Pressing head device for laser welding of copper bar and using method of pressing head device

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure head device for laser welding of a copper bar and a using method of the pressure head device, the pressure head device for laser welding of the copper bar comprises a pressure head body, in a first direction, one end face of the pressure head body forms a connecting face, and the other end face forms a working face; the cooling assembly is arranged on the pressure head body and comprises a cooling flow channel, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet; the cooling liquid inlet is communicated with the cooling flow channel; the cooling liquid outlet is communicated with the cooling flow channel; the laser channel is arranged on the pressure head body and penetrates through the pressure head body in the first direction, by arranging the cooling assembly, heat conducted to the pressure head by a copper bar in the welding process can be effectively taken away, thermal deformation, adhesion and burning loss failure of the pressure head are avoided, meanwhile, high-temperature oxidation of copper is reduced, and the welding quality is improved. The welding positioning precision, the welding seam quality and the conductivity of the copper bar are guaranteed, and the high-temperature working condition of copper bar laser welding is adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser welding tooling technology, specifically relating to a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars and a method for using the same. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding technology, with its significant advantages such as high energy density, controllable heat input, high welding efficiency, and good weld formation, has been widely used in high-end manufacturing industries such as new energy vehicles and power electrical equipment. Among these applications, laser welding of copper busbars is particularly prevalent. As a core component for power transmission and energy conversion, the welding quality of copper busbars directly affects the conductivity, safety, stability, and service life of the equipment. Therefore, extremely high requirements are placed on the precision and reliability of copper busbar laser welding. In the copper busbar laser welding process, the welding pressure head is a key tooling component. Its main function is to constrain the copper busbar workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift during the welding process and guaranteeing the weld alignment accuracy.

[0003] However, copper itself has unique physical properties, exhibiting extremely high reflectivity to commonly used near-infrared lasers and a very high thermal conductivity. This necessitates applying high laser power during copper busbar laser welding to overcome copper's high reflectivity and achieve effective welding, thereby generating a large amount of welding heat. This heat not only concentrates in the weld area but is also rapidly conducted through the copper busbar to the welding head in contact with it, and further transferred to surrounding tooling and fixtures, resulting in the welding head operating in a high-temperature environment for extended periods.

[0004] High-temperature environments can cause a series of serious problems for welding heads and the welding process: First, the head is prone to thermal deformation after being heated, affecting the alignment accuracy of the weld and reducing the welding quality; second, the head is prone to sticking to the copper busbar workpiece under high temperature conditions, which not only damages the workpiece surface but also affects the reusability of the head; third, in extreme cases, high temperatures can cause the head to overheat and burn out, leading to premature failure and increasing tooling maintenance costs and production downtime; at the same time, copper is prone to oxidation at high temperatures, forming an oxide layer, which not only affects the weld formation quality but also reduces the weld's conductivity, failing to meet the requirements for copper busbar use.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars and a method for using it that can remove the heat generated by laser welding. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address some or all of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars and a method for using the same. This pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars, by incorporating a cooling component on the pressure head body, can effectively remove the heat conducted from the copper busbar to the pressure head during the welding process, preventing thermal deformation, adhesion, and burn-off failure of the pressure head. Simultaneously, it reduces high-temperature oxidation of the copper, ensuring the welding positioning accuracy, weld quality, and conductivity of the copper busbar, and is suitable for the high-temperature conditions of laser welding of copper busbars.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars is provided, comprising: In the first direction, one end face of the pressure head body forms a connecting surface and the other end face forms a working surface. A cooling assembly is disposed on the pressure head body, the cooling assembly comprising a cooling channel, a coolant inlet communicating with the cooling channel, and a coolant outlet communicating with the cooling channel. A laser channel is disposed on the pressure head body, and the laser channel penetrates the pressure head body in a first direction.

[0008] In one embodiment, the cooling channel extends parallel to the working surface and extends in a meandering manner.

[0009] In one embodiment, the cooling channels are two parallel channels, each with a matching coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, and the coolant flows in opposite directions within the two channels.

[0010] In one embodiment, a limiting block is provided protrudingly on the working surface. The limiting block is in two sets and is spaced apart in a second direction to form a clamping groove. A channel communicating with the cooling flow channel is provided on the limiting block.

[0011] In one embodiment, the channel is configured as a recess on the cooling channel, and the upstream end face of the recess is configured as an inclined surface that slopes upstream in the direction from the bottom of the cooling channel to the bottom surface of the recess, and the inclined surface transitions to the bottom surface of the recess in an arc.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling channel is configured as volumetric flow rate divided by a preset flow velocity, wherein the volumetric flow rate is equal to the mass flow rate divided by the density of the coolant, and the mass flow rate is calculated by dividing the heat dissipation by the product of the specific heat capacity of the coolant at constant pressure and the preset temperature rise of the coolant.

[0013] In one embodiment, the pressure head body includes: The first pressure head segment has a first flow channel groove provided on it. A second pressure head segment is disposed at one end of the first pressure head segment in a first direction, and a second flow channel groove is provided on the second pressure head segment. The first pressure head component and the second pressure head component are connected by brazing, and the first flow channel groove and the second flow channel groove form the cooling flow channel.

[0014] In one embodiment, a guide rod, a pressure plate, an adjusting nut, and an elastic element are also included. One end of the guide rod is connected to the connecting surface, and the other end of the guide rod passes through the pressure plate and connects to the adjusting nut. The pressure plate is parallel to the connecting surface, and the elastic element is disposed between the pressure plate and the connecting surface.

[0015] In one embodiment, a protective gas channel is provided on the pressure head body, the inlet of the protective gas channel being connected to a protective gas source and the outlet being close to the outlet of the laser channel.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method is provided using the above-described pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars, comprising: Step 1: Place the copper busbar to be welded into position so that the pressure of the working surface is applied to the copper busbar to be welded. Step two: Coolant is supplied to the cooling assembly for pre-cooling, and protective gas is introduced into the protective gas channel. Step 3: Perform laser welding operation through the laser channel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: In operation, the pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars uses the pressure of the working surface to press against and position the copper busbar. The laser acts on the weld seam of the copper busbar through the through-through laser channel to complete the welding. The coolant of the cooling component enters the cooling channel from the coolant inlet, carries away the heat conducted from the copper busbar to the pressure head body, and then exits from the coolant outlet. By setting the cooling component, the thermal deformation, adhesion and burn-off failure of the pressure head can be effectively avoided, the high-temperature oxidation of copper can be reduced, the welding positioning accuracy, weld quality and conductivity can be guaranteed, it is suitable for the high-temperature working conditions of laser welding of copper busbars, and the service life of the pressure head can be extended. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A structural diagram showing an application of a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Figure 2 An exploded view of the application structure of a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3A front view of a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 For from Figure 3 AA section view; Figure 5 For from Figure 4 BB cross-sectional view; Figure 6 For from Figure 3 CC section view.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0021] In the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars includes a pressure head body 1, a cooling assembly 2, and a laser channel 3. The pressure head body 1 is generally a block structure. In the first direction (with... Figure 1The pressure head body 1 has a connecting surface 11 machined on one end face for connection with the laser head of the laser welding instrument, enabling the installation and position adjustment of the pressure head body 1. The other end face of the pressure head body 1 has a working surface 12 machined on it. The working surface 12 ensures a tight fit with the workpiece copper busbar 100, stably confining the copper busbar 100 and preventing workpiece displacement during welding. The cooling assembly 2 is integrated on the pressure head body 1, specifically including a cooling channel 21, a coolant inlet 22, and a coolant outlet 23. The cooling channel 21 is located inside the pressure head body 1, close to the working surface 12, maximizing heat exchange efficiency. The coolant inlet 22 and coolant outlet 23 are both located on the side wall of the pressure head body 1 and are connected to the cooling channel 21, forming a complete coolant circulation loop. Coolant can enter the cooling channel 21 through the coolant inlet 22, and after heat exchange, it is discharged from the coolant outlet 23. The laser channel 3 runs through the entire pressure head body 1 along a first direction, with its axis perpendicular to the working surface 12. The inner wall of laser channel 3 is smoothed to avoid laser reflection loss and ensure that the laser can accurately pass through the channel and act on the copper busbar weld.

[0024] In this application, by setting up the cooling component 2, the coolant continuously circulates within the cooling channel 21, which can efficiently remove the heat conducted from the copper busbar 100 to the pressure head body 1 during the welding process. This effectively solves the problem of thermal deformation caused by high temperature in existing pressure heads, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the pressure head on the copper busbar, and thus improving the weld alignment accuracy of the copper busbar welding. In addition, the continuous cooling effect generated by the cooling component 2 can prevent the pressure head body 1 from being in a high-temperature state for a long time, preventing the pressure head body 1 from sticking to the copper busbar 100, and preventing the pressure head body 1 from overheating and burning, thus extending the service life of the pressure head device used for laser welding copper busbars and reducing tooling maintenance costs and production downtime. Furthermore, the effective cooling of the pressure head body 1 can indirectly reduce the temperature rise of the copper busbar 100 during the welding process, inhibit the high-temperature oxidation reaction of copper, reduce the formation of the weld oxide layer, ensure the forming quality and conductivity of the weld, and meet the high-quality requirements of the new energy vehicle and power electrical industries for copper busbar welding. In addition, the laser channel 3 ensures that the laser can be applied precisely to the weld, avoiding damage to the pressure head body 1 and welding equipment caused by laser reflection, thus further improving the stability and reliability of the welding operation.

[0025] In one embodiment, the cooling channel 21 is formed inside the pressure head body 1. The extension direction of the cooling channel 21 is parallel to the working surface 12 of the pressure head body 1, and it extends in a meandering manner. During operation, the coolant enters the cooling channel 21 from the coolant inlet 22 and circulates along the meandering path. Because the cooling channel 21 is parallel to and close to the working surface 12, it can fully absorb the heat conducted from the copper busbar 100 to the pressure head body 1. The meandering structure extends the heat exchange path of the coolant and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0026] Preferably, the cooling channels 21 of the cooling assembly 2 are two parallel channels, both located inside the pressure head body 1, near the working surface 12, and parallel to the working surface 12. Each cooling channel 21 is equipped with a corresponding coolant inlet 22 and coolant outlet 23, and the coolant flows in opposite directions within the two cooling channels 21. During operation, the coolant enters the corresponding cooling channel 21 from its respective coolant inlet 22, circulates in the opposite direction along a parallel path, fully absorbing the heat conducted from the copper busbar 100 to the pressure head body 1, and is discharged from its respective coolant outlet 23 after heat exchange. This arrangement enables uniform cooling of the working surface 12 of the pressure head body 1, avoids local overheating, improves heat exchange efficiency, prevents thermal deformation of the pressure head body 1 and adhesion to the copper busbar 100, reduces high-temperature oxidation of copper, ensures welding accuracy and weld quality, and is suitable for high-temperature conditions in copper busbar laser welding. Although this embodiment is not shown in the figures, it is foreseeable to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is easy to understand that the cooling channel 21 can be configured in other ways. The above configuration methods do not constitute a limitation of this application. For example, the cooling channel may include a main inlet branch connected to the coolant inlet 22, a main outlet branch connected to the coolant outlet 23, and multiple branches configured in parallel between the main inlet branch and the main outlet branch.

[0027] The distance between the cooling channel 21 and the working surface 12 is no more than 2 mm, for example, 1 mm. This arrangement minimizes the heat conduction path, quickly absorbs the heat conducted from the copper busbar 100 to the working surface 12 of the pressure head body 1, significantly improves heat exchange efficiency, and ensures rapid and uniform cooling of the pressure head body 1. In one embodiment, a limiting block 4 is protruding from the working surface 12. The limiting block 4 consists of two sets and is positioned in a second direction (with...). Figure 3 The copper busbars 100 are spaced out in a symmetrical pattern (aligned left and right) to form a clamping groove between them. A channel 41 is provided on the limiting block 4 to communicate with the cooling channel 21. During use, the copper busbar 100 is located within the clamping groove, and the limiting block 4 serves to constrain the copper busbar 100, stabilizing and preventing welding displacement. The coolant in the cooling channel 21 flows into the limiting block 4 through the channel 41, achieving synchronous cooling of the limiting block 4, thereby cooling the copper busbar 100. This design improves positioning accuracy and heat exchange comprehensiveness, ensuring weld quality.

[0028] The channel 41 on the limiting block 4, which communicates with the cooling channel 21, is specifically constructed as a recess formed integrally with the cooling channel 21. The position of the recess precisely corresponds to the position of the limiting block 4, ensuring that the coolant in the cooling channel 21 can flow smoothly into the recess, thereby cooling the limiting block 4. The upstream end face of the recess ( Figure 6The end face located on the right side of the recess is constructed as a flow guide slope, that is, on the flow guide slope, the bottom surface of the recess is inclined upstream relative to the bottom surface of the cooling channel 21, and the inclined surface and the bottom surface of the recess form an arc transition. Preferably, the angle formed by the flow guide slope and the bottom surface of the cooling channel 21 is 45-60 degrees.

[0029] During operation, the coolant in the cooling channel 21 circulates (for example...) Figure 6 The coolant flows smoothly into the recess (as indicated by the arrow) under the guidance of the flow-guiding slope and makes full contact with the limiting block 4. It efficiently absorbs the heat generated by the copper busbar 100 conducting through the limiting block 4. After absorbing the heat, the coolant flows back to the cooling channel 21 to complete the circulation heat exchange. The flow-guiding slope can smoothly convert the axial flow kinetic energy of the coolant along the cooling channel 21 into the flow kinetic energy into the recess, guiding the coolant to cut into the recess along the slope. This avoids flow impact caused by the height difference between the recess and the cooling channel 21, preventing the formation of dead zones. The flow-guiding slope optimizes the flow path of the coolant from the perspective of liquid flow, effectively solving the problems of water accumulation and poor flow in the recess, and greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] The cooling channel 21 has a circular cross-section. The circular cross-section can reduce the frictional resistance during the flow of coolant, avoid the generation of local eddies, and lay the foundation for smooth circulation of coolant.

[0031] The cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling channel 21 is precisely calculated and designed. The specific calculation logic is as follows: the cross-sectional area equals the volumetric flow rate of the coolant divided by the preset flow velocity, as shown in Formula 1 below. The preset flow velocity is selected based on engineering experience, for example, 2.0 m / s. The volumetric flow rate is obtained by dividing the mass flow rate by the density of the coolant; in this application, water is used as an example of the coolant, as shown in Formula 2 below. The mass flow rate is determined by calculating the heat dissipation and dividing it by (the product of the coolant's specific heat capacity at constant pressure and the preset temperature rise of the coolant), as shown in Formula 3 below. The calculated heat dissipation is related to the power of the laser welding instrument and the efficiency of the input pressure head body 1. The relevant preset temperature rise is determined based on engineering practice, for example, 4-8 degrees Celsius. This setting ensures a precise match between the cross-sectional area and the heat dissipation requirements. The heat generated during the welding of the copper busbar 100 is conducted to the pressure head body 1 and the limiting block 4. The coolant in the cooling channel 21 circulates at a preset flow rate. Through the precisely designed circular cross-section, the coolant can fill the entire channel at a reasonable flow rate, which avoids the increase in flow resistance and energy consumption caused by excessive flow rate, and also prevents insufficient heat exchange caused by excessive flow rate.

[0032] (1) Where A is the cross-sectional area of ​​cooling channel 21, m 2 Q V For volumetric flow rate, m 3 / s; V is the preset flow rate, m / s.

[0033] (2) Where Qv is the volumetric flow rate, m 3 / s; ρ is the mass flow rate, kg / s; ρ is the density of the coolant (water), 1000 kg m 3 .

[0034] (3) in, Mass flow rate, kg / s; For calculating heat dissipation, W; Cp is the specific heat capacity of water at constant pressure, 4200 J / (kg). °C) ); T represents the temperature rise of the coolant, in °C.

[0035] For example, for a laser welding instrument with an efficiency of 2000 to 3000W, the efficiency of the input pressure head body 1 is 8%-10%. If we take 9%, the calculated heat dissipation can be 180W-270W, and we choose 270W. If the preset temperature rise is 5 degrees Celsius, the mass flow rate can be obtained as 0.0129 kg / s through formula (3). Substituting the above result into formula (2), we can obtain a volumetric flow rate of 0.774 L. min. Then, the preset flow rate is set to 2.0 m / s, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling channel 21 is further obtained as 6.54 × 10 using formula (1). -6 m 2 Finally, based on the area formula, the diameter of cooling channel 21 is calculated to be 2.88 mm, which can be taken as 3 mm. The above precise calculation of the cross-sectional area of ​​cooling channel 21 matches the heat dissipation requirements, takes into account heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption, optimizes the channel diameter, and ensures the cooling effect.

[0036] Let's look again. Figure 2 The pressure head body 1 is a split type. The pressure head body 1 includes a first pressure head split 13 and a second pressure head split 15, with the second pressure head split 15 disposed at one end of the first pressure head split 13 in a first direction. Figure 2The upper part of the first pressure head 13 and the second pressure head 15 are both made of national standard C17200 beryllium copper material and formed by die casting. This material is selected because it has excellent thermal conductivity and high strength, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient heat dissipation and impact resistance. A first flow channel groove 14 is machined on the first pressure head 13. A corresponding second flow channel groove (not shown in the figure) is formed on the second pressure head 15. After the two grooves are joined together, they form a cooling flow channel 21, and the cross-section of the cooling flow channel 21 is still circular. The mating surfaces of the first pressure head 13 and the second pressure head 15 are precision polished to ensure a smooth surface. During the connection process, silver-based brazing foil (BAg-8) is evenly laid between the two mating surfaces and fixed with a special clamp. It is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace and heated to a vacuum degree higher than 5×10 -3 The pressure head is held at 820°C for 15 minutes under the conditions of Pa and brazing temperature. This process allows the first pressure head split 13 and the second pressure head split 15 to be connected by brazing filler metal diffusion to form an integral pressure head body 1, and the internal groove is sealed to form a complete serpentine cooling channel 21.

[0037] The aforementioned brazing connection ensures that the cooling channel 21 is sealed and leak-free. The coolant circulates within the cooling channel 21 at a preset flow rate, absorbing heat from the pressure head body 1 and the limiting block 4 and dissipating it. The split-type pressure head body 1 structure facilitates the machining of the channel grooves, solving the problem of the difficulty in machining the integral pressure head channel. The brazing connection ensures sealing and structural strength, while not affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling channel 21, balancing machining convenience and heat dissipation effect, and is suitable for copper busbar laser welding applications.

[0038] The coolant inlet 22 and coolant outlet 23 are constructed on the second pressure head body 15 and can be located on the same side of the pressure head body 1. Both are connected to the cooling channel 21. Connecting joints can be pre-installed at the coolant inlet 22 and coolant outlet 23 for easy connection to external cooling sources and coolant recovery components. The external coolant source can be a chiller with a water temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.

[0039] The working surface 12 and the surface of the limiting block 4 used for the copper busbar 100 are electroplated with hard chrome, and the plating thickness can be 10-15μm. This treatment can effectively prevent the copper busbar from sticking to the pressure head body 1 under high temperature and high pressure, and enhance the wear resistance of the surface.

[0040] Multiple guide rods 51 are provided on the connecting surface 11 of the pressure head body 1. The guide rods 51 are arranged perpendicular to the connecting surface 11. A pressure plate 52 parallel to the connecting surface 11 is sleeved on the guide rod 51. The two ends of the guide rod 51 are threaded, one end is threaded to the connecting surface 11, and the other end passes through the pressure plate 52 and is threaded to an adjusting nut (not shown in the figure) to limit the position of the pressure plate 52. An elastic element 53 is also provided between the pressure plate 52 and the connecting surface 11. The elastic element 53 can be a spring sleeved on the guide rod 51. By rotating the adjusting nut, the distance between the pressure plate 52 and the connecting surface 11 can be adjusted, compressing or releasing the elastic element 53. The elastic force of the elastic element 53 makes the pressure plate 52 fit tightly against the external tooling, realizing the stable installation and fine-tuning of the pressure head body 1, while generating a stable and adjustable downward pressure on the pressure head body 1.

[0041] In one embodiment, a protective gas channel 5 is provided on the pressure head body 1. The outlet of the protective gas channel 5 is close to the outlet of the laser channel 3. The protective gas channel 5 is connected to a protective gas, such as an inert gas. The protective gas is blown towards the laser channel 3, which can form a localized, high-concentration inert gas environment in and around the laser welding molten pool, effectively isolating oxygen. This design prevents the oxidation of copper at high temperatures from the source, avoiding welding defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity, thereby obtaining a dense, bright, and highly conductive high-quality weld without the need for subsequent oxide layer cleaning.

[0042] According to this application, a method for using a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars also relates to the present application.

[0043] Step 1: Position the copper busbar 100 to be welded, and adjust the adjusting nut to press the working surface 12 firmly against the copper busbar for precise positioning. Step 2: Activate the cooling component 2, controlling the coolant to circulate at a preset flow rate (e.g., 2 m / s) and a pump pressure not lower than 0.4 MPa to pre-cool the pressure head. Simultaneously, activate the gas protection device, blowing protective gas into the weld area through the protective gas channel 5. Step 3: The laser acts on the copper busbar weld through the laser channel 3 to complete the welding. In this method, pre-cooling reduces the temperature of the pressure head and copper busbar, the gas isolates the area from air, and continuous cooling during welding ensures the stability of the pressure head.

[0044] In this application, the three major functional modules of cooling, gas protection, and pressurization are highly integrated into a compact pressure head body, which greatly reduces the size of the device, simplifies the tooling layout, reduces the difficulty of installation and commissioning, and improves the efficiency and stability of welding operations. It is particularly suitable for space-constrained automated robotic welding units.

[0045] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and / or modifications falling within the scope of the invention, and all changes and / or modifications made according to embodiments of the invention should be covered within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars, characterized in that, include: In the first direction, one end face of the pressure head body forms a connecting surface and the other end face forms a working surface. A cooling assembly is disposed on the pressure head body, the cooling assembly comprising a cooling channel, a coolant inlet communicating with the cooling channel, and a coolant outlet communicating with the cooling channel. A laser channel is disposed on the pressure head body, and the laser channel penetrates the pressure head body in a first direction.

2. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling channel extends in a direction parallel to the working surface, and the cooling channel extends in a meandering manner.

3. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling channels are two parallel channels, each with a matching coolant inlet and coolant outlet, and the coolant flows in opposite directions within the two channels.

4. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A limiting block is provided protrudingly on the working surface. The limiting block is in two sets and is distributed at intervals in the second direction to form a clamping groove. A channel communicating with the cooling flow channel is provided on the limiting block.

5. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to claim 4, characterized in that, The channel is constructed as a recess on the cooling channel. In the direction from the bottom of the cooling channel to the bottom surface of the recess, the upstream end face of the recess is constructed as an inclined surface that slopes upstream, and the inclined surface transitions to the bottom surface of the recess with an arc.

6. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling channel is constructed as volumetric flow rate divided by a preset flow velocity, wherein the volumetric flow rate is equal to the mass flow rate divided by the density of the coolant, and the mass flow rate is calculated by dividing the heat dissipation by the product of the specific heat capacity of the coolant at constant pressure and the preset temperature rise of the coolant.

7. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The pressure head body includes: The first pressure head segment has a first flow channel groove provided on it. A second pressure head segment is disposed at one end of the first pressure head segment in a first direction, and a second flow channel groove is provided on the second pressure head segment. The first pressure head component and the second pressure head component are connected by brazing, and the first flow channel groove and the second flow channel groove form the cooling flow channel.

8. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The system also includes a guide rod, a pressure plate, an adjusting nut, and an elastic element. One end of the guide rod is connected to the connecting surface, and the other end of the guide rod passes through the pressure plate and connects to the adjusting nut. The pressure plate is parallel to the connecting surface, and the elastic element is disposed between the pressure plate and the connecting surface.

9. The pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, A protective gas channel is provided on the pressure head body. The inlet of the protective gas channel is used to connect to the protective gas source, and the outlet is close to the outlet of the laser channel.

10. A method of using a pressure head device for laser welding copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Step 1: Place the copper busbar to be welded into position so that the pressure of the working surface is applied to the copper busbar to be welded. Step two: Coolant is supplied to the cooling assembly for pre-cooling, and protective gas is introduced into the protective gas channel. Step 3: Perform laser welding operation through the laser channel.

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