Roadway anti-impact support top beam locking device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety support, in particular to a roadway anti-impact support top beam locking device which comprises a unit support and a bridge type energy absorption top beam. A unit support top beam is arranged above the unit support, and locking devices are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the unit support top beam. The locking device comprises a fixing seat, a base, a pressing rod and a pressing head, the fixing seat is welded to the bottom end of a top beam of the unit support so that the pressing rod can be fixed conveniently, the base is welded to the side face of the top beam of the unit support, a connecting rod is arranged in the base so that the pressing rod can be hinged to the base, meanwhile, the pressing head is hinged to the base, and the pressing rod is hinged to the pressing head. A four-connecting-rod mechanism is formed to rotate and limit the pressing rod and the pressing head; the device has the advantages that the problem of uneven stress of the support top beam can be solved, and multi-point multi-supporting-force protection of the support top beam is achieved; disassembly and transportation are easy, and free assembly and matching can be carried out; the two unit supports can be adjusted in the width direction of the roadway, and the roadway width adapting capacity is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel anti-scour support technology, and more specifically, to a locking device for the top beam of a tunnel anti-scour support. Background Technology

[0002] Rockburst is one of the typical dynamic disasters affecting mine safety. Over the years, large-scale coal mining has significantly reduced the reserves of shallow coal seams, necessitating continued mining into deeper areas to meet demand. However, with increasing mining depth, the characteristics of coal seam stress, surrounding rock stress, coal body stress level, and the geological environment become increasingly complex. The hydraulic supports used in fully mechanized mining faces are high-strength and high-density, providing strong resistance to rockbursts. Roadways, as key passageways in underground mining, are important underground structures for transportation, drainage, and ventilation. Due to their specific requirements, the support strength and density of hydraulic supports within roadways cannot match those at the working face.

[0003] In my country, roadway rockbursts account for about 90% of all rockbursts in coal mines. As the roadway excavation time increases, the elastic zone of the overlying strata gradually transforms into the plastic zone, and the plastic zone gradually transforms into the fractured zone. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and effective progress of mining operations, the support of the roadway and the resistance to rockbursts are extremely important.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream hydraulic support types used for roadway support include stack-type hydraulic supports, single-unit hydraulic supports, unit-type hydraulic supports, self-moving hydraulic supports, and gantry-type hydraulic supports. Each type of support has its own characteristics, but all are somewhat inadequate in preventing rockbursts. Rockbursts in roadways are an energy conversion process. When this energy reaches the surrounding rock, it needs to be absorbed by the support system. Hydraulic supports, as a crucial part of the support system, can ensure the required support stress, but they cannot meet the energy absorption requirements. Although hydraulic supports are equipped with safety valves, the rockburst event occurs in a very short time, typically less than 50ms, while the safety valve opening time is longer than this. Therefore, before the safety valve opens, the support exhibits overall rigidity and cannot effectively convert the energy released by the rockburst. Energy absorption can only be achieved through equipment failure, often resulting in various failures such as cylinder expansion, bending, cylinder bursting, and breakage. The support is the last link in roadway support; its failure alters the overall integrity and stability of the roadway, posing a significant threat to worker safety and production safety.

[0005] Based on on-site investigation and theoretical analysis, it can be seen that the roadway will deform under the stress of long-term mining, causing deformation of the roof and floor, and the two roadways to shrink inward, resulting in different widths of the roadways in the direction of the roadway. Except for the portal frame support, most of the supports do not take into account the support of the two roadways, and the width of the portal frame support is not adjustable, so it is not very adaptable to the deformed roadway. At the same time, the roadway is affected by humidity and high temperature, and the bolts are prone to corrosion, making them difficult to disassemble and assemble. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a locking device for the top beam of a roadway anti-scour support, which can overcome some or all the defects of the prior art.

[0007] According to the present invention, a locking device for the top beam of a roadway anti-collision support includes a unit support and a bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam supported by the unit support and located above it; characterized in that: a unit support top beam is provided above the unit support, the upper end of the unit support top beam is designed with multiple rectangular positioning bosses, and multiple sets of limiting grooves are opened below both ends of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam, the multiple sets of limiting grooves are used in conjunction with the positioning bosses; the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam and the unit support top beam are connected as one unit by a locking device.

[0008] Preferably, the locking device includes a base welded to the top beam of the unit support. The base has a connecting rod inside for hinged connection between the pressure rod and the base. At the same time, the pressure head is hinged to the base, and the pressure rod is hinged to the pressure head, so as to form a four-bar linkage to drive the pressure head to swing.

[0009] Preferably, a fixed seat is welded to the bottom end of the top beam of the unit support, and the pressure rod can be limited and released by inserting and removing the limiting pin.

[0010] Preferably, arc-shaped grooves are provided on both sides of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam, and the pressure head in the locking device matches the arc-shaped groove so that the pressure head can be precisely inserted into the arc-shaped groove to realize the limiting and fixing of the unit support top beam and the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam.

[0011] Preferably, at least two sets of locking devices are provided on the front and rear sides of the top beam of the unit support, and multiple arc-shaped grooves are opened on the side of the upper platform beam section of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam to adjust the distance between the two unit supports in conjunction with the locking devices.

[0012] Preferably, the number of arc-shaped grooves is an integer multiple of the locking device, forming multiple width adjustments to improve the adaptability of the support to the roadway.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: ① The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam and the unit supports on both sides are fixed with locking devices, which makes it easy to disassemble and transport. It can also be freely assembled and matched. The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam is combined with the unit supports and the unit support top beam to form a double-row section support. Alternatively, the unit supports can be used alone to form a single-row support, which meets the characteristics of better stability and safety of section support, and also has the advantage of strong mobility of single-row support.

[0014] ② The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam is connected to the unit supports on both sides by a combination of limiting grooves and positioning bosses. With the multi-position locking mode of the locking mechanism, the two unit supports are adjustable in the width direction of the roadway, making them more adaptable to the width of the roadway.

[0015] ③ The locking device, which adopts a four-bar linkage mechanism, can quickly lock and unlock, effectively avoiding the effects of rust. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge-type energy-absorbing roof beam structure. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top beam and locking device of the unit support structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam and the unit support. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unit support structure.

[0017] in: 1. Unit support bracket 1; 2. Clamping device; 3. Support base; 301. Ear seat; 4. Anti-tipping device; 401. Bottom bearing plate; 402. Anti-tipping jack; 403. Rear lug; 404. Front lug; 405. Ear seat; 5. Unit support top beam; 501. Positioning boss; 6. Bottom energy absorption device; 7. Lower energy absorption device; 8. Upper energy absorption device; 9. Bridge-type energy absorption top beam; 901. Upper platform beam segment; 902. Arc-shaped beam segment; 903. Lower platform beam segment; 904. Top beam energy absorption component; 905. Top beam bearing plate; 906. Arc-shaped groove; 907. Limiting groove; 10. Locking device; 1001. Fixing seat; 1002. Base; 1003. Pressure rod; 1004. Pressure head; 1005. Limiting pin. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-5As shown, a roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device includes a unit support 1 and a bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9. The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 is located above the unit support 1, and the unit support 1 supports the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 located above, so as to achieve roadway support. A unit support top beam 5 is provided above the unit support 1. The upper end of the unit support top beam 5 is designed with multiple rectangular positioning protrusions 501. Multiple sets of limiting grooves 907 are opened below both ends of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9. The multiple sets of limiting grooves 907 are used in conjunction with the positioning protrusions 501. The positioning protrusions 501 and the limiting grooves 907 can generate relative displacement in the width direction of the roadway, but play a limiting role in the length direction of the roadway, preventing the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 from sliding laterally on the unit support top beam 5. Locking devices 10 are provided on the front and rear sides of the unit support top beam 5. The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 and the unit support top beam 5 are connected as one unit by the locking devices 10 to prevent the two sides from shrinking inward or the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 from falling off. With this setting, the present invention will be easy to transport and disassemble. The top of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 has multiple rectangular slots, and the top beam energy-absorbing components 904 are installed inside the rectangular slots. Multiple adjacent top beam energy-absorbing components 904 are paired with a top beam bearing plate 905 to form a group of energy-absorbing areas. In this embodiment, every four adjacent top beam energy-absorbing components 904 are paired with a top beam bearing plate 905 to form a group of energy-absorbing areas. At the same time, the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 is designed with multiple energy-absorbing areas to autonomously regulate the top pressure, solve the problem of uneven stress on the support top beam, and achieve a multi-point multi-support force protection effect of the support top beam, that is, to achieve stress self-regulation, so as to have better adaptability and impact resistance. The locking device 10 includes a fixed base 1001, a base 1002, a pressure rod 1003, and a pressure head 1004. The fixed base 1001 is welded to the bottom end of the top beam 5 of the unit support to facilitate the fixing of the pressure rod 1003. The base 1002 is welded to the side of the top beam 5 of the unit support and has a connecting rod inside to hinge the pressure rod 1003 to the base 1002. At the same time, the pressure head 1004 is hinged to the base 1002, and the pressure rod 1003 is hinged to the pressure head 1004 to form a four-bar linkage mechanism to rotate and limit the pressure rod 1003 and the pressure head 1004, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of difficult disassembly and assembly caused by rust.

[0020] Arc-shaped grooves 906 are provided on both sides of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9. The pressure head 1004 is matched with the arc-shaped grooves 906 so that the pressure head 1004 can be precisely inserted into the arc-shaped grooves 906, thereby realizing the limiting and fixing of the unit support top beam 5 and the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9.

[0021] When locking is required, the pressure rod 1003 swings down, and the pressure head 1004 swings towards the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9. The pressure head 1004 is engaged in the arc-shaped groove 906. At this time, the pin hole at the bottom of the pressure rod 1003 is aligned with the pin hole on the fixed seat 1001. The limiting pin 1005 is passed through the pin hole at the bottom of the pressure rod 1003 and the pin hole on the fixed seat 1001 to limit the pressure rod 1003, thereby limiting and fixing the pressure head 1004 and realizing the pressing action. When loosening is required, the limiting pin 1005 is pulled out, the pressure rod 1003 is swung up, and the pressure head 1004 rotates and lifts accordingly, realizing the loosening action.

[0022] The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9 is designed with a thick middle and thin sides according to the stress distribution law after being subjected to uniform load. Specifically, it includes three symmetrical structures: upper platform beam section 901, arc-shaped beam section 902, and lower platform beam section 903. The limiting groove 907 is located below the upper platform beam section 901, and the arc-shaped groove 906 is opened on the side of the upper platform beam section 901.

[0023] To ensure reliability, at least two sets of locking devices 10 are provided on the front and rear sides of the top beam 5 of the unit support. Multiple arc-shaped grooves 906 are opened on the side of the upper platform beam section 901 of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam 9, which work in conjunction with the locking devices 10 to adjust the distance between the two unit supports 1.

[0024] The number of arc-shaped grooves 906 is an integer multiple of the locking device 10, forming multiple width adjustments to improve the adaptability of the support to the roadway. In this embodiment, the number of arc-shaped grooves 906 is three times that of the locking device 10, forming three width adjustments.

[0025] A support base 3 is provided below the unit support 1. A bottom energy absorption device 6 is provided on the outside of the support base 3. The support base 3 includes a clamping device 2 located on the top. A lower energy absorption device 7 is provided on the outside of the clamping device 2. An upper energy absorption device 8 is provided on the outside of the top beam 5 of the unit support. Multiple energy absorption devices are provided to resist the impact of instantaneous failure of rock mass in different directions around the roadway on the support and protect the stability of the support structure.

[0026] The bottom energy-absorbing device 6, the lower energy-absorbing device 7, and the upper energy-absorbing device 8 all include a connecting base plate, an energy-absorbing component, and an outer bearing plate. To ensure the lateral bearing capacity, stability, and uniformity of force of the support, different types of rib plates are provided at multiple positions of the support base 3 and the clamping device 2. A pair of L-shaped bosses are provided at the rear of the bottom energy-absorbing device 6, the lower energy-absorbing device 7, and the upper energy-absorbing device 8 to facilitate sliding into the corresponding slide rail.

[0027] An anti-tipping device 4, hinged to the support base 3, is provided on the inner side of the two unit supports 1. It includes a bottom bearing plate 401 and an anti-tipping jack 402. The anti-tipping jack 402 has a rear lug 403 that cooperates with the lug 301 on the unit support base 3 and is fixed by a cylindrical pin. The piston of the anti-tipping jack 402 has a front lug 404 that cooperates with the lug 405 on the bottom bearing plate 401 and is fixed by a cylindrical pin. The anti-tipping device 4 can be opened according to the usage requirements. On the one hand, it can increase the contact area between the support and the ground and reduce the ground pressure. On the other hand, it can effectively resist the overturning phenomenon caused by the bottom heave.

[0028] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device, comprising a unit support (1) and a bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9) supported by the unit support (1) and located above it; characterized in that: A unit support top beam (5) is provided above the unit support (1). The upper end of the unit support top beam (5) is designed with multiple rectangular positioning bosses (501). Multiple sets of limiting grooves (907) are opened below both ends of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9). The multiple sets of limiting grooves (907) are used in conjunction with the positioning bosses (501). The bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9) and the unit support top beam (5) are connected as one unit by a locking device (10).

2. The roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device (10) includes a base (1002) welded to the top beam (5) of the unit support. The base (1002) has a connecting rod inside for hinged connection between the pressure rod (1003) and the base (1002). At the same time, the pressure head (1004) is hinged to the base (1002), and the pressure rod (1003) is hinged to the pressure head (1004) to form a four-bar linkage to drive the pressure head (1004) to swing.

3. The roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the top beam (5) of the unit support is welded with a fixed seat (1001). By inserting and removing the limiting pin (1005), the pressure rod (1003) can be limited and released.

4. The roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arc grooves (906) are provided on both sides of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9). The pressure head (1004) in the locking device (10) matches the arc groove (906) so that the pressure head (1004) can be precisely inserted into the arc groove (906) to achieve the limiting and fixing of the unit support top beam (5) and the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9).

5. The roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least two sets of locking devices (10) are provided on the front and rear sides of the top beam (5) of the unit support. Multiple arc-shaped grooves (906) are provided on the side of the upper platform beam section (901) of the bridge-type energy-absorbing top beam (9) to adjust the distance between the two unit supports (1) in conjunction with the locking devices (10).

6. The roadway anti-scour support top beam locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the arc-shaped grooves (906) is an integer multiple of the locking device (10), forming multiple width adjustments to improve the adaptability of the support to the roadway.

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