Energy-saving flow adaptive nozzle of cross-flow cooling tower

Abstract

The application discloses a cross-flow cooling tower energy-saving type flow self-adapting nozzle and relates to the technical field of cross-flow cooling tower nozzles. The nozzle comprises a self-adapting nozzle assembly and a filtering assembly, wherein the self-adapting nozzle assembly comprises a water guide pipe, a V-shaped water inlet, a lower circular seat, an upper circular seat, a vortex-shaped plug-in slot and a backwashing unit. The filtering assembly can filter the water flow entering the V-shaped water inlet, which can effectively avoid the V-shaped water inlet from being blocked by impurities. Meanwhile, the structure of the conical spiral guide pipe enables the backwashing water to form a downward spiral water flow, which impacts the metal filter screen from inside to outside. The tangential shear force generated by the rotating water flow can effectively strip off the soft impurities such as mud and algae adhered to the surface of the metal filter screen, so that the metal filter screen can maintain a long-time high-efficiency filtering state, and the water inflow is prevented from being reduced due to the filter screen blockage, thereby improving the sustained working capacity of the cross-flow cooling tower as a whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crossflow cooling tower nozzle technology, specifically an energy-saving flow adaptive nozzle for crossflow cooling towers. Background Technology

[0002] In existing crossflow cooling tower applications, energy-saving adaptive flow nozzles have become the core actuators of the water distribution system. Currently, there are two main types of adaptive flow nozzles commonly used in cooling towers: one is the multi-stage inlet control type, which, based on the logic of water level, opens multiple inlets at different heights of the nozzle. By automatically switching the inlet path, it precisely controls the amount of water entering the nozzle, solving the problem of insufficient water flow to the end nozzles at low water levels; the other is the opening-gradient flow channel type, which relies on geometric throttling, such as opening vertical strip-shaped openings extending along the height direction on the side wall, or setting V-shaped inlets on the water guide. As the water level or pressure changes, the actual cross-sectional area through which the water flows automatically changes, thereby regulating the flow rate. This type of structure requires no external power and is entirely hydraulically driven, making it the absolute mainstream in current cooling tower retrofitting and applications.

[0003] However, in actual long-term operation, circulating hot water inevitably contains fine impurities such as microbial slime, silt, and algae. These impurities tend to gradually deposit at the V-shaped inlet or narrow flow channel of the nozzle, reducing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet and, in severe cases, completely clogging it. Although the existing nozzle structures have achieved hydraulically driven adaptive flow regulation, they generally lack effective interception and online cleaning mechanisms for inlet impurities. Once the inlet becomes clogged, the actual water output and water distribution uniformity of the nozzle will decrease significantly, affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the packing area, increasing the energy consumption of the fan and pump, and even forcing the cooling tower to shut down for manual cleaning or nozzle replacement. Therefore, how to effectively solve the problems of inlet impurity deposition and clogging while maintaining adaptive flow regulation capability, and how to achieve convenient maintenance and long-term operation of the filter structure, are urgent technical challenges to be solved in the field of crossflow cooling tower nozzle technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving, flow-adaptive nozzle for crossflow cooling towers in order to solve the problems mentioned above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving adaptive flow nozzle for a crossflow cooling tower, comprising an adaptive nozzle assembly consisting of a water guide pipe, a V-shaped water inlet, a lower circular seat, a connecting frame, a first sputtering ring, a second sputtering base, and elastic clips. The V-shaped water inlet is symmetrically located on both sides of the outer wall of the water guide pipe. The lower circular seat is fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe and distributed below the V-shaped water inlet. The connecting frame is symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the water guide pipe. The first sputtering ring is fixed between the two connecting frames, and the second sputtering base is fixed to the two connecting frames. At the bottom of the frame, multiple elastic buckles are provided. These elastic buckles are arranged in a ring and fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe and located below the lower circular seat. The water guide pipe is inserted into the mounting hole on the water distribution basin and installed by engaging with the lower surface of the water distribution basin through the elastic buckles. An upper circular seat is fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe above the V-shaped water inlet. The upper surface of the lower circular seat and the lower surface of the upper circular seat are symmetrically provided with vortex-shaped insertion grooves. Filter components are installed on the lower circular seat and the upper circular seat through the vortex-shaped insertion grooves. The filter components are used to filter the water flow entering the V-shaped water inlet.

[0006] The filter assembly includes a metal filter screen and sealing rubber strips. The metal filter screen is inserted into the vortex insertion slot through the notch and rolled into a cylindrical shape along the vortex insertion slot. The cylindrical metal filter screen wraps around the water guide pipe to filter the water flowing into the V-shaped inlet. Two sealing rubber strips are provided, which are respectively fixed to the inner and outer sides of the two ends of the metal filter screen. The two sealing rubber strips are in close contact with each other, and their upper and lower ends are in close contact with the lower surface of the upper circular seat and the upper surface of the lower circular seat to ensure a good seal at the cylindrical joint of the metal filter screen. A clamping assembly is provided between the upper and lower circular seats at the opening of the vortex insertion slot. The clamping assembly is used to limit the installation of the filter assembly. A backwashing unit is also provided at the top of the upper circular seat, penetrating the upper circular seat to the inside of the cylindrical metal filter screen. The backwashing unit is used to achieve reverse flushing of the metal filter screen by water flow impact.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the backwashing unit includes a conical spiral conduit, a diversion pipe, a diversion chamber, and a connecting pipe; the conical spiral conduit extends from the top of the upper circular seat to below the bottom of the upper circular seat, and the conical spiral conduit extends outward from top to bottom; the bottom port of the conical spiral conduit is located inside the cylindrical metal filter screen and is tilted downward and aligned with the side of the metal filter screen; the diversion pipe is fixed to the top of the conical spiral conduit and extends upward and connects and communicates with the diversion chamber; the connecting pipe is fixed at the center of the top of the diversion chamber and communicates with the diversion chamber; the connecting pipe is used to communicate with the backwashing pipeline; the backwashing water is spirally transported downward through the channel formed by the connecting pipe, the diversion chamber, the diversion pipe, and the conical spiral conduit and impacts the metal filter screen to realize the backwashing operation of the metal filter screen.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: multiple conical spiral conduits and diversion tubes are arranged along the circumferential direction and are paired up to form a group, and the bottom height of the multiple groups of conical spiral conduits decreases sequentially.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber is provided with multiple diversion ports that are connected to the diversion pipes, a central cone is fixed at the center of the bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber, and multiple water-dividing baffles are fixed between the outer side of the central cone and the side of the inner wall of the diversion chamber, and the multiple water-dividing baffles and multiple diversion ports are distributed alternately.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the clamping assembly includes a rotating shaft, an arc-shaped arm, and a vertical clamping member; the rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the upper and lower circular seats and is close to the opening of the vortex-shaped insertion slot; the arc-shaped arm is symmetrically fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft; the vertical clamping member is fixed to the side of the arc-shaped arm away from the rotating shaft; the vertical clamping member rotates around the rotating shaft and clamps against the side of a sealing rubber strip to achieve the installation limit of the metal filter screen.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a concave groove is formed on the side of the two sealing rubber strips that are far apart from each other, and the vertical clamping member is engaged with the inside of the concave groove.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the outer side of the vertical clamping member is formed with an outwardly protruding "T"-shaped handle portion.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] Firstly, this invention, through the collaborative design of the adaptive nozzle assembly and filter assembly, not only achieves effective filtration of the water flow entering the V-shaped inlet, preventing impurities from clogging the inlet, but more importantly, the conical spiral conduit in the backwash unit can transform the backwash water into a downward spiral flow that impacts the metal filter screen from the inside out. The tangential shearing force generated by this rotating water flow, compared to traditional direct-flow flushing methods, can more efficiently remove soft impurities such as slime and algae adhering to the filter screen surface, significantly reducing cleaning dead zones and ensuring the metal filter screen maintains a high-efficiency filtration state for a long time. This continuously ensures stable water flow and improves the overall operational reliability and continuous working capacity of the crossflow cooling tower.

[0015] Secondly, this invention utilizes multiple sets of tapered spiral guide tubes with progressively decreasing bottom heights. Combined with the downward flow characteristics of water due to gravity, this achieves vertical, segmented cleaning of the metal filter screen from top to bottom, effectively avoiding cleaning blind spots caused by the height of the filter screen. Simultaneously, the two tapered spiral guide tubes within each set are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees and rotate in opposite directions, causing the two jets of spiral water to form a closed vortex ring inside the filter screen, ensuring uniform scouring of the filter screen's circumference. This three-dimensional, segmented cleaning strategy significantly improves the uniformity of backwash coverage and the efficiency of impurity removal, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies such as incomplete filter screen cleaning and the tendency for localized residues or blockages.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention employs an installation method that combines a vortex-shaped insertion slot with a clamping assembly. The metal filter screen can be inserted along the vortex-shaped insertion slot and rolled into a cylindrical shape. It can be quickly locked or disassembled by rotating the handle on the outside of the vertical clamping component, eliminating the need for any tools and significantly simplifying the installation, replacement, and maintenance process of the filter screen. The symmetrically formed concave groove structure on the two sealing rubber strips provides clear guidance for the metal filter screen during installation, while the symmetrical design of the concave grooves further reduces the difficulty of on-site operation and the risk of misinstallation. This convenient maintenance design effectively reduces cooling tower downtime for maintenance and lowers labor costs.

[0017] In summary, this invention, based on achieving adaptive flow regulation, comprehensively improves the nozzle's anti-clogging ability, cleaning uniformity, and ease of operation and maintenance by optimizing the filter structure, backwashing mechanism, and installation and maintenance methods. It has significant advantages in energy saving, efficiency improvement, and long-term stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly in the open state of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the filter component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the clamping component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the elastic buckle on the adaptive nozzle assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the diversion chamber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution structure of the filter assembly and the clamping assembly in the installed state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal filter screen and sealing rubber strip of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Adaptive nozzle assembly; 101. Water guide pipe; 102. V-shaped water inlet; 103. Lower round seat; 104. Connecting frame; 105. First sputtering ring; 106. Second sputtering base; 107. Elastic buckle; 108. Upper round seat; 109. Vortex insert groove; 110. Conical spiral guide tube; 111. Diverter pipe; 112. Diverter chamber; 113. Connecting pipe; 114. Central cone; 115. Water divider plate; 116. Diverter port; 2. Filter assembly; 201. Metal filter screen; 202. Sealing rubber strip; 203. Concave groove; 3. Clamping assembly; 301. Rotating shaft; 302. Arc arm; 303. Vertical clamping component. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set up" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the invention based on its overall structure.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 10 In this embodiment of the invention, an energy-saving flow adaptive nozzle for a crossflow cooling tower includes an adaptive nozzle assembly 1 composed of a water guide pipe 101, a V-shaped inlet 102, a lower circular seat 103, a connecting frame 104, a first sputtering ring 105, a second sputtering base 106, and an elastic buckle 107. The V-shaped inlet 102 is symmetrically opened on both sides of the outer wall of the water guide pipe 101. The lower circular seat 103 is fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe 101 and distributed below the V-shaped inlet 102. The connecting frame 104 is symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the water guide pipe 101. The first sputtering ring 105 is fixed between the two connecting frames 104, and the second sputtering base 106 is fixed between the two connecting frames 104. At the bottom, multiple elastic clips 107 are provided, arranged in a ring and fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe 101 and located below the lower circular seat 103. The water guide pipe 101 is inserted into the mounting hole on the water distribution basin and installed by the elastic clips 107 engaging with the lower surface of the water distribution basin. An upper circular seat 108 is fixed above the V-shaped water inlet 102 on the outside of the water guide pipe 101. The upper surface of the lower circular seat 103 and the lower surface of the upper circular seat 108 are symmetrically provided with vortex-shaped insertion grooves 109. A filter assembly 2 is installed on the lower circular seat 103 and the upper circular seat 108 through the vortex-shaped insertion grooves 109. The filter assembly 2 is used to filter the water flowing into the V-shaped water inlet 102. It should be noted that the vortex-shaped insertion groove 109 is a nearly circular spiral groove with parallel sections at both ends that are close to each other.

[0032] The filter assembly 2 includes a metal filter screen 201 and sealing rubber strips 202. The metal filter screen 201 is inserted into the vortex insertion groove 109 through the notch and rolled into a cylindrical shape along the vortex insertion groove 109. The cylindrical metal filter screen 201 wraps around the water guide pipe 101 to filter the water flowing into the V-shaped inlet 102. Two sealing rubber strips 202 are provided, and the two sealing rubber strips 202 are respectively fixed to the inner and outer sides of the two ends of the metal filter screen 201, and the two sealing rubber strips 202 fit together. The upper and lower ends of the sealing rubber strip 202 are in contact with the lower surface of the upper round seat 108 and the upper surface of the lower round seat 103 to ensure a good seal at the cylindrical splice of the metal filter screen 201. A clamping component 3 is provided at the opening of the vortex insertion groove 109 between the upper round seat 108 and the lower round seat 103. The clamping component 3 is used to limit the installation of the filter component 2. A backwashing unit is also provided at the top of the upper round seat 108, which extends through the upper round seat 108 to the inside of the cylindrical metal filter screen 201. The backwashing unit is used to achieve reverse rinsing of the metal filter screen 201 by water flow impact.

[0033] The backwashing unit includes a conical spiral conduit 110, a diversion pipe 111, a diversion chamber 112, and a connecting pipe 113. The conical spiral conduit 110 extends from the top of the upper circular seat 108 to below the bottom of the upper circular seat 108. The conical spiral conduit 110 expands outward from top to bottom. The bottom port of the conical spiral conduit 110 is located inside the cylindrical metal filter screen 201 and is tilted downward to align with the side of the metal filter screen 201. The diversion pipe 111 is fixed to the top of the conical spiral conduit 110 and extends upward to connect with the diversion chamber 112. The connecting pipe 113 is fixed at the top center of the diversion chamber 112 and connects with the diversion chamber 112. The connecting pipe 113 is used to connect with the backwashing pipeline. Backwash water is spirally transported downward through the channel formed by the connecting pipe 113, the diversion chamber 112, the diversion pipe 111, and the conical spiral conduit 110 and impacts the metal filter screen 201 to achieve the backwashing operation of the metal filter screen 201.

[0034] Multiple tapered spiral conduits 110 and shunt tubes 111 are arranged along the circumference and are paired up as a group, with the bottom height of the multiple groups of tapered spiral conduits 110 decreasing sequentially.

[0035] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the first sputtering ring 105, the second sputtering base 106, and the elastic buckle 107 are all conventional structures of adaptive nozzles commonly used in crossflow cooling towers on the market. During installation, the adaptive nozzle assembly 1 is inserted into the mounting hole on the water distribution basin of the crossflow cooling tower through the bottom of the nozzle 101. The elastic buckle 107 contacts and squeezes the mounting hole and deforms and contracts. After the elastic buckle 107 completely passes through the mounting hole, it resets under its own elastic force. The installation is achieved by the elastic buckle 107 engaging with the lower surface of the water distribution basin. In daily use, a V-shaped water inlet 102 is provided on the nozzle 101. As the water level or pressure changes, the actual cross-sectional area through which the water flows will automatically change, thereby adjusting the flow rate. At the same time, the water entering the V-shaped water inlet 102 can be pre-filtered by the cylindrical metal filter screen 201 to intercept impurities, thus effectively preventing impurities from clogging the V-shaped water inlet 2.

[0036] Meanwhile, the metal filter screen 201 can be backwashed periodically: the top of the connecting pipe 113 is connected to the backwash pipeline. By starting the water pump on the backwash pipeline, the backwash water enters the distribution chamber 112 through the connecting pipe 113, and then is distributed to the interior of each distribution pipe 111. Afterward, it is spirally transported downward along the conical spiral guide tube 110 to the inside of the cylindrical metal filter screen 201. At this time, the downward-spraying spiral water jet impacts the metal filter screen 201 from the inside out, causing the impurities attached to the surface of the metal filter screen 201 to be impacted and fall off. Multiple downward-spraying spiral water jets create vortices in the water flow near the metal filter screen 201. The vortices generate tangential shearing force on the surface of the metal filter screen 201, causing the impurities on the entire surface of the metal filter screen 201 to be washed away and peeled off, effectively avoiding the occurrence of cleaning dead corners. Through the backwashing operation of the metal filter screen 201, the metal filter screen 201 can maintain a long-term high-efficiency filtration effect, effectively improving the continuous working capacity of the crossflow cooling tower.

[0037] Additionally, it should be noted that the structure of multiple sets of conical spiral guide tubes 110 with different outlet heights is used. The set of conical spiral guide tubes 110 with higher outlets mainly cleans the upper part of the metal filter screen 201, while the set of conical spiral guide tubes 110 with lower outlets mainly cleans the lower part of the metal filter screen 201 (more sets can be used as needed, such as the first set cleaning the upper part, the second set cleaning the middle part, and the third set cleaning the lower part). Combined with the downward flow of water due to its own gravity, this ensures that the metal filter screen 201 is thoroughly cleaned vertically without any dead angles. The two outlets of each set of conical spiral guide tubes 110 are 180° symmetrical and rotate in opposite directions, so that the spiral water flow from the same set of conical spiral guide tubes 110 forms a closed vortex ring, ensuring thorough cleaning in the circumferential direction without any dead angles.

[0038] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 7The bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber 112 is provided with multiple diversion ports 116 that are connected to each other by diversion pipes 111. A central cone 114 is fixed at the center of the bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber 112. Multiple water-dividing baffles 115 are fixed between the outer side of the central cone 114 and the side of the inner wall of the diversion chamber 112. The multiple water-dividing baffles 115 and the multiple diversion ports 116 are distributed alternately.

[0039] In this embodiment: after the backwash water enters the diversion chamber 112 through the connecting pipe 113, it first impacts the central cone 114 and is then evenly dispersed to the surrounding area through the cone surface; multiple water-dividing baffles 115 in the diversion chamber 112 divide the space inside the chamber into multiple independent flow channels, so that the water flows to the corresponding diversion port 116 respectively; through the staggered distribution design of the water-dividing baffles 115 and the diversion ports 116, the water flow is prevented from generating eddies or deflection in the chamber, ensuring that the water volume entering each diversion pipe 111 and the conical spiral conduit 110 is uniform and the pressure is stable, thereby achieving balanced water supply to all conical spiral conduits 110.

[0040] Please refer to this carefully. Figures 1 to 4 as well as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The clamping assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 301, an arc-shaped arm 302, and a vertical clamping member 303. The rotating shaft 301 is rotatably connected between the upper round seat 108 and the lower round seat 103, and is close to the opening of the vortex insertion groove 109. The arc-shaped arm 302 is symmetrically fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft 301. The vertical clamping member 303 is fixed to the side of the arc-shaped arm 302 away from the rotating shaft 301. The vertical clamping member 303 rotates around the rotating shaft 301 and clamps the side of a sealing rubber strip 202 to achieve the installation limit of the metal filter screen 201. A concave groove 203 is formed on the side of the two sealing rubber strips 202 that are far apart from each other. The vertical clamping member 303 is engaged with the inside of the concave groove 203. A handle portion with an outwardly protruding cross-section in the shape of a "T" is formed on the outside of the vertical clamping member 303.

[0041] In this embodiment: after the metal filter screen 201 is inserted into the vortex insertion slot 108, the handle is rotated to make the arc arm 302 and the vertical clamping member 303 rotate around the pivot 301, causing the vertical clamping member 303 to swing towards the sealing rubber strip 202. The vertical clamping member 303 rotates around the pivot 301 and presses into the concave groove 203 on the side of the sealing rubber strip 202, forming a lateral clamping and limiting on the splicing end of the metal filter screen 201. This structure achieves quick locking through a snap-fit ​​method, which can prevent the metal filter screen 201 from loosening and facilitates quick disassembly after rotating the handle in the opposite direction, simplifying the installation and maintenance process of the metal filter screen 201.

[0042] It should also be noted that the structure with concave grooves 203 formed on the opposite sides of the two sealing rubber strips 202 provides clear guidance during the installation of the metal filter screen 201. However, the symmetrical design of the concave grooves 203 reduces the risk of misinstallation.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving adaptive flow nozzle for crossflow cooling towers, characterized in that, The adaptive nozzle assembly (1) comprises a water guide pipe (101), a V-shaped water inlet (102), a lower circular seat (103), a connecting frame (104), a first sputtering ring disk (105), a second sputtering base (106), and an elastic buckle (107). The V-shaped water inlet (102) is symmetrically located on both sides of the outer wall of the water guide pipe (101). The lower circular seat (103) is fixed to the outside of the water guide pipe (101) and distributed below the V-shaped water inlet (102). The connecting frame (104) is symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the water guide pipe (101). The first sputtering ring disk (105) is fixed between the two connecting frames (104). The second sputtering base (106) is fixed to the... At the bottom of the two connecting brackets (104), multiple elastic buckles (107) are provided. The multiple elastic buckles (107) are arranged in a ring and fixed on the outside of the water guide pipe (101) and below the lower round seat (103). The outside of the water guide pipe (101) is fixed above the V-shaped water inlet (102) with an upper round seat (108). The upper surface of the lower round seat (103) and the lower surface of the upper round seat (108) are symmetrically provided with vortex-shaped insertion grooves (109). The lower round seat (103) and the upper round seat (108) are equipped with filter components (2) through the vortex-shaped insertion grooves (109). The filter components (2) are used to filter the water flow entering the V-shaped water inlet (102). The filter assembly (2) includes a metal filter screen (201) and sealing rubber strips (202). The metal filter screen (201) is inserted into the vortex insertion groove (109) through the notch and rolled into a cylindrical shape along the vortex insertion groove (109). The cylindrical metal filter screen (201) wraps around the water guide pipe (101) to filter the water flow entering the V-shaped inlet (102). Two sealing rubber strips (202) are provided. The two sealing rubber strips (202) are respectively fixed to the inner and outer sides of the two ends of the metal filter screen (201), and the two sealing rubber strips (202) are fitted together. The upper and lower ends of the sealing rubber strip (202) are in contact with the lower surface of the upper round seat (108) and the upper surface of the lower round seat (103) to ensure a good seal at the cylindrical splice of the metal filter screen (201); a clamping component (3) is provided at the opening of the vortex insertion groove (109) between the upper round seat (108) and the lower round seat (103), and the clamping component (3) is used to limit the installation of the filter component (2); a backwashing unit is also provided at the top of the upper round seat (108) to the inside of the cylindrical metal filter screen (201), and the backwashing unit is used to achieve reverse flushing of the metal filter screen (201) by water flow impact; The backwashing unit includes a conical spiral conduit (110), a diversion pipe (111), a diversion chamber (112), and a connecting pipe (113). The conical spiral conduit (110) extends from the top of the upper circular seat (108) to below the bottom of the upper circular seat (108). The conical spiral conduit (110) extends outward from top to bottom. The bottom port of the conical spiral conduit (110) is located inside the cylindrical metal filter screen (201) and is tilted downwards, aligned with the side of the metal filter screen (201). The diversion pipe (111) is fixed to the conical spiral conduit. The top of the conical spiral conduit (110) extends upward and connects to the diversion chamber (112). The connecting pipe (113) is fixed at the center of the top of the diversion chamber (112) and connects to the diversion chamber (112). The connecting pipe (113) is used to connect to the backwash pipeline. The backwash water is spirally transported downward through the channel formed by the connecting pipe (113), the diversion chamber (112), the diversion pipe (111), and the conical spiral conduit (110) and impacts the metal filter screen (201) to realize the backwashing operation of the metal filter screen (201). The clamping assembly (3) includes a rotating shaft (301), an arc-shaped arm (302), and a vertical clamping member (303). The rotating shaft (301) is rotatably connected between the upper round seat (108) and the lower round seat (103) and is close to the opening of the vortex insertion slot (109). The arc-shaped arm (302) is symmetrically fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft (301). The vertical clamping member (303) is fixed to the side of the arc-shaped arm (302) away from the rotating shaft (301). The vertical clamping member (303) rotates around the rotating shaft (301) and clamps the side of a sealing rubber strip (202) to achieve the installation limit of the metal filter screen (201). The vertical clamping member (303) has an outwardly protruding handle portion formed on its outer side.

2. The energy-saving adaptive flow nozzle for a crossflow cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered spiral conduit (110) and the diversion tube (111) are arranged in multiple pairs along the circumferential direction, and the bottom height of the multiple sets of tapered spiral conduits (110) decreases sequentially.

3. The energy-saving adaptive flow nozzle for a crossflow cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber (112) is provided with a plurality of diversion ports (116) that are connected to the diversion pipes (111). A central cone (114) is fixed at the center of the bottom of the inner wall of the diversion chamber (112). A plurality of water-dividing baffles (115) are fixed between the outer side of the central cone (114) and the side of the inner wall of the diversion chamber (112). The plurality of water-dividing baffles (115) and the plurality of diversion ports (116) are distributed in an alternating manner.

4. The energy-saving adaptive flow nozzle for a crossflow cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sealing rubber strips (202) have concave grooves (203) formed on the side away from each other, and the vertical clamping member (303) is engaged with the inside of the concave grooves (203).

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