface, forming a tightly connected "inner layer-middle layer-outer layer" structure.
[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, when preparing small-molecule starch derivatives from cassava processing waste, the cassava processing waste is cleaned and pulverized to a particle size of 1-3 mm, then deionized water is added at a weight ratio of 1:4-6, and α-amylase is introduced. The amount of amylase added is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the cassava processing waste. The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is strictly controlled at 55-60℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is maintained at 5-7 hours. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the solution is filtered through a 200-300 mesh filter, and the filtrate is concentrated to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of its original volume under vacuum conditions of 0.06-0.08 MPa and a temperature of 60-70℃.
[0021] Furthermore, in step S1, when preparing the cassava leaf fermentation growth factor, the cassava leaves are cleaned and pulverized to a particle size of 0.5-1 mm, and then inoculated with a compound fermentation agent. The compound fermentation agent is composed of yeast, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:2:1. The inoculation amount is 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the cassava leaves. The humidity of the fermentation environment is controlled at 60-70%, and the fermentation time lasts for 72-96 hours. After the fermentation is completed, the mixture is filtered through a 300-400 mesh filter, and the supernatant is centrifuged at a speed of 8000-10000 r / min for 10-15 min. The clear liquid at the top is then collected.
[0022] Furthermore, the mixing equipment used in step S2 is a double-helix mixer, with the stirring speed controlled at 100-150 r / min. The mixing process is controlled by a constant temperature jacket, and the temperature fluctuation range does not exceed ±2℃. After low-temperature activation, the moisture content of the inner active mixture is controlled at 8-12%. When the moisture content exceeds the standard, it is adjusted to the set range by low-temperature air drying at 25-30℃.
[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the spraying speed of the targeted coating granulation equipment is controlled at 5-10 mL / min, the spraying weight ratio of the inner active mixture to the intelligent water-absorbing component is 1:1.2-1.5, and the spraying weight ratio of the inner active mixture to the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is 1:0.5-0.8. After granulation, a double-layer vibrating screen is used for screening, with screen apertures of 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. After screening, qualified microparticles are dried at low temperature at 40-45℃ for 1-2 hours.
[0024] Furthermore, in step S3, a planetary mixer is used to mix potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid. The mixing speed is set to 200-300 r / min and the mixing time is 20-30 min. During the mixing process, the mixer is stopped every 5-8 min to visually check the mixing uniformity until there is no obvious particle agglomeration. After stirring for the set time, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the intelligent water-absorbing component.
[0025] Compared with existing technologies, this compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting and its preparation method have the following beneficial effects:
[0026] This invention utilizes a specific combination of cassava homologous extracts and Trichoderma spore powder-allicin derivative complex disease-preventing components, along with a customized process of low-temperature activation and targeted layered coating. This effectively preserves the efficacy of bioactive ingredients. The three-layer structure of microparticles achieves a closed loop of activity retention, precise adhesion, and stepwise release. The inner layer of biological components initially promotes root growth and prevents disease after transplanting, the middle layer of intelligent water-absorbing components continuously locks in moisture, and the outer layer of chelated nutrient components slowly supplies nutrients. This precisely adapts to the absorption patterns of the weak root systems of cassava seedlings, specifically addressing the problems of insufficient specificity, easy inactivation of active ingredients, chaotic release, and poor adhesion in existing technologies. It significantly improves the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings, ensures the growth of plants during the seedling establishment period, and provides reliable technical support for large-scale cassava seedling cultivation and transplanting.
[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent to improve the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting;
[0030] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the preparation method of a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.
[0032] This invention provides a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting and its preparation method, constructing a complete technical solution. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The core content is as follows:
[0033] In terms of the product, this compound root moisturizer, by weight, contains 8-13 parts of cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of Trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjac glucomannan, 11-17 parts of intelligent water-absorbing component, and 4-6 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component. The cassava homologous extract consists of 5-8 parts of small-molecule starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste and 3-5 parts of fermented cassava young leaf growth factor; the intelligent water-absorbing component contains 8-12 parts of potassium ion-modified attapulgite clay and 3-5 parts of polyglutamic acid. The product is a three-layered microparticle with a particle size of 0.1-0.3 mm. The inner layer is an activated mixture of the above four components, the middle layer is the intelligent water-absorbing component, and the outer layer is the chelated nutrient component.
[0034] Further specifying, potassium-modified attapulgite is prepared by mixing attapulgite with a 0.5-1.5 mol / L potassium phosphate or potassium sulfate solution, drying, and pulverizing; the modified konjac glucomannan has a viscosity of 500-800 m. The average molecular weight is 200,000-500,000. The betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient components are chelated at a weight ratio of betaine:humic acid:potassium dihydrogen phosphate = 2:3:1 for 2-3 hours at 50-60℃ and 150-200r / min, and then spray-dried to obtain a 50-100μm powder.
[0035] Regarding the preparation method, applicable to the above products, the steps include: S1 preparing small molecule starch derivatives by enzymatically hydrolyzing cassava processing waste (55-60℃ for 5-7 hours, etc.), fermenting cassava tender leaves (inoculating with a specific compound microbial agent, fermenting at 60-70% humidity for 72-96 hours, etc.) to prepare fermentation growth factor, and then mixing them in proportion to obtain cassava homologous extract; S2 adding the four inner layer components to a double helix mixer, stirring at 45℃ for 30-40 minutes for low-temperature activation, and controlling the moisture content to 8-12%; S 3. Potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid are mixed in proportion using a planetary mixer to obtain a smart water-absorbing component; S4. Using the inner layer mixture as the core material, the smart water-absorbing component (weight ratio 1:1.2-1.5) and chelated nutrient component (weight ratio 1:0.5-0.8) are sequentially sprayed in a targeted coating granulation equipment, with the atomization pressure controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa and the inlet air temperature at 50-55℃. Microparticles with a particle size of 0.1-0.3mm are screened and dried at 40-45℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the finished product.
[0036] This solution achieves activity retention, precise adhesion, and stepwise release through specific component combinations and customized processes, making it suitable for the delicate root system characteristics of cassava seedlings.
[0037] Example 1
[0038] This embodiment uses intermediate ratios and process parameters to optimize the component combination and preparation process of a compound root moisturizer. The core component is 10 parts of cassava homologous extract, including 6 parts of small-molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and 4 parts of fermented cassava young leaf growth factor, combined with 3 parts of Trichoderma spore powder and 2 parts of allicin derivatives, among other key components. A three-layer structure of microparticles is prepared through low-temperature activation and targeted layered coating processes. This aims to balance product activity, moisturizing capacity, and nutrient supply capacity, improving the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings, while also considering production feasibility and cost control. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution is as follows:
[0039] Raw material ratio:
[0040] By weight, the product contains 10 parts cassava homologous extract, 3 parts Trichoderma spore powder, 2 parts allicin derivative, and 8 parts modified konjac glucomannan, with a viscosity of 650 m. It has an average molecular weight of 350,000, contains 14 parts of intelligent water-absorbing components, and 5 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient components.
[0041] The cassava homologous extract consists of 6 parts of small molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and 4 parts of fermented cassava leaf growth factor; the intelligent water-absorbing component consists of 10 parts of potassium ion modified attapulgite and 4 parts of polyglutamic acid. The potassium ion modified attapulgite is prepared by mixing, stirring, drying and pulverizing attapulgite with 1.0 mol / L potassium phosphate solution; the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a weight ratio of 2:3:1.
[0042] Preparation steps:
[0043] Preparation of cassava homologous extract S1: Cassava processing waste was cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 2 mm. Deionized water was added at a weight ratio of 1:5, and 0.3% (by weight) of α-amylase was added. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 58℃ for 6 h. After hydrolysis, the mixture was filtered through a 250-mesh filter. The filtrate was concentrated to half its original volume under a vacuum of 0.07 MPa and a temperature of 65℃ to obtain a small molecule starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste. Cassava tender leaves were cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 0.8 mm. A compound fermentation agent consisting of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis at a weight ratio of 1:2:1 was added. Fermentation was carried out at 65% humidity for 84 h. After fermentation, the mixture was filtered through a 350-mesh filter. The supernatant was centrifuged at 8500 r / min for 12 min, and the clear liquid was collected to obtain cassava tender leaf fermentation growth factor. The two products were mixed evenly according to the above weight ratio to obtain the cassava homologous extract.
[0044] S2 Low-Temperature Activation: Cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan were added to a double helix mixer. The stirring speed was set to 120 r / min and the mixture was stirred continuously for 35 min. The temperature was controlled at 45℃ by a constant temperature jacket, and the temperature fluctuation was controlled within ±1℃. After activation, the moisture content of the inner active mixture was detected to ensure that it was controlled at 10%, thus obtaining the inner active mixture.
[0045] S3 Preparation of Smart Water-Absorbing Component: Potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid are added to a planetary mixer, the mixing speed is set to 250 r / min, and the mixing is continued for 25 min. During the mixing process, the mixer is stopped every 6 min. The uniformity of mixing is visually inspected until there is no obvious particle agglomeration. After stirring for the set time, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the smart water-absorbing component.
[0046] S4 Layered Coating and Post-treatment: The inner layer active mixture is added as the core material to the targeted coating granulation equipment. The intelligent water-absorbing component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:1.3 to complete the middle layer coating. Then, the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:0.6 to complete the outer layer coating. During the coating process, the atomization pressure is controlled at 0.4 MPa, the air inlet temperature is 52℃, and the spraying speed is 8 mL / min. After granulation, a double-layer vibrating screen is used for screening. The screen mesh sizes are 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. After screening out the qualified particle size microparticles, they are dried at a low temperature of 42℃ for 1.5 h to obtain the finished product.
[0047] In summary, this embodiment achieves highly efficient synergy among its functional components through scientifically designed intermediate parameters. The combination of cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, and allicin derivatives, ensured by a low-temperature activation process, maximizes the preservation of bioactive components. The three-layered microparticle structure precisely achieves step-by-step release: the inner layer components rapidly promote root growth and prevent disease, the middle layer intelligent water-absorbing components provide long-lasting moisture retention, and the outer layer nutrient components are slowly released and supplied. Actual application testing shows that the product retains 92% of its active ingredients, maintains moisture for over 15 days, achieves a 90% survival rate for transplanted cassava seedlings, maintains vibrant green leaves during the seedling establishment period, and exhibits a 20% increase in root germination compared to conventional products. The overall effect is excellent and suitable for most transplanting scenarios.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] This embodiment employs an upper limit ratio and enhanced process to increase the content and functional strength of active ingredients in the moisturizer. Thirteen parts of cassava-derived extracts are selected, including eight parts of small-molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and five parts of fermented cassava leaf growth hormone. These are combined with a high proportion of Trichoderma spore powder and intelligent water-absorbing components. By extending the processing time and increasing the upper limit of process parameters, the root-promoting, disease-preventing, moisturizing, and nutrient-supplying capabilities are further enhanced, making it suitable for transplanting scenarios with severe environmental stress. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution is as follows:
[0050] Raw material ratio:
[0051] By weight, it contains 13 parts cassava homologous extract, 4 parts Trichoderma spore powder, 3 parts allicin derivative, and 10 parts modified konjac glucomannan, with a viscosity of 800 m³. It has an average molecular weight of 500,000, contains 17 parts of intelligent water-absorbing components, and 6 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient components.
[0052] The cassava homologous extract consists of 8 parts of small molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and 5 parts of fermented cassava leaf growth factor; the intelligent water-absorbing component consists of 12 parts of potassium ion modified attapulgite and 5 parts of polyglutamic acid. The potassium ion modified attapulgite is prepared by mixing, stirring, drying and pulverizing attapulgite with 1.5 mol / L potassium sulfate solution; the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a weight ratio of 2:3:1.
[0053] Preparation steps:
[0054] Preparation of cassava homologous extract S1: Cassava processing waste was cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 3 mm. Deionized water was added at a weight ratio of 1:6, and 0.4% (by weight) of α-amylase was added. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 60℃ for 7 h. After hydrolysis, the mixture was filtered through a 300-mesh filter. The filtrate was concentrated to half its original volume under a vacuum of 0.08 MPa and a temperature of 70℃ to obtain a small molecule starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste. Cassava tender leaves were cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 1 mm. A compound fermentation agent consisting of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis at a weight ratio of 1:2:1 was added. Fermentation was carried out at 70% humidity for 96 h. After fermentation, the mixture was filtered through a 400-mesh filter. The supernatant was centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 15 min, and the clear upper layer was collected to obtain cassava tender leaf fermentation growth factor. The two products were mixed evenly at the above weight ratio to obtain the cassava homologous extract.
[0055] S2 Low-Temperature Activation: Cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan were added to a double helix mixer. The stirring speed was set to 150 r / min and the mixture was stirred continuously for 40 min. The temperature was controlled at 45℃ by a constant temperature jacket, and the temperature fluctuation was controlled within ±2℃. After activation, the moisture content of the inner active mixture was detected to ensure that it was controlled at 12%, thus obtaining the inner active mixture.
[0056] S3 Preparation of Smart Water-Absorbing Component: Potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid are added to a planetary mixer, the mixing speed is set to 300 r / min, and the mixing is continued for 30 min. During the mixing process, the mixer is stopped every 8 min. The uniformity of mixing is visually inspected until there is no obvious particle agglomeration. After stirring for the set time, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the smart water-absorbing component.
[0057] S4 Layered Coating and Post-treatment: The inner active mixture is added as the core material to the targeted coating granulation equipment. The intelligent water-absorbing component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:1.5 to complete the middle layer coating. Then, the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:0.8 to complete the outer layer coating. During the coating process, the atomization pressure is controlled at 0.5MPa, the air inlet temperature is 55℃, and the spraying speed is 10mL / min. After granulation, a double-layer vibrating screen is used for screening. The screen mesh sizes are 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. After screening out the qualified particle size microparticles, they are dried at a low temperature of 45℃ for 2 hours to obtain the finished product.
[0058] In summary, this embodiment significantly enhances the product's functional strength and environmental adaptability through upper limit ratio and enhanced process design. The high content of cassava homologous extracts provides ample growth-promoting substances for the plants; the high proportion of Trichoderma spore powder and allicin derivatives enhances disease prevention; the high proportion of intelligent water-absorbing components prolongs water retention time; and the enhanced coating process further improves the stability of microparticles and root adhesion. Testing shows that the product retains 95% of its active ingredients, maintains moisture for over 20 days, and achieves a 95% survival rate for transplanted cassava seedlings. It maintains excellent performance even in complex environments with high temperature, drought, and abundant soil pathogens, exhibiting a short seedling establishment period, vigorous plant growth, and excellent overall results.
[0059] Example 3
[0060] This embodiment employs a lower limit ratio and basic process to simplify the production process while ensuring core functionality. Eight parts of cassava homologous extract are selected, including five parts of small-molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and three parts of cassava young leaf fermentation growth factor. These are combined with functional components in a basic ratio and prepared using the lower limit of process parameters. This aims to reduce production costs, meet the basic needs of large-scale planting, and adapt to conventional transplanting environments. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution is as follows:
[0061] Raw material ratio:
[0062] By weight, it contains 8 parts cassava homologous extract, 2 parts Trichoderma spore powder, 1 part allicin derivative, and 6 parts modified konjac glucomannan, with a viscosity of 500 m³. It has an average molecular weight of 200,000, contains 11 parts of intelligent water-absorbing components, and 4 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient components.
[0063] The cassava homologous extract consists of 5 parts of small molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and 3 parts of fermented cassava leaf growth factor; the intelligent water-absorbing component consists of 8 parts of potassium ion modified attapulgite and 3 parts of polyglutamic acid. The potassium ion modified attapulgite is prepared by mixing, stirring, drying and pulverizing attapulgite with 0.5 mol / L potassium phosphate solution; the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a weight ratio of 2:3:1.
[0064] Preparation steps:
[0065] Preparation of cassava homologous extract S1: Cassava processing waste was cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 1 mm. Deionized water was added at a weight ratio of 1:4. α-amylase at 0.2% of the weight of the cassava processing waste was added, and enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 55℃ for 5 h. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the mixture was filtered through a 200-mesh filter. The filtrate was concentrated to 1 / 3 of its original volume under a vacuum of 0.06 MPa and a temperature of 60℃ to obtain a small molecule starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste. Cassava tender leaves were cleaned and crushed to a particle size of 0.5 mm. A compound fermentation agent consisting of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis at a weight ratio of 1:2:1 was added. Fermentation was carried out at 60% humidity for 72 h. After fermentation, the mixture was filtered through a 300-mesh filter. The supernatant was centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 10 min, and the clear upper layer was collected to obtain cassava tender leaf fermentation growth factor. The two products were mixed evenly at the above weight ratio to obtain the cassava homologous extract.
[0066] S2 Low-Temperature Activation: Cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan were added to a double helix mixer. The stirring speed was set to 100 r / min and the mixture was stirred continuously for 30 min. The temperature was controlled at 45℃ by a constant temperature jacket, and the temperature fluctuation was controlled within ±1℃. After activation, the moisture content of the inner active mixture was detected to ensure that it was controlled at 8%, thus obtaining the inner active mixture.
[0067] S3 Preparation of Smart Water-Absorbing Component: Potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid are added to a planetary mixer, the mixing speed is set to 200 r / min, and the mixing is continued for 20 min. During the mixing process, the mixer is stopped every 5 min. The uniformity of mixing is visually checked until there is no obvious particle agglomeration. After stirring for the set time, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the smart water-absorbing component.
[0068] S4 Layered Coating and Post-treatment: The inner layer active mixture is added as the core material to the targeted coating granulation equipment. The intelligent water-absorbing component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:1.2 to complete the middle layer coating. Then, the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is sprayed in at a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to complete the outer layer coating. During the coating process, the atomization pressure is controlled at 0.3MPa, the air inlet temperature is 50℃, and the spraying speed is 5mL / min. After granulation, a double-layer vibrating screen is used for screening. The screen mesh sizes are 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. After screening out the qualified particle size microparticles, they are dried at a low temperature of 40℃ for 1 hour to obtain the finished product.
[0069] In summary, this embodiment, through lower limit ratios and basic process design, effectively controls production costs while ensuring the core functions of the product. Although the content of each component and the intensity of the process are at the lower limit, the three-layer structure design and low-temperature activation process can still effectively retain bioactive ingredients, achieving a synergistic effect of root promotion, moisture retention, disease prevention, and nutrient supply. Testing showed that the product's active ingredient retention rate reached 88%, moisture retention lasted for more than 10 days, and the survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings reached 85%. Under normal soil and climate conditions, it can meet the basic needs of cassava seedling transplantation, with stable plant growth during the seedling establishment period. The overall effect is good, making it suitable for large-scale promotion and application.
[0070] Comparative Example
[0071] This comparative example uses existing conventional cassava seed stem moisturizer formulations and processes, but does not employ the cassava homologous extract, three-layer structure design, and low-temperature activation plus targeted layered encapsulation process of this invention. It is prepared solely through conventional raw material mixing and granulation, and is used to compare and verify the superiority of the technical solution of this invention. The complete technical solution is as follows:
[0072] Raw material ratio:
[0073] By weight, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 10 parts, ordinary attapulgite 15 parts (ordinary attapulgite has not undergone potassium ion modification treatment), urea 5 parts, carbendazim 2 parts, and deionized water 30 parts.
[0074] Preparation steps:
[0075] Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ordinary attapulgite clay, urea, and carbendazim were added to a mixing device and mixed evenly. Then, a predetermined amount of deionized water was added, and the mixture was continuously stirred until a uniform paste was formed. The paste was then fed into a conventional granulation device and processed into granules with a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. The resulting granules were placed in a drying device and dried at 60°C for 2 hours to remove moisture, yielding a conventional humectant product. This product has a single-layer structure and does not employ layered coating or low-temperature activation processes.
[0076] This comparative example uses existing conventional technology to prepare a cassava moisturizer, lacking a specialized formula design for the delicate root systems of cassava seedlings. The product contains no cassava-derived extracts, failing to provide seedlings with highly compatible growth-promoting substances. The simple mixing of carbendazim with other components lacks a synergistic effect in disease prevention. The single-layer structure leads to a disordered release rhythm of water and nutrients, failing to meet the physiological needs of seedlings after transplanting. The high-temperature drying process partially deactivates active ingredients such as carbendazim. Ordinary attapulgite soil has limited water absorption and retention capacity and poor adhesion to delicate root systems. Testing showed that the product retained only 65% of its active ingredients, with a moisturizing duration of less than 5 days. The survival rate of transplanted cassava seedlings was only 60%, and plants were prone to wilting and root rot during the seedling establishment period. Overall, the product's performance was poor and failed to meet the core needs of cassava seedling transplantation.
[0077]
[0078] As can be seen from the comparison table above, the compound root moisturizer of this invention is significantly superior to existing conventional technologies in all key indicators. Its core advantages are reflected in three aspects: First, the specialized formula is precisely designed. The combination of cassava homologous extracts, Trichoderma spore powder, and allicin derivatives is highly adapted to the physiological needs of the delicate root systems of cassava seedlings, solving the problem of insufficient compatibility of conventional products. Second, the three-layer structure of microparticles achieves a closed-loop function: the inner layer promotes root growth and disease prevention, the middle layer locks in moisture, and the outer layer provides nutrition. The effects are released step-by-step according to the physiological rhythm of the seedlings after transplanting, avoiding the chaotic release defects of conventional products. Third, the customized process ensures efficacy. The low-temperature activation process effectively preserves bioactive ingredients, and the targeted layered coating improves product adhesion and stability, overcoming the problems of active ingredient inactivation and poor adhesion caused by conventional high-temperature processes.
[0079] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, characterized in that, By weight, it includes 8-13 parts of cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of Trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjac glucomannan, 11-17 parts of intelligent water-absorbing component, and 4-6 parts of betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component. The cassava homologous extract is composed of small-molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste and fermented cassava young leaves growth factor. The cassava processing waste includes one or more of the following: cassava residue, primary cassava processing scraps, substandard cassava tubers, and cassava peel, with a dry basis starch content of not less than 40%. The allicin derivative is selected from one or more of diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, and allyl methyl disulfide; The intelligent water-absorbing component is composed of potassium ion-modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid. The moisturizer is a three-layer structure of microparticles. The inner layer is an activated mixture of cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan. The middle layer is an intelligent water-absorbing component. The outer layer is a betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component. The particle size is 0.1-0.3 mm.
2. The compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, In the cassava homologous extract, the weight parts of small molecule starch derivatives derived from cassava processing waste are 5-8 parts, the weight parts of cassava young leaf fermentation growth factor are 3-5 parts, and in the intelligent water-absorbing component, the weight parts of potassium ion modified attapulgite clay are 8-12 parts, and the weight parts of polyglutamic acid are 3-5 parts.
3. The compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The potassium-modified attapulgite is obtained by mixing, stirring, drying, and pulverizing attapulgite with a potassium salt solution. The potassium salt solution is a potassium phosphate solution or a potassium sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol / L. The viscosity of the modified konjac glucomannan is 500-800 mcg. The average molecular weight is 200,000 to 500,000.
4. The compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a weight ratio of 2:3:
1. The chelation process is controlled at a temperature of 50-60℃, a stirring speed of 150-200r / min, and a chelation time of 2-3h. After chelation, it is spray-dried to form a powder component with a particle size of 50-100μm.
5. A method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent to improve the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, used to prepare the compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Prepare cassava homologous extract by preparing small molecule starch derivatives from cassava processing waste through enzymatic hydrolysis and cassava young leaf fermentation growth factor through fermentation. Then, mix the two products according to the set weight ratio to obtain cassava homologous extract. S2. Add cassava homologous extract, Trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjac glucomannan to a mixing device, control the temperature at 45℃, stir and mix for 30-40 minutes to complete low-temperature activation, and obtain inner active mixture. S3. Take potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid according to the set weight ratio, put them in a mixing device and mix them evenly to obtain the intelligent water-absorbing component. S4. The inner active mixture is added as the core material to the targeted coating granulation equipment. The intelligent water-absorbing component and the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component are sprayed in sequence for layer coating. The atomization pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa and the air inlet temperature is controlled at 50-55℃. After granulation, microparticles with a particle size of 0.1-0.3mm are screened to obtain the finished product.
6. The preparation method of a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that, In step S1, when preparing small molecule starch derivatives from cassava processing waste, the cassava processing waste is cleaned and pulverized to a particle size of 1-3 mm. Then, deionized water is added at a weight ratio of 1:4-6, and α-amylase is introduced. The amount of amylase added is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the cassava processing waste. The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is strictly controlled at 55-60℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is maintained at 5-7 hours. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the filtrate is filtered through a 200-300 mesh filter. The filtrate is concentrated to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of its original volume under vacuum conditions of 0.06-0.08 MPa and temperature of 60-70℃.
7. The preparation method of a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that, In step S1, when preparing cassava leaf fermentation growth factor, the cassava leaves are cleaned and pulverized to a particle size of 0.5-1 mm, and then inoculated with a compound fermentation agent. The compound fermentation agent is composed of yeast, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:2:
1. The inoculation amount is 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the cassava leaves. The humidity of the fermentation environment is controlled at 60-70%, and the fermentation time lasts for 72-96 hours. After the fermentation is completed, the mixture is filtered through a 300-400 mesh filter, and the supernatant is centrifuged at a speed of 8000-10000 r / min for 10-15 min. The clear liquid at the top is then collected.
8. The method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that, The mixing equipment used in step S2 is a double-helix mixer, with the stirring speed controlled at 100-150 r / min. The mixing process is controlled by a constant temperature jacket, and the temperature fluctuation range does not exceed ±2℃. After low-temperature activation, the moisture content of the inner active mixture is controlled at 8-12%. When the moisture content exceeds the standard, it is adjusted to the set range by air drying at 25-30℃.
9. A method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the spraying speed of the targeted coating granulation equipment is controlled at 5-10 mL / min. The spraying weight ratio of the inner active mixture to the intelligent water-absorbing component is 1:1.2-1.5, and the spraying weight ratio of the inner active mixture to the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is 1:0.5-0.
8. After granulation, a double-layer vibrating screen is used for screening, with screen apertures of 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. After screening, qualified microparticles are dried at low temperature at 40-45℃ for 1-2 hours.
10. A method for preparing a compound root moisturizing agent for improving the survival rate of cassava seedlings after transplanting, as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step S3, a planetary mixer is used to mix potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid. The mixing speed is set to 200-300 r / min and the mixing time is 20-30 min. During the mixing process, the mixer is stopped every 5-8 min to visually check the mixing uniformity until there is no obvious particle agglomeration. After stirring for the set time, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the intelligent water-absorbing component.