Tilting pad bearing and heat dissipation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bearings, and discloses a tilting pad bearing and a heat dissipation method thereof.The tilting pad bearing comprises a bearing seat and pads, the bearing seat is of a semi-circular ring structure with two opposite openings, the pads capable of swinging are evenly and rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the bearing seat in the circumferential direction, and the ends of the pads swing outwards to press lubricating oil so that the lubricating oil can be immersed into the inner side faces of the pads; an outer opening of each oil channel is smaller than an inner opening of each oil channel, a screw plug is arranged on the inner side of each oil channel, a steel ball is arranged in each oil channel, the diameter of each steel ball is larger than an end opening of each screw plug, a plurality of oil ports are formed in the end of each screw plug, an end groove is formed in the end, away from the steel ball, of each screw plug, and the diameter of each steel ball is larger than the diameter of each outer opening of each oil channel. The steel ball slides in the oil channel in the axial direction. The steel balls are arranged in the oil channels, automatic rolling of the steel balls is achieved through the pressure difference of lubricating oil on the inner sides and the outer sides of the tile blocks, the one-way circulation function of the lubricating oil is achieved, continuous supply of the lubricating oil is guaranteed, and reverse leakage is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearings, and more specifically to a tilting pad bearing and a heat dissipation method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Tilting pad bearings are widely used in rotating machinery such as steam turbines and compressors due to their advantages such as good stability, high load-bearing capacity and excellent vibration resistance.

[0003] Tilting pad bearings typically consist of a bearing housing and several pads that swing around a pivot point. During operation, the rotation of the shaft brings lubricating oil into the gap between the pads and the shaft to form an oil film, which supports the shaft through the pressure of the oil film.

[0004] In the prior art, oil channels or grooves are usually opened on the bearing pads to improve the lubrication and heat dissipation performance of bearings. For example, Chinese invention patent CN119412441B discloses a new type of high-temperature resistant small-hole tilting pad bearing. This bearing is mainly designed for gas lubrication. Its pads have cylindrical threaded holes as air supply channels, which are connected to a pneumatic connector on the back of the pads to form an air supply passage. The ends of the threaded holes are sealed by wrapping Teflon tape with screw plugs.

[0005] However, the flow channel design of the aforementioned prior art primarily serves gas and lacks pressure control tailored to the characteristics of liquid lubricating oil. Specifically, its flow channel is always open. When such a structure is applied to a liquid-lubricated tilting pad bearing, during shaft rotation, when the lubricating oil film pressure on the inner working surface of the pad increases and exceeds the pressure inside the flow channel, the lubricating oil is prone to backflow through the flow channel, making it difficult to maintain the oil film pressure and reducing lubrication reliability.

[0006] Meanwhile, existing technology cannot adjust the flow channel opening and closing according to the pressure difference of lubricating oil inside and outside the bearing. It is difficult to automatically open the flow channel for rapid oil replenishment when the bearing is deflected and squeezed and the outer pressure increases. It is also difficult to automatically close the flow channel to prevent high-pressure oil loss when the inner pressure rises. This results in low lubricating oil utilization and affects the operating stability of the bearing under high load and other working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tilting pad bearing and its heat dissipation method in order to solve the above problems. A one-way opening and closing oil passage structure based on the lubricating oil pressure difference is constructed inside the pad of the tilting pad bearing. By setting an axially movable sealing element in the oil passage, the oil passage can be automatically opened or closed under different pressure conditions, thereby realizing the adaptive supply and reverse blocking of lubricating oil to maintain the stability of the oil film pressure on the working surface of the pad, as detailed below.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a tilting pad bearing, comprising a bearing housing and pads. The bearing housing is a semi-circular ring structure with two openings facing each other. Multiple swingable pads are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bearing housing in the circumferential direction. The ends of the pads swing outward to compress lubricating oil so that it is immersed in the inner side of the pads. Both ends of the bearing have oil passages that penetrate the inner and outer sides of the bearing. The outer opening of the oil passage is smaller than the inner opening. A screw plug is provided inside the oil passage, and a steel ball is provided inside the oil passage. The diameter of the steel ball is larger than the opening at the end of the screw plug. The end of the screw plug has multiple oil ports, and the end of the screw plug away from the steel ball has an end groove. The diameter of the steel ball is larger than the diameter of the outer opening of the oil passage. The steel ball slides axially in the oil passage and rolls under the pressure difference of the lubricating oil inside and outside the bearing to control the opening and closing of the oil passage.

[0009] Preferably, the inner side of the tile is provided with a guide groove that connects the inner openings of two oil passages, and the lubricating oil enters the guide groove through the oil passages and flows to the inner side of the tile.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the oil passage near the inner side of the bearing is provided with an external thread, the outer wall of the plug is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread, and the diameter of the steel ball is smaller than the diameter of the inner end of the oil passage.

[0011] Preferably, multiple locking blocks are fixed on both sides of the outer side of the tile, the locking blocks are symmetrically distributed, and multiple locking grooves corresponding to the locking blocks are opened on the inner wall of the bearing seat. The locking pads are fixed on the inner wall of the locking grooves, and the side wall of the locking grooves is an inclined surface that slopes towards the middle of the tile.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the tile is provided with multiple oil guide grooves, the end of the oil guide groove is located in the middle of the tile, and the other end of the oil guide groove is connected to the outer port of the oil passage. Multiple pressure grooves are provided at both ends of the outer side of the tile, and the opening of the pressure grooves gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0013] Preferably, the bearing seat has a shaft hole in the bottom wall, a rotating shaft is provided through the middle of the tile, the two bearing seats have the same end cover at the top, the end cover has a groove corresponding to the shaft hole in the middle, the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted between the shaft hole and the groove, and the end cover is threaded with a plurality of studs that are staggered with the groove, the ends of the studs are threaded to the top of the bearing seat.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing housing has multiple positioning grooves that are staggered with the bearing blocks on its side wall. Each positioning groove has a positioning block inserted into it. The end of each positioning block has a telescopic opening. A telescopic cylinder with openings at both ends is fixed in the middle of the telescopic opening. Positioning pins are slidably provided at both ends of the telescopic cylinder. A spring is provided in the middle of the telescopic cylinder, with its two ends respectively abutting against the positioning pins and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder. The bottom of the bearing housing has a through groove corresponding to the positioning pins, and the middle of the end cap has a through hole corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the through groove. A docking platform corresponding to the through hole is fixed at the bottom of the end cap, and the opening in the middle of the docking platform corresponds to the positioning pin.

[0015] Preferably, a protrusion is fixed to the end of the positioning block away from the bearing seat, and the width of the protrusion is greater than the width of the positioning groove.

[0016] Preferably, the bearing housing has multiple connecting grooves on its outer circumference, and the connecting grooves of two bearing housings correspond to each other and a screw is provided in the middle.

[0017] The present invention also provides a heat dissipation method for tilting pad bearings, specifically including the following steps: a. The shaft is installed in the cavity formed by the snapping of two semi-circular bearing seats and supported between the inner surfaces of multiple circumferentially distributed bearing pads. When the shaft rotates, it drives the lubricating oil to flow in the gap and generates oil film pressure on the bearing pads. When the shaft shifts and squeezes the bearing pads, the lubricating oil pressure in the outer area is greater than the pressure on the inner working surface. The pressure on the outer side of the oil passage pushes the steel ball in the oil passage to move inward and separate from the outer opening of the oil passage. The external lubricating oil flows into the inner side of the oil passage through the outer opening of the oil passage, the steel ball and the multiple oil ports at the end of the screw plug. The lubricating oil flowing into the inner side of the oil passage diffuses and flows between adjacent oil passages and on the entire working surface of the bearing pad through the guide groove opened on the inner side of the bearing pad, forming a lubricating and heat dissipation oil film covering the inner surface of the bearing pad, cooling the friction contact area between the bearing pad and the shaft. b. After the lubricating oil flows through the working surface of the bearing and carries away the frictional heat, the oil film pressure increases. When the lubricating oil pressure on the inner working surface of the bearing is greater than the pressure on its outer side, the high-pressure lubricating oil pushes the steel ball in the oil passage to move outward in the opposite direction, so that the steel ball tightly seals the outer opening of the oil passage, thereby blocking the lubricating oil from leaking back through the oil passage. c. During the continuous rotation of the shaft and the swing of the bearing pad, the cooperation between the locking block and the inclined surface in the locking groove guides some of the lubricating oil in the bearing housing to the central area of ​​the bearing pad along the inclined surface, increasing the amount of lubricating oil accumulated on the outer side of the bearing pad. At the same time, the oil guide groove on the outer side of the bearing pad guides the lubricating oil from the outer port of the oil passage to the center of the bearing pad. Combined with the structure of the pressure groove with the opening narrowing from the inside to the outside, it generates a convergence and pressure boosting effect on the lubricating oil flowing to both sides of the bearing pad, promoting the flow of lubricating oil towards the center of the working area.

[0018] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. This invention sets a steel ball in the oil passage and uses the pressure difference of the lubricating oil inside and outside the pad to realize the automatic rolling of the steel ball. When the pressure outside the oil passage is greater than that inside, the steel ball moves inward to open the opening outside the oil passage, and the lubricating oil flows in continuously. When the pressure inside the oil passage is greater than that outside, the steel ball moves outward to block the opening outside the oil passage, blocking the reverse leakage of lubricating oil, thus realizing the automatic one-way flow function of lubricating oil, ensuring the continuous supply of lubricating oil and preventing reverse leakage. 2. By opening a guide groove on the inner side of the bearing, connecting the inner openings of two oil passages, the lubricating oil enters the guide groove through the oil passage and flows to the inner surface of the bearing, forming a uniform lubricating oil film. At the same time, the oil storage chamber formed between the inner end of the oil passage and the screw plug can store lubricating oil after the oil passage is closed, so that the bearing can continue to output lubricating oil through the oil storage chamber and the guide groove when the bearing does not deflect, maintaining continuous lubrication of the bearing working surface and avoiding dry friction. 3. By setting the cooperation between the card block and the inclined surface in the card slot, the inclined surface guides the lubricating oil to gather in the middle area of ​​the pad, while the oil guide groove on the outer side of the pad guides the lubricating oil from the outer port of the oil passage to the middle of the pad, realizing the gathering and transportation of lubricating oil on the outer side of the pad, increasing the lubricating oil pressure in the middle of the pad, which helps to push the steel ball in the oil passage to move inward. 4. By setting pressure grooves at both ends of the outer side of the tile, the opening of the pressure groove gradually narrows from the inside to the outside. The narrow end of the pressure groove acts as a seal to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing and leaking to the outer edge of the tile, so that the lubricating oil is concentrated in the middle area of ​​the tile. At the same time, some of the lubricating oil is squeezed when it flows out through the pressure groove, which increases the pressure of the lubricating oil at the outlet, increases the working pressure of the lubricating oil, and improves the lubrication efficiency. 5. When it is necessary to replace the positioning block, pull the protrusion on the outside of the bearing housing, press the positioning pin inward through the through hole and through groove, and the positioning pin will retract and the positioning block can be pulled out. No special tools are needed, which can realize quick replacement of positioning block and facilitate daily maintenance and repair. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of the present invention; Figure 4This is the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing housing of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the bearing housing and end cap of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the end cap of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the positioning block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tile block of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the tile block of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw plug of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the outer side structure of the tile block of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the tile block of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the bearing housing of the present invention.

[0021] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Bearing housing; 101. Positioning groove; 102. Shaft hole; 103. Connecting groove; 103a. Screw; 104. Through groove; 105. Slot; 105a. Slipper; 2. Bearing block; 201. Oil passage; 201a. Guide groove; 201b. External thread; 202. Shaft; 203. Pressure groove; 204. Oil guide groove; 205. Slip block; 206. Screw plug; 206a. End groove; 206b. Oil port; 206c. Internal thread; 207. Steel ball; 3. Positioning block; 301. Telescopic port; 302. Telescopic cylinder; 303. Positioning pin; 304. Spring; 305. Protrusion; 4. End cap; 401. Stud; 402. Through hole; 403. Docking platform; 404. Snap groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] See Figures 1-14As shown, the present invention provides a tilting pad bearing, including a bearing housing 1 and pads 2. The bearing housing 1 is a semi-circular ring structure with two openings facing each other. The two bearing housings 1 are fastened together to form a cavity for mounting the shaft. Multiple swingable pads 2 are evenly rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the bearing housing 1 along the circumference. The inner surfaces of the multiple pads 2 together form a support surface for the shaft. The ends of the pads 2 swing outward to compress the lubricating oil so that it is immersed in the inner surface of the pads 2 to form an oil film gap. Both ends of the bearing 2 are provided with oil passages 201 that penetrate the inner and outer sides of the bearing 2. The oil passages 201 extend from the outer side of the bearing 2 to the inner side of the bearing 2. The outer opening of the oil passage 201 is smaller than the inner opening, and the outer opening is narrow while the inner opening is wide, to facilitate the entry and exit of lubricating oil. A screw plug 206 is provided on the inner side of the oil passage 201 (see details). Figures 10-11The plug 206 is screwed into the inner end of the oil passage 201. The inner wall of the inner end of the oil passage 201 has an external thread 201b, and the outer wall of the plug 206 has an internal thread 206c that matches the external thread 201b. The plug 206 is threadedly connected to the inner end of the oil passage 201. A steel ball 207 is provided inside the oil passage 201, positioned between the plug 206 and the outer opening of the oil passage 201. The diameter of the steel ball 207 is larger than the opening at the end of the plug 206, forming a seal at the opening of the plug 206 and preventing the steel ball 207 from entering the interior of the plug 206. Multiple oil ports 206b are evenly distributed at the end of the plug 206. Lubricating oil enters the interior of the plug 206 through the oil ports 206b and flows towards the inner surface of the bearing 2. The end of the plug 206 away from the steel ball 207 has an end groove 206a, which is used for oil flow and release. The diameter of the steel ball 207 is larger than the diameter of the outer opening of the oil passage 201, which prevents the steel ball 207 from falling out of the outer opening of the oil passage 201. The steel ball 207 slides axially in the oil passage 201 and can move freely in the axial direction. It rolls under the pressure difference of the lubricating oil inside and outside the pad 2 to control the opening and closing of the oil passage 201. When the lubricating oil pressure outside the oil passage 201 is greater than the pressure inside, the steel ball 207 rolls inward to open the outer opening of the oil passage 201. When the pressure inside the oil passage 201 is greater than the pressure outside, the steel ball 207 rolls outward to block the outer opening of the oil passage 201, thus realizing the one-way flow function of the oil passage 201. In the example of this application, the outer opening of the oil passage 201 has an annular edge structure, and the outer diameter of the steel ball 207 is larger than the diameter of the outer opening, forming a line contact or surface contact sealing fit at the outer opening. The steel ball 207 is arranged axially along the oil passage 201 and can reciprocate between the inner end of the oil passage 201 and the outer opening. When the steel ball 207 moves to the outer opening, its outer diameter forms a sealing fit with the outer opening, thereby blocking the oil passage 201. When the steel ball 207 moves away from the outer opening, a flow gap is formed between the outer opening of the oil passage 201 and the steel ball 207. In the example of this application, the inner wall of the oil passage 201 is a smooth cylindrical surface, and a clearance fit is provided between the steel ball 207 and the inner wall of the oil passage 201 to ensure that the steel ball 207 can move freely under the action of lubricating oil. The steel ball 207 and the outer opening of the oil passage 201 form a one-way valve structure. This one-way valve is in the open state when the outer pressure is higher than the inner pressure and in the closed state when the inner pressure is higher than the outer pressure.

[0024] As an optional implementation, a guide groove 201a is provided on the inner side of the tile 2, which connects the inner openings of two oil passages 201. The guide groove 201a is located on the working surface of the inner side of the tile 2 and is arc-shaped. The inner openings of the two oil passages 201 are located in the middle of the guide groove 201a. The guide groove 201a connects the inner openings of the two oil passages 201 on the inner side of the tile 2, forming a channel for the flow of lubricating oil. The lubricating oil enters the guide groove 201a through the oil passages 201. After flowing out from the inner openings of the oil passages 201, the lubricating oil enters the guide groove 201a and flows along the channel of the guide groove 201a to the inner side of the tile 2. The lubricating oil flows in the guide groove 201a and is distributed on the inner side of the tile 2, forming a lubricating oil film. Simultaneously, the oil passage 201, between its inner end opening and the screw plug 206, forms an oil storage chamber. After the oil passage 201 is closed, some lubricating oil is stored in this oil storage chamber, ensuring that the lubricating oil pressure on the working surface of the tile 2 is balanced with the external pressure when the tile 2 is not deflected. The steel ball 207 blocks the outer opening of the oil passage 201, and the lubricating oil is stored in the oil storage chamber between the inner end of the oil passage 201 and the screw plug 206. The stored lubricating oil can be discharged through the inner end opening of the oil passage 201 via the guide groove 201a. The lubricating oil flows from the oil storage chamber to the guide groove 201a, and then flows from the guide groove 201a to the inner side of the tile 2, maintaining continuous lubrication of the working surface of the tile 2. In this application, the cavity formed between the inner end of the oil passage 201 and the screw plug 206 constitutes an oil storage chamber, which is connected to the guide groove 201a, allowing the oil passage 201 to slowly release lubricating oil to the working surface of the tile 2 even when it is closed.

[0025] Multiple locking blocks 205 are fixed on both sides of the outer side of tile 2 (see details). Figure 12 The locking block 205 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tile 2. Multiple locking blocks 205 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer side of the tile 2. The locking blocks 205 are symmetrically distributed along the middle of the tile 2. The locking blocks 205 on the left side of the tile 2 correspond one-to-one with the locking blocks 205 on the right side, forming a symmetrical structure to ensure the uniformity of force on the tile 2. Furthermore, a locking groove 105 is provided along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the bearing seat 1 corresponding to each position of the tile 2. The number of locking grooves 105 is the same as the number of locking blocks 205 on the tile 2, and their positions are correspondingly distributed. The locking grooves 105 are opened on the inner wall of the bearing seat 1 and extend into the interior of the bearing seat 1. A locking pad 105a is fixed to the inner wall of the locking groove 105 (see details). Figure 4 The pad 105a is made of wear-resistant and oil-resistant rubber. The pad 105a is fixed to the inner wall of the slot 105 by adhesive. The pad 105a contacts the block 205 to reduce friction and buffer. The sidewall of the slot 105 is an inclined surface sloping towards the center of the bearing 2. The sidewall of the slot 105 is inclined, extending from the opening of the slot 105 towards the center of the bearing 2. The angle of inclination of the inclined surface forms an angle with the horizontal plane. This inclined surface guides the flow of lubricating oil. The bearing 205 engages with the inclined surface inside the slot 105. When the bearing 2 swings under the pressure of the shaft, the lubricating oil on one side of the bearing 2 is squeezed and flows towards the slot 105. The lubricating oil flows along the inclined surface of the sidewall of the slot 105, and the inclined surface guides the lubricating oil towards the central area of ​​the bearing 2, thus achieving lubricating oil flow within the bearing. The outer side of the tile 2 is gathered, and multiple oil guide grooves 204 are opened on the outer side of the tile 2. The oil guide groove 204 is a linear groove opened on the outer surface of the tile 2. The end of the oil guide groove 204 is located in the middle of the tile 2. One end of the oil guide groove 204 is located in the middle area of ​​the tile 2, and the other end of the oil guide groove 204 extends to the outer port of the oil passage 201. The end of the oil guide groove 204 is connected to the outer opening of the oil passage 201. When one side of the tile 2 is tilted, the lubricating oil is squeezed into the oil guide groove 204 and guided into the corresponding oil passage 201, so as to guide and transport the lubricating oil to the middle of the working surface of the tile 2. Multiple pressure grooves 203 are formed at both ends of the outer side of the bearing 2. The pressure grooves 203 are recessed structures formed at both ends of the outer side of the bearing 2. The internal space of the pressure grooves 203 gradually narrows from the middle of the bearing 2 towards the edge of the bearing 2. When the bearing 2 swings under the pressure of the shaft, the lubricating oil on both sides of the bearing 2 is squeezed and flows. The narrow end of the pressure groove 203 acts as a seal, preventing the lubricating oil from continuing to flow and leak to the outer edge of the bearing 2, so that the lubricating oil is concentrated in the middle area of ​​the bearing 2, thereby increasing the lubricating oil pressure in the middle of the bearing 2. Increased oil pressure helps to push the steel ball 207 in the oil passage 201 to move inward, thus achieving a continuous supply of lubricating oil. At the same time, as a typical channel for squeezing oil out from both sides of the tilting pad bearing, the pressure groove 203 will still allow some lubricating oil to flow out through the side with the smaller opening. Since the opening of the pressure groove 203 gradually narrows from the inside to the outside, the lubricating oil flowing out of the pressure groove 203 is squeezed by the pressure groove 203, which increases the pressure of the lubricating oil at the outlet and increases the working pressure of the lubricating oil flowing out from both sides of the pad 2.

[0026] A shaft hole 102 is provided on the bottom wall of the bearing housing 1. The shaft hole 102 is a hole that passes through the bottom wall of the bearing housing 1 and is used to provide rotational support for the rotating shaft 202. The rotating shaft 202 is a cylindrical metal rod that passes through the middle of the bearing block 2. The rotating shaft 202 enters from one end of the bearing block 2 and exits from the other end. The rotating shaft 202 is fixedly connected to the bearing block 2. The rotating shaft 202 passes through the middle of the bearing block 2 to provide a rotation center for the bearing block 2, so that the bearing block 2 can swing around the rotating shaft 202. The top of the two bearing housings 1 is provided with the same end cap 4. The end cap 4 covers the top port of the two bearing housings 1. The end cap 4 has a groove 404 in the middle that corresponds to the shaft hole 102 (see details). Figure 7The groove 404 is a recess in the middle of the end cover 4. The position of the groove 404 corresponds to and is coaxial with the position of the shaft hole 102 on the bottom wall of the bearing seat 1. The rotating shaft 202 is rotatably inserted between the shaft hole 102 and the groove 404. One end of the rotating shaft 202 is inserted into the shaft hole 102 on the bottom wall of the bearing seat 1, and the other end of the rotating shaft 202 is inserted into the groove 404 in the middle of the end cover 4. The shaft hole 102 and the groove 404 together provide a rotation support point for the rotating shaft 202, so that the rotating shaft 202 can rotate stably in the shaft hole 102 and the groove 404. The tile 2 swings synchronously with the rotating shaft 202. Furthermore, the end cap 4 has multiple studs 401 threadedly connected to its center, interspersed with the slots 404. Each stud 401 is a threaded cylindrical fastener that passes through a threaded hole on the end cap 4 and is threadedly connected to it. The studs 401 are staggered with the slots 404 on the end cap 4. The end of each stud 401 is threadedly connected to the top of the bearing housing 1, and screwed into a threaded hole on the top of the bearing housing 1. The studs 401 secure the end cap 4 to the top of the bearing housing 1 through this threaded connection, thus achieving a fixed connection between the end cap 4 and the bearing housing 1. The bearing housing 1 has multiple connecting grooves 103 on its outer circumference. A strip-shaped groove is provided on the outer wall of the bearing housing 1. The connecting grooves 103 of the two bearing housings 1 correspond and a screw 103a is provided in the middle. After the two bearing housings 1 are separated in half, a connecting groove 103 is provided on the outer circumference of each bearing housing 1. When the two bearing housings 1 are closed, the connecting groove 103 of one bearing housing 1 corresponds to the connecting groove 103 of the other bearing housing 1. The screw 103a is a threaded rod-shaped part. The screw 103a passes through the middle of the two corresponding connecting grooves 103. The screw 103a is fixed by a nut or other fasteners to connect the two bearing housings 1 into a whole, realizing the assembly and fixation between the two bearing housings 1.

[0027] The side wall of the bearing housing 1 has multiple positioning grooves 101 that are staggered with those of the bearing pad 2 (see details). Figure 5The positioning groove 101 is a rectangular groove formed on the side wall of the bearing housing 1. The number of positioning grooves 101 matches the number of bearing pads 2. The positioning grooves 101 are distributed along the axial direction of the bearing housing 1 and are staggered with the positions of the bearing pads 2. A positioning block 3 is inserted into each positioning groove 101. The positioning block 3 is a block-shaped part adapted to the positioning groove 101. The positioning block 3 can be inserted into the positioning groove 101 and form a sliding connection with the positioning groove 101. The positioning block 3 is used to limit the bearing pad 2 and prevent the bearing pad 2 from moving axially and detaching from the bearing housing 1. The end of the positioning block 3 has a through-hole 301. The slot at the end of the positioning block 3 is through which the telescopic opening 301 is opened radially or axially along the positioning block 3. A telescopic cylinder 302 with openings at both ends is fixedly installed in the middle of the telescopic opening 301. The telescopic cylinder 302 is a hollow cylindrical tubular component. The telescopic cylinder 302 is fixed in the middle position of the telescopic opening 301. The two ends of the telescopic cylinder 302 are respectively opened towards the two sides of the positioning block 3. Positioning pins 303 are slidably installed at both ends of the telescopic cylinder 302. The positioning pins 303 can slide along the axial direction of the telescopic cylinder 302. A spring 304 is provided in the middle of the telescopic cylinder 302, with its two ends respectively abutting against the positioning pins 303 and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 302 (see details). Figure 8 The two ends of the spring 304 abut against the ends of the two positioning pins 303 respectively. When the spring 304 is in a compressed state, it generates elastic force, which pushes the two positioning pins 303 to move outwards at both ends of the telescopic cylinder 302, keeping the ends of the positioning pins 303 in an extended state. The bottom of the bearing seat 1 is provided with a through groove 104 corresponding to the positioning pin 303. The through groove 104 is a hole that passes through the bottom of the bearing seat 1. The position of the through groove 104 corresponds to the position of the positioning pin 303 on the positioning block 3. When the positioning pin 303 is extended, the end of the positioning pin 303 is inserted into the through groove 104, realizing the positioning connection between the positioning block 3 and the bearing seat 1. The end cap 4 is provided with a through hole 402 in the middle, which corresponds to the upper and lower parts of the through groove 104. Position 402 is vertically aligned with the through groove 104 at the bottom of bearing housing 1. When end cap 4 is installed on top of bearing housing 1, through hole 402 corresponds vertically to through groove 104. A mating platform 403 corresponding to through hole 402 is fixed to the bottom of end cap 4. The mating platform 403 is a block-shaped structure protruding from the bottom surface of end cap 4. The mating platform 403 is arranged around through hole 402. The opening in the middle of mating platform 403 corresponds to positioning pin 303. The opening in the middle of mating platform 403 is concentrically aligned with through hole 402. The end of positioning pin 303 can pass through the opening in the middle of mating platform 403 and be inserted into through hole 402, thus connecting and fixing end cap 4 and positioning block 3. A protrusion 305 is fixed to the end of positioning block 3 away from bearing housing 1 (see details). Figure 3 , Figure 8 The protrusion 305 is a block-shaped structure fixedly connected to the end of the positioning block 3, and the width of the protrusion 305 is greater than the width of the positioning groove 101. Pulling the protrusion 305 from the outside of the bearing housing 1 causes the positioning block 3 to move. During the movement of the positioning block 3, the positioning pin 303 is pressed inward through the through hole 402 and the through groove 104. As the positioning pin 303 retracts, it compresses the spring 304. The spring 304 is compressed and generates a reverse elastic force. When the end of the positioning pin 303 is fully retracted to be flush with the positioning block 3, the positioning pin 303 no longer engages with the through groove 104 and the through hole 402. At this time, the positioning block 3 separates from the bearing housing 1 and the end cover 4, and can be pulled out from the positioning groove 101 to achieve quick replacement of the positioning block 3.

[0028] A heat dissipation method for a tilting pad bearing includes the following steps: a. The shaft is installed in the cavity formed by the snapping of two semi-circular bearing seats 1 and supported between the inner surfaces of multiple circumferentially distributed bearing pads 2. When the shaft rotates, it drives the lubricating oil to flow in the gap and generates oil film pressure on the bearing pads 2. When the shaft shifts and squeezes the bearing pads 2, the lubricating oil pressure in the outer area is greater than the pressure on the inner working surface. The pressure on the outer side of the oil passage 201 pushes the steel ball 207 in the oil passage 201 to move inward and separate from the outer opening of the oil passage 201. The external lubricating oil flows into the inner side of the oil passage 201 through the outer opening of the oil passage 201, the steel ball 207 and the multiple oil ports 206b at the end of the screw plug 206. The lubricating oil flowing into the inner side of the oil passage 201 diffuses and flows between adjacent oil passages 201 and the entire working surface of the bearing pads 2 through the guide groove 201a opened on the inner side of the bearing pads 2, forming a lubricating and heat dissipation oil film covering the inner surface of the bearing pads 2, cooling the friction contact area between the bearing pads 2 and the shaft. b. After the lubricating oil flows through the working surface of the tile 2 and carries away the frictional heat, the oil film pressure increases. When the lubricating oil pressure on the inner working surface of the tile 2 is greater than the pressure on its outer side, the high-pressure lubricating oil pushes the steel ball 207 in the oil passage 201 to move outward, so that the steel ball 207 tightly seals the outer opening of the oil passage 201, thereby blocking the lubricating oil from leaking back through the oil passage 201. c. During the continuous rotation of the shaft and the swing of the bearing pad 2, the cooperation between the locking block 205 and the inclined surface inside the locking groove 105 guides some of the lubricating oil inside the bearing seat 1 to the middle area of ​​the bearing pad 2 along the inclined surface, increasing the amount of lubricating oil accumulated on the outer side of the bearing pad 2. At the same time, the oil guide groove 204 on the outer side of the bearing pad 2 guides the lubricating oil from the outer port of the oil passage 201 to the middle of the bearing pad 2. With the structure of the pressure groove 203, which has a narrowing opening from the inside to the outside, it generates a convergence and pressure boosting effect on the lubricating oil flowing to both sides of the bearing pad 2, promoting the flow of lubricating oil towards the center of the working area.

[0029] By setting a steel ball 207 in the oil passage 201 and using the pressure difference of the lubricating oil on the inside and outside of the pad 2 to realize the automatic rolling of the steel ball 207, when the pressure on the outside of the oil passage 201 is greater than that on the inside, the steel ball 207 moves inward to open the opening on the outside of the oil passage 201, and the lubricating oil flows in continuously. When the pressure on the inside of the oil passage 201 is greater than that on the outside, the steel ball 207 moves outward to block the opening on the outside of the oil passage 201, blocking the reverse leakage of lubricating oil, thus realizing the automatic one-way flow function of lubricating oil, ensuring the continuous supply of lubricating oil and preventing reverse leakage. By opening a guide groove 201a on the inner side of the pad 2 and connecting the inner openings of the two oil passages 201, the lubricating oil enters the guide groove 201a through the oil passage 201 and flows to the inner surface of the pad 2, forming a uniform lubricating oil film. At the same time, the oil storage chamber formed between the inner end of the oil passage 201 and the screw plug 206 can store the lubricating oil after the oil passage 201 is closed, so that the pad 2 can still continuously output lubricating oil through the oil storage chamber and the guide groove 201a when it does not deflect, maintain the continuous lubrication of the working surface of the pad 2, and avoid dry friction. By setting the cooperation between the card block 205 and the inclined surface in the card slot 105, the inclined surface guides the lubricating oil to gather in the middle area of ​​the tile 2. At the same time, the oil guide groove 204 on the outer side of the tile 2 guides the lubricating oil from the outer port of the oil passage 201 to the middle of the tile 2, realizing the gathering and transportation of lubricating oil on the outer side of the tile 2, increasing the lubricating oil pressure in the middle of the tile 2, which helps to push the steel ball 207 in the oil passage 201 to move inward. By setting pressure grooves 203 at both ends of the outer side of the tile 2, the opening of the pressure grooves 203 gradually narrows from the inside to the outside. The narrow end of the pressure grooves 203 acts as a seal to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing and leaking to the outer edge of the tile 2, so that the lubricating oil is concentrated in the middle area of ​​the tile 2. At the same time, when some of the lubricating oil flows out through the pressure grooves 203, it is squeezed, which increases the pressure of the lubricating oil at the outlet, increases the working pressure of the lubricating oil, and improves the lubrication efficiency. When it is necessary to replace the positioning block 3, the protrusion 305 is pulled from the outside of the bearing seat 1, and the positioning pin 303 is pressed inward through the through hole 402 and through groove 104. After the positioning pin 303 retracts, the positioning block 3 can be pulled out. No special tools are needed, which can quickly replace the positioning block 3 and facilitate daily maintenance and repair.

[0030] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tilting pad bearing, characterized in that: Includes a bearing housing (1) and a bearing block (2). The bearing housing (1) is a semi-circular ring structure with two openings facing each other. Multiple swingable bearing blocks (2) are uniformly rotated along the circumference on the inner wall of the bearing housing (1). The ends of the bearing blocks (2) swing outward to compress the lubricating oil so that it is immersed in the inner side of the bearing block (2). Both ends of the tile (2) are provided with oil passages (201) that penetrate the inner and outer sides of the tile (2). The outer opening of the oil passage (201) is smaller than the inner opening. A screw plug (206) is provided inside the oil passage (201). A steel ball (207) is provided inside the oil passage (201). The diameter of the steel ball (207) is larger than the end opening of the screw plug (206). Multiple oil ports (206b) are provided at the end of the screw plug (206). An end groove (206a) is provided at the end of the screw plug (206) away from the steel ball (207). The diameter of the steel ball (207) is larger than the diameter of the outer opening of the oil passage (201). The steel ball (207) slides axially in the oil passage (201) and rolls under the pressure difference of the lubricating oil inside and outside the tile (2) to control the opening and closing of the oil passage (201).

2. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the tile (2) is provided with a guide groove (201a) that connects the inner openings of two oil passages (201). The lubricating oil enters the guide groove (201a) through the oil passages (201) and flows to the inner side of the tile (2).

3. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the end of the oil passage (201) near the inner side of the tile (2) is provided with an external thread (201b), and the outer wall of the plug (206) is provided with an internal thread (206c) that matches the external thread (201b). The diameter of the steel ball (207) is smaller than the inner end diameter of the oil passage (201).

4. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple locking blocks (205) are fixed on both sides of the outer side of the tile (2). The locking blocks (205) are symmetrically distributed, and multiple slots (105) corresponding to the locking blocks (205) are opened on the inner wall of the bearing seat (1). A pad (105a) is fixed on the inner wall of the slot (105), and the side wall of the slot (105) is an inclined surface that slopes towards the middle of the tile (2).

5. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the tile (2) is provided with multiple oil guide grooves (204), the end of the oil guide groove (204) is located in the middle of the tile (2), and the other end of the oil guide groove (204) is connected to the outer port of the oil passage (201). The outer side of the tile (2) is provided with multiple pressure grooves (203), and the pressure grooves (203) gradually narrow from the inside to the outside.

6. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing seat (1) has a shaft hole (102) on its bottom wall. The tile (2) has a rotating shaft (202) running through its middle. The two bearing seats (1) have the same end cap (4) on their tops. The end cap (4) has a groove (404) in its middle that corresponds to the shaft hole (102). The rotating shaft (202) is rotatably inserted between the shaft hole (102) and the groove (404). The end cap (4) has a threaded connection with a plurality of studs (401) that are staggered with the groove (404). The end of the stud (401) is threaded to the top of the bearing seat (1).

7. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bearing seat (1) has multiple positioning grooves (101) that are staggered with the tile (2) on its side wall. Positioning blocks (3) are inserted into each positioning groove (101). A telescopic opening (301) is provided through the end of the positioning block (3). A telescopic cylinder (302) with openings at both ends is fixed in the middle of the telescopic opening (301). Positioning pins (303) are slidably provided at both ends of the telescopic cylinder (302). A spring (304) is provided in the middle of the telescopic cylinder (302) with its two ends abutting against the positioning pins (303) and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (302) respectively. A through groove (104) corresponding to the positioning pin (303) is provided through the bottom of the bearing seat (1). A through hole (402) corresponding to the upper and lower through groove (104) is provided through the middle of the end cap (4). A docking platform (403) corresponding to the through hole (402) is fixed at the bottom of the end cap (4). The opening in the middle of the docking platform (403) corresponds to the positioning pin (303).

8. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the positioning block (3) away from the bearing seat (1) is fixed with a protrusion (305), the width of which is greater than the width of the positioning groove (101).

9. The tilting pad bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing housing (1) has multiple connecting grooves (103) on its outer circumference. The connecting grooves (103) of the two bearing housings (1) correspond to each other and a screw (103a) is provided in the middle.

10. A heat dissipation method for a tilting pad bearing according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. The shaft is installed in the cavity formed by the snapping of two semi-circular bearing seats (1) and supported between the inner surfaces of multiple circumferentially distributed bearing blocks (2). When the shaft rotates, it drives the lubricating oil to flow in the gap and generates oil film pressure on the bearing blocks (2). When the shaft shifts and squeezes the bearing blocks (2) so that the lubricating oil pressure in the outer area is greater than the pressure on the inner working surface, the pressure on the outer side of the oil passage (201) pushes the steel ball (207) in the oil passage (201) to move inward and separate from the outer opening of the oil passage (201). External lubricating oil flows continuously into the inner side of the oil passage (201) through the outer opening of the oil passage (201), the multiple oil ports (206b) at the end of the steel ball (207) and the screw plug (206). The lubricating oil flowing into the inner side of the oil passage (201) diffuses and flows between adjacent oil passages (201) and on the entire working surface of the pad (2) through the guide groove (201a) opened on the inner side of the pad (2), forming a lubricating and heat dissipation oil film covering the inner side of the pad (2) and cooling the friction contact area between the pad (2) and the shaft. b. After the lubricating oil flows through the working surface of the tile (2) and carries away the frictional heat, the oil film pressure increases. When the lubricating oil pressure on the inner working surface of the tile (2) is greater than the pressure on its outer side, the high-pressure lubricating oil pushes the steel ball (207) in the oil passage (201) to move outward, so that the steel ball (207) tightly seals the outer opening of the oil passage (201), thereby blocking the lubricating oil from leaking back through the oil passage (201). c. During the continuous rotation of the shaft and the swing of the bearing pad (2), the cooperation between the clamping block (205) and the inclined surface in the groove (105) guides some of the lubricating oil in the bearing seat (1) to the middle area of ​​the bearing pad (2) along the inclined surface, thereby increasing the amount of lubricating oil accumulated on the outer side of the bearing pad (2). At the same time, the oil guide groove (204) on the outer side of the bearing pad (2) guides the lubricating oil from the outer port of the oil passage (201) to the middle of the bearing pad (2). With the structure of the pressure groove (203) which narrows from the inside to the outside, it generates a convergence and pressure boosting effect on the lubricating oil flowing to both sides of the bearing pad (2), promoting the flow of lubricating oil towards the center of the working area.

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