Formula for producing potassium fulvate-containing non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer and preparation method of potassium fulvate-containing non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula for producing a potassium fulvate-containing non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of fertilizers. The problems that an existing non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer is poor in dispersity, low in absorption efficiency, limited in soil improvement effect and high in cost are solved. The formula comprises a non-water-soluble medium element matrix, biochemical potassium fulvate, a dispersing aid, a functional synergist and a purity regulator, and the preparation method sequentially comprises six procedures of raw material pretreatment, premixing, synergistic mixing, core mixing, superfine grinding and screening and packaging to finally obtain a brown powdery finished product. The fertilizer integrates the advantages of biochemical potassium fulvate and non-water-soluble medium elements, can activate calcium and magnesium elements, improve the absorption efficiency, supplement trace elements, neutralize soil acidity, improve soil structure and relieve hardening and salinization, is suitable for various soils and crops, has long-term effectiveness and practicability, reduces the application cost, and is remarkable in agricultural application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and more particularly to the formulation and preparation method for producing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers containing potassium humate. Background Technology

[0002] Medium-level elements (calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, etc.) are essential nutrients for crop growth and development. Nationwide, 64% of arable land is deficient in calcium, 53% in magnesium, and approximately 40 million tons of silicon are deficient annually. The scarcity of medium-level elements in soil has become a key factor restricting crop yield and quality improvement. Meanwhile, the long-term irrational application of chemical fertilizers has led to increasingly prominent problems of soil acidification, compaction, and salinization. Soil acidification is particularly severe in most parts of southern China, as well as in Northeast China and the Jiaodong Peninsula, further reducing the efficiency of crop nutrient absorption.

[0003] Currently, medium-element fertilizers on the market are mainly divided into two categories: water-soluble and non-water-soluble. Water-soluble medium-element fertilizers are mainly composed of calcium magnesium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate, which are easily absorbed by crops. However, the acid ions they contain can exacerbate soil acidification, and they are easily lost in areas with abundant rainfall, resulting in fertilizer waste and environmental burden. Non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers are mostly made from magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, which are directly crushed and pulverized from ores. They have problems such as high impurity and heavy metal content, high specific gravity, and poor dispersibility. They require the addition of a large amount of useless additives, and the water content of the raw materials is as high as 50%-70%, which significantly increases packaging and transportation costs.

[0004] Potassium humate, a natural fermentation product, is characterized by its small molecular weight, high physiological activity, and strong chelating ability. It can improve soil structure, regulate pH, promote crop root growth and nutrient absorption, and is resistant to acids and alkalis, resists divalent ions, and can be compounded with various elements without flocculation. Currently, potassium humate is primarily used in water-soluble fertilizers, with limited research on its application in improving non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers. Mature formulations and preparation processes have not yet been developed, failing to effectively address the core shortcomings of non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers, such as low absorption efficiency and poor soil adaptability.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a fertilizer product that combines the advantages of biochemical potassium humate with the long-lasting properties of non-water-soluble medium-quantity elements, which has significant agricultural application value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: To address the shortcomings of existing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers, such as poor dispersibility, low absorption efficiency, limited soil improvement effect, and high cost, this invention provides a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing biochemical potassium humate and its preparation method, achieving multiple goals of improving fertilizer utilization, improving soil structure, and reducing application costs.

[0007] Technical solution: To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate, wherein the raw material composition, by weight, includes: 40-80 parts of non-water-soluble medium-element matrix, 0.1-5 parts of biochemical potassium humate, 1-5 parts of dispersant, 1-4 parts of functional synergist, and 5-15 parts of purity regulator.

[0008] Furthermore, the non-water-soluble medium-element matrix is ​​a mixture of light calcium carbonate and light magnesium hydroxide, with a weight ratio of 1:0.8-1.2; wherein the light calcium carbonate has a purity of ≥99%, and is prepared by calcining calcite, limestone, or oyster shells at high temperature to produce calcium oxide, followed by reduction with carbon dioxide; the light magnesium hydroxide has a purity of ≥99%, and is prepared by reacting magnesium chloride, salt lake bittern, or brine with lime milk to form a precipitate, followed by purification. This matrix can neutralize soil acidity, slowly release calcium and magnesium elements, and prolong fertilizer effectiveness.

[0009] The biochemical potassium fulvate is a highly active BSFA type, produced by biological fermentation using sugarcane molasses concentrate or beet pulp as raw material. Its indicators meet the following requirements: biochemical fulvate content ≥45%, total potassium (K2O) ≥10%, organic matter ≥65%, moisture ≤1%, pH 5-7, appearance is brown powder, has no toxic side effects, and the preferred addition amount is 0.5-3 parts, which can balance the improvement effect and cost control.

[0010] The dispersing agent is a mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and magnesium lignosulfonate in a weight ratio of 1:0.5-1. It can improve the dispersion stability of fertilizer in water, prevent sedimentation, and is suitable for various application methods such as drip irrigation and fertigation.

[0011] The functional synergist is a mixture of sulfur and citric acid chelate salt in a weight ratio of 2-3:1; the sulfur purity is ≥99%, supplementing sulfur element; the citric acid chelate salt contains trace elements such as copper, manganese, iron, zinc, boron, and molybdenum, of which zinc is 3.5-6.5%, iron is 0.5-5.5%, manganese is 1.5-2.7%, copper is 0.5-2.0%, molybdenum is 0.1-0.4%, and boron is 2-5%, which can promote the absorption of medium-level elements and prevent crop physiological diseases.

[0012] The purity regulator is fumed silica with a purity of ≥99%. It is prepared by high-temperature hydrolysis and condensation of halosilanes in an oxyhydrogen flame, followed by rapid cooling, separation, and deacidification. It can reduce the overall specific gravity of fertilizer, improve powder flowability, and reduce agglomeration.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, and more specifically, a method for preparing a potassium humate-type non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Place light calcium carbonate and light magnesium hydroxide in a drying device and dry them at 105-110℃ for 2-3 hours, controlling the moisture content to ≤1%; sieve the biochemical potassium humate through an 80-mesh sieve to remove mechanical impurities, and set it aside for later use.

[0014] S2. Premixing: Weigh the pretreated non-water-soluble medium element matrix, dispersant, and purity regulator according to the weight proportions, put them into a twin-helix mixer, and mix them at a speed of 150-200 r / min at room temperature for 15-20 minutes to obtain the basic mixture.

[0015] S3. Enhanced Mixing: Add the functional enhancer to the basic mixture, heat to 40-50℃, and continue mixing for 10-15 minutes at a speed of 150-200r / min to ensure uniform dispersion of the chelated salt and obtain the enhanced mixture.

[0016] S4. Core Mixing: Evenly sprinkle the pretreated biochemical potassium fulvate into the enhanced mixture, cool to room temperature, and stir at a low speed of 50-80 r / min for 25-30 minutes to ensure that the biochemical potassium fulvate coats the surface of the matrix particles and avoids loss of active ingredients, thus obtaining a semi-finished product.

[0017] S5. Ultrafine grinding: The semi-finished product is fed into an ultrafine grinder and ground to a particle size of 4000-12500 mesh, with the powder moisture content controlled to ≤0.8%, to obtain the ground material.

[0018] S6. Screening and Packaging: The pulverized material is screened through a 120-mesh sieve. Unqualified particles are returned to the ultra-fine pulverizer for reprocessing. Qualified products are packaged in double-layer bags with inner plastic and outer woven fabric and stored in a cool, ventilated and dry place to obtain the finished product.

[0019] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the high chelating properties of biochemical potassium humate can activate non-water-soluble calcium and magnesium elements, reducing soil fixation. At the same time, its bioactive substances promote crop root development, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of medium-quantity elements. The functional synergist works synergistically with medium-quantity elements, while also supplementing micronutrients, resulting in more comprehensive nutrition. The light calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide in the formula can neutralize soil acidity and adjust pH value; the biochemical potassium humate can form a granular structure with soil particles, loosen the soil, improve water and fertilizer retention capacity, reduce soil heavy metal activity, alleviate salinization and compaction problems, and is suitable for various poor soils. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate is as follows, by weight: 30 parts light calcium carbonate, 25 parts light magnesium hydroxide, 0.5 parts biochemical potassium humate, 2 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 1 part magnesium lignosulfonate, 2 parts sulfur, 1 part citric acid chelate, and 10 parts fumed silica.

[0023] A method for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing biochemical potassium humate includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Light calcium carbonate and light magnesium hydroxide are placed in drying equipment and dried at 105℃ for 2.5 hours, with the moisture content controlled to ≤1%; biochemical potassium humate is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to remove mechanical impurities and is ready for use.

[0024] S2. Premixing: Weigh the pretreated light calcium carbonate, light magnesium hydroxide, calcium lignosulfonate, magnesium lignosulfonate, and fumed silica according to the weight proportions, put them into a twin-screw mixer, and mix them at a speed of 200 r / min at room temperature for 18 minutes to obtain the basic mixture.

[0025] S3. Enhanced Mixing: Add sulfur and citric acid chelate salt to the basic mixture, heat to 45°C, and continue mixing for 12 minutes at a speed of 200 r / min to obtain the enhanced mixture.

[0026] S4. Core Mixing: The pretreated biochemical potassium humate is evenly sprinkled into the enhanced mixture, cooled to room temperature, and stirred at a low speed of 50-80 r / min for 28 minutes to coat the surface of the matrix particles with biochemical potassium humate, thus obtaining a semi-finished product.

[0027] S5. Ultrafine grinding: The semi-finished product is fed into an ultrafine grinder and ground to 8000 mesh, with the powder moisture content controlled at 0.6%, to obtain the pulverized material.

[0028] S6. Screening and Packaging: The pulverized material is screened through a 120-mesh sieve. Unqualified particles are returned to the ultra-fine pulverizer for reprocessing. Qualified products are packaged to obtain the finished product, which is a brown powder without lumps and with good dispersibility.

[0029] Example 2 The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate is as follows, by weight: 35 parts light calcium carbonate, 35 parts light magnesium hydroxide, 3 parts biochemical potassium humate, 1.5 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts magnesium lignosulfonate, 3 parts sulfur, 1 part citric acid chelate, and 12 parts fumed silica.

[0030] The preparation method for producing potassium humate-type non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer is the same as in Example 1, except that the particle size of the ultrafine grinding step is adjusted to 10,000 mesh, the moisture content of the pulverized material is controlled at 0.7%, and the finished product is obtained after sieving and packaging. It is suitable for severely acidic orchard soils in the south.

[0031] Example 3 The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate is as follows, by weight: 20 parts light calcium carbonate, 20 parts light magnesium hydroxide, 0.1 parts biochemical potassium humate, 1 part calcium lignosulfonate, 0.5 parts magnesium lignosulfonate, 1 part sulfur, 0.5 parts citric acid chelate, and 8 parts fumed silica.

[0032] The preparation method for producing potassium humate-containing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer is the same as in Example 1, except that the particle size of the ultrafine grinding step is adjusted to 5000 mesh, the moisture content of the pulverized material is controlled at 0.5%, and the finished product is obtained after sieving and packaging. It is suitable for application as a base fertilizer for field crops.

[0033] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate, characterized in that, It includes 40-80 parts of non-water-soluble medium element matrix, 0.1-5 parts of biochemical potassium humate, 1-5 parts of dispersant, 1-4 parts of functional synergist, and 5-15 parts of purity regulator; The non-water-soluble medium-element matrix is ​​a mixture of light calcium carbonate and light magnesium hydroxide, with a weight ratio of 1:0.8-1.2, and the purity of light calcium carbonate is ≥99% and the purity of light magnesium hydroxide is ≥99%.

2. The formula and preparation method for producing a potassium humate-containing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochemical potassium humate is a highly active BSFA type, which is produced by biological fermentation using sugarcane molasses concentrate or beet pulp as raw materials. The following indicators must be met: biochemical fulvic acid content ≥45%, total potassium (K2O) ≥10%, organic matter ≥65%, moisture ≤1%, pH value 5-7; 3. The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing agent is a mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and magnesium lignosulfonate, with a weight ratio of 1:0.5-1; the purity regulator is fumed silica with a purity ≥99%.

4. The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional synergist is a mixture of sulfur and citric acid chelate salt, with a weight ratio of 2-3:

1. The sulfur purity is ≥99%, and the content of trace elements in the citric acid chelate salt is as follows: zinc 3.5-6.5%, iron 0.5-5.5%, manganese 1.5-2.7%, copper 0.5-2.0%, molybdenum 0.1-0.4%, and boron 2-5%.

5. The formula for producing a non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing potassium humate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light calcium carbonate is produced by calcining calcite, limestone or oyster shells at high temperature to generate calcium oxide, and then purifying it by passing carbon dioxide through a reduction reaction. The light magnesium hydroxide is produced by reacting magnesium chloride, salt lake bittern or brine with lime milk to form a precipitate, which is then washed and purified.

6. A method for preparing a potassium humate-containing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer, using the formula for producing a potassium humate-containing non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Dry light calcium carbonate and light magnesium hydroxide at 105-110℃ for 2-3 hours, and remove impurities by passing biochemical potassium humate through an 80-mesh sieve. S2. Premixing: Weigh the non-water-soluble medium-quantity element matrix, dispersant, and purity regulator, and mix them in a twin-helix mixer at 150-200 r / min at room temperature for 15-20 minutes to obtain the basic mixture. S3. Enhanced Mixing: Add the functional enhancer to the base mixture, heat to 40-50℃, keep the rotation speed constant, and continue mixing for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the chelated salt is evenly dispersed, thus obtaining the enhanced mixture; S4. Core Mixing: Evenly sprinkle the biochemical potassium fulvate into the synergistic mixture, cool to room temperature, and stir at low speed for 25-30 minutes to ensure that the biochemical potassium fulvate coats the surface of the matrix particles, avoid loss of active ingredients, and obtain a semi-finished product. S5. Ultrafine grinding: The semi-finished product is fed into an ultrafine grinder and ground to a particle size of 4000-12500 mesh, while controlling the powder moisture content to ≤0.8%, to obtain the ground material; S6. Screening and Packaging: The pulverized material is screened through a 120-mesh sieve. Unqualified particles are returned to the ultrafine pulverizer for reprocessing, and qualified products are packaged to obtain the finished product.

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