Planting method based on wheat strip deep ploughing and straw row returning

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method based on wheat strip deep ploughing and straw row returning, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. According to the method, aiming at the problems of poor seeding quality, soil degradation and the like caused by a traditional straw returning mode, straw shunting, fertilization, strip deep ploughing (greater than or equal to 25cm), pressing before seeding, precise wide and narrow row seeding and pressing after seeding are completed at one time through a core agriculture combining straw row covering and strip stubble cleaning and deep ploughing in cooperation with an integrated special machine. According to the method, a straw-free stubble cleaning environment is created in seeding rows, and the seeding quality and the emergence rate are greatly improved; the inter-row straw coverage has the functions of preserving soil moisture and regulating temperature; the strip deep ploughing breaks the plow pan, improves the soil structure and promotes the root system to prick downwards. The wheat yield is remarkably increased (by 8.81%-12.47%) while the ecological benefit of straw returning to the field is guaranteed, the production cost is reduced, and the cost is saved and the efficiency is increased by 215.44 yuan / mu.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop cultivation technology, specifically a planting method based on deep strip tillage of wheat and straw return to the field. It is particularly suitable for wheat-corn double crop rotation areas. By optimizing tillage methods and mechanized operation processes, it solves problems such as poor sowing quality and soil degradation caused by straw return to the field, and achieves stable and high wheat yields and efficient resource utilization. Background Technology

[0002] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance some understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0003] Wheat is the most widely cultivated food crop globally and a major food crop in northern my country. In 2022, my country's wheat planting area was 22,962,000 hectares, a decrease of 1,704,000 hectares compared to 24,666,000 hectares in 2016. However, the demand for wheat driven by economic development continues to increase, and increasing yield per unit area over a large area is an effective way to improve my country's total wheat production.

[0004] The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain accounts for 62% of the total wheat planting area in my country and one-third of the country's total grain output, making it one of my country's major wheat-producing areas. However, the region's arable land is mainly dryland, and its water resources per unit area are only about one-quarter of the national average, making it one of my country's most water-scarce regions. Furthermore, the winter wheat-summer maize double-cropping system is the main planting system in the Huang-Huai-Hai winter wheat region. Straw return to the field is an important agronomic measure in this system, improving soil structure, promoting carbon sequestration, enriching soil fertility, and achieving efficient resource utilization. It also helps conserve moisture, retain water, and mitigate soil temperature fluctuations, thus improving the quality of arable land. A detailed description of the traditional rotary tillage followed by sowing technique is as follows: (1) Straw treatment: After corn harvest, the straw is usually crushed and returned to the field, with a length generally not exceeding 5cm. The stubble removal operation speed is limited to within 8 km / h, and the tractor engine speed is not less than 1800 rpm.

[0005] (2) Preparation before sowing: Select wheat varieties suitable for local climate and soil conditions. Seed quality requirements are high, with a purity of not less than 99.0%, a cleanliness of not less than 99.0%, a germination rate of not less than 85%, and a moisture content of not more than 13.0%. Seed treatment includes seed coating and seed dressing to prevent and control diseases and pests during the seedling stage. Irrigate the soil thoroughly to ensure that the field water holding capacity of the 0-50cm topsoil layer is 70%-80%.

[0006] (3) Sowing: Use a traditional rotary tiller for rotary tillage, usually two times and one harrowing. Use a seeder for sowing, generally controlling the sowing depth to be 3-5 cm, ensuring consistent depth, and compact the soil. The sowing rate is adjusted according to the variety and sowing date. The recommended sowing rate for multi-spike wheat varieties at the suitable sowing date is 187.5 kg / hm²-225 kg / hm².

[0007] (4) Field management: Pre-winter management includes winter irrigation, pre-winter weeding, and pre-winter compaction. Spring fertilizer and water management includes irrigation and topdressing at the early jointing stage and the heading stage. Urea is used for topdressing, with 225-300 kg per hectare. During spring management, regulators and foliar fertilizer are sprayed twice in conjunction with "one spray for three preventions".

[0008] (5) Harvesting: Wheat should be harvested by machine at the late waxy stage to the early stage of full maturity, when the grain loss rate is low, the yield is the highest, and the quality is the best.

[0009] However, the traditional rotary tillage followed by sowing method has significant problems: poor sowing quality: With traditional rotary tillage followed by sowing, there is a large amount of straw in the tillage layer, which easily causes seeds to fall on the straw, resulting in "drying out" and leading to poor sowing quality and serious gaps in the rows; competition for fertilizer and water: During the decomposition process, the straw in the tillage layer competes with the next crop of wheat for fertilizer and water, affecting wheat growth; formation of a plow pan: Years of rotary tillage lead to a shallower tillage layer and a harder plow pan, resulting in poor soil permeability and aeration, making it difficult for crop roots to penetrate, which is not conducive to wheat growth and development; increased pests and diseases: Pathogenic microorganisms and insect eggs in the straw overwinter, aggravating diseases; time-consuming and labor-intensive: Rotary tillage twice a year, harrowing once, and then sowing are time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing labor intensity and machinery costs. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are as follows: (1) Under the straw return system, the amount of straw in the tillage layer is large, and the seeds are easy to fall on the straw, resulting in poor sowing quality of winter wheat and serious seedling gaps and broken rows. (2) During the decomposition process, the straw in the tillage layer competes with the next crop of wheat for fertilizer and water, resulting in low water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of wheat. (3) Continuous rotary tillage leads to shallow soil tillage layer and hardened plow pan, poor soil permeability and aeration, and difficulty for crop roots to penetrate, which is not conducive to wheat growth and development. (4) Existing tillage methods (such as deep plowing of the whole field or continuous rotary tillage) are difficult to balance breaking the contradiction between the plow pan and protecting the soil structure and conserving water and moisture. Deep plowing is prone to deteriorating the deep soil environment and aggravating soil erosion, while rotary tillage leads to the formation of the plow pan. (5) Traditional operation links are numerous (rotary tillage, harrowing, etc.), mechanical operation consumes too much energy, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increases planting costs, and reduces planting benefits.

[0011] This invention solves the above-mentioned problems of traditional rotary tillage and sowing techniques by using straw collection and return to the field for deep strip tillage of wheat to increase temperature and retain moisture: (1) Straw-free deep tillage in strips: Straw separation technology is used to separate straw in the planting strips, so there is no straw in the sowing rows, which significantly improves the sowing quality. (2) Straw mulching between rows: The soil temperature in the 10cm layer below the straw-mulched rows is 0.5-0.7℃ higher than that in the sowing rows and the control, which promotes strong seedlings before winter. (3) Breaking the plow pan: Deep strip tillage breaks the plow pan, which makes the soil have better water retention and water infiltration functions, and promotes the root system of wheat to grow deeper. (4) Reducing pests and diseases: Straw is returned to the field between rows, so there is no straw in the planting rows, which reduces the number of pathogens in the rhizosphere soil of wheat and significantly reduces the occurrence of wheat diseases before winter. (5) Saving farming time: Deep strip tillage has a smaller operation area than deep tillage of the whole field. Combined with sowing, it reduces the operation links and power requirements, improves operation efficiency, and saves farming time. Through the above improvements, this invention significantly improves the sowing quality and yield of wheat, reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases, and saves labor and time costs.

[0012] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A planting method based on deep plowing of wheat strips and returning straw to the field includes the following steps: S1. Straw mulching: After corn harvest, the straw is crushed and returned to the field; during sowing, a seeder with a straw diversion device is used to concentrate and divert the crushed straw to a pre-set no-till straw mulching strip, forming a clean stubble state without straw in the sowing strip. S2. Strip deep tillage and fertilization: Deep tillage of the seeding strip to a depth of not less than 25cm is carried out to break up the plow pan; at the same time, base fertilizer is applied to the surface of the deep tillage strip and mixed into the soil during the deep tillage operation. S3. Pre-sowing compaction and sowing: The sowing strip after deep plowing is compacted before sowing, and then precision sowing is carried out in the compacted sowing strip; the sowing adopts a wide and narrow row planting pattern, wherein the narrow row spacing is 14 to 16 cm and the wide row spacing is 25 cm to 29 cm, and the wide row corresponds to the no-till straw mulch strip. S4. Post-sowing compaction: Compact the sowing strip after sowing.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the width of the no-till straw mulch strip is 22cm to 26cm, and the width of the sowing strip is 16cm to 18cm. More preferably, the width of the no-till straw mulch strip is 24.5cm, and the width of the sowing strip is 17.7cm.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the length of the crushed straw is no more than 5 cm.

[0015] In step S1, straw is collected and mulched in rows. Matching machinery is used to divert the straw to the no-till mulch strip, leaving no straw within the planting strip. Straw mulching between rows increases soil temperature and retains moisture.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the base fertilizer is a wheat-specific compound fertilizer, and the application rate is 600 kg / hm².

[0017] Step S2 involves deep rotary tillage of the planting strip to break up the plow pan, improve soil water retention and infiltration, and promote the deep rooting of wheat.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the narrow row spacing is 15cm and the wide row spacing is 27.2cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the sowing depth of wheat is 3-5 cm; under appropriate sowing conditions, the sowing rate of multi-spike varieties is 150-187.5 kg / hm².

[0020] The precision wide-narrow row sowing in step S3 adopts a wide-narrow row planting pattern to optimize the wheat population structure and growth environment, and improve its ability to resist and reduce disasters.

[0021] Preferably, steps S2, S3 and S4 are completed sequentially in one go by the same strip deep tillage straw collection and returning seeder.

[0022] Preferably, before sowing, ensure that the relative moisture content of the soil in the 0-20cm soil layer is 70%-80%.

[0023] Steps S3 and S4 involve pre- and post-sowing compaction: deep plowing followed by pre-sowing compaction and leveling, and subsequent compaction after sowing to ensure close contact between the seeds and the soil.

[0024] Preferably, the seeder used in this invention includes a frame, a straw diversion device, a deep tillage device, a fertilization device, a pre-sowing compaction device, a sowing device, and a post-sowing compaction device, which can complete six processes in one go: straw diversion and collection, fertilization, strip deep tillage, pre-sowing compaction, precision sowing, and post-sowing compaction.

[0025] Preferably, the method also includes field management steps: winter irrigation and weeding before winter; topdressing (urea 225kg / hm²-300kg / hm²) and irrigation during the spring jointing stage, combined with "one spray and three preventions" measures; harvesting: machine harvesting at the end of the waxy ripening stage.

[0026] Compared with the related technologies known to the inventors, one of the technical solutions of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Improved sowing quality: Strip stubble deep plowing avoids straw interference, sowing is uniform, and the amount of seeds used is reduced by more than 25%.

[0027] (2) Soil temperature regulation and water conservation: inter-row straw mulching increases the soil temperature of the 10cm soil layer before winter by 0.5-0.7℃, reduces evaporation, and increases water storage capacity by 17.94%-20.90%.

[0028] (3) Soil structure improvement: break up the plow pan, promote root growth, and enhance drought resistance.

[0029] (4) Cost reduction and efficiency improvement: Reducing the number of tillage and preparation steps by 3 increases yield by 8.81%-12.47%, resulting in a cost reduction and efficiency improvement of 215.44 yuan / mu compared to the control.

[0030] (5) Pest and disease control: Returning straw between rows reduces the number of rhizosphere pathogens and reduces pesticide use.

[0031] (6) High efficiency: The integrated operation completes 6 processes at once, improving the efficiency of mechanical operation and adapting to large-scale promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of field layout for wheat strip deep plowing and straw collection and return technology.

[0034] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of a prototype seeder for implementing the method of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 Flowchart of wheat strip deep plowing and straw return cultivation technology. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0037] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] To address the technical issues in existing technologies, the team began researching wheat strip deep tillage cultivation technology based on straw row collection and return to the field in 2019. This technology involves straw crushing and stubble removal after corn harvest (the length of the straw after stubble removal is generally no more than 5cm). During autumn sowing, a set of machinery is used to complete six processes in one go: straw separation to no-till straw mulch strips for row collection and return to the field, deep tillage fertilization, strip deep tillage (tillage depth of 25cm or more), pre-sowing compaction of the deep tillage strips, sowing of wheat in the leveled and compacted deep tillage strips, and post-sowing compaction. With no straw in the sowing rows, the adverse effects of straw on wheat sowing are avoided, significantly improving sowing quality and achieving uniform, strong, and healthy seedlings.

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1: Operational Procedure of Wheat Strip Deep Tillage and Straw Return to Field The operation process is as follows Figure 3 As shown.

[0041] 1. Pre-broadcast preparation 1.1 Stubble removal operations After corn harvest, all stalks should be shredded and returned to the field, generally no longer than 5 cm, and evenly spread to ensure uniform distribution. The speed of stubble-crushing machinery should be limited to 8 km / h or less. During normal operation, the tractor engine speed should not be lower than 1800 r / min. Adjust the working height using the rear suspension to ensure the stubble-crushing machine makes close contact with the ground at its maximum depth; adjust the center tie rod to maintain a distance of 1 cm to 2 cm between the fly hammer and the working surface, avoiding entry into the soil.

[0042] 1.2 Variety Selection Generally, wheat varieties approved by the Shandong Provincial or National (Huanghuai North Water Group) Variety Approval Committee are selected.

[0043] 1.3 Seed quality Seed purity is no less than 99.0%, cleanliness is no less than 99.0%, germination rate is no less than 85%, and moisture content is no higher than 13.0%. Impurities, chaff, incomplete seeds, diseased seeds, and weed seeds are removed to ensure that the seeds are large, plump, and uniform.

[0044] 1.4 Seed Treatment It is recommended to use coated high-quality seeds. If the seeds are not coated, a coating agent or seed dressing agent can be scientifically selected based on the local occurrence of wheat seedling diseases and pests.

[0045] 2. Strip deep tillage, straw collection and row return to the field, and sowing. 2.1 Sowing at Appropriate Soil Moisture Strictly follow the principle of "creating sufficient soil moisture and sowing at the appropriate time". If the relative soil moisture content of the 0 cm to 20 cm soil layer is higher than 70% before sowing, sowing can be carried out while the soil is moist. If the soil moisture is insufficient, the soil moisture should be created before sowing to ensure that the relative soil moisture content of the 0 cm to 20 cm soil layer reaches 70%-80%.

[0046] 2.2 Mechanized Precision Seeding A strip deep-tillage straw collection and return seeder equipped with a straw diversion device completes the entire process in one go: "straw diversion and collection → fertilization → strip deep tillage (≥25 cm) → pre-sowing compaction → precision seeding → post-sowing compaction." This creates a field layout that coordinates a "deep-tillage seeding strip" (17.7 cm) and a "no-till straw mulch strip" (24.5 cm) (see...). Figure 1 This creates an optimized environment for wheat growth, characterized by "firm seedbeds with suitable temperature and humidity, and water retention and temperature regulation through inter-row covering."

[0047] 2.3 Sowing period and sowing quantity Sow at the appropriate time. If selecting a multi-spike wheat variety, the recommended sowing rate is 150 kg / hm². 2 ~187.5 kg / hm 2 For sowing after October 18th, increase the sowing rate by 7.5 kg / hm² for every 2 days of delay. 2 However, in principle, the number of ears per hectare should not exceed the suitable number. If a large-ear wheat variety is selected, the seeding rate should be increased by 30 kg / hm² compared to multi-ear varieties. 2 ~45 kg / hm 2 .

[0048] 2.4 Seed and fertilizer sown simultaneously The recommended base fertilizer application is 600 kg / hm² of wheat-specific compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15-15-15. 2 Avoid mixing seeds and fertilizer. Apply fertilizer to the surface of the deep-tilled zone after straw diversion and before deep-tilling blades, and mix it with the soil in the 20 cm soil layer during deep tillage. The wheat sowing depth should be controlled between 3 cm and 5 cm, and the depth should be consistent.

[0049] 3. Field Management 3.1 Pre-winter management Based on the daily average temperature and soil moisture, timely winter management measures such as irrigation and weeding should be implemented.

[0050] 3.2 Spring Fertilizer and Water Management Depending on soil moisture, topdressing can be applied during the early jointing and booting stages in spring. Urea should be used for spring topdressing at a rate of 225 kg to 300 kg per hectare. Depending on soil moisture, topdressing can be applied during the early jointing and booting stages. If fertigation is available, it can be applied twice, once during the jointing and once during the booting stages. If fertigation is not available, it can be applied once before irrigation at the jointing stage.

[0051] During spring management, it is necessary to apply regulators and foliar fertilizers twice simultaneously, in conjunction with the "one spray, three preventions" approach.

[0052] 4. Harvest Wheat should be harvested by machine at the late waxy maturity stage to the early full maturity stage, when the grain loss rate is low, the yield is the highest, and the quality is the best.

[0053] 5. Supporting machinery Through years of trials and promotion, a stress-resistant, disaster-reducing, and stable-yield cultivation technology model has been optimized and integrated, incorporating straw separation, strip deep tillage, pre- and post-sowing double compaction, and double-row planting. Simultaneously, supporting seeding machinery (such as...) has been developed. Figure 2 With a sowing width of 2.53 meters, this seeder sows 12 rows of wheat per sowing width. It completes six operations in one go: straw separation, fertilization, strip deep tillage, pre-sowing compaction, precision sowing, and post-sowing compaction. Compared with traditional wheat rotary tillage followed by sowing, it significantly improves operational efficiency and sowing quality.

[0054] 6. Comparison data on the effects of technology application (1) Qianzhang Village, Renhe Street, Gaotang County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, was sown on October 25, 2021. The contiguous planting area was 105 mu. The experimental variety was Jimai 44. Under this technical model, the average number of wheat ears per mu was 503,100, the number of grains per ear was 34.52, the thousand-grain weight was 43.4g, and the average yield after 85% conversion was 640.54kg / mu, which was 9.15% higher than the traditional control.

[0055] Table 1. Comparison of wheat strip deep plowing and straw collection and return technology with traditional control (2021-2022)

[0056] (2) In Zhouzhuang Village, Jiaomiao Town, Qihe County, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, sowing was carried out on October 23, 2022. The experimental variety was Jimai 22. Five new cultivation methods were set up for the experiment: high and low ridge planting of wheat, precision uniform sowing with integrated harrowing and pressing, wide-row precision sowing, full-row sowing, and deep strip plowing and precision sowing of wheat. The traditional rotary tillage and sowing by farmers was used as the control. The detailed cultivation methods are shown in the table below: Table 2. Treatment instructions for different farming methods

[0057] Table 3 shows that different tillage methods significantly affected the number of ears per mu (667 m²), the number of grains per ear, and the thousand-grain weight at the wheat harvest. Under the same variety and sowing rate, the integrated harrowing and compaction precision sowing technique achieved the highest number of ears per mu at the harvest, with higher grains per ear and thousand-grain weight, resulting in a higher yield, 11.96% higher than the control. The full-width sowing technique, with a sowing rate 2.5 kg higher, had a slightly lower number of ears per mu than the integrated harrowing and compaction precision sowing technique, but higher grains per ear and thousand-grain weight. The yield was not significantly different from the integrated harrowing and compaction precision sowing technique, but increased by 9.11% compared to the control. The strip deep tillage and straw return technique had a higher number of ears per mu than the control, but significantly lower than the integrated harrowing and compaction precision sowing technique. However, it had the highest grains per ear and thousand-grain weight, ultimately achieving the highest yield, 12.47% higher than the control.

[0058] Table 3. Impact of different farming methods on wheat yield and yield structure (2022-2023)

[0059] Analysis of the impact of different farming methods on wheat production costs shows that the wheat strip deep plowing and straw collection and return technology reduces the tillage process and reduces costs by 10 yuan / mu compared to the control. Other farming methods increase deep plowing operations and increase production costs to varying degrees. The wheat harrowing and compaction integrated precision sowing technology increases costs the most, by 60 yuan / mu.

[0060] Table 4. Impact of different farming methods on wheat production costs (yuan / mu)

[0061] Table 5 shows the net economic benefits of wheat planting under different cultivation methods. Under the reduced-ridge-increase-land-increasing model, the wheat strip deep tillage and straw return technology, the wheat harrowing and compaction integrated precision sowing technology, the wheat high-low ridge planting technology, and the full-width sowing technology all showed increased efficiency compared to the control. Among them, the wheat strip deep tillage and straw return technology achieved the highest cost savings and efficiency improvement of 215.44 yuan / mu compared to the control. The wide-width sowing technology, using farmers' traditional wide-width seeders, did not significantly increase grain yield compared to the control, but its cost increased due to the added deep tillage work, resulting in a decrease in planting efficiency of 34.13 yuan / mu compared to the control.

[0062] Table 5. Impact of different farming methods on wheat planting benefits (yuan / mu)

[0063] Based on a comprehensive analysis of wheat yield, production costs, and planting benefits, the strip deep plowing and straw collection and return technology under the reduced ridge and increased land model yielded the highest output. Moreover, it reduced the number of tillage and preparation steps such as deep plowing and rotary tilling, thereby lowering production costs. The net planting benefit increased by 215.44 yuan / mu compared to the farmer control group, making it the optimal tillage technology in this demonstration experiment.

[0064] (3) In Zhouzhuang Village, Jiaomiao Town, Qihe County, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, the wheat was sown on October 20, 2023. The experimental variety was Jimai 22. The planting area of ​​the strip deep plowing straw collection and returning technology was 120 mu. Under this technology, the average number of ears per mu of wheat was 506,000, the number of grains per ear was 35.32, the thousand-grain weight was 43.6g, and the average yield after 85% conversion was 661.32kg / mu, which was 8.81% higher than the traditional control.

[0065] Table 6. Comparison of wheat strip deep plowing and straw collection and return technology with traditional control (2023-2024)

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method based on deep tillage of wheat strips and straw return to the field, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Straw mulching: After corn harvest, the straw is crushed and returned to the field; during sowing, a seeder with a straw diversion device is used to concentrate and divert the crushed straw to a pre-set no-till straw mulching strip, forming a clean stubble state without straw in the sowing strip. S2. Strip deep tillage and fertilization: Deep tillage of the seeding strip to a depth of not less than 25cm is carried out to break up the plow pan; at the same time, base fertilizer is applied to the surface of the deep tillage strip and mixed into the soil during the deep tillage operation. S3. Pre-sowing compaction and sowing: The sowing strip after deep plowing is compacted before sowing, and then precision sowing is carried out in the compacted sowing strip; the sowing adopts a wide and narrow row planting pattern, wherein the narrow row spacing is 14 to 16 cm and the wide row spacing is 25 cm to 29 cm, and the wide row corresponds to the no-till straw mulch strip. S4. Post-sowing compaction: Compact the sowing strip after sowing.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the width of the no-till straw covering strip is 22cm to 26cm, and the width of the sowing strip is 16cm to 18cm.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the crushed straw in step S1 shall not exceed 5 cm.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base fertilizer mentioned in step S2 is a wheat-specific compound fertilizer, and the application rate is 600 kg / hm².

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the narrow row spacing is 15cm and the wide row spacing is 27.2cm.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Steps S2, S3 and S4 are completed sequentially in one go by the same strip deep tillage straw collection and returning seeder.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the sowing depth of wheat is 3-5 cm; under appropriate sowing conditions, the sowing rate for multi-spike varieties is 150 kg / hm²-187.5 kg / hm².

8. The planting method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Before sowing, ensure that the relative moisture content of the soil in the 0-20cm soil layer is 70%-80%.

9. The planting method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method uses a seeder that includes a frame, a straw diversion device, a deep tillage device, a fertilization device, a pre-sowing compaction device, a sowing device, and a post-sowing compaction device, which can complete the straw diversion and collection, fertilization, strip deep tillage, pre-sowing compaction, precision sowing, and post-sowing compaction operations in one sequence.

10. The planting method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes field management steps: winter irrigation and weeding before winter; topdressing and irrigation during the spring jointing period, and "one spray and three preventions" measures.

Images