Automobile loading brake inspection system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile detection, and discloses an automobile loading brake detection system and a use method thereof.The automobile loading brake detection system comprises a supporting unit, a driving unit and a detection unit, the driving unit and the detection unit are located in the supporting unit, the driving unit can be used for driving a wheel to be detected to rotate, and the supporting unit comprises two mounting shells; according to the invention, the hydraulic adjusting unit and the bolt-slot plate limiting mechanism with the flexible limiting teeth are arranged, so that accurate and stable adjustment and rigid locking of the distance between the two mounting transverse plates are realized; the design can quickly adapt to wheel track specifications of vehicles with different wheelbases, fundamentally solves the problem that the existing brake detection equipment cannot be universally used due to fixed width, remarkably widens the application range of single equipment, and improves the operation efficiency of a detection station and the economical efficiency of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive testing technology, and in particular to an automotive loading brake testing system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle loading brake testing is a crucial step in motor vehicle safety inspection. It uses a drive roller to simulate a road surface, applies rotational driving force to the wheel under test, and then applies brakes to measure and evaluate the vehicle's braking performance. However, existing vehicle loading brake testing systems have several technical problems that urgently need to be solved in practical applications.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN109000931B discloses an automotive brake testing platform, comprising an underground base and a testing box. The underground base includes a base body with a U-shaped groove on one surface. A set of rectangular slots are formed on the inner walls of the U-shaped groove. A set of water guiding devices is fixed to one surface of the base body. The water guiding devices include a filter box and a water tank, both of which are fixedly connected to the surface of the base body. The filter box is connected to the water tank via a pipe. A first water pump and a second water pump are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the water tank and the filter box, respectively. A set of testing devices is fixed inside the testing box. A water guiding box is fixed to the bottom of the testing box. The testing box and the water guiding box are clearance-fitted with the U-shaped groove. A set of humidifying devices is fixed to opposite sides of the testing box.

[0004] Based on the aforementioned existing technologies, it has been found that due to the significant differences in wheel track (i.e., the center distance between the left and right wheels) among different vehicle models, it is difficult for a single device to quickly and accurately adapt to various vehicle specifications, ranging from microcars to large passenger and freight vehicles. Secondly, during the testing process, hard objects (such as stones) embedded in the tire tread grooves or sticky substances (such as mud and gum) will significantly change the actual friction state between the tire and the testing roller. For example, the deep grooves of snow tires are very easy to trap stones, while ordinary tires are prone to having debris stuck to their treads after driving on complex road conditions. These attachments will cause uneven distribution of contact pressure between the tire and the roller, abnormal vibration, or slippage during braking testing, thereby distorting the collected key data such as braking force and speed, and affecting the accurate judgment of vehicle braking performance and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automotive loading braking test system and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A vehicle loading braking test system includes a support unit, a drive unit, and a detection unit. The drive unit and the detection unit are both located inside the support unit, and the drive unit can be used to drive the wheel under test to rotate.

[0008] The support unit includes two mounting shells, each of which has a mounting plate on one side close to the other, a limiting unit between the two mounting plates, and a hydraulic adjustment unit on the side of the two mounting plates close to the limiting unit.

[0009] The drive unit includes a drive spindle and a driven spindle. The drive spindle has a rotating shaft 1 inside, and the driven spindle has a rotating shaft 2 inside. The left and right ends of the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are rotatably connected to a fixed frame, and the bottom of the fixed frame is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting housing.

[0010] The outer surface of the drive spindle is provided with an adjustment groove, and the interior of the adjustment groove is provided with symmetrically arranged inclined plates.

[0011] The driven spindle has a groove inside, and a crescent plate is movably installed inside the groove. A rotating shaft is installed inside the crescent plate, and the crescent plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the groove through the rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the drive unit further includes a rotary drive device, the output end of which is provided with a transmission gear A, the outer surface of which is provided with a transmission chain A, and the transmission gear A is provided with a transmission gear B through the transmission chain A. One side of the transmission gear B is connected to a rotating shaft, and the drive spindle can drive the wheel under test to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating rod is fixedly provided inside the inclined plate, and arc-shaped grooves A are provided at both ends of the drive spindle. The ends of the two rotating rods are located inside the arc-shaped grooves A. The rotating rods are movably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped grooves A, and the inclined plate and the rotating rods can move and rotate inside the adjusting groove and the arc-shaped grooves A.

[0014] Preferably, a control rod is hinged between the two inclined plates, and a limiting block is provided at the end of the control rod. Vertical grooves are provided on the side of both ends of the drive spindle near the arc-shaped groove A, and the vertical grooves are located in the middle area of ​​the arc-shaped groove A. The limiting block and the control rod are slidably disposed inside the vertical groove. A control link is rotatably connected to one side of the limiting block. The end of the control link away from the limiting block is rotatably connected to a circular plate. The circular plate is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the circular plate can slide linearly along the outer surface of the first rotating shaft, and a linear drive device is provided on the side of the circular plate away from the control linkage. The linear drive device can control the circular plate to move laterally along the outer surface of the first rotating shaft. The linear drive device is located inside the fixed frame, and a turntable is provided on the outer side of the linear drive device. The turntable is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame, and the turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating shaft.

[0016] The drive spindle has a mounting block at one end, and a return spring is provided on one side of the mounting block. The end of the return spring away from the mounting block is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0017] Preferably, the shape of the crescent plate is adapted to the groove, and a drive shaft is provided inside the side of the crescent plate away from the rotating shaft. The interior of the crescent plate is movably connected to the drive shaft. A guide groove is provided inside the crescent plate. The drive shaft is movably disposed inside the guide groove, which is located between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft. A vertical connecting rod is provided at the end of the drive shaft away from the crescent plate. A rotating ring is fixed at the end of the vertical connecting rod away from the crescent plate. The inner diameter of the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0018] Preferably, a transmission tube extends from the side of the rotating ring away from the vertical connecting rod, and a toothed groove is provided on the side of the transmission tube away from the rotating ring. A transmission gear C is driven on the outer side of the transmission tube, and the transmission tube and the transmission gear C mesh with each other. A micro motor is provided at the end of the rotating shaft away from the transmission tube, and the output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the transmission gear C.

[0019] The micro motor is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft two, and the micro motor can drive the rotating ring and the vertical connecting rod to rotate along the outer surface of the rotating shaft two through the transmission tube. The outer side of the transmission tube is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The driven main shaft is also provided with an arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft is located inside the arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft can make arc-shaped movements and move inside the arc-shaped slide groove B in coordination with the rotation of the vertical connecting rod.

[0020] Preferably, the detection unit includes an independent connecting rod, and a brake detection roller is provided at the end of the independent connecting rod away from the fixed frame. The brake detection roller is rotatably connected to the independent connecting rod, and a braking force sensor and a speed sensor are provided inside the brake detection roller. The brake detection roller can collect and detect the braking force data of the wheel under test in cooperation with the braking force sensor and the speed sensor. The independent connecting rod is located above the fixed frame, and there are at least two independent connecting rods. The two independent connecting rods are respectively located at the left and right ends of the brake detection roller, and the brake detection roller is located between the drive shaft and the driven shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the limiting unit includes two symmetrically arranged pins and a slot plate, and the outer surface of the pins is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth, and the inner wall of the slot plate is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves that are adapted to the pins. The length and width of the pins are adapted to the slot plate.

[0022] When the pin and the slot plate are in an interlocking state, the multiple limiting teeth and the multiple limiting grooves in the slot plate can always maintain a limiting state. The multiple limiting teeth are made of flexible material. When the pin slides inside the slot plate, the multiple limiting teeth can gradually deform under the pressure of the multiple limiting grooves.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for using a vehicle loading brake testing system, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Drive the vehicle to be tested into the testing area, start the hydraulic adjustment unit, and control its piston rod to extend or retract to adjust the distance between the drive spindle and the driven spindle. During the adjustment process, when the distance is adjusted to the correct position, the hydraulic adjustment unit locks, and the limiting unit locks the two mounting plates.

[0025] S2. Start the drive unit to drive the drive spindle to rotate. The drive spindle drives the wheel under test to rotate by relying on surface friction. The wheel drives the driven spindle to rotate accordingly. When the wheel is rotating, control the application of braking force to the wheel. During the braking process, the detection unit collects braking data.

[0026] S3. After the brake test is completed, the drive unit stops and the vehicle drives away. Repeat steps S1 and S2 according to the specifications of the next vehicle to be inspected.

[0027] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. This invention achieves precise and stable adjustment and rigid locking of the distance between two mounting cross plates by setting up a hydraulic adjustment unit and a pin-slot plate limiting mechanism with flexible limiting teeth. This design can quickly adapt to the wheel track specifications of vehicles with different wheelbases, fundamentally solving the problem that existing brake testing equipment cannot be universal due to fixed width, significantly expanding the applicability of a single device, and improving the operating efficiency and equipment economy of the testing station.

[0029] 2. This invention integrates detection, friction enhancement, and cleaning functions by setting an inclined plate mechanism with a triangular protrusion that can be linked and controlled on the drive spindle, and a crescent-shaped cleaning mechanism with a guide groove and lever structure driven by a micro motor on the driven spindle. The protrusion structure of the drive spindle can significantly enhance the driving friction according to the tire type (such as snow tire) to ensure test stability, while the crescent-shaped plate of the driven spindle can perform three cleaning modes: "push out", "hook dig" and "scrape", accurately removing stones and tread deposits in the tire grooves, greatly eliminating the interference of impurities on the brake test data, and ensuring the absolute accuracy and reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall third-view structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the entire slot plate and the pin insertion state structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket and related structures of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive spindle and related structures of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driven spindle and related structures of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the crescent plate and guide groove assembly state of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft 2 and related structures of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and related structures of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Support unit; 101. Mounting housing; 102. Mounting cross plate; 103. Hydraulic adjustment unit; 104. Slot plate; 105. Pin; 2. Drive unit; 201. Drive spindle; 202. Driven spindle; 203. Mounting bracket; 204. Rotary drive device; 205. Transmission gear A; 206. Transmission gear B; 207. Transmission chain A; 208. Fixing frame; 209. Linear drive Equipment; 210, circular plate; 211, control linkage; 212, limit block; 213, inclined plate; 214, rotating rod; 215, rotating shaft one; 216, transmission gear C; 217, transmission pipe; 218, rotating ring; 219, vertical linkage; 220, drive shaft; 221, crescent plate; 222, rotating shaft two; 223, mounting block; 3, detection unit; 301, brake detection roller; 302, independent linkage. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 10 The vehicle loading braking test system shown includes a support unit 1, a drive unit 2, and a detection unit 3. The drive unit 2 and the detection unit 3 are both located inside the support unit 1. The drive unit 2 can be used to drive the wheel under test to rotate, and the detection unit 3 can detect the braking data of the wheel under test in the rotating state.

[0043] The support unit 1 includes a mounting housing 101. There are at least two mounting housings 101, and the two mounting housings 101 are arranged in a mirror image of each other. Each of the two mounting housings 101 has a mounting horizontal plate 102 on its side that is close to each other. A limiting unit is provided between the two mounting horizontal plates 102, and the two mounting horizontal plates 102 can be connected to each other through the limiting unit. A hydraulic adjustment unit 103 is provided on the side of the two mounting horizontal plates 102 that is close to the limiting unit. The hydraulic adjustment unit 103 can be a hydraulic push rod or an electric push rod. The hydraulic adjustment unit 103 can adjust the distance between the two mounting horizontal plates 102 by extending or retracting.

[0044] The limiting unit includes two symmetrically arranged pins 105 and a slot plate 104. The outer surface of the pins 105 is provided with multiple limiting teeth, and the inner wall of the slot plate 104 is provided with multiple limiting grooves that are adapted to the pins 105. The length and width of the pins 105 are adapted to the slot plate 104. When the pins 105 and the slot plate 104 are in an interlocking state, the multiple limiting teeth and the multiple limiting grooves in the slot plate 104 can always maintain a limiting state. The multiple limiting teeth are made of flexible material. When the pins 105 slide inside the slot plate 104, the multiple limiting teeth can be gradually deformed under the pressure of the multiple limiting grooves, so that they will not interfere with the movement of the sliding pins 105 inside the slot plate 104.

[0045] The inner wall of the mounting housing 101 is provided with a mounting bracket 203. The mounting housing 101 is connected to the drive unit 2 through the mounting bracket 203. The drive unit 2 includes a rotary drive device 204, which can be a servo motor or a drive motor. The output end of the rotary drive device 204 is provided with a transmission gear A205. The outer surface of the transmission gear A205 is provided with a transmission chain A207. The transmission gear A205 is provided with a transmission gear B206 through the transmission chain A207. A rotating shaft 215 is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission gear B206. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 215 is provided with a drive spindle 201, which can drive the wheel under test to rotate.

[0046] The drive unit 2 also includes a driven spindle 202. The driven spindle 202 has a rotating shaft 222 inside. Both the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 222 are provided with a fixing bracket 208. The side of the fixing bracket 208 away from the driven spindle 202 is connected to the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 215.

[0047] The detection unit 3 includes an independent connecting rod 302. A brake detection roller 301 is provided at the end of the independent connecting rod 302 away from the fixed frame 208. The brake detection roller 301 is rotatably connected to the independent connecting rod 302. The brake detection roller 301 is equipped with a braking force sensor and a speed sensor. The brake detection roller 301 can collect and detect the braking force data of the wheel under test by cooperating with the braking force sensor and the speed sensor. The independent connecting rod 302 is located above the fixed frame 208, and there are at least two independent connecting rods 302. The two independent connecting rods 302 are located at the left and right ends of the brake detection roller 301, respectively.

[0048] An adjustment groove is provided on the outer surface of the drive spindle 201. Symmetrically arranged inclined plates 213 are movably arranged inside the adjustment groove. A rotating rod 214 is fixedly installed inside the inclined plate 213. Arc-shaped sliding grooves A are provided at both ends of the drive spindle 201. The ends of the two rotating rods 214 are located inside the arc-shaped sliding grooves A, and the rotating rods 214 are movably connected to the interior of the arc-shaped sliding grooves A. The inclined plates 213 and the rotating rods 214 can move and rotate within the adjustment groove and the arc-shaped sliding grooves A. A control rod is hinged between the two inclined plates 213, and a limit block 212 is provided at the end of the control rod. Vertical sliding grooves are provided on the side of both ends of the drive spindle 201 near the arc-shaped sliding grooves A, and the vertical sliding grooves are located in the middle region of the arc-shaped sliding grooves A. The limit block 212 and the control rod are slidably arranged inside the vertical sliding grooves. A control link 211 is rotatably connected to one side of the limit block 212, and the control link 211 is located away from the limit block. One end of 212 is rotatably connected to the circular plate 210. The circular plate 210 is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 215. The circular plate 210 can slide linearly along the outer surface of the rotating shaft 215. A linear drive device 209 is provided on the side of the circular plate 210 away from the control link 211. The linear drive device 209 can be an electric drive rod or a hydraulic push rod. The linear drive device 209 can control the circular plate 210 to move laterally along the outer surface of the rotating shaft 215. The linear drive device 209 is located inside the fixed frame 208. A turntable is provided on the outer side of the linear drive device 209. The turntable is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame 208. The turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 215. A mounting block 223 is provided at the end of the drive spindle 201. A return spring is provided on one side of the mounting block 223. The end of the return spring away from the mounting block 223 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 214.

[0049] The driven spindle 202 has a groove inside, and a crescent plate 221 is movably mounted inside the groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the crescent plate 221, and the crescent plate 221 is rotatably connected to the inside of the groove via the rotating shaft. The shape of the crescent plate 221 is adapted to the groove. A drive shaft 220 is located inside the side of the crescent plate 221 away from the rotating shaft, and the inside of the crescent plate 221 is movably connected to the drive shaft 220. A guide groove is formed inside the crescent plate 221, and the drive shaft 220 is movably mounted inside the guide groove, which is located between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft 220. A vertical connecting rod 219 is provided at the end of the drive shaft 220 away from the crescent plate 221, and a rotating ring 218 is fixed at the end of the vertical connecting rod 219 away from the crescent plate 221. The inner diameter of the rotating ring 218 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 222. The transmission tube 217 extends outwards, and the side of the transmission tube 217 away from the rotating ring 218 has a toothed groove. A transmission gear C216 is driven on the outer side of the transmission tube 217, and the transmission tube 217 and the transmission gear C216 mesh with each other. A micro motor is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 222 away from the transmission tube 217. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the transmission gear C216. The micro motor is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft 222, and the micro motor can drive the rotating ring 218 and the vertical connecting rod 219 to rotate along the outer surface of the rotating shaft 222 through the transmission tube 217. The outer side of the transmission tube 217 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 208. The driven main shaft 202 is also provided with an arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft 220 is located inside the arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft 220 can make arc-shaped movements and move inside the arc-shaped slide groove B in coordination with the rotation of the vertical connecting rod 219.

[0050] It should be noted that there are at least two sets of fixed brackets 208, with each set of fixed brackets 208 located at the left and right ends of the drive spindle 201 and the driven spindle 202, respectively. Multiple fixed brackets 208 are rotatably connected to rotating shaft one 215 and rotating shaft two 222. The end of rotating shaft two 222 near the vertical connecting rod 219 is rotatably connected to the fixed brackets 208 via a rotating ring 218. Furthermore, since the linear drive device 209 is rotatably connected to the fixed brackets 208 via a turntable and rotating shaft one 215, when the drive spindle 201 is rotating, the linear drive device 209 can rotate synchronously with the drive spindle 201. Conversely, when the driven spindle 202 is rotating... When the micro motor is not in operation, it can synchronously drive the rotating ring 218, the transmission tube 217, and the micro motor to rotate synchronously. Secondly, when the micro motor is independently turned on, its output shaft drives the transmission gear C216 to rotate. This rotational motion is relative to the rotating shaft 222 of the fixed micro motor. Therefore, it can use its output end to cooperate with the transmission gear C216 to reverse the direction of the transmission tube 217 (relative to the direction of synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft and the micro motor), and rotate the rotating ring 218 and the vertical connecting rod 219 (reverse rotation opposite to the rotation of the driven main shaft 202). There will be no motion interference with the rotating shaft 222 during the rotation process.

[0051] It should be noted that the arrangement of the drive unit 2 and the detection unit 3 is as follows: the rotation axes of the drive spindle 201, the brake detection roller 301, and the driven spindle 202 are arranged in a stepped downward manner in the vertical direction. Specifically, the axis of the drive spindle 201 is located at the highest position, the axis of the brake detection roller 301 is located diagonally below it, and the axis of the driven spindle 202 is located at the lowest position. Together, they define an inclined support detection space that accommodates the wheel. When the wheel to be tested is placed in this space, its tread is mainly pressed against the highest position drive spindle 201 to obtain the maximum driving force, while it is in contact with the lowest position driven spindle 202 to form stable support. Its sidewall is in contact with the brake detection roller 301 located in the middle. This 'high, medium, low' layout ensures the principle of drive priority and provides the best force transmission path for brake detection.

[0052] First, during use, the car is driven into the testing area, and the wheel to be tested is initially placed above the drive shaft 201 and the driven shaft 202. The hydraulic adjustment unit 103 is activated, and its piston rod is extended or retracted, thereby causing the two mounting plates 102 to move closer or further apart to precisely adjust the distance between the drive shaft 201 and the driven shaft 202 to adapt to the wheel track of the vehicle being tested. During the adjustment process, the pins 105 on the mounting plates 102 slide inside the slot plate 104. The limiting teeth made of flexible material on the outside of the pins 105 are squeezed by the limiting grooves on the inner wall of the slot plate 104, resulting in elastic deformation, making the sliding process smooth and without jamming. When the distance is adjusted to the correct position, the hydraulic adjustment unit 103 locks. At this time, the limiting teeth are fully engaged with the corresponding limiting grooves under their own elasticity, firmly locking the two mounting plates 102 and ensuring structural stability during the testing process.

[0053] Next, wheel drive and braking tests are performed. The rotary drive device 204 (servo motor) in drive unit 2 is started. Its output shaft drives the transmission gear B206 to rotate through transmission gear A205 and transmission chain A207, thereby causing the rotating shaft 215 and the drive main shaft 201 fixed thereon to rotate synchronously. The drive main shaft 201 drives the wheel under test to rotate by surface friction. The wheel then drives the driven main shaft 202 and its internal rotating shaft 222 to rotate accordingly. At this time, the vehicle is in a state of uniform speed simulated driving. The brake detection rollers 301 at the ends of the two independent connecting rods 302 of the detection unit 3, under their own weight or auxiliary pressure, interact with the wheel. The tire sidewall remains in contact. When the braking performance of the wheel needs to be tested, the driver presses the brake pedal to apply braking force to the wheel. During this process, the speed sensor integrated inside the brake detection roller 301 monitors the wheel speed change in real time, while the braking force sensor measures the tangential force transmitted to the detection roller through the tire when the wheel brakes. Based on the collected speed and braking force data, the control system calculates and analyzes key parameters such as the wheel braking force growth process, resistance force, and braking efficiency to complete the braking performance evaluation. After the test is completed, the rotary drive device 204 stops, the vehicle drives away, and the system can repeat the above adjustment and testing process according to the next vehicle specification.

[0054] When it is necessary to enhance the adhesion between the drive spindle 201 and the tire under test, the linear drive device 209 is activated, pushing the circular plate 210 to slide linearly along the outer surface of the rotating shaft 215. The circular plate 210, through the control linkage 211, drives the limiting block 212 and the control rod to move within the arc-shaped slide groove A. The control rod drives the two rotating rods 214 to slide closer to each other within the arc-shaped slide groove A, thereby driving the two symmetrically arranged inclined plates 213 to rotate synchronously outward with their rotating rods 214 as the axis. The inclined plate 213 protrudes obliquely from the adjustment groove of the drive spindle 201, forming a triangular protrusion structure on the cylindrical surface of the drive spindle 201. This protrusion structure embeds into the tire tread when the tire rotates, significantly increasing the friction coefficient between the drive spindle 201 and the tire, thereby enhancing the driving capability. When the protrusion structure is not needed, the linear drive device 209 moves in the opposite direction, the circular plate 210 resets, and under the action of the reset spring, the rotating rod 214 drives the inclined plate 213 to retract into the adjustment groove, so that the drive spindle 201 returns to a smooth cylindrical surface.

[0055] When a shallowly embedded hard object (such as a small stone) is present in the tire groove, the micro motor is activated, driving the transmission gear C216 to rotate and simultaneously driving the transmission tube 217 and the vertical connecting rod 219 to deflect. Since the pivot of the crescent plate 221 is located at its bottom near the center of the driven main shaft 202, and the guide groove on it extends from its initial position at the top to near the pivot, the motion relationship is as follows: the micro motor drives the vertical connecting rod 219 to swing around the axis of the pivot 222. When the vertical connecting rod 219 swings outward towards the driven main shaft 202, it pulls the sliding part through the drive shaft 220, causing the sliding part to move downward (i.e., towards the pivot of the crescent plate 221) within the guide groove of the crescent plate 221. This action acts on the crescent plate 221 through the sidewall of the groove. Due to the lever fulcrum of the pivot, the tip of the crescent plate 221 tilts outward around its pivot. When the vertical link 219 swings inward, it pushes the sliding part to move upward (i.e., away from the axis of rotation) in the guide groove, forcing the tip of the crescent plate 221 to retract inward, reducing the deflection angle until it is completely contained in the groove. The micro motor drives the vertical link 219 to swing outward to a set angle. Through this mechanism, the crescent plate 221 deflects outward from the groove and stabilizes at an inclination angle of 30° to 45°. In this state, as the tire is driven to rotate by the drive shaft 201, the driven shaft 202 rotates synchronously. The stabilized crescent plate 221 causes its tip to extend out of the groove and cut into the bottom of the tire groove. In the relative motion, it "scoops out" or "push out" shallow hard objects. During this process, the inclined plate 213 of the drive shaft 201 can bulge synchronously to provide greater driving torque and ensure stable tire speed.

[0056] If the shallow ejection mode fails to completely remove the hard object, the micro motor is controlled to drive the vertical linkage 219 to reciprocate within a small angle range. When the vertical linkage 219 swings outward more, the crescent plate 221 deflects outward more (the angle increases, such as to 70°), and its tip penetrates deeper into the groove. When the vertical linkage 219 swings inward more, the crescent plate 221 retracts inward (the angle decreases, such as back to 45°), using its inner arc to apply an outward "hooking" force to the hard object in the groove. This "deep-to-hooking" reciprocating action is repeated until the hard object is removed. The reciprocating frequency and swing amplitude of the micro motor can be adaptively adjusted. During this process, the tilting plate 213 of the drive spindle 201 can be raised synchronously to provide greater driving torque and ensure that the tire speed remains stable under the cleaning resistance.

[0057] When there are sticky substances (such as mud or gum) on the tire tread, the control system first activates the micro motor, driving the vertical connecting rod 219 to swing outward to its maximum working angle. This mechanism causes the crescent plate 221 to deflect to nearly 90°, ensuring its wide surface fits against the tire tread. This significantly increases the static friction between the driven spindle 202 and the tire. Simultaneously, the control system reduces the rotational speed of the drive spindle 201 and controls the linear drive device 209 to ensure that the inclined plate 213 on the drive spindle 201 only slightly protrudes or remains retracted. This effectively increases the transmission friction between the drive spindle 201 and the tire. When the friction force drops below the static friction force between the driven spindle 202 and the tire, relative slippage (slippage and idling) occurs between the drive spindle 201 and the tire. The rotational kinetic energy of the tire is mainly maintained by the friction force between the driven spindle 202 and the tire. During the idling process, the edge of the inclined plate 213 with tiny protrusions on its surface generates continuous scraping and shearing action on the local area of ​​the tire in contact with it, scraping off the sticky substances attached to the tire surface. The scraped substances fall off the tire surface under the action of centrifugal force, thereby realizing non-destructive mechanical cleaning of the tread deposits by using the speed difference.

[0058] It is worth noting that, in order to achieve an effective "scraping" action, the mechanical condition upon which this solution relies is that, in scraping mode, the effective static friction between the driven spindle 202 and the tire must be greater than the sliding friction between the driving spindle 201 and the tire. This system ensures that this condition is established and precisely controlled under normal operating conditions and conventional tire conditions through the following design:

[0059] Adjustable coefficient of friction: First, by controlling the crescent plate 221 to deflect to close to 90°, its wide surface is maximized to fit the tire tread, thereby increasing the coefficient of friction on the driven spindle 202 side to close to the physical upper limit of tire-rubber / metal contact.

[0060] Controllable driving side friction: Secondly, by precisely controlling the protrusion height of the inclined plate 213 on the drive spindle 201 through the linear drive device 209, the contact state between the drive spindle 201 and the tire can be precisely adjusted from "high adhesion" to "limited adhesion" or "low adhesion" state, thus artificially creating a controllable sliding friction threshold.

[0061] Force and speed coordinated control: The control unit synchronously coordinates the rotational speed of the rotary drive device 204 with the movement of the linear drive device 209. Reducing the rotational speed of the drive spindle 201 can reduce the traction force required for its slippage, further reducing the frictional force required to maintain sliding on the drive side;

[0062] Through the aforementioned triple-coordinated control strategy of "enhancing driven-side adhesion, precisely limiting driven-side adhesion, and reducing drive demand," the system can proactively construct and ensure that "driven-side static friction > driven-side sliding friction," thereby enabling the reliable slippage and scraping actions of the drive spindle 201 to be stably achieved. This design demonstrates that the system can maintain the robustness of the scraping function by adaptively adjusting parameters when facing different tire conditions (such as dry / wet, new / old).

[0063] It is worth noting that there are multiple crescent plates 221, and each crescent plate 221 can be connected to the same rotating shaft. Alternatively, the rotating shaft corresponding to the number of crescent plates 221 can be rotatably connected to the driven main shaft 202. Multiple crescent plates 221 are connected by the same drive shaft 220, and the number of drive shafts 220 is the same as the number of vertical connecting rods 219.

[0064] The present invention also provides a method for using a vehicle loading brake testing system, comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1. Drive the vehicle to be tested into the testing area, start the hydraulic adjustment unit 103, and control its piston rod to extend or retract to adjust the distance between the drive main shaft 201 and the driven main shaft 202. During the adjustment process, when the distance is adjusted to the right position, the hydraulic adjustment unit 103 is locked, and the limiting unit locks the two mounting plates 102.

[0066] S2. Start the drive unit 2 and drive the drive spindle 201 to rotate. The drive spindle 201 drives the wheel under test to rotate by surface friction. The wheel drives the driven spindle 202 to rotate accordingly. When the wheel is rotating, control the application of braking force to the wheel. During the braking process, the detection unit 3 collects braking data.

[0067] S3. After the braking test is completed, drive unit 2 stops and the vehicle drives away. Repeat steps S1 and S2 according to the specifications of the next vehicle to be inspected.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle loading braking test system, comprising a support unit (1), a drive unit (2), and a detection unit (3), characterized in that: The driving unit (2) and the detection unit (3) are both located inside the support unit (1), and the driving unit (2) can be used to drive the wheel under test to rotate. The support unit (1) includes two mounting shells (101), and each of the two mounting shells (101) is provided with a mounting horizontal plate (102) on the side close to each other. A limiting unit is provided between the two mounting horizontal plates (102), and a hydraulic adjustment unit (103) is provided on the side of the two mounting horizontal plates (102) close to the limiting unit. The drive unit (2) includes a drive spindle (201) and a driven spindle (202). The drive spindle (201) has a rotating shaft one (215) inside, and the driven spindle (202) has a rotating shaft two (222) inside. The left and right ends of the rotating shaft one (215) and the rotating shaft two (222) are rotatably connected to a fixed frame (208), and the bottom of the fixed frame (208) is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting shell (101). The outer surface of the drive spindle (201) is provided with an adjustment groove, and the interior of the adjustment groove is provided with symmetrically arranged inclined plates (213). The driven spindle (202) has a groove inside, and a crescent plate (221) is movably provided inside the groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided inside the crescent plate (221), and the crescent plate (221) is rotatably connected to the inside of the groove through the rotating shaft.

2. The vehicle loading braking test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (2) further includes a rotary drive device (204). The output end of the rotary drive device (204) is provided with a transmission gear A (205). The outer surface of the transmission gear A (205) is provided with a transmission chain A (207). The transmission gear A (205) is provided with a transmission gear B (206) through the transmission chain A (207). One side of the transmission gear B (206) is connected to the rotating shaft (215). The drive spindle (201) can drive the wheel under test to rotate.

3. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclined plate (213) is fixedly provided with a rotating rod (214) inside. Both ends of the drive shaft (201) are provided with arc-shaped sliding grooves A. The ends of the two rotating rods (214) are located inside the arc-shaped sliding grooves A. The rotating rods (214) are movably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped sliding grooves A. The inclined plate (213) and the rotating rods (214) can move and rotate inside the adjusting groove and the arc-shaped sliding grooves A.

4. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A control rod is hinged between the two inclined plates (213), and a limit block (212) is provided at the end of the control rod. A vertical slide is provided on the side of the drive spindle (201) near the arc-shaped slide A at both ends, and the vertical slide is located in the middle area of ​​the arc-shaped slide A. The limit block (212) and the control rod are slidably disposed inside the vertical slide. A control link (211) is rotatably connected to one side of the limit block (212). The end of the control link (211) away from the limit block (212) is rotatably connected to the circular plate (210). The circular plate (210) is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (215).

5. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circular plate (210) can slide linearly along the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (215). A linear drive device (209) is provided on the side of the circular plate (210) away from the control link (211). The linear drive device (209) can control the circular plate (210) to move laterally along the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (215). The linear drive device (209) is located inside the fixed frame (208), and a turntable is provided on the outside of the linear drive device (209). The turntable is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame (208). The turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating shaft (215). The end of the drive spindle (201) is provided with a mounting block (223), and a return spring is provided on one side of the mounting block (223). The end of the return spring away from the mounting block (223) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (214).

6. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the crescent plate (221) is adapted to the groove, and a drive shaft (220) is provided inside the side of the crescent plate (221) away from the rotating shaft. The interior of the crescent plate (221) is movably connected to the drive shaft (220). A guide groove is provided inside the crescent plate (221). The drive shaft (220) is movably disposed inside the guide groove. The guide groove is located between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft (220). A vertical connecting rod (219) is provided at the end of the drive shaft (220) away from the crescent plate (221). A rotating ring (218) is fixed at the end of the vertical connecting rod (219) away from the crescent plate (221). The inner diameter of the rotating ring (218) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (222).

7. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating ring (218) extends a transmission tube (217) on the side away from the vertical connecting rod (219). The transmission tube (217) has a toothed groove on the side away from the rotating ring (218), and a transmission gear C (216) is driven on the outside of the transmission tube (217). The transmission tube (217) and the transmission gear C (216) mesh with each other. The end of the rotating shaft (222) away from the transmission tube (217) is provided with a micro motor. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the transmission gear C (216). The micro motor is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft two (222), and the micro motor can drive the rotating ring (218) and the vertical connecting rod (219) to rotate along the outer surface of the rotating shaft two (222) through the transmission tube (217). The outer side of the transmission tube (217) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (208). The driven main shaft (202) is also provided with an arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft (220) is located inside the arc-shaped slide groove B. The drive shaft (220) can make arc-shaped movements and move inside the arc-shaped slide groove B under the rotation of the vertical connecting rod (219).

8. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit (3) includes an independent connecting rod (302). A brake detection roller (301) is provided at one end of the independent connecting rod (302) away from the fixed frame (208). The brake detection roller (301) is rotatably connected to the independent connecting rod (302). A braking force sensor and a speed sensor are provided inside the brake detection roller (301). The brake detection roller (301) can collect and detect the braking force data of the wheel under test through the cooperation of the braking force sensor and the speed sensor. The independent connecting rod (302) is located above the fixed frame (208). There are at least two independent connecting rods (302). The two independent connecting rods (302) are located at the left and right ends of the brake detection roller (301) respectively. The brake detection roller (301) is located between the drive shaft (201) and the driven shaft (202).

9. The vehicle loading brake testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting unit includes two symmetrically arranged pins (105) and a slot plate (104). The outer surface of the pins (105) is provided with multiple limiting teeth, and the inner wall of the slot plate (104) is provided with multiple limiting grooves that are adapted to the pins (105). The length and width of the pins (105) are adapted to the slot plate (104). When the pin (105) and the slot plate (104) are in a mutually inserted state, the multiple limiting teeth and the multiple limiting grooves in the slot plate (104) can always maintain a limiting state. The multiple limiting teeth are made of flexible material. When the pin (105) slides inside the slot plate (104), the multiple limiting teeth can gradually be deformed under the pressure of the multiple limiting grooves.

10. A method of using a vehicle loading brake testing system, comprising implementing it using the vehicle loading brake testing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Drive the vehicle to be tested into the testing area, start the hydraulic adjustment unit (103), and control its piston rod to extend or retract to adjust the distance between the drive spindle (201) and the driven spindle (202). During the adjustment process, when the distance is adjusted to the correct position, the hydraulic adjustment unit (103) is locked, and the limiting unit locks the two mounting plates (102). S2. Start the drive unit (2) to drive the drive spindle (201) to rotate. The drive spindle (201) drives the wheel under test to rotate by relying on surface friction. The wheel drives the driven spindle (202) to rotate accordingly. When the wheel is rotating, control the application of braking force to the wheel. During the braking process, the detection unit (3) collects braking data. S3. After the braking test is completed, the drive unit (2) stops and the vehicle drives away. According to the specifications of the next vehicle to be inspected, repeat steps S1 and S2.

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