High-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting inhibition characteristic parameter testing device and testing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting inhibition characteristic parameter testing device and a testing method thereof. The testing device comprises a visual explosion container, a non-uniform gas distribution system, an inerting suppression injection system, an adjustable high-pressure ignition system, a flame propagation regulation and control system, a high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, a hydrogen concentration detection system, an inert gas concentration detection system and a free radical concentration acquisition system. A flame image acquisition system; and a synchronous control and data acquisition system. According to the testing device and the testing method thereof, a dynamic flame inerting inhibition transient development process and an evolution mechanism, especially a quantitative relation between critical explosion suppression condition parameters and multi-working-condition influence factors, can be obtained, and the blank of a non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting explosion suppression protection performance and influence mechanism characterization experiment device is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy protection technology, and in particular, it is a high-precision detection device and method for testing characteristic parameters of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the production and application of hydrogen are continuously expanding. However, hydrogen's characteristics, such as rapid diffusion, low ignition energy, and high combustion rate, also pose significant hazards. In confined or connected spaces, once a leak forms a non-uniform gas cloud and encounters an ignition source, an explosion is highly likely, potentially even developing into detonation propagation, thus posing a high risk to the development of the hydrogen energy industry. Therefore, understanding the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of non-uniform hydrogen, as well as the propagation laws of deflagration and detonation, and developing effective and rapid suppression technologies are of great significance for improving the safety protection level of hydrogen energy systems.

[0003] Existing suppression and protection measures mostly employ rapid-response explosion suppression research using sprayed explosion suppressants (such as fine water mist, solid explosion suppressants, etc.). Research and testing methods largely focus on the analysis of macroscopic explosion characteristic parameters under homogeneous gas mixtures and single operating conditions, with relatively insufficient systematic experimental characterization of deflagration and detonation propagation and suppression responses under non-uniform concentration fields. Furthermore, in terms of inert gas inerting suppression, existing devices often suffer from slow inerting injection response, insufficient coverage, or a single injection pattern, making it difficult to simulate the rapid response suppression process of multi-point injection inerting in reality. Traditionally used explosion suppressants are mostly discrete-phase solid or liquid explosion suppressants; in contrast, continuous inert gases would be more conducive to explosion suppression and inerting. In addition, inerting injection triggering strategies are mostly based on manual or single-delay setting control, lacking execution control based on flame or pressure event trigger response, making it difficult to accurately capture the suppression window of key targets. Meanwhile, the experiment lacked an integrated "detonation-inerting-assessment" process, which required the simultaneous and comprehensive controllable acquisition and correlation analysis of temperature field, pressure field, concentration field, flame image, and combustion reaction in time and space. This limited the reliability of extracting characteristic parameters of the explosion suppression response and analyzing its mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision detection and response testing device and method for the characteristic parameters of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression. This device can fill the gap in experimental equipment for characterizing the deflagration and protection performance and its influence mechanism of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting, and provides important theoretical support for the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry and the improvement of key safety protection technologies.

[0005] Technical Solution: The high-precision detection and response testing device for non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameters of this invention includes a visual explosion container, a non-uniform gas distribution system, an inerting suppression injection system, an adjustable high-pressure ignition system, a flame propagation control system, a high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, a hydrogen concentration detection system, an inert gas concentration detection system, a free radical concentration acquisition system, a flame image acquisition system, and a synchronous control and data acquisition system. The non-uniform gas distribution system is used to deliver hydrogen to multiple points within the visual explosion container; the inerting suppression injection system is used to form a multi-point injection inerting zone within the visual explosion container; the adjustable high-pressure ignition system is used to trigger ignition at the left end of the visual explosion container; the flame propagation control system is used to control the flame propagation speed within the visual explosion container; and the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system is used to measure the flame propagation speed within the visual explosion container. The system includes: a real-time acquisition system for flame temperature inside the container; a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system for real-time acquisition of gas pressure at multiple points inside the visualized explosion container; a hydrogen concentration detection system for real-time detection of hydrogen concentration at multiple points inside the visualized explosion container; an inert gas concentration detection system for real-time detection of inert gas at multiple points inside the visualized explosion container; a free radical concentration acquisition system for real-time acquisition of target free radical distribution inside the visualized explosion container; a flame image acquisition system for real-time acquisition of flame propagation images inside the visualized explosion container; and a synchronous control and data acquisition system for coordinated control of the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system.

[0006] Furthermore, the visual detonation container includes a visual detonation section container, a visual inerting section container, and a visual protection section container; the visual detonation section container, the visual inerting section container, and the visual protection section container are connected in series, and the left end of the visual detonation section container and the right end of the visual protection section container are closed; the visual detonation section visualization window, the visual inerting section visualization window, and the visual protection section visualization window are respectively provided on the visual detonation section container, the visual inerting section container, and the visual protection section container for observing the internal state; a vacuum pump is connected and installed on the top of the visual detonation section container.

[0007] Furthermore, the synchronization control and data acquisition system includes a timing synchronization controller and a program control and data acquisition system; the program control and data acquisition system is electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller, the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively; the timing synchronization controller is electrically connected to the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the non-uniform gas distribution system includes a hydrogen cylinder, a fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a fifth high-precision gas flow meter, a sixth high-precision gas flow meter, a seventh high-precision gas flow meter, a first hydrogen injection distribution coil, a second hydrogen injection distribution coil, and a third hydrogen injection distribution coil. The first, second, and third hydrogen injection distribution coils are installed alternately inside the visual detonation section container, and three hydrogen injection ports are connected to the visual detonation section container, respectively, and connected to the first, second, and third hydrogen injection distribution coils. The pipes are connected, and the hydrogen cylinder is connected to three hydrogen injection ports through three hydrogen delivery pipes respectively; the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve and the fifth high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the first hydrogen delivery pipe; the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve and the sixth high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the second hydrogen delivery pipe; the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the third hydrogen delivery pipe; the fifth, sixth, and seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valves are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller; the fifth, sixth, and seventh high-precision gas flow meters are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system.

[0009] Furthermore, the inerting suppression injection system includes a gas storage unit, a flame detector, a first high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a second high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a third high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve, a first high-precision gas flow meter, a second high-precision gas flow meter, a third high-precision gas flow meter, a fourth high-precision gas flow meter, a first inert gas injection distribution coil, a second inert gas injection distribution coil, a third inert gas injection distribution coil, and a fourth inert gas injection distribution coil. The first inert gas injection distribution coil is installed inside the visible detonation section container, and the second, third, and fourth inert gas injection distribution coils are installed alternately inside the visible inerting section container. The gas storage unit is connected to the first, second, third, and fourth inert gas injection distribution coils via four inert gas delivery pipes. The distribution coil is connected; a first high-sensitivity solenoid valve and a first high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the first inert gas delivery pipe; a second high-sensitivity solenoid valve and a second high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the second inert gas delivery pipe; a third high-sensitivity solenoid valve and a third high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the third inert gas delivery pipe; a fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve and a fourth high-precision gas flow meter are connected in series on the fourth inert gas delivery pipe; a flame detector is installed at the right end of the visual detonation section container to monitor the explosion flame inside the visual detonation section container in real time; the first, second, third, and fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valves are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller; the flame detector, the first, second, third, and fourth high-precision gas flow meters are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustable high-voltage ignition system includes an adjustable high-voltage ignition device and a high-voltage discharge electrode; the flame propagation control system includes a flame propagation control device; the high-voltage discharge electrode is fixedly installed through the left end face of the visual detonation section container; the adjustable high-voltage ignition device is electrically connected to the high-voltage discharge electrode through a high-voltage wire, and the timing synchronization controller is electrically connected to the adjustable high-voltage ignition device; the flame propagation control device is fixed inside the visual detonation section container, with its end close to the ignition position of the high-voltage discharge electrode.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response thermocouple, a second high-frequency response thermocouple, a third high-frequency response thermocouple, a fourth high-frequency response thermocouple, a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple, a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple, and a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple; the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, a second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, a third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, a fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, a fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, a sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor, and a seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor; the first and second high-frequency response thermocouples are alternately installed on the visual detonation section container for real-time acquisition of the temperature at two points within the visual detonation section container; the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth high-frequency response thermocouples are alternately installed on the visual inerting section container for real-time acquisition of the temperature at four points within the visual inerting section container; the seventh high-frequency response thermocouple is installed on the visual protection section container for real-time acquisition of the temperature at the left end within the visual protection section container; the first high-frequency response thermocouple... The first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor and the second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor are installed alternately on the visual detonation section container to collect the air pressure at two points inside the visual detonation section container in real time; the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensors are installed alternately on the visual inerting section container to collect the air pressure at four points inside the visual inerting section container in real time; the seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor is installed on the visual protection section container to collect the air pressure at the left end inside the visual protection section container in real time; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh high-frequency response thermocouples, as well as the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensors, are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen concentration detection system includes a first hydrogen concentration detector, a second hydrogen concentration detector, a third hydrogen concentration detector, a fourth hydrogen concentration detector, a fifth hydrogen concentration detector, a sixth hydrogen concentration detector, a seventh hydrogen concentration detector, an eighth hydrogen concentration detector, and a ninth hydrogen concentration detector; the inert gas concentration detection system includes a first inert gas concentration detector, a second inert gas concentration detector, a third inert gas concentration detector, a fourth inert gas concentration detector, a fifth inert gas concentration detector, a sixth inert gas concentration detector, and a seventh inert gas concentration detector; the first, second, and third hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual detonation section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual detonation section container in real time; the fourth, fifth, and sixth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container in real time; the seventh, eighth, and ninth ...; the ninth, eighth, and ninth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container in real time; the ninth, eighth, and ninth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container; the ninth, eighth, and ninth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container; the ninth, eighth, and ninth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container; the ninth, eighth, and ninth hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to Nine hydrogen concentration detectors are installed intermittently inside the visual protection section container to collect real-time hydrogen concentration data at three points within the container. A first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh inert gas concentration detector are also installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container to collect real-time inert gas concentration data at seven points within the container. All nine hydrogen concentration detectors are electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system.

[0013] Furthermore, the free radical concentration acquisition system includes a planar laser-induced fluorescence system; the flame image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera; the planar laser-induced fluorescence system is positioned in front of the inerting section visualization window to irradiate the inerting section visualization window with laser light and acquire the generated fluorescence signal; the high-speed camera is positioned in front of the detonation section visualization window, the inerting section visualization window, and the protection section visualization window to record the transient flame morphology inside the visualized detonation section container, the visualized inerting section container, and the visualized protection section container in real time; both the planar laser-induced fluorescence system and the high-speed camera are electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller and the program control and data acquisition system.

[0014] This invention also provides a testing method for a high-precision testing device for detecting characteristic parameters of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: First, check the sealing performance and functionality of the visual explosion container, the non-uniform gas distribution system, and the inerting suppression injection system;

[0016] Step 2: Adjust the orientation and perform functional tests on the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system so that the acquisition range of the free radical concentration acquisition system covers the detonation section visualization window and the inerting section visualization window, while the acquisition range of the flame image acquisition system covers the detonation section visualization window, the inerting section visualization window and the protection section visualization window.

[0017] Step 3: The program control and data acquisition system sends a start command to the timing synchronization controller. After receiving the start command, the timing synchronization controller drives the non-uniform gas distribution system to deliver hydrogen to multiple points in the visual detonation section container, the visual inerting section container, and the visual protection section container. At the same time, the hydrogen concentration detection system collects the hydrogen concentration at different locations in real time. After the hydrogen concentration at each location reaches the set concentration value, the non-uniform gas distribution system stops. Finally, a predetermined non-uniform hydrogen concentration field is formed in the visual detonation section container, the visual inerting section container, and the visual protection section container.

[0018] Step 4: The timing synchronization controller sends a trigger signal to the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, which ignites the hydrogen gas to initiate deflagration or detonation. The resulting flame is inside the visualized detonation section container under the action of the flame propagation control system. At the same time, the timing synchronization controller sends a trigger signal to the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system. The free radical concentration acquisition system excites the target free radicals and collects and records the generated fluorescence signals. The flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology in real time.

[0019] Step 5: After the inerting suppression injection system detects the flame, the timing synchronization controller drives and controls the inerting suppression injection system to inject inert gas into the visual detonation section container and the visual inerting section container, forming a multi-point injection inerting zone to suppress flame propagation. At the same time, the hydrogen concentration detection system detects the concentration of residual combustible gas after inerting in real time and sends it to the program control and data acquisition system. Simultaneously, the timing synchronization controller sends trigger signals to the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system. The free radical concentration acquisition system excites target free radicals and collects and records the fluorescence signal generated under inert gas suppression. The flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology under inert gas suppression in real time.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] (1) This device adopts a connection structure with an initiation section, an inerting section and a protection section. The test process is organized in the order of "initiation-inerting-evaluation", which makes the flame propagation process and suppression effect evaluation clearer in space and functional zoning, and facilitates segmented comparative analysis and evaluation of different stages. At the same time, it is conducive to unifying the initial state and operating procedures, thereby improving the repeatability of the test and the clarity and reliability of the result judgment.

[0022] (2) This device injects hydrogen and inert gas through a ring-shaped distribution coil to form a multi-point injection system, enabling controllable flow rate and monitoring. It can establish an effective non-uniform concentration zone and target inerting zone in a short time, and the coverage and inerting degree can be controlled by adjusting the branch flow and injection conditions. This structure is more reasonable in terms of design and program control, with stable performance and easy operation, facilitating high-precision detection response to the suppression and influence mechanism of non-uniform hydrogen combustion and detonation inerting.

[0023] (3) This device uses programming to correlate and control hydrogen concentration detection, flame detection, adjustable high-pressure ignition triggering, inerting suppression injection and inert gas concentration detection, so as to realize the explosion suppression research of dual strategies of timed triggering and event triggering. By configuring and switching the two types of triggering strategies, comparative tests of inert gas spraying "timed triggering" and "event triggering" can be carried out. Combined with the change law of explosion suppression characteristic parameters under multiple working conditions, the influence law of different triggering methods on explosion suppression response characteristic parameters and explosion suppression effect can be systematically evaluated, and the quantitative relationship between inerting conditions and inerting explosion suppression parameters can be established.

[0024] (4) This device can achieve inerting and explosion suppression of non-uniform hydrogen explosions in the initial stage and after accelerated propagation of flames with a determined concentration gradient, and can control the flame propagation speed upon entering the inerting region. By changing the inerting and explosion suppression conditions, it is possible to achieve quantitative analysis of non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosions under multiple operating conditions and their inerting performance characteristics, as well as the transient inerting and explosion suppression evolution process. By comprehensively analyzing the temporal and spatial transient development and changes of density field, pressure field, temperature field, velocity field, and combustion and explosion reaction, it is possible to deeply reveal the explosion suppression law and influence mechanism of inerting gas, establish a quantitative relationship model between inerting condition parameters and non-uniform gas cloud explosion characteristic parameters, and determine the critical explosion suppression conditions and criteria.

[0025] (5) This device can detect and analyze the concentration and distribution changes of residual combustible gas suppressed by inerting, and compare them with preset safety thresholds or evaluation indicators as a basis for judging the explosion suppression effect and assessing the safety margin. Through the closed-loop approach of "flow field construction - explosion propagation - inerting suppression - effect evaluation", it helps to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of inerting suppression strategies and provides a basis for practical engineering applications and theoretical improvement.

[0026] (6) Compared with traditional experimental devices, the present invention has the characteristics of novel design, diverse experimental content, many variable parameters, good visualization effect and intuitive display of experimental results, providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the explosion-proof safety protection design of building walls in petrochemical enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flame propagation control device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the two inertia spraying strategies of the present invention: timed triggering and event triggering. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, the high-precision detection response testing device for non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameters disclosed in this invention includes: a visual explosion container, a non-uniform gas distribution system, an inerting suppression injection system, an adjustable high-pressure ignition system, a flame propagation control system, a high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, a hydrogen concentration detection system, an inert gas concentration detection system, a free radical concentration acquisition system, a flame image acquisition system, and a synchronous control and data acquisition system; the non-uniform gas distribution system is used to deliver hydrogen to multiple points within the visual explosion container; the inerting suppression injection system is used to form a multi-point injection inerting zone within the visual explosion container; the adjustable high-pressure ignition system is used to trigger ignition at the left end of the visual explosion container; the flame propagation control system is used to control the flame propagation speed within the visual explosion container; and the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system is used to monitor the flame propagation speed within the visual explosion container. The system includes: a real-time acquisition system for flame temperature; a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system for multi-point real-time acquisition of gas pressure within the visualized explosion container; a hydrogen concentration detection system for multi-point real-time detection of hydrogen concentration within the visualized explosion container; an inert gas concentration detection system for multi-point real-time detection of inert gas within the visualized explosion container; a free radical concentration acquisition system for real-time acquisition of target free radical distribution within the visualized explosion container; a flame image acquisition system for real-time acquisition of flame propagation images within the visualized explosion container; and a synchronous control and data acquisition system for coordinated control of the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system.

[0034] This invention discloses a high-precision detection and response testing device for non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameters. By constructing a non-uniform hydrogen concentration field in the detonation section of a visualized explosion container and combining it with a multi-point triggering injection inerting strategy under dual-trigger detection / setting, the device uses a visualization method constructed through a free radical concentration acquisition system, a flame image acquisition system, and a synchronous control and data acquisition system to study the deflagration and detonation flame propagation characteristics, inert gas suppression effect, and detonation suppression characteristic parameter response law. This allows for the acquisition of the transient development process and evolution mechanism of dynamic flame inerting suppression, especially the quantitative relationship between critical detonation suppression condition parameters and multi-condition influencing factors, filling the gap in experimental devices for characterizing the deflagration and detonation inerting suppression protection performance and its influencing mechanism of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting.

[0035] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the visual explosion container includes a visual detonation section container 1-1, a visual inerting section container 1-2, and a visual protection section container 1-3. These three containers are connected in series via end flanges, secured and sealed with bolts and gaskets. The left end of the visual detonation section container 1-1 and the right end of the visual protection section container 1-3 are closed. Visual windows 2-1 (detonation section), 2-2 (inerting section), and 2-3 (protection section) are respectively provided on the visual detonation section container 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 to observe the internal state, facilitating observation of combustion, deflagration, and detonation propagation processes, particularly the dynamic flame inerting suppression transient development process and evolution mechanism. A vacuum pump 6 is connected and installed on the top of the visual detonation section container 1-1.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the synchronization control and data acquisition system includes a timing synchronization controller 10 and a program control and data acquisition system 11. The program control and data acquisition system 11 is electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller 10, the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively. The timing synchronization controller 10 is electrically connected to the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively.

[0037] Unified program control is achieved through a timing synchronization controller 10 and a program control and data acquisition system 11. A dual strategy of timed triggering and event triggering is employed to execute and regulate the timing and intervals of inert gas cloud explosions, inert gas injection times and durations, inert gas concentrations, and ignition times within a controllable non-uniform concentration gradient. By configuring and switching between the two triggering strategies, comparative tests of "timed triggering" and "event triggering" of inert gas spraying can be conducted. Combined with the variation patterns of explosion suppression characteristic parameters under multiple operating conditions, the impact of different triggering methods on explosion suppression response characteristic parameters and explosion suppression effects can be systematically evaluated.

[0038] The timing synchronization controller 10 issues unified trigger commands and manages the timing of actions in each system, ensuring that critical events such as ignition, valve opening, and optical acquisition work in a coordinated manner under the same time reference. The program control and data acquisition system 11 is used to control the acquisition timing and duration, and can set and adjust the control logic and parameters issued by the timing synchronization controller 10 as needed. The timing synchronization controller 10 incorporates at least two basic strategies for inerting injection triggering:

[0039] 1. Timed Trigger Strategy: Taking the ignition trigger moment as the starting point, after the preset delay time is reached, the timing synchronization controller 10 controls the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, and the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4 to open, and cooperate with the second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, the third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4 to realize the injection of inert gas with a fixed time delay. This strategy is suitable for evaluating the impact of inerting injection on flame propagation and pressure rise process under different fixed delays.

[0040] 2. Event Trigger Strategy: When the flame detector 20 outputs a flame arrival signal, or when the detection result of the high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor at a certain measuring point meets the preset event criteria, the timing synchronization controller 10 will control the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, and the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4 to open, and cooperate with the second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, the third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4 to realize inert gas injection based on the real-time response state. This strategy is suitable for automatically selecting injection to suppress explosion according to the actual development of flame propagation or pressure changes.

[0041] By simultaneously configuring both time-triggered and event-triggered inerting injection strategies in the same device, and using a program control and data acquisition system 11 to perform unified time stamping and alignment analysis on signals such as ignition time, valve action time, temperature, pressure, and concentration, comparative testing of explosion suppression response characteristic parameters under different triggering strategies can be achieved. This allows for a systematic evaluation of the influence of inerting injection timing on the suppression effect. Figure 5 The diagram shows the flowcharts for two inert spraying strategies: timed triggering and event triggering.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, the non-uniform gas distribution system includes a hydrogen cylinder 9-3, a fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5, a sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6, a seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7, a fifth high-precision gas flow meter 13-5, a sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6, a seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7, a first hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-1, a second hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-2, and a third hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-3. The first hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-1, the second hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-2, and the third hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-3 are installed alternately within the visual detonation section container 1-1 to supply hydrogen to the visual detonation section container 1-1. Three hydrogen injection ports are connected to the visual detonation section container 1-1 and are respectively connected to the first hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-1 and the second hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-2. The third hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-3 is connected to the hydrogen cylinder 9-3, which is connected to the three hydrogen injection ports through three hydrogen delivery pipes; the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5 and the fifth high-precision gas flow meter 13-5 are connected in series on the first hydrogen delivery pipe; the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6 and the sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6 are connected in series on the second hydrogen delivery pipe; the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7 and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7 are connected in series on the third hydrogen delivery pipe; the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5, the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6, and the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7 are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller 10; the fifth high-precision gas flow meter 13-5, the sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6, and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7 are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0043] The first hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-1, the second hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-2, and the third hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-3 can realize the working condition of non-uniform hydrogen cloud distribution with equal concentration gradient in the target area, as well as the time / space distribution diffusion evolution law.

[0044] To create a non-uniform concentration distribution, the first, second, and third hydrogen delivery pipes are spaced horizontally at intervals. Each of these pipes is controlled to open or close by a corresponding high-sensitivity solenoid valve and a high-precision gas flow meter. The opening sequence, opening time, duration, and flow rate settings of each branch are regulated by a timing synchronization controller 10, and are adjusted according to local conditions. Figure 2The hydrogen injection distribution coil structure shown can form a non-uniform hydrogen cloud with a defined concentration gradient within a container, thereby simulating the combustion and explosion characteristics of a non-uniform hydrogen cloud under actual working conditions. The distribution rate and uniformity of the non-uniform concentration gradient hydrogen can be controlled by changing the orifice spacing L, orifice size d, and inlet angle θ. Combining the average concentration, concentration gradient, and non-uniformity index defined by the following three formulas, the construction effect of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud under different gas distribution strategies can be quantitatively evaluated, providing definite initial conditions for deflagration and detonation propagation and inerting suppression experiments.

[0045] The formula for calculating the average concentration is: The formula for calculating the concentration gradient is: The formula for calculating the non-uniformity index is: In the formula, C(x) is the integral number of hydrogen gas at position x along the horizontal direction of the explosion container, L is the characteristic length of the channel, and C max and C min These represent the maximum and minimum volume fractions under this operating condition. G is the average concentration. x I represents the concentration gradient along the length direction. n This is an index of the non-uniformity of the concentration of non-uniform hydrogen clouds.

[0046] To enhance operational safety, ball valves are installed at critical interfaces as isolation protection valves to quickly disconnect the gas source from the container in abnormal conditions or during maintenance operations. Vacuum pump 6 is connected to the visual detonation section container 1-1 via a threaded pipeline. A ball valve is installed between the threaded pipeline and the visual detonation section container 1-1 to close the passage when necessary, protecting the vacuum pump and achieving rapid isolation of the extraction circuit. Vacuum pump 6 enables extraction and gas replacement within the overall visual explosion container, including the extraction and replacement of residual gases / products and inert gases before gas mixing, and the injection and distribution of hydrogen before the experiment. Through the above extraction, replacement, and pre-mixing pretreatment processes, the non-uniform gas mixing process becomes more controllable and reliable, thereby ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of experimental data.

[0047] like Figure 1 and 3As shown, the inerting suppression injection system includes a gas storage unit, a flame detector 20, a first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, a second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, a third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, a fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4, a first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1, a second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, a third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, a fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4, a first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, a second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, a third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and a fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4. Inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4; the first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1 is installed inside the visual detonation section container 1-1, and the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4 are installed alternately inside the visual inerting section container 1-2; the gas storage unit is connected to the first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4 respectively through four inert gas delivery pipes. The distribution coil 17-4 is connected; the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1 and the first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1 are connected in series on the first inert gas delivery pipe; the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2 and the second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2 are connected in series on the second inert gas delivery pipe; the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3 and the third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3 are connected in series on the third inert gas delivery pipe; the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4 and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4 are connected in series on the fourth inert gas delivery pipe; the flame detector 20 is installed... The right end of the visual detonation section container 1-1 is used for real-time monitoring of the explosion flame inside the visual detonation section container 1-1; the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, and the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4 are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller 10; the flame detector 20, the first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1, the second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, the third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4 are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0048] The system consists of a series structure of "high-sensitivity solenoid valve + high-precision gas flow meter", comprising a first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, a second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, a third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, a fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4, a first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1, a second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, a third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, and a fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4. The high-sensitivity solenoid valve is used to achieve rapid response opening and closing, while the high-precision gas flow meter is mainly used to control the flow rate and velocity of the incoming air.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4 are arranged along the flame propagation direction and are respectively connected to the interior of the visual detonation section container 1-1 and the visual inertization section container 1-2. This is used to form a multi-point injection inertization zone within the inertization area. This structure enables faster and more uniform distribution and dispersion of inert gas. The first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4 are all circumferential porous structures, ensuring uniform and comprehensive coverage of the inertization area without dead zones, thereby improving the uniformity of the inertization coverage space and making the inertization suppression effect more stable and reliable. The trigger signal can be obtained from the flame detector 20 as an explosion flame signal detection system and as a triggering strategy condition for the inert gas injection event, used to trigger the activation of the inertization and explosion suppression injection device.

[0050] Inert gas injection into distribution coils can suppress the weak flame in the initial stage of an explosion, and can also be used to study the inertization suppression of the accelerated propagation of the flame-shock wave and shock wave. Simultaneously, the performance of jet inertization suppression can be studied by adjusting the inertization time, duration, and signal-triggered response. Inertization suppression of the flame in the initial stage and after acceleration of a non-uniform gas cloud explosion can be achieved by using distribution coils with specific concentration gradients, and the flame propagation speed entering the inertization region can be controlled. By changing the inertization suppression conditions, quantitative analysis of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion under multiple operating conditions and its inertization performance characteristics, as well as the transient inertization suppression evolution process, can be achieved. Comprehensive comparative analysis of the density field, pressure field, temperature field, velocity field, and combustion-explosion reaction in the spatiotemporal transient development and change process can reveal the inert gas suppression law and its influencing mechanism, establish a quantitative relationship model between inertization condition parameters and non-uniform gas cloud explosion characteristic parameters, and determine critical suppression conditions and criteria.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas storage unit includes a first inert gas cylinder 9-1, a second inert gas cylinder 9-2, a high-pressure storage tank 7, and a high-precision pressure gauge 8; the outlets of the first inert gas cylinder 9-1 and the second inert gas cylinder 9-2 are connected to the high-pressure storage tank 7 through two inert gas supply pipelines; the high-precision pressure gauge 8 is installed on the high-pressure storage tank 7 and is used to detect the gas pressure intensity inside the high-pressure storage tank 7; the high-pressure storage tank 7 is connected to four inert gas delivery pipelines.

[0052] like Figure 1 and 4As shown, the adjustable high-voltage ignition system includes an adjustable high-voltage ignition device 5 and a high-voltage discharge electrode 3; the flame propagation control system includes a flame propagation control device 4; the high-voltage discharge electrode 3 is fixedly installed through the center of the flange on the left end face of the visual detonation section container 1-1 with a reserved threaded interface, and is fixed and sealed by an insulating sealing structure; the adjustable high-voltage ignition device 5 is electrically connected to the high-voltage discharge electrode 3 through a high-voltage wire, and the timing synchronization controller 10 is electrically connected to the adjustable high-voltage ignition device 5 to receive a unified ignition command and trigger an ignition signal; the adjustable high-voltage ignition device 5 can achieve different ignition energy outputs; the left end of the flame propagation control device 4 is pressed against the end of the flange on the inner end face of the visual detonation section container 1-1 by an annular pressure plate, and the end is close to the ignition position of the high-voltage discharge electrode 3.

[0053] After passing through the flame propagation control device 4, the flame propagation process can be accelerated under the action of disturbance. By changing the structural parameters such as the width, spacing and number of the annular obstacles, the flame propagation speed can be effectively controlled and the transformation of deflagration and detonation can be achieved, especially the flame propagation speed entering the inerting area of ​​the visualized inerting section container 1-2, thereby obtaining a quantitative relationship between the inerting effect and the inerting conditions under a given flame propagation speed.

[0054] The ignition trigger signal of the timing synchronization controller 10 is synchronized with the non-uniform gas cloud detection system and the inerting suppression injection system in real time for detection and command execution. The concentration of hydrogen and inert gas is detected by the program control and data acquisition system 11. This enables experimental research on the visual inerting and explosion suppression performance of hydrogen cloud explosions with a defined non-uniform concentration under different ignition conditions.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the visual detonation section container 1-1 serves as the detonation section. Its left-end central flange has a pre-reserved threaded interface. The high-voltage discharge electrode 3 is installed through this threaded interface and fixed and sealed by an insulating sealing structure. The upper end face of the visual detonation section container 1-1, near the high-voltage discharge electrode 3, has a threaded interface for installing the first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, which is used to study the flame inerting suppression effect in the early stage of the explosion.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper surface of the visual detonation section container 1-1 has a threaded interface for connecting to the vacuum pump 6, which is used to achieve the set vacuum level inside the visual detonation section container 1-1 and to inject hydrogen and form a non-uniform gas cloud concentration. The visual inerting section container 1-2 serves as the inerting section, and its top horizontal center position is provided with an injection threaded interface for connecting the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3, and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4, and to realize the injection of inert gas within the visual inerting section container 1-2 to suppress explosion.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a replacement interface is connected to the visual protection section container 1-3. A gas compressor 16 is connected to the replacement interface through a replacement pipeline. A ball valve is installed on the replacement pipeline to realize the rapid start-up, shutdown and isolation control of the replacement process. The gas compressor 16 can be used to purge, replace gas or provide auxiliary gas source for the visual protection section container 1-3 as needed, thereby improving the flexibility and safety of system operation.

[0058] like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the flame propagation control device 4 consists of two fixed screws and multiple annular baffles; each annular baffle is installed on the two fixed screws at intervals and is fixed by nuts.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1, a second high-frequency response thermocouple 18-2, a third high-frequency response thermocouple 18-3, a fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4, a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-6, and a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7; the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-1, a second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-2, a third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-3, a fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-4, a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-6, and a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7. Force sensor 19-4, fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-5, sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-6, and seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-7; first high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1 and second high-frequency response thermocouple 18-2 are installed alternately on the visual detonation section container 1-1 for real-time acquisition of temperature at two points inside the visual detonation section container 1-1; third high-frequency response thermocouple 18-3, fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4, fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, and sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 19-7... Thermocouples 18-6 are spaced apart and installed on the visual inerting section container 1-2 to collect the temperature at four points within the container in real time. A seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7 is installed on the visual protection section container 1-3 to collect the temperature at the left end within the container in real time. A first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-1 and a second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-2 are spaced apart and installed on the visual detonation section container 1-1 to collect the gas at two points within the container in the visual detonation section container 1-1. The pressure is collected in real time; the third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-3, the fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-4, the fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-5, and the sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-6 are installed alternately on the visual inerting section container 1-2 to collect the air pressure at four points in the visual inerting section container 1-2 in real time; the seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-7 is installed on the visual protection section container 1-3 to collect the air pressure at the left end of the visual protection section container 1-3 in real time.The first high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1, the second high-frequency response thermocouple 18-2, the third high-frequency response thermocouple 18-3, the fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4, the fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, the sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-6, the seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7, the first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-1, the second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-2, the third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-3, the fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-4, the fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-5, the sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-6, and the seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-7 are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0060] The temperature development and changes of the explosion flame during flame propagation and inertization suppression were recorded using a high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system. Particular attention was paid to the degree of temperature reduction in the flame during the initial stage and after accelerated propagation into the inertization zone. Through comprehensive comparative analysis of the temperature drop and flame images, the inertization suppression mechanism, influencing factors, and patterns were analyzed in depth. The correspondence between temperature drop and inertization conditions, as well as the critical inertization conditions and criteria, were proposed.

[0061] High-frequency response dynamic pressure sensors are used to record pressure decay characteristics during the initial explosion phase, upon entering the inerting zone, and after inerting suppression. Through comprehensive comparative analysis of pressure drop and flame images, the inerting suppression mechanism, influencing factors, and patterns are analyzed in depth, proposing the correspondence between pressure drop and inerting conditions, as well as critical inerting conditions and criteria. Simultaneously, the pressure rise and drop within the visual inerting section container 1-2 and the visual protective section container 1-3 can be used as judgment indicators and explosion suppression criteria.

[0062] like Figure 1As shown, the hydrogen concentration detection system includes a first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, a second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, a third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3, a fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, a fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, a sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6, a seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, an eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, and a ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-9; the inert gas concentration detection system includes a first inert gas concentration detector 22-1, a second inert gas concentration detector 22-2, a third inert gas concentration detector 22-3, a fourth inert gas concentration detector 22-4, a fifth inert gas concentration detector 22-5, and a sixth inert gas concentration detector 21-9. The detectors 22-6 and 22-7 are used for real-time acquisition of hydrogen concentration at three points within the visual detonation section container 1-1; the first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, the second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, and the third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3 are installed intermittently within the container 1-1 of the visual detonation section; the fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, and the sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6 are installed intermittently within the container 1-2 of the visual inerting section; the seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, the eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, and the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 22-7 are used for real-time acquisition of hydrogen concentration at three points within the container 1-2 of the visual inerting section; and the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-7 is used for real-time acquisition of hydrogen concentration at three points within the container 1-2 of the visual inerting section. Hydrogen gas concentration detectors 21-9 are installed intermittently within the visual protection section container 1-3 to collect real-time hydrogen gas concentration data at three points within the container. First inert gas concentration detectors 22-1, second inert gas concentration detectors 22-2, third inert gas concentration detectors 22-3, fourth inert gas concentration detectors 22-4, fifth inert gas concentration detectors 22-5, sixth inert gas concentration detectors 22-6, and seventh inert gas concentration detectors 22-7 are installed intermittently within the visual inerting section container 1-2 to collect real-time inert gas concentration data at seven points within the container. The first hydrogen gas concentration detector 21-1, the second inert gas concentration detector 22-2, the third inert gas concentration detector 22-3, the fourth inert gas concentration detector 22-4, the fifth inert gas concentration detector 22-5, the sixth inert gas concentration detector 22-6, and the seventh inert gas concentration detector 22-7 are installed intermittently within the visual inerting section container 1-2 to collect real-time inert gas concentration data at seven points within the container. The hydrogen concentration detectors 21-2, 21-3, 21-4, 21-5, 21-6, 21-7, 21-8, 21-9, 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4, 22-5, 22-6, and 22-7 are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0063] Each hydrogen concentration detector is connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11 via a signal line leading out of the container, thus sealing the container. This allows for real-time monitoring and control of hydrogen concentration distribution changes within the corresponding container. Before the experiment, the hydrogen concentration detectors monitor and characterize the diffusion of non-uniform hydrogen cloud concentration distribution. After inerting injection, the hydrogen concentration in the visualized inerting section containers 1-2 and the visualized protection section containers 1-3 can be detected to analyze and evaluate the correlation between hydrogen and inerting gas concentrations after inerting suppression. The hydrogen concentration data can also serve as a signal trigger command for the inerting suppression injection system, providing a basis for judging the establishment and suppression effect of the inerting concentration, and a reference for subsequent experimental condition adjustments and safety recovery operations.

[0064] Each inert gas concentration detector is evenly distributed inside the visual inerting section container 1-2. Each detector is connected to the program control and data acquisition system 11 via a signal line extending from the outside of the container, thus sealing the container. This system is used to monitor the concentration distribution changes of the inert gas during the injection process and to determine the concentration and distribution of the inert gas during inerting. During the inert gas injection and subsequent diffusion stages, the inert gas concentration detection system can reflect the distribution changes of the inerting degree at multiple points over time, used to determine whether the inert gas injection covers the target area and whether the inerting area is spatially uniform. Combined with relevant test data such as temperature, pressure, and flame signals, the inerting injection conditions can be optimized, providing a basis for setting the injection scheme and improving suppression stability.

[0065] The seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, the eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, and the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-9 enable real-time and phased detection and recording of residual combustible gas concentration within the visualized protection section containers 1-3 after inerting and explosion suppression, forming a monitoring system for the distribution and changes in residual hydrogen concentration. The detection results can be compared with preset safety concentration limits or evaluation standards, serving as a basis for judging the explosion suppression effect and assessing the overall safety status. By analyzing whether the residual combustible gas concentration within the protection assessment section is below the safety threshold, and combining this with information such as temperature, pressure, flame, and inert gas concentration, it is possible to determine whether the inerting suppression is sufficient and whether there is a risk of reignition, thus providing a reference for subsequent repeated tests or engineering applications.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, the free radical concentration acquisition system includes a planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14; the flame image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera 15; the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 is located in front of the inerting section visualization window 2-2, and is used to irradiate the inerting section visualization window 2-2 with laser and acquire the generated fluorescence signal; the high-speed camera 15 is located in front of the detonation section visualization window 2-1, the inerting section visualization window 2-2, and the protection section visualization window 2-3, and is used to record the transient flame morphology in the visualization detonation section container 1-1, the visualization inerting section container 1-2, and the visualization protection section container 1-3 in real time; the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 and the high-speed camera 15 are both electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller 10 and the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0067] The planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 forms an optical path for laser incident light and fluorescence signal acquisition. During the experiment, the laser beam forms a measurement plane within the container to excite the target free radical components within that region. The generated fluorescence signal is collected by an imaging lens and recorded by an imaging device to reflect the distribution of free radicals during the explosion reaction and their changes over time. A timing synchronization controller 10 and a program control and data acquisition system 11 control the triggering and data acquisition of the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14. The free radical field image is synchronized with and compared with measured parameters such as temperature, pressure, and gas concentration, as well as the actions executed by each system. This provides a more intuitive evaluation of the impact of inert gas injection on free radical distribution and combustion intensity, offering a reference for explosion suppression mechanism research and operational condition optimization.

[0068] A high-speed camera 15 is used to record in real time the transient flame morphology, propagation path, front position, and evolution after inerting suppression, providing a direct visual representation of the dynamic processes of flame propagation and inerting suppression. A timing synchronization controller 10 and a program control and data acquisition system 11 control the acquisition and adjustment of images from the high-speed camera 15. Furthermore, the flame images are synchronized with and compared with measured parameters such as temperature, pressure, and gas concentration, as well as the actions executed by various systems, to more comprehensively reveal the temporal relationships and response patterns of flame propagation characteristics and the inerting suppression process. In addition, the correlation formulas for the flame propagation speed upon entering the inerting region and the propagation distance within the inerting region, and the inerting gas concentration are established as follows: , In the formula, V is the average propagation speed of the flame entering the inertization region, and L... max c is the maximum propagation distance of the flame within the inertization region. i I represents the volume fraction of inert gas within the inertization region. n Δt represents the concentration non-uniformity index of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud, and Δt represents the inerting injection delay time.

[0069] The test method of the high-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter test device disclosed in this invention includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: First, inspect the sealing performance and functionality of the visual explosion container, the non-uniform gas distribution system, and the inerting suppression injection system. Specifically, check the sealing performance of the visual detonation section container 1-1, the visual inerting section container 1-2, and the visual protection section container 1-3. Confirm that the visual windows 2-1 (detonation section), 2-2 (inerting section), and 2-3 (protection section) are securely installed and free from leakage risks. Next, check the connection status of each pipeline in the non-uniform gas distribution system and the inerting suppression injection system, and confirm the connection status of the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4, and the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5. The sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6, the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7, the first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1, the second high-precision gas flow meter 13-2, the third high-precision gas flow meter 13-3, the fourth high-precision gas flow meter 13-4, the fifth high-precision gas flow meter 13-5, the sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6, and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7 are functioning normally. The first inert gas cylinder 9-1, the second inert gas cylinder 9-2, the high-pressure storage tank 7, and the hydrogen cylinder 9-3 are intact. The high-precision pressure gauge 8 indicates normally. Then, restart the timing synchronization controller 10 and the program control and data acquisition system 11, and check the first high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1 and the second high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1. 2. Third high-frequency response thermocouple 18-3, fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4, fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-6, seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7, first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-1, second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-2, third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-3, fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-4, fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-5, sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-6, seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-7, first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3. The signals from the fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, the sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6, the seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, the eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-9, the first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, the second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, the third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3, the fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, the sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6, the seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, the eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-9, and the flame detector 20 are checked for stability, and the sampling channel and time marker settings are completed.

[0071] Step 2: Adjust the orientation and perform functional tests on the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system to ensure that the acquisition range of the free radical concentration acquisition system covers the inerting section visualization window 2-2, while the acquisition range of the flame image acquisition system covers the detonation section visualization window 2-1, the inerting section visualization window 2-2, and the protection section visualization window 2-3. Adjust the optical path and sheet light position of the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 through the inerting section visualization window 2-2 to cover the target area. Fix the installation position and focal length of the high-speed camera 15 of the flame image acquisition system to ensure that the field of view covers the key areas of the detonation section visualization window 2-1, the inerting section visualization window 2-2, and the protection section visualization window 2-3. Set the synchronization mode with the ignition trigger by the timing synchronization controller 10 and establish an optical trigger time channel in the program control and data acquisition system 11.

[0072] Step 3: The program control and data acquisition system 11 sends a start command to the timing synchronization controller 10. After receiving the start command, the timing synchronization controller 10 drives the non-uniform gas distribution system to deliver hydrogen to multiple points in the visual detonation section container 1-1, the visual inerting section container 1-2, and the visual protection section container 1-3. At the same time, the hydrogen concentration detection system collects the hydrogen concentration at different locations in real time. After the hydrogen concentration at each location reaches the set concentration value, the non-uniform gas distribution system stops. Finally, a predetermined non-uniform hydrogen concentration field is formed in the visual detonation section container 1-1, the visual inerting section container 1-2, and the visual protection section container 1-3.

[0073] During hydrogen delivery, hydrogen cylinder 9-3 is first opened, and hydrogen is then delivered through multiple branches within the visualized detonation section container 1-1 via the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5, the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6, the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7, the fifth high-precision gas flow meter 13-5, the sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6, the seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7, the first hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-1, the second hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-2, and the third hydrogen injection distribution coil 23-3. Hydrogen is released in a circumferential, time-division manner to form a predetermined non-uniform hydrogen concentration field. Then, the first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, the second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, the third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3, the fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, and the sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6 are used to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution of hydrogen concentration at different locations in real time and compare it with the target concentration distribution. Once the target concentration distribution is reached and stabilized, the relevant high-sensitivity solenoid valves are closed, and the device enters standby mode.

[0074] Step 4: The timing synchronization controller 10 sends a trigger signal to the adjustable high-voltage ignition device 5 of the adjustable high-voltage ignition system. The high-voltage discharge electrode 3 of the adjustable high-voltage ignition system ignites and triggers hydrogen deflagration or detonation. The generated flame is inside the visualized detonation section container 1-1 under the action of the flame propagation control device 4 of the flame propagation control system. At the same time, the timing synchronization controller 10 sends a trigger signal to the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 of the free radical concentration acquisition system and the high-speed camera 15 of the flame image acquisition system. The planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 of the free radical concentration acquisition system excites the target free radicals and collects and records the generated fluorescence signal. The high-speed camera 15 of the flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology in real time.

[0075] Step 5: After the flame detector 20 of the inerting suppression injection system detects the flame, the timing synchronization controller 10 drives and controls the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4, the first high-precision gas flow meter 13-1, the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, and the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4 of the inerting suppression injection system to inject inert gas into the visual detonation section container 1-1 and the visual inerting section container 1-2, forming a multi-point injection inerting zone to suppress flame propagation;

[0076] During inert gas injection, inert gas is released from the first inert gas cylinder 9-1 and the second inert gas cylinder 9-2 into the high-pressure storage tank 7 for pressure stabilization. Then, it is injected into the visual detonation section container 1-1 and the visual inertization section container 1-2 through the first inert gas injection distribution coil 17-1, the second inert gas injection distribution coil 17-2, the third inert gas injection distribution coil 17-3 and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil 17-4. A multi-point spray inertization zone is formed in the visual inertization section container 1-2 to suppress flame propagation.

[0077] Simultaneously, the concentration of residual combustible gas after inerting is detected in real time by the seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, the eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, and the ninth hydrogen concentration detector 21-9 of the hydrogen concentration detection system within the visualized protection section container 1-3. This data is then sent to the program control and data acquisition system 11 to evaluate the explosion suppression effect and safety margin. At the same time, the timing synchronization controller 10 sends trigger signals to the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 of the free radical concentration acquisition system and the high-speed camera 15 of the flame image acquisition system. The planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 of the free radical concentration acquisition system excites the target free radicals and collects and records the fluorescence signals generated under inert gas suppression. The high-speed camera 15 of the flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology under inert gas suppression in real time.

[0078] During the testing process of the testing device, the program control and data acquisition system 11 synchronously acquires data from the first high-frequency response thermocouple 18-1, the second high-frequency response thermocouple 18-2, the third high-frequency response thermocouple 18-3, the fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4, the fifth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-5, the sixth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-6, the seventh high-frequency response thermocouple 18-7, the first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-1, the second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-2, the third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-3, and the fourth high-frequency response thermocouple 18-4. Response dynamic pressure sensor 19-4, fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-5, sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-6, seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor 19-7, first hydrogen concentration detector 21-1, second hydrogen concentration detector 21-2, third hydrogen concentration detector 21-3, fourth hydrogen concentration detector 21-4, fifth hydrogen concentration detector 21-5, sixth hydrogen concentration detector 21-6, seventh hydrogen concentration detector 21-7, eighth hydrogen concentration detector 21-8, ninth hydrogen concentration sensor Inert gas concentration detectors 21-9, 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4, 22-5, 22-6, 22-7, 13-1, 13-2, 13-3, 13-4, 13-5, 22-6, 22-7, 13-1, 13-2, 13-3, 13-4, 13-5, 13-6, 13 ... The system collects data from the first high-precision gas flow meter 13-5, the sixth high-precision gas flow meter 13-6, and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter 13-7. It also records the opening and closing actions of the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-1, the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-2, the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-3, the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-4, the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-5, the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-6, and the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve 12-7 by the timing synchronization controller 10, and marks the timestamps under a unified time reference provided by the timing synchronization controller 10. Simultaneously, it records the trigger times of the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14 and the high-speed camera 15, enabling precise temporal correlation between the optical image and the data from various sensors.

[0079] After the experiment, the gas supply to the first inert gas cylinder 9-1, the second inert gas cylinder 9-2, and the hydrogen cylinder 9-3 was shut off. The visual detonation section container 1-1, the visual inerting section container 1-2, and the visual protection section container 1-3 were purged, replaced, and safely discharged. The visual windows 2-1 (detonation section), 2-2 (inerting section), and 2-3 (protection section) were inspected and cleaned. Subsequently, all data from the program control and data acquisition system 11, the planar laser-induced fluorescence system 14, and the high-speed camera 15 were compiled. This data will be used to extract explosion suppression response characteristic parameters based on information such as temperature, pressure, gas concentration, and flame images, to analyze the inerting suppression effect, and to provide a basis for optimizing operating conditions.

[0080] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision testing device for detecting characteristic parameters of non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression, characterized in that, This system includes a visual explosion container, a non-uniform gas distribution system, an inerting suppression injection system, an adjustable high-pressure ignition system, a flame propagation control system, a high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, a high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, a hydrogen concentration detection system, an inert gas concentration detection system, a free radical concentration acquisition system, a flame image acquisition system, and a synchronous control and data acquisition system. The non-uniform gas distribution system delivers hydrogen to multiple points within the visual explosion container; the inerting suppression injection system creates a multi-point inerting zone within the container; the adjustable high-pressure ignition system triggers ignition at the left end of the container; the flame propagation control system regulates the flame propagation speed within the container; the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system acquires the flame temperature in real time; and the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system... The system is used to collect real-time data on gas pressure at multiple points within the visualized explosion container; the hydrogen concentration detection system is used to detect hydrogen concentration at multiple points within the visualized explosion container in real time; the inert gas concentration detection system is used to detect inert gas at multiple points within the visualized explosion container in real time; the free radical concentration acquisition system is used to collect real-time data on the distribution of target free radicals within the visualized explosion container; the flame image acquisition system is used to collect real-time images of flame propagation within the visualized explosion container; and the synchronous control and data acquisition system is used to coordinate and control the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system.

2. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual detonation container includes a visual detonation section container (1-1), a visual inerting section container (1-2), and a visual protection section container (1-3); the visual detonation section container (1-1), the visual inerting section container (1-2), and the visual protection section container (1-3) are connected in series, and the left end of the visual detonation section container (1-1) and the right end of the visual protection section container (1-3) are closed; the visual detonation section visualization window (2-1), the visual inerting section visualization window (2-2), and the visual protection section visualization window (2-3) for observing the internal state are respectively provided on the visual detonation section container (1-1), the visual inerting section container (1-2), and the visual protection section container (1-3); a vacuum pump (6) is connected and installed on the top of the visual detonation section container (1-1).

3. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronization control and data acquisition system includes a timing synchronization controller (10) and a program control and data acquisition system (11); the program control and data acquisition system (11) is electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller (10), the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system, the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system, the hydrogen concentration detection system, the inert gas concentration detection system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively; the timing synchronization controller (10) is electrically connected to the non-uniform gas distribution system, the inerting suppression injection system, the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, the free radical concentration acquisition system, and the flame image acquisition system, respectively.

4. The high-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The non-uniform gas distribution system includes a hydrogen cylinder (9-3), a fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-5), a sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-6), a seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-7), a fifth high-precision gas flow meter (13-5), a sixth high-precision gas flow meter (13-6), a seventh high-precision gas flow meter (13-7), a first hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-1), a second hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-2), and a third hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-3). The first hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-1), the second hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-2), and the third hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-3) are installed alternately inside the visual detonation section container (1-1), and three hydrogen injection ports are connected to the visual detonation section container (1-1) and respectively to the first hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-1), the second hydrogen injection distribution coil (23-2), and the third hydrogen injection distribution coil. The coil (23-3) is connected, and the hydrogen cylinder (9-3) is connected to the three hydrogen injection ports through three hydrogen delivery pipes respectively; the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-5) and the fifth high-precision gas flow meter (13-5) are connected in series on the first hydrogen delivery pipe; the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-6) and the sixth high-precision gas flow meter (13-6) are connected in series on the second hydrogen delivery pipe; the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-7) and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter (13-7) are connected in series on the third hydrogen delivery pipe; the fifth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-5), the sixth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-6) and the seventh high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-7) are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller (10); the fifth high-precision gas flow meter (13-5), the sixth high-precision gas flow meter (13-6) and the seventh high-precision gas flow meter (13-7) are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system (11).

5. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inerting suppression injection system includes a gas storage unit, a flame detector (20), a first high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-1), a second high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-2), a third high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-3), a fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-4), a first high-precision gas flow meter (13-1), a second high-precision gas flow meter (13-2), a third high-precision gas flow meter (13-3), a fourth high-precision gas flow meter (13-4), a first inert gas injection distribution coil (17-1), a second inert gas injection distribution coil (17-2), a third inert gas injection distribution coil (17-3), and a fourth inert gas injection distribution coil (17-4). Gas injection distribution coil (17-4); the first inert gas injection distribution coil (17-1) is installed inside the visual detonation section container (1-1), and the second inert gas injection distribution coil (17-2), the third inert gas injection distribution coil (17-3), and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil (17-4) are installed alternately inside the visual inerting section container (1-2); the gas storage unit is connected to the first inert gas injection distribution coil (17-1), the second inert gas injection distribution coil (17-2), the third inert gas injection distribution coil (17-3), and the fourth inert gas injection distribution coil (17-4) respectively through four inert gas delivery pipes. The coil (17-4) is connected; the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-1) and the first high-precision gas flow meter (13-1) are connected in series on the first inert gas delivery pipe; the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-2) and the second high-precision gas flow meter (13-2) are connected in series on the second inert gas delivery pipe; the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-3) and the third high-precision gas flow meter (13-3) are connected in series on the third inert gas delivery pipe; the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-4) and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter (13-4) are connected in series on the fourth inert gas delivery pipe; the flame detector (20) is installed on the visual detonation device. The right end of the segment container (1-1) is used for real-time monitoring of the explosion flame inside the visual detonation segment container (1-1); the first high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-1), the second high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-2), the third high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-3) and the fourth high-sensitivity solenoid valve (12-4) are all electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller (10); the flame detector (20), the first high-precision gas flow meter (13-1), the second high-precision gas flow meter (13-2), the third high-precision gas flow meter (13-3) and the fourth high-precision gas flow meter (13-4) are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system (11).

6. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustable high-voltage ignition system includes an adjustable high-voltage ignition device (5) and a high-voltage discharge electrode (3); the flame propagation control system includes a flame propagation control device (4); the high-voltage discharge electrode (3) is fixedly installed through the left end face of the visual detonation section container (1-1); the adjustable high-voltage ignition device (5) is electrically connected to the high-voltage discharge electrode (3) through a high-voltage wire, and the timing synchronization controller (10) is electrically connected to the adjustable high-voltage ignition device (5); the flame propagation control device (4) is fixed inside the visual detonation section container (1-1), and its end is close to the ignition position of the high-voltage discharge electrode (3).

7. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-frequency temperature dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response thermocouple (18-1), a second high-frequency response thermocouple (18-2), a third high-frequency response thermocouple (18-3), a fourth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-4), a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-5), a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-6), and a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple (18-7); the high-frequency pressure dynamic acquisition system includes a first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-1), a second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-2), a third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-3), and a fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor. The device includes a fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-4), a sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-6), and a seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-7); a first high-frequency response thermocouple (18-1) and a second high-frequency response thermocouple (18-2) are installed at intervals on the visual detonation section container (1-1) to collect the temperature at two points inside the visual detonation section container (1-1) in real time; a third high-frequency response thermocouple (18-3), a fourth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-4), a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-5), and a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple (19-7) are installed on the visual detonation section container (1-1) to collect the temperature at two points inside the visual detonation section container (1-1) in real time; and a sixth high-frequency response thermocouple (19-3), a fourth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-4), a fifth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-5), and a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple (19-7). Thermocouples (18-6) are installed intermittently on the visual inerting section container (1-2) to collect the temperature at four points inside the visual inerting section container (1-2) in real time; a seventh high-frequency response thermocouple (18-7) is installed on the visual protection section container (1-3) to collect the temperature at the left end inside the visual protection section container (1-3) in real time; a first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-1) and a second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-2) are installed intermittently on the visual detonation section container (1-1) to collect the temperature at two points inside the visual detonation section container (1-1). The air pressure is collected in real time; the third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-3), the fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-4), the fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-5), and the sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-6) are installed alternately on the visual inerting section container (1-2) to collect the air pressure at four points in the visual inerting section container (1-2) in real time; the seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-7) is installed on the visual protection section container (1-3) to collect the air pressure at the left end of the visual protection section container (1-3) in real time.The first high-frequency response thermocouple (18-1), the second high-frequency response thermocouple (18-2), the third high-frequency response thermocouple (18-3), the fourth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-4), the fifth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-5), the sixth high-frequency response thermocouple (18-6), the seventh high-frequency response thermocouple (18-7), the first high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-1), the second high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-2), the third high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-3), the fourth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-4), the fifth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-5), the sixth high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-6), and the seventh high-frequency response dynamic pressure sensor (19-7) are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system (11).

8. The high-precision detection and response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrogen concentration detection system includes a first hydrogen concentration detector (21-1), a second hydrogen concentration detector (21-2), a third hydrogen concentration detector (21-3), a fourth hydrogen concentration detector (21-4), a fifth hydrogen concentration detector (21-5), a sixth hydrogen concentration detector (21-6), a seventh hydrogen concentration detector (21-7), an eighth hydrogen concentration detector (21-8), and a ninth hydrogen concentration detector (21-9); the inert gas concentration detection system includes a first inert gas concentration detector (22-1) and a second inert gas concentration detector. (22-2), third inert gas concentration detector (22-3), fourth inert gas concentration detector (22-4), fifth inert gas concentration detector (22-5), sixth inert gas concentration detector (22-6), and seventh inert gas concentration detector (22-7); first hydrogen concentration detector (21-1), second hydrogen concentration detector (21-2), and third hydrogen concentration detector (21-3) are installed intermittently inside the visual detonation section container (1-1) to monitor the hydrogen concentration at three points within the visual detonation section container (1-1). Real-time data collection; the fourth hydrogen concentration detector (21-4), the fifth hydrogen concentration detector (21-5), and the sixth hydrogen concentration detector (21-6) are installed intermittently inside the visual inerting section container (1-2) to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual inerting section container (1-2); the seventh hydrogen concentration detector (21-7), the eighth hydrogen concentration detector (21-8), and the ninth hydrogen concentration detector (21-9) are installed intermittently inside the visual protection section container (1-3) to collect hydrogen concentration data at three points within the visual protection section container (1-3). The hydrogen concentration at each point is collected in real time; the first inert gas concentration detector (22-1), the second inert gas concentration detector (22-2), the third inert gas concentration detector (22-3), the fourth inert gas concentration detector (22-4), the fifth inert gas concentration detector (22-5), the sixth inert gas concentration detector (22-6), and the seventh inert gas concentration detector (22-7) are installed intermittently in the visual inertization section container (1-2) to collect the inert gas concentration at seven points in the visual inertization section container (1-2) in real time;The first hydrogen concentration detector (21-1), the second hydrogen concentration detector (21-2), the third hydrogen concentration detector (21-3), the fourth hydrogen concentration detector (21-4), the fifth hydrogen concentration detector (21-5), the sixth hydrogen concentration detector (21-6), the seventh hydrogen concentration detector (21-7), the eighth hydrogen concentration detector (21-8), the ninth hydrogen concentration detector (21-9), the first inert gas concentration detector (22-1), the second inert gas concentration detector (22-2), the third inert gas concentration detector (22-3), the fourth inert gas concentration detector (22-4), the fifth inert gas concentration detector (22-5), the sixth inert gas concentration detector (22-6), and the seventh inert gas concentration detector (22-7) are all electrically connected to the program control and data acquisition system (11).

9. The high-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The free radical concentration acquisition system includes a planar laser-induced fluorescence system (14); the flame image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera (15); the planar laser-induced fluorescence system (14) is set in front of the inerting section visualization window (2-2) and is used to irradiate the inerting section visualization window (2-2) with laser and acquire the generated fluorescence signal; the high-speed camera (15) is set in front of the detonation section visualization window (2-1), the inerting section visualization window (2-2) and the protection section visualization window (2-3) and is used to record the transient flame morphology in the visualization detonation section container (1-1), the visualization inerting section container (1-2) and the visualization protection section container (1-3) in real time; the planar laser-induced fluorescence system (14) and the high-speed camera (15) are both electrically connected to the timing synchronization controller (10) and the program control and data acquisition system (11).

10. A test method for the high-precision detection response non-uniform hydrogen deflagration and detonation inerting suppression characteristic parameter testing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, check the sealing performance and functionality of the visual explosion container, the non-uniform gas distribution system, and the inerting suppression injection system; Step 2: Adjust the orientation and perform functional tests on the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system so that the acquisition range of the free radical concentration acquisition system covers the detonation section visualization window (2-1) and the inerting section visualization window (2-2), while the acquisition range of the flame image acquisition system covers the detonation section visualization window (2-1), the inerting section visualization window (2-2), and the protection section visualization window (2-3). Step 3: The program control and data acquisition system (11) sends a start command to the timing synchronization controller (10). After receiving the start command, the timing synchronization controller (10) drives the non-uniform gas distribution system to deliver hydrogen to multiple points in the visual detonation section container (1-1), the visual inerting section container (1-2), and the visual protection section container (1-3). At the same time, the hydrogen concentration detection system collects the hydrogen concentration at different locations in real time. After the hydrogen concentration at each location reaches the set concentration value, the non-uniform gas distribution system stops. Finally, a predetermined non-uniform hydrogen concentration field is formed in the visual detonation section container (1-1), the visual inerting section container (1-2), and the visual protection section container (1-3). Step 4: The timing synchronization controller (10) sends a trigger signal to the adjustable high-pressure ignition system, which ignites the hydrogen gas to cause deflagration or detonation. The resulting flame is inside the visualized detonation section container (1-1) under the action of the flame propagation control system. At the same time, the timing synchronization controller (10) sends a trigger signal to the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system. The free radical concentration acquisition system excites the target free radicals and collects and records the generated fluorescence signal. The flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology in real time. Step 5: After the inerting suppression injection system detects the flame, the timing synchronization controller (10) drives and controls the inerting suppression injection system to inject inert gas into the visual detonation section container (1-1) and the visual inerting section container (1-2) to form a multi-point injection inerting zone to suppress flame propagation. At the same time, the hydrogen concentration detection system detects the concentration of residual combustible gas after inerting in real time and sends it to the program control and data acquisition system (11). Meanwhile, the timing synchronization controller (10) sends trigger signals to the free radical concentration acquisition system and the flame image acquisition system. The free radical concentration acquisition system excites the target free radicals and collects and records the fluorescence signal generated under inert gas suppression. The flame image acquisition system collects the transient flame morphology under inert gas suppression in real time.

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