Sample clamping and tension synchronous control device and method for thermal simulation experiment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material thermal simulation test equipment, and particularly relates to a sample clamping and tension synchronous control device and method for a thermal simulation experiment, and the sample clamping and tension synchronous control device comprises a first clamping part, a second clamping part, a hydraulic rod, a tension sliding table and a tension roller, the hydraulic rod drives the first clamping part to be far away from or close to the second clamping part, the first clamping part and the second clamping part are oppositely arranged, tension sliding tables are fixedly connected to the first clamping part and the second clamping part, and the tension rollers are connected with the tension sliding tables; each of the first clamping part and the second clamping part comprises a mounting plate, a clamping jaw, a front clamping block and a rear clamping block, the clamping jaw and the front clamping block are fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the rear clamping block is arranged between the clamping jaw and the front clamping block, a driving piece is connected to the clamping jaw, the output end of the driving piece is connected with the rear clamping block, and the driving piece drives the rear clamping block to be far away from or close to the front clamping block so as to clamp a test sample. According to the invention, accurate cooperative control of the sample clamping position and tension is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of thermal simulation testing equipment for metallic materials, and particularly relates to a sample clamping and tension synchronous control device and method for thermal simulation experiments. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal simulation testing machines are commonly used equipment in the field of metallic materials research to study microstructure and properties. They can accurately reproduce the thermal cycling process in actual production or experimental research, thereby analyzing the microstructure evolution and property changes of materials under different process parameters. The clamps used to hold the samples ensure that the samples remain in a stable clamping state and maintain constant tension when the samples are subjected to water quenching or cooling method switching.

[0003] Patent application CN201120448870.7 discloses a sheet metal tensile clamping structure for a thermal simulation machine, comprising two pairs of clamping blocks symmetrically arranged on the left and right. Each clamping block is a trapezoidal body with a smaller cross-section facing the specimen. The clamping surfaces on opposite sides of each pair of clamping blocks have serrated patterns, the direction of which is perpendicular to the direction of the tensile force applied to the sheet metal specimen after clamping. A pin hole is vertically inserted through each pair of clamping blocks. Patent application CN202510692190.6 discloses a specimen clamp, cooling device, and annealing test method for a thermal simulation testing machine. The specimen clamp consists of four identical wedge-shaped stainless steel plates, arranged in pairs, clamping the two ends of the specimen. Grooves are provided within the stainless steel plates to reduce heat conduction. The test method involves mounting the specimen on a specimen clamp and then placing it into the cavity of a thermal simulation testing machine; evacuating the cavity of the thermal simulation testing machine to create a protective atmosphere; heating the specimen to 950–1050°C at a rate of 10–50°C / s and holding it at that temperature for 3–5 minutes, then rapidly cooling it to room temperature by blowing air and recording the temperature curve; subjecting the annealed specimen to room temperature tensile testing, analyzing the test data, and observing the metallographic structure using an optical phase microscope.

[0004] The clamping mechanism of existing thermal simulation testing machines cannot effectively compensate for the tension changes generated by the sample during thermal cycling. This defect is particularly prominent in the thermal simulation experiment of phase transformation steel plates, which makes it impossible to accurately reproduce the tension state in the actual production of phase transformation steel plates, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a sample clamping and tension synchronization control device and method for thermal simulation experiments, thereby solving the problem that existing clamping mechanisms cannot compensate for sample tension changes in real time during thermal cycling. By integrating hydraulic drive, tension slide, and sensor detection, the stability of sample clamping and dynamic adjustment of tension are achieved, ensuring constant sample tension during the experiment, thus improving the accuracy of thermal simulation experiments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments includes a clamping part one, a clamping part two, a hydraulic rod, a tension slide, and a tension roller. The hydraulic rod is disposed between the clamping part one and the clamping part two, and drives the clamping part one to move away from or closer to the clamping part two. The clamping part one and the clamping part two are arranged opposite to each other. A tension slide is fixedly connected to both the clamping part one and the clamping part two, and the tension roller is connected to the tension slide. Both the clamping part one and the clamping part two include a mounting plate, a jaw, a front clamping block, and a rear clamping block. The jaw and the front clamping block are fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a rear clamping block is disposed between the jaw and the front clamping block. A driving component is connected to the jaw, and the output end of the driving component is connected to the rear clamping block. The driving component drives the rear clamping block to move away from or closer to the front clamping block to clamp the test sample.

[0007] The front clamping block and the rear clamping block are fixed with several sets of equidistantly distributed micro-tooth blocks on the opposite side.

[0008] A support plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate of the clamping part two for connecting the cylinder body of the hydraulic rod; a push plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate of the clamping part one, and the push plate is hinged to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod.

[0009] A tension sensor is connected between the push plate and the piston rod.

[0010] A position sensor is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod.

[0011] Several sets of equidistant reinforcing ribs and reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the grippers of clamping part one and clamping part two.

[0012] A temperature sensor is connected to the front clamping block, and the sensing end of the temperature sensor is on the same plane as the outer wall of the front clamping block.

[0013] The device also includes a proportional valve, a hydraulic pump, and a connecting pipe. The hydraulic rod is connected to the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the proportional valve, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the proportional valve via a pipeline. A high-pressure switch and a pressure gauge are connected to the connecting pipe.

[0014] The tension roller is fixedly connected to the tension slide of clamping part one, and the tension roller is slidably connected to the tension slide of clamping part two; or, the tension roller is slidably connected to the tension slide of clamping part one, and the tension roller is fixedly connected to the tension slide of clamping part two.

[0015] A method for synchronously controlling sample clamping and tension in thermal simulation experiments includes the following steps: S1. Place one end of the sample between the front and rear clamping blocks of clamping part two, start the drive unit to drive the rear clamping block to move forward to clamp one end of the sample, and place the other end of the sample between the front and rear clamping blocks of clamping part one. S2. Start the hydraulic rod to push the piston rod to retract, thereby moving the clamping part one to the clamping part two until the other end of the sample is in the clamping position of the clamping part one. Then, the driving component of the clamping part one drives the rear clamping block to move forward to clamp the other end of the sample. S3. For thermal simulation experiments that require maintaining constant sample tension, the tension sensor detects the actual tension value of the sample in real time. Based on the difference between the actual tension value and the target tension value, the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic rod are controlled to obtain the initial tension value. At this time, the position sensor records the current displacement of the piston rod and sets this position as the reference position. Then the thermal simulation experiment begins. S4. During the thermal simulation experiment, the sample will undergo heating and cooling. The position control mode is used to compensate for the length change of the sample caused by thermal expansion or cooling contraction, which in turn causes the sample tension to change. The position control mode is to adjust the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod according to the real-time tension value detected by the tension sensor during the experiment, and the position sensor monitors the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod in real time. In the thermal simulation experiment, when the sample expands due to heat, the tension decreases. The real-time displacement is calculated based on the deviation between the real-time tension value and the set tension. The hydraulic rod then moves the clamping part away from the clamping part in real time to perform real-time tension compensation. When the sample cools and contracts, the tension increases. Based on the calculated real-time displacement, the hydraulic rod moves the clamping part closer to the clamping part in real time to perform real-time tension compensation and maintain the sample tension at the set value.

[0016] S5. After the thermal simulation experiment ends and the sample cools to room temperature, start the drive of clamping part one to drive the rear clamping block to move away from the front clamping block, releasing the clamping of the other end of the sample. Then start the drive of clamping part two to drive the rear clamping block to move away from the front clamping block, remove the sample, and proceed with the thermal simulation experiment of the next process.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves precise and coordinated control of sample clamping position and tension through the linkage design of the clamping part and hydraulic rod, combined with real-time feedback from tension sensors and position sensors, providing high-precision data support for thermal simulation experiments.

[0018] 2. This invention, by incorporating temperature sensors in the grippers, enables real-time monitoring of temperature changes in the sample clamping area, preventing overheating of the grippers from affecting structural strength. Micro-toothed blocks on the front and rear clamping blocks enhance clamping stability, while the tension slide and tension roller structure allow for free adjustment of the sample during thermal expansion or cooling contraction, avoiding stress concentration. Closed-loop control using proportional valves and a hydraulic pump allows for precise adjustment of the hydraulic rod displacement, real-time compensation for sample length changes caused by temperature variations, and maintenance of constant tension. This method significantly improves the reliability and repeatability of thermal simulation experiments, and is particularly suitable for thermal process simulation of phase change materials, providing more accurate technical support for the study of material microstructure and properties. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sample clamping and tension synchronization control device used in thermal simulation experiments. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sample clamping and tension synchronization control device used in thermal simulation experiments. Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second clamping part.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control system.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Mounting plate one; 2. Mounting plate two; 3. Tension slide; 4. Tension roller; 5. Support plate; 6. Hydraulic rod; 7. Push plate; 8. Connecting pipe; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Proportional valve; 11. Hydraulic pump; 12. Left gripper; 13. Right gripper; 14. Position sensor; 15. Rounded corner; 16. Micro toothed block; 17. Reinforcing rib; 18. Reinforcing plate; 19. Tension sensor; 20. Mounting shallow groove; 21. Temperature sensor; 22. High pressure switch; 23. Front clamping block; 24. Rear clamping block; 25. Drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0027] See Figures 1-3A sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments includes a clamping part one, a clamping part two, a hydraulic rod 6, a tension slide 3, and a tension roller 4. The hydraulic rod 6 is disposed between the clamping part one and the clamping part two, and drives the clamping part one to move away from or closer to the clamping part two. The clamping part one and the clamping part two are arranged opposite to each other. A tension slide 3 is fixedly connected to both the clamping part one and the clamping part two. The tension roller 4 is fixedly connected to the tension slide 3 of the clamping part one and slidably connected to the tension slide 3 of the clamping part two; or, the tension roller 4 is slidably connected to the tension slide 3 of the clamping part one and fixedly connected to the tension slide 3 of the clamping part two. To ensure the operational stability of the clamping part one driven by the hydraulic rod 6, tension slides 3 are provided above and below the hydraulic rod 6, and the tension slides 3 of the mounting plate one 1 and the mounting plate two 2 are on the same horizontal line.

[0028] Clamping part one and clamping part two are symmetrical and identical in structure, both including a front clamping block 23 and a rear clamping block 24. Clamping part one includes a mounting plate 1 and a right clamping jaw 13. The right clamping jaw 13 serves as a movable clamping end and can move under the drive of a hydraulic cylinder to accommodate samples of different lengths. The right clamping jaw 13 and the front clamping block 23 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1. A rear clamping block 24 is provided between the right clamping jaw 13 and the front clamping block 23. A driving component 25 is connected to the right clamping jaw 13. The output end of the driving component 25 is connected to the rear clamping block 24. The driving component 25 drives the rear clamping block 24 away from or closer to the front clamping block 23 to clamp the test sample. Clamping part two includes a mounting plate 2 and a left clamping jaw 12. The connection relationship of each component is the same as that of clamping part one. The mounting plate 2 is fixed on the base (the base structure is not shown in the figure) to fix the position of the left clamping jaw 12. The left gripper 12 serves as a fixed clamping end and can cooperate with the right gripper 13 to fix and clamp both ends of the sample.

[0029] The drive component 25 is a small hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the hydraulic system of the hydraulic rod 6 via a branch oil circuit. A three-way connector (before the proportional valve 10) can be added to the connecting pipe 8 to lead out a branch oil pipe, which is connected to the small hydraulic cylinder via a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve. The output end of the drive component 25 is fixedly connected to the rear clamping block 24, which can extend forward under the drive component 25 to cooperate with the front clamping block 23 to complete the sample clamping. The front clamping block 23 or the rear clamping block 24 is equipped with a pressure sensor to detect the clamping pressure. The outer walls of the front clamping block 23 and the rear clamping block 24 connected to the left jaw 12 and the right jaw 13 are all provided with inclined surfaces to facilitate the quick placement of the sample into the clamping area and reduce the difficulty of sample installation.

[0030] Mounting plate 2 has a support plate 5 fixedly connected to it for connecting the cylinder of hydraulic rod 6; mounting plate 1 has a push plate 7 fixedly connected to it, and the push plate 7 is hinged to the piston rod of hydraulic rod 6. A tension sensor 19 is connected to the push plate 7, and the tension sensor 19 is located between the push plate 7 and the piston rod, which can monitor the tension on the sample in real time and provide data support for tension control.

[0031] See Figures 3-5 On the opposite sides of the left gripper 12 and right gripper 13, several sets of equidistantly distributed reinforcing ribs 17 and reinforcing plates 18 are fixedly connected. The reinforcing ribs 17 enhance the overall structural strength of the grippers, preventing deformation under clamping or tension. The reinforcing plates 18 further disperse the force on the grippers, enhancing the stability of the connection between the grippers and the mounting plate, jointly ensuring the structural stability of the grippers during the experiment. On the opposite sides of the front gripper 23 and rear gripper 24, several sets of equidistantly distributed micro-tooth blocks 16 are fixedly connected. The equidistantly distributed micro-tooth blocks 16 increase the contact friction between the gripper and the sample surface, effectively preventing slippage and displacement of the sample during tensile or thermal simulation, ensuring that the sample remains in the preset experimental position. The ends of the micro-tooth blocks 16 are rounded 15. The rounded corners 15 prevent sharp edges from scratching the sample surface, reducing damage caused by clamping, and also reducing stress concentration at the clamping points, ensuring the integrity of the sample during the experiment.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 A connecting pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic rod 6. A pressure gauge 9 is connected to the connecting pipe 8 to monitor pressure changes in the hydraulic circuit in real time, allowing operators to easily monitor the system pressure status. A proportional valve 10 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe 8, which can precisely adjust the hydraulic oil flow and pressure to achieve fine adjustment of tension or position. The end of the proportional valve 10 is connected to the hydraulic pump 11 through a pipeline, and the hydraulic pump 11 supplies oil to the hydraulic rod 6. A position sensor 14 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 6 to collect piston rod displacement data in real time, providing accurate feedback for position control.

[0033] See Figure 4 , Figure 6 The outer wall of the front clamping block 23 has a shallow mounting groove 20 to provide mounting space for the temperature sensor 21, ensuring stable sensor installation. The sensing end of the temperature sensor 21 is on the same plane as the outer wall of the front clamping block 23, allowing direct contact with the sample surface. This avoids temperature detection errors caused by protrusions or depressions in the sensing end, ensuring accurate temperature data. The temperature sensor 21 is used to monitor temperature changes in the sample clamping area in real time, preventing overheating of the clamps from affecting structural strength. See [link / reference] Figure 2A high-pressure switch 22 is connected to the connecting pipe 8. When the hydraulic circuit pressure exceeds the maximum pressure threshold, the high-pressure switch 22 sends a signal to the PLC. The PLC can execute an emergency stop procedure to cut off the power to the hydraulic pump 11 and close the proportional valve 10 to prevent the hydraulic system from being damaged due to overpressure and to protect the system safety.

[0034] See Figures 1-6 A method for synchronously controlling sample clamping and tension in thermal simulation experiments includes the following steps: S1. Place one end of the sample between the front clamping block 23 and the rear clamping block 24 of the clamping part 2, activate the drive member 25 of the left clamping jaw 12, drive the rear clamping block 24 to move to the front clamping block 23, clamp one end of the sample, and place the other end of the sample between the front and rear clamping blocks 24 of the clamping part 1. S2. Start the hydraulic rod 6. The PLC controls the hydraulic pump 11 to start. Through the proportional valve 10, oil is slowly supplied to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic rod 6, pushing the piston rod to retract, thereby driving the clamping part one (right clamp 13) to move to the clamping part two until the other end of the sample is in the clamping position of the clamping part one. Then, the drive member 25 of the clamping part one drives the rear clamping block 24 to move forward clamping block 23 to clamp the other end of the sample. S3. For thermal simulation experiments requiring constant sample tension, the operator sets the target tension value via the human-machine interface (HMI), which is then converted into an electrical signal and continuously transmitted to the PLC. The PLC compares the target tension value with the actual tension feedback value, calculates the tension deviation, and controls the flow and pressure of hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic rod 6 by adjusting the opening direction and size of the proportional valve 10. (When the actual tension is lower than the target value, the PLC controls the proportional valve 10 to increase the opening, increasing the pressure of the hydraulic rod 6, thereby increasing the pulling force of the right gripper 13 on the sample until the actual tension approaches the target value, and vice versa. The pressure gauge 9 is used to monitor the system pressure.) The position sensor 14 records the current displacement of the piston rod and sets this position as the reference position for subsequent position control before starting the thermal simulation experiment.

[0035] S4. During the thermal simulation experiment, the sample will undergo heating and cooling. The position control mode is used to compensate for the length change of the sample caused by thermal expansion or cooling contraction, which in turn causes the sample tension to change. In the position control mode, the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 6 is adjusted according to the real-time tension value detected by the tension sensor 19 during the experiment, and the position sensor 14 monitors the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 6 in real time. In the thermal simulation experiment, when the sample expands due to heat, the tension decreases. The real-time displacement is calculated based on the deviation between the real-time tension value and the set tension. The hydraulic rod 6 then moves the clamping part away from the clamping part 2 in real time to perform real-time tension compensation. When the sample cools and contracts, the tension increases. Based on the calculated real-time displacement, the hydraulic rod 6 moves the clamping part towards the clamping part 2 in real time to perform real-time tension compensation and maintain the sample tension at the set value.

[0036] S5. After the thermal simulation experiment ends and the sample cools to room temperature, start the drive unit 25 of clamping part one to drive the rear clamping block 24 to move away from the front clamping block 23, releasing the clamping of the other end of the sample. Then start the drive unit 25 of clamping part two to drive the rear clamping block 24 to move away from the front clamping block 23, remove the sample, and carry out the thermal simulation experiment of the next process.

[0037] S4. During the thermal simulation experiment, the sample undergoes heating and cooling. The position control mode is used to compensate for the length changes caused by the sample's thermal expansion or cooling contraction, which in turn cause changes in the sample's tension. During the experiment, the tension sensor 19 monitors the tension in real time and converts it into an electrical signal that is continuously transmitted to the PLC controller. The PLC controller precisely adjusts the opening direction and size of the proportional valve 10, thereby controlling the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic rod 6, and thus adjusting the displacement of the hydraulic rod 6 to compensate for the changes in tension.

[0038] Position sensor 14 monitors the displacement of the piston rod of hydraulic rod 6 in real time. In the thermal simulation experiment, when the sample expands due to heat, the tension decreases. The PLC controller outputs a signal to proportional valve 10, causing proportional valve 10 to return to the oil side. Hydraulic rod 6 then drives the right gripper 13 and piston rod to move to the right in real time for tension compensation. When the sample cools and contracts, the PLC controller controls proportional valve 10 to supply oil, pushing the piston rod to the left, thus adjusting the tension through displacement. The dual closed-loop control logic, using tension sensor 19 and position sensor 14 as feedback elements, achieves automated and precise operation with constant tension through position compensation, maintaining the sample tension at the set value.

[0039] S5. After the thermal simulation experiment ends and the sample cools to room temperature, start the drive component 25 of the right gripper 13 to drive the rear clamping block 24 to move backward and release the clamping of one end of the sample. Then start the drive component 25 of the left gripper 12 to drive the rear clamping block 24 to move backward and remove the sample to carry out the thermal simulation experiment of the next process.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments, characterized in that, The device includes a clamping part one, a clamping part two, a hydraulic rod, a tension slide, and a tension roller. The hydraulic rod is positioned between the clamping part one and the clamping part two. The hydraulic rod moves the clamping part one away from or closer to the clamping part two. The clamping part one and the clamping part two are positioned opposite each other. A tension slide is fixedly connected to both the clamping part one and the clamping part two, and the tension roller is connected to the tension slide. Both the clamping part one and the clamping part two include a mounting plate, a jaw, a front clamping block, and a rear clamping block. The jaw and the front clamping block are fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A rear clamping block is located between the jaw and the front clamping block. A driving component is connected to the jaw. The output end of the driving component is connected to the rear clamping block. The driving component moves the rear clamping block away from or closer to the front clamping block to clamp the test sample.

2. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front clamping block and the rear clamping block are fixed with several sets of equidistantly distributed micro-tooth blocks on the opposite side.

3. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate of the clamping part two for connecting the cylinder body of the hydraulic rod; a push plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate of the clamping part one, and the push plate is hinged to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod.

4. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that, A tension sensor is connected between the push plate and the piston rod.

5. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A position sensor is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod.

6. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several sets of equidistant reinforcing ribs and reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the grippers of clamping part one and clamping part two.

7. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is connected to the front clamping block, and the sensing end of the temperature sensor is on the same plane as the outer wall of the front clamping block.

8. The sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a proportional valve, a hydraulic pump, and a connecting pipe. The hydraulic rod is connected to the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the proportional valve, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the proportional valve via a pipeline. A high-pressure switch and a pressure gauge are connected to the connecting pipe.

9. A sample clamping and tension synchronization control device for thermal simulation experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension roller is fixedly connected to the tension slide of clamping part one, and the tension roller is slidably connected to the tension slide of clamping part two; or, the tension roller is slidably connected to the tension slide of clamping part one, and the tension roller is fixedly connected to the tension slide of clamping part two.

10. A method for synchronously controlling sample clamping and tension in a thermal simulation experiment, implemented by the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place one end of the sample between the front and rear clamping blocks of clamping part two, start the drive unit to drive the rear clamping block to move forward to clamp one end of the sample, and place the other end of the sample between the front and rear clamping blocks of clamping part one. S2. Start the hydraulic rod to push the piston rod to retract, thereby moving the clamping part one to the clamping part two until the other end of the sample is in the clamping position of the clamping part one. Then, the driving component of the clamping part one drives the rear clamping block to move forward to clamp the other end of the sample. S3. For thermal simulation experiments that require maintaining constant sample tension, the tension sensor detects the actual tension value of the sample in real time. Based on the difference between the actual tension value and the target tension value, the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic rod are controlled to obtain the initial tension value. At this time, the position sensor records the current displacement of the piston rod and sets this position as the reference position. Then the thermal simulation experiment begins. S4. During the thermal simulation experiment, the sample will undergo heating and cooling. The position control mode is used to compensate for the length change of the sample caused by thermal expansion or cooling contraction, which in turn causes the sample tension to change. The position control mode is to adjust the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod according to the real-time tension value detected by the tension sensor during the experiment, and the position sensor monitors the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod in real time. In the thermal simulation experiment, when the sample expands due to heat, the tension decreases. The real-time displacement is calculated based on the deviation between the real-time tension value and the set tension. The hydraulic rod drives the clamping part one to move away from the clamping part two in real time to perform real-time tension compensation. When the sample cools and contracts, the tension increases. Based on the calculated real-time displacement, the hydraulic rod drives the clamping part one to move closer to the clamping part two in real time to perform real-time tension compensation and maintain the sample tension at the set value. S5. After the thermal simulation experiment ends and the sample cools to room temperature, start the drive of clamping part one to drive the rear clamping block to move away from the front clamping block, releasing the clamping of the other end of the sample. Then start the drive of clamping part two to drive the rear clamping block to move away from the front clamping block, remove the sample, and proceed with the thermal simulation experiment of the next process.

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