Deformable anti-seismic device suitable for tunnel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a deformable anti-seismic device suitable for a tunnel structure. The deformable anti-seismic device comprises an arc-shaped plate, a horizontal shock isolation assembly, a vertical shock absorption assembly and a splicing adaptation assembly, and the arc-shaped plate is made of a flexible deformation material and can generate flexible deformation along with deformation of the tunnel structure; the horizontal shock isolation assembly is used for buffering and dissipating shock energy in the horizontal direction of the tunnel. The vertical damping assembly is used for absorbing and eliminating vibration energy in the vertical direction of the tunnel; the splicing adaptation assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the arc-shaped plates and used for achieving splicing and fixing of the multiple arc-shaped plates. The horizontal seismic isolation assembly can efficiently dissipate horizontal seismic energy through relative sliding of all parts of the horizontal seismic isolation assembly, and horizontal vibration is effectively isolated; the vertical damping assemblies form a multi-stage damping system, and vertical vibration energy can be efficiently absorbed and dissipated. Compared with the prior art, all-directional and multi-layer response to earthquake action in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is achieved, the energy dissipation efficiency is higher, and the earthquake reduction and isolation performance is more reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to deformable seismic-resistant devices applicable to tunnel structures. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel engineering, earthquakes are one of the major hazards threatening structural safety. Seismic waves contain complex horizontal and vertical motion components, requiring comprehensive protection from seismic devices.

[0003] In existing technologies, seismic devices used in tunnels mostly adopt a horizontal and vertical split seismic structure design, which can only specifically deal with vibrations in a single direction of the tunnel. They lack a directional and coordinated vibration reduction mechanism for seismic waves in the horizontal and vertical directions. When faced with the combined horizontal and vertical vibrations generated by earthquakes, the vibration reduction effect is greatly reduced, and it is impossible to achieve all-round vibration buffering and energy dissipation. The tunnel structure is still prone to shear and tensile damage due to the undissipated vibration energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, a deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures is provided to solve the problem that tunnel structures are prone to shear and tensile damage due to vibration.

[0005] Embodiments of this application propose a deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures, comprising:

[0006] The arc-shaped plate is made of a flexible deformable material and can deform flexibly with the deformation of the tunnel structure.

[0007] A horizontal vibration isolation component is disposed at the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate to buffer and dissipate the horizontal vibration energy of the tunnel.

[0008] A vertical damping component is disposed inside the arc-shaped plate to absorb and dissipate vibration energy in the vertical direction of the tunnel.

[0009] A splicing adapter component is disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate to achieve splicing and fixing of multiple arc-shaped plates.

[0010] In one embodiment, the horizontal isolation component includes:

[0011] A fixing plate assembly is connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate;

[0012] A sliding rod, which is fixed inside the fixing plate assembly;

[0013] A sliding component, wherein the sliding component is slidably engaged with the slide rod;

[0014] A limiting spring is provided between the fixed plate assembly and the sliding assembly, and is used to drive the sliding assembly to reset and buffer horizontal vibration.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fixing plate assembly includes:

[0016] At least two fixing plates are arranged in a cross shape along the horizontal direction, and the fixing plates are detachably connected to each other.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sliding component includes:

[0018] A connecting plate, which is disposed on the fixing plate assembly;

[0019] The slider is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and slidably connected to the slide rod;

[0020] The slide cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and slidably connected to another slide rod.

[0021] In one embodiment, the limiting spring is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod that is slidably connected to the slide cylinder, and one end of the limiting spring is connected to the fixed plate assembly, and the other end is connected to the slide cylinder.

[0022] In one embodiment, the vertical damping assembly includes:

[0023] A fastener, which is connected to the top of the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate;

[0024] An elastic damping component is connected to the fixing component, and the elastic damping component is used to absorb at least part of the vertical vibration energy;

[0025] A vertical rod, the bottom end of which is connected to the horizontal vibration isolation assembly;

[0026] A swing damping assembly is connected between the elastic damper and the vertical rod, and the swing damping assembly is used to absorb at least another portion of the vertical vibration energy.

[0027] In one embodiment, the elastic damping element includes:

[0028] A round rod, the top end of which is connected to the fixing member;

[0029] A shock-absorbing spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the round rod, and a sliding member is connected to the bottom end of the shock-absorbing spring, which is slidably connected to the round rod.

[0030] In one embodiment, the oscillation damping assembly includes:

[0031] At least two swing rods, one of which is rotatably connected to the slider, and the other swing rod is rotatably connected to the vertical rod;

[0032] A spring damper is connected between adjacent swing arms.

[0033] In one embodiment, the splicing adapter component includes:

[0034] A slot is provided on one side of the curved plate;

[0035] An insert plate is fixed to the other side of the arc-shaped plate, and adjacent arc-shaped plates are spliced ​​together by inserting the insert plate into the slot.

[0036] In one embodiment, the splicing adapter component further includes:

[0037] Several sets of square slots, each set of square slots is respectively opened at the top and bottom of the inner wall of the slot and the middle of the insert plate, and the positions of the square slots in each set of square slots correspond one-to-one;

[0038] A square rod is embedded in each set of corresponding square grooves to achieve a mortise and tenon joint fixation between two adjacent arc-shaped plates.

[0039] According to the embodiments of this application, the deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures, in which the horizontal isolation components efficiently dissipate horizontal seismic energy and effectively isolate horizontal vibrations through the relative sliding of their components, and the vertical damping components form a multi-level damping system that efficiently absorbs and dissipates vertical vibration energy. Compared with the prior art, it achieves comprehensive and multi-level response to seismic forces in both horizontal and vertical directions, with higher energy dissipation efficiency and more reliable seismic isolation and damping performance. Furthermore, by using splicing adapter components to connect adjacent curved plates, the device can adapt to the usage requirements of tunnels of different specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a deformable seismic-resistant device applicable to tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal isolation component in a deformable seismic-resistant device applicable to tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slider in a deformable seismic-resistant device applicable to tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 4This is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical damping component in a deformable seismic-resistant device applicable to tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spring damper in a deformable seismic-resistant device applicable to tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deformable seismic-resistant device for tunnel structures according to an embodiment of this application, showing the splicing of the arc-shaped plates.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 1. Curved plate;

[0048] 2. Horizontal vibration isolation assembly; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Slide rod; 23. Limiting spring; 24. Connecting plate; 25. Slider; 26. Slide cylinder; 27. Fixing groove; 28. Bolt; 29. ​​Nut;

[0049] 3. Vertical damping assembly; 31. Fixing component; 32. Round rod; 33. Damping spring; 34. Sliding component; 35. Swing rod; 36. Spring damper; 37. Vertical rod; 38. Rotating groove; 39. Connecting component;

[0050] 4. Slot;

[0051] 5. Insert plate;

[0052] 6. Square groove;

[0053] 7. Square bar. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0056] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0059] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0060] See Figure 1 The embodiments of this application propose a deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures. The deformable seismic-resistant device includes an arc-shaped plate 1, a horizontal seismic isolation component 2, a vertical seismic damping component 3, and a splicing adapter component. The arc-shaped plate 1 is made of a flexible deformable material and can deform flexibly with the deformation of the tunnel structure. The horizontal seismic isolation component 2 is disposed at the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate 1 to buffer and dissipate the horizontal vibration energy of the tunnel. The vertical seismic damping component 3 is disposed inside the arc-shaped plate 1 to absorb and dissipate the vertical vibration energy of the tunnel. The splicing adapter component is disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate 1 to realize the splicing and fixing of multiple arc-shaped plates 1.

[0061] According to the embodiments of this application, the deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures, the horizontal isolation component 2 can efficiently dissipate horizontal seismic energy and effectively isolate horizontal vibrations through the relative sliding of its components; the vertical damping component 3 constitutes a multi-level damping system, which can efficiently absorb and dissipate vertical vibration energy. Compared with the prior art, it achieves a comprehensive and multi-level response to seismic forces in both horizontal and vertical directions, with higher energy dissipation efficiency and more reliable seismic isolation and damping performance. Furthermore, by using splicing adapter components to connect adjacent arc-shaped plates 1, the device can adapt to the usage requirements of tunnels of different specifications.

[0062] During operation, tunnels experience minute structural deformations due to factors such as geological settlement, changes in ground stress, and temperature fluctuations. The rigid main material of traditional seismic isolation devices cannot deform synchronously with the tunnel, easily leading to stress concentration at deformation points, causing device cracking, loose connections, or even functional failure. Flexible deformable materials, however, endow the arc-shaped plate 1 with the ability to deform moderately and synchronously with the tunnel structure. During deformation, the arc-shaped plate 1 will not experience brittle fracture, ensuring both the integrity of its own structure and preventing additional forces on the tunnel structure due to uncoordinated deformation. This fundamentally guarantees the compatibility between the device and the tunnel structure. Furthermore, the arc-shaped plate 1 serves as the mounting carrier for the horizontal isolation component 2 and the vertical damping component 3, enabling the integrated arrangement of various seismic isolation components.

[0063] In some embodiments, the horizontal seismic isolation component 2 is positioned at the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate 1. This installation position allows the component to directly receive the horizontal force transmitted by the arc-shaped plate 1, specifically buffering and dissipating the horizontal vibration energy of the tunnel. Specifically, the horizontal vibration generated by an earthquake causes lateral displacement and shear deformation in the tunnel structure, which is an important cause of tunnel lining cracking and support structure damage. The horizontal seismic isolation component 2, through the movement and deformation of its own structure, converts the horizontal vibration energy transmitted by the arc-shaped plate 1 into non-structurally destructive energy, such as frictional energy, thermal energy, and elastic potential energy, rather than directly transmitting the vibration energy to the main tunnel structure. This effectively weakens the horizontal vibration, avoids structural damage to the tunnel due to horizontal shear and displacement, and makes up for the shortcomings of traditional devices in protecting against horizontal vibration.

[0064] In some embodiments, the vertical damping component 3 is built into the arc-shaped plate 1, which not only makes full use of the internal space of the arc-shaped plate 1, making the device structure more compact, but also enables the vertical damping component 3 and the arc-shaped plate 1 to form a close mechanical transmission relationship, absorbing and dissipating the vertical vibration energy of the tunnel. Specifically, the vertical vibration generated by an earthquake will cause the tunnel structure to vibrate up and down, causing tensile and compressive deformation of the tunnel. In severe cases, it can cause the tunnel roof to collapse and the floor to bulge. The vertical damping component 3 absorbs and dissipates the vertical vibration energy transmitted by the arc-shaped plate 1 in layers through its own elastic deformation and relative movement of components, effectively offsetting the tensile and compressive effects of vertical vibration on the tunnel structure, avoiding problems such as collapse and cracking of the tunnel due to vertical structural deformation, and achieving protection against vertical vibration.

[0065] In some embodiments, splicing adapter components are disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate 1 to achieve splicing and fixing of multiple arc-shaped plates 1. The coverage of a single arc-shaped plate 1 is limited and cannot meet the seismic protection requirements of tunnels of different lengths and inner diameters. However, the splicing adapter components enable the arc-shaped plate 1 to have modular splicing capabilities. It can be flexibly spliced ​​and combined according to the actual specifications of the tunnel, different inner diameters and / or lengths, realizing the laying of seismic devices throughout the tunnel. This allows the tunnel to form an integrated seismic protection system from the entrance to the interior, solving the problem that traditional seismic devices can only protect local parts of the tunnel and have gaps in protection. At the same time, modular splicing also makes the on-site installation and transportation of the device more convenient and reduces the construction difficulty.

[0066] The above design solves the problems of traditional tunnel seismic devices having a single seismic direction and being unable to cope with complex vibrations, as well as the problems of rigid structures having poor adaptability and being prone to failure due to minor tunnel deformations. This improves the overall seismic stability and long-term operational safety of the tunnel structure. In addition, the modular component design makes the production, assembly, and maintenance of the device more convenient. Individual components can be replaced separately if damaged, without the need to dismantle the entire device, effectively reducing the later maintenance costs of the tunnel.

[0067] In some embodiments, the curved plate 1 is made of alloy steel, such as Q345GJ or similar bridge structural steel, which not only has high yield strength and tensile strength, but also good plastic deformation capacity and impact toughness, and can undergo certain deformation under strong earthquakes without easily fracturing. Through reasonable material ratios, alloy steel combines high-strength mechanical properties with controllable flexible deformation capacity. It retains the inherent characteristics of high tensile strength, high compressive strength, and high structural strength of steel itself, while also achieving the appropriate flexible deformation required for small deformations in the tunnel structure. At the same time, alloy steel has excellent forming and processing performance, and can be precisely manufactured into an arc-shaped structure that matches the curvature of the tunnel inner wall, meeting the mechanical design requirements of the curved plate 1 fitting the tunnel inner wall and dispersing soil pressure.

[0068] The high tensile and compressive strength of alloy steel allows the arc-shaped plate 1 to effectively withstand the lateral pressure of the surrounding soil, ground stress, and various external loads, preventing plastic deformation or structural damage due to long-term pressure. This ensures the structural stability of the arc-shaped plate 1 as the installation carrier for the horizontal isolation component 2 and the vertical damping component 3, providing a solid and non-deformable mechanical support foundation for each seismic component. This ensures that the isolation and damping components are always in their preset working positions and perform their normal seismic functions. The flexible deformation capability of alloy steel allows the arc-shaped plate 1 to deform synchronously and moderately with the minor structural deformations caused by geological settlement, temperature rise and fall, and ground stress adjustment in the tunnel, without brittle fracture during deformation. This material-level avoids stress concentration in the plate or connection parts caused by deformation incoordination of traditional rigid materials, ensuring the structural integrity of the arc-shaped plate 1 itself while also preventing the device from exerting additional deformation forces on the tunnel structure, maintaining the compatibility between the device and the tunnel structure. The mechanical properties of alloy steel work synergistically with the curved surface structure of the arc plate 1. When subjected to the pressure of the soil around the tunnel, it can evenly distribute the pressure to the entire surface of the arc plate 1, avoiding cracking and damage of the plate due to excessive local stress. At the same time, when subjected to the force of seismic vibration or tunnel structural deformation, the arc plate 1 of alloy steel can absorb and release some energy through its own bending deformation, realizing the initial buffering and energy absorption of the vibration and deformation forces. Together with the subsequent horizontal isolation component 2 and vertical damping component 3, it forms a seismic resistance layer and improves the overall vibration reduction effect of the device.

[0069] In addition, alloy steel has good fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, which can adapt to the complex operating environment of tunnels with moisture and multi-media corrosion, effectively delaying the aging and damage of the arc plate 1, extending its service life, and thus reducing the frequency and cost of later maintenance of the device. At the same time, alloy steel has good processing and formability, and the size and surface shape of the arc plate 1 can be precisely customized according to the inner diameter and curvature of different highway and railway tunnels, improving the adaptability of the device to tunnels of different specifications, and making the production and processing of the arc plate 1 more standardized and convenient.

[0070] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the horizontal vibration isolation component 2 includes a fixed plate assembly, a slide rod 22, a sliding component, and a limiting spring 23. The fixed plate assembly is connected to the bottom end of the arc plate 1. The slide rod 22 is fixed inside the fixed plate assembly. The sliding component slides in cooperation with the slide rod 22. The limiting spring 23 is located between the fixed plate assembly and the sliding component and is used to drive the sliding component to reset and buffer horizontal vibration.

[0071] With the above configuration, the fixed plate assembly is directly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate 1, enabling it to directly receive the horizontal vibration force transmitted by the arc-shaped plate 1. This concentrates the vibration energy within the isolation assembly, preventing energy diffusion to the main tunnel structure. The sliding rod 22 is fixed inside the fixed plate assembly, providing a stable horizontal guide path for the sliding assembly. This ensures the sliding assembly can only reciprocate horizontally, precisely matching the force direction of the horizontal vibration and preventing the sliding assembly from tilting or swaying during vibration. The sliding assembly and sliding rod 22 form a sliding fit. The friction generated when they contact each other converts the mechanical energy of the sliding assembly's movement into frictional and thermal energy, achieving initial dissipation of horizontal vibration energy and weakening the impact intensity of the vibration on the tunnel structure. The limiting spring 23 is installed between the fixed plate assembly and the sliding assembly. It can absorb some vibration energy through its own elastic deformation during the movement of the sliding assembly, and release stored elastic potential energy after the vibration weakens or stops, driving the sliding assembly back to its initial position to prepare for the next vibration.

[0072] In some embodiments, the fixing plate assembly includes at least two fixing plates 21, which are arranged in a cross shape along the horizontal direction and are detachably connected to each other.

[0073] In some embodiments, the sliding assembly includes a connecting plate 24, a slider 25, and a sliding cylinder 26. The connecting plate 24 is disposed on the fixed plate assembly. The slider 25 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 24 and slidably connected to the sliding rod 22. The sliding cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 24 and slidably connected to another sliding rod 22.

[0074] Specifically, two sliders 25 are connected to each side of the bottom end of the connecting plate 24, and a sliding cylinder 26 is connected to the middle of the bottom end of the connecting plate 24. The sliders 25 are slidably connected to the sliding rods 22 on the sides, and the sliding cylinder 26 is slidably connected to the sliding rods 22 in the middle. The fixing plate 21 and the connecting plate 24 are made of high-quality carbon structural steel. This material has high strength, hardness and good processing performance, can withstand large forces, and ensures the firmness of the connection when connected with other components.

[0075] Specifically, there are three slide rods 22, including two slide rods 22 located on the side and one slide rod 22 located in the middle. The slider 25 is slidably connected to the slide rods 22 on the side, the slide cylinder 26 is slidably connected to the slide rod 22 in the middle, and the limiting spring 23 is sleeved on the slide rod 22 in the middle.

[0076] Through the above arrangement, the layout of the three slide rods 22 makes the force on the sliding component more balanced. The side slide rods 22 provide lateral guidance and support for the sliding component through the sliders 25, while the middle slide rod 22 provides the central guidance and force point through the slide cylinder 26. The three work together to prevent the sliding component from tilting or getting stuck during sliding, ensuring smooth sliding motion. The limiting spring 23 is sleeved on the middle slide rod 22, which can not only fit tightly against the slide cylinder 26 to achieve precise transmission of elastic force, but also make full use of the space of the middle slide rod 22, making the structural layout more compact. At the same time, the installation method in the middle position makes the stretching and compression of the limiting spring 23 more uniform, avoiding deformation or failure caused by uneven spring force, further improving the buffering effect and reset reliability.

[0077] The two fixing plates 21 are detachably connected by their respective connecting plates 24. Specifically, the four corners of the connecting plate 24 are provided with fixing grooves 27, and bolts 28 are connected inside the fixing grooves 27. One end of the bolt 28 is threaded with a nut 29. The two corresponding connecting plates 24 are connected by bolts 28 and nuts 29.

[0078] With the above configuration, when the tunnel encounters horizontal vibrations, the arc-shaped plate 1 will cause the connected fixed plate 21 to have a horizontal displacement tendency. At this time, the slider 25 and the sliding cylinder 26 on the connecting plate 24 will slide along the corresponding sliding rod 22. This sliding causes relative displacement between the fixed plate 21 and the connecting plate 24, which can convert vibration energy into frictional energy and heat energy between the slider 25, the sliding cylinder 26 and the sliding rod 22, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration energy to other parts of the tunnel structure. The connecting plate 24 and the fixed plate 21, made of high-quality carbon structural steel, provide a stable structural foundation for this relative movement, preventing the components from deforming or being damaged during the stress process, and ensuring the effective transmission of force and the smooth progress of the energy conversion process. The connection method of bolts 28 and nuts 29 can firmly connect the two fixed plates 21 without affecting the omnidirectional force characteristics brought about by the cross-shaped arrangement, so that the entire horizontal seismic isolation component 2 forms a unified load-bearing and energy-dissipating whole.

[0079] Meanwhile, the structure of the slider 25 cooperating with the side slide rod 22 and the slide cylinder 26 cooperating with the central slide rod 22 makes the force on the sliding component more balanced, avoiding tilting or jamming during sliding, ensuring smooth movement and improving the efficiency of friction energy dissipation; the selection of high-quality carbon structural steel enhances the load-bearing capacity and durability of the connecting plate 24 and the fixing plate 21, extends the service life of the component, and can withstand the repeated forces caused by vibration for a long time; the detachable connection design of bolts 28 and nuts 29 allows the device to be disassembled during transportation, which is especially suitable for tunnel construction sites with limited space. After disassembly, it can be transported to the site separately and then reassembled, reducing transportation difficulty; during later maintenance, if a component is damaged, the damaged component can be replaced individually by disassembling bolts 28 and nuts 29 without disassembling the entire horizontal vibration isolation component 2, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost; this connection method also ensures the firmness of the connection between the two fixing plate components, and will not loosen during vibration, ensuring the overall stability of the horizontal vibration isolation component 2, so that the cooperation of slider 25, slide cylinder 26 and slide rod 22 is always in the preset state, and continuously plays a vibration reduction role.

[0080] In some embodiments, the limiting spring 23 is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod 22 which is slidably connected to the slide cylinder 26, and one end of the limiting spring 23 is connected to the fixed plate assembly, and the other end is connected to the slide cylinder 26.

[0081] Specifically, the limiting spring 23 can be made of spring steel, which has high elastic limit, yield strength and fatigue strength, and can meet the requirements of use under repeated vibration.

[0082] With the above configuration, when the tunnel experiences horizontal vibration, the arc-shaped plate 1 will cause the fixed plate 21 to shift horizontally, thereby causing the slide cylinder 26 to slide along the central slide rod 22. During the sliding process, the slide cylinder 26 will directly pull or compress the limiting spring 23, causing the limiting spring 23 to undergo elastic deformation. In the initial stage of vibration, the elastic deformation of the limiting spring 23 can actively absorb some of the vibration energy, converting it into elastic potential energy, thus preventing the vibration energy from being directly transmitted to the tunnel structure. When the vibration weakens or stops, the elastic potential energy stored in the limiting spring 23 will be released naturally, generating a reverse force to push the slide cylinder 26 back to its initial position along the slide rod 22, preparing for the next vibration. The movable sleeve installation method allows the limiting spring 23 to always extend and retract along the axis of the slide rod 22, preventing the spring from shifting or twisting and ensuring the accurate transmission of elastic force.

[0083] The material properties of spring steel allow the limiting spring 23 to quickly deform elastically and return to its original shape, ensuring the normal operation of the horizontal vibration isolation component 2 and maintaining stable performance even under frequent vibrations. The elastic deformation of the limiting spring 23 achieves secondary buffering of vibration energy. Combined with the frictional energy dissipation between the slider 25, the slide cylinder 26, and the slide rod 22, it further improves the dissipation efficiency of horizontal vibration energy and reduces the direct impact of horizontal vibrations on the tunnel structure. The post-vibration reset function keeps the sliding component in the preset working position, ensuring that the slider 25 and the slide cylinder 26 can respond in time and play an energy dissipation role when subsequent vibrations occur. The movable sleeve structure makes the fit between the limiting spring 23 and the slide rod 22 and the slide cylinder 26 more compact, with a compact layout that does not occupy extra space. At the same time, it avoids interference with other components during spring deformation, extending the service life of the component. The buffering effect of the limiting spring 23 can also reduce the collision between the slide cylinder 26 and the fixed plate component, reduce component wear, and further improve the overall durability of the horizontal vibration isolation component 2.

[0084] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the vertical damping assembly 3 includes a fixing member 31, an elastic damping member, a vertical rod 37, and a swing damping assembly. The fixing member 31 is connected to the top of the inner wall of the arc plate 1; the elastic damping member is connected to the fixing member 31 and is used to absorb at least part of the vertical vibration energy; the bottom end of the vertical rod 37 is connected to the horizontal vibration isolation assembly 2; the swing damping assembly is connected between the elastic damping member and the vertical rod 37 and is used to absorb at least another part of the vertical vibration energy.

[0085] Specifically, the fixing member 31 is directly connected to the top of the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 1, and the elastic damping member is connected to the fixing member 31 to absorb at least part of the vertical vibration energy. The bottom end of the vertical rod 37 is connected to the horizontal vibration isolation assembly 2, and the swing damping assembly is connected between the elastic damping member and the vertical rod 37 to absorb at least another part of the vertical vibration energy. The fixing member 31, the sliding member 34, and the vertical rod 37 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy.

[0086] When the tunnel is subjected to vertical vibration, the arc-shaped plate 1 will tend to move up and down, which in turn will cause the fixed component 31 connected to it to move up and down synchronously. The movement of the fixed component 31 directly acts on the elastic damping component, which will be compressed or stretched accordingly. Through its own elastic deformation, it converts part of the vertical vibration energy into elastic potential energy, achieving the first level of energy absorption and initially weakening the intensity of the vertical vibration. The remaining vibration energy that is not absorbed by the elastic damping component will be transferred to the swing damping component, which will further transfer the energy to the vertical rod 37. The bottom end of the vertical rod 37 is connected to the horizontal vibration isolation component 2, so that the vertical vibration energy is not concentrated in a single component, but forms an energy transfer path across components. At the same time, the aluminum alloy fixed component 31, sliding component 34 and vertical rod 37, while ensuring that the structural strength is sufficient to withstand the vibration force, reduce the overall weight of the components, making the relative movement of each component smoother and reducing the impact of motion resistance on the energy transfer and absorption process.

[0087] Through the above configuration, layered absorption of vertical vibration energy is achieved. Elastic damping components handle the first level of energy absorption, while the oscillating damping assembly handles the second level, forming a multi-layered damping system. This improves vertical damping efficiency and prevents insufficient energy absorption by a single damping structure from transmitting vibration energy to the tunnel structure. The use of high-strength aluminum alloy ensures the load-bearing capacity of each component while reducing the overall weight of the device, facilitating on-site installation and subsequent maintenance. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy allows it to adapt to the humid environment inside the tunnel, extending the service life of the components. The connection between the vertical rod 37 and the horizontal isolation assembly 2 allows both components to respond synchronously when the tunnel encounters combined vibrations. Simultaneously, it gives the vertical damping assembly 3 a certain degree of deformation adaptability. When the tunnel undergoes minor deformation due to changes in geological conditions, the relative movement and elastic deformation between the components can adapt to these changes, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the damping function and maintaining the stability of the tunnel structure.

[0088] In some embodiments, the elastic damping component includes a round rod 32 and a damping spring 33. The top end of the round rod 32 is connected to the fixing member 31. The elastic damping component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the round rod 32, and the bottom end of the elastic damping component is connected to a slider 34, which is slidably connected to the round rod 32. Specifically, the slider 34 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the round rod 32 of the vertical damping assembly 3 and forms a slidable connection with the round rod 32, and is located at the bottom end of the elastic damping component, below the fixing member 31 of the vertical damping assembly 3. The damping spring 33 is made of high-quality spring steel, possessing high elastic limit and fatigue strength, enabling it to quickly generate elastic deformation and return to its original shape after vibration weakens, ensuring the stable realization of energy absorption and reset functions.

[0089] In some embodiments, the fixing member 31, the sliding member 34 and the vertical rod 37 may be made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which has the advantages of being lightweight, high-strength and corrosion-resistant.

[0090] In some embodiments, the slider 34 has rotating grooves 38 on both sides. The top end of the top swing rod 35 is rotatably connected to the slider 34 through the rotating grooves 38, and the bottom end of the bottom swing rod 35 is rotatably connected to the top of the vertical rod 37 through the connector 39. Specifically, the fixing member 31, the slider 34, and the vertical rod 37 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the connector 39 is movably inserted through one end of the swing rod 35 to ensure flexibility during rotation.

[0091] With the above configuration, when the tunnel is subjected to vertical vibration, the arc plate 1 will exhibit a tendency to move up and down, causing the fixed component 31 to move synchronously. This, in turn, compresses or stretches the damping spring 33, and the slider 34 slides up and down along the round rod 32. As the slider 34 slides, its two rotating slots 38 drive the top swing rod 35 to move synchronously. Since the top swing rod 35 is rotatably connected to the slider 34, and the bottom swing rod 35 is rotatably connected to the vertical rod 37, this double-rotational connection structure allows the swing rod 35 to rotate flexibly around the connection point. During the rotation of the swing rod 35, it directly stretches or compresses the spring dampers 36 connected at both ends. The spring dampers 36 absorb and dissipate vibration energy using their own damping characteristics, working synergistically with the elastic buffering of the damping spring 33. The aluminum alloy slider 34 and vertical rod 37, while ensuring structural strength, reduce component weight, making rotation and sliding movements smoother and reducing the impact of motion resistance on energy transfer.

[0092] The rotating groove 38 and the connecting piece 39 ensure that the swing rod 35 can respond accurately and rotate around the preset trajectory when the slider 34 slides up and down, avoiding jamming or deviation, and ensuring that the spring damper 36 can be evenly stressed. This connection structure realizes the layered transmission of vertical vibration energy. The sliding energy of the slider 34 is converted into the deformation energy of the spring damper 36 through the swing rod 35, allowing the vibration energy to be further dissipated, forming a multi-layered damping system and improving the damping effect in the vertical direction. The use of high-strength aluminum alloy material ensures that the structural strength is sufficient to withstand the vibration force while reducing the overall weight of the device, making it easier to install. The aluminum alloy's corrosion resistance allows it to adapt to the humid environment inside the tunnel, extending the service life of the components. The rotating connection allows for a certain relative movement space between the various components of the vertical damping assembly 3. When the tunnel undergoes minor deformation due to changes in geological conditions, the relative movement and elastic deformation between the components can adapt to this deformation, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the damping function and maintaining the stability of the tunnel structure. The flexible rotation of the swing rod 35 can also disperse the force transmitted by the sliding member 34, avoiding stress concentration at a certain connection point, reducing the risk of component damage, and further improving the overall stability and durability of the vertical damping assembly 3.

[0093] In some embodiments, the surface of the slide rod 22 has a wear-resistant coating, which is a chromium plating layer. When the horizontal vibration isolation assembly 2 is working, frequent relative sliding occurs between the slider 25 and the side slide rod 22, and between the slide cylinder 26 and the central slide rod 22. This sliding is particularly persistent when the tunnel experiences multiple horizontal vibrations, and long-term friction can easily lead to wear on the surface of the slide rod 22, affecting the smoothness of the sliding fit and even causing jamming. The chromium plating layer has extremely high surface hardness and excellent wear resistance, forming a hard protective barrier on the surface of the slide rod 22. This transforms the direct friction between the slider 25, slide cylinder 26, and slide rod 22 into friction between the chromium plating layer and the slider 25, slide cylinder 26, reducing wear on the slide rod 22 body. Simultaneously, the chromium plating layer also has good smoothness, reducing frictional resistance during sliding of the slider 25 and slide cylinder 26, making relative movement smoother and ensuring efficient conversion of vibration energy into frictional and thermal energy.

[0094] Through the above-mentioned design, the high hardness and wear resistance of the chrome plating layer effectively reduce the wear of the slider 25 and the slide cylinder 26 on the slide rod 22 during sliding, preventing the slide rod 22 from becoming uneven due to long-term use, maintaining the fitting accuracy between the slide rod 22 and the slider 25 and the slide cylinder 26, and ensuring that the horizontal vibration isolation component 2 can always respond flexibly to horizontal vibrations. The service life of the slide rod 22 is extended, eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the slide rod 22, reducing the frequency and cost of later tunnel maintenance. The reduced frictional resistance makes the sliding of the slider 25 and the slide cylinder 26 smoother, preventing the vibration energy from not being converted in time due to excessive frictional resistance, ensuring the efficiency of frictional energy dissipation, and thus improving the overall vibration reduction effect of the horizontal vibration isolation component 2. The chrome plating layer also has certain corrosion resistance properties, which can resist the erosion of the slide rod 22 by the humid environment inside the tunnel, further protecting the slide rod 22 body, preventing rust from affecting the sliding fit, and allowing the horizontal vibration isolation component 2 to work stably in complex environments. This design allows the slide bar 22 to maintain its structural integrity and functional stability even under long-term repeated friction and vibration forces, providing a reliable guarantee for the continuous and effective operation of the horizontal isolation component 2.

[0095] Specifically, the movement of the fixing component 31 is directly transmitted to the round rod 32. The round rod 32, as a rigid support structure, provides a stable mounting and movement reference for the damping spring 33 and the slider 34, limiting their movement trajectories and ensuring they move only in the vertical direction. The damping spring 33 is compressed or stretched along with the movement of the fixing component 31, converting some of the vertical vibration energy into elastic potential energy through its own elastic deformation, achieving the first level of absorption of vertical vibration energy. Simultaneously, the slider 34 forms a sliding fit with the round rod 32. During the compression or stretching of the damping spring 33, the slider 34 slides synchronously up and down along the round rod 32, making the deformation of the damping spring 33 smoother and more uniform, preventing displacement or twisting, and ensuring the stable conversion of elastic potential energy. The high-strength aluminum alloy fixing component 31, slider 34, and round rod 32, while ensuring sufficient structural strength to withstand vibration forces, reduce the overall weight of the components, decrease resistance during movement, and make energy transfer and deformation processes smoother. The shock-absorbing spring 33, made of high-quality spring steel, has high elastic limit, yield strength and fatigue strength. It can quickly generate elastic deformation and quickly return to its original shape after the vibration is weakened, ensuring the stable realization of energy absorption and reset functions.

[0096] Through the above configuration, the circular rod 32 provides precise vertical guidance for the damping spring 33 and the slider 34, preventing the damping spring 33 from skewing during deformation and ensuring that the damping spring 33 is evenly stressed, thus improving the stability and efficiency of energy absorption. The elastic deformation of the damping spring 33 effectively absorbs vertical vibration energy, converting vibration energy that could potentially damage the tunnel structure into harmless elastic potential energy, initially weakening the impact of vertical vibration on the tunnel structure. The sliding cooperation between the slider 34 and the circular rod 32 makes the compression and extension of the damping spring 33 smoother, reducing the impact of motion resistance on energy absorption, and preventing fatigue damage to the damping spring 33 due to uneven stress, thus extending the service life of the damping spring 33. The selection of high-strength aluminum alloy material ensures the load-bearing capacity and durability of each component, while reducing the overall weight of the device, facilitating on-site installation and subsequent maintenance. Its corrosion-resistant properties also allow it to adapt to the humid environment inside the tunnel, further extending the service life of the components. This structural design endows the elastic damping components with stable energy absorption capabilities and excellent smoothness of movement, laying the foundation for the multi-layered damping system of the vertical damping component 3. Working in synergy with the subsequent swing damping components, it significantly improves the overall damping effect in the vertical direction. Simultaneously, the relative movement and elastic deformation capabilities between the components allow the elastic damping components to adapt to minor deformations caused by changes in geological conditions in the tunnel, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the damping function and maintaining the stability of the tunnel structure.

[0097] In some embodiments, the swing damping assembly includes at least two swing rods 35 and a spring damper 36, one swing rod 35 being rotatably connected to a slider 34 and the other swing rod 35 being rotatably connected to a vertical rod 37; the spring damper 36 is connected between adjacent swing rods 35.

[0098] Through the above configuration, the combination of the swing damping component and the elastic damping element achieves layered absorption of vertical vibration energy. The damping spring 33 completes the first level of energy absorption, and the spring damper 36 completes the second level of energy absorption, forming a multi-layered damping system. This significantly improves the overall damping effect in the vertical direction, making it difficult for vertical vibration energy to be transmitted to the tunnel's main structure. The cooperation of at least two swing rods 35 in transmitting force ensures that the force on the spring damper 36 remains uniform, preventing deformation or damage due to excessive force on one side and effectively extending its service life. The combination of spring steel and rubber composite material gives the spring damper 36 both good elasticity and damping characteristics, enabling it to more efficiently convert vibration energy into non-structural destructive energy such as heat, further improving energy dissipation efficiency. Each swing rod 35 is rotatably connected to the slide 34 and the vertical rod 37, allowing sufficient relative movement space between the components of the swing damping assembly. When the tunnel undergoes minor deformation due to changes in geological conditions or temperature fluctuations, the relative rotation between components, combined with the elastic deformation of the spring damper 36, can easily adapt to this structural deformation, ensuring the continuous and effective damping function of the swing damping assembly. Simultaneously, the rotation of the swing rod 35 effectively disperses the force transmitted by the slide 34, preventing stress concentration at a single connection point, reducing the risk of damage to the connection point and other components, further enhancing the overall structural stability of the vertical damping assembly 3, and enabling the device to stably perform its damping function over a long period.

[0099] See Figure 6In some embodiments, the splicing adapter component includes a slot 4 and an insert plate 5. The slot 4 is located on one side of the arc-shaped plate 1; the insert plate 5 is fixed to the other side of the arc-shaped plate 1. Adjacent arc-shaped plates 1 are spliced ​​together by inserting the insert plate 5 into the slot 4. The insert plate 5 is made of the same high-strength alloy steel as the arc-shaped plate 1. This material provides the insert plate 5 with sufficient strength and durability, while the toughness of the steel allows the insert plate 5 to adapt to structural deformation to a certain extent without brittle fracture. The shape matching of the slot 4 and the insert plate 5 provides a basic splicing connection for adjacent arc-shaped plates 1. The initial fixation is achieved by the insertion of the two, allowing multiple arc-shaped plates 1 to be spliced ​​sequentially along the circumference and length of the tunnel, thereby forming an overall seismic device that can cover the entire tunnel section. The interlocking method makes the splicing of adjacent curved plates 1 more convenient and can improve the efficiency of on-site construction. At the same time, the matching shape of the connection form gives the initial splicing a certain degree of firmness, laying the foundation for subsequent mortise and tenon fixing. The material characteristics of the interlocking plate 5 also allow it to deform appropriately with the curved plate 1, avoiding cracking at the splicing point due to excessive material rigidity.

[0100] In some embodiments, the splicing adapter component further includes several sets of square slots 6 and square rods 7. Each set of square slots 6 is respectively opened at the top and bottom of the inner wall of the slot 4 and the middle of the insert plate 5. The positions of the square slots 6 in each set of square slots 6 correspond one to one. The square rods 7 are embedded in the corresponding square slots 6 in each set of square slots 6 to realize the joint fixing of two adjacent arc plates 1.

[0101] Specifically, the square rod 7 and the square groove 6 are connected by mortise and tenon joints. The square rod 7 is made of the same flexible deformable material as the arc plate 1, and can deform moderately with the arc plate 1. By using splicing adapter components that allow moderate deformation to splice adjacent arc plates 1, the device can adapt to the deformation of the tunnel caused by factors such as temperature changes or geological settlement, effectively avoiding stress concentration caused by structural deformation incoordination, and ensuring the reliability of the connection and the long-term stability of the entire tunnel structure.

[0102] Through the above-mentioned design, the mortise and tenon connection itself possesses a certain degree of self-locking and stability, further strengthening the connection between adjacent curved plates 1 on the basis of the interlocking, allowing the spliced ​​curved plates 1 to form a tight whole. At the same time, the cooperation between the slot 4 and the insert plate 5, along with the mortise and tenon connection between the square rod 7 and the square groove 6, allows the spliced ​​structure to allow a certain degree of relative displacement and deformation while ensuring its firmness. When the tunnel deforms due to factors such as temperature changes or geological subsidence, the components of the splicing adapter can adapt to this structural change through their own deformation and slight relative movement, effectively avoiding stress concentration at the splicing point due to structural deformation incoordination. The mortise and tenon joint significantly enhances the connection strength of adjacent curved plates 1, effectively withstanding the pressure and vibration from the surrounding soil, preventing loosening or detachment at the joint. The self-locking property of the mortise and tenon joint further ensures the reliability of the connection. The flexible deformable material of the square rod 7 gives the splicing structure good deformation adaptability, allowing it to deform appropriately in sync with the curved plate 1 and the tunnel structure, avoiding stress concentration that could damage the splicing parts and ensuring the long-term stability of the entire tunnel structure. The cooperation of multiple square grooves 6 and square rods 7 makes the force at the splicing parts more even, dispersing local stress and extending the service life of the splicing adapter components.

[0103] In some embodiments, the middle of both sides of the arc plate 1 is provided with a serrated structure for positioning during the splicing process. After the splicing is completed, the serrated structure can be polished to make the surface of the arc plate 1 smooth and fit tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0104] During the splicing process, the serrated structures of adjacent arc-shaped plates 1 interlock, limiting the circumferential displacement of the arc-shaped plates 1 during splicing. This provides a precise positioning reference for the insertion of the insert plate 5 into the slot 4 and the mortise and tenon joint of the square rod 7 into the square groove 6, ensuring accurate alignment of each splicing component and guaranteeing splicing precision. After splicing, the serrated structures are ground to eliminate any protrusions on the surface of the arc-shaped plates 1, keeping the outer surface of the arc-shaped plates 1 flat and smooth. This allows for full contact with the tunnel wall, ensuring that the arc-shaped plates 1 can evenly distribute the pressure of the surrounding soil across the entire arc-shaped surface.

[0105] Through the above-mentioned setup, the interlocking of the sawtooth structure achieves precise positioning of the arc plate 1 splicing, avoiding problems such as loose insertion of the insert plate 5 and slot 4, and misalignment of the square rod 7 and square groove 6 caused by misalignment during splicing, thus improving the accuracy and efficiency of splicing construction. The smooth surface of the arc plate 1 after grinding ensures close contact with the tunnel wall, guaranteeing the uniform distribution of soil pressure and preventing deformation of the arc plate 1 or damage to the tunnel wall caused by local pressure concentration. The grinding operation makes the device fit better with the tunnel structure, further improving the structural stability of the entire seismic device. At the same time, the smooth surface also reduces stress friction between the device and the tunnel wall, extending the overall service life of the device.

[0106] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0107] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures, characterized in that, include: The arc-shaped plate (1) is made of a flexible deformable material and can deform flexibly with the deformation of the tunnel structure. A horizontal vibration isolation component (2) is disposed at the bottom end of the arc plate (1) to buffer and dissipate the vibration energy in the horizontal direction of the tunnel. Vertical damping component (3), which is disposed inside the arc plate (1) to absorb and dissipate the vertical vibration energy of the tunnel; A splicing adapter component is disposed on both sides of the arc plate (1) to achieve splicing and fixing of multiple arc plates (1).

2. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal isolation component (2) includes: A fixing plate (21) assembly is connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate (1); A slide bar (22) is fixed inside the fixing plate (21) assembly; A sliding assembly that is slidably engaged with the slide rod (22); A limiting spring (23) is provided between the fixed plate (21) assembly and the sliding assembly, and is used to drive the sliding assembly to reset and buffer horizontal vibration.

3. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing plate (21) assembly includes: At least two fixing plates (21) are arranged in a cross shape along the horizontal direction, and each fixing plate (21) is detachably connected to the other.

4. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding component includes: A connecting plate (24) is disposed on the fixing plate (21) assembly; The slider (25) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (24), and the slider (25) is slidably connected to the slide rod (22); The slide cylinder (26) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (24) and slidably connected to another slide rod (22).

5. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting spring (23) is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod (22) which is slidably connected to the slide cylinder (26), and one end of the limiting spring (23) is connected to the fixing plate (21) assembly, and the other end is connected to the slide cylinder (26).

6. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical damping component (3) includes: A fastener (31) is connected to the top of the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate (1); An elastic damping element is connected to the fixing element (31) and is used to absorb at least part of the vertical vibration energy. A vertical rod (37) is provided, the bottom end of which is connected to the horizontal vibration isolation assembly (2). A swing damping assembly is connected between the elastic damper and the vertical rod (37) and is used to absorb at least another portion of the vertical vibration energy.

7. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic damping component includes: A round rod (32), the top end of which is connected to the fixing member (31); A shock-absorbing spring (33) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the round rod (32). A slider (34) is connected to the bottom end of the shock-absorbing spring (33), and the slider (34) is slidably connected to the round rod (32).

8. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that, The swing damping assembly includes: At least two swing rods (35), one of which is rotatably connected to the slider (34), and the other swing rod (35) is rotatably connected to the vertical rod (37); A spring damper (36) is connected between adjacent swing rods (35).

9. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing adapter component includes: Slot (4), said slot (4) is opened on one side of the arc-shaped plate (1); Insert plate (5), the insert plate (5) is fixed to the other side of the arc plate (1), and two adjacent arc plates (1) are spliced ​​together by inserting the insert plate (5) into the slot (4).

10. The deformable seismic-resistant device suitable for tunnel structures according to claim 9, characterized in that, The splicing adapter component also includes: Several sets of square slots (6), each set of square slots (6) is respectively opened at the top and bottom of the inner wall of the slot (4) and the middle of the insert plate (5), and the positions of the square slots (6) in each set of square slots (6) correspond one to one; Square rod (7) is embedded in each set of square grooves (6) and corresponding square grooves (6) to realize the joint fixation of two adjacent arc plates (1).

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