Occupancy detection and range estimation using wi-fi radar

Abstract

Aspects presented herein may improve the accuracy and reliability of radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a wireless device, which may include detection of a living subject with minimal movement (e.g., respiration). In one aspect, a UE receives a set of signals over a time period, where each signal in the set of signals includes a superposition of a multipath signal traversed by the signal and a leakage signal. The UE filters out the leakage signal from each signal in the set of signals to obtain the superposition of the multipath signals for each signal. The UE detects whether there is a difference across the filtered set of signals within the time period. The UE identifies the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 18 / 491,698, entitled “OCCUPANCY DETECTION AND RANGE ESTIMATION USING WI-FIRADAR”, filed October 20, 2023, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure generally relates to communication systems, and more specifically to wireless communication relating to object detection. Background Technology

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the Continuous Evolution of Mobile Broadband (CEM) program issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT),) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR can be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. Furthermore, these improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is a simplified summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not a comprehensive overview of all conceived aspects. It neither identifies key or essential elements of all aspects nor describes the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0006] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus receives a set of signals over a time period, wherein each signal in the set comprises a superposition of a multipath signal traversed by the signal and a leakage signal. The apparatus filters out the leakage signal from each signal in the set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signal for each signal. The apparatus detects whether a difference exists across the filtered set of signals over the time period. The apparatus identifies the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference.

[0007] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects may include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth some exemplary features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0009] Figure 2A This is an illustration of an example of the first frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating examples of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2C This is an illustration of an example of a second frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2D This is a diagram illustrating examples of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating examples of base stations and user equipment (UEs) in an access network.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements.

[0015] Figure 5This is a diagram illustrating examples of passive positioning based on radio frequency (RF) sensing according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 6A This is a diagram illustrating examples of passive positioning of a person standing still, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 6B This is a diagram illustrating examples of passive positioning of human movement according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating example signal propagation of a moving object according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates example algorithms for eliminating leaked signals according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 9A This is a diagram illustrating example channel impulse response (CIR) prior to leakage elimination according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating an example CIR after leakage has been eliminated, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 9C This illustrates various aspects of the present disclosure in relation to... i A diagram illustrating the example target leakage power ratio (TLR) after the next iteration of leakage elimination.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating example occupancy detection with range estimation according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 11 This is an illustration of an example occupancy detection scenario for a living object with minimal movement, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0027] Figure 14 These are illustrations illustrating specific hardware implementations of example devices and / or network entities. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The aspects presented in this article can improve radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by wireless devices (such as those by Wi-Fi). ®The accuracy and reliability of sensing performed by the device. The aspects presented herein enable wireless devices to distinguish living beings from non-living things in the background during sensing, thereby enabling the wireless device to detect the occupancy / presence of a living being and estimate the distance of the detected living being from the wireless device. For example, in one aspect of this disclosure, Wi-Fi ® Radar can be configured to perform sensing based on the use of a single radio component, allowing only a single device (e.g., Wi-Fi) to operate. ® Radar was specified for sensing because for most applications (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, etc.), users may only have a single device at hand. Additionally, Wi-Fi... ® Radar may not have interoperability issues because in some scenarios, sensing through multiple sensing devices may reduce sensing capability, as one of these devices may be obstructed by obstacles such as walls. The aspects presented herein can provide accurate or improved room occupancy detection, such as the detection of moving and / or sitting / standing living objects in the environment with minimal body movement (e.g., breathing). In some specific implementations, the aspects presented herein can also be used to count the number of objects (e.g., living organisms) in the environment (e.g., if they are spatially separated and connected to RF / Wi-Fi). ® Radar (e.g., access point (AP)) has varying ranges.

[0029] This article presents various aspects related to using leak elimination to improve Wi-Fi-based... ® Techniques for object detection and ranging using signals. The aspects presented in this paper provide leakage elimination to improve the detection and extraction of signal variations, which may include: initializing the signal, and a residual signal, to be equal to the captured signal (e.g., a known sequence of a signal transmitted by a transmitter, such that a receiver can use this known sequence of the signal to perform channel estimation and obtain the channel impulse response (CIR), an example signal with a known sequence being a long training field (LTF)); and using the residual signal to compute the CIR through multiple iterations to extract the peaks of the signal due to multipath.

[0030] The detailed descriptions following, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describe various configurations and do not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed descriptions include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0031] Various apparatuses and methods are presented with reference to several aspects of a telecommunications system. These apparatuses and methods are described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0032] As an example, an element, any part of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a "processing system" including one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0033] Therefore, in one or more example aspects, specific implementations, and / or use cases, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media may be any available medium accessible to a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures accessible to a computer.

[0034] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described herein by way of example, additional or different aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and package arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specific to a use case or application, the described examples may exhibit broad applicability. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more of the technologies described herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily involve multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or decomposed components, end-user equipment, etc., of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0035] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements or network equipment (such as base stations (BS)) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, BSs (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), or cell, etc.) can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone BS or monolithic BS) or decomposed base stations.

[0036] Aggregated base stations can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. Decentralized base stations can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some respects, the CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, namely a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0037] Base station operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)). Decomposition can include distributing functionality across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functionality of at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station or decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit.

[0038] Figure 1 Figure 100 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system and access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a decomposed base station architecture. The decomposed base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110, which may communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 via one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both. CUs 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via a corresponding fronthaul link. RUs 140 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0039] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO frame 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include wired interfaces configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via wired transmission media. Additionally, these units may include wireless interfaces that may include receivers, transmitters, or transceivers (such as RF transceivers) configured to receive signals via wireless transmission media and / or transmit signals to one or more other units.

[0040] In some aspects, the CU 110 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 can be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0041] DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 140s. In some aspects, DU 130 may at least partially host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, etc.) according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 130 or with control functions hosted by CU 110.

[0042] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 140s. In some deployments, an RU140 controlled by a DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, at least in part based on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the implementation of the DU 130 and CU 110 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0043] SMO framework 105 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RU 140s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 105.

[0044] The non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 125, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as via an E2 interface, connecting one or more CU 110s, one or more DU 130s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 125.

[0045] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and use AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0046] At least one of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as base station 102. Therefore, base station 102 may include one or more of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in base station 102). Base station 102 provides UE 104 with an access point to core network 120. Base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include an evolved home node B (eNB) (HeNB), which can provide service to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU 140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) transmission (also known as reverse link) from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) transmission (also known as forward link) transmission from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may use one or more carriers. For each direction, the total number of carriers used for transmission can be up to [number missing]. Yx MHz ( x For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation (of component carriers), base station 102 / UE 104 can use up to [number] carriers. Y A spectrum with a bandwidth of MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.). Carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as the secondary cell (SCell).

[0047] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. D2D communication link 158 can use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be performed through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as Bluetooth. ™ (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), and is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard for Wi-Fi.)™ (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance), LTE, or NR.

[0048] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150, which communicates with the UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in an unlicensed spectrum such as 5 GHz. When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communication.

[0049] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0050] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been designated as the frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0051] In view of the above, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "below 6 GHz" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "millimeter wave" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR2-2 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0052] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit beamformed signals 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 102 in one or more receive directions. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 102 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 102 may be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0053] Base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, transceiver base station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. Base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, sidelink node, aggregated (monolithic) base station with baseband units (BBU) (including CU and DU) and RU, or may be implemented as a decomposed base station including one or more of CU, DU, and / or RU. A collection of base stations that may include decomposed base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as Next Generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0054] The core network 120 may include Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, Session Management Function (SMF) 162, User Plane Function (UPF) 163, Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. AMF 161 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and the core network 120. AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. UDM 164 supports authentication and key agreement (AKA) credential generation, user identity processing, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are exemplified as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Location Center (MPC), etc. GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE location information. LMF 166 receives measurement and auxiliary information from NG-RAN and UE 104 via AMF 161 to calculate the location of UE 104. NG-RAN may use one or more positioning methods to determine the location of UE 104. Positioning UE 104 may involve signal measurement, location estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. Signal measurement may be performed by UE 104 and / or base station 102 serving UE 104. The measured signals may be based on one or more of the following systems / signals / sensors: Satellite Positioning System (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) or other position / location systems), LTE signals, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor), NR Enhanced Cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multiple round-trip time (multiple RTT), DL departure angle (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0055] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet devices, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some UEs in UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, air pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also be applied to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network together and / or individually.

[0056] Refer again Figure 1 In some aspects, UE 104 may have an object detection component 198, which may be configured to: receive a set of signals over a time period, wherein each signal in the set of signals includes a superposition of multipath signals and leaked signals traversed by the signal; filter out the leaked signals from each signal in the set of signals to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal; detect whether there is a difference across the filtered set of signals over the time period; and identify the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference. In some aspects, base station 102 or one or more location servers 168 may have an object detection configuration component 199, which may be configured to provide configuration and / or parameters related to target detection for UE 104.

[0057] Figure 2A Figure 200 illustrates an example of the first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B Figure 230 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C Figure 250 is an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2DFigure 280 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to either DL or UL), or Time Division Duplex (TDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to both DL and UL). Figure 2A , Figure 2C In the provided example, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured using slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible and can be used between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured using slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The UE is configured using the slot format via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0058] Figures 2A to 2D The frame structure is illustrated, and aspects of this disclosure are applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Symbols on the DL may be CP Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. Symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high-throughput scenarios) or Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and a parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). Symbol length / duration can be scaled by 1 / SCS.

[0059] Table 1: Parameter Set, SCS, and CP For a normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets µ 0 through 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For an extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Therefore, for a normal CP and parameter set µ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2... µ One time slot / subframe. Subcarrier spacing can be equal to ,in The parameter sets are 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz for parameter set µ=0 and 240 kHz for parameter set µ=4. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D Examples of a normal frequency division multiplexing (CP) with 14 symbols per time slot and a parameter set of µ=2 with 4 time slots per subframe are provided. The time slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within the frame set, there may be one or more distinct bandwidth portions (BWPs) of frequency division multiplexing (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2B Each BWP can have a specific set of parameters and CP (normal or extended).

[0060] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot consists of a resource block (RB) extending for 12 consecutive subcarriers (also known as a physical RB (PRB)). The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0061] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0062] Figure 2BExamples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE comprising six RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising 12 consecutive REs in the OFDM symbol of the RB. A PDCCH within a BWP can be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., a common search space, a UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring timing on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) may be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number and radio frame timing. Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the number of RBs in the system bandwidth and the System Frame Number (SFN). The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages.

[0063] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations. The UE can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the comb teeth. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0064] Figure 2DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUCCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCIs.

[0065] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 310 and UE 350 in the access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to controller / processor 375. Controller / processor 375 implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the delivery of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0066] Transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) decoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. TX processor 316 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM stream undergoes spatial pre-decoding to generate multiple spatial streams. A channel estimate from channel estimator 374 can be used to determine the decoding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. This channel estimate can be derived from a reference signal transmitted by UE 350 and / or channel condition feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier for transmission.

[0067] At UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial stream destined for UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal consists of a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, along with the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most probable signal constellation points transmitted by base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on a channel estimate calculated by channel estimator 358. Subsequently, the soft decision is decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0068] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with at least one memory 360 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0069] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmission performed by base station 310, controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0070] The TX processor 368 can use the channel estimate derived from the reference signal or feedback transmitted by the channel estimator 358 from the base station 310 to select an appropriate decoding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via individual transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0071] UL transmission is processed at base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to RX processor 370.

[0072] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with at least one memory 376 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets between transport and logical channels. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0073] At least one of the TX processor 368, RX processor 356, and controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The object detection component 198 combines various aspects.

[0074] At least one of the TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The object detection configuration component 199 combines various aspects.

[0075] Figure 4 Figure 400 illustrates an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements (which may also be referred to as "network-based positioning") according to various aspects of this disclosure. UE 404 can [operate at time T]. SRS_TX Send UL-SRS 412 and at time T PRS_RX Receives the DL positioning reference signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410. TRP 406 can be used at time T. SRS_RX Receive UL-SRS 412 and at time T PRS_TX Send DL-PRS 410. UE 404 may receive DL-PRS 410 before sending UL-SRS 412, or may send UL-SRS 412 before receiving DL-PRS 410. In both cases, the location server (e.g., location server 168) or UE 404 may base its response on ||T SRS_RX - T PRS_TX | - |T SRS_TX - T PRS_RX || to determine RTT 414. Therefore, multi-RTT positioning can utilize the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (i.e., |T) of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 and measured by UE 404. SRS_TX - T PRS_RX |) and DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL PRS-RSRP), and the measured TRP Rx-Tx time difference (i.e., |T) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. SRS_RX -T PRS_TX|) and UL SRS-RSRP. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the UE Rx-Tx time difference (and / or the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal), and TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference (and / or the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal). These measurements can be used at the positioning server or at UE 404 to determine the RTT, which is used to estimate the location of UE 404. Other methods for determining the RTT are possible, such as, for example, using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0076] PRS can be defined for network-based positioning (e.g., NR positioning) to enable the UE to detect and measure more neighboring transmit and receive points (TRPs), supporting various configurations for diverse deployments (e.g., indoor, outdoor, sub-6, mmW, etc.). Beam scanning can also be configured for PRS to support PRS beam operation. The UL positioning reference signal can be based on an enhanced / adjusted probe reference signal (SRS) for positioning purposes. In some examples, the UL-PRS may be referred to as "SRS for Positioning," and new information elements (IEs) can be configured for the SRS for positioning in RRC signaling.

[0077] DL PRS-RSRP can be defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of a resource element carrying a DL PRS reference signal configured for RSRP measurement at an antenna port within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for DL ​​PRS-RSRP can be the UE's antenna connector. For FR2, DL PRS-RSRP can be measured based on a combined signal from an antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if the UE uses receiver diversity, the reported DL PRS-RSRP value can be no less than the corresponding DL PRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch within the individual receiver branch. Similarly, UL SRS-RSRP can be defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of a resource element carrying a probe reference signal (SRS). UL SRS-RSRP can be measured by a configured resource element within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth at a configured measurement time. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for UL SRS-RSRP can be the antenna connector of a base station (e.g., gNB). For FR2, the UL SRS-RSRP can be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if the base station uses receiver diversity, the reported UL SRS-RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding UL SRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch within the individual receiver branch.

[0078] PRS-Path RSRP (PRS-RSRPP) can be defined as the power of the linear average of the channel response at the i-th path delay carrying the resource element configured for measurement of the DL PRS signal, where the DL PRS-RSRPP at the first path delay is the power contribution corresponding to the first detected path in time. In some examples, the PRS path phase measurement may refer to the phase associated with the i-th path of the channel derived using the PRS resource.

[0079] DL-AoD positioning utilizes the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of downlink signals received at UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signals, and the resulting measurement, along with the azimuth departure (A-AoD), zenith departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information, is used to position UE 404 relative to adjacent TRPs 402, 406.

[0080] DL-TDOA positioning utilizes the DL Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) (and / or DL-PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received at UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and / or DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signals, and the resulting measurement, along with other configuration information, is used to position UE 404 relative to adjacent TRPs 402, 406.

[0081] UL-TDOA positioning utilizes the UL relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and / or UL-SRS-RSRP) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the UL-RTOA (and / or UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to estimate the location of UE 404.

[0082] UL-AoA positioning utilizes the azimuth angle (A-AoA) and zenith angle (Z-AoA) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to estimate the position of UE 404. For the purposes of this disclosure, a positioning operation in which the UE provides measurements to a base station / positioning entity / server for calculating the UE's position can be described as "UE-assisted," "UE-assisted positioning," and / or "UE-assisted position calculation," while a positioning operation in which the UE measures and calculates its own position can be described as "UE-based," "UE-based positioning," and / or "UE-based position calculation."

[0083] Additional positioning methods can be used to estimate the location of UE 404, such as, for example, UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. Note that data / measurements from various technologies can be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / complement measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0084] It should be noted that the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" generally refer to specific reference signals used for positioning in NR and LTE systems. However, as used herein, the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" can also refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as, but not limited to, PRS, TRS, PTRS, CRS, CSI-RS, DMRS, PSS, SSS, SSB, SRS, UL-PRS, etc., as defined in LTE and NR. Furthermore, the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" can refer to downlink or uplink positioning reference signals, unless otherwise indicated by the context. To further distinguish the types of PRS, downlink positioning reference signals may be referred to as "DL PRS," and uplink positioning reference signals (e.g., SRS, PTRS used for positioning) may be referred to as "UL-PRS." Additionally, for signals that can be transmitted in both uplink and downlink (e.g., DMRS, PTRS), these signals may be prefixed with "UL" or "DL" to distinguish direction. For example, "UL-DMRS" can be distinguished from "DL-DMRS." Furthermore, the terms “location” and “positioning” are used interchangeably throughout the specification, and the term can refer to a specific geographical location or a relative location.

[0085] Various network-based positioning methods are suitable for indoor positioning because they do not rely on the reception of satellite signals (e.g., GNSS signals used for GNSS-based positioning), which can typically degrade or become unavailable in indoor environments. For example, indoor localization systems (e.g., systems for determining the location of one or more objects in an indoor environment) can use various techniques for positioning, such as measurements based on time of flight (TOF), time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA), angle of arrival (AOA), and / or received signal strength indicator (RSSI) against a reference signal, or based on neural implicit representations.

[0086] In some examples, localization methods / mechanisms can be categorized into active localization (which may also be referred to as "active localization" and is used interchangeably with "active localization") and passive localization (which may also be referred to as "passive localization" and is used interchangeably with "passive localization"). The category of active localization systems can specify objects to be detected and tracked to carry tags (e.g., radio frequency (RF) tags) or localization devices (e.g., which may be a UE or a device capable of transmitting / receiving localization reference signals). On the other hand, for this category of passive localization systems, objects can be located and tracked without attaching tags or localization devices to them. For example, in passive localization systems such as radar systems, reflections of electromagnetic waves from the surface of the object's body can cause distortion of the measurement signal. Such distortion in communication channels can be a source of information for sensing / perception tasks such as object / person localization.

[0087] Figure 5 This illustrates various aspects of radio frequency (RF) sensing (e.g., Wi-Fi based) according to this disclosure. ® Figure 500 illustrates an example of passive positioning using a device / radar. For the purposes of this disclosure, wireless devices (e.g., access points (APs), transceiver points (TRPs), UEs, Wi-Fi...) are used. ® Devices, base stations, base station components, UEs, etc., can be configured to include radar capabilities, which may be referred to as "sensing," "radio frequency (RF) sensing," and / or "cellular-based RF sensing," etc. For example, as shown at 510, wireless device 502 (e.g., RF / Wi-Fi) ® Radar can transmit reference signals (e.g., radar reference signal (RRS), Wi-Fi). ® (e.g., grouping), and measuring a reference signal reflected from one or more objects 504 (hereinafter referred to as a "reflected reference signal" or "reflected signal"). Based at least in part on the measurement of the reflected reference signal, the wireless device 502 can determine or estimate the distance between the wireless device 502 and one or more objects 504 (e.g., the distance may be proportional to the time of flight of the reference signal). For the purposes of this disclosure, a device capable of performing RF sensing (e.g., transmitting and / or receiving a reference signal for detecting an object or for estimating the distance between a device and an object) may be referred to as an "RF sensing node". For example, an RF sensing node may be a UE, TRP, Wi-Fi ® Equipment, base stations, base station components, TRPs, devices capable of transmitting RRS, and / or devices configured to perform radar functions, etc. Additionally, Wi-Fi... ® or Wi-Fi ® Technology can refer to wireless networking technologies that use radio waves for communication, such as those providing wireless internet access. Wi-Fi ® The device can refer to the use of Wi-Fi ® Wi-Fi is an electronic device that connects to a wireless network, enabling internet access and communication with other devices and services without the need for a physical connection specification. ® Radar can refer to Wi-Fi with radar / sensing capabilities. ® Equipment. Furthermore, monostatic radar can refer to a type of radar system or RF sensing node where the transmitter (e.g., transmit (Tx) antenna) and receiver (e.g., receive (Rx) antenna) are located in the same physical location. In other words, the antenna for transmitting radio waves and the antenna for receiving the reflections (e.g., echoes) of these radio waves are co-located.

[0088] Over the past few decades, Wi-Fi ®The technology has evolved from communication modules alone to wireless sensors capable of sensing the environment (also known as "environmental sensing"). With the development of Wi-Fi... ® Becoming ubiquitous, virtually every other device in a home and / or commercial office connects to the world, expanding Wi-Fi support. ® The functionality of devices has always been a goal for many manufacturers, such as the use of Wi-Fi. ® To perform environmental sensing (e.g., detection of objects in the environment). For example, as shown at 520, Wi-Fi ® Examples of sensing use cases may include activity recognition (e.g., identifying activities performed by a user), health monitoring (e.g., monitoring some of a user's health vital signs) and / or presence detection (e.g., detecting moving objects in a space, such as intruders in a house or unattended babies / pets in a vehicle).

[0089] Involving Wi-Fi ® In most existing radar environment sensing algorithms, presence / occupancy detection (e.g., detecting whether the environment is occupied by one or more objects) relies on the detection of any motion in the environment (e.g., motion performed by one or more objects). However, in scenarios where one or more objects (e.g., which may be referred to as "target objects") may be stationary (e.g., not moving) in the environment, existing environment sensing algorithms may fail to accurately predict their occupancy / presence. For example, as... Figure 6A As shown in Figure 600A, when a person is standing still, when the detection is based on the current environment sensing algorithm, RF / Wi-Fi ® The radar may be unable to detect the presence of a person.

[0090] In other scenarios, although wireless devices (e.g., Wi-Fi) ® Radar can be configured to perform sensing functions such as transmitting reference signals and receiving reflected signals, as well as combining... Figure 5 As described, however, strong leakage signals (e.g., signals transmitted from the wireless device or portions of a signal that can be received by the wireless device immediately before the signal is reflected) can interfere with and overwhelm the reflected signal. Therefore, the wireless device may be unable to perform sensing accurately (or at all). For example, as... Figure 6B As shown in Figure 600B, even when the person to be detected is walking, the signal from RF / Wi-Fi... ® Radar leakage signals (e.g., represented by "leakage path") can also overwhelm signals reflected from a person (e.g., represented by "dynamic path"), as shown at 602, meaning the strength of the leakage signal can be much higher than the reflected signal. This can potentially affect RF / Wi-Fi. ® Radar cannot detect / distinguish reflected signals, and therefore cannot detect the occupancy / presence of one or more objects in the environment.

[0091] The aspects presented in this article can improve RF sensing performed by wireless devices (such as those by Wi-Fi). ® The accuracy and reliability of sensing performed by the device. The aspects presented herein enable wireless devices to distinguish living beings from non-living things in the background during sensing, thereby enabling the wireless device to detect the occupancy / presence of a living being and estimate the distance of the detected living being from the wireless device. For example, in one aspect of this disclosure, Wi-Fi ® Radar can be configured to perform sensing based on the use of a single radio component, allowing only a single device to be designated for sensing, as for most applications (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, etc.), a user may only have a single device at hand. Additionally, Wi-Fi... ® Radar may not have interoperability issues because in some scenarios, sensing through multiple sensing devices may reduce sensing capability, as one of these devices may be obstructed by obstacles such as walls. The aspects presented herein can provide accurate or improved room occupancy detection, such as the detection of moving and / or sitting / standing living objects in the environment with minimal body movement (e.g., breathing). In some specific implementations, the aspects presented herein can also be used to count the number of objects (e.g., living organisms) in the environment (e.g., if they are spatially separated and connected to RF / Wi-Fi). ® Radar (e.g., access point (AP)) has varying ranges.

[0092] Figure 7 This is a diagram 700 illustrating example signal propagation of a mobile object according to various aspects of this disclosure. As shown at 710, when a wireless device 702 (e.g., RF / Wi-Fi) ® Radar) transmits wireless signals (e.g., Wi-Fi) ®When grouping, wireless signals can propagate and reflect from different surfaces, such as surfaces from a moving person 704, a wall, and / or a static object. Then, as shown at 720, wireless device 702 can receive a superposition of multiple paths (multipaths) traversed by the signal, which may include a set of dynamic paths and a set of static paths. For the purposes of this disclosure, a dynamic path may refer to a path reflected from a moving object (e.g., a living organism) in the environment (e.g., the path of signal travel, which may also be referred to as a "signal path"), and a static path may refer to a path reflected from a static (and non-living) object (e.g., a wall, a piece of furniture, a floor, a ceiling, etc.). Additionally, a leakage path may refer to a path that leaks the signal's travel (e.g., directly from the Tx antenna to the Rx antenna). Furthermore, for the purposes of this disclosure, "multipath" or "multipath signal" may refer to a signal traversed via both dynamic and static paths (which may also be collectively referred to as a "reflected signal"), and leakage signals may be excluded. Similarly, "multipath superposition" or "multipath signal superposition" can refer to the superposition (e.g., combination, addition, etc.) of signals traversed via dynamic and static paths, and can eliminate leaked signals.

[0093] As shown at 730, as an object (e.g., a moving person 704) moves, the length of its corresponding dynamic path can also change (e.g., it becomes shorter if the object is moving towards the wireless device 702, or it becomes longer if the object is moving away from the wireless device 702). Therefore, the phase of the object may also change. In one example, the reflected signal from a moving object (e.g., a moving person 704) can be represented by the following formula: in It can be represented at a specific frequency ( ) and time ( Reflected signals from moving objects The amplitude of the reflected signal (e.g., signal strength), and The phase of the reflected signal is shown at 730. However, while the phase of the dynamic path (e.g., the phase of Channel State Information (CSI)) can be used to capture changes in the length of the dynamic path, leakage signals (e.g., from the Tx antenna) can be strong and overwhelm all multipaths (e.g., overshadowing reflected signals received from both the dynamic and static paths). Therefore, in one aspect of this disclosure, an algorithm is implemented at wireless device 702 capable of identifying and eliminating leakage signals, such that wireless device 702 can extract different signal variations (e.g., signals from different paths) from the received signal. In other words, the algorithm described herein enables wireless device 702 to distinguish signals in the dynamic and / or static paths from signals in the leakage path (which may be referred to as "leakage signals" for the purposes of this disclosure).

[0094] Figure 8 Figure 800 illustrates example algorithms for leakage signal elimination (which may also be referred to as "leakage elimination" or "elimination of leakage signals") according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0095] At 810, initially (e.g., at the start of the leak elimination process / session), the wireless device 802 (e.g., RF / Wi-Fi) ® The radar can be configured to capture (e.g., receive) signals (e.g., packets) transmitted by the wireless device 802. For example, the wireless device 802 can be configured to transmit signals via at least one of its Tx antennas and capture signals reflected from multiple surfaces (i.e., reflected signals) and / or leaked signals from the Tx antennas (i.e., leaked signals) via at least one of its Rx antennas, such as combining... Figure 7 As described. During this initialization process, wireless device 802 may set the captured signal (e.g., the captured LTF) to be equal to the residual signal 804 (e.g., captured signal = residual signal). Wireless device 802 may then continue to transmit signals and capture reflected and leaked signals.

[0096] At 820, the wireless device 802 may be configured to perform channel estimation for the residual signal 804 (e.g., the first captured signal, which may be referred to as the first (1st) iteration), such as calculating the channel impulse response (CIR) for the residual signal 804. As shown at 822, since the residual signal 804 may include a leakage signal, the leakage signal may appear in the first few channel taps of the calculated CIR. For the purposes of this disclosure, a channel tap may refer to the response of a communication channel at a specific discrete time or spatial point. For example, since the path traveled by a leakage signal may be much shorter than that of a reflected signal (e.g., as...). Figure 7 As shown, this is directly from the Tx antenna to the Rx antenna, so the leaked signal may appear on the first few channel taps of the CIR (e.g., the first few time instances).

[0097] Then, as shown at 824, wireless device 802 can be configured to calculate a new CIR based on the previous CIR (which may be referred to as the output CIR, as shown at 822), wherein the new CIR can be configured to retain a specified range of channel taps of the output CIR (e.g., [0, X], [-X, …, 0, …, X], [X, Y], etc.) and force the other channel taps to zero. For example, wireless device 802 can be configured to retain the first two channel taps of the CIR and set the remaining / subsequent channel taps to zero, as shown at 824. In other words, wireless device 802 can be configured to assume that most of the leaked signal can be captured by the first two channel taps.

[0098] At 830, wireless device 802 can be configured to convolve the calculated new CIR with a reference signal that has not yet been transmitted on the channel (e.g., a reference signal that has not yet been transmitted by wireless device 802). For the purposes of this disclosure, when one signal is convolved with another signal, this can refer to the combination of two signals to form a third signal. Wireless device 802 can then store the convolved signal (e.g., a combination of the reference signal and the new CIR) as a temporary signal 806. temp_sig The temporary signal 806 can capture most of the leaked energy of the original original signal.

[0099] At 840, wireless device 802 may subtract temporary signal 806 from (e.g., calculated at 820) residual signal 804 to obtain an updated residual signal 808, which may consist only of reflected signal, for example, residual signal = leakage signal + reflected signal, temporary signal = leakage signal, so the subtraction may only yield reflected signal.

[0100] To ensure the accuracy and reliability of leaked signal cancellation (or reflected signal extraction), wireless device 802 can be configured to repeat the process described in combination with 820, 830, and 840 a defined number of times (e.g., up to...). i (Next iteration). For example, wireless device 802 can continue... i The next iteration is used to suppress the leakage signal and extract the peaks caused by multipath from the reflected signal.

[0101] Figure 9A Figure 900A illustrates an example CIR prior to leakage elimination according to various aspects of this disclosure. As shown at 902, the first few channel taps (e.g., [0, X], [-X, …, 0, …, X], [X, Y], etc.) of the CIR of the captured signal (e.g., residual signal 804) before leakage elimination is applied may include very high absolute (abs) values, which may indicate the presence of a very strong leakage signal.

[0102] Figure 9B Figure 900B illustrates an example CIR after leakage elimination according to various aspects of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 900B, CIR after leakage elimination can help suppress the leakage signal (or leakage energy) by approximately 6 dB and highlight the target peak (e.g., a peak caused by reflected signals or other multipath) that was previously submerged (e.g., buried) by the leakage signal.

[0103] Figure 9C This illustrates various aspects of the present disclosure in relation to... iFigure 900C shows an example target leakage power ratio (TLR) after leakage elimination (e.g., 100 iterations). As shown at 904, in order to meaningfully / accurately recover / identify the energy of the target peak associated with the reflected signal relative to the entire CIR (or to meaningfully / accurately eliminate the leakage signal), the wireless device 802 may be specified to perform only a few iterations. For example, the target leakage power ratio (TLR) may exceed five (5) after only three or four iterations. Here, the target may refer to the reflected signal, which the wireless device is configured to detect, and the leakage, which the wireless device is configured to mitigate. Before leakage elimination, the TLR may be very low because the leakage is too strong. After several iterations of leakage elimination, the TLR may be large enough to exceed a threshold, thus indicating that the residual leakage is small enough.

[0104] Combination Figure 8 The described aspects enable wireless devices (e.g., RF / Wi-Fi) ® Radar, wireless devices (such as 802), can effectively and accurately eliminate leaked signals and capture reflected signals. Based on the captured reflected signals, the wireless device can then determine whether at least one moving object or at least one living organism (with minimal movement, such as breathing) is present in the environment. For example, the wireless device can be configured to detect differences across time in the captured reflected signals.

[0105] Figure 10 This is an example diagram 1000 illustrating occupancy detection with range estimation according to various aspects of this disclosure. (See diagram 1000 in conjunction with...) Figure 8 As described, at 1002, wireless device 802 may capture signals / packets transmitted by wireless device 802 over a time period (in the environment), wherein the captured signals / packets may include leakage signals and reflected signals (e.g., superposition of multipath). At 1004, wireless device 802 may perform channel estimation for the captured signals / packets, such as measuring the CIR of the captured signals / packets, as shown at 1006. At 1008, wireless device 802 may perform leakage cancellation to extract (e.g., filter out) reflected signals. In other words, for each captured signal / packet across time, wireless device 802 may perform leakage cancellation such that peaks in the CIR plot due to multipath may dominate.

[0106] At 1010, the wireless device 802 may be configured to perform occupancy detection, such as detecting the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living being, based on differences across time in the detected CIR. For example, as shown at 1012, the CIRs from signals / packets captured across a time period may be accumulated together (e.g., the CIRs from signals / packets #1 to N within 200 nanoseconds (ns) may be accumulated together). For the purposes of this disclosure, the moving object may be non-living or living, and may include a living being performing minimal movement such as breathing (when standing or sitting still, etc.).

[0107] Then, as shown at 1014, based on the accumulated CIR, a heatmap (or similar mechanism) can be generated (e.g., by wireless device 802), where the heatmap can show which channel tap has a difference across signals / packets. For example, a brighter color can depict the detection of a difference across (high) number of signals / packets at a channel tap, while a darker color can depict the detection of no difference across signals / packets at a channel tap, etc. The detected differences can indicate the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living organism in the environment.

[0108] As shown at 1016, after identifying the differences based on a heatmap, the wireless device 802 can calculate the value of the CIR difference. For example, a graph (or difference graph) depicting the difference in CIR relative to a channel tap can be generated to identify peaks (or indices of peaks) in the graph, wherein the identified peaks can be used to determine the path delay of the channel tap where the largest difference is observed (e.g., the path delay may be associated with at least one moving object and / or at least one biological entity in the environment).

[0109] Based on the identified peak values ​​and their differences, wireless device 802 can determine that the peaks are associated with a moving object or organism, and wireless device 802 can calculate the distance / range of the moving object / organism from wireless device 802. In other words, the index of the peaks in the difference graph gives the distance / range of the subject from wireless device 802. For example, the time difference between the leakage signal and the index of the difference peaks can indicate the round-trip time of the signal traveling from the wireless device to the subject (e.g., a moving object) and back to the wireless device. This time can be expressed as... And half of that time can indicate the time from the wireless device to the subject (e.g., This half-time multiplied by the speed of light ( )(For example, This provides the distance between the wireless device and the subject. In some examples, the accuracy of the distance / range estimation can be further improved by averaging the results at multiple receiving antennas. For example, each receiving antenna (among multiple receiving antennas) can be configured to perform the combination independently. Figure 10The described operation. Then, the wireless device 802 can operate with multiple receiving antennas (or a defined number of receiving antennas, such as those with the highest estimated value). X The distance / range estimate calculated from individual antennas (e.g., one antenna) is averaged.

[0110] In some implementations, after wireless device 802 detects a moving object / creature and / or calculates its distance relative to wireless device 802, wireless device 802 may output an indication of the detected moving object / creature and / or its calculated / estimated distance. For example, wireless device 802 may send the indication of the detected moving object / creature and / or its calculated / estimated distance to one or more applications designated to it (e.g., activity identification application, health monitoring application, presence detection application, etc.), or store the indication of the detected moving object / creature and / or its calculated / estimated distance, such as for record keeping or tracking purposes.

[0111] Figure 11 Figure 1100 illustrates an example occupancy detection scenario for a living object with minimal movement, according to various aspects of this disclosure. After leakage elimination is performed, since the wireless device 802 may have the ability to detect very slight changes in the CIR of signals / packets captured over time, the wireless device 802 may be able to detect minute movements on a person's chest, such as movements associated with breathing (e.g., chest displacement between inhalation and exhalation), as shown at 1102. Therefore, in conjunction with... Figure 8 and Figure 10 The described algorithm can be used to detect human presence, even when a person is sitting / standing still in an environment. A key observation is that any living being, even when stationary, can eventually perform minute displacements (e.g., breathing will cause chest displacement). Leakage elimination helps wireless devices recover even minute and buried changes in the CIR, with results showing distance / range estimations for scenarios where a living being is stationary but still causes some changes in the CIR.

[0112] This article presents various aspects related to using leak elimination to improve Wi-Fi-based... ® This paper presents techniques for object detection and ranging using signals. Various aspects of this technique provide leakage elimination to improve the detection and extraction of signal variations, which may include: initializing the signal and residual signal to be equal to the captured long training field (LTF); using the residual signal to calculate the channel impulse response (CIR) through multiple iterations to extract signal peaks caused by multipath propagation.

[0113] Figure 12This is a flowchart 1200 of a method for wireless communication (or object detection) at a user equipment (UE). This method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, 404; wireless devices 502, 702, 802; device 1404). This method can improve the accuracy and reliability of object detection.

[0114] At 1204, the UE can receive a set of signals over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set includes a superposition of multipath signals and leakage signals traversed by that signal, such as a combination of... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1002, wireless device 802 can capture signals / packets transmitted by wireless device 802 over a period of time (in the environment), wherein the captured signals / packets may include leaked signals and reflected signals (e.g., multipath superposition). Reception of the signal set can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0115] In one example, in order to receive a set of signals, the UE can measure the channel impulse response (CIR) of the set of signals.

[0116] In another example, in order to receive a set of signals within a time period, the UE can receive each signal in the set of signals at different times within that time period.

[0117] In another example, in order to receive a set of signals, the UE may receive the set of signals via at least one transceiver at the UE.

[0118] In another example, the leaked signal may be associated with at least one transmit (Tx) antenna of the UE.

[0119] At position 1206, the UE can filter out the leaked signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal, such as combining... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1008, wireless device 802 can perform leakage cancellation to extract (e.g., filter out) reflected signals. In other words, for each captured signal / packet across time, wireless device 802 can perform leakage cancellation so that peaks due to multipath may dominate in the CIR plot. Filtering of leaked signals can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0120] In one example, to filter out the leaked signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal, the UE may calculate a first CIR for each signal in the signal set, calculate a second CIR for each signal in the signal set based on setting the channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaked signal to zero, convolve the second CIR with a reference signal to obtain a transient signal, and remove the transient signal from each signal to obtain the multipath signal for each signal. In some implementations, the leaked signal corresponds to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer. In some implementations, the reference signal is a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

[0121] At point 1208, the UE can detect whether there are differences across the filtered signal set within that time period, such as combinations. Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in 1010, the wireless device 802 can be configured to perform occupancy detection, such as detecting the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living being in the environment, based on differences across time in the detected CIR. The detection of these differences can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0122] At 1210, the UE can identify the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of a difference, such as by combining Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1014, a heatmap can be generated (e.g., by wireless device 802) based on accumulated CIR, where the heatmap can show which channel taps have differences across signals / packets. Detected differences can indicate the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living organism in the environment. The presence of at least one moving object can be identified by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0123] In one example, the UE may transmit a set of signals during this time period before receiving the set of signals, wherein, in order to receive the set of signals during this time period, the UE may receive the set of signals after it has been reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include at least one moving object, such as a combination Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1002, wireless device 802 can capture signals / packets transmitted by wireless device 802 within a time period (in the environment). The transmission of the signal set can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0124] In another example, the UE can calculate the distance from each object in at least one moving object to the UE based on differences, such as combining... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1016, based on the identified peak values ​​and their differences, wireless device 802 can determine that the peaks are associated with a moving object or organism, and wireless device 802 can calculate the distance / range of the moving object / organism from wireless device 802. The distance can be calculated by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0125] In another example, in order to calculate the distance from each of the at least one moving objects to the UE, the UE may identify the index of the peak in the difference of each moving object, determine the path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference of each moving object, and calculate the distance from each moving object to the UE based on the path delay of each moving object.

[0126] In another example, the UE may output an indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object. In some implementations, in order to output the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object, the UE may send the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object or store the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object.

[0127] Figure 13This is a flowchart 1300 of a method for wireless communication (or object detection) at a user equipment (UE). This method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, 404; wireless devices 502, 702, 802; device 1404). This method can improve the accuracy and reliability of object detection.

[0128] At 1304, the UE can receive a set of signals over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set includes a superposition of multipath signals and leakage signals traversed by that signal, such as a combination of... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1002, wireless device 802 can capture signals / packets transmitted by wireless device 802 over a period of time (in the environment), wherein the captured signals / packets may include leaked signals and reflected signals (e.g., multipath superposition). Reception of the signal set can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0129] In one example, in order to receive a set of signals, the UE can measure the CIR of the set of signals.

[0130] In another example, in order to receive a set of signals within a time period, the UE can receive each signal in the set of signals at different times within that time period.

[0131] In another example, in order to receive a set of signals, the UE may receive the set of signals via at least one transceiver at the UE.

[0132] In another example, the leaked signal may be associated with at least one Tx antenna of the UE.

[0133] At 1306, the UE can filter out the leaked signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of multipath signals for each signal, such as combining... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1008, wireless device 802 can perform leakage cancellation to extract (e.g., filter out) reflected signals. In other words, for each captured signal / packet across time, wireless device 802 can perform leakage cancellation so that peaks due to multipath may dominate in the CIR plot. Filtering of leaked signals can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0134] In one example, to filter out the leaked signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal, the UE may calculate a first CIR for each signal in the signal set, calculate a second CIR for each signal in the signal set based on setting the channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaked signal to zero, convolve the second CIR with a reference signal to obtain a transient signal, and remove the transient signal from each signal to obtain the multipath signal for each signal. In some implementations, the leaked signal corresponds to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer. In some implementations, the reference signal is a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

[0135] At 1308, the UE can detect whether there are differences across the filtered signal set within that time period, such as combinations. Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in 1010, the wireless device 802 can be configured to perform occupancy detection, such as detecting the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living being in the environment, based on differences across time in the detected CIR. The detection of these differences can be achieved by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0136] At 1310, the UE can identify the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of a difference, such as in combination with Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1014, a heatmap can be generated (e.g., by wireless device 802) based on accumulated CIR, where the heatmap can show which channel taps have differences across signals / packets. Detected differences can indicate the presence of at least one moving object and / or at least one living organism in the environment. The presence of at least one moving object can be identified by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0137] In one example, as shown at 1302, the UE may transmit a set of signals during this time period before receiving the set of signals, wherein, in order to receive the set of signals during this time period, the UE may receive the set of signals after it has been reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include at least one moving object, such as a combination Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1002, wireless device 802 can capture signals / packets transmitted by wireless device 802 within a time period (in the environment). The transmission of the signal set can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0138] In another example, as shown at 1312, the UE can calculate the distance from each of at least one moving object to the UE based on differences, such as combining... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As described. For example, as in combination Figure 10 As discussed in section 1016, based on the identified peak values ​​and their differences, wireless device 802 can determine that the peaks are associated with a moving object or organism, and wireless device 802 can calculate the distance / range of the moving object / organism from wireless device 802. The distance can be calculated by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is used to perform the operation via an object detection component 198, one or more sensors 1418, a UWB module 1438, a transceiver 1422, a cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or an application processor 1406.

[0139] In one example, to calculate the distance from each of at least one moving object to the UE, the UE may identify the index of the peak in the difference of each moving object, determine the path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference of each moving object, and calculate the distance from each moving object to the UE based on the path delay of each moving object.

[0140] In another example, the UE may output an indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object. In some implementations, in order to output the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object, the UE may send the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object or store the indication of the presence of at least one identified mobile object.

[0141] Figure 14Figure 1400 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for device 1404. Device 1404 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or implement UE functionality. In some aspects, device 1404 may include at least one cellular baseband processor 1424 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1422 (e.g., cellular RF transceivers). Cellular baseband processor 1424 may include at least one on-chip memory 1424'. In some aspects, device 1404 may also include one or more Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards 1420 and at least one application processor 1406 coupled to a Secure Digital Card (SD) card 1408 and a screen 1410. Application processor 1406 may include on-chip memory 1406'. In some aspects, device 1404 may also include a Bluetooth module 1412, a WLAN module 1414, an ultra-wideband (UWB) module 1438, an SPS module 1416 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensors 1418 (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1426, a power supply 1430, and / or a camera 1432. Bluetooth module 1412, UWB module 1438, WLAN module 1414, and SPS module 1416 may include on-chip transceivers (TRX) (or in some cases, only receivers (RX)). Bluetooth module 1412, WLAN module 1414, and SPS module 1416 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antenna 1480. Cellular baseband processor 1424 communicates with UE 104 and / or RU associated with network entity 1402 via transceiver 1422 through one or more antennas 1480. Cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 may each include computer-readable media / memory 1424', 1406'. Additional memory module 1426 may also be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory 1424', 1406', 1426 may be non-transitory. Cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. When executed by cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406, the software causes cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 to perform the various functions described above. Cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 are configured to perform the various functions described above based at least in part on information stored in memory.In other words, the cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 can be configured to perform a first subset of the various functions described above without information stored in memory, and can be configured to perform a second subset of the various functions described above based on information stored in memory. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 during software execution. The cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include at least one memory 360 and / or at least one of a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1404 can be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and includes only the cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or the application processor 1406, while in another configuration, the device 1404 can be the entire UE (e.g., see [link]). Figure 3 The UE 350 includes an additional module of the device 1404.

[0142] As discussed above, object detection component 198 can be configured to receive a set of signals over a time period, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of multipath signals traversed by the signal and a leakage signal. Object detection component 198 can also be configured to filter out leakage signals from each signal in the set of signals to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal. Object detection component 198 can also be configured to detect the presence of differences across the filtered set of signals over the time period. Object detection component 198 can also be configured to identify the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of such differences. Object detection component 198 may be located within cellular baseband processor 1424, application processor 1406, or both cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406. Object detection component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown, device 1404 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1404 (and specifically cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406) may include means for receiving a set of signals over a time period, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of multipath signals traversed by the signal and a leakage signal. Device 1404 may also include means for filtering out the leakage signal from each signal in the set of signals to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal. Device 1404 may also include means for detecting whether a difference exists across the filtered set of signals over the time period. Device 1404 may also include means for identifying the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference.

[0143] In one configuration, the components for receiving the signal set may include configuring the device 1404 to measure the channel impulse response (CIR) of the signal set.

[0144] In another configuration, the components for receiving a set of signals during the time period may include configuring the device 1404 to receive each signal in the set of signals at different times during the time period.

[0145] In another configuration, the components for receiving the signal set may include configuring the device 1404 to receive the signal set via at least one transceiver at the UE.

[0146] In another configuration, the leakage signal may be associated with at least one Tx antenna of device 1404.

[0147] In another configuration, the components for filtering out the leaked signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of multipath signals for each signal may include configuring the device 1404 to calculate a first CIR for each signal in the signal set, calculate a second CIR for each signal in the signal set based on setting channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaked signal to zero, convolve the second CIR with a reference signal to obtain a transient signal, and remove the transient signal from each signal to obtain a multipath signal for each signal. In some implementations, the leaked signal may correspond to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer. In some implementations, the reference signal may be a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

[0148] In another configuration, the device 1404 may further include components for transmitting the signal set prior to reception of the signal set during the time period, wherein the components for receiving the signal set during the time period may include configuring the device 1404 to receive the signal set after it has been reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include at least one moving object.

[0149] In another configuration, the device 1404 may also include a component for calculating the distance from each of the at least one moving object to the device 1404 based on the difference.

[0150] In another configuration, the components for calculating the distance from each of the at least one moving object to the device 1404 may include configuring the device 1404 to identify an index of a peak in the difference of each moving object, determining a path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference of each moving object, and calculating the distance from each moving object to the UE based on the path delay of each moving object.

[0151] In another configuration, the device 1404 may further include components for outputting an indication of the presence of at least one identified moving object. In some specific embodiments, the components for outputting an indication of the presence of at least one identified moving object may include configuring the device 1404 to send an indication of the presence of at least one identified moving object, or storing an indication of the presence of at least one identified moving object.

[0152] These components may be the object detection component 198 of device 1404 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, device 1404 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, these components may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0153] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowcharts is merely an example of the exemplary method. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowcharts may be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes may be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of various boxes in a sample order, but are not limited to the given specific order or hierarchy.

[0154] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Unless specifically stated otherwise, references to elements in the singular form do not mean “one and only one” but rather “one or more.” Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “simultaneously” do not imply a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as “when…”, do not imply an immediate action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but simply suggest that if a condition is met, then the action will occur, without requiring a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a collection of elements with a number of one or more elements. Therefore, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to execute a set of functions, the at least one processor is configured to execute the set of functions individually or in any combination. Therefore, each processor in at least one processor can be configured to perform a specific subset of the set of functions, wherein the subset is the complete set, a suitable subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. A processor may be referred to as a processor circuit. A memory / memory module may be referred to as a memory circuit. If a first device receives data from or sends data to a second device, data can be received / sent directly between the first and second devices, or indirectly between the first and second devices through a set of devices. A device configured to "output" or "provide" data (such as transmission, signaling, or messaging) may, for example, transmit data using a transceiver, or may transmit the data to the device that sent the data.A device configured to "acquire" data (such as, transmit, signal, or message) may, for example, receive the data using a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described herein that are known to those skilled in the art or will later be known are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," etc., cannot replace the word "component." Therefore, no claim element will be construed as a functional component unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "component for..."

[0155] As used in this article, the phrase “based on” should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as “based on at least A”, unless otherwise stated otherwise.

[0156] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0157] Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a set of signals over a time period, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of a multipath signal traversed by the signal and a leakage signal; filtering out the leakage signal from each signal in the set of signals to obtain the superposition of the multipath signal for each signal; detecting whether there is a difference across the filtered set of signals over the time period; and identifying the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference.

[0158] Aspect 2 is the method according to aspect 1, the method further comprising: calculating the distance from each of the at least one moving object to the UE based on the difference.

[0159] Aspect 3 is the method according to aspect 1 or aspect 2, wherein calculating the distance from each of the at least one mobile object to the UE comprises: identifying an index of a peak in the difference of each mobile object; determining a path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference of each mobile object; and calculating the distance from each mobile object to the UE based on the path delay of each mobile object.

[0160] Aspect 4 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, the method further comprising: transmitting the signal set prior to the reception of the signal set during the time period; and wherein receiving the signal set during the time period includes receiving the signal set after the signal set is reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include the at least one moving object.

[0161] Aspect 5 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the at least one moving object includes at least one organism.

[0162] Aspect 6 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein receiving the signal set includes: measuring the channel impulse response (CIR) of the signal set.

[0163] Aspect 7 is a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein filtering out the leaking signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signal for each signal comprises: calculating a first channel impulse response (CIR) for each signal in the signal set; calculating a second CIR for each signal in the signal set based on setting channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaking signal to zero; convolving the second CIR with a reference signal to obtain a temporary signal; and removing the temporary signal from each signal to obtain the multipath signal for each signal.

[0164] Aspect 8 is the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the leakage signal corresponds to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer.

[0165] Aspect 9 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the reference signal is a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

[0166] Aspect 10 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, the method further comprising: outputting an indication of the presence of the at least one moving object.

[0167] Aspect 11 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 or 10, wherein outputting the indication of the existence of the at least one mobile object comprises: sending the indication of the existence of the at least one mobile object; or storing the indication of the existence of the at least one mobile object.

[0168] Aspect 12 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein receiving the set of signals during the time period includes: receiving each signal in the set of signals at different times during the time period.

[0169] Aspect 13 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein receiving the signal set includes: receiving the signal set via the at least one transceiver at the UE.

[0170] Aspect 14 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, wherein the leakage signal is associated with at least one transmit (Tx) antenna of the UE.

[0171] Aspect 15 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to implement any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0172] Aspect 16 is an apparatus according to aspect 15, the apparatus further comprising at least one transceiver coupled to the at least one processor.

[0173] Aspect 17 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: components for implementing any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0174] Aspect 18 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) that stores computer-executable code, wherein the code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement any one of aspects 1 to 14.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination as follows: A set of signals is received over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of multipath signals and leakage signals traversed by the signal; Leaking signals are filtered out from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of the multipath signals for each signal; Detect whether there are differences in the filtered signal set within the stated time period; as well as The detection of the difference is used to identify the presence of at least one moving object.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The distance from each of the at least one moving object to the UE is calculated based on the difference.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, in order to calculate the distance from each of the at least one moving object to the UE, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: An index identifying the peak value in the difference for each moved object; Determine the path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference for each moved object; as well as The distance from each mobile object to the UE is calculated based on the path delay of each mobile object.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, individually or in any combination, to: During the time period, the signal set is transmitted before the reception of the signal set; and In order to receive the signal set during the time period, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to receive the signal set after it has been reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include the at least one moving object.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one moving object comprises at least one living organism.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to receive the set of signals, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Measure the channel impulse response (CIR) of the signal set.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to filter out the leaking signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signals for each signal, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Calculate the first channel impulse response (CIR) for each signal in the set of signals. The second CIR for each signal in the signal set is calculated by setting the channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaked signal to zero; The second CIR is convolved with the reference signal to obtain a temporary signal; as well as The temporary signal is removed from each signal to obtain the multipath signal for each signal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the leakage signal corresponds to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the reference signal is a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Output an indication of the presence of the identified at least one moving object.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, in order to output the indication of the presence of the at least one identified moving object, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Send the indication of the presence of the at least one identified moving object; or The indication of the existence of the at least one moving object is stored.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to receive the set of signals during the said time period, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Each signal in the signal set is received at different times during the time period.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to receive the set of signals, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: The signal set is received via at least one transceiver at the UE.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leakage signal is associated with at least one transmit (Tx) antenna of the UE.

15. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: A set of signals is received over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of multipath signals and leakage signals traversed by the signal; The leaked signal is filtered out from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signals for each signal; Detect whether there are differences in the filtered signal set within the stated time period; as well as The detection of the difference is used to identify the presence of at least one moving object.

16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: The distance from each of the at least one moving object to the UE is calculated based on the difference.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein calculating the distance from each of the at least one moving object to the UE comprises: An index identifying the peak value in the difference for each moved object; Determine the path delay associated with the index of the peak in the difference for each moved object; as well as The distance from each mobile object to the UE is calculated based on the path delay of each mobile object.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising: During the time period, the signal set is transmitted before the reception of the signal set; and Receiving the signal set within the time period includes receiving the signal set after it has been reflected from one or more objects, wherein the one or more objects include the at least one moving object.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one moving object comprises at least one living organism.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the set of signals comprises: Measure the channel impulse response (CIR) of the signal set.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein filtering out the leaking signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signals for each signal comprises: Calculate the first channel impulse response (CIR) for each signal in the set of signals. The second CIR for each signal in the signal set is calculated by setting the channel taps in the first CIR that are not associated with the leaked signal to zero; The second CIR is convolved with the reference signal to obtain a temporary signal; as well as The temporary signal is removed from each signal to obtain the multipath signal for each signal.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the leakage signal corresponds to the first X channel taps in the first CIR, where X is an integer.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the reference signal is a signal that has not yet been transmitted by the UE on the channel.

24. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: Output an indication of the presence of the identified at least one moving object.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein outputting the indication of the presence of the at least one moving object comprises: Send the indication of the presence of the identified at least one moving object; or The indication of the existence of the at least one moving object is stored.

26. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the set of signals during the time period comprises: Each signal in the signal set is received at different times during the time period.

27. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the set of signals comprises: The signal set is received via at least one transceiver at the UE.

28. The method of claim 15, wherein the leakage signal is associated with at least one transmit (Tx) antenna of the UE.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: A component for receiving a set of signals over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of a multipath signal traversed by the signal and a leakage signal; A component for filtering out the leaking signal from each signal in the signal set to obtain the superposition of the multipath signals for each signal; A component used to detect whether there are differences across the filtered signal set within the time period; and A component used to identify the presence of at least one moving object in response to the detection of the difference.

30. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable code, said code, when executed by at least one processor, causing said at least one processor to: A set of signals is received over a period of time, wherein each signal in the set of signals comprises a superposition of multipath signals and leakage signals traversed by the signal; Leaking signals are filtered out from each signal in the signal set to obtain a superposition of the multipath signals for each signal; Detect whether there are differences in the filtered signal set within the stated time period; as well as The detection of the difference is used to identify the presence of at least one moving object.

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