Electrically-driven shredding machine

Abstract

The invention provides an electrically-driven shredding machine, and relates to the technical field of shredding machines, the electrically-driven shredding machine comprises a rack, the rack is provided with a motor I and a shredding roller driven by the motor I to rotate, a plurality of convex teeth are fixed on the shredding roller, shredding teeth matched with the convex teeth for use are fixed in the rack, a material pushing plate is slidably connected in the rack, and the material pushing plate is connected with the motor I; the rack is provided with a second motor and an eccentric block driven by the second motor to rotate, a hinge seat is fixed to the material pushing plate, and a connecting rod is hinged between the hinge seat and the eccentric block. When the second motor continuously operates, the eccentric block and the connecting rod drive the material pushing plate to reciprocate, frequent positive and negative rotation and braking of the second motor are avoided, and the service life of the second motor is prolonged; through cooperative use of the controller, the torque sensor and the electromagnetic brake device, the second motor has an automatic retaining function, the damage probability is reduced, automatic recovery can be achieved, and manual maintenance is avoided; and through the inner rod, the sleeve and the spring, the connecting rod has elasticity, and instantaneous stress of each structure during impact is relieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shredders, in particular to an electrically driven shredder. BACKGROUND

[0002] Conventional solid waste pretreatment needs to be subjected to the first volume reduction work by a shredder, which is very effective for long strip-shaped waste such as cable sheath.

[0003] The patent application for invention with publication number CN114472461A discloses a tearing and breaking integrated machine, which comprises a machine box, a tearing device and a breaking device, and further comprises a material pushing device arranged between a feeding port and a tearing cavity. The material pushing device is used to push solid waste to the tearing device. The tearing device comprises a tearing fixed knife, a tearing moving knife roller and a tearing moving knife roller driving mechanism. The tearing fixed knife is arranged in the tearing cavity. The tearing moving knife roller is rotatably arranged in the tearing cavity and can cooperate with the tearing fixed knife to tear the solid waste. The material pushing plate driving mechanism is a hydraulic assembly. In other embodiments, the material pushing plate driving mechanism is a motor, a pneumatic cylinder or other driving components.

[0004] For the related technology in the above, when the material pushing plate is driven by hydraulic pressure, there are problems of oil dirtiness, high cost of hydraulic oil and hydraulic components. When the material pushing plate is driven by a motor, a screw block mechanism is generally adopted. The motor is frequently reversed, and repeated acceleration and braking will shorten the service life of the components. Both of the above-mentioned two ways have the problem of low frequency of reciprocating movement of the material pushing plate, and the work efficiency is also insufficient. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an electrically driven shredder. The motor continuously rotates, and the material pushing plate is driven to reciprocate by a crank rocker mechanism, which prolongs the service life of the motor and significantly improves the frequency of reciprocating movement of the material pushing plate and the work efficiency.

[0006] The electrically driven shredder provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: An electrically driven shredder comprises a rack, a feeding port and a discharging port arranged on the rack, a motor one, a tearing roller driven to rotate by the motor one, a plurality of protruding teeth fixed on the tearing roller, a tearing tooth fixed in the rack and matched with the protruding teeth, a material pushing plate slidably connected in the rack, a motor two, an eccentric block driven to rotate by the motor two, a hinged seat fixed on the material pushing plate, and a connecting rod hinged between the hinged seat and the eccentric block.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the eccentric block is driven to rotate when the motor two continuously works. Since the hinged position of the connecting rod and the eccentric block deviates from the rotation axis of the eccentric block, the material pushing plate can only slide linearly, thus forming a crank rocker mechanism. Through the force transmission of the connecting rod, the material pushing plate is driven to reciprocate in a linear direction.

[0008] Optionally, the second motor is equipped with a controller, a torque sensor, and an electromagnetic brake device. The torque sensor and the electromagnetic brake device are electrically connected to the controller. The second motor can rotate in both directions, and the rotation of the second motor is controlled by the controller.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the anti-reverse function of motor 2 is realized: when the pusher plate pushes the material to move, if the resistance is too great and it cannot be pushed, the force is transmitted to the torque sensor. The signal generated by the torque sensor reaches the set threshold of the controller, and the controller triggers the electromagnetic brake device to stop motor 2. Then the brake is released and motor 2 is controlled to reverse, thereby avoiding excessive resistance that could cause the motor to burn out due to overload or the connecting rod and eccentric block to break and be damaged.

[0010] Optionally, the connecting rod includes a slidingly connected inner rod and a sleeve, an end plate is fixed to the end of the sleeve, a stop plate is fixed to the outer wall of the inner rod, and a spring is fixed between the end plate and the stop plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rod becomes an elastic telescopic rod through the combination of inner rod, sleeve and spring. When pushing the pusher plate, the connecting rod can adaptively shorten to reduce impact.

[0012] Optionally, the outer wall of the pusher plate is rotatably connected with several rollers, and the inner wall of the frame is fixed with a slide rail, and the rollers are in rolling contact with the inner bottom wall of the slide rail.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding of the push plate is achieved through rollers, thereby reducing sliding resistance and wear.

[0014] Optionally, the pusher plate has multiple toothed plates fixed on the side facing the shredding roller.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the toothed plate and the convex teeth on the shredding roller cooperate to improve the shredding effect on materials.

[0016] Optionally, the shredding roller is rotatably connected to the frame, the output end of the motor is connected to the shredding roller via a reducer, the reducer is fixed with a support plate, the frame is fixed with a support seat, and the support plate and the support seat are connected by a buffer assembly.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the motor drives the shredding roller to rotate, the reaction force is buffered by the buffer component to prevent the motor from burning out.

[0018] Optionally, the housing of the first motor is fixed to the housing of the reducer, and the first motor and the reducer do not contact the frame.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, part of the weight of the motor and the reducer is transferred to the frame through the shaft of the shredding roller, and the remaining part is transferred to the support base through the support plate and the buffer assembly, so that the buffer assembly bears all the torque of the motor and the reducer.

[0020] Optionally, the buffer assembly includes multiple rubber pads, a threaded rotating seat, and a fixing bolt. The rotating seat is rotatably connected to the support plate, and the fixing bolt passes through the support seat and all the rubber pads. Rubber pads are provided on both the left and right sides of the support seat.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, assembly is convenient, and the rubber pads on both sides of the support base can play a buffering role.

[0022] Optionally, the plurality of the protrusions are distributed along the axial direction of the shredding roller, and the protrusions are located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the shredding roller.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the shredding roller rotates, only one tooth engages with the shredding tooth to shred the material at a time, reducing the resistance during shredding. This has a good anti-clogging and anti-jamming effect on long and strip-shaped materials such as waste cables, making the mechanism less prone to jamming and improving operational reliability.

[0024] Optionally, the pusher plate is inclined, with the side of the pusher plate facing the shredding roller inclined upwards.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the pusher plate can more easily push the material to the shredding roller, improving the shredding effect of the material in the shredding working area. When the material is piled up on the inclined surface of the pusher plate, it is also easy to move towards the shredding roller through the guiding effect of the inclined surface, improving the shredding efficiency, avoiding dead corners of material accumulation, and improving the shredding rate.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When motor 2 is running continuously, the pusher plate is driven to move back and forth through the eccentric block and connecting rod, which avoids frequent forward and reverse rotation and braking of motor 2 and extends the service life of motor 2; 2. Through the combined use of the controller, torque sensor, and electromagnetic brake device, the second motor has an automatic anti-reverse function, reducing the chance of damage and enabling automatic recovery without manual maintenance; 3. The connecting rod is made elastic by the inner rod, sleeve and spring, which reduces the instantaneous force on each structure during impact and extends the available time for the second motor to complete the anti-reverse action, making the operation more reliable and avoiding overload burnout of the second motor or breakage of the connecting rod and eccentric block. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an electrically driven shredder according to an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of an embodiment; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the connecting rod in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is an internal structure diagram of an embodiment; Figure 5 This is a partial view of the left side of the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a front view of the buffer component in the embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of two connecting rods arranged side by side in an embodiment.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 2. Motor 1; 3. Shredding roller; 4. Pusher plate; 5. Motor 2; 51. Eccentric block; 41. Hinge seat; 6. Connecting rod; 61. Inner rod; 62. Sleeve; 63. End plate; 64. Abutment plate; 65. Spring; 31. Convex tooth; 13. Shredding tooth; 42. Roller; 14. Slide rail; 43. Tooth plate; 21. Reducer; 22. Support plate; 15. Support base; 7. Buffer assembly; 71. Rubber pad; 72. Rotary seat; 73. Fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses an electrically driven shredder, including a frame 1. The frame 1 has a feed inlet 11 and a discharge outlet 12. The material used in this embodiment is waste cable. The frame 1 is equipped with a first motor 2 and a shredding roller 3 driven by the first motor 2. A pusher plate 4 is slidably connected inside the frame 1. The frame 1 is also equipped with a second motor 5 and an eccentric block 51 driven by the second motor 5. The pusher plate 4 is fixed with a hinge seat 41, and a connecting rod 6 is hinged between the hinge seat 41 and the eccentric block 51.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two ends of the connecting rod 6 are respectively hinged to the hinge seat 41 and the eccentric block 51. When the motor 5 is working continuously, it drives the eccentric block 51 to rotate. Since the hinge position between the connecting rod 6 and the eccentric block 51 is deviated from the rotation axis of the eccentric block 51, the pusher plate 4 can only slide in a straight line, thus forming a crank rocker mechanism. Through the force transmission of the connecting rod 6, the pusher plate 4 is driven to move back and forth in a straight line.

[0032] Motor 2 (5) is equipped with a controller, a torque sensor, and an electromagnetic brake. The torque sensor is located between the housing and the shaft of motor 2 (5), and can measure the torque on the shaft of motor 2 (5) in real time. The electromagnetic brake is a built-in braking function of motor 2 (5), which uses an electromagnet to drive the brake block to move, and the brake block presses against the brake disc to achieve braking. Both the torque sensor and the electromagnetic brake are existing technologies. The torque sensor and the electromagnetic brake are electrically connected to the controller. Motor 2 (5) can rotate in both directions, and the rotation of motor 2 (5) is controlled by the controller.

[0033] Motor 25 has a backstop function: when the pusher plate 4 moves the material, if the resistance is too great and it cannot be pushed, the force is transmitted to the torque sensor. The signal generated by the torque sensor reaches the set threshold of the controller, and the controller triggers the electromagnetic brake device to stop motor 25. Then the brake is released, and motor 25 is controlled to reverse, thereby avoiding overload and burnout of motor 25 or breakage of connecting rod 6 and eccentric block 51 due to excessive resistance. Then, motor 25 is controlled to rotate forward again, and the material is squeezed again by the inertia of the pusher plate 4. Since the shredding roller 3 is still rotating and shredding the material, it can automatically resume operation, so that the shredding work can continue until the end without manual intervention. In other embodiments, the machine can be stopped after the backstop function is triggered, and personnel can be called in to handle the situation.

[0034] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 6 includes a slidingly fitted inner rod 61 and a sleeve 62. An end plate 63 is fixed to the end of the sleeve 62, and a stop plate 64 is fixed to the outer wall of the inner rod 61. A spring 65 is fixed between the end plate 63 and the stop plate 64. A limit block is fixed to the end of the inner rod 61 located inside the sleeve 62 to prevent the inner rod 61 from sliding off the sleeve 62. The spring 65 is a high-strength spring, requiring a large force when compressed. Through the combination of the inner rod 61, the sleeve 62, and the spring 65, the connecting rod 6 becomes an elastic telescopic rod. When pushing the pusher plate 4, the connecting rod 6 can adaptively shorten to reduce impact.

[0035] In another embodiment, the connecting rod 6 is a rigid rod, which can also realize the action of the crank rocker mechanism. When the eccentric block 51 rotates, it drives the pusher plate 4 to move back and forth.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 The shredding roller 3 has multiple protruding teeth 31 fixed on it, and the frame 1 has shredding teeth 13 fixed inside it to cooperate with the protruding teeth 31. The multiple protruding teeth 31 are distributed along the axial direction of the shredding roller 3, and the protruding teeth 31 are located at different positions around the circumference of the shredding roller 3. With this arrangement, when the shredding roller 3 rotates, only one protruding tooth 31 cooperates with the shredding tooth 13 to shred the material at a time, reducing the resistance during shredding, making the mechanism less prone to jamming, improving the reliability of operation, and having a good anti-clogging and anti-jamming effect on long strip materials such as waste cables. The rotation speed of the shredding roller 3 can be appropriately increased to ensure shredding efficiency.

[0037] The pusher plate 4 is inclined, with the side of the pusher plate 4 facing the shredding roller 3 tilted upwards. This arrangement makes it easier for the bottom of the pusher plate 4 to push the material to the shredding roller 3, improving the shredding effect of the material in the shredding working area. When material accumulates on the inclined surface of the pusher plate 4, it is also easy to move towards the shredding roller 3 through the guiding effect of the inclined surface, improving shredding efficiency, avoiding dead corners where material accumulates, and increasing the shredding rate.

[0038] Several rollers 42 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the pusher plate 4, and a slide rail 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the frame 1. The rollers 42 roll in contact with the inner bottom wall of the slide rail 14, and the pusher plate 4 slides through the rollers 42, reducing sliding resistance and wear. Several toothed plates 43 are fixed on the side of the pusher plate 4 facing the shredding roller 3. The toothed plates 43 cooperate with the protruding teeth 31 on the shredding roller 3 to improve the shredding effect on the material.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The shredding roller 3 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The output end of the motor 2 is connected to the shredding roller 3 through a reducer 21. The reducer 21 is fixed with a support plate 22. The frame 1 is fixed with a support seat 15. The support plate 22 and the support seat 15 are connected through a buffer assembly 7. The buffer assembly 7 is located directly below the reducer 21.

[0040] The buffer assembly 7 includes multiple rubber pads 71, a threaded rotating base 72, and fixing bolts 73. The rotating base 72 is rotatably connected to the support plate 22. The fixing bolts 73 pass through the support base 15 and all the rubber pads 71. Rubber pads 71 ​​are provided on both the left and right sides of the support base 15. The housing of motor 2 is fixed to the housing of reducer 21. Motor 2 and reducer 21 do not contact the frame 1. The weight of motor 2 and reducer 21 is transmitted to the frame 1 through the shaft and bearings of the shredding roller 3. The force acting on the support base 15 through the support plate 22 and the buffer assembly 7 is the supporting force to prevent motor 2 from sagging. Motor 2 is installed eccentrically to the axis of the shredding roller 3, and is offset to one radial side of the shredding roller 3. The fixing bolts 73 are subjected to force in the axial direction, and the force is supported and buffered by the rubber pads 71.

[0041] When motor 2 drives the shredding roller 3 to rotate, the reaction force acts on the rubber pad 71 through the support plate 22, the rotating seat 72, and the fixing bolt 73. Due to the relatively large offset weight of motor 2, the rubber pad 71 bears torque. In this state, the rubber pad 71 on the right side of the support seat 15 is compressed. When the shredding roller 3 is obstructed from rotating, the corresponding position of the rubber pad 71 is flattened (i.e., the rubber pad 71 on the left side of the support seat 15 is flattened). The reaction force drives motor 2 to rotate slightly upward around the rotation axis of the shredding roller 3, thereby playing a buffering and protective role and preventing motor 2 from burning out. Personnel can easily judge the obstruction of the shredding roller 3 by observing the degree of upward tilt of motor 2.

[0042] Reference Figure 7 In another embodiment, two connecting rods 6 can be arranged side by side to improve the load-bearing capacity and make the movement of the pusher plate 4 more stable and powerful.

[0043] The implementation principle of an electrically driven shredder according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The material used in this embodiment is waste cable. This shredder uses two motors as the drive source, avoiding the use of hydraulic devices, avoiding oil pollution, and reducing costs. Material is fed into the feed inlet 11, and both motors 2 and 5 run continuously. The shredding roller 3 rotates, and the material is shredded by the cooperation of the convex teeth 31 and the shredding teeth 13. The pusher plate 4 moves back and forth, pushing the material back and forth to the shredding roller 3 for shredding. The smaller pieces of shredded material fall out of the discharge outlet 12.

[0044] When motor 25 is running continuously, it drives the pusher plate 4 to reciprocate via eccentric block 51 and connecting rod 6, avoiding frequent forward and reverse rotation and braking of motor 25, thus extending its service life. The reciprocating frequency of pusher plate 4 is proportional to the rotational speed of motor 25. Compared with the drive method of screw and slider mechanism, this significantly increases the reciprocating frequency of pusher plate 4, improving work efficiency. In addition, through the combined use of controller, torque sensor, and electromagnetic brake device, motor 25 has an automatic anti-reverse function, reducing the probability of damage and enabling automatic recovery, eliminating the need for manual maintenance.

[0045] The inner rod 61, sleeve 62 and spring 65 make the connecting rod 6 elastic, which reduces the instantaneous force on each structure during impact, and extends the available time for the second motor 5 to complete the anti-reverse action, making the operation more reliable and avoiding overload burnout of the second motor 5 or breakage of the connecting rod 6 and eccentric block 51.

[0046] The motor 2 and reducer 21 have a unique support structure. The reaction force of the shredding roller 3 is applied to the rubber pad 71, which buffers the force and prevents the motor 2 from burning out. Personnel can easily judge the obstruction of the shredding roller 3 by observing the upward tilt of the motor 2.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An electrically driven shredder, comprising a frame (1), the frame (1) having a feed inlet (11) and a discharge outlet (12), the frame (1) having a motor (2) and a shredding roller (3) driven to rotate by the motor (2), the shredding roller (3) having a plurality of protruding teeth (31) fixed on it, the frame (1) having shredding teeth (13) fixed inside it for use with the protruding teeth (31), and a pusher plate (4) slidably connected inside the frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a second motor (5) and an eccentric block (51) driven to rotate by the second motor (5). The pusher plate (4) is fixed with a hinge seat (41), and a connecting rod (6) is hinged between the hinge seat (41) and the eccentric block (51).

2. The electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second motor (5) is equipped with a controller, a torque sensor, and an electromagnetic brake device. The torque sensor and the electromagnetic brake device are electrically connected to the controller. The second motor (5) can rotate in both directions. The rotation of the second motor (5) is controlled by the controller.

3. The electrically driven shredder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (6) includes a slidingly sleeved inner rod (61) and a sleeve (62). An end plate (63) is fixed to the end of the sleeve (62). An abutment plate (64) is fixed to the outer wall of the inner rod (61). A spring (65) is fixed between the end plate (63) and the abutment plate (64).

4. The electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pusher plate (4) is rotatably connected with several rollers (42), and the inner wall of the frame (1) is fixed with a slide rail (14). The rollers (42) are in rolling contact with the inner bottom wall of the slide rail (14).

5. An electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher plate (4) has multiple toothed plates (43) fixed on the side facing the shredding roller (3).

6. The electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredding roller (3) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The output end of the motor (2) is connected to the shredding roller (3) through a reducer (21). The reducer (21) is fixed with a support plate (22). The frame (1) is fixed with a support seat (15). The support plate (22) and the support seat (15) are connected through a buffer assembly (7).

7. An electrically driven shredder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (7) includes multiple rubber pads (71), a threaded rotating seat (72), and a fixing bolt (73). The rotating seat (72) is rotatably connected to the support plate (22). The fixing bolt (73) passes through the support seat (15) and all the rubber pads (71). Rubber pads (71) are provided on both the left and right sides of the support seat (15).

8. An electrically driven shredder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing of the motor (2) is fixed to the housing of the reducer (21), and the motor (2) and the reducer (21) do not contact the frame (1).

9. An electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of the protruding teeth (31) are distributed along the axial direction of the shredding roller (3), and the protruding teeth (31) are located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the shredding roller (3).

10. An electrically driven shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher plate (4) is inclined, and the side of the pusher plate (4) facing the shredding roller (3) is inclined upward.

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