Automobile door panel assembly line and assembly process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile door panel assembly equipment, and provides an automobile door panel assembly line and an assembly technology.The automobile door panel assembly line comprises a conveying line and an assembly tool, and the assembly tool comprises a base; one side of the bearing seat is hinged to the base; the door panel positioning mechanism is used for positioning the automobile door panel; the door panel pressing mechanism is used for pressing and fixing the automobile door panel on the bearing seat; the angle adjustment driving device is used for driving the bearing seat to rotate; the inclination angle detection unit is used for detecting the inclination angle of the bearing seat; and the process selection input device is used for receiving an input signal and transmitting the input signal to the main control module. According to the automobile door panel assembly line and the assembly process, the bearing seat can automatically rotate to the preset inclination angle according to the current working procedure and is accurately locked, and therefore the problems that due to a traditional fixed posture tool, an operator frequently stoops or lifts arms, the labor intensity is large, and assembly deviation is likely to be caused by the limited visual angle are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive door panel assembly equipment technology, specifically to an automotive door panel assembly line and assembly process. Background Technology

[0002] The assembly of automotive door panels typically involves multiple processes, including wiring harness laying, window regulator installation, speaker assembly, clip fixing, and screw tightening. To improve efficiency and consistency, existing production lines generally use specialized assembly fixtures in conjunction with conveyor lines.

[0003] Traditional assembly fixtures typically include a base, a support, positioning components, and clamping components. The support is fixed to the base and its angle is not adjustable. Operators must frequently change their body posture during different processes—for example, bending over to install the bottom wiring harness and raising their arms to install the upper lifting device. This not only results in high labor intensity but also, due to limited field of vision, easily leads to assembly deviations, affecting quality and pace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automotive door panel assembly line and assembly process to solve or alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in one respect, the present invention provides an automotive door panel assembly line, including a conveyor line and assembly fixtures, wherein the assembly fixtures include:

[0006] Base;

[0007] A support base, one side of which is hinged to the base;

[0008] The door panel positioning mechanism installed on the support seat is used to position the car door panel.

[0009] The door panel pressing mechanism, which is mounted on the support and electrically connected to the main control module, is used to press and fix the car door panel on the support.

[0010] An angle adjustment drive device is mounted on the base and driven by the support seat. It is electrically connected to the main control module. The angle adjustment drive device is used to drive the support seat to rotate and can hold the support seat in the target position.

[0011] An angle detection unit, mounted on the support and electrically connected to the main control module, is used to detect the tilt angle of the support; and

[0012] A process selection input device is mounted on the base and electrically connected to the main control module, which is used to receive input signals and transmit the input signals to the main control module.

[0013] The main control module is used to control the angle adjustment drive device to drive the carrier to rotate by a preset angle according to the received input signal, and to control the angle adjustment drive device to stop when the carrier rotates to the preset angle according to the detection signal of the tilt detection unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the process selection input device includes:

[0015] A mounting base that is fixedly installed on the base;

[0016] A circuit board that is fixedly installed in the mounting base and electrically connected to the main control module;

[0017] A process selection button group includes a plurality of process selection buttons arranged at intervals along a first horizontal direction. The process selection buttons are slidably connected to the mounting base along the longitudinal direction and have working and non-working positions.

[0018] Each button reset elastic element corresponds to one of the process selection buttons, with its two ends abutting against the process selection button and the mounting base, respectively. In its natural state, the button reset elastic element applies a spring force to the process selection button, moving it from the working position to the non-working position.

[0019] A button locking unit is provided on the mounting base, which is used to hold the target process selection button in the working position or the non-working position.

[0020] Furthermore, the button locking unit includes:

[0021] A self-locking sliding block is disposed within the mounting base and located on one side of the process selection button. It is slidably connected to the mounting base along the first horizontal direction and has a first position and a second position. A self-locking guide groove corresponding to each process selection button is opened on the side of the self-locking sliding block facing the process selection button. The self-locking guide groove includes an inclined guide section, a vertical guide section and a horizontal locking section connected sequentially from top to bottom. The inclined guide section is inclined, the vertical guide section is longitudinal, and the horizontal locking section is longitudinal.

[0022] A self-locking mating block corresponding to each of the process selection buttons, one end of which is fixedly connected to the corresponding process selection button, and the other end is slidably inserted into the corresponding self-locking guide groove; and

[0023] A sliding reset elastic element has its two ends connected to the self-locking sliding block and the mounting base, respectively. The sliding reset elastic element is used to apply an elastic force to the self-locking sliding block to move it from the second position to the first position.

[0024] Furthermore, the process selection input device further includes:

[0025] A one-key reset button is disposed at one end of the process selection button group, which is slidably connected to the mounting base longitudinally and is drivenly connected to the self-locking sliding block; and

[0026] The reset button elastic element has its two ends connected to the one-key reset button and the mounting base, respectively, and in its natural state, the reset button elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the one-key reset button.

[0027] Furthermore, the side of the self-locking sliding block facing the one-key reset button is provided with a reset drive groove, which includes an inclined drive section and a vertical mating section arranged and connected from top to bottom.

[0028] A reset drive block is fixedly provided on the side of the one-key reset button facing the self-locking sliding block, and the reset drive block extends into the reset drive groove.

[0029] Furthermore, the process selection input device also includes a key interlock mechanism, which is used to ensure that only one process selection key can be pressed at a time.

[0030] The key interlock mechanism includes:

[0031] A control block corresponding to each of the process selection buttons is coaxially sleeved on the process selection buttons and rotatably connected to the process selection buttons.

[0032] A control arm is positioned between any two adjacent process selection buttons, with its middle part rotatably connected to the mounting base and control arm protrusions at both ends. When the process selection button is in a non-working position, the two control arm protrusions on the same control arm respectively fit against the opposite end sidewalls of the two adjacent control blocks. The upper and lower sides of the control arm protrusions are provided with first guide slopes, and the process selection button is provided with a button driving protrusion that cooperates with the first guide slope.

[0033] The control arm balancing elastic component assembly, which corresponds to each control arm, includes two control arm balancing elastic components. The two control arm balancing elastic components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center of the control arm. The two ends of the control arm balancing elastic components are respectively connected to the control arm and the mounting base. In the natural state, all the control arm balancing elastic components exert the same elastic force on the corresponding control arm with equal magnitude and the same direction.

[0034] Two end control arms are located at both ends of the process selection button group. The middle part of each end control arm is hinged to the mounting base. The end of each end control arm facing the process selection button has an end control protrusion. When the process selection button is in the non-working position, the end control protrusion is in contact with the opposite sidewall of the corresponding control block. The upper and lower sides of each end control protrusion have second guide slopes.

[0035] The end arm balancing elastic element group, which corresponds to the end control arm, includes two end arm balancing elastic elements. The two end arm balancing elastic elements are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center line of the end control arm. The two ends of the end arm balancing elastic elements are respectively connected to the end control arm and the mounting base. In the natural state, all the end arm balancing elastic elements exert the same elastic force on the end control arm in terms of magnitude and direction.

[0036] Furthermore, the tilt detection unit includes an angle sensor, a position sensor, and / or a tilt sensor.

[0037] Furthermore, the door panel pressing mechanism includes:

[0038] The door panel clamping block, which is movably connected to the bearing seat, has a clamping position and a releasing position;

[0039] A pressing drive device, mounted on the support and electrically connected to the main control module, is drively connected to the door panel pressing block; and

[0040] A pressure sensor is installed at the pressing end of the door panel pressing block and is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0041] The main control module is also used to control the operation of the pressing drive device according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor, so as to keep the pressure applied by the door panel pressing block on the car door panel at a preset value.

[0042] Furthermore, the angle adjustment drive device includes an angle adjustment drive device, one end of which is hinged to the base and the other end of which is hinged to the support seat.

[0043] On the other hand, the present invention provides an assembly process for an automotive door panel assembly line as described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Place the car door panel on the support seat and position it using the door panel positioning mechanism;

[0045] S2. The car door panel is pressed and fixed by the door panel pressing mechanism;

[0046] S3. Input the instruction corresponding to the current process through the process selection input device;

[0047] S4. The main control module controls the angle adjustment drive device to drive the bearing seat to rotate to a preset tilt angle corresponding to the process according to the instruction;

[0048] S5. The tilt angle detection unit detects the tilt angle of the support seat in real time, and feeds back a signal to the main control module when the preset tilt angle is reached. The main control module then controls the angle adjustment drive device to stop.

[0049] S6. Complete the assembly of the current process under the adjusted posture;

[0050] S7. If there is a next step, return to step S3; otherwise, release the door panel clamping mechanism and remove the car door panel.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0052] The automotive door panel assembly line and assembly process provided by this invention employs a closed-loop control system consisting of a hinged bearing seat, an angle adjustment drive device, and a tilt detection unit. This allows the bearing seat to automatically rotate to a preset tilt angle and lock precisely according to the current process, thereby solving the problems of traditional fixed-posture tooling that cause operators to frequently bend over or raise their arms, resulting in high labor intensity and limited viewing angle, which can easily lead to assembly deviations.

[0053] Because of the use of a mechanical button locking unit that includes a self-locking guide groove, a self-locking mating block and a sliding reset elastic element, the pressed process selection button can be reliably held in the working position without continuous pressing, thus solving the technical problems of command interruption caused by accidental release during assembly and the impact of the carrier seat's unexpected return on the continuity and safety of the operation.

[0054] Because of the adoption of a purely mechanical button interlocking mechanism consisting of a control arm, an end control arm and its balancing elastic element, only one process selection button is allowed to be pressed at any given time, thus solving the risk of multiple buttons being triggered simultaneously, causing conflicting commands to be received by the main control module, resulting in angle adjustment chaos or equipment action conflicts.

[0055] Because the door panel clamping mechanism uses an integrated pressure sensor and the main control module dynamically adjusts the output of the clamping drive device based on real-time pressure feedback, the clamping force applied to the door panel is always maintained within the preset safety range. This solves the quality problems of traditional rigid clamping, which can easily lead to deformation and damage of plastic door panels or insufficient clamping causing workpiece displacement during assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0057] Figure 1 A perspective view of the assembly fixture for an automotive door panel assembly line provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A is shown below;

[0059] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the process selection input device for the assembly tooling of the automotive door panel assembly line.

[0060] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the process selection input device;

[0061] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The cross-sectional view shown in the BB direction;

[0062] Figure 6 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of section C is shown;

[0063] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of the process selection input device.

[0064] Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged view of section D is shown;

[0065] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural view of the door panel clamping mechanism of the assembly fixture in the automotive door panel assembly line.

[0066] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the circuit principle block diagram of the assembly tooling for the automotive door panel assembly line.

[0067] Figure label:

[0068] 100. Base; 200. Bearing seat; 310. Door panel positioning block; 311. Door panel support wall; 312. Door panel limiting wall; 410. Door panel pressing block; 420. Pressing drive device; 430. Pressure sensor; 510. Linear actuator; 600. Tilt angle detection unit; 710. Mounting base; 720. Circuit board; 730. Process selection button; 731. Button drive protrusion; 740. Button reset elastic element; 751. Self-locking sliding block; 752. Self-locking mating block; 753. Sliding reset elastic element; 754. Self-locking guide groove; 701. 702. Inclined guide section; 703. Vertical guide section; 704. Horizontal locking section; 755. Reset drive groove; 706. Inclined drive section; 707. Vertical mating section; 760. One-key reset button; 770. Reset button elastic element; 780. Reset drive block; 810. Control block; 820. Control arm; 821. Control arm protrusion; 822. First guide slope; 830. Control arm balancing elastic element; 840. End control arm; 841. End control protrusion; 842. Second guide slope; 850. End arm balancing elastic element; 900. Main control module. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0071] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides an automotive door panel assembly line and assembly process, including a conveyor line and assembly fixtures. The assembly fixtures include a base 100, a support seat 200, a door panel positioning mechanism, a door panel pressing mechanism, an angle adjustment drive device, a tilt angle detection unit 600, a process selection input device, and a main control module 900.

[0077] The base 100 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire tooling. One side of the support seat 200 is rotatably connected to the base 100 via a hinge shaft, allowing it to swing about the hinge point in the vertical plane, thereby changing the working tilt angle of the door panel. A door panel positioning mechanism is located on the upper surface of the support seat 200, used to precisely position the car door panel placed on it, ensuring consistency in repeated assembly. A door panel clamping mechanism is located on the support seat 200 and is electrically connected to the main control module 900, used to firmly clamp the door panel after positioning, preventing displacement during assembly.

[0078] An angle adjustment drive device is mounted on the base 100, and its output end is connected to the support 200 for transmission. It provides driving force to change the posture of the support 200. A tilt angle detection unit 600 is mounted at the hinge center of the support 200. It is used to detect the current tilt angle in real time and transmit the signal to the main control module 900, forming a closed-loop feedback. A process selection input device is located in an easily accessible position on the base 100, allowing operators to input instructions according to the current assembly task.

[0079] Working principle:

[0080] During operation, the operator selects the current process (e.g., "wire harness installation") via the process selection input device. Upon receiving this signal, the main control module 900 retrieves the pre-stored target tilt angle and controls the angle adjustment drive to rotate the support 200. During this process, the tilt angle detection unit 600 continuously feeds real-time angle feedback to the main control module 900. When the detected value matches the target value, the main control module 900 immediately stops the angle adjustment drive, ensuring the support 200 is stably locked in the optimal working posture.

[0081] This design achieves automatic and precise adjustment of the door panel tilt angle through closed-loop control, enabling different processes to be completed under optimal ergonomic posture, significantly reducing operator fatigue and improving assembly efficiency and quality consistency.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the process selection input device. For example... Figure 3-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the process selection input device includes a mounting base 710, a circuit board 720, a process selection button group, a button reset elastic element 740, and a button locking unit.

[0084] Mounting base 710 is fixed to base 100 and houses circuit board 720, which is electrically connected to main control module 900. The process selection button group includes multiple process selection buttons 730, arranged sequentially at intervals along a first horizontal direction, each corresponding to a specific assembly process (such as "wire harness," "lifter," "screw," etc.). Each process selection button 730 is slidably connected to mounting base 710 longitudinally, and has a downward-pressed working position and an upward-released non-working position. Each process selection button 730 has a button reset elastic element 740 below it, which resets the corresponding process selection button 730 to the non-working position when no external force is applied, ensuring a safe default state.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the button reset elastic element 740 is a compression spring, but in other alternative embodiments, the button reset elastic element 740 can be a tension spring, a hydraulic spring, or a pneumatic spring, etc.

[0086] The button locking unit is located inside the mounting base 710. It is used to mechanically lock the process selection button 730 in the working position after it is pressed, so as to ensure continuous and effective signal output and prevent angle return due to accidental release.

[0087] This design uses a mechanical button lock to ensure that the selected process command remains valid until assembly is complete, eliminating the need for continuous pressing and making operation more convenient and reliable. At the same time, the elastic reset design improves the responsiveness and safety of human-machine interaction.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the button locking unit. For example... Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the button locking unit includes a self-locking sliding block 751, a self-locking mating block 752, and a sliding reset elastic element 753.

[0090] The self-locking sliding block 751 is located inside the mounting base 710 and on one side of the process selection button group. It can slide along the first horizontal direction and has a first position (initial position) and a second position (locked position). The side of the self-locking sliding block facing the process selection button 730 is provided with a self-locking guide groove 754 corresponding to the process selection button 730. Each self-locking guide groove 754 includes, from top to bottom, an inclined guide section 701, a vertical guide section 702 and a horizontal locking section 703 arranged from top to bottom. The inclined guide section 701 is inclined, the vertical guide section 702 is vertical, and the top end of the vertical guide section 702 is connected to the bottom end of the inclined guide section 701. The horizontal locking section 703 is arranged along the first horizontal direction, one end of the horizontal locking section 703 is connected to the bottom end of the vertical guide section 702, and the other end extends freely.

[0091] The self-locking mating blocks 752 correspond one-to-one with the process selection buttons 730. One end of each self-locking mating block 752 is fixedly connected to the corresponding process selection button 730, and the other end is slidably inserted into the corresponding self-locking guide groove 754. The sliding reset elastic element 753 applies a spring force to the self-locking sliding block 751 to move it from the second position to the first position.

[0092] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the sliding reset elastic element 753 is a tension spring, but in other embodiments, the sliding reset elastic element 753 can be a compression spring, a gas spring, a hydraulic spring, etc.

[0093] Working principle:

[0094] Initially, the self-locking engagement block 752 is located at the top of the inclined guide section 701. With the cooperation of the self-locking engagement block 750 and the inclined guide section 701, the process selection button 730 is kept in the non-working position.

[0095] When a process selection button 730 is pressed, the self-locking engagement block 752 moves downward and slides along the inclined guide section 701 into the vertical guide section 702, thereby driving the self-locking sliding block 751 from the first position to the second position. If the button is pressed down further, the self-locking engagement block will correspond to the horizontal locking section 703, and the sliding reset elastic element 753 will drive the self-locking sliding block 751 to move from the second position to the first position, so that the self-locking engagement block 752 enters the horizontal locking section 703 and is horizontally limited, thus realizing the mechanical self-locking of the button.

[0096] This design utilizes the cooperation between the guide groove and the slider to achieve a purely mechanical locking mechanism that is "press-to-lock and requires no power". It has a simple structure, high reliability, low cost, and can maintain its current state even in abnormal situations such as power failure.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] Based on Embodiment 3, this embodiment adds a one-key reset function. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the process selection input device further includes a one-key reset button 760 and a reset button elastic element 770.

[0099] A one-key reset button 760 is located at one end of the process selection button group, and is slidably connected to the mounting base 710 along the longitudinal direction, and is directly or indirectly connected to the self-locking sliding block 751. The reset button elastic element 770 applies an upward elastic force to the one-key reset button 760, so that it is normally in the popped-up state.

[0100] Working principle:

[0101] When the one-key reset button 760 is pressed, it pushes the self-locking sliding block 751 to move to the first position, causing all self-locking mating blocks 752 to disengage from the horizontal locking section 703. Under the action of their respective button reset elastic elements 740, each process selection button 730 automatically springs back to the non-working position, and the system returns to its initial state.

[0102] This design provides a fast and unified reset method, which facilitates quick reset after process switching errors, equipment debugging, or emergency shutdowns, thereby improving production line flexibility and operational fault tolerance.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] Based on Embodiment 4, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the transmission connection structure between the one-key reset button 760 and the self-locking sliding block 751. For example... Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the side of the self-locking sliding block 751 facing the one-key reset button 760 is provided with a reset drive groove 755. The reset drive groove includes an inclined drive section 704 and a vertical engagement section 705 arranged and connected from top to bottom.

[0105] A reset drive block 780 is fixedly installed on the side of the one-key reset button 760 facing the self-locking sliding block 751, and the reset drive block 780 extends into the reset drive groove 755.

[0106] Working principle:

[0107] Pressing the one-key reset button 760 causes the reset drive block 780 to move along the inclined drive section 704, converting the vertical pressure into a horizontal thrust, which in turn pushes the self-locking sliding block 751 to move, releasing all button locks.

[0108] This design efficiently converts vertical pressing force into horizontal driving force, ensuring reliable reset action. The transmission structure is simple, the force is reasonable, the action is smooth, and it is not prone to jamming during long-term use.

[0109] Example 6

[0110] Based on Embodiments 2, 3, 4, or 5, this embodiment introduces a button interlock mechanism to ensure that only one process selection button 730 can be effectively pressed at any given time. Figures 4-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the button interlocking mechanism includes a control block 810, multiple control arms 820, a control arm balancing elastic element group, two end control arms 840, and an end arm balancing elastic element group.

[0111] Each control block 810 corresponds to a process selection button 730. Each control block 810 is coaxially mounted on the corresponding process selection button 730 and is rotatably connected to the process selection button 730.

[0112] The control arm 820 is located between two adjacent process selection buttons 730. Its middle part is rotatably connected to the mounting base 710, and its two ends are provided with control arm protrusions 821. When the process selection button 730 is in the non-working position, the control arm protrusions 821 at both ends of the same control arm 820 abut against the end sidewalls of the opposite ends of the two adjacent control blocks 810. The upper and lower sides of all control arm protrusions 821 are provided with first guide slopes 822. The process selection button 730 is provided with a button drive protrusion 731 that cooperates with the first guide slope 822. When the process selection button 730 moves, the control arm 820 can be driven to rotate through the cooperation of the button drive protrusion 731 and the first guide slope 822, so that the control arm 820 does not restrict the movement of the process selection button 730 in the normal working state.

[0113] The control arm balancing elastic element group corresponds one-to-one with the control arm 820. The control arm balancing elastic element group includes two control arm balancing elastic elements 830. The two control arm balancing elastic elements 830 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center line of the control arm 820. In the natural state, all the control arm balancing elastic elements 830 apply equal elastic force to the corresponding control arm 820, and the direction is the same. Thus, in the natural state, the control arm 820 can be kept in the central position, that is, extended along the first horizontal direction.

[0114] Specifically, such as Figures 4-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the control arm balancing elastic element 830 is a tension spring. However, in other alternative embodiments, the control arm balancing elastic element 830 can also be a compression spring, a torsion spring, or a spiral torsion spring.

[0115] Two end control arms 840 are provided, located at both ends of the process selection button group, with the middle of each end control arm 840 hinged to the mounting base 710. Each end control arm 840 has an end control protrusion 841 on the end facing the process selection button group, and when the process selection button 730 is in the non-working position, the end control protrusion is in contact with the side wall of the opposite end of the corresponding control block 810.

[0116] Both the upper and lower sides of the end control protrusion 841 are provided with second guide slopes 842 that cooperate with the button drive protrusion 731. When the process selection button 730 moves, the end control arm 840 can be driven to rotate through the cooperation of the button drive protrusion 731 and the second guide slopes 842, so that the end control arm 840 does not restrict the movement of the process selection button 730. The end arm balancing elastic element group corresponds one-to-one with the end control arm 840. Each end arm balancing elastic element group includes two end arm balancing elastic elements 850, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center line of the corresponding end control arm 840. In the natural state, all end arm balancing elastic elements 850 apply equal elastic force to the corresponding end control arm 840, and in the same direction, so that the end control arm 840 can be kept in the central position, that is, extending along the first horizontal direction, in the natural state.

[0117] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the end arm balancing elastic element 850 is a tension spring. However, in other alternative embodiments, the end arm balancing elastic element 850 can also be a compression spring, a torsion spring, or a spiral torsion spring.

[0118] Working principle:

[0119] When a process selection button 730 is pressed, the process selection button 730 drives the control arm 820 to rotate and avoid a movement via the button drive protrusion 731, so that the process selection button 730 can be pressed down normally.

[0120] When two process selection buttons 730 are pressed simultaneously, the control arm 820 located between the two process selection buttons 730 cannot rotate synchronously to avoid them. As a result, the button drive protrusion 731 will interfere with the first guide slope 822, preventing the two process selection buttons 730 from moving down synchronously.

[0121] This design, through a purely mechanical interlock structure, fundamentally eliminates the possibility of simultaneous activation of multiple process commands, ensuring the unique logic and stable operation of the control system, and avoiding tilt angle confusion or equipment conflict due to misoperation.

[0122] Example 7

[0123] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment defines the specific type of the tilt detection unit 600. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the tilt detection unit 600 includes an angle sensor. During operation, the main control module 900 calculates the target angle required for the carrier 200 to rotate from the current process to the target process. During the rotation of the carrier 200 driven by the linear actuator 510, the angle sensor detects the rotation angle of the carrier 200 in real time. When the angle sensor detects that the rotation angle of the carrier 200 reaches the target angle, the main control module 900 controls the linear actuator 510 to stop running, thereby keeping the carrier 200 in its current position.

[0124] However, in other alternative embodiments, the tilt detection unit 600 may also be any one or more combinations of an angle sensor, a position sensor, or a tilt sensor, mounted at the hinge center of the support 200.

[0125] This design offers a variety of sensing options, balancing the need for high precision (such as high-resolution encoders) with low cost (such as MEMS tilt sensors), thus enhancing the applicability and economy of this invention in different production line environments.

[0126] Example 8

[0127] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the door panel positioning mechanism. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the door panel positioning mechanism includes a plurality of door panel positioning blocks 310 fixedly connected to the support seat 200, and its inner side is provided with a door panel support wall 311 and a door panel limiting wall 312 that match the contour of the car door panel.

[0128] The door panel support wall 311 provides the main support surface and bears the weight of the door panel; the door panel limiting wall 312 laterally constrains the door panel, limiting its translational degrees of freedom in the X / Y directions. The two work together to achieve reliable constraint on the key degrees of freedom of the door panel.

[0129] This design, through a contour-following positioning structure, ensures that the door panel is in the same spatial position each time it is loaded, providing a high repeatability positioning accuracy foundation for subsequent pressing, tilt adjustment and assembly.

[0130] Example 9

[0131] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the door panel pressing mechanism. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the door panel pressing mechanism includes a door panel pressing block 410, a pressing drive device 420, and a pressure sensor 430.

[0132] The door panel pressing block 410 is movably connected to the support seat 200, and has a pressing position and a releasing position, which can be switched under the action of the pressing drive device 420. The pressing drive device 420 is fixed on the support seat 200 and electrically connected to the main control module 900. Since the rotary lifting cylinder can drive the door panel pressing block 410 to move along a compound trajectory, it can effectively avoid the path of loading and unloading the car door and achieve uniform and interference-free pressing. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressing drive device 420 is preferably a rotary lifting cylinder.

[0133] The pressure sensor 430 is embedded in the pressing end face of the door panel pressing block 410 to monitor the pressing force in real time.

[0134] Working principle:

[0135] The main control module 900 dynamically adjusts the output of the clamping drive device 420 based on the feedback from the pressure sensor 430, so that the clamping force is kept constant within the preset safety range.

[0136] This design uses closed-loop pressure control to prevent deformation and damage to the door panel (especially plastic parts) due to overpressure, and to avoid loosening during assembly due to underpressure, thus ensuring assembly quality and workpiece integrity.

[0137] Example 10

[0138] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred technical solution for the angle adjustment drive device. In this embodiment, the angle adjustment drive device includes a linear actuator 510, one end of which is hinged to the base 100 via a pin, and the other end of which is hinged to the support seat 200 via another pin. Specifically, the linear actuator 510 can be an electric push rod, a cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0139] This design uses a double-hinged structure to enable the angle adjustment drive to adapt to the swing trajectory of the support seat 200 during the extension and retraction process, avoiding lateral force or jamming, and ensuring smooth movement and long service life.

[0140] Example 11

[0141] This embodiment provides an assembly process based on the aforementioned assembly line, with the following specific steps:

[0142] S1. Place the car door panel to be assembled on the carrier 200, and the door panel support wall 311 and door panel limiting wall 312 of the door panel positioning mechanism complete the initial positioning;

[0143] S2. Start the door panel clamping mechanism. The clamping drive device 420 pushes the door panel clamping block 410 downward. The pressure sensor 430 monitors the clamping force until the preset value is reached, and the door panel is fixed.

[0144] S3. The operator presses the corresponding process selection button 730 in the process selection input device according to the current process;

[0145] S4. After receiving the signal, the main control module 900 controls the extension and retraction of the angle adjustment drive device, and drives the bearing seat 200 to rotate around the hinge point.

[0146] S5. The tilt angle detection unit 600 collects the tilt angle in real time. When the preset angle corresponding to the process is reached, the main control module 900 cuts off the drive signal and the bearing seat 200 locks.

[0147] S6. The operator completes the current assembly process under optimized posture;

[0148] S7. If there is a subsequent process, return to S3 to select a new process; otherwise, release the door panel clamping mechanism and remove the finished door panel.

[0149] This design deeply integrates hardware structure and control logic to form a closed loop of "perception-decision-execution-feedback", realizing adaptive optimization of posture throughout the entire door panel assembly process, and significantly improving human-machine collaboration efficiency, assembly accuracy and production line flexibility.

[0150] Numerous specific details are set forth in this specification. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0151] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automotive door panel assembly line, comprising a conveyor line and assembly fixtures, characterized in that, The assembly fixture includes: Base (100); A support (200) is hinged to the base (100) on one side; The door panel positioning mechanism provided on the support (200) is used to position the car door panel; The door panel pressing mechanism is installed on the support (200) and electrically connected to the main control module (900), which is used to press and fix the car door panel on the support (200); An angle adjustment drive device is installed on the base (100) and is connected to the carrier (200) in a transmission manner. It is electrically connected to the main control module (900). The angle adjustment drive device is used to drive the carrier (200) to rotate and to keep the carrier (200) in the target position. An inclination detection unit (600) is disposed on the support (200) and electrically connected to the main control module (900), which is used to detect the inclination angle of the support (200); and A process selection input device is disposed on the base (100) and electrically connected to the main control module (900), which is used to receive input signals and transmit the input signals to the main control module (900). The main control module (900) is used to control the angle adjustment drive device to drive the carrier (200) to rotate a preset angle according to the received input signal, and to control the angle adjustment drive device to stop when the carrier (200) rotates to the preset angle according to the detection signal of the tilt detection unit (600).

2. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process selection input device includes: Mounting bracket (710) fixedly installed on the base (100); A circuit board (720) is fixedly installed in the mounting base (710) and electrically connected to the main control module (900); The process selection button group includes a plurality of process selection buttons (730) arranged at intervals along a first horizontal direction. The process selection buttons (730) are slidably connected to the mounting base (710) in the longitudinal direction and have working and non-working positions. A button reset elastic element (740) corresponding one-to-one with the process selection button (730) has its two ends abutting against the process selection button (730) and the mounting base (710) respectively. In its natural state, the button reset elastic element (740) applies a spring force to the process selection button (730) to move it from the working position to the non-working position; and A key locking unit is provided on the mounting base (710) for holding the target process selection key (730) in the working position or the non-working position.

3. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 2, characterized in that, The key locking unit includes: A self-locking sliding block (751) is disposed in the mounting base (710) and located on one side of the process selection button (730). It is slidably connected to the mounting base (710) along the first horizontal direction. It has a first position and a second position. On the side facing the process selection button (730), a self-locking guide groove (754) corresponding to each of the process selection buttons (730) is provided. The self-locking guide groove (754) includes an inclined guide section (701), a vertical guide section (702) and a horizontal locking section (703) connected sequentially from top to bottom. The inclined guide section (701) is inclined, the vertical guide section (702) is longitudinal, and the horizontal locking section (703) is longitudinal. A self-locking mating block (752) corresponding one-to-one with each of the process selection buttons (730) has one end fixedly connected to the corresponding process selection button (730), and the other end slidably inserted into the corresponding self-locking guide groove (754); and The sliding reset elastic element (753) has its two ends connected to the self-locking sliding block (751) and the mounting base (710) respectively. The sliding reset elastic element (753) is used to apply an elastic force to the self-locking sliding block (751) to move from the second position to the first position.

4. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process selection input device further includes: A one-key reset button (760) is disposed at one end of the process selection button (730) group, which is slidably connected longitudinally to the mounting base (710) and is drively connected to the self-locking sliding block (751); and The reset button elastic element (770) has its two ends connected to the one-key reset button (760) and the mounting base (710) respectively, and in its natural state, the reset button elastic element (770) applies an upward elastic force to the one-key reset button (760).

5. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 4, characterized in that, The self-locking sliding block (751) has a reset drive groove (755) on the side facing the one-key reset button (760). The reset drive groove (755) includes an inclined drive section 704 and a vertical mating section 705 arranged and connected from top to bottom. A reset drive block (780) is fixedly provided on the side of the one-key reset button (760) facing the self-locking sliding block (751), and the reset drive block (780) extends into the reset drive groove (755).

6. The automotive door panel assembly line according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The process selection input device further includes a key interlock mechanism, which is used to ensure that only one process selection key (730) can be pressed at a time. The key interlock mechanism includes: A control block (810) corresponding one-to-one with the process selection button (730) is coaxially sleeved on the process selection button (730) and rotatably connected to the process selection button (730); A control arm (820) is disposed between any two adjacent process selection buttons (730), the middle part of which is rotatably connected to the mounting base (710), and control arm protrusions (821) are provided at both ends. When the process selection button (730) is in a non-working position, the two control arm protrusions (821) on the same control arm (820) respectively fit against the end sidewalls of the opposite ends of the two adjacent control blocks (810). The upper and lower sides of the control arm protrusions (821) are provided with first guide slopes (822), and the process selection button (730) is provided with a button driving protrusion (731) that cooperates with the first guide slopes (822). The control arm balance elastic component assembly, which corresponds one-to-one with the control arm (820), includes two control arm balance elastic components (830). The two control arm balance elastic components (830) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center of the control arm (820). The two ends of the control arm balance elastic components (830) are respectively connected to the control arm (820) and the mounting base (710). In the natural state, all the control arm balance elastic components (830) exert the same elastic force on the corresponding control arm (820) with equal magnitude and the same direction. Two end control arms (840) are located at both ends of the process selection button group. The middle part of the end control arm (840) is hinged to the mounting base (710). The end of the end control arm (840) facing the process selection button (730) is provided with an end control protrusion (841). When the process selection button (730) is in the non-working position, the end control protrusion (841) is in contact with the opposite end sidewall of the corresponding control block (810). The upper and lower sides of the end control protrusion (841) are provided with second guide slopes (842). The end arm balancing elastic element group, which corresponds one-to-one with the end control arm (840), includes two end arm balancing elastic elements (850). The two end arm balancing elastic elements (850) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge center line of the end control arm (840). The two ends of the end arm balancing elastic elements (850) are respectively connected to the end control arm (840) and the mounting base (710). In the natural state, all the end arm balancing elastic elements exert the same elastic force on the end control arm (840) in terms of magnitude and direction.

7. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tilt detection unit (600) includes an angle sensor, a position sensor and / or a tilt sensor.

8. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door panel pressing mechanism includes: The door panel clamping block (410) is movably connected to the bearing seat (200) and has a clamping position and a loosening position; A pressing drive device (420) is mounted on the support (200) and electrically connected to the main control module (900), and is drively connected to the door panel pressing block (410); and A pressure sensor (430) is installed at the pressing end of the door panel pressing block (410) and electrically connected to the main control module (900). The main control module (900) is also used to control the operation of the pressing drive device (420) according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor (430) so that the pressure applied by the door panel pressing block (410) on the car door panel is maintained at a preset value.

9. The automotive door panel assembly line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle adjustment drive device includes a linear driver (510), one end of which is hinged to the base (100) and the other end of which is hinged to the support (200).

10. An assembly process for an automotive door panel assembly line as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the car door panel on the support (200) and position it using the door panel positioning mechanism; S2. The car door panel is pressed and fixed by the door panel pressing mechanism; S3. Input the instruction corresponding to the current process through the process selection input device; S4. The main control module (900) controls the angle adjustment drive device to drive the support seat (200) to rotate to a preset tilt angle corresponding to the process according to the instruction; S5. The tilt angle detection unit (600) detects the tilt angle of the support (200) in real time, and feeds back a signal to the main control module (900) when the preset tilt angle is reached. The main control module (900) controls the angle adjustment drive device to stop. S6. Complete the assembly of the current process under the adjusted posture; S7. If there is a next step, return to step S3; otherwise, release the door panel clamping mechanism and remove the car door panel.

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