Duckweed type dam leak water inlet positioning and plugging method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy project detection, and discloses a duckweed type dam leak water inlet positioning and plugging method which comprises the following steps: step 1, placing monitoring equipment on the water facing side of a dam, performing constant-speed patrol along the water facing side of the dam all the time, and automatically changing the moving direction when the monitoring equipment moves to the end part of the dam; 2, in the patrol process, power is supplied through solar energy to guarantee the endurance of the monitoring equipment; 3, when the dam leaks water, water surface vortexes or abnormal water flow collection can occur at the water inlet of the loophole, the monitoring equipment stops moving and gradually moves to the water inlet of the loophole along the water flow, and therefore the position of the water leakage position is rapidly monitored; according to the method, dam vulnerabilities can be continuously monitored, the three-dimensional coordinates of the vulnerabilities can be accurately locked, the vulnerabilities are pre-blocked, the types of the vulnerabilities are monitored, the automation degree of equipment is improved, and the emergency response speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering testing technology, specifically a method for locating and sealing the water inlet of a floating dam. Background Technology

[0002] As a key infrastructure of the flood control system, the safe operation of dikes is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property. Under the long-term effect of high water levels during the flood season, seepage channels are easily generated inside the dikes, which can then develop into piping, leaks and other dangers. According to statistics, about 60% of dike failures are caused by seepage damage, and the timely detection and effective sealing of leaks are the core links to avoid dam failure disasters.

[0003] Current methods for detecting and addressing dam breaches primarily include manual inspection, underwater detection technology, distributed fiber optic sensing, and traditional sealing techniques. Manual inspection is labor-intensive, inefficient, and difficult to implement at night or in adverse weather conditions, resulting in a low detection rate for small to medium-sized underwater breaches. Underwater detection technology involves high risks and costs for divers, and is impossible to use in turbulent water. Acoustic equipment is susceptible to interference from sediment and air bubbles, and has limited resolution for shallow, small-sized breaches, making real-time dynamic monitoring difficult. Distributed fiber optic sensing suffers from low positioning accuracy, response delays, and the inability to directly identify the shape of the inlet, and also incurs high construction and modification costs. Traditional sealing techniques mainly employ methods such as well-drainage filtration, plugging the water-facing side (using cotton quilts or geotextiles), and grouting through boreholes at the top of the dam. These measures suffer from drawbacks such as delayed response (often requiring several hours from discovery to implementation), large positioning errors, significant material waste, and the need for extensive manpower and material coordination. Furthermore, under high flow conditions, sealing materials are easily washed away, resulting in a low success rate.

[0004] The current monitoring and location of dam breaches is lagging behind, making it easy to miss the best time for intervention. Moreover, it is difficult to accurately locate the three-dimensional coordinates of the water inlet on the water-facing side, resulting in poor targeting of subsequent sealing. Consequently, the sealing relies on manual decision-making and operation, resulting in slow emergency response and low automation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam with a leak. Through monitoring equipment, continuous active inspection can be achieved, which can promptly detect leaks and accurately locate the three-dimensional coordinates of the inlet on the water-facing side, facilitating subsequent targeted sealing of the leak. Moreover, it has a fast emergency response speed and a high degree of automation, solving the problems of untimely monitoring, poor positioning accuracy, and low degree of automation mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution: A method for locating and sealing the inlet of a leak in a floating dam includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the monitoring equipment on the water-facing side of the dam. The monitoring equipment should always patrol along the water-facing side of the dam at a constant speed, and automatically change its direction of movement when it moves to the end of the dam. Step Two: During the inspection, power is supplied by solar energy to ensure the monitoring equipment's continuous operation; Step 3: When the dam leaks, a water vortex or abnormal water flow will appear at the water inlet. The monitoring equipment will stop moving and gradually move along the water flow to the water inlet to quickly detect the location of the leak. Step 4: Subsequently, the sealing component of the monitoring device gradually moves towards the leak along the water flow, and as the water flow speed increases, the moving speed of the sealing component decreases, so that the sealing component can accurately seal the leak. Step 5: Monitor the specific depth of the vulnerability by moving the plugging component downwards, and probe the inside of the vulnerability through the end of the plugging component to determine the type of vulnerability and pre-plug the vulnerability; Step Six: When sealing the leak, build a retaining wall along the perimeter of the leak on the water-facing side of the dam, and drain the water inside the retaining wall; Step 7: Seal the water inlet of the leak from the water-facing side or seal the leak by drilling a hole in the top of the dam.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step three, the initial diameter of the inlet is 5mm-100mm.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in steps four and five, the sealing component is connected to the monitoring device by a rope, and the depth of the hole is detected by detecting the unwinding length of the rope. The sealing component is conical with a diameter of 1mm-200mm.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in steps five and seven, the types of leaks include the depth of the leak penetration and the distribution of the leak. When the leak completely penetrates the dam or the leak has a large area of ​​seepage and network cracks, the water-facing side is sealed in conjunction with the top of the bottom plate. When the leak penetration depth is shallow or the leak is a single leak, the water-facing side is sealed.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring device includes: a lower floating plate and an upper floating plate, with a connecting member connecting the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate; a driving unit disposed between the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate, causing the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate to move along the water-facing edge of the embankment; and a receiving unit disposed on the lower floating plate, on which a sealing member is provided. When the water flow changes at the point where the sealing member passes, the receiving unit releases the locking of the sealing member, and the sealing member moves along the water flow until it seals the leak, and the internal condition of the leak is detected through the sealing member.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive unit includes a drive motor and two guide wheels. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the lower floating plate, and the two guide wheels are symmetrically rotatably connected between the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate. A track seal is sleeved between the two guide wheels. The track seal is tightly fitted to the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate, and the outer side of the track seal extends to the outside of the lower floating plate and the upper floating plate. The output end of the drive motor and the shaft end of the guide wheels are fixedly connected to pulleys, and a belt is sleeved between the multiple pulleys. The outer side of the track seal is corrugated.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a guide mechanism symmetrically arranged on the lower float plate. The guide mechanism includes a mounting plate, on which a hollow shaft is rotatably connected. A movable shaft is slidably connected inside the hollow shaft. A reversing bevel gear is symmetrically mounted on the movable shaft. A propeller is fixedly connected to the end of the movable shaft. A drive bevel gear is rotatably connected to the lower float plate. The shaft end of the drive bevel gear is connected to the shaft end of the guide wheel. A first electromagnet is installed inside the hollow shaft. A spring is fixedly connected between the first electromagnet and the movable shaft. The side of the movable shaft near the first electromagnet is magnetic. The first electromagnet is electrically connected to a drive motor. When the drive motor rotates in the opposite direction, the magnetic poles of the first electromagnet are opposite.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the storage unit includes a storage box, the bottom of which is connected to a receiving tube, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the storage box, a winding roller is mounted on the rotating shaft, a pull rope is wound on the winding roller, the end of the pull rope passes through the receiving tube, a sealing member is connected to the end of the pull rope, and mounting boxes are symmetrically installed inside the storage box, with a release mechanism provided between the mounting boxes and the rotating shaft.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the release mechanism includes a ratchet fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. A matching ratchet tooth is rotatably connected to the side of the mounting box near the ratchet. A spring is installed between the ratchet tooth and the mounting box. A second electromagnet is installed on the side of the mounting box near the ratchet tooth. A third electromagnet is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box. An elastic damping element is installed on the side of the third electromagnet near the rotating shaft. A brake disc is installed at the end of the elastic damping element. The ratchet tooth exhibits a magnetic pole on the side near the second electromagnet, and its magnetic pole is different from that of the ratchet tooth when the second electromagnet is energized. The brake disc exhibits a magnetic pole on the side near the third electromagnet, and its magnetic pole is the same as that of the brake disc when the third electromagnet is energized.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing component includes a micro generator connected to the end of a pull rope. A water turbine is mounted on the micro generator, and a sealing head is mounted on the side of the water turbine away from the micro generator. A monitoring probe is mounted on the end of the sealing head. The power generation end of the micro generator is electrically connected to a second electromagnet and a third electromagnet via a line. The line is arranged along the inside of the pull rope, and a spiral blade is provided on the outer wall of the water turbine.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam with a leak, which has the following advantages: 1. In this method for locating and sealing the water inlet of a floating dam, the driving unit can drive the monitoring equipment to continuously monitor along the edge of the dam, so as to detect the leak in time and enable the equipment to conduct stable monitoring under the interference of wind, waves and floating objects, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the monitoring equipment.

[0017] 2. In this method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam with a leak, the three-dimensional coordinates of the inlet on the water-facing side can be accurately located when a leak is discovered through the receiving part and the sealing component. At the same time, the type of leak can be detected to facilitate targeted sealing of the leak. In addition, the leak can be pre-sealed before it is dealt with, which can reduce the speed of leak development, prevent the danger from escalating, greatly improve the automation level of the equipment, and speed up the emergency response.

[0018] The parts of this device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention can continuously monitor dam breaches, accurately locate the three-dimensional coordinates of the breaches, pre-seal the breaches, and monitor the type of breaches. This not only improves the automation level of the equipment but also speeds up the emergency response. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the monitoring device in this invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the monitoring device in this invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional assembly schematic diagram of the monitoring equipment in this invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the lower and upper floating plates in this invention; Figure 5This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the guide mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the storage section in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the storage section in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sealing component in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Lower float plate; 2. Upper float plate; 3. Connector; 4. Drive motor; 5. Guide wheel; 6. Track seal; 7. Pulley; 8. Belt; 9. Directional switch; 10. Photovoltaic panel; 11. Guide mechanism; 111. Mounting plate; 112. Hollow shaft; 113. Movable shaft; 114. Directional bevel gear; 115. Propeller; 116. Drive bevel gear; 117. First electromagnet; 118. Spring; 12. Storage box; 13. Receiving tube; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Winding roller; 16. Pull rope; 17. Micro generator; 18. Water turbine; 19. Sealing head; 20. Monitoring probe; 21. Mounting box; 22. Ratchet; 23. Ratchet tooth; 24. Spring; 25. Second electromagnet; 26. Third electromagnet; 27. Elastic damping element; 28. Brake disc. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: A method for locating and sealing the inlet of a leak in a floating dam includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the monitoring equipment on the water-facing side of the dam. The monitoring equipment should always patrol along the water-facing side of the dam at a constant speed, and automatically change its direction of movement when it moves to the end of the dam. The monitoring equipment is deployed on the water surface of the dam's water-facing side, enabling autonomous navigation. The navigation path strictly follows the dam's outline. When the monitoring equipment reaches the dam's end boundary, it automatically performs a reciprocating inspection, ensuring the integrity of the inspection coverage area and avoiding monitoring blind spots caused by unidirectional movement. This allows the equipment to perform all-weather periodic inspections without human intervention, significantly improving the continuity and automation level of monitoring.

[0024] Step Two: During the inspection, power is supplied by solar energy to ensure the monitoring equipment's continuous operation; The monitoring equipment integrates flexible solar panels or thin-film photovoltaic modules to convert light energy into electrical energy to power the monitoring equipment. When there is sufficient sunlight, the electrical energy, in addition to meeting the real-time power consumption, is stored in the battery. When there is insufficient sunlight or at night, it switches to battery power mode, freeing the equipment from dependence on wired power and enabling self-sufficient operation. It is especially suitable for remote dam environments in the wild, avoiding the maintenance costs of regularly replacing batteries and the risk of power outages, and ensuring long-term stable operation under unattended conditions.

[0025] Step 3: When the dam leaks, a water vortex or abnormal water flow will appear at the water inlet. The monitoring equipment will stop moving and gradually move along the water flow to the water inlet to quickly detect the location of the leak. In step three, the initial diameter of the inlet is 5mm-100mm. When a seepage channel forms inside the dam, the water flow on the water-facing side flows towards the inlet under the pressure difference. A visible vortex or an area with a flow velocity significantly higher than the surrounding area forms on the water surface above the inlet. The sealing component begins to rotate locally, and the monitoring equipment stops moving and enters drift mode. At this time, the monitoring equipment relies on its own buoyancy and the thrust of the water flow to drift naturally along the streamline until it reaches the point of maximum flow velocity, which is directly above the center of the inlet. This process utilizes the dynamic characteristics of the water flow itself as a guide, and can achieve accurate positioning without complex algorithms. It has a fast response speed and high positioning accuracy, and is particularly suitable for the active search of hidden underwater vulnerabilities.

[0026] Step 4: Subsequently, the sealing component of the monitoring device gradually moves towards the leak along the water flow, and as the water flow speed increases, the moving speed of the sealing component decreases, so that the sealing component can accurately seal the leak. The sealing component is connected to the main body of the monitoring equipment via a flexible rope. Initially, it is stored inside the equipment. After positioning, the release mechanism unlocks, and the sealing component detaches from the mother ship under the combined action of gravity and water flow drag force. It tilts and sinks along the water flow direction. The rope unwinding mechanism has a built-in electromagnetic brake. Its braking force is positively correlated with the current intensity output by the micro generator 17 inside the sealing component. The greater the water flow velocity, the higher the rotation speed of the water turbine 18, the greater the power generation, and the stronger the reverse torque generated by the brake. This automatically reduces the rope unwinding speed, ensuring that the sealing component can decelerate smoothly and accurately enter the position when approaching a narrow gap with high flow velocity. This avoids damage or deviation from the gap due to excessive inertia, greatly improving the sealing success rate.

[0027] Step 5: Monitor the specific depth of the vulnerability by moving the plugging component downwards, and probe the inside of the vulnerability through the end of the plugging component to determine the type of vulnerability and pre-plug the vulnerability; In steps four and five, the sealing component is connected to the monitoring equipment via a rope. The depth of the leak is detected by measuring the unwinding length of the rope. The sealing component is conical, with a diameter of 1mm-200mm. The surface of the rope is marked with scales or an internal fiber optic encoder can record the unwinding length in real time. This length is the depth of the sealing component from the water surface to the leak entrance, providing key geometric parameters for subsequent sealing construction. The front end of the sealing component integrates a miniature high-definition camera, a temperature sensor, and a pressure probe. As the sealing component penetrates deeper into the leak, it can acquire images of the inner wall of the channel, seepage temperature, and internal water pressure data. If the image shows a smooth channel with a uniform diameter that extends to the backwater side, it is identified as a piping leak. If the inner wall is rough, has many branches, and is honeycomb-like, it is identified as a diffuse seepage or fracture development zone. If the depth is shallow and the channel narrows rapidly, it is identified as a surface scour pit. This achieves a refined classification of leak defects, providing a scientific basis for selecting the optimal sealing strategy (simple sealing on the water-facing side or combined with grouting on the backwater side), avoiding resource waste and improper handling caused by blind construction.

[0028] Step Six: When sealing the leak, build a retaining wall along the perimeter of the leak on the water-facing side of the dam, and drain the water inside the retaining wall; After pinpointing the exact location of the leak, rescue workers constructed a ring-shaped retaining wall on the water-facing side using sandbags, sheet piles, or inflatable cofferdams to enclose the leak area into a closed space. Water pumps were then used to drain the water inside the wall, creating a partially dry working environment. This cofferdam-based dewatering transformed underwater operations into open-water operations on the water-facing side, significantly reducing construction difficulty and improving the setting quality and bonding strength of the sealing materials (such as quick-setting cement and polyurethane foam). Simultaneously, the leak opening was fully exposed after drainage, facilitating manual cleaning of debris, measurement, and precise filling—a crucial guarantee for ensuring a tight and durable seal.

[0029] Step 7: Seal the water inlet of the leak from the water-facing side or seal the leak by drilling a hole in the top of the dam.

[0030] In steps five and seven, the types of leaks include the depth of penetration and the distribution of leaks. When a leak completely penetrates the dam, or when there is extensive seepage or network-like cracks, the leak is sealed simultaneously on the water-facing side and the top of the base slab. When the leak has a shallow penetration or is a single leak, the leak is sealed on the water-facing side. For leaks with shallow penetration and a single channel, the direct sealing method on the water-facing side is used: the grouting pipe is inserted into the leak opening, and rapid sealing is achieved through expansion, anchoring, or quick-setting materials. Then, a composite water-retaining membrane is laid, and the space between the water-retaining wall and the composite water-retaining membrane is filled with soil mixed with the composite water-retaining membrane. The method of sealing leaks with numerous holes is simple to construct and quick to respond, making it suitable for rapid control of the situation in the early stages of an emergency. For complex leaks that are deep, widely distributed, or have a network of cracks, the method of drilling holes at the top of the dam is adopted: drilling holes vertically or at an angle from the top of the dam to reach the leak channel or seepage area, and injecting cement grout, chemical grout, or bentonite through high-pressure grouting to fill the internal voids and form a curtain of seepage prevention. This can achieve deep reinforcement, fundamentally cut off the seepage channel, and prevent the internal erosion from continuing to expand after the surface is sealed. The combination of the two strategies takes into account both emergency speed and treatment depth, forming a graded and classified treatment system.

[0031] Example 2: Similar to Example 1, but with the addition of a monitoring device, as described in Example 1. Figures 1-9 The monitoring equipment includes: a lower floating plate 1 and an upper floating plate 2, with a connector 3 connecting the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2; a drive unit, located between the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2, which moves the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2 along the water-facing edge of the dam; and a receiving unit, located on the lower floating plate 1, which is equipped with a sealing component. When the water flow changes at the location where the sealing component passes, the receiving unit releases the locking of the sealing component, and the sealing component moves along the water flow until it seals the leak, and the internal condition of the leak is detected through the sealing component.

[0032] The lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2 are arranged in parallel to form a double-layer frame structure, which is fixed in the middle by a column or truss connector 3 to form a stable box-shaped floating body. The double-layer design improves the overall anti-overturning ability and can maintain a stable floating posture even when encountering wind, waves or collisions. The connector 3 is arranged in the center to ensure structural rigidity. The materials of the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2 are high-density polyethylene or carbon fiber composite materials, which have the characteristics of being lightweight, corrosion-resistant and impact-resistant. The lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2 provide a mounting base for the drive unit, storage unit, control unit and energy module. At the same time, its flat shape and large bottom area reduce navigation resistance and enhance the stability of dam-hugging cruise.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The drive unit includes a drive motor 4 and two guide wheels 5. The drive motor 4 is fixedly connected to the lower floating plate 1. The two guide wheels 5 are symmetrically rotated and connected between the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2. A track seal 6 is sleeved between the two guide wheels 5. The track seal 6 fits tightly with the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2, and the outer side of the track seal 6 extends to the outside of the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2. The output end of the drive motor 4 and the shaft end of the guide wheels 5 are both fixedly connected to pulleys 7. A belt 8 is sleeved between the multiple pulleys 7. The outer side of the track seal 6 is corrugated. A photovoltaic panel 10 is installed on the upper floating plate 2, and a battery is provided between the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 10. When there is sufficient sunlight, excess electrical energy can be stored in the battery. Two symmetrical reversing switches 9 are arranged on the top of the upper floating plate 2, which are electrically connected to the drive motor 4. When the equipment moves to the end of the dam, the reversing switch 9 will be triggered, causing the drive motor 4 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the equipment can move back and forth along the edge of the dam and realize the real-time monitoring of the leak.

[0034] The drive motor 4 transmits torque to the two guide wheels 5 via the belt 8. The guide wheels 5 drive the track seal 6 to rotate cyclically. The track seal 6 is made of rubber or polyurethane material and fits tightly with the edges of the lower floating plate 1 and the upper floating plate 2 to form a closed ring track, ensuring internal sealing and preventing water plants and debris from being rolled in. The corrugated outer side increases the gripping friction with the dam slope surface, allowing for stable gripping even on wet and slippery slopes and preventing slippage. The symmetrically arranged double guide wheels 5 and track seal 6 form a rectangular support, which evenly distributes the weight of the equipment, reduces the pressure on the dam surface, and avoids damage to the slope structure. It has the advantages of accurate positioning, strong resistance to water flow interference, and difficulty in deviating from the course, making it suitable for constant speed cruising along a straight dam body.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 It also includes a guide mechanism 11 symmetrically arranged on the lower float 1. The guide mechanism 11 includes a mounting plate 111, a hollow shaft 112 rotatably connected to the mounting plate 111, a movable shaft 113 slidably connected inside the hollow shaft 112, a reversing bevel gear 114 symmetrically mounted on the movable shaft 113, a propeller 115 fixedly connected to the end of the movable shaft 113, a drive bevel gear 116 rotatably connected to the lower float 1, and the shaft end of the drive bevel gear 116 connected to the shaft end of the guide wheel 5. A first electromagnet 117 is installed inside the hollow shaft 112, and a spring 118 is fixedly connected between the first electromagnet 117 and the movable shaft 113. The side of the movable shaft 113 near the first electromagnet 117 is magnetic. The first electromagnet 117 is electrically connected to the drive motor 4. When the drive motor 4 rotates in the opposite direction, the magnetic poles of the first electromagnet 117 are opposite.

[0036] Mounting plate 111 is fixed to lower floating plate 1, providing support for the entire guide mechanism 11. The movable shaft 113 inside the hollow shaft 112, through spline or groove engagement, can slide axially to change its extension length and transmit torque. The drive bevel gear 116 is linked to the guide wheel 5, introducing power into the guide mechanism 11. When the drive motor 4 rotates forward, driving the equipment forward, the first electromagnet 117 is energized, generating magnetic attraction that overcomes the force of spring 118, pulling the movable shaft 113 in. This causes one of the front-end reversing bevel gears 114 to mesh with the drive bevel gear 116. The propeller 115... Rotating in the water generates lateral thrust, increasing the pressure between the track seal 6 and the edge of the dam. This not only ensures that the entire equipment fits snugly against the edge of the dam but also guarantees the stability of the equipment's movement. When the equipment reaches the dam end, the drive motor 4 reverses, the magnetic poles of the first electromagnet 117 reverse, generating a repulsive force. The movable shaft 113 extends outward, and another reversing bevel gear 114 meshes with the drive bevel gear 116. The propeller 115 rotates in the opposite direction (same as the initial rotation direction), thus ensuring the stability of the equipment's movement. No additional servo motor is needed, simplifying the structure and enabling the equipment to return autonomously.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 The storage unit includes a storage box 12, the bottom of which is connected to a receiving tube 13. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected inside the storage box 12. A winding roller 15 is mounted on the rotating shaft 14. A pull rope 16 is wound around the winding roller 15. The end of the pull rope 16 passes through the receiving tube 13. A sealing member is connected to the end of the pull rope 16. An installation box 21 is symmetrically installed inside the storage box 12. A release mechanism is provided between the installation box 21 and the rotating shaft 14.

[0038] The storage box 12 serves as the main container, with a tapered bottom connecting to a slender receiving tube 13, forming a guide channel to ensure that the sealing component is not easily entangled or jammed during release. The rotating shaft 14 is horizontally positioned on the upper part of the storage box 12. The pull rope 16 is wound in layers around the winding roller 15. The pull rope 16 is covered with high-strength Kevlar fiber or steel wire rope, combining tensile strength and wear resistance. The end of the receiving tube 13 is close to the water surface, and the sealing component is suspended at its outlet, in a ready-to-go state. The symmetrically arranged installation boxes 21 contain the release mechanism. The structure controls the locking and unlocking of the rotating shaft 14, concentrating the functions of sealing component storage, release, and depth measurement within the storage box 12. It features a compact structure, excellent waterproof sealing, and prevents external environmental corrosion of the internal mechanism. The receiving tube 13 also prevents water from entering the storage box 12 underwater, ensuring its internal sealing. A handle is installed on the outside of the storage box 12, with the handle's shaft end connected to the rotating shaft 14, allowing for the retrieval of the pull rope 16.

[0039] Reference Figures 7-8The release mechanism includes a ratchet 22 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14. A matching ratchet 23 is rotatably connected to the side of the mounting box 21 near the ratchet 22. A spring 24 is installed between the ratchet 23 and the mounting box 21. A second electromagnet 25 is installed on the side of the mounting box 21 near the ratchet 23. A third electromagnet 26 is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box 21. An elastic damping element 27 is installed on the side of the third electromagnet 26 near the rotating shaft 14. A brake disc 28 is installed at the end of the elastic damping element 27. The ratchet 23 has a magnetic pole on the side near the second electromagnet 25. When the second electromagnet 25 is energized, its magnetic pole is different from that of the ratchet 23. The brake disc 28 has a magnetic pole on the side near the third electromagnet 26. When the third electromagnet 26 is energized, its magnetic pole is the same as that of the brake disc 28.

[0040] The ratchet 22 and ratchet 23 form a mechanical one-way locking structure. Under normal conditions, the spring 24 presses the ratchet 23 into the groove of the ratchet 22, restricting the shaft 14 to rotate only in one direction (tightening direction), preventing the sealing component from accidentally falling off due to vibration or misoperation. The second electromagnet 25 is directly opposite the magnetic end of the ratchet 23. When a leak is detected and release is required, the second electromagnet 25 is energized to generate a magnetic field of opposite poles. The magnetic force overcomes the elastic force of the spring 24 and pulls the ratchet 23 away from the ratchet 22, achieving mechanical unlocking. At the same time, the third electromagnet 26 and the brake disc 28 form an electromagnetic braking system. The brake disc 28 is connected to the elastic damping element 27 (similar to the structure of a shock absorber). Under normal conditions, the third electromagnet 26 is de-energized, and the brake disc 28 and the brake disc 28 are locked together. The shaft 14 is non-contact; when the rope release speed needs to be controlled, the third electromagnet 26 is energized, and the repulsive force generated by the same magnetic field pushes the brake disc 28 to press against the side of the shaft 14. Adjustable damping is generated through friction (because the suction force of the water flow is too great when approaching the hole, if the moving speed of the sealing component is not reduced, the sealing component will easily collide with the hole, which will easily accelerate the expansion of the hole. In addition, the elastic damping component 27 can also limit the moving threshold of the brake disc 28, so that the shaft 14 can still rotate slowly when the brake disc 28 and the shaft 14 are at the maximum braking resistance). This ensures that the sealing component is absolutely locked under normal conditions and the speed is controllable when released, thus improving the safety and controllability of the system.

[0041] Reference Figure 9 The sealing component includes a micro generator 17, which is connected to the end of a pull rope 16. A water turbine 18 is mounted on the micro generator 17. A sealing head 19 is mounted on the side of the water turbine 18 away from the micro generator 17. A monitoring probe 20 is mounted on the end of the sealing head 19. The power generation end of the micro generator 17 is electrically connected to the second electromagnet 25 and the third electromagnet 26 via a line. The line is arranged along the inside of the pull rope 16. A spiral blade is provided on the outer wall of the water turbine 18.

[0042] The micro generator 17 uses a permanent magnet DC motor, with its rotor shaft fixedly connected to the water turbine 18. When the water flow impacts the rotation of the water turbine 18, the stator windings cut magnetic field lines to generate an induced current. The blade design on the outer wall of the water turbine 18 allows it to efficiently capture kinetic energy in oblique water flow and generate axial thrust for auxiliary guidance. The generated output is transmitted back to the storage box 12 via a flexible wire embedded inside the pull rope 16, supplying power to the second electromagnet 25 and the third electromagnet 26 (the end of the pull rope 16 extends into the shaft 14, and the circuit is connected by an electric slip ring set in the shaft 14), forming a closed-loop energy system that requires no electricity. The pool is maintenance-free. The sealing head 19 adopts a conical rubber plug or inflatable airbag structure with a maximum diameter larger than the leak (because the leak is detected relatively quickly, the initial state of the leak is usually less than 100mm), thus pre-sealing the leak. The monitoring probe 20 at the front end of the sealing head 19 is an integrated waterproof camera and micro-sensor chip, which can rotate 360° to scan and transmit images of the channel and water quality parameters in real time. It combines passive sealing with active detection, and works autonomously using water flow energy, realizing simultaneous detection and sealing of leaks, greatly improving the targeting and intelligence level of sealing.

[0043] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam with a leak, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the monitoring equipment on the water-facing side of the dam. The monitoring equipment will patrol along the water-facing side of the dam at a constant speed and automatically change its direction of movement when it reaches the end of the dam. Step Two: During the inspection, power is supplied by solar energy to ensure the monitoring equipment's continuous operation; Step 3: When the dam leaks, a water vortex or abnormal water flow will appear at the water inlet. The monitoring equipment will stop moving and gradually move along the water flow to the water inlet to quickly detect the location of the leak. Step 4: Subsequently, the sealing component of the monitoring device gradually moves towards the leak along the water flow, and as the water flow speed increases, the moving speed of the sealing component decreases, so that the sealing component can accurately seal the leak. Step 5: Monitor the specific depth of the vulnerability by moving the plugging component downwards, and probe the inside of the vulnerability through the end of the plugging component to determine the type of vulnerability and pre-plug the vulnerability; Step Six: When sealing the leak, build a retaining wall along the perimeter of the leak on the water-facing side of the dam, and drain the water inside the retaining wall; Step 7: Seal the water inlet of the leak from the water-facing side or seal the leak by drilling a hole in the top of the dam.

2. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the initial diameter of the inlet is 5mm-100mm.

3. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 2, characterized in that, In steps four and five, the sealing component is connected to the monitoring equipment via a rope. The depth of the leak is detected by measuring the unwinding length of the rope. The sealing component is conical with a diameter of 1mm-200mm.

4. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps five and seven, the types of leaks include the depth of the leak penetration and the distribution of the leak. When the leak completely penetrates the dam or the leak has a large area of ​​seepage or network cracks, the water-facing side is sealed in conjunction with the top of the bottom plate. When the leak penetration is shallow or the leak is a single leak, the water-facing side is sealed.

5. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring equipment includes: A lower floating plate (1) and an upper floating plate (2) are connected by a connector (3); The drive unit is located between the lower floating plate (1) and the upper floating plate (2) to move the lower floating plate (1) and the upper floating plate (2) along the water-facing edge of the dam. The receiving part is provided on the lower floating plate (1). The receiving part is provided with a sealing member. When the water flow changes at the point where the sealing member passes, the receiving part releases the locking of the sealing member. The sealing member then moves along the water flow until it seals the leak and the internal condition of the leak is detected through the sealing member.

6. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a drive motor (4) and two guide wheels (5). The drive motor (4) is fixedly connected to the lower floating plate (1). The two guide wheels (5) are symmetrically rotated and connected between the lower floating plate (1) and the upper floating plate (2). A track seal (6) is sleeved between the two guide wheels (5). The track seal (6) is tightly fitted with the lower floating plate (1) and the upper floating plate (2), and the outer side of the track seal (6) extends to the outside of the lower floating plate (1) and the upper floating plate (2). Among them, the output end of the drive motor (4) and the shaft end of the guide wheel (5) are fixedly connected to pulleys (7), and belts (8) are sleeved between multiple pulleys (7). The outer side of the track seal (6) is corrugated.

7. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a guide mechanism (11) symmetrically arranged on the lower float plate (1). The guide mechanism (11) includes a mounting plate (111), on which a hollow shaft (112) is rotatably connected. A movable shaft (113) is slidably connected inside the hollow shaft (112). A reversing bevel gear (114) is symmetrically mounted on the movable shaft (113). A propeller (115) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable shaft (113). A drive bevel gear (116) is rotatably connected to the lower float plate (1). The shaft end of the drive bevel gear (116) is connected to the shaft end of the guide wheel (5). The hollow shaft (112) is equipped with a first electromagnet (117), and a spring (118) is fixedly connected between the first electromagnet (117) and the movable shaft (113). The movable shaft (113) is magnetic on the side near the first electromagnet (117). The first electromagnet (117) is electrically connected to the drive motor (4). When the drive motor (4) rotates in the opposite direction, the magnetic poles of the first electromagnet (117) are opposite.

8. The method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 5, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a storage box (12), the bottom of which is connected to a receiving tube (13). A rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected inside the storage box (12). A winding roller (15) is mounted on the rotating shaft (14). A pull rope (16) is wound around the winding roller (15). The end of the pull rope (16) passes through the receiving tube (13). The sealing member is connected to the end of the pull rope (16). An installation box (21) is symmetrically installed inside the storage box (12). A release mechanism is provided between the installation box (21) and the rotating shaft (14).

9. A method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 8, characterized in that, The release mechanism includes a ratchet (22) fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (14). A matching ratchet tooth (23) is rotatably connected to the side of the mounting box (21) near the ratchet (22). A spring piece (24) is installed between the ratchet tooth (23) and the mounting box (21). A second electromagnet (25) is installed on the side of the mounting box (21) near the ratchet tooth (23). A third electromagnet (26) is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box (21). An elastic damping element (27) is installed on the side of the third electromagnet (26) near the rotating shaft (14). A brake disc (28) is installed at the end of the elastic damping element (27). The ratchet (23) has a magnetic pole on the side closest to the second electromagnet (25). When the second electromagnet (25) is energized, the magnetic pole of the ratchet (23) is different from that of the ratchet (23). The brake disc (28) has a magnetic pole on the side closest to the third electromagnet (26). When the third electromagnet (26) is energized, the magnetic pole of the brake disc (28) is the same as that of the brake disc (28).

10. A method for locating and sealing the inlet of a floating dam leak according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sealing component includes a micro generator (17), which is connected to the end of a pull rope (16). A water wheel (18) is installed on the micro generator (17), and a sealing head (19) is installed on the side of the water wheel (18) away from the micro generator (17). A monitoring probe (20) is installed at the end of the sealing head (19). The micro generator (17) is electrically connected to the second electromagnet (25) and the third electromagnet (26) via a line. The line is set inside the pull rope (16). The outer wall of the water turbine (18) is provided with a spiral blade.

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