Heat exchanger for organic chemical waste gas treatment and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic chemical waste gas treatment equipment, in particular to a heat exchanger for organic chemical waste gas treatment and a using method thereof.The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a plurality of heat exchange assemblies are evenly distributed in the shell, and triggering assemblies are arranged on the sides, close to the gas inlet, of the heat exchange assemblies; a changing assembly is arranged in the heat exchange assembly, a matching assembly is arranged on one side of the changing assembly, and an auxiliary assembly is arranged at the side end of the matching assembly. Through the work of the heat exchange assembly and the change assembly, the gas-liquid contact time can be adjusted according to the exhaust emission while the later maintenance is facilitated, so that the convenience and the heat exchange effect are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of organic chemical waste gas treatment equipment, specifically a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In existing waste gas treatment processes, heat exchangers are the core equipment for waste heat recovery and medium regulation. Their operating status directly determines the waste gas treatment efficiency and overall operating cost, making them a key link in the VOCs treatment process in the chemical industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, heat exchangers mostly employ a twisted pipe structure to extend the gas flow path and achieve prolonged contact between exhaust gas and the liquid inside the machine, thereby completing the heat exchange process. However, this structure has significant drawbacks: First, the large amount of dust contained in the exhaust gas easily leaves residues on the inner wall of the twisted pipe, forming scale, making it difficult to thoroughly clean the inside of the pipe during maintenance, resulting in low mechanical maintenance efficiency and inconvenience. Second, when the exhaust gas emission volume increases, it is impossible to flexibly adjust the heat exchange time of the exhaust gas in the shell according to the actual emission volume, which easily leads to uneven gas-liquid contact, resulting in poor heat exchange effect, affecting waste heat recovery efficiency, and increasing operating costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a heat exchanger device that can balance the convenience of later maintenance with the adjustability of heat exchange time, solving the technical problems of low convenience and insufficient heat exchange effect in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas and its method of use, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas includes a heat exchanger shell, an inlet, and an outlet. A plurality of heat exchange components are evenly arranged inside the heat exchanger shell. A triggering component is provided on the side of each heat exchange component near the inlet. A changing component is provided within each heat exchange component. A matching component is provided on one side of each changing component. An auxiliary component is provided on the side end of each matching component.

[0005] Preferably, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange tube fixed inside the heat exchanger shell. The side end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell. A fixed tube is provided at the center of the heat exchange tube. The end of the fixed tube is detachably connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. The fixed tube is made of PTFE fluoroplastic material. Several annular sleeves are provided at equal intervals on the fixed tube. The annular sleeves are embedded in the sliding groove at the side end of the fixed tube by arc-shaped blocks and slide with it. Sealing gaskets are laid on the outer sides of both ends of the annular sleeves and are located in the gap between the annular sleeves and the fixed tube. An inclined main flow divider blade is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed tube near the air inlet.

[0006] Preferably, the triggering component includes an air inlet chamber disposed at the end of the heat exchanger housing, the air inlet chamber being located below the air inlet, and a plurality of funnel-shaped flow guides evenly distributed inside the air inlet chamber, each of the flow guides having its side end connected to the end of a heat exchange tube, the end of the heat exchange tube located inside the flow guide being open.

[0007] Preferably, the variable component includes a control rod located at the center inside the fixed tube. One end of the control rod is located inside the drainage hood and connected to the end of the force-bearing component. The other end of the control rod is located inside the fixed tube and a guide frame is sleeved on its outer side. The guide frame is symmetrically provided with locking blocks on its outer side. The two locking blocks are located in a first annular groove on the inner wall of the fixed tube. The outer side of the locking block is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the first annular groove. A second annular groove is provided on the side of the first annular groove away from the force-bearing component. The first annular groove and the second annular groove are connected by symmetrically arranged connecting grooves. The outer side of the locking block is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the connecting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the control rod has several arc-shaped grooves evenly spaced, each arc-shaped groove corresponding to the position of an arc-shaped block. The end of each arc-shaped groove is connected to a movable groove. A vertically positioned movable rod is located at the end of the movable groove furthest from the arc-shaped groove. The other end of the movable rod is connected to a mating sleeve. The bottom of the movable rod is slidably engaged with both the movable groove and the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove. The mating sleeve is slidably disposed between the control rod and the fixed tube. The outer side of the mating sleeve is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped block. Each annular sleeve has a [missing information - likely a design element]. The sub-diverter blades are arranged at an angle, and the two adjacent ends of every two sub-diverter blades are connected by a flexible connecting arc plate. The two ends of the connecting arc plate are respectively hinged to the two ends of the adjacent sub-diverter blades. The end of the sub-diverter blade closer to the main diverter blade is hinged to the connecting arc plate, and the other end of the connecting arc plate is hinged to the end of the main diverter blade. The main diverter blade, the connecting arc plate and the sub-diverter blades form a continuous spiral flow channel in the heat exchange tube. The side ends of the main diverter blade, the connecting arc plate and the sub-diverter blades slide in fit with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.

[0009] Preferably, the mating assembly includes a bolt rod disposed on one side of the second annular groove, the end of the bolt rod being connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube, the bolt rod being located at the center of the control rod, the control rod having a threaded groove on the side near the bolt rod that mates with it, and a chuck being rotatably connected to the outer side of the control rod away from the air inlet, the side end of the chuck being movably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube via a force spring.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes an expansion cavity opened at the end of the heat exchange tube away from the air inlet, and a plurality of arc-shaped sealing gaskets are provided between the expansion cavity and the interior of the heat exchange tube. The plurality of arc-shaped sealing gaskets are combined to form a circle. The side ends of the arc-shaped sealing gaskets are hinged to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. The bottom of the heat exchange tube is connected to the air outlet through a gas guide pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the method of using the heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: Exhaust gas enters the intake chamber through the intake port, and then is diverted into the heat exchange tube through the funnel-shaped diversion shroud. The gas flows through the spiral flow groove formed by the main diversion blades, secondary diversion blades and connecting arc-shaped plates, causing the gas to change direction multiple times during the flow process, so that the exhaust gas can fully contact the heat exchange liquid inside the shell, thereby achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0013] S2: When the exhaust gas emission increases, the force-bearing component and control rod slide synchronously through the guide frame, thereby driving the locking block to enter the second annular groove from the inside of the first annular groove along the direction of the connecting groove. At this time, the force-bearing spring is compressed by the chuck, and when the moving rod slides along the moving groove to the end of the arc-shaped slide groove, the threaded groove at the end of the control rod is embedded in the end of the crank rod. Under continuous action, the control rod rotates in the chuck. Through the cooperation of the arc-shaped slide groove and the moving rod, several mating sleeves move equidistantly towards the direction of the main diverter blades, and several arc-shaped blocks move synchronously along the direction of the sliding groove outside the fixed pipe. Under the action of the annular sleeves, several secondary diverter blades move towards the direction of the main diverter blades under the action of the connecting arc-shaped plates, forming a spiral flow groove with a denser turning path, and forming multi-angle turning through the connecting arc-shaped plates.

[0014] S3: Simultaneously, during the approach process, the secondary flow divider blades and connecting arc-shaped plates, originally located inside the expansion cavity, are moved to the outside of the expansion cavity through the arc-shaped sealing gasket, extending the overall heat exchange path of the heat exchange component. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged from the outlet through the air guide pipe, realizing the coordinated advancement of waste heat recovery and exhaust gas pretreatment. In later maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the fixed pipe from the heat exchange tube, and then simultaneously disassemble the main flow divider blades, secondary flow divider blades, and connecting arc-shaped plates, so that the dirt inside the component can be thoroughly cleaned from the outside.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] In this invention, exhaust gas enters the heat exchanger housing through the inlet and then flows into the heat exchange component. Through a multi-directional flow design within the component, the exhaust gas and the heat exchange liquid inside the housing are fully contacted, achieving efficient heat exchange. When the exhaust gas emission increases, the trigger component and its cooperating components work together, driving the variable component to start and increasing the directional space within the heat exchange component. This further prolongs the contact time between the exhaust gas and the heat exchange liquid. Simultaneously, the auxiliary components work synchronously, extending the overall heat exchange path of the heat exchange component, ensuring uniform contact between the exhaust gas and the heat exchange liquid, avoiding uneven gas-liquid contact, and guaranteeing stable heat exchange performance. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged through the outlet, achieving synergistic promotion of waste heat recovery and exhaust gas pretreatment. In the later maintenance process, only the internal components of the heat exchanger need to be partially disassembled to thoroughly clean the dirt inside the components from the outside, completely solving the problem of incomplete cleaning of pipe dirt in the existing technology, and greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of mechanical maintenance. Through structural optimization, this device not only solves the pain points of inconvenient maintenance and incomplete cleaning of existing heat exchangers, but also realizes flexible adjustment of exhaust gas heat exchange time, effectively improving the heat exchange effect in the exhaust gas treatment process and reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0017] In this invention, by using heat exchange components and change components in combination, the gas changes direction multiple times during the flow process, so that the exhaust gas can fully contact the heat exchange liquid inside the shell, thereby achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0018] In this invention, by using components such as auxiliary components in combination, the contact time between the exhaust gas and the heat exchange liquid is adjusted according to the exhaust gas emission volume, ensuring that the exhaust gas can contact the heat exchange liquid evenly, avoiding the problem of uneven gas-liquid contact, ensuring stable heat exchange effect, and solving the problem of incomplete cleaning of pipe dirt in the prior art, which greatly improves the efficiency and convenience of mechanical maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger shell in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat exchange component in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing tube in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing tube in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the variable component and the mating component in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary component in this invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Heat exchanger shell; 2. Air inlet; 3. Air outlet; 4. Heat exchange assembly; 41. Heat exchange tube; 42. Fixed tube; 43. Annular sleeve; 44. Arc-shaped block; 45. Sliding groove; 46. Main flow divider blade; 5. Trigger assembly; 51. Air inlet chamber; 52. Flow guide shroud; 6. Variation assembly; 61. Control rod; 62. Force-bearing component; 63. Guide frame; 64. Locking block; 65. First annular groove; 66. Second annular groove; 67. Connecting groove; 68. Arc-shaped sliding groove; 69. Moving groove; 70. Moving rod; 71. Mating sleeve; 72. Secondary flow divider blade; 73. Connecting arc-shaped plate; 74. Spiral flow groove; 8. Mating assembly; 81. Rifling rod; 82. Threaded groove; 83. Chuck; 84. Force-bearing spring; 9. Auxiliary assembly; 91. Expansion chamber; 92. Arc-shaped sealing gasket; 93. Air guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas, comprising a heat exchanger shell 1, an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3, wherein a plurality of heat exchange components 4 are evenly arranged inside the heat exchanger shell 1, a triggering component 5 is provided on the side of the plurality of heat exchange components 4 near the air inlet 2, a changing component 6 is provided inside the heat exchange components 4, a matching component 8 is provided on one side of the changing component 6, and an auxiliary component 9 is provided on the side end of the matching component 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the heat exchange assembly 4 includes a heat exchange tube 41 fixed inside the heat exchanger housing 1. The side end of the heat exchange tube 41 is connected to the inner wall of the heat exchanger housing 1. A fixed tube 42 is provided at the center of the heat exchange tube 41. The end of the fixed tube 42 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 41. The fixed tube 42 is made of PTFE fluoroplastic material. Several annular sleeves 43 are provided at equal intervals on the fixed tube 42. The annular sleeves 43 are embedded in the sliding grooves 45 at the side end of the fixed tube 42 through arc-shaped blocks 44 and slide with them. Sealing gaskets are laid on the outer sides of both ends of the annular sleeves 43 and are located in the gap between the annular sleeves 43 and the fixed tube 42. An inclined main flow divider blade 46 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed tube 42 near the air inlet 2.

[0032] The triggering component 5 includes an air inlet chamber 51 disposed at the end of the heat exchanger housing 1. The air inlet chamber 51 is located below the air inlet 2. Several trumpet-shaped flow guides 52 are evenly distributed inside the air inlet chamber 51. The side end of each flow guide 52 is connected to the end of a heat exchange tube 41. The end of the heat exchange tube 41 located inside the flow guide 52 is open.

[0033] The variable component 6 includes a control rod 61 located at the center inside the fixed tube 42. One end of the control rod 61 is located inside the drainage cover 52 and connected to the end of the force-bearing component 62. The other end of the control rod 61 is located inside the fixed tube 42 and a guide frame 63 is sleeved on its outer side. The guide frame 63 is symmetrically provided with locking blocks 64 on its outer side. The two locking blocks 64 are located in the first annular groove 65 on the inner wall of the fixed tube 42. The outer side of the locking block 64 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the first annular groove 65. The first annular groove 65 is provided with a second annular groove 66 on the side away from the force-bearing component 62. The first annular groove 65 and the second annular groove 66 are connected by a symmetrically arranged connecting groove 67. The outer side of the locking block 64 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the connecting groove 67.

[0034] The control rod 61 has several arc-shaped grooves 68 evenly spaced, each corresponding to an arc-shaped block 44. The end of each arc-shaped groove 68 is connected to a movable groove 69. A vertically positioned movable rod 70 is located at the end of the movable groove 69 away from the arc-shaped groove 68. The other end of the movable rod 70 is connected to a fitting sleeve 71. The bottom of the movable rod 70 is slidably engaged with both the inner walls of the movable groove 69 and the arc-shaped groove 68. The fitting sleeve 71 is slidably positioned between the control rod 61 and the fixed tube 42. The outer side of the fitting sleeve 71 is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped block 44. Each annular sleeve 43 has an inclined... The obliquely arranged sub-diverter blades 72 are connected at both ends of each pair of adjacent sub-diverter blades 72 by a flexible connecting arc plate 73. The two ends of the connecting arc plate 73 are respectively hinged to the two ends of the adjacent sub-diverter blades 72. The end of the sub-diverter blade 72 closer to the main diverter blade 46 is hinged to the connecting arc plate 73. The other end of the connecting arc plate 73 is hinged to the end of the main diverter blade 46. The main diverter blade 46, the connecting arc plate 73 and the sub-diverter blades 72 form a continuous spiral flow groove 74 in the heat exchange tube 41. The side ends of the main diverter blade 46, the connecting arc plate 73 and the sub-diverter blades 72 slide in contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 41.

[0035] The exhaust gas enters the intake chamber 51 through the intake port 2, and then is diverted into the heat exchange tube 41 through the funnel-shaped diversion shroud 52. The gas flows through the spiral flow groove 74 formed by the main diversion blade 46, the secondary diversion blade 72 and the connecting arc-shaped plate 73, causing the gas to change direction multiple times during the flow process, so that the exhaust gas can fully contact the heat exchange liquid inside the shell, thereby achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the mating assembly 8 includes a bolt 81 disposed on one side of the second annular groove 66. The end of the bolt 81 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube 42. The bolt 81 is located at the center of the control rod 61. The control rod 61 has a threaded groove 82 that mates with the bolt 81 on the side near the control rod 61. A chuck 83 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the control rod 61 away from the air inlet 2. The side end of the chuck 83 is movably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube 42 through a force spring 84.

[0037] The auxiliary component 9 includes an expansion cavity 91 opened at the end of the heat exchange tube 41 away from the air inlet 2. A plurality of arc-shaped sealing gaskets 92 are provided between the expansion cavity 91 and the interior of the heat exchange tube 41. The plurality of arc-shaped sealing gaskets 92 are combined into a circle. The side ends of the arc-shaped sealing gaskets 92 are hinged to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 41. The bottom of the heat exchange tube 41 is connected to the air outlet 3 through the air guide pipe 93.

[0038] When the exhaust gas emission increases, the force-bearing component 62 and the control rod 61 slide synchronously through the guide frame 63, thereby driving the locking block 64 from inside the first annular groove 65 into the second annular groove 66 along the direction of the connecting groove 67. At this time, the force-bearing spring 84 is compressed by the chuck 83, and when the moving rod 70 slides along the moving groove 69 to the end of the arc-shaped slide groove 68, the threaded groove 82 at the end of the control rod 61 is engaged with the end of the crank rod 81. Under continuous action, the control rod 61 rotates in the chuck 83. Through the cooperation of the arc-shaped slide groove 68 and the moving rod 70, several mating sleeves 71 move equidistantly towards the direction of the main diverter blade 46, causing several arc-shaped blocks 44 to move synchronously along the direction of the sliding groove 45 outside the fixed pipe 42. Under the action of the annular sleeve 43, several secondary diverter blades 72 move towards the direction of the main diverter blade 46 under the action of the connecting arc-shaped plate 73, forming a spiral flow with a denser turning path. The heat exchanger 74 is connected to the arc-shaped plate 73 to form a multi-angle deflection, thereby extending the contact time between the exhaust gas and the heat exchange liquid. At the same time, during the approach process, the secondary diversion blade 72 and the connecting arc-shaped plate 73, which were originally located inside the expansion cavity 91, are moved to the outside of the expansion cavity 91 through the arc-shaped sealing gasket 92, extending the overall heat exchange path of the heat exchange component 4. This ensures that the exhaust gas can contact the heat exchange liquid evenly, avoids the problem of uneven gas-liquid contact, and ensures stable heat exchange effect. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged from the outlet 3 through the air guide pipe 93, realizing the coordinated promotion of waste heat recovery and exhaust gas pretreatment. In the later maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the fixed pipe 42 from the heat exchange pipe 41, and then simultaneously remove the main diversion blade 46, the secondary diversion blade 72 and the connecting arc-shaped plate 73. This allows for a comprehensive cleaning of the dirt inside the component from the outside, completely solving the problem of incomplete cleaning of pipe dirt in the existing technology, and greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of mechanical maintenance.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a method of using a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: Exhaust gas enters the intake chamber 51 through the intake port 2, and then is diverted into the heat exchange tube 41 through the funnel-shaped diversion shroud 52. The gas changes direction multiple times during the flow process through the spiral flow groove 74 formed by the main diversion blade 46, the secondary diversion blade 72 and the connecting arc plate 73.

[0041] S2: When the exhaust gas emission increases, the force-bearing component 62 and the control rod 61 slide synchronously through the guide frame 63, thereby driving the locking block 64 from inside the first annular groove 65 into the second annular groove 66 along the direction of the connecting groove 67. At this time, the force-bearing spring 84 is compressed by the chuck 83, and when the moving rod 70 slides along the moving groove 69 to the end of the arc-shaped slide groove 68, the threaded groove 82 at the end of the control rod 61 is engaged with the end of the crank rod 81, and under continuous action, the control rod 61 is held within the chuck 83. The rotation, through the cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding groove 68 and the moving rod 70, drives several mating sleeves 71 to move equidistantly towards the main diverter blade 46, causing several arc-shaped blocks 44 to move synchronously along the direction of the sliding groove 45 outside the fixed tube 42. Under the action of the annular sleeve 43, it drives several secondary diverter blades 72 to move closer to the main diverter blade 46 under the action of the connecting arc-shaped plate 73, forming a spiral flow groove 74 with a denser turning path, and forming multi-angle turning through the connecting arc-shaped plate 73;

[0042] S3: During the approach process, the secondary flow divider blades 72 and connecting arc-shaped plates 73, which were originally located inside the expansion cavity 91, are moved to the outside of the expansion cavity 91 through the arc-shaped sealing gasket 92, extending the overall heat exchange path of the heat exchange component 4. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged from the outlet 3 through the air guide pipe 93, realizing the coordinated promotion of waste heat recovery and exhaust gas pretreatment. In the later maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the fixed pipe 42 from the heat exchange pipe 41, and then simultaneously disassemble the main flow divider blades 46, the secondary flow divider blades 72 and the connecting arc-shaped plates 73, so that the dirt inside the component can be thoroughly cleaned from the outside.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas, comprising a heat exchanger shell (1), an inlet (2) and an outlet (3); Its features are: The heat exchanger housing (1) is evenly provided with a number of heat exchange components (4). A trigger component (5) is provided on the side of the heat exchange components (4) near the air inlet (2). A change component (6) is provided in the heat exchange components (4). A matching component (8) is provided on one side of the change component (6). An auxiliary component (9) is provided on the side end of the matching component (8).

2. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (4) includes heat exchange tubes (41) fixed inside the heat exchanger housing (1). The heat exchange tube (41) is connected to the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell (1) at its side end, and a fixed tube (42) is provided at the center of the heat exchange tube (41). The end of the fixed tube (42) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (41); The fixing tube (42) is made of PTFE fluoroplastic material, and a number of annular sleeves (43) are provided on the fixing tube (42) at equal intervals. The annular sleeve (43) is embedded in the sliding groove (45) at the side end of the fixed tube (42) through the arc block (44) and slides in cooperation with it; The outer sides of both ends of the annular sleeve (43) are covered with sealing gaskets and located in the gap between the annular sleeve (43) and the fixed tube (42); The fixed tube (42) is fixedly connected to the inclined main flow divider blade (46) on the outer side of the side near the air inlet (2).

3. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The triggering component (5) includes an air inlet chamber (51) disposed at the end of the heat exchanger housing (1). The air intake chamber (51) is located below the air inlet (2), and a number of trumpet-shaped ducts (52) are evenly distributed inside the air intake chamber (51). Each of the drainage hoods (52) is connected to the end of a heat exchange tube (41) at its side end; The end of the heat exchange tube (41) located inside the shroud (52) is open.

4. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The variable component (6) includes a control rod (61) located at the center inside the fixed tube (42); One end of the control rod (61) is located inside the drainage cover (52) and connected to the end of the force-bearing component (62); The other end of the control rod (61) is located inside the fixed tube (42) and a guide frame (63) is sleeved on the outside. The guide frame (63) is symmetrically provided with locking blocks (64) on the outside. The two locking blocks (64) are located in the first annular groove (65) on the inner wall of the fixed tube (42); The outer side of the locking block (64) is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the first annular groove (65), and a second annular groove (66) is provided on the side of the first annular groove (65) away from the force-bearing member (62). The first annular groove (65) and the second annular groove (66) are connected by symmetrically arranged connecting grooves (67); The outer side of the locking block (64) slides in contact with the inner wall of the connecting groove (67).

5. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control lever (61) has several arc-shaped grooves (68) evenly spaced on it, and the position of each arc-shaped groove (68) corresponds to the position of an arc-shaped block (44); The end of the arc-shaped chute (68) is connected to the movable groove (69). The movable groove (69) is provided with a vertically arranged movable rod (70) at the end away from the arc-shaped slide groove (68). The other end of the moving rod (70) is connected to the mating sleeve (71); The bottom of the moving rod (70) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the moving groove (69) and the arc-shaped sliding groove (68); The fitting sleeve (71) is slidably disposed between the control rod (61) and the fixed tube (42); The outer side of the fitting sleeve (71) is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped block (44); Each of the annular sleeves (43) has an inclined sub-diverter blade (72) on its outer side. The two adjacent ends of each pair of sub-diverter blades (72) are connected by a flexibly arranged connecting arc-shaped piece (73); The two ends of the connecting arc-shaped piece (73) are respectively hinged to the two ends of the adjacent sub-diverter blade (72); The end of the secondary splitter blade (72) near the main splitter blade (46) is hinged with a connecting arc plate (73), and the other end of the connecting arc plate (73) is hinged to the end of the main splitter blade (46). The main flow divider blade (46), the connecting arc blade (73), and the secondary flow divider blade (72) form a continuous spiral flow channel (74) in the heat exchange tube (41). The side ends of the main flow divider blade (46), the connecting arc blade (73), and the secondary flow divider blade (72) are in sliding fit with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (41).

6. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mating assembly (8) includes a rake (81) disposed on one side of the second annular groove (66); The end of the rake (81) is connected to the inner wall of the fixing tube (42); The lever (81) is located at the center of the control lever (61); The control lever (61) has a threaded groove (82) on the side near the crank (81) that matches it. A chuck (83) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the control lever (61) away from the air inlet (2). The side end of the chuck (83) is movably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube (42) via a force spring (84).

7. A heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (9) includes an expansion cavity (91) opened at the end of the heat exchange tube (41) away from the air inlet (2). Several arc-shaped sealing gaskets (92) are provided between the expansion cavity (91) and the interior of the heat exchange tube (41). Several of the aforementioned arc-shaped sealing gaskets (92) are combined to form a circle; The side end of the arc-shaped sealing gasket (92) is hinged to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (41); The bottom of the heat exchange tube (41) is connected to the air outlet (3) through the air guide tube (93).

8. A method of using a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas, comprising using a heat exchanger for treating organic chemical waste gas as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Exhaust gas enters the intake chamber (51) through the intake port (2), and then is diverted into the heat exchange tube (41) through the funnel-shaped diversion shroud (52). The gas changes direction multiple times during the flow process through the spiral flow groove (74) formed by the main diversion blade (46), the secondary diversion blade (72) and the connecting arc plate (73). S2: When the exhaust gas emission increases, the force-bearing component (62) and the control rod (61) slide synchronously through the guide frame (63), thereby driving the locking block (64) to enter the second annular groove (66) from inside the first annular groove (65) along the direction of the connecting groove (67). At this time, the force-bearing spring (84) is compressed by the chuck (83), and when the moving rod (70) slides along the moving groove (69) to the end of the arc-shaped slide groove (68), the threaded groove (82) at the end of the control rod (61) is embedded in the end of the crank rod (81), and under continuous action, the control rod (61) is in the chuck ( 83) Rotate internally, and drive several mating sleeves (71) to move at equal distances in the direction of the main flow divider (46) through the cooperation of the arc-shaped slide groove (68) and the moving rod (70), so that several arc-shaped blocks (44) move synchronously on the outside of the fixed tube (42) along the direction of the sliding groove (45), and drive several secondary flow divider blades (72) to move towards the direction of the main flow divider (46) under the action of the annular sleeve (43), forming a spiral flow groove (74) with a denser turning path, and forming multi-angle turning through the connecting arc-shaped plate (73); S3: During the approach process, the secondary diversion blades (72) and connecting arc plates (73) originally located inside the expansion cavity (91) are moved to the outside of the expansion cavity (91) through the arc sealing gasket (92), extending the overall heat exchange path of the heat exchange component (4). After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged from the outlet (3) through the air guide pipe (93), realizing the coordinated promotion of waste heat recovery and exhaust gas pretreatment. In the later maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the fixed pipe (42) from the heat exchange pipe (41), and then simultaneously disassemble the main diversion blades (46), secondary diversion blades (72) and connecting arc plates (73) to thoroughly clean the dirt inside the component from the outside.

Images