Method and system for dynamically adjusting and controlling pressure of energy storage fire pump

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent control, and discloses an energy storage fire pump pressure dynamic adjustment control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: detecting whether a plug-in box outputs a fire confirmation signal meeting a protection judgment condition or not, and obtaining corresponding fire plug-in box information; a row vector corresponding to the fire behavior plug-in box k is extracted from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix, the hydraulic risk level and the thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire behavior plug-in box s in the row vector are calculated, an optimized risk set minimum isolation set and a flow maintenance set are obtained, and a flow maintenance value is calculated for each non-fire behavior plug-in box in the flow maintenance set; sending a corresponding control instruction to each plug-in box, verifying whether each plug-in box meets a synchronization condition or not, and increasing the pressure of the fire pump from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; detecting whether the fire behavior plug-in box k meets a fire behavior relieving condition, if yes, recovering normal operation, and if not, continuing detection; the fire-fighting flow is guaranteed to act on a fire point in a concentrated mode, and the risk of fire extinguishing failure caused by water flow short circuit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for dynamic pressure regulation and control of energy storage fire pumps. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale electrochemical energy storage power stations, especially containerized energy storage systems using high-energy-density batteries, battery clusters are densely arranged and share cooling pipes. When a single battery module experiences thermal runaway and triggers automatic fire suppression, to prevent the high-pressure fire suppression water flow, rapidly increasing from 0.3MPa to 0.6MPa, from being diverted significantly into the cooling circuits of normal batteries in the parallel pipes, resulting in insufficient spray pressure and flow and failure to extinguish the fire, existing safety procedures often force or default to a one-size-fits-all strategy, immediately shutting down the cooling circulation of all non-fired battery clusters. However, extinguishing a lithium battery thermal runaway fire is a dynamic suppression process lasting tens of seconds to several minutes, during which the heat generation of normal batteries does not stop. Abruptly interrupting the cooling of the entire system causes a large number of normal batteries to rapidly accumulate heat in the enclosed compartment, easily causing their temperature to exceed the safety threshold, which may induce new thermal runaway points, resulting in a secondary accident of system-wide thermal spread while extinguishing one fire. This inherent contradiction in safety logic has become a core pain point restricting the development of energy storage systems towards higher safety levels and higher availability.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method and system for dynamic pressure regulation and control of energy storage fire pumps to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art and to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump, comprising:

[0005] The current temperature values ​​of all battery compartments are obtained to form a temperature vector. The system detects in real time whether the compartments output a fire confirmation signal that meets the protection judgment conditions. If yes, the fire compartment information is obtained; otherwise, the detection continues.

[0006] The row vector corresponding to the fire-prone battery box k is extracted from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix. Combined with the temperature vector, the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire-prone battery box s in the row vector are calculated. An optimized risk set is obtained by partitioning the data. The minimum isolation set and the flow maintenance set are extracted from the optimized risk set. The flow maintenance value is calculated for each non-fire-prone battery box in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery boxes in the system.

[0007] Send corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously send an opening command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. Verify whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition. If so, increase the pressure of the fire pump from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, issue a timeout alarm.

[0008] Check if the fire alarm box K meets the fire alarm cancellation conditions. If it does, restore normal operation; otherwise, continue checking.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned boxes contains a heat exchanger, and each box includes a cooling circuit and a fire-fighting branch circuit; both the cooling circuit and the fire-fighting branch circuit are equipped with controllable valves and flow sensors, the cooling circuit is used for temperature control; the fire-fighting branch circuit is used for graded active fire-fighting; all circuits are connected in parallel to the main pipeline, and the main pipeline is equipped with a main pressure sensor and a main flow sensor.

[0010] Methods for obtaining fire alarm box information include:

[0011] If a smoke alarm signal is detected from the charging box, it is confirmed as a preliminary fire. The system then checks whether the battery temperature of the charging box exceeds the temperature protection threshold and whether its temperature difference change rate exceeds the sudden change threshold. If both exceed the threshold, a fire is confirmed, a fire confirmation signal is output, the fire occurrence time is recorded, an event identifier is generated, and the system operation mode is switched from normal cooling mode to fire emergency mode. Otherwise, the detection continues.

[0012] Furthermore, methods for obtaining an optimized risk set include:

[0013] Non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree not higher than the low-risk threshold are classified as the low-risk set; non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree higher than the low-risk threshold but not higher than the medium-risk threshold are classified as the medium-risk set; non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree higher than the high-risk threshold are classified as the high-risk set.

[0014] The temperature values ​​of all battery boxes in the temperature vector corresponding to the time of the fire in the fire box information are used as the baseline temperature; the first difference between the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s and the upper limit of the target temperature is calculated, the second difference between the battery thermal runaway warning temperature and the upper limit of the target temperature is calculated, and the ratio of the first difference to the second difference is calculated to obtain the thermal state risk coefficient; when the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s is equal to the upper limit of the target temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 0; when the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s is equal to the battery thermal runaway warning temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 1.

[0015] When a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the high-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is lower than the low-risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is downgraded to the medium-risk set; when a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the medium-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the thermal risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is upgraded to the high-risk set; when a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the low-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the high-risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is upgraded to the medium-risk set.

[0016] Iterate through and adjust all non-fire-prone boxes, and summarize the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk sets to obtain the adjusted optimized risk set.

[0017] Furthermore, methods for obtaining the minimum isolation set and the traffic maintenance set include:

[0018] Extract the high-risk set from the optimized risk set as the minimum isolation set, and extract the medium-risk set and low-risk set from the optimized risk set as the traffic maintenance set.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for calculating the flow maintenance value for each non-fire-prone plug box in the flow maintenance set includes:

[0020] Calculate the product of the thermal state risk coefficient and the thermal risk adjustment coefficient of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s, calculate the third difference between the basic flow coefficient and the product, calculate the product of the design flow rate of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s under normal cooling mode and the third difference, and obtain the flow maintenance value.

[0021] Furthermore, methods for verifying whether each module meets the synchronization conditions include:

[0022] Condition 1 is to check whether the cooling circuit valves of all non-fire-related sub-boxes in the minimum isolation concentration feedback a valve closed status signal; Condition 2 is to check whether the deviation between the actual opening degree of all controllable valves in each sub-box of the flow maintenance concentration and the target opening degree corresponding to the flow maintenance value is less than the opening degree deviation threshold; Condition 3 is to check whether the deviation between the flow rate of the cooling circuit in the flow maintenance concentration and the flow maintenance value is less than the flow deviation threshold; Condition 4 is to check whether the outlet pressure value of the fire branch valve of the fire sub-box k is greater than the minimum pressure threshold.

[0023] When the judgment results of conditions one through four are all yes or the total time reaches the maximum waiting time, record the synchronization completion time and calculate the actual synchronization time. If the actual synchronization time is within the maximum waiting time and conditions one through four are met, then verify that each plug box meets the synchronization conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, methods for setting the pressure of the fire pump as a dynamic target pressure include:

[0025] Set the pressure of the main pipeline as the target pressure. If the fire spreads further to a new junction box, increase the target pressure to a new target pressure based on the number of fire branches that have spread. Specifically, calculate the fourth difference between the number of fire branches that have spread and the value 1, calculate the product of the fourth difference and the pressure compensation increment to obtain the compensation amount, and calculate the sum of the target pressure and the compensation amount to obtain the new target pressure.

[0026] Furthermore, methods for detecting whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm cancellation conditions include:

[0027] Condition A is to determine whether the duration for which the temperature of the fire detection box k is continuously below the safe temperature has reached a stable duration.

[0028] Condition B is whether the duration for which the smoke sensor in the fire detection box k outputs a normal signal has reached a stable duration.

[0029] Condition C is to determine whether the flow rate of the fire branch circuit of the fire detection box k does not exceed the stable flow rate threshold.

[0030] When the results of conditions A, B, and C are all yes, the conditions for fire suppression are met, and the fire is suppressed.

[0031] Furthermore, methods for restoring normal operation include:

[0032] Reduce the water pump pressure from the target pressure to the standby pressure, and check whether the flow rate of the fire branch of the fire alarm box k has dropped below the stable flow rate threshold. If yes, close the controllable valve of the fire branch of the fire alarm box k; otherwise, continue the check.

[0033] The cooling flow rate of all the boxes in the flow maintenance center is restored from the flow maintenance value to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode. After the recovery period, the controllable valves of the cooling circuits of all non-fire boxes in the minimum isolation center are opened and restored to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode.

[0034] After all the cooling circuits of the plug boxes are restored to normal operation, the system operation mode will be switched from fire emergency mode back to normal cooling mode.

[0035] An energy storage fire pump pressure dynamic regulation and control system, implementing the aforementioned energy storage fire pump pressure dynamic regulation and control method, includes:

[0036] Fire detection module: It acquires the current temperature value of all battery compartments to form a temperature vector, and detects in real time whether the compartments output a fire confirmation signal that meets the protection judgment conditions; if so, it acquires the fire compartment information; otherwise, it continues to detect.

[0037] The flow analysis module extracts the row vector corresponding to the fire-prone battery pack k from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix. Combined with the temperature vector, it calculates the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire-prone battery pack s in the row vector, divides it to obtain an optimized risk set, extracts the minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set from the optimized risk set, and calculates the flow maintenance value for each non-fire-prone battery pack in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery packs in the system.

[0038] Control and dispatch module: Sends corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously sends an opening command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. Verifies whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition. If so, the pressure of the fire pump is increased from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, a timeout alarm is triggered.

[0039] Release detection module: Checks whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm release conditions. If yes, it resumes normal operation; otherwise, it continues to detect.

[0040] The technical effects and advantages of the energy storage fire pump pressure dynamic regulation and control method and system of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] The control method provided by this invention resolves the contradiction between ensuring fire extinguishing efficiency and avoiding secondary overheating in traditional energy storage firefighting by introducing a two-dimensional dynamic risk assessment based on a pre-built hydraulic coupling matrix and real-time thermal state, and executing a precise control strategy that determines the minimum necessary isolation set and maintains adaptive low flow. By precisely isolating loops with a high risk of diverting fire extinguishing water flow, the fire extinguishing flow is concentrated on the fire point, reducing the risk of fire extinguishing failure due to water flow short circuits. By maintaining minimum necessary cooling for low- and medium-risk loops, the risk of secondary thermal runaway of normal batteries during firefighting is reduced, greatly improving the system's emergency operation capability and asset safety. The entire decision-making and control process, based on a quantitative model and real-time feedback, achieves a paradigm shift from global brute-force interruption to localized fine-grained intervention, giving the system adaptive, evaluable, and highly reliable characteristics. This provides a feasible technical path for achieving a balance between absolute safety and efficient operation in energy storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic pressure regulation and control method for energy storage fire pumps of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for obtaining fire alarm box information according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method for obtaining an optimized risk set according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage fire pump pressure dynamic regulation control system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump, including:

[0049] The system acquires the current temperature values ​​of all battery cells to form a temperature vector. This temperature vector establishes a system-level thermal state space snapshot, serving as a baseline coordinate system for thermal risk assessment. This provides a data foundation for subsequently determining which cells can maintain low-flow cooling and which require cautious handling due to excessively high temperatures. The system continuously monitors whether cells output fire confirmation signals that meet protection criteria; if so, it acquires the fire cell information; otherwise, it continues monitoring, maintaining the system's normal awareness and standby state. This ensures that during most fire-free periods, the system continues to operate its core precise temperature control function, protecting battery life and energy efficiency, demonstrating the seamless integration of this method with the main operation of the energy storage system.

[0050] Each of the N energy storage boxes contains a heat exchanger, and each box includes a cooling circuit and a fire suppression branch. The independent circuit design at the box level provides physical operability for selective isolation. The independent heat exchanger, cooling circuit, and fire suppression branch for each box make it possible to shut down A without shutting down B, which is the hardware foundation for achieving refined control and breaking away from a one-size-fits-all approach. Both the cooling circuit and the fire suppression branch are equipped with controllable valves and flow sensors. The cooling circuit is used for precise temperature control; the fire suppression branch is used for three-level active fire suppression. The three-level active fire suppression includes:

[0051] Level 1 protection: When the battery temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold, the high-voltage DC circuit is immediately cut off, the charging and discharging operation is stopped, and the refrigerant is activated for forced cooling to reduce the temperature to the preset safe range. The temperature protection threshold is set according to the normal operating temperature of the circuit, such as 40℃; the preset safe range is set according to the normal operating temperature of the circuit, such as 25-33℃. Level 1 protection prevents the battery from entering a thermal runaway state due to high temperature from the source, and is the most basic and critical protection link.

[0052] Secondary protection: When the smoke sensor inside the junction box detects smoke and issues a smoke alarm signal, it immediately sends a signal to the control system. The control system controls the fire pump to increase from the standby pressure to the target pressure and controls the fire branch to start heating the built-in resistance heating wire. When the temperature reaches the critical temperature, such as 65°C, the temperature-sensing safety valve automatically expands, and the fire pump pressure increases from the standby pressure to the target pressure. A mixture of stabilizing fluid and fire water is injected under high pressure. The standby pressure is usually set to 0.3MPa, and the target pressure is usually set to 0.6MPa. The mixture quickly submerges the battery cell, achieving low-temperature cooling and fire suppression, and preventing thermal runaway.

[0053] Level 3 protection: When the smoke detector fails and the temperature inside the casing reaches the high-temperature threshold, the temperature-sensing safety valve automatically melts and opens, and the fire pump pressure is simultaneously increased to the target pressure, injecting high-pressure water to suppress the burning battery cell. The high-temperature threshold is generally set to 63-80℃ based on experience. The temperature-sensing safety valve automatically melts and opens without electrical drive, relying solely on mechanical triggering. Furthermore, the high-pressure water flow not only cools the battery cell but also suppresses the gas generated by thermal runaway, preventing an explosion. The linkage logic of the three-level active fire suppression system provides a layered and progressive signal source for fire confirmation. The temperature threshold of Level 1 protection provides a thermodynamic boundary for judgment; the smoke signal of Level 2 protection provides direct evidence of chemical combustion products; and the temperature sensor of Level 3 protection serves as a purely mechanical backup. This embodiment primarily utilizes the signals from the first two levels for rapid and intelligent confirmation, upgrading the original passive response protection system into an active decision-making intelligent sensing front-end.

[0054] All loops are connected in parallel to the main pipeline, which is equipped with a main pressure sensor and a main flow sensor, forming the data flow network necessary for closed-loop control. The pressure and flow sensors on the main pipeline are crucial for verifying the hydraulic synchronization of the system and achieving precise pressure boosting; the flow sensors on each branch are direct observation windows for verifying whether the low-flow mode has been achieved and preventing short-circuiting of the water flow. These data together constitute a complete information chain from decision-making to execution to verification.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 Methods for obtaining fire alarm box information include:

[0056] If a smoke alarm signal is detected from the battery compartment, a preliminary fire is confirmed. The system then checks whether the battery temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold and whether its temperature change rate exceeds the sudden change threshold. If both exceed the threshold, a fire is confirmed, a fire confirmation signal is output, the fire occurrence time is recorded, an event identifier is generated, and the system operation mode is switched from normal cooling mode to fire emergency mode. Otherwise, the detection continues. The sudden change threshold is obtained by analyzing the statistical characteristics of the battery's temperature rise rate under different operating conditions, such as normal charging / discharging, overcharging, and short circuits. A large number of maximum temperature rise rates under normal operating conditions are recorded, and the sudden change threshold is set to d times the maximum temperature rise rate, where d is a safety factor, typically 2-3. A deterministic triggering logic based on a three-level protection system is constructed. By strictly limiting fire confirmation to the simultaneous fulfillment of three conditions—smoke, temperature exceeding limits, and temperature change rate exceeding limits—the fire alarm signal has extremely high confidence. This solves the problem of false triggering in traditional fire protection systems, avoids unnecessary cooling interruptions due to single sensor failure or environmental interference, and reduces the risk of secondary overheating from the source. Event-driven control context switching is implemented. Locating the location and time of the fire is the logical starting point for all subsequent intelligent decisions. Switching to fire emergency mode means that the system priority shifts from economic operation to safety suppression, providing legitimate control authority to execute subsequent isolation operations that may affect continuity.

[0057] The row vector corresponding to the fire-prone battery box k is extracted from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix. Combined with the temperature vector, the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire-prone battery box s in the row vector are calculated. An optimized risk set is obtained by partitioning the data. The minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set are extracted from the optimized risk set. The flow maintenance value is calculated for each non-fire-prone battery box in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery boxes in the system, i.e., the degree of hydraulic coupling.

[0058] Methods for obtaining the hydraulic coupling matrix between different sub-tanks in the pre-analysis include:

[0059] By standardizing the piping layout, it is ensured that the cooling circuits and fire protection branch circuits of all battery boxes are basically consistent in terms of hydraulic characteristics. Based on this physical symmetry, the N boxes are divided into G hydraulic equivalent groups, where G is much smaller than N. For example, if N is set to 100 and G is set to 5, the boxes in each hydraulic equivalent group have the same hydraulic characteristics. A representative box is selected from each hydraulic equivalent group for testing. The hydraulic characteristics parameters include, but are not limited to, pipe length, diameter, number of bends, and elevation difference.

[0060] A limited representative test was performed on each representative junction box, including: selecting representative junction box i and testing it during system shutdown and maintenance; closing the cooling and fire valves of all other junction boxes; starting the fire pump and stabilizing the main pipeline pressure at the target pressure, such as 0.6 MPa; opening the fire branch valve of representative junction box i and measuring its flow rate; sequentially opening the cooling circuit valves of other junction boxes j to full opening and measuring the diversion flow rate; calculating the ratio of the flow rate of the fire branch valve of representative junction box i to the diversion flow rate to obtain the sample coupling degree diversion.

[0061] Constructing a parameterized hydraulic simulation model includes: establishing a digital model of the pipe network topology, including all pipes, valves, tees, and other components; defining parameters for each pipe, including length, diameter, roughness, and local resistance coefficient K; calculating friction loss along the pipe using the Darcy-Visbach equation and calculating local loss using the local resistance coefficient K.

[0062] The model parameters are calibrated based on limited test data, including adjusting the K value of key components and calculating the relative error between the simulated and measured values ​​for each verification pair. If the average relative error of all verification pairs is less than the error threshold, and the maximum relative error is less than the maximum permissible error, the hydraulic simulation model is deemed reliable and can be used to extrapolate the full matrix. The error threshold and the maximum permissible error are determined based on the general requirements for hydraulic calculation accuracy in engineering and the comprehensive accuracy of sensor measurements.

[0063] The full matrix simulation calculation includes: using the calibrated hydraulic simulation model to simulate all battery pack pairs (m,n); setting boundary conditions, including an inlet pressure of 0.6MPa, opening only the fire branch of battery pack m, and setting other valves according to the test state; then measuring the impact ratio of opening the cooling circuit of battery pack n on the flow rate of the branch of battery pack m, obtaining the hydraulic coupling degree between battery packs m and n, and forming a hydraulic coupling matrix; among them, the higher the value of the hydraulic interference degree, that is, the higher the value of the hydraulic coupling degree, the more likely that battery pack n is to divert water that should be sprayed to the fire point, i.e., battery pack m, when a fire occurs, resulting in a greater risk of fire extinguishing failure.

[0064] This step lays the data foundation for the entire intelligent decision-making process. Through a technical approach involving physical symmetry grouping, limited representativeness testing, parametric hydraulic simulation modeling, and full matrix extrapolation, a complete correlation hydraulic coupling matrix characterizing the degree of hydraulic interference between all plug-in pairs within the system was obtained at extremely low experimental cost. This matrix, like the system's hydraulic fingerprint, reveals in advance the potential paths and intensities of high-pressure water leakage to any other plug-in pair when a fire occurs at any location. It serves as a priori knowledge base for subsequent accurate risk assessment, rather than blind guessing.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 Methods for obtaining an optimized risk set include:

[0066] Non-fire-prone junction boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree not exceeding the low-risk threshold are classified into the low-risk set; non-fire-prone junction boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree exceeding the low-risk threshold but not exceeding the medium-risk threshold are classified into the medium-risk set; and non-fire-prone junction boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree exceeding the high-risk threshold are classified into the high-risk set. The low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk thresholds are obtained through simulation analysis. The high-risk threshold is determined by simulating the opening of a single fire branch and gradually increasing the diversion ratio of other circuits to find the total diversion ratio required to reduce the actual fire extinguishing flow of the junction box to below 90% of the design flow. A high-risk threshold of 50%-70% of the total diversion ratio is used, typically falling within the range of 5%-10%. The medium-risk threshold is 40%-60% of the high-risk threshold, typically falling within the range of 2%-5%. The low-risk threshold is 40%-60% of the medium-risk threshold, typically falling within the range of 1%-2.5%. Based on the k-th row corresponding to the fire-prone junction box k in the hydraulic coupling matrix and a preset threshold strongly correlated with fire extinguishing effectiveness, non-fire-prone junction boxes are classified into three risk levels—high, medium, and low—according to the probability of diverting fire extinguishing water flow. This ensures the priority of fire extinguishing effects.

[0067] The temperature values ​​of all battery cells in the temperature vector corresponding to the fire occurrence time in the fire cell information are used as the baseline temperature. The first difference between the baseline temperature of the non-fire cell s and the upper limit of the target temperature is calculated, as is the second difference between the battery thermal runaway warning temperature and the upper limit of the target temperature. The ratio of the first difference to the second difference is calculated to obtain the thermal state risk coefficient. When the baseline temperature of the non-fire cell s is equal to the upper limit of the target temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 0; when the baseline temperature of the non-fire cell s is equal to the battery thermal runaway warning temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 1. The larger the thermal state risk coefficient, the higher the thermal risk. The upper limit of the target temperature is set to 33℃. The value of the battery thermal runaway warning temperature should be higher than the upper limit of the battery's optimal operating temperature, and can be set with reference to the temperature protection threshold of the first level of the three-level active fire protection system of the energy storage system, or it can be determined based on the thermal runaway initiation temperature data provided by the battery supplier, usually set between 50℃ and 60℃. The thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire cell is calculated based on the real-time temperature vector. This coefficient quantifies the relative urgency with which the temperature of the battery pack will slide from its current optimal state to a dangerous state after the loss or reduction of cooling, reflecting the fragility of the battery itself.

[0068] When the non-fire-prone plug box s belongs to the high-risk set but the thermal state risk coefficient is lower than the low-risk intervention threshold, the non-fire-prone plug box s will be downgraded to the medium-risk set.

[0069] When the non-fire-prone plug box s belongs to the medium-risk set but the thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the thermal risk intervention threshold, the non-fire-prone plug box s will be upgraded to the high-risk set.

[0070] When a non-fire-prone battery compartment s belongs to the low-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the high-risk intervention threshold, it is moved to the medium-risk set. The thermal risk intervention threshold is obtained through battery thermal runaway experiments, recording the relationship between temperature and time at each stage during the battery's transition from normal temperature to thermal runaway. The normalized thermal state risk coefficient corresponding to a set point before the temperature reaches the temperature rise rate threshold is used as the thermal risk intervention threshold. The low-risk and high-risk intervention thresholds are further set empirically based on the thermal risk intervention threshold. The temperature rise rate threshold is determined based on the thermal stability data of the battery materials. For lithium iron phosphate batteries, it is typically set to 1.5-2.5℃ / min; for ternary lithium batteries, it is set to 1-2℃ / min.

[0071] The process iterates through and adjusts all non-fire-prone junction boxes, aggregating the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk sets to obtain the adjusted optimized risk set. This step dynamically corrects the quantitative results from the two dimensions mentioned above. This fusion process directly reflects the trade-off between necessity and harm, generating an optimized risk set that better reflects the real-time safety status of the system. This is the core manifestation that distinguishes intelligent decision-making from fixed rules.

[0072] Methods for obtaining the minimum isolation set and the traffic sustaining set include:

[0073] The high-risk set from the optimized risk concentration is extracted as the minimum isolation set, and the medium-risk and low-risk sets from the optimized risk concentration are extracted as flow maintenance sets. Directly extracting the optimized high-risk set as the minimum isolation set aims to physically cut off critical paths that pose a significant diversion threat to fire-fighting water flow within a minimal scope, ensuring that the core effectiveness of the fire protection system is not eroded by internal hydraulic coupling at the source. Extracting the optimized medium-risk and low-risk sets as flow maintenance sets aims to retain a minimum level of life-sustaining cooling for the unisolated fireboxes.

[0074] Methods for calculating flow maintenance values ​​for each non-fire-prone junction box in the flow maintenance set include:

[0075] Calculate the product of the thermal state risk coefficient and the thermal risk adjustment coefficient of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s, calculate the third difference between the basic flow coefficient and the product, calculate the product of the design flow rate of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s under normal cooling mode and the third difference, and obtain the flow maintenance value. The thermal risk adjustment coefficient, reflecting the principle that higher thermal risk equates to more urgent cooling needs, is determined by balancing cooling effectiveness and diversion risk. Its value must ensure that when the thermal risk coefficient equals 1, the flow rate maintenance value is not lower than a certain lower limit. This lower limit is typically set based on actual conditions, such as 5% of the design flow rate under normal cooling mode, ensuring that the higher the thermal risk coefficient of the non-fire-prone junction box s, the higher the flow rate. The basic flow coefficient, to ensure minimum cooling effectiveness, is determined through thermal simulation to the minimum flow rate ratio required to prevent battery overheating within the maximum expected fire duration. It is typically set to 0.15-0.25, ensuring basic cooling even when the thermal risk coefficient of the non-fire-prone junction box s is 0. The flow rate maintenance value strikes a balance between meeting minimum heat dissipation requirements and minimizing diversion risk, adhering to the principle that higher thermal risk equates to more urgent cooling needs. The calculated flow rate maintenance value ensures a range of approximately 5%-25% of the normal flow rate. The adaptive flow rate calculated for each non-fire-prone junction box (s) is key to fine-grained control. The product of the thermal state risk coefficient and the thermal risk adjustment coefficient of the non-fire-prone junction box (s) achieves the principle of fairness and efficiency, where junction boxes with higher thermal risks receive more cooling resources. The flow rate maintenance value ensures that the allocation of cooling resources is proportional to the real-time thermal urgency, maximizing the suppression of secondary overheating within an extremely low flow rate budget.

[0076] The system sends corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously sends an open command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. It verifies whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition; if so, the fire pump pressure is increased from standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, a timeout alarm is triggered. Specifically, it sends a close command to the cooling circuits of all non-fire-prone junction boxes in the minimum isolation set, and a flow mode command with a flow rate value equal to the flow maintenance value to the cooling circuits of all non-fire-prone junction boxes in the flow maintenance set. This step is the physical starting point for implementing intelligent decision-making. Based on the minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set calculated in the previous step, it issues differentiated commands to the corresponding cooling circuit actuators: physical isolation is implemented for high-risk points, and resource restrictions are implemented for medium- and low-risk points. Simultaneously, a dedicated fire extinguishing channel is created for the fire-prone junction box. The purpose of this series of commands is to proactively reshape the hydraulic topology of the system spatially, transforming it from a homogeneous cooling network into an asymmetric directional flow network optimized for fire extinguishing. This is a direct physical action to achieve precise intervention rather than global interruption, and it embodies the implementation of breaking away from a one-size-fits-all strategy.

[0077] Methods for verifying whether each module meets the synchronization conditions include:

[0078] Condition 1: Check whether the cooling circuit valves of all non-fire-related junction boxes in the minimum isolation centralization report a closed status signal. Condition 2: Check whether the deviation between the actual opening degree of all controllable valves in each junction box of the flow maintenance centralization and the target opening degree corresponding to the flow maintenance value is less than the opening deviation threshold; verify whether the valves have moved to the position required by the command. This is the first line of defense to confirm that the action is in place, preventing false commands due to mechanical jamming or drive failure. Condition 3: Read the readings of the flow sensors in each cooling circuit of the flow maintenance centralization, and check whether the deviation between the flow rate of the cooling circuit in the flow maintenance centralization and the flow maintenance value is less than the flow deviation threshold; verify whether the specific opening degree of the valve in the complex coupled pipe network actually produces the expected flow effect. Since the flow rate is affected by system pressure and the status of parallel branches, this verification reflects the actual hydraulic state better than simply checking the opening degree, and is the core criterion for confirming whether the low flow mode is truly established and whether there is abnormal flow diversion. Condition 4: Check whether the outlet pressure value of the fire branch valve of the fire junction box k is greater than the minimum pressure threshold; verify whether the dedicated fire extinguishing passage is physically connected and has pressure-bearing capacity. The presence of a pressure signal is direct evidence that fluid has begun to fill the pipeline, confirming the availability of the fire extinguishing path and laying the foundation for subsequent pressurization. The controllable valve utilizes a high-precision potentiometer, outputting a 4-20mA analog current signal. This signal is connected to the analog input module of the energy storage system control cabinet. Based on this current signal value, the control system obtains the actual opening percentage of the controllable valve in real time through linear calculation. The opening deviation threshold can be determined based on the positioning accuracy of the electric regulating valve used, typically ±1% to ±5% of the rated opening; the flow deviation threshold takes into account both the accuracy of the flow sensor and the instantaneous fluctuations of the system, and is typically set to ±10% to ±20% of the target flow value; the minimum pressure threshold is typically set to 0.05MPa to 0.15MPa to ensure that the fire branch is effectively connected and to avoid misjudgment; the above multiple verifications together constitute a three-dimensional state perception network, which solves the risk of correct decision-making but distorted execution caused by actuator error, system nonlinearity, model deviation, or unknown interference. It is a key safety lock to prevent hasty pressure increase in the state of incomplete hydraulic reconstruction, which could lead to disordered fire extinguishing water flow distribution or pressure runaway.

[0079] When the judgment results of conditions one through four are all yes, or the total time reaches the maximum waiting time, the synchronization completion time is recorded, and the actual synchronization time is calculated. If the actual synchronization time is within the maximum waiting time and conditions one through four are met, then each plug-in box is verified to meet the synchronization conditions. The maximum waiting time is determined based on the slowest actuator, usually the full stroke time of the valve, plus the estimated time for fluid filling and pressure stabilization, typically ranging from 100ms to 300ms. When the verification passes, it means that the system has safely and accurately switched to the preset fire-fighting readiness state. At this time, triggering the water pump pressurization ensures that valuable fire-fighting water is concentrated and efficiently delivered to the fire point, while minimizing interference with the normal circuit. This directly guarantees the fire-fighting effect and suppresses secondary overheating. When the verification times out or fails, it indicates an execution anomaly. At this time, triggering an alarm and suspending or downgrading the subsequent pressurization is a fail-safe design. It avoids the catastrophic consequences that may be caused by forcibly pressurizing in an unclear or erroneous state, provides an intervention window for maintenance personnel, and improves the overall robustness and safety of the system.

[0080] Methods for setting the pressure of fire pumps to a dynamic target pressure include:

[0081] The pressure of the main pipeline is set as the target pressure. If the fire spreads further to new junction boxes, the target pressure is increased to a new target pressure based on the number of fire branches that have spread. Specifically, the fourth difference between the number of fire branches that have spread and the value 1 is calculated. The product of the fourth difference and the pressure compensation increment is calculated to obtain the compensation amount. The sum of the target pressure and the compensation amount is calculated to obtain the new target pressure. The pressure compensation increment is measured by hydraulic simulation or actual testing. Under the base pressure of the target pressure, the pressure increase required in the main pipeline is to maintain the flow rate of each branch at no less than 90% of the design fire extinguishing flow rate for each additional identical fire branch opened in parallel.

[0082] The system determines whether the fire has been cleared based on the fire clearance conditions. If yes, it resumes normal operation, reduces the fire pump pressure to standby pressure, restores the normal flow operation of all cooling circuits in sequence, and switches the system operation mode back to normal cooling mode. If no, it continues testing.

[0083] Methods for detecting whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm cancellation conditions include:

[0084] Condition A: Detect whether the duration for which the temperature of the fire-prone junction box (k) remains below the safe temperature has reached a stable period. The safe temperature should be lower than the battery thermal runaway warning temperature, with a safety margin. This value is typically set to the upper limit of the battery's normal operating temperature range, such as 35°C. The stable period, to ensure continuous stability and avoid short-term fluctuations, needs to comprehensively consider thermal inertia, sensor response, and maintenance experience, and is usually set to 3 to 10 minutes. Confirm that the heat source of the fire-prone junction box has been eliminated, and the battery temperature has returned to a safe range and remains stable. This thermodynamically eliminates the possibility of reignition and continued thermal runaway.

[0085] Condition B: Check whether the smoke sensor outputting a normal signal in the fire detection box k has reached a stable duration; confirm that the violent chemical reaction inside the battery has stopped. This provides direct evidence that combustion has ceased from an electrochemical perspective, compensating for the inadequacy of a single temperature signal, which may be delayed or distorted.

[0086] Condition C: Check whether the flow rate of the fire branch circuit in the fire alarm box k does not exceed the stable flow rate threshold; the stable flow rate threshold refers to the upper limit of the flow rate at which fire suppression injection can be determined to have stopped. It is usually taken as 1% to 5% of the design extinguishing flow rate of the fire branch circuit, or slightly higher than the inherent leakage flow rate of the system under standby pressure; confirm that the fire branch circuit no longer has a need for continuous high-flow injection, and the flow rate has returned to the system's background leakage level. This indirectly proves from a fluid dynamics perspective that the fire has been completely suppressed and there is no need to continue consuming extinguishing media.

[0087] When the results of conditions A, B, and C are all yes, the conditions for fire suppression are met, and the fire is suppressed.

[0088] The triple-criteria AND logic ensures extremely high reliability of the judgment results, preventing premature exit from emergency status due to the temporary recovery of individual sensors, and avoiding the risks or waste of resources that might arise from resuming cooling while still embers are not extinguished. This is the primary safety decision point for switching the system from wartime back to peacetime.

[0089] Methods to restore normal operation include:

[0090] Reduce the water pump pressure from the target pressure to the standby pressure, and check if the flow rate of the fire branch in fire alarm box k has dropped below the stable flow threshold. If yes, close the controllable valve of the fire branch in fire alarm box k; otherwise, continue checking. First, reduce the main pipeline pressure from the high-pressure extinguishing stage to the standby pressure, and then close the fire branch valves. This sequence avoids water hammer impact damage to the pipeline system that may occur from directly closing the valves, and also ensures that the valves close under low pressure, extending their service life.

[0091] The cooling flow rate of all cells in the flow maintenance set is restored from the maintenance value to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode. After a recovery period, the controllable valves of the cooling circuits of all non-fire cells in the minimum isolation set are opened and restored to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode. The recovery period is used to observe the overall thermal stability of the system after the low-risk cells have resumed cooling. It is usually set to 5 to 15 minutes, which can be estimated based on the battery thermal capacity and heat dissipation power. The normal cooling flow rate of the flow maintenance set is restored first. The batteries in these cells are in relatively good condition, the risk of restoring full flow cooling is low, and it can quickly improve the overall heat dissipation capacity of the system, creating a more stable thermal environment for subsequent operations. After waiting for a recovery period and confirming that the temperature of the fire cells has stabilized, the normal cooling of the minimum isolation set is restored. This delay and double confirmation mechanism is crucial: it provides an observation window for the possible diffusion of residual heat or the manifestation of potential faults; at the same time, it avoids a large number of previously isolated cells, whose temperatures may have been high, simultaneously requesting high flow cooling, which would cause instantaneous thermal load and hydraulic shock to the system that has just returned to normal, thus preventing new temperature runaway or system oscillation that may be triggered by the recovery process itself.

[0092] After all the cooling circuits of the plug-in modules have returned to normal operation, the system operating mode is switched from fire emergency mode back to normal cooling mode. Only after all physical circuits have returned to normal are the control system logic switched from fire emergency mode back to normal cooling mode. This ensures strict synchronization between the control strategy and the physical state, allowing subsequent intelligent cooling capacity management, peak-valley arbitrage, and other optimization algorithms to operate within the correct system context.

[0093] Example 2:

[0094] Please see Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a dynamic pressure regulation and control system for an energy storage fire pump, including:

[0095] Fire detection module: It acquires the current temperature value of all battery compartments to form a temperature vector, and detects in real time whether the compartments output a fire confirmation signal that meets the protection judgment conditions; if so, it acquires the fire compartment information; otherwise, it continues to detect.

[0096] The flow analysis module extracts the row vector corresponding to the fire-prone battery pack k from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix. Combined with the temperature vector, it calculates the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire-prone battery pack s in the row vector, divides it to obtain an optimized risk set, extracts the minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set from the optimized risk set, and calculates the flow maintenance value for each non-fire-prone battery pack in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery packs in the system.

[0097] Control and dispatch module: Sends corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously sends an opening command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. Verifies whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition. If so, the pressure of the fire pump is increased from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, a timeout alarm is triggered.

[0098] Release detection module: Checks whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm release conditions. If yes, it resumes normal operation; otherwise, it continues to detect.

[0099] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0100] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump, characterized in that, include: The current temperature values ​​of all battery compartments are obtained to form a temperature vector. The system detects in real time whether the compartments output a fire confirmation signal that meets the protection judgment conditions. If yes, the fire compartment information is obtained; otherwise, the detection continues. Extract the row vector corresponding to the fire box k from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix, combine it with the temperature vector, calculate the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire box s in the row vector, divide to obtain the optimized risk set, extract the minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set from the optimized risk set, and calculate the flow maintenance value for each non-fire box in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery packs in the system. Send corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously send an opening command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. Verify whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition. If so, increase the pressure of the fire pump from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, issue a timeout alarm. Check if the fire alarm box K meets the fire alarm cancellation conditions. If it does, restore normal operation; otherwise, continue checking.

2. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned boxes contains a heat exchanger, and each box includes a cooling circuit and a fire-fighting branch circuit; both the cooling circuit and the fire-fighting branch circuit are equipped with controllable valves and flow sensors, the cooling circuit is used for temperature control; the fire-fighting branch circuit is used for graded active fire-fighting; all circuits are connected in parallel to the main pipeline, and the main pipeline is equipped with a main pressure sensor and a main flow sensor; Methods for obtaining fire alarm box information include: If a smoke alarm signal is detected from the charging box, it is confirmed as a preliminary fire. The system then checks whether the battery temperature of the charging box exceeds the temperature protection threshold and whether its temperature difference change rate exceeds the sudden change threshold. If both exceed the threshold, a fire is confirmed, a fire confirmation signal is output, the fire occurrence time is recorded, an event identifier is generated, and the system operation mode is switched from normal cooling mode to fire emergency mode. Otherwise, the detection continues.

3. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining an optimized risk set include: Non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree not higher than the low-risk threshold are classified as the low-risk set; non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree higher than the low-risk threshold but not higher than the medium-risk threshold are classified as the medium-risk set; non-fire-prone plug-in boxes with a hydraulic coupling degree higher than the high-risk threshold are classified as the high-risk set. The temperature values ​​of all battery boxes in the temperature vector corresponding to the time of the fire in the fire box information are used as the baseline temperature; the first difference between the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s and the upper limit of the target temperature is calculated, the second difference between the battery thermal runaway warning temperature and the upper limit of the target temperature is calculated, and the ratio of the first difference to the second difference is calculated to obtain the thermal state risk coefficient; when the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s is equal to the upper limit of the target temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 0; when the baseline temperature of the non-fire box s is equal to the battery thermal runaway warning temperature, the thermal state risk coefficient is 1. When a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the high-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is lower than the low-risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is downgraded to the medium-risk set; when a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the medium-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the thermal risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is upgraded to the high-risk set; when a non-fire alarm box s belongs to the low-risk set but its thermal state risk coefficient is higher than the high-risk intervention threshold, the non-fire alarm box s is upgraded to the medium-risk set. Iterate through and adjust all non-fire-prone boxes, and summarize the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk sets to obtain the adjusted optimized risk set.

4. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining the minimum isolation set and the traffic sustaining set include: Extract the high-risk set from the optimized risk set as the minimum isolation set, and extract the medium-risk set and low-risk set from the optimized risk set as the traffic maintenance set.

5. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for calculating flow maintenance values ​​for each non-fire-prone junction box in the flow maintenance set include: Calculate the product of the thermal state risk coefficient and the thermal risk adjustment coefficient of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s, calculate the third difference between the basic flow coefficient and the product, calculate the product of the design flow rate of the non-fire-prone plug-in box s under normal cooling mode and the third difference, and obtain the flow maintenance value.

6. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for verifying whether each module meets the synchronization conditions include: Condition 1 is to check whether the cooling circuit valves of all non-fire-related sub-boxes in the minimum isolation concentration feedback a valve closed status signal; Condition 2 is to check whether the deviation between the actual opening degree of all controllable valves in each sub-box of the flow maintenance concentration and the target opening degree corresponding to the flow maintenance value is less than the opening degree deviation threshold; Condition 3 is to check whether the deviation between the flow rate of the cooling circuit in the flow maintenance concentration and the flow maintenance value is less than the flow deviation threshold; Condition 4 is to check whether the outlet pressure value of the fire branch valve of the fire sub-box k is greater than the minimum pressure threshold. When the judgment results of conditions one through four are all yes or the total time reaches the maximum waiting time, record the synchronization completion time and calculate the actual synchronization time. If the actual synchronization time is within the maximum waiting time and conditions one through four are met, then verify that each plug box meets the synchronization conditions.

7. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for setting the pressure of fire pumps to a dynamic target pressure include: Set the pressure of the main pipeline as the target pressure. If the fire spreads to a new junction box, increase the target pressure to a new target pressure based on the number of fire branches that have spread. Specifically, calculate the fourth difference between the number of fire branches that have spread and the value 1, calculate the product of the fourth difference and the pressure compensation increment to obtain the compensation amount, and calculate the sum of the target pressure and the compensation amount to obtain the new target pressure.

8. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for detecting whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm cancellation conditions include: Condition A is to determine whether the duration for which the temperature of the fire detection box k is continuously below the safe temperature has reached a stable duration. Condition B is whether the duration for which the smoke sensor in the fire detection box k outputs a normal signal has reached a stable duration. Condition C is to determine whether the flow rate of the fire branch circuit of the fire detection box k does not exceed the stable flow rate threshold. When the results of conditions A, B, and C are all yes, the conditions for fire suppression are met, and the fire is suppressed.

9. The method for dynamic pressure regulation and control of an energy storage fire pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods to restore normal operation include: Reduce the water pump pressure from the target pressure to the standby pressure, and check whether the flow rate of the fire branch of the fire alarm box k has dropped below the stable flow rate threshold. If yes, close the controllable valve of the fire branch of the fire alarm box k; otherwise, continue the check. The cooling flow rate of all the boxes in the flow maintenance center is restored from the flow maintenance value to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode. After the recovery period, the controllable valves of the cooling circuits of all non-fire boxes in the minimum isolation center are opened and restored to the design flow rate under normal cooling mode. After all the cooling circuits of the plug boxes are restored to normal operation, the system operation mode will be switched from fire emergency mode back to normal cooling mode.

10. A dynamic pressure regulation and control system for an energy storage fire pump, implementing the dynamic pressure regulation and control method for an energy storage fire pump as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Fire detection module: acquires the current temperature value of all battery compartments to form a temperature vector, and detects in real time whether the compartments output a fire confirmation signal that meets the protection judgment conditions; If yes, obtain the fire alarm box information; otherwise, continue the detection. Flow analysis module: Extract the row vector corresponding to the fire box k from the pre-analyzed hydraulic coupling matrix, combine it with the temperature vector, calculate the hydraulic risk level and thermal state risk coefficient of each non-fire box s in the row vector, divide to obtain the optimized risk set, extract the minimum isolation set and flow maintenance set from the optimized risk set, and calculate the flow maintenance value for each non-fire box in the flow maintenance set. The hydraulic coupling matrix is ​​used to characterize the degree of hydraulic interference between any two battery packs in the system. Control and dispatch module: Sends corresponding control commands to the cooling circuits of non-fire-prone junction boxes in the optimized risk set, and simultaneously sends an opening command to the fire branch of fire-prone junction box k. Verifies whether each junction box meets the synchronization condition. If so, the pressure of the fire pump is increased from the standby pressure to the dynamic target pressure; otherwise, a timeout alarm is triggered. Release detection module: Checks whether the fire alarm box k meets the fire alarm release conditions. If yes, it resumes normal operation; otherwise, it continues to detect.

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