Liquid-solid coupling type height-adjustable support

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid-solid coupling type height-adjustable support which comprises an upper seat plate, a middle seat plate, a lower seat plate and a height-adjustable base plate, the upper seat plate is arranged on the upper side of the middle seat plate, the middle seat plate is arranged on the upper side of the lower seat plate, an annular groove is formed in the height-adjustable base plate, the lower seat plate is at least partially arranged in the annular groove, and the height-adjustable base plate is arranged in the annular groove. A relatively sealed height adjusting space is formed between the height adjusting base plate and the lower base plate, the height adjusting base plate is connected with a height adjusting system, the height adjusting system is used for conveying liquid-solid mixed liquid or flushing liquid into the height adjusting base plate, and solid particles in the liquid-solid mixed liquid can be deposited in the height adjusting space to increase the relative height between the lower base plate and the height adjusting base plate. And the flushing fluid can flush out the solid particles in the height adjusting space, so that the relative height between the lower seat plate and the height adjusting base plate is reduced. Through the arrangement of the height adjusting base plate and the conveying of liquid-solid mixed liquid or flushing liquid, bidirectional stepless adjustment of the supporting height of the support is achieved, and the flexibility of height adjustment of the support is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge structure or building technology, and more specifically, to a fluid-solid coupling adjustable height support. Background Technology

[0002] With economic development, people have increasingly higher demands for travel quality, and faster, more comfortable modes of transportation are becoming increasingly popular. Whether it's highways, railways, or urban rail transit, all have transitioned from the low-speed era to the high-speed era. The emergence of highways and high-speed railways has brought immense convenience to people's travel. Highways and high-speed railways crisscross the country, connecting north and south, east and west, with high speeds and large spans, reaching thousands of kilometers. They traverse areas with significant temperature variations and complex geological conditions. High-speed railways, in particular, place even stricter requirements on the smoothness of foundations and bridges. Especially when passenger dedicated railways use ballastless track, the requirements for track smoothness are even more stringent. In addition to making necessary height adjustments to the seamless track on the bridge using track pads and fasteners, it is also necessary to consider researching simple, practical, and economical height adjustment bearing forms. By appropriately adjusting the height of existing bearings, the requirements for passenger dedicated railway bridges using ballastless track can be met.

[0003] Currently, there are four common height adjustment methods for bridge supports both domestically and internationally: pad height adjustment, spiral height adjustment, wedge block height adjustment, and injection-filled height adjustment. Pad height adjustment is the simplest, but it requires fabricating pads according to the required height. During adjustment, the bridge must be shut down, and the pads are placed under the bridge support. Spiral height adjustment uses threaded joints for load bearing, making it unsuitable for applications with high load-bearing requirements. It also requires high corrosion resistance to the internal threads, making replacement difficult once rusted. Wedge block height adjustment involves significant stress on the bolts pushing the wedges, and the wedge angle cannot be too large, limiting the height adjustment range. Injection-filled height adjustment is more difficult to implement in practice. The filler is prone to leakage under long-term pressure and is also significantly affected by temperature, making subsequent height adjustments difficult and hindering multiple adjustments.

[0004] Chinese patent CN212128829U discloses an ultra-high pressure adjustable support. It employs a longitudinal injection hole with an annular copper ring at the top. During filler injection, the annular copper ring is first lifted, then acts on the upper part of the rubber sealing ring, thus avoiding the problem of the rubber sealing ring being easily damaged due to excessive local pressure. The longitudinal injection hole is funnel-shaped; this structure ensures that the pressure at the bottom of the injection hole is greater than the pressure at the top, effectively preventing backflow of the injected material. This patent achieves height adjustment by lifting the support after the injected liquid solidifies. However, this patent only allows for unidirectional height adjustment, and each injection hole is blocked by the solidified material after injection, limiting its usability to one use. Multiple adjustments require multiple injection holes, further restricting its usability. Furthermore, the support cannot be lowered; lowering requires replacing the support, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem solved by this invention is that, in the prior art, the existing injection height adjustment support can only be adjusted upwards, and the number of adjustments is limited, so it cannot achieve free adjustment of the support height.

[0006] This invention discloses a liquid-solid coupling adjustable height support, comprising an upper base plate, a middle base plate, a lower base plate, and an adjustable height base plate. The upper base plate is disposed above the middle base plate, and the middle base plate is disposed above the lower base plate. An annular groove is formed on the adjustable height base plate, and the lower base plate is at least partially disposed in the annular groove. A relatively sealed adjustable height space is formed between the adjustable height base plate and the lower base plate. The adjustable height base plate is connected to an adjustable height system, which is used to deliver a liquid-solid mixture or a flushing liquid into the adjustable height base plate. Solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture can be deposited in the adjustable height space to increase the relative height between the lower base plate and the adjustable height base plate. The flushing liquid can flush out the solid particles in the adjustable height space, thereby reducing the relative height between the lower base plate and the adjustable height base plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the height adjustment system includes a lifting unit and a liquid-solid filling unit. The lifting unit can lift the lower seat plate during height adjustment to cooperate with the liquid-solid filling unit to deliver liquid-solid mixture or rinsing liquid into the height adjustment space. After the solid particles are deposited or rinsed, the lower seat plate will descend to compact the deposited solid particles.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting unit includes a lifting support and a lifting member, which are disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the lower seat plate and the top surface of the height adjustment base plate. The lifting member can extend and retract relative to the lifting support to support the lifting support and drive the lower seat plate to rise or fall.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid-solid filling unit includes a storage tank, a high-pressure pump, a one-way valve device, and a filter device. The input end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the storage tank, and the output end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the height adjustment space via a media pipeline inlet. The one-way valve device is installed at the media pipeline inlet to prevent liquid backflow in the height adjustment space. The filter device is detachably installed at the media outlet of the height adjustment base plate to trap solid particles and allow liquid discharge during the height adjustment process. The filter device is connected to the storage tank via the media pipeline outlet pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter device is configured with a gradient pore structure, and its pore size gradually decreases along the direction from near the height adjustment space to far away from the height adjustment space.

[0011] Furthermore, the height adjustment system also includes an automatic control system and an elevation monitoring sensor. The elevation monitoring sensor is used to monitor the relative height between the lower base plate and the height adjustment base plate in real time. The automatic control system is electrically connected to the elevation monitoring sensor, the high-pressure pump, and the lifting unit, respectively, and is used to control the lifting height of the lifting unit and the working status of the high-pressure pump according to the feedback signal of the elevation monitoring sensor, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the support height.

[0012] Furthermore, a circumferential sealing device is provided between the lower seat plate and the height adjustment base plate to prevent leakage of liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid from the mating gap between the lower seat plate and the height adjustment base plate when the liquid-solid filling unit is working.

[0013] Furthermore, the solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture are solid steel grit or solid zirconia ceramic microspheres, and the liquid in the liquid-solid mixture is a mixture based on a polyalphaolefin blend. The volume percentage of the solid particles is 45%–55%, and the kinematic viscosity of the polyalphaolefin blend at 40°C is 80–120 mmHg. 2 / s, viscosity index >140, pour point <-40°C.

[0014] Furthermore, the solid particles include a variety of particles with different particle sizes.

[0015] Furthermore, the solid particles have a coarse particle size of 300-450 μm and a mass percentage of 45%-65%; medium particles have a particle size of 150-250 μm and a mass percentage of 20%-30%; and fine particles have a particle size of 45-75 μm and a mass percentage of 15%-25%. The solid particles have a sphericity ≥0.85 and a Mohs hardness ≥7.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the adjustable height support of the fluid-solid coupling type described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1) By adjusting the setting of the base plate and the delivery of liquid-solid mixture or rinsing liquid, the present invention realizes the bidirectional stepless adjustment of the support height, which significantly improves the flexibility of the support height adjustment.

[0018] 2) After the height adjustment is completed, the deposited solid particles form a dense support body in the height adjustment base plate. Relying on the friction and interlocking between the particles, it provides a stable and reliable large-tonnage load-bearing capacity without the need for additional locking devices.

[0019] 3) The height adjustment process is reversible, which makes it easy to adjust the height of the support according to the actual working conditions and is suitable for complex and ever-changing working environments;

[0020] 4) Combined with sensors and intelligent control systems, the height adjustment can be triggered remotely or automatically, realizing adaptive management of bridge alignment and stress. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the height-adjustable base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 1. Upper seat plate; 2. Friction pair device; 3. Sealing device; 4. Lower seat plate; 5. Height adjustment base plate; 6. Circumferential sealing device; 7. Filter device; 8. Medium pipeline outlet pipe; 9. Storage tank; 10. Outlet sealing device; 11. One-way valve device; 12. Automatic control system; 13. High-pressure pump; 14. Medium pipeline inlet; 15. Elevation monitoring sensor; 16. Circular guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention: a liquid-solid coupling adjustable height support.

[0027] This embodiment provides a fluid-solid coupling adjustable height support, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an upper seat plate 1, a middle seat plate, a lower seat plate 4, and a height-adjustable base plate 5. The upper seat plate 1 is disposed above the middle seat plate, and the middle seat plate is disposed above the lower seat plate 4. An annular groove is formed on the height-adjustable base plate 5, and the lower seat plate 4 is at least partially disposed in the annular groove. A relatively sealed height-adjustable space is formed between the height-adjustable base plate 5 and the lower seat plate 4. The height-adjustable base plate 5 is connected to a height-adjustable system, which is used to deliver a liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid into the height-adjustable base plate 5. Solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture can be deposited in the height-adjustable space to increase the relative height between the lower seat plate 4 and the height-adjustable base plate 5. The flushing liquid can flush out the solid particles in the height-adjustable space, thereby reducing the relative height between the lower seat plate 4 and the height-adjustable base plate 5.

[0028] In this example, a relatively sealed height adjustment space is constructed between the lower base plate 4 and the height adjustment base plate 5, and a height adjustment system connected to the height adjustment base plate 5 is used. Utilizing the settling property of solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture, they gradually settle as they are transported into the height adjustment space. The liquid is discharged from the height adjustment space, thus forming a corresponding liquid-solid mixture transport path. The solid particles gradually deposit within the height adjustment space, and the friction and interlocking between the solid particles form a stable load-bearing structure, thereby providing stable support for the lower base plate 4 and its upper middle base plate and upper base plate 1, achieving an increase in support height. When it is necessary to lower the support height, the solid column is flushed with liquid, flushing down and discharging some of the particles. This allows for the lowering of the support height. During this process, the height of the support can be freely adjusted according to needs, thus achieving stepless bidirectional adjustment of the support. This enables it to adapt to different usage environments, and the solid column formed by the solid particles provides sufficient support force, eliminating the need for corresponding jacking devices. Furthermore, since the solid particles are deposited gradually, the construction disturbance during the support height adjustment process is minimal. The entire adjustment process does not require the use of large jacking equipment or interruption of traffic on the bridge, significantly reducing construction risks and interference with traffic operations. In addition, after the support is raised, there is no need to set up corresponding mechanical locking structures, effectively simplifying the support structure and reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the support.

[0029] As one optional example, the height adjustment system includes a lifting unit and a liquid-solid filling unit. The lifting unit can raise the lower seat plate 4 during height adjustment to cooperate with the liquid-solid filling unit in delivering a liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid into the height adjustment space. After the solid particles have settled or been flushed, the lower seat plate 4 lowers to compact the deposited solid particles. It should be noted that simply raising the height of the lower seat plate 4 to the required height through solid particle deposition is relatively difficult. Uncompacted deposits are usually loose and cannot provide sufficient support, while the gaps between compacted solid particles are small, hindering the drainage of liquid from the liquid-solid mixture. The lifting unit facilitates raising the lower seat plate 4 to a height exceeding the target height during height adjustment, allowing the solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture to settle layer by layer in an environment without load disturbance. This effectively avoids the situation where solid particles are prematurely compacted upon contact with the lower seat plate 4, preventing the height of the lower seat plate 4 from being raised and hindering liquid drainage. In this case, the lifting unit lifts the lower plate 4 to a height exceeding the target height, thereby obtaining a higher deposition layer height. Then, after the lower plate 4 is pressed down, it shrinks a certain volume and finally reaches the target height.

[0030] As one optional example, the lifting unit includes a lifting support and a lifting member (not shown in the figures). The lifting support and the lifting member are disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the lower seat plate 4 and the top surface of the height-adjustable base plate 5. The lifting member is retractable relative to the lifting support to support the lifting support in raising or lowering the lower seat plate 4. Specifically, the lifting support is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower seat plate 4, and the lifting member is disposed at the top end of the outer peripheral wall of the height-adjustable base plate 5 (i.e., the top surface of the height-adjustable base plate 5). With the above configuration, in the initial state, there is a certain gap between the lifting component and the lifting support, so that the two do not contact each other. When the lower seat plate 4 needs to be raised or lowered, the lifting unit lifts the lower seat plate 4 before the liquid-solid mixture or rinsing liquid is delivered to the height adjustment space, thereby releasing the corresponding space so that the liquid-solid filling unit can deliver the liquid-solid mixture or rinsing liquid into the height adjustment space. After the height adjustment is completed, the lifting unit retracts, driving the lower seat plate 4 to descend, so that it compacts the solid particles in the height adjustment space. At this time, the lifting unit continues to retract, and finally separates the lifting component from the lifting support, so that the load of the lower seat plate 4 is fully applied to the solid particles. Under these circumstances, the lifting unit is not subjected to any external force during the normal working time of the support, and only participates in the corresponding work during height adjustment, avoiding the risk of damage from long-term operation and significantly extending its service life. It should be noted that the lifting unit can also be considered a high-pressure liquid delivery system, using high-pressure liquid to lift the lower seat plate 4 and then deliver the high-pressure liquid-solid mixture. However, this solution has extremely high requirements for the corresponding pump body and sealing system, is structurally complex, and has extremely high operation and maintenance costs. Considering all factors, the mechanical lifting device in this application has better application value. Specifically, the lifting component can be a jack or other existing lifting equipment in the prior art, or a structure in the prior art that can realize the lifting of components, which will not be elaborated here.

[0031] Specifically, the liquid-solid filling unit includes a storage tank 9, a high-pressure pump 13, a one-way valve device 11, and a filter device 7. The input end of the high-pressure pump 13 is connected to the storage tank 9, and the output end of the high-pressure pump 13 is connected to the height adjustment space via the media pipeline inlet 14. The one-way valve device 11 is installed at the media pipeline inlet to prevent liquid backflow in the height adjustment space. The filter device 7 is detachably installed at the media outlet of the height adjustment base plate 5 to trap solid particles and allow liquid to drain during the height adjustment process. The filter device 7 is connected to the storage tank 9 via the media pipeline outlet pipe 8. In this application, the storage tank 9 is used to store a liquid-solid mixture. A low-speed stirrer is installed in the storage tank 9. In a static state, the upper part of the storage tank 9 contains liquid, and the lower part contains deposited solid particles. When the liquid-solid mixture needs to be transported, the low-speed stirrer is activated in advance, uniformly mixing the solid particles with the liquid. This mixture is then drawn in by the high-pressure pump 13 and transported to the height adjustment space. The solid particles are deposited and compacted by the lower seat plate 4 to form the height adjustment support structure. The liquid is discharged through the filter device 7 and then enters the storage tank 9, completing the raising operation of the support. When the lower seat plate 4 needs to be lowered, the filter device 7 is removed, the low-speed stirrer is not activated, and the high-pressure pump 13 draws liquid from the upper part of the storage tank 9 as flushing fluid into the height adjustment space. This fluidizes some of the solid particles and flushes them into the storage tank 9, completing the lowering operation of the support. It should be noted that there can be two or more storage tanks 9, which can serve as backups for each other, allowing for replenishment when the material in one storage tank 9 is insufficient. It should be noted that the high-pressure pump 13 operates at a pressure of 2-5 MPa when conveying the liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid, so as to smoothly deliver the liquid-solid mixture to the height adjustment space. Through the above arrangement, the liquid in the liquid-solid mixture and the flushing liquid use the same liquid, allowing the material used for height adjustment to be recycled, significantly reducing operating costs. It should also be noted that if the elevation or lowering range exceeds the diameter of a single pipe, in order to ensure the smooth discharge of liquid during elevation or fluidized material during lowering, multiple media pipe inlets 14 and media outlets can be vertically arranged. This allows for changing the inlet and outlet when sedimentation reaches a certain height, ensuring the smooth discharge of the corresponding material. Correspondingly, each media pipe inlet 14 is equipped with a one-way valve device 11, and all media outlets are connected to the filter device 7. Furthermore, the media pipe inlet 14 can also be located near the upper side of the height adjustment space, and the filter device 7 can also be located at the bottom of the height adjustment base plate 5. Specific arrangements can be made according to needs and are not limited here.

[0032] As a preferred example, the filter device 7 is configured with a gradient pore structure, with its pore size gradually decreasing along the direction from near to far from the height adjustment space. This structure ensures that the filter device 7 retains sufficient flow channels even after solid particles have settled, effectively preventing liquid discharge interruptions caused by clogging of the filter device 7 during support height adjustment.

[0033] As one example, multiple coaxial annular guide grooves 16 are provided on the height adjustment base plate 5 at the bottom of the height adjustment space. The annular guide grooves 16 are interconnected and connected to the medium pipeline inlet 14 and the medium outlet. Specifically, the medium pipeline inlet 14 is connected to the center of the height adjustment space (i.e., the center of the coaxial annular guide groove 16), and the medium outlet is connected to the outer periphery of the coaxial annular guide groove 16. This arrangement can reduce the flow velocity of the liquid-solid mixture in the height adjustment space, so that the solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture can be uniformly deposited during the flow process, avoiding the occurrence of medium flow deviation. This effectively prevents the lower base plate 4 from tilting due to uneven local accumulation of solid particles during the deposition process, thus achieving stable height adjustment of the support.

[0034] Preferably, the height adjustment system further includes an automatic control system 12 and an elevation monitoring sensor 15. The elevation monitoring sensor 15 is used to monitor the relative height between the lower base plate 4 and the height adjustment base plate 5 in real time. The automatic control system 12 is electrically connected to the elevation monitoring sensor 15, the high-pressure pump 13, and the lifting unit, respectively, and is used to control the lifting height of the lifting unit and the working state of the high-pressure pump 13 according to the feedback signal of the elevation monitoring sensor 15, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the support height. Through the above settings, it is convenient to realize real-time monitoring and online adjustment of the support height, thereby discovering and resolving potential risks in a timely manner, significantly improving the convenience of support height adjustment and the safety of support use.

[0035] Specifically, a circumferential sealing device 6 is provided between the lower seat plate 4 and the height adjustment base plate 5 to prevent leakage of the liquid-solid mixture from the mating gap between the lower seat plate 4 and the height adjustment base plate 5 during the operation of the liquid-solid filling unit. Optionally, the circumferential sealing device 6 is an annular sealing ring. Preferably, more than one circumferential sealing device 6 is provided in the vertical direction, which facilitates multiple sealing and effectively prevents liquid leakage in the height adjustment space. Optionally, the circumferential sealing device 6 is made of rubber and has a lip structure, thereby forming a good dynamic seal between it and the lower seat plate 4 and the height adjustment base plate 5. Preferably, the circumferential sealing device 6 is made of fluororubber or nitrile rubber. Preferably, an outlet sealing device 10 is provided at the medium outlet to prevent liquid leakage from the gap between the pipeline at the medium outlet and the height adjustment base plate 5.

[0036] As one optional example, the solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture are solid steel grit or solid zirconia ceramic microspheres, and the liquid in the liquid-solid mixture is a mixture based on a polyalphaolefin blend, wherein the volume percentage of the solid particles is 45% to 55%. The polyalphaolefin blend has a kinematic viscosity of 80-120 mmHg at 40°C. 2 The viscosity index is >140, and the pour point is <-40°C. The polyalphaolefin blend refers to a substance formed by blending two or more polyalphaolefins with different kinematic viscosities. It should be noted that the kinematic viscosity of a single polyalphaolefin (PAO) at 40°C cannot meet the above requirements; therefore, it is necessary to blend two or more single PAOs to form a base oil that meets the above requirements. The mixture also includes other substances such as thickeners, dispersants, antioxidants, and / or rust inhibitors, for example, a thickener with a volume fraction of 1.8%-2.5%, a dispersant with a volume fraction of 1%-1.5%, and an antioxidant with a volume fraction of 0.4%-0.6%. Optionally, the thickener is organic bentonite, specifically quaternary ammonium salt modified bentonite (such as BENTONE 34, used in conjunction with its corresponding polar activator, which will not be elaborated here), to increase the viscosity of the liquid-solid mixture, ensure the fluidity of the liquid-solid mixture during transport, and reduce sedimentation during transport; the dispersant is a polyether dispersant (such as polyetheramine, specifically a monofunctional polyetheramine with a molecular weight of 800-1200, such as FL-1000), which is used to prevent the agglomeration of solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture, ensuring its fluidity and uniformity during deposition; the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant, specifically 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol or phenyl-α-naphthylamine, which can ensure the stability of the liquid, thereby extending its service life; the rust inhibitor is a sulfonate rust inhibitor, specifically barium petroleum sulfonate or alkenyl succinate, which is used to protect the metal structure and solid particles to ensure its service life. The 45%–55% solid particle content ensures that the liquid-solid mixture maintains good fluidity under 2–5 MPa conditions to avoid pipe blockage, while also enabling rapid sedimentation and separation after entering the heightened space, thus achieving a balance between pumpability and deposition efficiency; the polyalphaolefin blend has an 80–120 mm diameter. 2 The viscosity range of / s ensures that solid particles remain stably suspended without settling during transport, while also allowing for smooth discharge from particle gaps within the height adjustment space, thus meeting the dual requirements of transport and deposition. The viscosity index setting of greater than 140 ensures that the viscosity of the mixture changes little within a temperature range of -30℃ to 80℃, meeting the requirements of the field working environment of bridges. The pour point of less than -40℃ ensures that the mixture remains pumpable in winter in frigid regions, and height adjustment operations can be started without additional heating, significantly improving its environmental adaptability and reliability.

[0037] Specifically, the solid particles include particles of various sizes. This arrangement facilitates increasing the packing density of the solid particles after deposition, thereby improving their support stability for the lower base plate 4.

[0038] Optionally, the solid particles have a coarse particle size of 300-450 μm and a mass percentage of 45%-65%; medium particles have a particle size of 150-250 μm and a mass percentage of 20%-30%; and fine particles have a particle size of 45-75 μm and a mass percentage of 15%-25%. The solid particles have a sphericity ≥0.85 and a Mohs hardness ≥7. Through the above configuration, on the one hand, the solid particles can achieve a progressively denser structure during deposition, with coarse particles forming the load-bearing skeleton and medium and fine particles filling the gaps between coarse particles, significantly improving the load-bearing density and stability of the particle layer. On the other hand, the contact mode between particles changes from point contact under a single particle size condition to surface contact under a mixture of different particle sizes, effectively reducing local stress concentration and avoiding the risk of particle breakage under high pressure loads. In addition, the multi-level particle size combination allows the deposited layer to form a more stable structure after compaction, and the interlocking and friction between particles are significantly enhanced, enabling the support to maintain a high degree of stability when bearing heavy loads and reducing the risk of settlement and deformation. Furthermore, the deposited layer formed by the multi-level particle size mixture still maintains a certain degree of permeability after compaction, providing the necessary channels for the discharge of fluidized materials formed during subsequent flushing with flushing fluid.

[0039] As one example, the support also includes a friction pair device 2, which comprises a first friction pair and a second friction pair. The first friction pair is disposed between the upper seat plate 1 and the middle seat plate, and the second friction pair is disposed between the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate 4. The lower surface of the middle seat plate is a spherical surface. The friction pair device 2 is used to meet the sliding and rotation requirements of the support during operation.

[0040] Optionally, the support further includes a sealing device 3, which includes a first sealing element and a second sealing element. The first sealing element is disposed between the upper seat plate and the middle seat plate, and the second sealing element is disposed between the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate 4. The first sealing element is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first friction pair, and the second sealing element is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second friction pair. The sealing device 3 is used to seal the area where the friction pair device 2 is located, preventing external debris from entering the area and causing an increase in the friction coefficient of the friction pair or abnormal wear.

[0041] It should be noted that the high-pressure pump 13 is also connected to a liquid replenishment device, which can be activated when the flushing fluid is insufficient to ensure the operation of the height adjustment. The liquid replenished by the replenishment device is the same as the liquid in the liquid-solid mixture to ensure liquid recycling. After replenishment is required, it can be determined whether solid particles need to be added based on the specific situation. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0042] This example further provides a height adjustment method for a fluid-solid coupling adjustable support, using the adjustable support as described above, including the following steps:

[0043] Step S1: Determine the type of support height adjustment, and determine the type of medium to be delivered to the height adjustment system based on the type;

[0044] Step S2: Activate the height adjustment system. When the height needs to be increased, a liquid-solid mixture is supplied to the height adjustment space to increase the amount of solid particles deposited therein. When the height needs to be decreased, flushing liquid is supplied to the height adjustment space, and the filter device therein is removed to reduce the amount of solid particles deposited therein.

[0045] Step S3: After reaching the target height, turn off the height adjustment system.

[0046] The above-described height adjustment method utilizes the settling property of solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture. These particles gradually settle as they are transported to the height adjustment space, forming a stable load-bearing structure through friction and interlocking between them. This provides stable support for the lower support plate 4 and its upper middle and upper support plates 1, increasing the support height. When a lowering of the support height is required, flushing fluid is used to wash away and discharge some of the particles, thus lowering the support height. This design allows for bidirectional height adjustment of the support, making it suitable for different application environments and significantly improving the flexibility of support adjustment. As mentioned above, the medium is a liquid-solid mixture or a flushing fluid.

[0047] Specifically, the height adjustment support includes the lifting unit as described above. In step S2, before conveying the medium, the lifting unit is used to lift the lower seat plate 4. The specific lifting height includes: when increasing the height, a preset increase is calculated based on the volume compression of the sediment. The lifting unit then lifts the lower seat plate 4 to the preset increase. Taking a sediment compression coefficient of 0.80 as an example, the preset increase is 125% of the actual required increase in height. For example, if a 10mm increase is required, the preset increase is 12.5mm, meaning the lifting height is 12.5mm. The specific compression amount is determined based on the type and composition of the solid particles, or based on the previous actual compaction conditions, and will not be discussed here. Furthermore, when lowering the height, the lifting height should be 1-3mm to separate the lower seat plate 4 from the compacted particle layer. Then, flushing fluid is introduced into the height adjustment space to flush out the compacted solid particles, thereby reducing the support height. Since the compacted solid particles will soften to some extent when flushing out, the lower seat plate 4 needs to be lifted, flushed, lowered and compacted, and the actual height checked repeatedly during the lowering operation until the target height is reached.

[0048] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "tail end," "head end," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connection situations between components in a specific state. They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0049] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A fluid-solid coupling type adjustable height support, characterized in that, The system includes an upper seat plate (1), a middle seat plate, a lower seat plate (4), and a height-adjusting base plate (5). The upper seat plate (1) is located above the middle seat plate, and the middle seat plate is located above the lower seat plate (4). An annular groove is formed on the height-adjusting base plate (5), and the lower seat plate (4) is at least partially located in the annular groove. A relatively sealed height-adjusting space is formed between the height-adjusting base plate (5) and the lower seat plate (4). The height-adjusting base plate (5) is connected to a height-adjusting system, which is used to deliver a liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid into the height-adjusting base plate (5). Solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture can be deposited in the height-adjusting space to increase the relative height between the lower seat plate (4) and the height-adjusting base plate (5). The flushing liquid can flush out the solid particles in the height-adjusting space, thereby reducing the relative height between the lower seat plate (4) and the height-adjusting base plate (5).

2. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment system includes a lifting unit and a liquid-solid filling unit. The lifting unit can lift the lower seat plate (4) during height adjustment to cooperate with the liquid-solid filling unit to deliver liquid-solid mixture or rinsing liquid into the height adjustment space. After the solid particles are deposited or rinsed, the lower seat plate (4) will lower to compact the deposited solid particles.

3. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting unit includes a lifting support and a lifting component. The lifting support and the lifting component are disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the lower seat plate (4) and the top surface of the height adjustment base plate (5). The lifting component can extend and retract relative to the lifting support to support the lifting support and drive the lower seat plate (4) to rise or fall.

4. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid-solid filling unit includes a storage tank (9), a high-pressure pump (13), a one-way valve device (11), and a filter device (7). The input end of the high-pressure pump (13) is connected to the storage tank (9), and the output end of the high-pressure pump (13) is connected to the height adjustment space through the medium pipeline inlet (14). The one-way valve device (11) is installed at the medium pipeline inlet to prevent liquid backflow in the height adjustment space. The filter device (7) is detachably installed at the medium outlet of the height adjustment base plate (5) to trap solid particles and allow liquid discharge during the height adjustment process. The filter device (7) is connected to the storage tank (9) through the medium pipeline outlet pipe (8).

5. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The filter device (7) is arranged in a gradient pore structure, and its filter pore size gradually decreases along the direction from near the height adjustment space to far away from the height adjustment space.

6. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment system also includes an automatic control system (12) and an elevation monitoring sensor (15). The elevation monitoring sensor (15) is used to monitor the relative height between the lower base plate (4) and the height adjustment base plate (5) in real time. The automatic control system (12) is electrically connected to the elevation monitoring sensor (15), the high-pressure pump (13) and the lifting unit respectively. It is used to control the lifting height of the lifting unit and the working status of the high-pressure pump (13) according to the feedback signal of the elevation monitoring sensor (15) to realize the automatic adjustment of the support height.

7. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An annular sealing device (6) is provided between the lower seat plate (4) and the height adjustment base plate (5) to prevent the liquid-solid mixture or flushing liquid from leaking from the mating gap between the lower seat plate (4) and the height adjustment base plate (5) when the liquid-solid filling unit is working.

8. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solid particles in the liquid-solid mixture are solid steel grit or solid zirconia ceramic microspheres, and the liquid in the liquid-solid mixture is a mixture based on a polyalphaolefin blend. The solid particles comprise 45% to 55% of the volume, and the polyalphaolefin blend has a kinematic viscosity of 80-120 mmHg at 40°C. 2 / s, viscosity index >140, pour point <-40°C.

9. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The solid particles include particles of various sizes.

10. The adjustable height support of the liquid-solid coupling type as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The solid particles have a coarse particle size of 300-450 μm and a mass percentage of 45%-65%; medium particles have a particle size of 150-250 μm and a mass percentage of 20%-30%; and fine particles have a particle size of 45-75 μm and a mass percentage of 15%-25%. The solid particles have a sphericity ≥0.85 and a Mohs hardness ≥7.

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