RFID-based cold storage tray and storage location accurate tracing method, device and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold storage tray and storage location accurate tracing method, device and system based on RFID. The method comprises the steps that an RFID reader-writer is controlled to read tray RFID tags and storage location RFID tags in the operation process of trays, and read information is obtained; in a preset association time window, performing association calculation on the unique tray identification code and the unique storage location identification code in the same operation process to obtain an association result; determining a corresponding positioning result based on the association result; and based on the positioning result, updating inventory data and generating tray circulation track data so as to realize tracing of the tray in the storage location dimension. According to the method, the tray and storage location double-label information is collected in real time in the operation links such as warehousing / transferring / ex-warehousing, association positioning is carried out in combination with the preset association time window and the read signal intensity, accurate positioning and full-process track tracing of the tray in the storage location dimension are achieved, and therefore the timeliness and accuracy of updating of the storage data of the refrigeration house are improved, and the storage efficiency of the refrigeration house is improved. And misplacement, scanning omission and inventory cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cold chain warehousing technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations based on RFID. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of cold chain warehousing, cold storage operations are characterized by high-frequency inbound, outbound, and inbound processes. Pallets move rapidly between different storage locations, and factors such as low temperatures, frost, and metal shelving can easily affect the efficiency of identification and manual operations. In this context, if the binding of pallets to storage locations relies primarily on manual barcode scanning, paper records, or single-time barcode confirmation, issues such as inaccurate binding, untimely updates during transfers, and data confusion caused by multiple pallets being handled simultaneously often arise. This leads to problems such as misplacement and picking, discrepancies between records and actual inventory, and difficulty in reconstructing pallet trajectories based on "storage location" afterward.

[0003] In existing practices, one type of solution only collects data once at the inbound or outbound node, lacking effective records of processes such as warehouse transfer, resulting in the inability to continuously and accurately update the relationship between pallets and warehouse locations. Another type of solution, although introducing RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), mostly establishes the pallet-warehouse location relationship in a "read and bind" manner, without performing association calculations between pallet codes and warehouse location codes based on a preset association time window during the same operation. This can easily lead to misassociations when multiple pallets are operated in parallel or adjacent warehouse locations are read at the same time, making the positioning results unreliable. This further results in inaccurate inventory data updates, incomplete warehouse location-level flow trajectories, and difficulty in achieving accurate traceability.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is included only to enhance the understanding of the context of this disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute relevant technology currently known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, device, and system for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations based on RFID, in order to solve the problems of inaccurate binding of pallets and storage locations, untimely inventory updates, and difficulty in achieving storage location-level traceability.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: Firstly, this application provides a method for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations based on RFID, the method comprising: The RFID reader is controlled to read the RFID tags on the pallet and the RFID tags on the storage location during the pallet operation process to obtain reading information; wherein the operation process includes at least inbound, outbound and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the unique identification code of the pallet, the unique identification code of the storage location, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; Within a preset association time window, the unique pallet identifier and the unique storage location identifier in the same operation process are associated and calculated to obtain the association result. The corresponding location result is determined based on the correlation results; The system updates inventory data based on the location results and generates pallet flow trajectory data to enable pallet traceability at the storage location level.

[0007] This application collects pallet and storage location dual-tag information in real time during operations such as warehousing / transfer / outbound, and performs correlation positioning by combining preset association time windows and reading signal strength, thereby achieving accurate positioning of pallets in storage locations and full-process trajectory traceability, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of cold storage inventory data updates and reducing costs of misplacement, missed scanning and inventory counting.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, after obtaining the read information and before performing the association calculation, the method further includes: performing time synchronization and validity verification on the read information.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, time synchronization of the read information includes: The local clock is calibrated based on network time synchronization to ensure consistent time reading. Alternatively, the reading time can be converted based on the time reference of the RFID reader to unify the reading time.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the validity of the read information is validated, including: Perform duplicate reading and deduplication on the read information; Perform a validity check on the unique identification code of the pallet and / or the unique identification code of the storage location; Verify the integrity of the timestamp used for reading; Remove read information whose signal strength is lower than a preset signal strength threshold.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, within a preset association time window, the unique pallet identifier and the unique storage location identifier for the same operation process are associated and calculated to obtain the association result, including: Within a preset associated time window, a set of candidate unique warehouse location identification codes related to the unique pallet identification codes in the same operation process is determined based on the unique warehouse location identification code. Statistical analysis of the number of simultaneous occurrences of the unique pallet identifier and the unique identifier of each candidate storage location in the set of candidate storage location unique identifiers, and / or the reading signal strength; Calculate the association confidence between the unique pallet identifier and the unique identifier of each candidate storage location based on the number of simultaneous occurrences and / or the reading signal strength. The unique identifier of the pallet and the unique identifier of each candidate storage location, along with their corresponding association confidence scores, are stored as association results.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the corresponding location result is determined based on the association result, including: For the same pallet unique identifier, obtain multiple candidate warehouse location unique identifiers corresponding to the pallet unique identifier and their association confidence from the association results; Select the storage location unique identifier with the highest association confidence level that is higher than the preset confidence threshold as the target storage location unique identifier corresponding to the pallet unique identifier; Establish a one-to-one correspondence between the unique identification code of the pallet and the unique identification code of the target storage location to obtain the location result of the pallet in the storage location dimension.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, inventory data is updated based on the positioning results and pallet flow trajectory data is generated, including: During pallet receiving operations, the storage location corresponding to the location result is written into the current storage location field of the pallet, and the occupancy status of the corresponding storage location is marked as occupied; When a pallet is dispatched, the current storage location field of the pallet is set to empty, and the occupancy status of the corresponding storage location is marked as available. During pallet transfer operations, the current location field of the pallet is updated from the source location before the transfer to the target location after the transfer, and the occupancy status of the source and target locations is updated synchronously.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision tracking device, which includes: The information acquisition module is used to control the RFID reader to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during the pallet operation process to obtain the reading information; wherein, the operation process includes at least inbound, transfer and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; The association calculation module is used to perform association calculations on the unique pallet identification code and the unique storage location identification code in the same operation process within a preset association time window, and obtain the association results. The location determination module is used to determine the corresponding location result based on the association results; The data update module is used to update inventory data based on the location results and generate pallet flow trajectory data to enable pallet traceability at the storage location level.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides an RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision traceability system, which includes: A pallet RFID tag is attached to the pallet to store the pallet's unique identification code; RFID tags for cold storage locations are installed at the cold storage locations and are used to store unique identification codes for those locations. At least one RFID reader is used to read pallet RFID tags and storage location RFID tags during pallet receiving, transfer and / or outbound operations, and generate reading information; wherein the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength. The cold storage control terminal is communicatively connected to an RFID reader / writer and is used to execute the method steps in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0016] Fourthly, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed by the processor, implement the methods in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0017] Fifthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0018] Sixthly, this application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0019] The beneficial effects of aspects two through six above can be referred to in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and will not be elaborated here. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be partly apparent from the description below, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is one of the flowcharts of the RFID-based method for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is the second flowchart of the RFID-based method for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is one of the sub-step diagrams of step S201 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S201 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S103 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S105 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S107 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and storage location accurate traceability device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and storage location precision traceability system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0024] The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," and other ordinal terms used in this application may be used to describe various constituent elements, but these constituent elements are not limited by these terms. The purpose of using these terms is solely to distinguish one constituent element from others and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first constituent element may be named a second constituent element, and similarly, a second constituent element may be named a first constituent element.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts for an RFID-based method for precise traceability of cold storage pallets and locations provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, this RFID-based method for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations includes at least the following steps: S101: Control the RFID reader to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during the pallet operation process to obtain reading information; wherein, the operation process includes at least inbound, transfer and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; S103: Within the preset association time window, perform association calculations on the unique pallet identification code and the unique storage location identification code in the same operation process to obtain the association result; S105: Determine the corresponding location result based on the association result; S107: Update inventory data based on location results and generate pallet flow trajectory data to enable pallet traceability at the storage location level.

[0026] It should be noted that this method can be executed by cold storage control terminals, RFID readers, and back-end management servers (such as WMS / ERP or its interface services).

[0027] Specifically, this RFID-based method for precise traceability of cold storage pallets and locations involves using an RFID reader to synchronously / nearly collect reading information (at least including the pallet's unique identifier, the storage location's unique identifier, the reading time, and the RSSI signal strength) of the pallet's RFID tag and the storage location's RFID tag during pallet operations (inbound, relocation, and outbound). Within a preset "association time window," the method performs association calculations on the pallet code and storage location code during the same operation to obtain the association result of "the storage location most likely to correspond to the pallet at that moment." Based on this association result, the method outputs the location result (i.e., the current storage location of the pallet or the target storage location that has changed), and updates the inventory ledger / storage location occupancy information in real time accordingly. At the same time, it generates data on the pallet's flow trajectory from inbound to relocation to outbound, enabling precise traceability of the pallet's location and historical flow at the storage location level, thus improving the efficiency of cold storage inventory and error location capabilities.

[0028] For example, in a cold storage facility, pallet P1 has an RFID tag with the unique identifier "P1-0001", and storage location A01 has a storage location RFID tag with the unique identifier "A01-01". When a forklift puts pallet P1 into storage, the storage location antenna / forklift reader reads "P1-0001" and "A01-01" respectively during the same operation, and records the reading time as 10:00:03 and 10:00:05. The pallet tag signal strength is -45dBm and the storage location tag signal strength is -50dBm. The system performs association calculations with an association time window of, for example, 5 seconds. It determines that the two meet the conditions of close time and signal strength meeting the threshold / sorting rules, and thus obtains the association result "P1-0001→A01-01", outputs the location result as "pallet P1 is located in storage location A01-01", and updates the inventory data to "A01-01 is occupied, P1 is in storage". If P1 is subsequently moved to B02-03 and its corresponding storage location label is read again at 11:15, the system will also form a new association and location result, and record "10:00 entry into A01-01 → 11:15 move to B02-03 → (subsequent outbound time)" in the trajectory, thereby realizing full-process traceability of the pallet in the storage location dimension.

[0029] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is the second flowchart of the RFID-based method for precise traceability of cold storage pallets and locations provided in this application. Figure 2 As shown, after obtaining the read information and before performing the association calculation, the method further includes: time synchronization and validity verification of the read information (step S201). Specifically, time synchronization refers to unifying the reading times from different RFID readers / antennas (such as forklift readers, warehouse location readers, access control readers, etc.) to the same time reference (such as NTP (Network Time Protocol) network clock or master server clock), and correcting deviations for devices with clock drift, thereby ensuring that the subsequent comparison of the "association time window" is accurate; validity verification refers to checking the completeness and credibility of the read information, including at least: field completeness (whether the pallet code, warehouse location code, timestamp, and RSSI are complete), format legality (whether the encoding rules / check bits are correct), time reasonableness (whether the timestamp falls near the current operation time, whether there is reverse order / abnormal jump), signal reasonableness (whether the RSSI is within the preset threshold range, whether it is suspected of long-distance cross-reading), and deduplication and filtering (merging repeated readings of the same tag in a short period of time, and removing obvious noise data). This step reduces erroneous associations caused by inconsistent equipment clocks or noisy readings, improving the accuracy and traceability of pallet-location matching.

[0030] For example, when forklift reader R1 puts pallet P1 on the rack, it reads the pallet label "P1-0001" and records the time as 10:00:05. In the same operation, warehouse location reader R2 reads the warehouse location label "A01-01," but because R2 did not synchronize its time in time, its local time is displayed as 09:59:50. After receiving the two read messages, the system first synchronizes and corrects R2's timestamp based on NTP time (e.g., identifying a -15 second deviation in R2 and correcting it to approximately 10:00:05), ensuring the two records fall within the same associated time window. Then, it performs validity checks: verifying that the encoding formats of "P1-0001" and "A01-01" are correct, the timestamps are not abnormally reversed, and that their RSSIs are -45dBm and -50dBm respectively, both higher than the threshold (e.g., -65dBm). Simultaneously, it merges multiple duplicate readings of P1 generated between 10:00:03 and 10:00:06. After synchronization and verification are completed, the system performs the association calculation between the pallet code and the storage location code, and finally outputs the stable positioning result "P1-0001→A01-01", avoiding misjudgment caused by clock deviation or noisy data.

[0031] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a sub-step of step S201 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, time synchronization of read information aims to eliminate time deviations caused by inconsistent local clocks among different acquisition terminals (such as forklift readers, warehouse location readers, and platform access control readers), thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent "association time window" judgments. Time synchronization can be performed in two ways (step S301): First, calibrating the local clock based on network time synchronization, that is, each reader or its upper controller periodically synchronizes its time through network time synchronization mechanisms such as NTP / PTP, so that the read records directly generate timestamps with a unified time reference (such as unified UTC or server time); Second, converting the read time based on the RFID reader's time reference, that is, without forcibly modifying the device's local clock, but reading and utilizing the reader's internal reference clock / start-up timer (such as "power-on running milliseconds", "device Tick count" or the reference time field provided by the reader), and having the server convert the read time of each device onto a unified time axis according to known deviations or alignment points, thereby achieving comparability and associativity of cross-device read information.

[0032] For example, in a cold storage facility, there is a forklift reader R1 and a fixed storage location reader R2. In Solution A, both R1 and R2 are connected to the park network and calibrate their local clocks every 10 minutes via NTP time synchronization. When R1 reads the pallet label "P1-0001" and adds a timestamp "10:00:05", and R2 reads the storage location label "A01-01" and adds a timestamp "10:00:06", they are naturally under the same time base and can be directly used for matching within a 5-second association window. In Option B, R2 cannot synchronize its time due to network isolation and can only report a baseline timing field such as "local running time = 3,600,120 ms". The server previously recorded that R2's running time at "10:00:00" was "3,595,000 ms". This reading can be converted to a unified time: 10:00:00 + (3,600,120−3,595,000)ms ≈ 10:00:05.120, thus aligning with R1's 10:00:05 reading. This ensures that the system can still correctly determine that "P1-0001" and "A01-01" belong to the same job event and complete the association.

[0033] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S201 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the validity verification of the read information aims to reduce the impact of noise and abnormal data during the RFID reading process on the "pallet-location" association results. Specifically, this includes: First, deduplication of read information by merging multiple consecutive readings of the same tag from the same reader within a short period (e.g., aggregating by "tag ID + reader ID + time window") to avoid amplifying the weight of duplicate data (step S401); Second, validity verification of the pallet unique identifier and / or location unique identifier by checking the length, prefix, check bit / check code, character set range, and whether it belongs to the issued number range or whitelist range according to the encoding rules to prevent misreading of irrelevant or counterfeit tags (step S403); Third, verification of the integrity of the timestamp during reading by checking the existence of the timestamp field, whether the format is correct, whether it can be parsed as a standard time, and whether there are empty / default values ​​(e.g., 1970-01-01). The fourth step is to remove reading information whose reading signal strength is lower than the preset signal strength threshold. This means filtering readings from long-distance cross-reading, multipath reflection, or occasional weak signal readings using indicators such as RSSI, and retaining only valid readings that are more likely to come from the target work area (step S407), thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the positioning association.

[0034] For example, if a forklift reader reads the pallet label "P1-0001" three times consecutively between 10:00:03 and 10:00:05 during the shelving process (RSSI -47dBm, -46dBm, and -47dBm respectively), the system will merge these three readings into a single valid reading using a 2-second deduplication window. Simultaneously, if a fixed-location reader reads the location label "A01-01," but one of the records has an empty timestamp (or a default value), the system will determine that the timestamp is incomplete and discard that record. Additionally, if a channel reader occasionally reads a weak signal (RSSI = -78dBm) for "P1-0001," which is below a preset threshold (e.g., -65dBm), the system will remove it to avoid long-distance cross-reading interference. Finally, if a pallet code "P1-00@1" read does not conform to the character set / checksum rules, or if the location code is not in the configured location list, the system will mark the read information corresponding to this illegal identification code as invalid and will not participate in subsequent pallet-location association calculations.

[0035] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-steps of step S103 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, within a preset association time window, the unique identification codes of pallets and storage locations for the same operation process are associated and calculated. The aim is to infer the storage location corresponding to the pallet from multiple read records using "temporal proximity + co-occurrence strength". Specifically: First, within the preset association time window (e.g., ±T seconds centered on the time the pallet is read, or the start and end time of a shelf placement event as the window), the unique identification codes of storage locations appearing in the window are summarized to form a set of candidate storage locations associated with the pallet (step S501); Second, the "simultaneous occurrence" of the pallet code and each candidate storage location code within the window is statistically analyzed. The number of simultaneous occurrences can be counted according to "the simultaneous existence of pallet readings and storage location readings within the same time slice (e.g., 1 second / 500ms bucket division)," and the reading signal strength can be expressed as the mean, peak, or weighted sum of RSSI (step S503); Then, the association confidence is calculated based on the number of simultaneous occurrences and / or the reading signal strength (e.g., normalized weighted sum: Conf = w1·Count_norm). +w2·RSSI_norm, or a softmax / probabilistic model), to measure "which storage location the pallet is more likely to belong to" (step S505); finally, the pallet's unique identification code, the unique identification code of each candidate storage location and their corresponding association confidence are written into the database / event table as association results (step S507) for subsequent inventory location, traceability and inventory count.

[0036] For example, the system sets the associated time window to 10 seconds (10:00:00~10:00:10). Within this window, the tray "P1-0001" is read multiple times; simultaneously, the storage location reader reports three storage location codes "A01-01", "A01-02", and "A01-03". Statistics show that P1-0001 and A01-01 co-occurred 6 times within the same time slice, with A01-01 having an average RSSI of -48dBm; P1-0001 co-occurred 2 times with A01-02, with an average RSSI of -60dBm; and P1-01-03 co-occurred once, with an average RSSI of -70dBm. The system normalizes the co-occurrence frequency and RSSI, respectively, and calculates the confidence scores with weights w1=0.7 and w2=0.3, resulting in Conf(P1-0001,A01-01)=0.86, Conf(P1-0001,A01-02)=0.11, and Conf(P1-0001,A01-03)=0.03. The system then writes the records into the association result table: {pallet=P1-0001, candidate storage location=[(A01-01,0.86),(A01-02,0.11),(A01-03,0.03)], window=10:00:00~10:00:10}. In business operations, A01-01 with the highest confidence score can be used as the recommended storage location for that pallet.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-step of step S105 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the location result is further determined based on the aforementioned "pallet-storage location" association result. The purpose is to converge the association output of "multiple candidates + multiple confidence levels" into a landable storage location where "a pallet uniquely corresponds to a storage location". Specifically: The system uses the pallet's unique identifier as the primary key, extracts multiple candidate storage location unique identifiers and their associated confidence levels from the association results (step S601); then, the candidate storage locations are sorted by confidence level, prioritizing the candidate storage location with the highest confidence level, and simultaneously determining whether the highest confidence level is higher than a preset confidence threshold (e.g., 0.8 or 0.75) (step S603) to avoid "low-confidence" mislocations caused by insufficient readings, cross-reading interference, or during transportation; when the threshold condition is met, the storage location is determined as the target storage location unique identifier, and a one-to-one correspondence between the pallet's unique identifier and the target storage location unique identifier is established at the data layer (e.g., written into the pallet location table, generating a shelf location event) (step S605), thus forming the final location result of the pallet in the storage location dimension; if the highest confidence level does not reach the threshold, the location result can be marked as "pending confirmation / pending verification", or the previous valid location result can be maintained unchanged (specific strategies are optional).

[0038] For example, a pallet with the unique identifier "P1-0001" provides candidate storage locations and their confidence levels as follows: (A01-01, 0.86), (A01-02, 0.11), and (A01-03, 0.03). The system's preset confidence threshold is 0.80. The highest confidence level after sorting is 0.86, meeting the threshold condition. Therefore, "A01-01" is selected as the unique identifier for the target storage location. The system then establishes a one-to-one correspondence and stores the location result: {pallet=P1-0001, target storage location=A01-01, location status=valid, effective time=10:00:10}. If the highest confidence level of another pallet, "P1-0002," is only 0.62 (below 0.80), the system does not directly assign it to the storage location but marks it as "location uncertain," awaiting subsequent readings or manual verification.

[0039] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-steps of step S107 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, after obtaining the location result of "pallet - target storage location", the system will synchronize the result to the inventory master data and storage location resource status, and at the same time record the traceable pallet flow trajectory to ensure the consistency of "account (inventory table) - location (storage location table) - goods (pallet physical goods)". Specifically: When a pallet performs an inbound / shelving operation, the system writes the located target storage location into the "CurrentLocation" field of the pallet record and updates the "Occupied Status" of the storage location record to "Occupied" (step S701) to avoid repeatedly assigning the same storage location when allocating tasks in the future; when a pallet performs an outbound / removal operation, the system sets the "Current Location" field of the pallet record to empty or to "in transit / outbound", and changes the original storage location status to "Available", releasing the storage location resource (step S703); when a pallet performs a transfer operation, the system updates the pallet's current storage location from the source storage location before the transfer to the target storage location after the transfer based on the positioning result, while marking the source storage location as available and the target storage location as occupied, and recording the "Source → Target" change event (including time, operation type, operator / equipment, etc.) in the trajectory data, thereby forming a pallet flow trajectory sorted by time (step S705), supporting traceability, inventory, and anomaly location.

[0040] For example, pallet “P1-0001” was located to target storage location “A01-01” at 10:00:10 on January 21, 2026. Upon receiving the goods, the system updates the pallet table {P1-0001.CurrentLocation=A01-01}, the storage location table {A01-01.Status=Occupied}, and generates a trajectory event T1: {pallet=P1-0001, type=receiving and shelving, from=NULL, to=A01-01, time=2026-01-21 10:00:10}. Subsequently, the pallet was moved at 11:30:00, and the location result was that it was moved from "A01-01" to "B02-03". The system was updated as follows: Pallet table {CurrentLocation=B02-03}, Storage location table {A01-01.Status=Available, B02-03.Status=Occupied}, Trajectory event T2: {Type=Movement, From=A01-01, To=B02-03, Time=2026-01-21 11:30:00}. When the pallet is removed from the warehouse at 15:00:00, the system updates the pallet table {CurrentLocation=NULL}, the storage location table {B02-03.Status=Available}, and generates a trajectory event T3: {Type=Removed from Warehouse, From=B02-03, To=NULL, Time=2026-01-21 15:00:00}; the three events are concatenated in time to form the complete flow trajectory of the pallet.

[0041] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides an RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision traceability device, see reference. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision tracking device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision tracking device includes at least an information acquisition module 801, an association calculation module 802, a location determination module 803, and a data update module 804, wherein: The information acquisition module 801 is used to control the RFID reader to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during the pallet operation process to obtain the reading information; wherein, the operation process includes at least inbound, transfer and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; The association calculation module 802 is used to perform association calculation on the unique pallet identification code and the unique storage location identification code in the same operation process within a preset association time window, and obtain the association result; The location determination module 803 is used to determine the corresponding location result based on the association result; The data update module 804 is used to update inventory data based on the location results and generate pallet flow trajectory data to enable pallet traceability at the storage location level.

[0042] It should be noted that the above module division is only for ease of description and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In specific implementations, each functional module can be implemented by a software program on the same processor, or it can be implemented collaboratively by multiple processors / controllers; the functions of each module can also be merged, split, or replaced by other modules.

[0043] For example, the time synchronization and validity verification described in step S201 can be performed by the information acquisition module when acquiring or after acquiring information, or by the association calculation module before performing association calculation, or by both working together; the present invention does not limit this.

[0044] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides an RFID-based precise traceability system for cold storage pallets and storage locations, see reference. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location precision traceability system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, the system includes: The pallet RFID tag 901 is attached to the pallet to store the pallet's unique identification code; The RFID tag 902 is installed at the cold storage location and is used to store the unique identification code of the storage location. At least one RFID reader 903 is used to read the pallet RFID tag 901 and the storage location RFID tag 902 during pallet receiving, transfer and / or outbound operations, and generate reading information; wherein, the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength. The cold storage control terminal 904 is communicatively connected to the RFID reader 903 and is used to execute the method steps in any of the above embodiments.

[0045] Understandably, this system is used in cold storage scenarios to automatically identify, bind, and track pallets and storage locations, covering operations such as inbound, outbound, and relocation. The overall approach is as follows: pallets and storage locations are uniquely identified using RFID tags. When an operation occurs, the RFID reader 903 automatically collects pallet and storage location information, and the cold storage control terminal 904 processes and stores the collected data, forming a traceable closed loop for storage location and inventory management.

[0046] The pallet RFID tag 901 is attached to the pallet itself to store a unique identification code, which can be understood as the pallet's "ID card". The system uses this unique identification code to quickly identify the pallet during operations and can link it to pallet files, cargo information, batch information, etc. in the background, thereby reducing errors, omissions, and confusion caused by manual data entry and providing basic data for subsequent positioning, inventory, and traceability.

[0047] The RFID tag 902 is installed at a specific location within the cold storage facility to serve as a unique identification code for the storage location, which can be understood as the "address code" of the storage location. By digitally numbering the physical storage locations, the system can clearly express "the current location of a certain pallet," improving the accuracy and efficiency of processes such as shelving confirmation, goods location, and transfer verification, and reducing errors caused by relying on human memory or experience.

[0048] At least one RFID reader 903 is configured to read the pallet RFID tag 901 and the storage location RFID tag 902 during pallet receiving, transfer, and / or outbound operations, and generate reading information. This reading information includes at least the pallet's unique identifier, the storage location's unique identifier, the reading time, and the reading signal strength. The reading time is used to record the moment the operation occurs to create an operation log and traceability link. The reading signal strength serves as an auxiliary basis for identifying reliability or distance relationships, reducing the risk of cross-reading and misreading, and improving the accuracy of pallet-to-storage location matching.

[0049] The cold storage control terminal 904 communicates with the RFID reader 903 to receive, parse, and process the reading information uploaded by the reader, execute corresponding method steps, and complete business implementation. Its typical functions include establishing or updating the "pallet-location" binding relationship (binding upon inbound storage, updating upon relocation, and unbinding upon outbound storage), recording ledger information such as operation time, and linking with systems such as WMS (Warehouse Management System) / ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) to achieve real-time updates of inventory and location status, thereby transforming raw reading data into executable and traceable business events.

[0050] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides an electronic device, see reference. Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device includes a memory 1001 and a processor 1002. The memory 1001 is used to store computer instructions; when the processor 1002 executes the computer instructions, it implements the method steps in any method embodiment.

[0051] The memory 1001 includes at least one type of computer-readable storage medium, including flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as the hard disk or memory of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, secure digital card (SD card), flash memory card, etc., equipped on the electronic device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium may also include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the electronic device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the electronic device, such as the program code of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location accurate traceability method in this embodiment. In addition, the computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0052] In some embodiments, processor 1002 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other chip. Processor 1002 is typically used to control the overall operation of the processing device, such as performing control and processing related to data interaction or communication with other entities. In this embodiment, processor 1002 is used to run program code stored in memory 1001 or process data.

[0053] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a computer program or instructions stored in the storage medium. When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processing device, they implement the method steps in any method embodiment. Further details can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as the hard disk or memory of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, secure digital card (SD card), flash memory card, etc., equipped on the electronic device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium can also include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the electronic device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the electronic device, such as the program code of the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location accurate traceability method in the embodiment. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0054] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the RFID-based cold storage pallet and location accurate traceability method provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0055] It should be noted that the order of description of the embodiments in this application is not intended to limit the priority of the embodiments.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0057] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the claims. All equivalent transformations made under the inventive concept of this application using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for accurate traceability of cold storage pallets and storage locations based on RFID, characterized in that, include: The RFID reader is controlled to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during the pallet operation process to obtain reading information; wherein, the operation process includes at least inbound, transfer and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; Within a preset association time window, the unique pallet identifier and the unique storage location identifier in the same operation process are associated and calculated to obtain the association result. Based on the correlation results, the corresponding location results are determined; Based on the positioning results, the inventory data is updated and pallet flow trajectory data is generated to enable pallet traceability at the storage location level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the read information and before performing the association calculation, the method further includes: performing time synchronization and validity verification on the read information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The time synchronization of the read information includes: The local clock is calibrated based on network time synchronization to unify the reading time; Alternatively, the reading time can be converted based on the time reference of the RFID reader / writer to unify the reading time.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The validity verification of the read information includes: The read information is read repeatedly to remove duplicates; The validity of the pallet unique identifier and / or the storage location unique identifier shall be verified; The integrity of the timestamp of the read time is verified; Reading information whose reading signal strength is lower than a preset signal strength threshold is discarded.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within a preset association time window, the association calculation is performed on the unique pallet identifier and the unique storage location identifier for the same operation process to obtain the association result, including: Within a preset associated time window, a set of candidate storage location unique identifiers related to the pallet unique identifier in the same operation process is determined based on the storage location unique identifier. The number of times the unique pallet identifier and each candidate storage location unique identifier in the candidate storage location unique identifier set occur simultaneously and / or the reading signal strength are counted. Based on the number of simultaneous occurrences and / or the reading signal strength, calculate the association confidence between the unique pallet identifier and each of the candidate storage location unique identifiers; The unique identifier of the pallet and the unique identifier of each candidate storage location, along with their corresponding association confidence scores, are stored as association results.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the corresponding location result based on the association result includes: For the same pallet unique identifier, obtain multiple candidate warehouse location unique identifiers corresponding to the pallet unique identifier and their association confidence from the association results; The unique identification code of the storage location with the highest association confidence level and higher than the preset confidence threshold is selected as the target storage location unique identification code corresponding to the pallet unique identification code; Establish a one-to-one correspondence between the unique identification code of the pallet and the unique identification code of the target storage location to obtain the location result of the pallet in the storage location dimension.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of updating inventory data and generating pallet flow trajectory data based on the positioning results includes: During pallet receiving operations, the storage location corresponding to the positioning result is written into the current storage location field of the pallet, and the occupancy status of the corresponding storage location is marked as occupied; When a pallet is dispatched, the current storage location field of the pallet is set to empty, and the occupancy status of the corresponding storage location is marked as available. During pallet transfer operations, the current storage location field of the pallet is updated from the source storage location before the transfer to the target storage location after the transfer, and the occupancy status of the source storage location and the target storage location is updated synchronously.

8. A precise RFID-based cold storage pallet and location tracking device, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition module is used to control the RFID reader to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during the pallet operation process to obtain reading information; wherein, the operation process includes at least inbound, transfer and / or outbound, and the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; The association calculation module is used to perform association calculation on the unique identification code of the pallet and the unique identification code of the storage location in the same operation process within a preset association time window, and obtain the association result; The location determination module is used to determine the corresponding location result based on the association result; The data update module is used to update inventory data and generate pallet flow trajectory data based on the positioning results, so as to realize the traceability of pallets in the storage location dimension.

9. A precise traceability system for cold storage pallets and storage locations based on RFID, characterized in that, include: A pallet RFID tag is attached to the pallet to store the pallet's unique identification code; RFID tags for cold storage locations are installed at the cold storage locations and are used to store unique identification codes for those locations. At least one RFID reader is used to read the pallet RFID tag and the storage location RFID tag during pallet receiving, transfer and / or outbound operations, and generate reading information; wherein, the reading information includes at least the pallet unique identification code, the storage location unique identification code, the corresponding reading time and the reading signal strength; A cold storage control terminal is communicatively connected to the RFID reader / writer and is used to execute the method steps of any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store computer programs or instructions; when the computer programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the method of any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.

12. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method of any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

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