Aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation, which comprises a shell assembly, a cavity for cooling liquid circulation is arranged in the shell assembly, and a plurality of cooling fins for conducting heat are fixedly arranged in the cavity; the shell assembly is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the cavity, the cooling fins are arranged in multiple rows, and the number of the cooling fins in each row is gradually increased in the circulation direction of cooling liquid from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet. According to the temperature change rule of the cooling liquid in the cavity, the gradually-changed cooling fin layout is adopted, the temperature of the cooling liquid entering from the liquid inlet is low, and the cooling exchange requirement can be met by arranging the relatively sparse cooling fins at the moment; as the cooling liquid flows and absorbs heat, the temperature gradually rises, the dense cooling fins are arranged in the area close to the liquid outlet, higher heat dissipation capacity can be provided, and the problem that the heat dissipation efficiency is reduced due to the fact that the temperature difference between the cooling liquid and the high-temperature area is reduced is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy housing technology, and more specifically, to an aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] In many fields, if the heat generated during equipment operation cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, it will seriously affect the equipment's working stability, operating efficiency, and even service life. Aluminum alloy, with its excellent thermal conductivity, lightweight, and good processability, has become the preferred material for making equipment heat dissipation shells. Currently, most solutions on the market that use aluminum alloy shells for heat dissipation involve setting up a coolant flow chamber inside the shell and arranging heat sinks inside the chamber. The heat conducted by the heat sinks is carried away by the flow of coolant, thereby achieving heat dissipation. However, in existing technologies, the heat sinks in the chamber are mostly designed with uniform distribution. This design does not fully consider the temperature change of the coolant during the flow process: when the coolant enters the chamber from (2), the temperature is low, and there is a large temperature difference with the high-temperature area generated by the equipment. At this time, the heat exchange demand is relatively low. As the coolant flows in the chamber, it continuously absorbs heat, and the temperature gradually increases, especially near the (3) area, where the coolant temperature has risen significantly, the temperature difference with the high-temperature area decreases, and the heat exchange efficiency decreases accordingly. At this time, a stronger heat dissipation capacity is needed. Since the uniformly distributed heat sinks cannot adapt to the heat dissipation demand of different areas according to the temperature change of the coolant, the heat sinks near the (2) area are redundant, resulting in material waste and space occupation. The number of heat sinks near the (3) area is insufficient, the heat dissipation capacity is insufficient, the overall heat dissipation efficiency is low, and it is difficult to meet the heat dissipation demand of high-power equipment. Therefore, we make improvements and propose an aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation, including a housing assembly. The housing assembly has a chamber for coolant flow, and a plurality of heat sinks for heat conduction are fixedly installed in the chamber. The housing assembly has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the chamber. The plurality of heat sinks are arranged in multiple rows, and the number of heat sinks in each row increases progressively along the flow direction of coolant from the inlet to the outlet.

[0004] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the housing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing disposed on the first housing, the chamber is located between the first housing and the second housing, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet are both disposed on the second housing.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a positioning groove is provided on the side of the first housing near the second housing, a connecting plate is installed in the positioning groove, and a plurality of heat sinks are connected to the connecting plate.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a plurality of mounting seats are fixedly installed on the side of the first housing, and the mounting seats are provided with mounting holes.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the extension direction of the heat sink is perpendicular to the flow direction of the coolant, and the thickness d of the mounting base satisfies the calculation formula: d=λ×ΔT / (q×10³). Where λ is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy material, ΔT is the maximum temperature difference between the two sides of the heat sink, and q is the heat flux density on the surface of the heat sink. As a preferred technical solution of this application, the distribution density gradient of the heat sink is continuously and gradually changes, and the heat sink density ρ(x) at any position x along the coolant flow path satisfies the calculation formula: ρ(x)=ρ1+(ρ2-ρ1)×(x / L); Where ρ1 is the density of the heat sink at the inlet, ρ2 is the density of the heat sink at the outlet, L is the length of the chamber along the flow direction, and x is the distance between this position and the inlet. As a preferred technical solution of this application, the distribution density gradient of the heat sink is a step-like gradual change, and it is divided into at least three regions along the coolant flow direction: inlet section, middle section and outlet section. The heat sink density of the three regions satisfies ρ3=2ρ1 and ρ2=1.5ρ1, where ρ1 is the density of the inlet section, ρ2 is the density of the middle section and ρ3 is the density of the outlet section.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the heat sink is distributed in a gradually changing manner, with the area near the liquid inlet designated as region A and the area near the liquid outlet designated as region B; the distribution density of the heat sink in region A is DA, and the distribution density of the heat sink in region B is DB, and DB>DA is satisfied; wherein, the formula for calculating the heat sink distribution density D is D=S / n. Where n is the number of heat sinks per unit area, and S is the unit area.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the inner walls of the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are provided with threaded interfaces. As a preferred technical solution in this application, the inner wall of the cavity is coated with a graphene thermally conductive coating, and the thickness t of the graphene thermally conductive coating satisfies the calculation formula: t=λ a ×ΔT l / (λᵢ×q); Where λ a λᵢ is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy, ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the coating, and ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy. l q represents the temperature difference across the coating, and q represents the heat flux density of the wall surface.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the scheme of this application: Based on the temperature change pattern of the coolant within the chamber, this application adopts a gradually changing heat sink layout. When the coolant enters from the inlet, its temperature is relatively low, and a relatively sparse arrangement of heat sinks is sufficient to meet the heat exchange requirements. As the coolant flows and absorbs heat, its temperature gradually increases, and a dense arrangement of heat sinks near the outlet provides stronger heat dissipation capacity. This compensates for the decrease in heat dissipation efficiency caused by the reduced temperature difference between the coolant and the high-temperature area, ensuring that the heat dissipation capacity matches the heat dissipation requirements and improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency. This better meets the heat dissipation needs of high-power equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation provided in this application; Figure 2 Exploded view of the aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning groove provided in this application; Figure 4 A top view of the first housing structure provided in this application.

[0012] The image shows: 1. Housing assembly; 101. First housing; 102. Second housing; 103. Connecting hole; 104. Mounting base; 105. Mounting hole; 106. Positioning groove; 2. Liquid inlet; 3. Liquid outlet; 4. Connecting plate; 401. Heat sink. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0015] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0016] For an example, please refer to... Figures 1-4An aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation is disclosed. The housing assembly 1 contains a chamber for coolant flow, and several heat sinks 401 for heat conduction are fixedly installed within the chamber. The housing assembly 1 has an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 communicating with the chamber. The heat sinks 401 are arranged in multiple rows, with the number of heat sinks 401 in each row increasing progressively along the coolant flow direction from the inlet 2 to the outlet 3. The heat sinks 401 have a uniform height, adapted to the height of the chamber, ensuring that the heat sinks 401 are in close contact with the upper and lower walls of the chamber. When the coolant flows in from the inlet 2, its temperature is low, and its heat-carrying capacity is strong; at this point, a small number of heat sinks 401 are sufficient to meet the heat conduction requirements. As the coolant flows towards the outlet 3, the absorbed heat gradually increases, the temperature rises, and the heat-carrying capacity weakens. At this point, progressively increasing the number of heat sinks 401 enhances heat conduction by increasing the heat dissipation area, ensuring efficient heat dissipation for the coolant at different temperature stages.

[0017] Furthermore, the housing assembly 1 includes a first housing 101 and a second housing 102 disposed on the first housing 101. The chamber is located between the first housing 101 and the second housing 102. The liquid inlet 2 and the liquid outlet 3 are both disposed on the second housing 102. The housing assembly 1 adopts a split design of the first housing 101 and the second housing 102. Compared with an integrated housing, it is easier to process a chamber that meets the requirements between the two.

[0018] Furthermore, a positioning groove 106 is provided on the side of the first housing 101 near the second housing 102. A connecting plate 4 is installed in the positioning groove 106, and several heat sinks 401 are connected to the connecting plate 4. The positioning groove 106 on the first housing 101 can provide a clear installation reference for the connecting plate 4, ensuring that the connecting plate 4 and the heat sinks 401 connected to it are accurately positioned in the cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting bases 104 are fixedly installed on the side of the first housing 101. Mounting bases 104 are provided with mounting holes 105. A connecting hole 103 is provided between the first housing 101 and the second housing 102. The first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are fixed together by bolts and connecting holes 103. A sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the first housing 101 and the second housing 102.

[0020] Example 2 further optimizes the aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation provided in Example 1. Specifically, the extension direction of the heat sink 401 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the coolant, and the thickness d of the mounting base 104 satisfies the calculation formula: d=λ×ΔT / (q×10³). Where λ is the thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy material, in W / (m·K), ΔT is the maximum temperature difference between the two sides of heat sink 401, in K, and q is the surface heat flux density of heat sink 401, in kW / m². The extension direction of heat sink 401 is perpendicular to the flow direction of coolant, which allows the coolant to make full contact with heat sink 401 when flowing through the chamber, reducing heat exchange dead zones and improving heat exchange efficiency. The thickness of mounting base 104 is precisely calculated by formula, which ensures that mounting base 104 can bear the weight of the shell and external connection, and that its thermal conductivity matches the heat dissipation requirements of heat sink 401, avoiding insufficient structural strength due to mounting base 104 being too thin, or heat conduction being obstructed due to mounting base 104 being too thick.

[0021] Example 3 further optimizes the aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation provided in Example 1. Specifically, the distribution density gradient of the heat sink 401 is continuously and gradually changes. The density ρ(x) of the heat sink 401 at any position x along the coolant flow path satisfies the calculation formula: ρ(x)=ρ1+(ρ2-ρ1)×(x / L). Where ρ1 is the density of 401 heat sink at inlet 2, in units of fins / m, ρ2 is the density of 401 heat sink at outlet 3, in units of fins / m, L is the length of the chamber along the flow direction, in units of m, and x is the distance between this position and inlet 2, in units of m; compared with the stepped gradual change, the density of 401 heat sink with continuous gradual change is precisely controlled by the formula. As the temperature of the coolant continuously increases from inlet 2 to outlet 3, the heat dissipation area also continuously increases. This avoids the problem of sudden changes in local heat dissipation capacity that may exist in the stepped gradual change, and ensures a smooth transition of heat dissipation efficiency at each position in the chamber. Example 4 further optimizes the aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation provided in Example 1. Specifically, the distribution density gradient of the heat sink 401 is a stepped gradient, dividing the coolant flow direction into at least three regions: an inlet section, a middle section, and an outlet section. The density of the heat sink 401 in the three regions satisfies ρ3=2ρ1 and ρ2=1.5ρ1, where ρ1 is the density of the inlet section, ρ2 is the density of the middle section, and ρ3 is the density of the outlet section. The stepped gradient divides the chamber into three regions: the inlet section, the middle section, and the outlet section. Through the design of a clear density ratio (ρ3=2ρ1, ρ2=1.5ρ1), it not only meets the increasing demand for heat dissipation capacity as the coolant temperature gradually increases, but also avoids the excessively high requirements for processing accuracy imposed by continuous gradient.

[0022] Example 5 further optimizes the aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation provided in Example 1. Specifically, the heat sink 401 is distributed in a gradient manner. The area near the liquid inlet 2 is designated as region A, and the area near the liquid outlet 3 is designated as region B. The distribution density of the heat sink 401 in region A is DA, and the distribution density of the heat sink 401 in region B is DB, and DB>DA is satisfied. The formula for calculating the distribution density D of the heat sink 401 is D=S / n. Where n is the number of heat sinks 401 per unit area, and S is the unit area; by dividing region A (near the liquid inlet) and region B (near the liquid outlet) and clarifying the density relationship DB>DA, the core design of gradual heat dissipation is intuitively reflected, ensuring that the lower density heat sinks 401 are used in areas with low coolant temperature to save materials, and the higher density heat sinks 401 are used in areas with high temperature to enhance heat dissipation; and the density calculation formula D=S / n provides a quantitative basis for the density design of heat sinks 401, making the design process more accurate, and allowing processing to be carried out according to clear density requirements during production, avoiding the problem of unstable heat dissipation effect caused by ambiguity in density.

[0023] Example 6 further optimizes the aluminum alloy shell with gradient heat dissipation provided in Example 1. Specifically, threaded interfaces are provided on the inner walls of the liquid inlet 2 and the liquid outlet 3. Furthermore, the inner wall of the cavity is coated with a graphene thermally conductive coating, the thickness t of which satisfies the calculation formula: t=λ a ×ΔT l / (λᵢ×q); Where λ a λᵢ is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy, ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the coating, and ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy. l Let q represent the temperature difference between the two sides of the coating, and q represent the heat flux density of the wall. Graphene has an extremely high thermal conductivity. After coating the inner wall of the cavity with a graphene thermal conductive coating, it can accelerate the heat transferred from the shell component 1 to the cavity wall and conduct it to the coolant, thus compensating for the insufficient thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy shell itself. The coating thickness is precisely calculated using a formula to ensure that the coating has sufficient thermal conductivity to reduce the temperature difference between the two sides of the coating, while avoiding material waste and reduced cavity volume due to excessive coating thickness, thus ensuring a balance between coating effect and economy.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy casing with gradient heat dissipation, characterized in that, The device includes a housing assembly (1), which has a chamber for coolant flow. Several heat sinks (401) for heat conduction are fixedly installed in the chamber. The housing assembly (1) has an inlet (2) and an outlet (3) communicating with the chamber. The heat sinks (401) are arranged in multiple rows, and the number of heat sinks (401) in each row increases gradually along the flow direction of coolant from the inlet (2) to the outlet (3).

2. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly (1) includes a first housing (101) and a second housing (102) disposed on the first housing (101). The chamber is located between the first housing (101) and the second housing (102). The inlet (2) and the outlet (3) are both disposed on the second housing (102).

3. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first housing (101) has a positioning groove (106) on the side near the second housing (102). A connecting plate (4) is installed in the positioning groove (106), and several heat sinks (401) are connected to the connecting plate (4).

4. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of mounting bases (104) are fixedly installed on the side of the first housing (101), and mounting holes (105) are provided on the mounting bases (104).

5. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the heat sink (401) is perpendicular to the flow direction of the coolant, and the thickness d of the mounting base (104) satisfies the calculation formula: d=λ×ΔT / (q×10³). Where λ is the thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy material, ΔT is the maximum temperature difference between the two sides of heat sink (401), and q is the heat flux density on the surface of heat sink (401).

6. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution density gradient of the heat sink (401) is a continuous and gradual change. The density ρ(x) of the heat sink (401) at any position x along the coolant flow path satisfies the calculation formula: ρ(x)=ρ1+(ρ2-ρ1)×(x / L); Where ρ1 is the density of the heat sink (401) at the liquid inlet (2), ρ2 is the density of the heat sink (401) at the liquid outlet (3), L is the length of the chamber along the flow direction, and x is the distance between this position and the liquid inlet (2).

7. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution density gradient of the heat sink (401) is a step-like gradual change. It is divided into at least three regions along the coolant flow direction: inlet section, middle section and outlet section. The density of the heat sink (401) in the three regions satisfies ρ3=2ρ1 and ρ2=1.5ρ1, where ρ1 is the density of the inlet section, ρ2 is the density of the middle section and ρ3 is the density of the outlet section.

8. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat sink (401) is distributed in a gradual manner. The area near the liquid inlet (2) is designated as region A, and the area near the liquid outlet (3) is designated as region B. The distribution density of the heat sink (401) in region A is DA, and the distribution density of the heat sink (401) in region B is DB, and DB>DA is satisfied. The formula for calculating the distribution density D of the heat sink (401) is D=S / n. Where n is the number of heat sinks (401) per unit area, and S is the unit area.

9. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the inlet (2) and outlet (3) are provided with threaded interfaces.

10. The aluminum alloy housing with gradient heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the cavity is coated with a graphene thermally conductive coating, and the thickness t of the graphene thermally conductive coating satisfies the calculation formula: t=λ a ×ΔT l / (λᵢ×q); Where λ a λᵢ is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy, ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the coating, and ΔT is the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy. l q represents the temperature difference across the coating, and q represents the heat flux density of the wall surface.

Images