Soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of soil sampling, and provides a soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research, the soil sampling device comprises a bearing disc, a ground contact plate and a sampling steel pipe, and the bearing disc is located right above the ground contact plate. According to the soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research provided by the scheme, a lifting motor, a bevel gear I, a lifting screw rod and a lifting sliding plate are matched with a guide column for guiding and limiting, so that mechanical operation of pressing and lifting a sampling steel pipe is realized, and a traditional manual hammering mode is replaced; the harm to the health of operators caused by violent physical activity in a plateau hypoxia environment is effectively avoided; by utilizing the synergistic effect of the impact force generated by the piling mechanism and the static pressure provided by the lifting screw rod, the soil breaking tooth pipe can effectively break hard surface soil and frozen soil layers of plateau wetlands, the efficiency and success rate of deep soil sampling are remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the device is light and can effectively reduce the influence on a test area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil sampling technology, and particularly relates to a soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research. Background Technology

[0002] The carbon and nitrogen cycles in ecosystems are the most core and important components of the Earth's material cycling and energy flow. Due to the burning of fossil fuels and agricultural fertilization, nitrogen accumulated in ecosystems leaks out in various forms during the cycle (Schlesinger 2009; Lu et al. 2011a), re-entering the surface ecosystem as nitrogen deposition, resulting in a series of ecological and environmental problems such as soil acidification, reduced biodiversity, and eutrophication of water bodies (Vitousek et al. 1997; Fu et al. 2020). The theory of ecological stoichiometry shows that carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in organisms and the environment are closely related, both in terms of composition ratio and interaction (Redfield 1958; Cleveland & Liptzin, 2007). Therefore, an increase in nitrogen input will have a significant impact on the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, as well as the structure and function of ecosystems.

[0003] To study wetland nitrogen, soil samples need to be taken from the experimental area. The current procedure is to collect and measure the total underground biomass and bury root growth bags before the experiment begins: each experimental plot is divided into four equal parts, and a steel pipe with an inner diameter of 5 cm and a length of 150 cm is randomly used to drill holes in the plot in each part. Samples are taken in three layers: 0-20 cm, 20-50 cm, and 50-100 cm. After the samples are washed, sieved, dried, and the underground biomass is measured.

[0004] To minimize the impact on the plateau region, large equipment is not easy to carry. Currently, the main method for driving steel pipes in is manual hammering, which is not only inefficient but also dangerous due to the impact on health caused by strenuous activity in the plateau region. Meanwhile, the easily portable sampling device with a soil-breaking auger structure is difficult to completely extract soil from different depths and is not suitable for the needs of this experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research, aiming to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the shovels currently used can easily damage the shape of food and affect its appearance when flipping it during frying.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research, comprising: a support plate, a contact plate, and a sampling steel pipe. The support plate is located directly above the contact plate. Two connecting guide posts are fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate and the top of the contact plate to connect them. The sampling steel pipe is placed between the support plate and the contact plate, and is positioned between the two connecting guide posts. The sampling steel pipe is parallel to the connecting guide posts and slides through the contact plate for insertion into the ground for sampling. A soil-breaking nozzle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sampling steel pipe for breaking the soil when the sampling steel pipe is inserted into the ground. The same lifting screw is rotatably installed on the support plate and the contact plate, and the lifting screw is connected to two... The connecting guide columns are arranged in parallel, and the same lifting slide plate is slidably installed on the two connecting guide columns. The lifting slide plate is located above the sampling steel pipe. The lifting slide plate is threaded onto the lifting screw so that the lifting screw drives the lifting slide plate to rise and fall. A power shell is fixedly installed on the lifting slide plate. The power shell is equipped with a piling mechanism. A connecting round seat is installed at the top of the sampling steel pipe. The top of the connecting round seat is movably connected to the bottom of the power shell so that the piling mechanism on the power shell drives the connecting round seat, the sampling steel pipe and the soil-breaking tooth pipe to gradually descend. A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the top of the bearing plate. A bevel gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the lifting motor and the top of the lifting screw. The two bevel gears mesh with each other.

[0007] Preferably, the contact floor is provided with a through hole, through which both the soil-breaking tube and the sampling steel tube can pass.

[0008] Preferably, at least two receiving openings are provided on the inner wall of the through hole, and an extension plate is slidably installed in each of the at least two receiving openings. An arc-shaped locking block is fixedly installed at one end of each of the at least two extension plates located on the sampling steel pipe. When the at least two arc-shaped locking blocks are in frictional contact with the sampling steel pipe, they are used to support the sampling steel pipe. At least two fixed-length bolts are installed on the top of the contact plate, and the ends of the at least two fixed-length bolts abut against the top of the at least two extension plates respectively, for positioning the extension plates and the arc-shaped locking blocks.

[0009] Preferably, a docking cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting round seat. The docking cylinder is inserted from the top of the sampling steel pipe, and the two are connected by connecting bolts. The diameter of the docking cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling steel pipe, and the bottom of the connecting round seat is attached to the top of the sampling steel pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the power housing is provided with a connecting groove, the power housing is provided with a power cavity above the connecting groove, the top of the connecting round seat is provided with a docking round groove, and the bottom of the power housing is slidably inserted into the docking round groove through the connecting groove, so that the power housing and the connecting round seat are movably connected. The lifting slide plate drives the power housing to descend and continuously provide downward pressure to the connecting round seat and the sampling steel pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the piling mechanism includes a piston plate slidably installed in the power chamber, a piston column slidably installed through the top inner wall of the connecting groove, the top end of the piston column extending into the power chamber and fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate, the bottom end of the piston column having a preparatory gap with the top of the connecting round seat, the preparatory gap being less than or equal to half the depth of the connecting round groove, a return spring being sleeved on the piston column, the top end of the return spring abutting against the bottom of the piston plate, and the bottom end abutting against the bottom inner wall of the power chamber, for resetting the piston plate and piston column, a power shaft being rotatably installed in the power chamber, the power shaft being located above the piston plate, a cam being fixedly sleeved on the power shaft, the outer edge of the cam contacting the top of the piston plate, the cam pushing the piston plate and piston column to a distance greater than the preparatory gap, so as to form a reciprocating striking on the top of the connecting round seat, a power motor being fixedly installed on one side of the power housing, a bevel gear II being fixedly installed on the output shaft of the power motor and one end of the power shaft, the two bevel gear II meshing to provide power to the power shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the piston plate has a pressure balance hole, the bearing plate has a clearance opening, and the power housing and the lifting motor can freely pass through the clearance opening.

[0013] Preferably, a controller is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, and the controller is connected to both the lifting motor and the power motor. A circular handle is fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate.

[0014] Preferably, foot pedals are fixedly installed on both sides of the contact floor for foot stability, and ground nails are fixedly installed at the bottom of the contact floor for insertion into the ground for stability.

[0015] As described above, the present invention also includes a method for operating a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Equipment preparation; Step 2: Sampling Operation; Step 3: Extract the soil.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, the soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects: Compared with existing technologies, the soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research provided in this solution achieves mechanized operation of pressing down and lifting the sampling steel pipe through the coordination of a lifting motor, bevel gear, lifting screw, and lifting slide plate with guide column. This replaces the traditional manual hammering method and effectively avoids the health hazards of strenuous physical activity to operators in the hypoxic environment of high altitude. The impact force generated by the pile driving mechanism and the static pressure provided by the lifting screw work together to enable the soil-breaking pipe to effectively break the relatively hard topsoil and permafrost layer of high-altitude wetlands, significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of deep soil sampling. At the same time, the device is relatively lightweight, which can effectively reduce the impact on the test area. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged structural diagram of part A shown in the figure; Figure 3 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research provided by the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged structural diagram of part B shown in the figure; Figure 5 for Figure 3 An enlarged structural diagram of section C shown in the figure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research provided by the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged structural diagram of part D shown in the figure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram of part E shown in the figure; Figure 9 for Figure 6 An enlarged structural diagram of part F shown in the figure; Figure 10 for Figure 9 An enlarged structural diagram of part G shown in the figure; Figure 11 for Figure 9 An enlarged structural diagram of section H shown in the figure; Figure 12 for Figure 9 An enlarged structural diagram of part I shown in the figure; Figure 13 A top-view sectional view of the distribution structure of the sampling steel pipe, steel wire, and arc-shaped retaining block; Figure 14A top-view 3D structural diagram of the lifting slide. Figure 15 A top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the lifting slide, power housing, and connecting round base; Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure shown from below; Figure 17 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston plate; Figure 18 A top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly for connecting the circular base; Figure 19 A top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the power shell; Figure 20 This is a side sectional view of the dynamic shell.

[0018] Attached reference numerals: 1. Bearing plate; 2. Contact plate; 3. Sampling steel pipe; 4. Connecting guide column; 5. Soil-breaking toothed pipe; 6. Lifting screw; 7. Lifting slide plate; 8. Power housing; 9. Connecting round seat; 10. Lifting motor; 11. Bevel gear one; 12. Pipe hole; 13. Storage port; 14. Extension plate; 15. Arc-shaped locking block; 16. Fixed length bolt; 17. Connecting cylinder; 18. Connecting bolt; 19. Power chamber; 20. Connecting groove; 21. Connecting round groove; 22. Piston plate; 23. Piston column; 24. Return spring; 25. Power shaft; 26. Cam; 27. Power motor; 28. Bevel gear two; 29. ​​Air pressure balance hole; 30. Clearance opening; 31. Control 32. Circular handle; 33. Foot pedal; 34. Ground stake; 35. Limiting plate; 36. Height-setting bolt; 38. Annular assembly groove; 39. Spring anti-deviation column; 40. Slip ring; 41. Butt retaining spring; 42. Bevel gear ring; 43. Shaft seat; 44. Driven shaft; 45. Bevel gear three; 46. Circular pinion; 47. Through-hole one; 48. Through-hole two; 49. Power transmission shaft; 50. Circular large gear; 51. Circular power gear; 52. Rack; 53. Avoidance opening; 54. Rope winding groove; 55. Rope threading hole; 56. Steel wire; 57. Hand pull ring; 58. Contraction groove; 59. Elastic sheet; 60. Arc-shaped retaining block; 61. Arc-shaped guide groove; 62. Air hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] This invention provides a soil sampling device and method for wetland nitrogen research, such as... Figure 1-20 As shown, the soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research includes: a support plate 1, a contact plate 2, and a sampling steel pipe 3. The support plate 1 is located directly above the contact plate 2. Two connecting guide posts 4 are fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate 1 and the top of the contact plate 2 to connect them. The sampling steel pipe 3 is placed between the support plate 1 and the contact plate 2, and is located between the two connecting guide posts 4. The sampling steel pipe 3 is parallel to the connecting guide posts 4. The sampling steel pipe 3 slides through the contact plate 2 for insertion into the ground for sampling. A soil-breaking nozzle 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sampling steel pipe 3 for breaking the soil when the sampling steel pipe 3 is inserted into the ground. The same lifting screw 6 is rotatably installed on the support plate 1 and the contact plate 2. The lifting screw 6 is parallel to the two connecting guide posts 4. The same lifting slide plate 7 is slidably installed on the two connecting guide columns 4. The lifting slide plate 7 is located above the sampling steel pipe 3. The lifting slide plate 7 is threaded onto the lifting screw 6 so that the lifting screw 6 drives the lifting slide plate 7 to rise and fall. A power shell 8 is fixedly installed on the lifting slide plate 7. A piling mechanism is provided on the power shell 8. A connecting round seat 9 is installed at the top of the sampling steel pipe 3. The top of the connecting round seat 9 is movably connected to the bottom of the power shell 8 so that the piling mechanism on the power shell 8 drives the connecting round seat 9, the sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil-breaking tooth pipe 5 to gradually descend. A lifting motor 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the bearing plate 1. A bevel gear 11 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the lifting motor 10 and the top of the lifting screw 6. The two bevel gears 11 mesh with each other.

[0021] In this embodiment, during use, the entire device is positioned at the target sampling point, ensuring the bottom surface of the contact plate 2 is in contact with the ground to form a stable support. The lifting motor 10 is started, driving the lifting screw 6 to rotate via the bevel gear 11, which in turn drives the lifting slide plate 7 to move downwards linearly along the connecting guide column 4. The lifting slide plate 7 drives the power housing 8 to descend synchronously, and its built-in piling mechanism generates a vertical impact force that acts on the connecting round seat 9, driving the sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil-breaking drill pipe 5 downwards into the soil. Simultaneously, the continuous rotation of the lifting screw 6 provides stable downward pressure, causing the soil-breaking drill pipe 5 to cut and break through the soil. The sampling steel pipe 3 is gradually penetrated into the soil layer to a predetermined depth, and the soil enters the sampling steel pipe 3 to form an undisturbed soil column. After sampling, the sampling steel pipe 3 and the connecting round seat 9 are tied with ropes, and at the same time tied to the lifting slide plate 7, while maintaining a certain degree of looseness. Then, the device is shaken to loosen the soil. Finally, the output shaft of the lifting motor 10 is started to reverse and lift and reset, so that the sampling steel pipe 3 carrying the internal soil is extracted from the ground. During this process, the device can be slightly tilted to improve the sampling effect. The sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil-breaking tooth pipe 5 are vertically lifted and pulled out as a whole to obtain deep soil samples.

[0022] This device utilizes a mechanical transmission system consisting of a lifting motor 10, a bevel gear 11, a lifting screw 6, and a lifting slide plate 7. Combined with the guiding and limiting function of the connecting guide column 4, it achieves mechanized operation of pressing down and lifting the sampling steel pipe 3, replacing the traditional manual hammering method. This effectively avoids the health hazards of strenuous physical activity to operators in the hypoxic environment of high altitudes. The impact force generated by the pile driving mechanism and the static pressure provided by the lifting screw 6 work together to effectively break up the relatively hard topsoil and permafrost layer of the high-altitude wetland using the breaking drill pipe 5, significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of deep soil sampling. The reference support formed by the contact plate 2 and the ground, combined with the limiting and guiding function of the lifting slide plate 7 by the connecting guide column 4, ensures that the sampling steel pipe 3 remains vertical during penetration, preventing drill bit deviation. This guarantees the integrity of the soil column and the accuracy of stratified sampling, meeting the requirements for collecting undisturbed soil samples in wetland ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycle research. Furthermore, the device is lightweight, effectively reducing its impact on the experimental area.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a through-hole 12 is provided on the contact floor 2, through which both the soil-breaking toothed tube 5 and the sampling steel tube 3 can pass.

[0024] In this embodiment, when in use, the device is prepared by tilting it and manually inserting the sampling steel pipe 3 through the through hole 12 of the contact floor 2, so that the soil-breaking tooth pipe 5 is at the bottom. Then, the connecting round seat 9 is installed on the top of the sampling steel pipe 3. Subsequently, the entire device is placed at the target sampling point so that the bottom surface of the contact floor 2 is in contact with the ground to form a stable support. At this time, the through hole 12 is directly facing the center of the sampling point. This embodiment provides a positioning function for the installation of the excavation pipe 5 and the sampling steel pipe 3 by opening a through hole 12 on the contact floor 2.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two receiving openings 13 are provided on the inner wall of the through hole 12, and an extension plate 14 is slidably installed in each of the at least two receiving openings 13. An arc-shaped locking block 15 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the at least two extension plates 14 located on the sampling steel pipe 3. When the at least two arc-shaped locking blocks 15 are in frictional contact with the sampling steel pipe 3, they are used to support the sampling steel pipe 3. At least two fixed-length bolts 16 are installed on the top of the contact plate 2, and the ends of the at least two fixed-length bolts 16 respectively abut against the top of the at least two extension plates 14 to position the extension plates 14 and the arc-shaped locking blocks 15.

[0026] In this embodiment, during use, the screwing depth of at least two fixed-length bolts 16 is adjusted according to the outer diameter specification of the sampling steel pipe 3. At least two extension plates 14 are pushed to slide along the receiving opening 13 towards the center of the through hole 12, causing at least two arc-shaped clamping blocks 15 to move inward synchronously and fit tightly against the outer wall of the sampling steel pipe 3. The position of the extension plates 14 is then locked by the contact action between the ends of the fixed-length bolts 16 and the tops of the extension plates 14, achieving radial clamping and positioning of the sampling steel pipe 3. This ensures that the friction between the arc-shaped clamping blocks 15 and the sampling steel pipe 3 is sufficient to prevent it from sliding freely, but it will gradually move downward when pressed or impacted, thus achieving stable guiding of the sliding sampling steel pipe 3. This preferred embodiment achieves the adaptation function of the sampling steel pipe 3 by setting an adjustable clamping mechanism consisting of a receiving port 13, an extension plate 14, an arc-shaped locking block 15, and a fixed-length bolt 16 on the inner wall of the pipe hole 12. The frictional contact between the arc-shaped locking block 15 and the outer wall of the sampling steel pipe 3 forms a continuous sliding guide surface, providing stable radial support throughout the entire process of the sampling steel pipe 3's penetration and extraction. This effectively suppresses vibration and displacement caused by changes in soil resistance during deep sampling, significantly improving the verticality of the sampling steel pipe 3 and the integrity of the soil column. The contact locking structure between the fixed-length bolt 16 and the top of the extension plate 14 simplifies the fixing operation of the clamping state, avoids the use of complex locking mechanisms, and reduces the overall weight of the device while ensuring positioning reliability, making it more suitable for field transport and rapid deployment in plateau wetlands. The adjustable clamping mechanism works in conjunction with the supporting effect of the contact plate 2, enabling the sampling steel pipe 3 to obtain precise guidance and multi-point support in the initial stage of penetration, reducing the lateral load on the connecting guide column 4 and the lifting slide plate 7, and extending the service life of the device.

[0027] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a docking cylinder 17 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting round seat 9. The docking cylinder 17 is inserted from the top end of the sampling steel pipe 3, and the two are connected by a connecting bolt 18. The diameter of the docking cylinder 17 is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling steel pipe 3, and the bottom of the connecting round seat 9 is attached to the top end of the sampling steel pipe 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, during installation, the docking cylinder 17 is aligned with the top opening of the sampling steel pipe 3 and inserted, so that the outer wall of the docking cylinder 17 fits tightly with the inner wall of the sampling steel pipe 3. At the same time, the bottom end face of the connecting round seat 9 is completely attached to the top face of the sampling steel pipe 3. Then, the docking cylinder 17 and the sampling steel pipe 3 are fastened together by the connecting bolts 18 to form a rigid whole. By setting a docking cylinder 17 at the bottom of the connecting round seat 9 and using connecting bolts 18 to achieve a detachable rigid connection with the sampling steel pipe 3, a double positioning structure is formed by the precise fit between the outer diameter of the docking cylinder 17 and the inner diameter of the sampling steel pipe 3, and the fit between the bottom surface of the connecting round seat 9 and the top end face of the sampling steel pipe 3. This ensures the coaxiality and stability of power transmission, effectively avoids the eccentric load generated by the impact force of the piling mechanism during transmission, and prevents the sampling steel pipe 3 from bending deformation or pipe wall damage due to uneven stress. This significantly improves the structural integrity and service life of the sampling steel pipe 3 during deep penetration. The detachable connection method makes it easy to remove the sampling steel pipe 3 filled with soil sample for sample processing after sampling, improving the flexibility and efficiency of field operations.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting groove 20 is provided at the bottom of the power housing 8, a power cavity 19 is provided above the connecting groove 20, a docking groove 21 is provided at the top of the connecting round seat 9, and the bottom of the power housing 8 is slidably inserted into the docking groove 21 through the connecting groove 20, so that the power housing 8 and the connecting round seat 9 are movably connected. The lifting slide plate 7 drives the power housing 8 to descend and continuously provide downward pressure to the connecting round seat 9 and the sampling steel pipe 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, during use, the bottom of the power housing 8 is aligned with the top of the connecting round seat 9, so that the connecting groove 20 is aligned with the mating round groove 21 and slidably inserted, thereby realizing the movable sleeve connection between the power housing 8 and the connecting round seat 9. At this time, the bottom surface of the power housing 8 and the top surface of the connecting round seat 9 form a separable contact fit. By setting a connecting groove 20 at the bottom of the power housing 8 and forming a sliding insertion movable connection with the mating groove 21 at the top of the connecting round seat 9, the synergistic function of power transmission and displacement compensation is realized. This allows the power housing 8 to continuously provide stable downward pressure to the connecting round seat 9 and the sampling steel pipe 3 during descent, and to drive the sampling steel pipe 3 to gradually penetrate through the intermittent impact force generated by the piling mechanism. At the same time, it allows the sampling steel pipe 3 to undergo axial displacement relative to the power housing 8 during impact penetration, avoiding structural interference caused by rigid connection. The movable connection method allows for a smooth connection between the power housing 8 and the connecting round seat 9. The modular structure allows for quick separation, facilitating the individual replacement or maintenance of the sampling steel pipe 3 after sampling, thus improving the flexibility of field operations and the maintainability of the device. The sliding fit between the connecting groove 20 and the docking groove 21 provides both circumferential limiting and axial guidance, ensuring that the impact force and downward pressure are transmitted along the center axis of the sampling steel pipe 3, preventing skewing during power transmission, and significantly improving the vertical penetration accuracy of the sampling steel pipe 3 and the integrity of the soil column sample. The vertical arrangement of the power chamber 19 and the connecting groove 20 achieves spatial separation of power generation and power transmission.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piling mechanism includes a piston plate 22 slidably mounted in the power chamber 19, a piston column 23 slidably mounted through the top inner wall of the connecting groove 20, the top end of the piston column 23 extending into the power chamber 19 and fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 22, the bottom end of the piston column 23 having a preparatory gap with the top of the connecting round seat 9, the preparatory gap being less than or equal to half the depth of the mating round groove 21, and a return spring 24 sleeved on the piston column 23, the top end of the return spring 24 abutting against the bottom of the piston plate 22, and the bottom end abutting against the bottom inner wall of the power chamber 19, for resetting the piston plate 22. A power shaft 25 is rotatably mounted inside the power chamber 19, along with the piston column 23. The power shaft 25 is located above the piston plate 22. A cam 26 is fixedly sleeved on the power shaft 25. The outer edge of the cam 26 contacts the top of the piston plate 22. The cam 26 pushes the piston plate 22 and piston column 23 to a distance greater than the preparatory gap, so as to form a reciprocating impact on the top of the connecting round seat 9. A power motor 27 is fixedly mounted on one side of the power housing 8. A bevel gear 28 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the power motor 27 and one end of the power shaft 25. The two bevel gears 28 mesh to provide power to the power shaft 25.

[0032] In this embodiment, during use, the bottom of the power housing 8 is slidably inserted into the mating groove 21 on the top of the connecting seat 9 through the connecting groove 20, so that a preparatory gap is formed between the bottom end of the piston rod 23 and the top of the connecting seat 9. At this time, the bottom surface of the power housing 8 contacts the bottom inner wall of the mating groove 21, and the descent of the lifting slide plate 7 provides continuous downward pressure to the connecting seat 9. The power motor 27 is started, and the power shaft 25 and cam 26 are driven to rotate through the bevel gear 28. When the flange of the cam 26 rotates to the lower position, it pushes the piston plate 22 to slide downward, compresses the return spring 24, and drives the piston rod 23 to move downward. The bottom end of the piston rod 23 passes through the top inner wall of the connecting groove 20 and strikes the top of the connecting seat 9, generating an impact driving force. The flange of the cam 26 rotates away from the top inner wall of the connecting groove 20. When the piston is at its lowest point, the return spring 24 releases its elastic potential energy to push the piston plate 22 upward to reset, causing the piston column 23 to retract and separate from the top of the connecting round seat 9 to form a preparatory gap. The cam 26 continues to rotate, causing the piston column 23 to perform a reciprocating striking motion, which, together with the lifting slide plate 7, drives the power shell 8 to continue to descend, achieving a synergistic effect of impact penetration and continuous downward pressure. The lifting motor 10 is started, which drives the lifting screw 6 to rotate through the bevel gear 11, causing the lifting slide plate 7 and the power shell 8 to descend synchronously. The power shell 8 continuously presses down on the connecting round seat 9 through the cooperation of the connecting groove 20 and the docking round groove 21. At the same time, the piston column 23 of the piling mechanism reciprocates to strike the top of the connecting round seat 9, driving the sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil-breaking tooth pipe 5 to gradually penetrate into the soil to the predetermined depth.

[0033] This embodiment utilizes a cam-driven impact piling mechanism comprised of a power motor 27, a bevel gear 28, a power shaft 25, a cam 26, a piston plate 22, a piston column 23, and a return spring 24. This mechanism converts rotational motion into linear reciprocating impact motion. The contour curve of the cam 26 precisely controls the impact stroke and frequency of the piston column 23, ensuring that the impact displacement is greater than the preparatory gap to generate effective impact. Simultaneously, the return spring 24 enables the piston column 23 to retract rapidly, creating a high-frequency reciprocating impact effect. The preparatory gap ensures that the piston column 23 disengages from the connecting seat 9 during the retraction phase, guaranteeing sufficient acceleration stroke before each impact to generate sufficient impact kinetic energy. The coordinated operation of the cam impact and the drive lifting mechanism achieves a combined effect of impact penetration and continuous static pressure. The impact effectively breaks up the hard soil and permafrost layers in the plateau wetlands, while the continuous downward pressure ensures that the sampling steel pipe 3 maintains a stable penetration trend during the impact interval, significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of deep soil sampling.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston plate 22 is provided with a pressure balance hole 29, the bearing plate 1 is provided with a clearance opening 30, and the power housing 8 and the lifting motor 10 can freely pass through the clearance opening 30.

[0035] In this embodiment, by opening a pressure balance hole 29 on the piston plate 22, the communication function between the upper and lower air chambers of the piston plate 22 in the power chamber 19 is realized. During the reciprocating motion of the piston plate 22, air is allowed to flow freely, effectively eliminating the air resistance effect caused by air compression or vacuum adsorption, ensuring that the piston plate 22 can respond to the contour change of the cam 26 at high speed, and improving the impact frequency and energy output efficiency of the piling mechanism.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a controller 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 1. The controller 31 is connected to both the lifting motor 10 and the power motor 27. A circular handle 32 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting a controller 31 on the top of the carrying plate 1 and realizing electrical connection with the lifting motor 10 and the power motor 27, the dual-motor integrated control function of the sampling device is realized. The operator can control the lifting drive and impact drive systems synchronously or separately through a single controller 31, which simplifies the operation process in the hypoxic environment of the plateau, reduces the cognitive load and physical consumption of the operator, and significantly improves the convenience and safety of field operations. By fixing a circular handle 32 on the outside of the carrying plate 1, an ergonomic grip is provided for the operator, which is convenient for carrying and positioning the device in the complex terrain of the plateau wetland. The circular design avoids damage to the operator's hands from the sharp corners, and also facilitates the joint lifting and transportation by multiple people.

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, foot pedals 33 are fixedly installed on both sides of the ground floor 2 for foot stability, and ground nails 34 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the ground floor 2 for insertion into the ground for stability.

[0039] In this embodiment, during use, the operator moves the entire device to the target sampling point, so that the bottom surface of the contact floor 2 is initially in contact with the ground, and the tip of the ground nail 34 contacts the ground. The operator steps on the foot pedal 33, using their body weight to press the ground nail 34 into the ground, so that the bottom surface of the contact floor 2 is tightly in contact with the ground to form a stable support. After the ground nail 34 is inserted into the soil layer, it generates anti-slip and anti-overturning resistance, fixing the spatial position of the contact floor 2. During the penetration of the sampling steel pipe 3, the ground nail 34 penetrates deep into the soil layer to anchor the contact floor 2, preventing the contact floor 2 from moving upward or horizontally due to soil reaction force. The foot pedal 33 provides the operator with a continuous force application point, and can be stepped on and pressurized at any time according to the changes in penetration resistance to maintain the stable posture of the contact floor 2.

[0040] By setting foot pedals 33 on both sides of the contact floor 2, an ergonomic force application platform is provided for the operator, allowing the operator to use their own weight rather than arm strength to fix the device, which significantly reduces physical exertion in the hypoxic environment of the plateau and avoids the impact of strenuous activity on physical health, ensuring that the contact floor 2 is always in close contact with the ground. The fixed connection between the ground spikes 34 and the bottom of the contact floor 2 forms a mechanical anchoring structure. The synergistic effect of the foot pedals 33 and the ground spikes 34 realizes the human-machine collaborative fixing function. The foot pedals 33 facilitate quick deployment and fine-tuning of position, while the ground spikes 34 provide long-term stable anchoring force. The combination of the two enables the device to adapt to different strata conditions such as soft meadows and peat swamps in plateau wetlands, ensuring that the sampling steel pipe 3 maintains verticality and penetration continuity during deep penetration.

[0041] To further improve the performance of this device, in addition to the above-mentioned solutions, this solution also includes the following embodiments: In another embodiment of the present invention, a limiting plate 35 is slidably sleeved on the sampling steel pipe 3 to limit the insertion depth of the sampling steel pipe 3. A height fixing bolt 36 is installed on the limiting plate 35, and the end of the height fixing bolt 36 abuts against the outside of the sampling steel pipe 3 to fix the position of the height limiting plate 35 on the sampling steel pipe 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, during use, according to the target sampling depth, the limiting disk 35 is slid along the outer wall of the sampling steel pipe 3 to a predetermined height position, and the height setting bolt 36 is tightened so that its end is in close contact with the outer wall of the sampling steel pipe 3. The relative position of the limiting disk 35 and the sampling steel pipe 3 is locked by friction, so as to achieve precise preset of the sampling depth.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present invention, an annular assembly groove 38 is provided on the outside of the connecting circular seat 9. Multiple spring anti-deviation posts 39 are fixedly installed on the top and bottom inner walls of the annular assembly groove 38. A common slip ring 40 is slidably sleeved on each of the multiple spring anti-deviation posts 39. The inner wall of the slip ring 40 is in slidable contact with the inner wall of the annular assembly groove 38. A mating retaining spring 41 is slidably sleeved on each of the multiple spring anti-deviation posts 39, and the top ends of the multiple mating retaining springs 41 are all in contact with the slip ring 40. The bottom of the ring 40 contacts the inner wall of the annular assembly groove 38, which is used to accommodate the displacement of the connecting seat 9 caused by the continuous hammering of the piston rod 23. A bevel gear ring 42 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the slip ring 40. A bearing seat 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting slide plate 7. A driven shaft 44 is rotatably installed on the bearing seat 43. A bevel gear 45 is fixedly installed at one end of the driven shaft 44 located on the connecting seat 9. The bevel gear 45 meshes with the bevel gear ring 42 to drive the connecting seat. The circular base 9, the docking cylinder 17, the sampling steel pipe 3, and the soil-breaking toothed pipe 5 rotate. A small circular gear 46 is fixedly installed at the other end of the driven shaft 44. The lifting slide plate 7 has a through-hole 47 and a through-hole 48. The same power transmission shaft 49 is rotatably installed inside both through-holes 47 and 48. A large circular gear 50 is fixedly installed at one end of the power transmission shaft 49 located inside through-hole 48, and a large circular power gear 51 is fixedly installed at the other end located inside through-hole 47. Gear 50 meshes with a small circular gear 46 to drive the driven shaft 44 to rotate via the power transmission shaft 49. A rack 52 is installed through the through-hole 47. The top end of the rack 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bearing plate 1, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the top of the contact plate 2. The rack 52 is located on the side of the circular power gear 51 and meshes with it to drive the power transmission shaft 49 to rotate when the lifting slide plate 7 is raised and lowered. The lifting slide plate 7 has an avoidance opening 53 to avoid the bevel gear 45.

[0044] In this embodiment, during use, the bottom of the power housing 8 is slidably inserted into the mating groove 21 on the top of the connecting round seat 9 via the connecting groove 20. At this time, the bevel gear 3 45 and the bevel gear ring 42 are in a meshing state. Under the pressure of the bevel gear 3 45, the slip ring 40 is held in the middle position of the annular assembly groove 38 by the preload of the mating retaining spring 41. The lifting motor 10 is started to drive the lifting screw 6 to rotate, which drives the lifting slide plate 7 to descend. During the descent of the lifting slide plate 7, the circular power gear 51 meshes with the fixed rack 52 to generate rotation, which is transmitted through the power transmission shaft 49, the large circular gear 50, the small circular gear 46, the driven shaft 44 and the bevel gear 3 45 to drive the bevel gear 42 to rotate. The bevel gear ring 42 and slip ring 40 rotate, which in turn drives the connecting round seat 9, the docking cylinder 17, the sampling steel pipe 3, and the soil-breaking toothed tube 5 to rotate synchronously. When the piston column 23 hammers the connecting round seat 9, the connecting round seat 9 is pressed down and moves downward. Under the rebound action of the docking retaining spring 41, the slip ring 40 slides up along the spring anti-deviation column 39. The bevel gear 3 45 and the bevel gear ring 42 remain meshed and continue to transmit torque. When the piston column 23 retracts, the docking retaining spring 41 is compressed and the connecting round seat 9 is reset, forming a compound motion of rotation and impact. The soil-breaking toothed tube 5 penetrates into the soil under the synergistic action of rotational cutting and impact crushing. The sampling steel pipe 3 rotates and moves down to the predetermined depth, and the soil enters the interior of the sampling steel pipe 3.

[0045] In another embodiment, a gear and rack transmission mechanism consisting of a rack 52, a circular power gear 51, a power transmission shaft 49, a large circular gear 50, a small circular gear 46, a driven shaft 44, a bevel gear 45, and a bevel gear ring 42 converts the linear motion of the lifting slide plate 7 into the rotational motion of the connecting round seat 9, realizing the automatic rotation function of the sampling steel pipe 3 during the penetration process without the need for an additional rotation drive motor. The rotational cutting action of the soil breaking tube 5 and the impact hammering action of the piston column 23 form a composite rock breaking mechanism. The rotational cutting effectively reduces the frictional resistance of the soil to the soil breaking tube 5 and cuts and breaks the soil, while the impact action provides instantaneous high stress to break hard soil layers. The two work together to significantly improve the penetration efficiency of frozen soil layers and dense soil layers in plateau wetlands. The floating connection structure, consisting of slip ring 40, spring anti-deviation column 39, docking retaining spring 41, and annular assembly groove 38, enables the bevel gear ring 42 to maintain meshing with the bevel gear 45 during the axial reciprocating motion of the connecting round seat 9 caused by the hammering of the piston column 23, ensuring the continuity of torque transmission. The reduction and torque amplification transmission ratio design of the large circular gear 50 and the small circular gear 46 converts the low-speed linear motion of the lifting slide plate 7 into a suitable rotational speed of the connecting round seat 9, ensuring optimized matching between the rotational cutting speed and the penetration speed. The opening of the avoidance port 53 avoids motion interference between the lifting slide plate 7 and the bevel gear 45, and the arrangement of the first through port 47 and the second through port 48 realizes cross-space support for the power transmission shaft 49. The rotational sampling method changes the friction between the inner wall of the sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil from static friction to dynamic friction, reducing the resistance to pipe extraction. At the same time, the rotational penetration reduces the compaction disturbance to the soil column, improving the representativeness and sampling quality of the undisturbed soil sample, and providing a reliable sample guarantee for the accurate analysis of soil carbon and nitrogen cycle in wetland nitrogen research.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, a rope-retracting groove 54 is provided on the bottom inner wall of the sampling steel pipe 3, and a rope-passing hole 55 is provided on the top inner wall of the rope-retracting groove 54. One end of the rope-passing hole 55 is passed through one side of the top end of the sampling steel pipe 3. A steel wire 56 is stored in the rope-retracting groove 54. One end of the steel wire 56 is fixedly connected to one side inner wall of the rope-retracting groove 54, and the other end passes through the rope-passing hole 55 and exits the sampling steel pipe 3 and is fixedly installed with a hand pull ring 57, so that when the hand pull ring 57 is pulled, the steel wire 56 is tightened, thereby cutting off the bottom end of the mud column in the sampling steel pipe 3.

[0047] In this embodiment, during use, the steel wire 56 is stored in the rope-retracting groove 54. The fixed end of the steel wire 56 is connected to the inner wall of the rope-retracting groove 54, and the free end passes through the rope-threading hole 55 to the top of the sampling steel pipe 3 and is connected to the hand-pulling ring 57 to ensure that the steel wire 56 does not affect the normal penetration of the sampling steel pipe 3. When the sampling steel pipe 3 and the soil-breaking toothed pipe 5 rotate and impact to penetrate the soil to the predetermined depth, the soil enters the interior of the sampling steel pipe 3 to form an original mud column. The bottom end of the mud column extends to the bottom of the rope-retracting groove 54. The operator holds the hand-pulling ring 57 and pulls the steel wire 56 outward. The steel wire 56 slides along the rope-threading hole 55 and is pulled out from the rope-retracting groove 54. The taut steel wire 56 cuts the mud column at the bottom of the sampling steel pipe 3 laterally, so that the bottom end of the mud column is completely separated from the soil below. Then, the connecting round seat 9 is lifted to pull the sampling steel pipe 3 out of the ground. The mud column is more easily removed along with the sampling steel pipe 3. After each use, the steel wire 56 can be manually reset at the bottom.

[0048] By opening a rope-reeling groove 54 and a rope-threading hole 55 on the inner wall of the bottom of the sampling steel pipe 3, and configuring a bottom-end cutting mechanism consisting of a steel wire 56 and a hand-pulled ring 57, the precise cutting function of the bottom end of the mud column in deep soil sampling is realized, which solves the problems of tube pulling difficulties, soil column breakage or bottom end mixing caused by the adhesion between the bottom end of the mud column and the lower soil layer in the traditional sampling method.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of contraction grooves 58 are provided on the bottom inner wall of the rope take-up groove 54. Elastic sheets 59 are fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of each of the plurality of contraction grooves 58, and arc-shaped retaining blocks 60 are fixedly installed on the top of each of the plurality of elastic sheets 59. The arc-shaped retaining blocks 60 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the contraction grooves 58, and their top ends extend into the rope take-up groove 54 to limit the steel wire 56. When the steel wire 56 is tightened, it abuts against the arc-shaped retaining block 60 and contracts into the elastic sheet 59. After the steel wire 56 is released, the arc-shaped retaining block 60 is reset under the action of the elastic sheet 59. The arc-shaped retaining block 60 extends to the height of the rope take-up groove 54 at 1 / 3 of the diameter of the steel wire 56. Both sides of the multiple arc-shaped retaining blocks 60 have arc-shaped guide grooves 61. The curvature of the arc-shaped guide grooves 61 is adapted to the curvature of the steel wire 56 to ensure that the steel wire 56 slides out smoothly when tightened and to ensure that the steel wire 56 is reinserted into the rope take-up groove 54. The sampling steel pipe 3 is provided with air holes 62.

[0050] In this embodiment, the steel wire 56 is pressed into the rope take-up groove 54 along the arc-shaped guide groove 61 of the arc-shaped retaining block 60. The top of the arc-shaped retaining block 60 protrudes from the bottom surface of the rope take-up groove 54, forming a radial limit on the steel wire 56 to prevent it from accidentally slipping out due to vibration or soil friction during the insertion of the sampling steel pipe 3. The elastic sheet 59 provides the reset support force for the arc-shaped retaining block 60. After sampling, the operator holds the hand pull ring 57 and pulls the steel wire 56 outward. The steel wire 56 slides along the arc-shaped guide groove 61 and abuts against the top of the arc-shaped retaining block 60. The arc-shaped retaining block 60 is pressed downward and displaces to compress the elastic sheet 59, shrinking into the shrinkage groove 58. The steel wire 56 smoothly slides out of the rope take-up groove 54 and cuts the bottom of the mud column laterally. During reset, the steel wire 56 is reinserted into the rope take-up groove 54 along the arc-shaped guide groove 61. The arc-shaped retaining block 60 resets and protrudes under the elastic force of the elastic sheet 59, limiting the steel wire 56 again.

[0051] In summary, compared with related technologies, this device, through the coordination of the lifting motor 10, bevel gear 11, lifting screw 6, and lifting slide plate 7 with the guide limit of the connecting guide column 4, realizes the mechanized operation of pressing down and lifting the sampling steel pipe 3, replacing the traditional manual hammering method, and effectively avoiding the harm to the health of operators caused by strenuous physical activity in the hypoxic environment of the plateau; by utilizing the impact force generated by the pile driving mechanism and the static pressure provided by the lifting screw 6, the soil breaking pipe 5 can effectively break the relatively hard topsoil and frozen soil layer of the plateau wetland, significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of deep soil sampling. At the same time, this device is relatively lightweight, which can effectively reduce the impact on the test area.

[0052] As described above, the present invention also includes a method for operating a soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Device preparation. Tilt the device and manually insert the sampling steel pipe 3 through the through hole 12 of the contact plate 2, so that the soil-breaking tooth pipe 5 is at the bottom. Then, install the connecting round seat 9 on the top of the sampling steel pipe 3, so that the docking cylinder 17 is inserted into the top of the sampling steel pipe 3 and fixed with the connecting bolt 18. Then, adjust the docking round groove 21 at the top of the connecting round seat 9 to fit into the bottom of the power shell 8. Finally, loosen the fixed length bolt 16 and pull the extension plate 14 so that the arc-shaped locking block 15 is locked on the outside of the sampling steel pipe 3, ensuring that the sampling steel pipe 3 will not slip freely under gravity. Step Two: Sampling Operation. Erect the device so that the contact floor 2 and the soil-breaking pipe 5 face the ground. Place both feet on the foot pedal 33, drive the ground nails 34 into the ground, align the soil-breaking pipe 5 with the sampling ground. Loosen the length fixing bolt 16 and adjust the tightness of the arc-shaped locking block 15 on the sampling steel pipe 3. The arc-shaped locking block 15 provides stable guidance for the descent and ascent of the sampling steel pipe 3. Then, operate the controller 31 to simultaneously start the lifting motor 10 and the power motor 27. The lifting motor 10 is driven by a bevel gear 11. The lifting screw 6 rotates, causing the lifting slide plate 7 to slide down. The power housing 8 moves down against the connecting round seat 9, causing the breaking drill pipe 5 and the sampling steel pipe 3 to gradually slide down into the ground. At the same time, the power motor 27 drives the power shaft 25 to rotate through the bevel gear 28. The cam 26, in conjunction with the return spring 24, causes the piston plate 22 and the piston column 23 to slide up and down back and forth. The piston column 23 continuously strikes the top of the connecting round seat 9, making it easier for the breaking drill pipe 5 and the sampling steel pipe 3 to enter the ground until the sampling steel pipe 3 reaches the designated depth. Step 3: Extract soil. Use ropes to tie the sampling steel pipe 3 and the connecting round seat 9 to the position, and tie it to the lifting slide plate 7 at the same time, keeping a certain degree of looseness to avoid the influence of the piston column 23. Then shake the device to loosen the soil. Finally, start the output shaft of the lifting motor 10 to reverse and lift and reset, so that the sampling steel pipe 3 carries the internal soil away from the ground. During this process, the device can be slightly tilted to improve the sampling effect.

[0053] It should be understood, in the several embodiments provided in this application, that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a support plate, a contact plate, and a sampling steel pipe. The support plate is located directly above the contact plate. Two connecting guide posts are fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate and the top of the contact plate to connect them. The sampling steel pipe is placed between the support plate and the contact plate, and is located between the two connecting guide posts. The sampling steel pipe is parallel to the connecting guide posts and slides through the contact plate for inserting into the ground to collect samples. The bottom end of the sampling steel pipe is fixedly equipped with a soil-breaking toothed tube, which is used to break the soil when the sampling steel pipe is inserted into the ground. The same lifting screw is rotatably mounted on the bearing plate and the contact plate. The lifting screw is arranged parallel to the two connecting guide columns. The same lifting slide plate is slidably mounted on the two connecting guide columns. The lifting slide plate is located above the sampling steel pipe. The lifting slide plate is threaded onto the lifting screw so that the lifting screw drives the lifting slide plate to rise and fall. A power shell is fixedly mounted on the lifting slide plate. A piling mechanism is provided on the power shell. A connecting round seat is installed at the top of the sampling steel pipe. The top of the connecting round seat is movably connected to the bottom of the power shell so that the piling mechanism on the power shell drives the connecting round seat, the sampling steel pipe and the soil-breaking tooth pipe to gradually descend. A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the top of the bearing plate. A bevel gear is fixedly installed on the top of the output shaft of the lifting motor and the lifting screw. The two bevel gears mesh with each other.

2. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The contact floor is provided with a through hole, through which both the soil-breaking toothed tube and the sampling steel tube can pass.

3. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 2, characterized in that, At least two receiving openings are provided on the inner wall of the through hole. An extension plate is slidably installed in each of the at least two receiving openings. An arc-shaped locking block is fixedly installed at one end of each of the at least two extension plates located on the sampling steel pipe. When the at least two arc-shaped locking blocks are in frictional contact with the sampling steel pipe, they are used to support the sampling steel pipe. At least two fixed-length bolts are installed on the top of the contact plate. The ends of the at least two fixed-length bolts abut against the top of the at least two extension plates respectively, which are used to position the extension plates and the arc-shaped locking blocks.

4. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A docking cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting round seat. The docking cylinder is inserted into the top of the sampling steel pipe, and the two are connected by connecting bolts. The diameter of the docking cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling steel pipe, and the bottom of the connecting round seat is attached to the top of the sampling steel pipe.

5. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the power housing has a connecting groove, and the power housing has a power cavity above the connecting groove. The top of the connecting round seat has a docking round groove. The bottom of the power housing slides into the docking round groove through the connecting groove, so that the power housing and the connecting round seat are movably connected. The lifting slide plate drives the power housing to descend and continuously provide downward pressure to the connecting round seat and the sampling steel pipe.

6. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The piling mechanism includes a piston plate slidably installed in the power chamber. A piston column is slidably installed through the top inner wall of the connecting groove. The top end of the piston column extends into the power chamber and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate. The bottom end of the piston column has a preparatory gap with the top of the connecting round seat. The preparatory gap is less than or equal to half the depth of the connecting round groove. A return spring is sleeved on the piston column. The top end of the return spring abuts against the bottom of the piston plate, and the bottom end abuts against the bottom inner wall of the power chamber, for resetting the piston plate and piston column. A power shaft is rotatably installed in the power chamber. The power shaft is located above the piston plate. A cam is fixedly sleeved on the power shaft. The outer edge of the cam contacts the top of the piston plate. The cam pushes the piston plate and piston column to a distance greater than the preparatory gap, so as to form a reciprocating impact on the top of the connecting round seat. A power motor is fixedly installed on one side of the power housing. A bevel gear II is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the power motor and one end of the power shaft. The two bevel gear II mesh to provide power to the power shaft.

7. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The piston plate has a pressure balance hole, and the bearing plate has a clearance opening, allowing the power housing and the lifting motor to pass freely through the clearance opening.

8. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A controller is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, and the controller is connected to both the lifting motor and the power motor. A circular handle is fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate.

9. The soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Foot pedals are fixedly installed on both sides of the contact floor for foot stability, and ground nails are fixedly installed at the bottom of the contact floor for insertion into the ground for stability.

10. The method of operating the soil sampling device for wetland nitrogen research as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Device preparation. Tilt the device and manually insert the sampling steel pipe through the through hole in the ground, so that the ground-breaking tooth pipe is at the bottom. Then, install the connecting round seat on the top of the sampling steel pipe, insert the docking cylinder into the top of the sampling steel pipe and fix it with connecting bolts. Then, adjust the docking groove at the top of the connecting round seat to fit with the bottom of the power shell. Finally, loosen the fixed length bolt and pull the extension plate so that the arc-shaped locking block is locked on the outside of the sampling steel pipe to ensure that the sampling steel pipe will not slip freely under gravity. Step Two: Sampling Operation. Erect the device so that the contact floor and the ground-breaking tube face the ground. Place both feet on the foot pedals, drive the ground spikes into the ground, align the ground-breaking tube with the sampling ground, loosen the fixed-length bolts, and adjust the tightness of the arc-shaped locking block for fixing the sampling steel pipe. The arc-shaped locking block provides stable guidance for the descent and ascent of the sampling steel pipe. Then, operate the controller to simultaneously start the lifting motor and the power motor. The lifting motor uses a bevel gear one to drive the lifting screw to rotate, causing the lifting slide plate to slide down. The power housing moves down against the connecting round seat, allowing the ground-breaking tube and the sampling steel pipe to gradually slide down into the ground. At the same time, the power motor drives the power shaft to rotate through a bevel gear two. The cam, in conjunction with the return spring, causes the piston plate and piston column to slide up and down back and forth. The piston column continuously strikes the top of the connecting round seat, making it easier for the ground-breaking tube and the sampling steel pipe to enter the ground until the sampling steel pipe reaches the designated depth. Step 3: Extract soil. Use ropes to tie the sampling steel pipe and the connecting round base, and also tie it to the lifting slide plate. Then shake the device to loosen the soil. Finally, start the output shaft of the lifting motor to reverse and lift and reset, so that the sampling steel pipe carries the internal soil away from the ground. During this process, the device can be slightly tilted to improve the sampling effect.

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