Monitoring system and method for identifying sea surface oil spill by using polarization state of light

Abstract

The invention provides a monitoring system and method for identifying sea surface oil spill by using a polarization state of light, and belongs to the technical field of beach shallow sea oil spill monitoring, and the system comprises a polarization data acquisition module which is used for acquiring polarization image data of a sea surface oil spill monitoring area; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the polarization image data of the sea surface oil spill monitoring area acquired by the polarization data acquisition module to the polarization data processing module; the polarization data processing module is used for analyzing and processing the received polarization image data of the sea surface oil spill monitoring area acquired by the polarization data acquisition module, carrying out primary identification on sea surface oil spill according to an analysis and processing result, and sending alarm information if the sea surface oil spill is identified to exist; and the control module is used for controlling operation and data processing of the monitoring system. According to the monitoring system and method for identifying the sea surface oil spill, the sea surface oil spill in the beach and shallow sea area is monitored based on the polarization state of light, and the oil spill identification capability can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil spill monitoring technology in shallow sea areas, and in particular to a monitoring system and method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light. Background Technology

[0002] Shallow waters refer to areas of the sea located outside the coastline, typically part of the continental shelf. They serve as a transitional zone between the ocean and land, generally including coastal mudflats, the intertidal zone, and shallow waters, characterized by becoming mudflats at low tide and open sea at high tide. These areas are rich in natural resources such as oil and natural gas, and exploring these resources is crucial for ensuring national energy security and promoting economic development.

[0003] However, in recent years, with the continuous expansion of oil and gas exploration and production activities in shallow coastal areas, the risk of oil spills has also been gradually increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor oil spills to avoid excessive pollution of the marine environment. Traditional oil spill monitoring technologies include satellite remote sensing, aerial and ship remote sensing, oil spill radar, and UAV video monitoring, but these technologies have a series of limitations in shallow coastal environments.

[0004] The advantages of satellite remote sensing, such as wide coverage and strong data processing capabilities, are limited by time intervals, resolution, and false alarm issues. Airborne and shipborne remote sensing technologies are costly, difficult to access shallow water areas, and highly susceptible to weather conditions. Oil spill radar monitoring is limited by fixed and mobile scanning ranges and cannot monitor tidal flats. Oil pipeline negative pressure wave systems are affected by complex environments, resulting in low sensitivity and a high false alarm rate. Video monitoring by drones and unmanned surface vessels is limited by 4G networks and weather conditions, and optical information is difficult for machines to read. In shallow water areas, visible light and infrared light monitoring face multiple challenges, such as solar flares, environmental interference, limited field of view, and adverse weather conditions. Infrared light monitoring also suffers from background interference, detection limitations, and false alarm rates.

[0005] Therefore, providing an oil spill monitoring system suitable for shallow sea areas is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention provides a monitoring system and method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, which can improve the ability to identify oil spills on the sea surface in special environments such as shallow waters.

[0007] A monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light includes a polarization data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a polarization data processing module, and a control module. The polarization data acquisition module is used to acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface; The data transmission module is used to transmit the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface acquired by the polarization data acquisition module to the polarization data processing module; The polarization data processing module is used to analyze and process the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface obtained by the polarization data acquisition module, and to make an initial identification of the oil spill on the sea surface based on the analysis and processing results. If the oil spill on the sea surface is identified, an alarm message is issued. The control module is used to control the operation and data processing of the monitoring system.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization data processing module includes a fog-penetrating imaging unit and a bright spot processing unit for the sea surface. When the polarization data processing module initially identifies that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, it performs polarization defogging and bright spot suppression processing on the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area acquired by the polarization data acquisition module. The polarization data processing module analyzes and processes the polarization image data after defogging and bright spot suppression processing, and performs secondary identification of the oil spill on the sea surface based on the analysis and processing results. If the oil spill on the sea surface is identified as present, an alarm message is issued.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization data processing module further includes a central processing unit and a communication unit. The central processing unit is used to analyze and process the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area acquired by the polarization data acquisition module and to make an initial identification of whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface. It also analyzes and processes the polarization image data after defogging and suppression of bright spots and makes a secondary identification of whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface. The communication unit is used to send out alarm information when the central processing unit identifies that there is an oil spill on the sea surface.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization data processing module also includes a memory for storing processing results and system parameters.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization data acquisition module is equipped with a dual-optical-path imaging system for visible light and infrared bands, used to acquire visible light image and infrared image data.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system also includes a drone flight device equipped with the polarization data acquisition module.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system also includes a display module for displaying data of the monitoring system.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polarization data acquisition module includes an optical lens, a photodetector, and a signal processing circuit. The optical lens focuses light and guides the light to the photodetector. The photodetector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The signal processing circuit processes the electrical signal and extracts polarization data.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes an early warning module, which is used to receive alarm information sent by the communication unit and issue an early warning signal.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes a power supply module, which provides electrical energy for the operation of the polarization data acquisition module.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes a protection unit for protecting the polarization data acquisition module.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes a support and fixing unit, which is used to fix the polarization data acquisition module.

[0019] A monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, comprising: Acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface; The obtained polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface is processed to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data; The initial identification of oil spills on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. If an oil spill is identified as occurring on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the initial identification of oil spill on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. If it is determined that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, the polarization image data is subjected to polarization defogging and bright spot suppression processing, and the processed polarization image data is analyzed to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data. The secondary identification of oil spill on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data. If it is determined that there is an oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the acquisition of polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area includes acquiring visible light image data and infrared image data.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the initial identification of oil spills based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data includes identifying oil spills on the sea surface based on the Stokes vector of the polarization image data.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the acquisition of polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area includes using a drone to cruise the oil spill monitoring area and acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area.

[0024] This invention provides a monitoring system and method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light. Based on polarized light technology, it achieves the identification of oil spills on the sea surface and has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area obtained by the polarization data acquisition module is analyzed and processed by the polarization data processing module. The polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data is used to identify oil spills on the sea surface. This can more sensitively identify oil spill characteristics, improve the identification capability of oil spills in shallow sea areas, and realize effective monitoring of oil spills on the sea surface. 2. The fog-penetrating imaging processing unit and the bright spot processing unit, for cases where initial identification fails to detect oil spills, perform defogging and bright spot suppression on the polarized image data. This reduces the impact of fog and minimizes interference from light spots, improving image quality. Subsequent oil spill identification is then performed again, enhancing accuracy and adapting to oil spills in various adverse environments. Furthermore, this secondary identification avoids missed detections, facilitating early warnings and timely cleanup of oil spills, preventing further spread, reducing pollution of the marine environment, and minimizing economic losses. 3. The system integrates visible light and infrared dual-path imaging. Unlike systems that use only a single optical path for imaging, the visible light and infrared imaging systems work together to comprehensively acquire information on the morphology, surface features, and heat distribution of the oil spill monitoring area, providing richer environmental data. 4. By using a drone flight device equipped with the polarization data acquisition module to cruise the sea surface monitoring area, the mobility and range of activities can be improved, and polarization image data of the sea surface in shallow sea areas can be acquired more comprehensively, flexibly and continuously. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is another specific flowchart of the monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Polarization data acquisition module; 11. Optical lens; 12. Photodetector; 13. Signal processing circuit; 2. Data transmission module; 3. Polarization data processing module; 31. Central processing unit; 32. Memory; 33. Communication unit; 34. Fog penetration imaging processing unit; 35. Sea surface bright spot processing unit; 4. Control module; 5. Display module; 6. Power supply module; 7. Protection unit; 8. Support and fixing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following describes specific embodiments and appendices. Figure 1-5 The invention is described in detail so that those skilled in the art can more fully understand its purpose, features and effects.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In the event of any discrepancy between the definition of a term in this invention and its commonly understood meaning by one of ordinary skill in the art, the definition stated in this declaration shall prevail.

[0033] In recent years, with the continuous expansion of oil and gas exploration and production activities in shallow sea areas, the risk of oil spills has also been gradually increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor oil spills to avoid excessive pollution of the marine environment. Traditional oil spill monitoring technologies include satellite remote sensing, aerial and ship remote sensing, oil spill radar, and UAV video monitoring, but these technologies have a series of limitations in shallow sea environments. For example, satellite remote sensing has long time intervals, low resolution, and many false alarms; aerial and ship remote sensing is costly and greatly affected by weather; radar monitoring range is limited and cannot cover tidal flats; negative pressure wave systems for oil pipelines have low sensitivity and high false alarm rates; UAV and unmanned surface vessel monitoring is limited by network and weather conditions, and optical information is difficult to read; visible light and infrared light monitoring are significantly affected by environmental interference and severe weather.

[0034] This invention provides a monitoring system and method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface by utilizing the polarization state of light, thereby improving the ability to identify oil spills on the sea surface in shallow coastal areas.

[0035] Example 1 As a specific embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, referring to... Figure 1It includes a polarization data acquisition module 1, a data transmission module 2, a polarization data processing module 3, a control module 4, and a display module 5.

[0036] The polarization data acquisition module 1 is used to measure the polarization state of light passing over the sea surface and acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area, including information on the morphology, surface features, and heat distribution of the monitoring target.

[0037] Preferably, the polarization data acquisition module 1 is equipped with a dual-path imaging system for visible light and infrared bands. The visible light imaging system uses a visible light camera to capture the visible light reflected by the target and generate a visible light image corresponding to the monitored target. The infrared band imaging system uses an infrared camera to monitor the infrared radiation reflected by the target and generate an infrared image corresponding to the monitored target.

[0038] This embodiment integrates a dual-optical-path imaging system. Unlike systems that use only a single optical path for imaging, the visible light and infrared imaging systems work together to comprehensively acquire information on the morphology, surface features, and thermal distribution of the oil spill monitoring area, providing richer environmental data.

[0039] The data transmission module 2 transmits the polarization image data obtained by the polarization data acquisition module 1 to the polarization data processing module 3 for analysis and processing.

[0040] The polarization data processing module 3 performs image processing on the acquired polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface to obtain polarization state parameter information of the polarization image.

[0041] Specifically, the polarization data processing module 3 receives a polarization image with polarization information sent by the polarization data acquisition module 1, and calculates the Stokes vector of the acquired polarization image using digital image processing technology. The Stokes vector uses four parameters to describe the intensity and polarization state of the light wave; these four parameters are time-averaged values ​​of the light intensity, forming a four-dimensional mathematical vector (I, Q, U, V).

[0042] The polarization data processing module 3 identifies whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image.

[0043] Specifically, the polarization data processing module 3 identifies oil spills on the sea surface based on the polarization state parameter information of the calculated polarization image. In this embodiment, the polarization data processing module 3 identifies the polarization of pollutants on the sea surface based on the Stokes vector of the polarization image. By comparing it with a preset reference standard, if an oil spill is identified, an alarm message is issued; if no oil spill is identified, the polarization data processing module 3 performs further processing.

[0044] By calculating the Stokes parameters of the polarization image of the monitored target, efficient polarization identification of oil spills on the sea surface was achieved. Compared with traditional visible light detection technology, it can more sensitively identify oil spill characteristics, especially in complex sea surface environments, thus improving sensitivity and real-time performance.

[0045] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 The polarization data processing module 3 includes a fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 and a sea surface bright spot processing unit 35, which perform defogging and bright spot suppression processing on polarization images containing optical polarization information. Specifically, the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 utilizes advanced fog-penetrating algorithms to process the acquired polarization image data, reducing the impact of fog, improving the effective visibility, and integrates deep learning algorithms to learn multispectral polarization data and extract deep-level feature information. The sea surface bright spot processing unit 35 processes the sea surface image based on a polarization image flare suppression algorithm to reduce the interference of bright spots on the image.

[0046] Traditional systems have limited effective visibility in foggy conditions. In this embodiment, the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 uses fog-penetrating imaging processing technology and fog-penetrating algorithms to process polarization image data, thereby reducing the impact of fog on polarization images.

[0047] Traditional systems struggle to obtain clear images in strong light and flare environments. This embodiment utilizes a flare suppression algorithm based on polarized images in the sea surface bright spot processing unit 35 to effectively reduce light spot interference and improve imaging quality and monitoring accuracy under complex lighting conditions.

[0048] When using the polarization data processing module 3 to identify oil spills on the sea surface based on the polarization state parameter information of the calculated polarization image, if it is determined that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 and the sea surface bright spot processing unit 35 perform polarization light defogging processing and bright spot suppression processing on the polarization image with polarization information. Then, a second oil spill identification is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the new polarization image obtained after processing. If it is determined that there is an oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued. If it is determined that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, the monitoring of the sea surface continues.

[0049] In this embodiment, the polarization data processing module 3 first uses the polarization state parameter information of the calculated polarization image to determine whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface for the first oil spill identification. If the identification result indicates that there is an oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued directly, and the polarization image and its polarization state parameter information are no longer processed. If the identification result indicates that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 and the sea surface bright spot processing unit 35 of the polarization data processing module 3 perform defogging and spot suppression processing on the polarization image with polarization information. A second identification of the oil spill on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image. If the identification result indicates that there is an oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued.

[0050] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system also includes an early warning module, which receives alarm information from the polarization data processing module 3 and issues an early warning to remind the public that an oil spill has occurred on the sea surface and needs to be cleaned up.

[0051] The monitoring system can realize real-time data transmission and processing. Utilizing the data transmission module 2 and the polarization data processing module 3, it can receive and process polarization data in real time and make rapid judgments, which greatly shortens the data processing time and improves the response speed.

[0052] The control module 4 is used to control the operation and data processing of the entire monitoring system.

[0053] The display module 5 is used to display data, including polarization image data acquired by the polarization data acquisition module 1 and processing result data from the polarization data processing module 3, thereby achieving closed-loop monitoring of the entire monitoring system and completing accurate monitoring of oil spills on the sea surface. Specifically, the display module 5 can be a monitor.

[0054] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system also includes a drone flight device, on which the polarization data acquisition module 1 is mounted. The drone flight device, equipped with the polarization data acquisition module 1, cruises the sea surface monitoring area, improving mobility and range of activity, and acquiring polarization image data of the sea surface in shallow coastal areas more comprehensively, flexibly, and continuously.

[0055] The marine oil spill monitoring system based on polarized light technology of this invention can adapt to harsh environments and has three functions: spot suppression, fog penetration, and identification. It improves the imaging quality of the system in strong light and flare environments, enhances the visual penetration capability and effective visibility under sea fog conditions, improves the ability to learn deep features of multispectral polarization data, and ensures stable operation in different environments such as sunny days and foggy days, thereby achieving efficient identification of oil spills.

[0056] The marine oil spill monitoring system based on polarized light technology of the present invention has advantages over traditional visible light monitoring, such as high sensitivity, non-contact, real-time, quantitative, anti-interference, and wide adaptability. It can simultaneously meet the requirements of spot suppression, fog penetration, and oil spill identification, and is applicable to various aquatic environments.

[0057] Example 2 As a specific embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 3 It includes a polarization data acquisition module, a data transmission module 2, a polarization data processing module 3, a control module 4, and a display module 5.

[0058] The polarization data acquisition module 1 can be a polarization light sensor, including an optical lens 11, a photodetector 12, and a signal processing circuit 13. The optical lens 11 focuses light and guides the light to the photodetector 12. The photodetector 12 converts the light signal into an electrical signal. The signal processing circuit 13 processes the electrical signal and extracts polarization data.

[0059] The polarization data acquisition module 1 focuses light through the optical lens 11 and guides it to the photodetector 12. The photodetector 12 converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and the signal processing circuit 13 further processes the electrical signal and extracts the polarization data. This process is the basis for the system's monitoring of oil spills on the sea surface. The monitoring system utilizes the polarization characteristics of light to distinguish the polarization effects generated in the oil spill area and the non-oil spill area, thereby achieving effective identification of oil spills on the sea surface.

[0060] The polarization data processing module 3 includes a central processing unit 31, a memory 32, and a communication unit 33. The central processing unit 31 is used to process polarization data, the memory 32 is used to store processing results and system parameters, and the communication unit 33 is used to communicate and exchange data with other devices, thereby enhancing the system's interactive capabilities.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the central processing unit 31 performs calculations and analysis on the polarization image data received and transmitted through the data transmission module 2 to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image. Then, based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image, it determines whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface. If the identification result is that there is an oil spill, an alarm message is sent through the communication unit 33, such as sending the alarm message to the early warning module in Embodiment 1. The memory 32 is used to store the processing results and system parameters to ensure the stable operation of the system and the traceability of data.

[0062] The early warning module receives alarm information sent by the communication unit 33 via a wireless device. If an alarm information is received, an early warning signal is issued to remind relevant departments to take necessary rescue and cleanup measures.

[0063] The polarization data acquisition module 1 first measures the polarization state of light passing over the sea surface. Then, the data transmission module 2 transmits the polarization data acquired by the polarization data acquisition module 1 to the polarization data processing module 3. The polarization data processing module 3 receives the polarization data and performs calculations and analyses on the received polarization data through the central processing unit 31 to obtain polarization state parameter information of the polarization image. The central processing unit 31 then determines whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image to perform the first oil spill identification. If the identification result indicates that there is an oil spill, an alarm message is sent through the communication unit 33. If the result is that there is no oil spill, then the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 and the sea surface bright spot processing unit 35 of the polarization data processing module 3 in Embodiment 1 will perform polarization defogging and bright spot suppression processing on the polarization image with light polarization information. Then, the processed polarization image will be calculated and analyzed by the central processing unit 31 to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image processed by the fog-penetrating imaging processing unit 34 and the sea surface bright spot processing unit 35. The central processing unit 31 will then perform secondary oil spill identification based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image. If oil spill is detected, the communication unit 33 will send an alarm message.

[0064] By conducting two rounds of identification, we can avoid underreporting of oil spills at sea, achieve accurate identification of oil spills, help make early warnings, clean up oil spills in a timely manner, prevent further expansion of oil spills, reduce the degree of pollution to the marine ecological environment, and reduce economic losses.

[0065] The control module 4 is used to control the operation and data processing of the entire monitoring system.

[0066] The display module 5 is used to display data, including polarization image data acquired by the polarization data acquisition module 1 and processing result data of the polarization data processing module 3, so as to realize closed-loop monitoring of the entire monitoring system and thus complete the accurate monitoring of oil spills on the sea surface.

[0067] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a power supply module 6. The power supply module 6 is used to provide electrical energy for the operation of the polarization data acquisition module 1.

[0068] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a protection unit 7. The protection unit 7 is primarily used to protect the polarization data acquisition module 1, preventing it from being affected by harsh environments during the polarization data acquisition process. Specifically, the protection unit 7 can be a protective cover, fixed to the outside of the polarization data acquisition module 1, but without affecting the polarization data acquisition module 1's ability to acquire polarization data.

[0069] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a support and fixing unit 8. The support and fixing unit 8 is mainly used to fix the polarization data acquisition module 1, such as fixing the polarization data acquisition module 1 to the drone flight equipment providing the cruise, ensuring accurate monitoring of the sea surface by the polarization data acquisition module 1. Specifically, the support and fixing unit 8 can be a fixed bracket, which is securely connected to the polarization data acquisition module 1 and the drone flight equipment.

[0070] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring system can be connected to an external remote control center via wireless communication to transmit data and processing results in real time. The communication unit 33 is used to transmit alarm information, image data, and GPS signals in real time, and to receive flight signals from the ground station, ensuring timely communication between the monitoring system and the ground control center for real-time processing and analysis of monitoring data.

[0071] The oil spill monitoring system provided by this invention, which uses the polarization state of light to identify oil spills on the sea surface, is based on the polarization parameters of light and can suppress spots, penetrate fog, and identify oil spills. Compared with traditional visible light monitoring, the oil spill monitoring system based on polarized light technology has significant advantages.

[0072] Example 3 As a specific embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, referring to... Figure 4 , Figure 5 ,include: S100. Acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface. S200. The obtained polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface is processed to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. S300: Perform initial oil spill identification based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. If the identification result indicates that there is oil spill on the sea surface, the identification ends. If the identification result indicates that there is no oil spill on the sea surface, proceed to S400. S400. Perform polarization dehazing and bright spot suppression processing on the polarization image data to obtain processed polarization image data; S500: Analyze the processed polarization image data to obtain polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data; S600. Perform secondary oil spill identification based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data to obtain the identification result.

[0073] To effectively avoid underreporting of oil spills at sea, this embodiment utilizes the polarization state of light to identify oil spills. Polarized images that were not initially identified as having oil spills are processed with polarized light defogging and bright spot suppression. After removing the influence of fog and bright spots on the monitoring results, a second identification is performed, improving the accuracy of the identification and ensuring the quality of oil spill monitoring.

[0074] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, if the identification result in S300 indicates the presence of oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued, and a warning is issued upon receiving the alarm message.

[0075] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, if the identification result in S600 indicates the presence of oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued, and a warning is issued upon receiving the alarm message.

[0076] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, in S100, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used to patrol the oil spill monitoring area and acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area.

[0077] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, in S100, two polarized images, visible light and infrared, are acquired by photographing the sea surface.

[0078] By adding polarization information processing, the polarization state parameter information can be used to identify oil spill characteristics more accurately and quickly. Especially in complex marine environments, it significantly improves the sensitivity and real-time performance of monitoring, reduces the false alarm rate, and improves monitoring efficiency, thereby enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of monitoring.

[0079] The monitoring system and method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface provided by this invention can overcome the limitations of bright spots, sea fog, and oil films in the special environment of shallow seas, thereby further improving the ability to identify oil spills on the sea surface and realizing effective monitoring of oil spills on the sea surface.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any modifications or equivalent changes made based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, characterized in that, It includes a polarization data acquisition module (1), a data transmission module (2), a polarization data processing module (3), and a control module (4); The polarization data acquisition module (1) is used to acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface; The data transmission module (2) is used to transmit the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface acquired by the polarization data acquisition module (1) to the polarization data processing module (3). The polarization data processing module (3) is used to analyze and process the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface obtained by the polarization data acquisition module (1), and to make an initial identification of the oil spill on the sea surface based on the analysis and processing results. If the oil spill on the sea surface is identified, an alarm message is issued. The control module (4) is used to control the operation and data processing of the monitoring system.

2. The monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization data processing module (3) includes a fog-penetrating imaging processing unit (34) and a bright spot processing unit (35) for processing polarized light defogging and suppressing bright spots on the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area acquired by the polarization data acquisition module (1) when the polarization data processing module (3) initially identifies that there is no oil spill on the sea surface. The polarization data processing module (3) analyzes and processes the polarization image data after defogging and suppressing bright spots, and performs secondary identification of oil spill on the sea surface based on the analysis and processing results. If it is identified that there is oil spill on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued.

3. The monitoring system for identifying sea surface oil spills using the polarization state of light according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polarization data processing module (3) further includes a central processing unit (31) and a communication unit (33). The central processing unit (31) is used to analyze and process the polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area obtained by the polarization data acquisition module (1) and make an initial identification of whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface. It also analyzes and processes the polarization image data after defogging and suppressing bright spots and makes a secondary identification of whether there is an oil spill on the sea surface. The communication unit (33) is used to send out alarm information when the central processing unit (31) identifies that there is an oil spill on the sea surface.

4. The monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The polarization data processing module (3) also includes a memory (32) for storing processing results and system parameters.

5. The monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization data acquisition module (1) is equipped with a dual-path imaging system for visible light and infrared bands, used to acquire visible light image and infrared image data.

6. The monitoring system for identifying sea surface oil spills using the polarization state of light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system also includes a drone flight device equipped with the polarization data acquisition module (1).

7. The monitoring system for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system also includes a display module (5) for displaying data of the monitoring system.

8. A monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light, characterized in that, include: Acquire polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface; The obtained polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area on the sea surface is processed to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data; The initial identification of oil spills on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. If an oil spill is identified as occurring on the sea surface, an alarm message is issued.

9. The monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to claim 8, characterized in that, The initial identification of oil spills on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the polarization image data. If no oil spill is identified, the polarization image data is processed for polarization defogging and suppression of bright spots. The processed polarization image data is then analyzed to obtain the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data. A secondary identification of oil spills on the sea surface is performed based on the polarization state parameter information of the processed polarization image data. If an oil spill is identified, an alarm message is issued.

10. The monitoring method for identifying oil spills on the sea surface using the polarization state of light according to claim 8, characterized in that, The acquisition of polarization image data of the oil spill monitoring area includes acquiring visible light image data and infrared image data.

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