Internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat and power combined supply system

Abstract

The invention provides an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat and power combined supply system, and belongs to the technical field of heat and power. The outside is communicated with the internal combustion engine through an air channel, the outside is communicated with the internal combustion engine through a fuel channel, the internal combustion engine is communicated with the outside after being communicated with a high-temperature heat supply device and a steam generator through a fuel gas channel, the compressor is communicated with the heat supply device through a refrigerant steam channel, and the heat supply device is communicated with the steam generator through a condensate pipeline via a booster pump. After a condensate pipeline of the heat supplier is communicated with the internal combustion engine through a throttling valve, the internal combustion engine is communicated with a low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector through a refrigerant steam channel, the steam generator is communicated with a high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector through a steam channel, and the ejector is communicated with the compressor through a medium-pressure refrigerant steam channel. The high-temperature heat supply device and the heat supply device are respectively provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the outside, the internal combustion engine is connected with the compressor and transmits power, and the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat and power combined supply system is formed.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermodynamics and thermal motion technology. Background technology:

[0002] High-quality fuels, such as natural gas, gasoline, and diesel, are high-temperature heat sources with temperatures exceeding several thousand degrees Celsius. Whether for power applications, heating and cooling utilization, or combined heat and power systems, it is necessary to minimize irreversible temperature losses.

[0003] Internal combustion engine devices that utilize high-quality fuel to achieve thermal conversion have the advantage of utilizing the thermal energy of the high-temperature section of the gas and providing power; the further issue to be addressed is how to adopt the simplest possible technical means to achieve efficient thermal utilization of cooling heat load and gas emission heat load.

[0004] Vapor compression heat pump technology, which operates on the principle of reverse Rankine cycle, has the advantage of being able to achieve constant-temperature heat absorption; however, meeting the demand for high-parameter heating or steam is technically challenging.

[0005] An ejector is a pressure-boosting component that effectively utilizes high-temperature heat resources. It has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low investment and long service life. In addition, compared with compressors, ejectors are more adaptable to the compression of wet steam.

[0006] Based on the fundamental principle of simple and efficient use of fuel for heating / thermal power conversion, this invention presents a combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines that integrates technologies, complements each other's advantages, has a reasonable process, a simple structure, and achieves rationalized performance indexes. Summary of the Invention:

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0008] 1. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature heater, a steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, and an injector. It has an external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, an external fuel passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, a gas passage connecting the high-temperature heater and the steam generator, and then connecting to the outside. The compressor has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the heater. The heater also has a condensate line connecting to the steam generator via the booster pump. The heater also has a condensate line connecting to the internal combustion engine via the throttle valve. The internal combustion engine then has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The steam generator has a steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The injector also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the compressor. The high-temperature heater and the heater each have a heated medium passage connecting to the outside. The internal combustion engine connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0009] 2. The combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines is an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator. The original system is modified so that the condensate line of the heater is connected to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve, while the original system is modified so that the condensate line of the heater is connected to the internal combustion engine via the regenerator and the throttle valve. The original system is modified so that the injector has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor, while the original system is modified so that the injector has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor via the regenerator, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system.

[0010] 3. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator. The internal combustion engine's refrigerant vapor passage is changed from being connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet to being connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet after passing through the regenerator. The heater's condensate line is changed from being connected to the internal combustion engine through a throttle valve to being connected to the internal combustion engine after passing through the regenerator and the throttle valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0011] 4. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator and a second regenerator. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector after passing through the second regenerator. The condensate line of the heater connected to the internal combustion engine through a throttle valve is adjusted so that the condensate line of the heater connects to the internal combustion engine after passing through the regenerator, the second regenerator, and the throttle valve. The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector connected to the compressor is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector connects to the compressor through the regenerator, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0012] 5. The combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines is an improvement upon the first combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines by adding a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The compressor's refrigerant vapor passage is now connected to the heater, but this is adjusted so that the compressor's refrigerant vapor passage connects to the second heater, then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the heater, and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the regenerator, and then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The heater's condensate line is now connected to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve, but this is adjusted so that the heater has a refrigerant medium line (either fully condensed or partially condensed) connected to the internal combustion engine via the regenerator and the throttle valve. The second heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, thus forming the combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines.

[0013] 6. The combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines is an improvement upon the first combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines by adding a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The regenerator vapor passage from the internal combustion engine connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector is adjusted so that the regenerator vapor passage from the internal combustion engine connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector after passing through the second regenerator. The regenerator vapor passage from the compressor connected to the heater is adjusted so that the regenerator vapor passage from the compressor connects to the second heater and then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the heater and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a regenerator vapor passage connected to the regenerator and then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The condensate line from the heater is adjusted so that the heater has a fully condensed or partially condensed regenerator medium line connected to the internal combustion engine after passing through the regenerator, the second regenerator, and the expander. The second heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming the combined cycle cogeneration system for internal combustion engines.

[0014] 7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system is formed by adding a two-phase expander to replace the throttle valve in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power systems described in items 1-6. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0015] 8. The combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines is formed by adding an injection pipe and replacing the throttle valve to any of the combined cycle thermal power supply systems for internal combustion engines described in items 1-6.

[0016] 9. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermodynamic and power supply system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermodynamic and power supply systems described in items 5 and 6, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, and adding an expander speed increaser and replacing the expander.

[0017] 10. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system described in item 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The original system, which had a condensate line connecting the heater to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve, is modified so that the heater has a condensate line connecting to the steam distribution chamber via a nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor through an intermediate port, and the steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connecting to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0018] 11. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle, and a steam distribution chamber. The internal combustion engine's refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine's refrigerant vapor passage to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector after passing through the regenerator. The heater's condensate line connected to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve is adjusted to connect the heater's condensate line to the steam distribution chamber via the nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connected to the internal combustion engine after passing through the regenerator and the throttle valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0019] 12. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system is formed by adding a second nozzle to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system described in item 10 or 11 and replacing the throttle valve to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

[0020] 13. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system is any one of the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power systems described in items 1-2 and 10, with the addition of a heat source heat exchanger. The system is modified so that the heater has a condensate line connected to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve, and the internal combustion engine has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The system is then adjusted so that the heater has a condensate line connected to the internal combustion engine and the heat source heat exchanger via a throttle valve, and the heat source heat exchanger has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The heat source heat exchanger also has a heat source medium channel connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0021] 14. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system is any one of the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration systems described in items 1-13, with the addition of an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator. The external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine is adjusted to connect to the internal combustion engine via the air compressor and the high-temperature regenerator. The internal combustion engine's gas passage connecting to the high-temperature heater is adjusted to connect to the high-temperature heater via the high-temperature regenerator. The internal combustion engine is connected to the air compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system. Attached image description:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a principle thermodynamic system diagram of a combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a second principle thermodynamic system diagram of an internal combustion engine combined cycle combined heat and power system provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a third principle thermodynamic system diagram of an internal combustion engine combined cycle combined heat and power system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the fourth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the fifth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the seventh principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is the eighth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is the ninth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is the tenth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is the 11th principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is the 12th principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is the 13th principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 This is the 14th principle thermodynamic system diagram of the combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram, 1-internal combustion engine, 2-high temperature heater, 3-steam generator, 4-compressor, 5-heater, 6-boost pump, 7-throttle valve, 8-injector, 9-regenerator, 10-secondary regenerator, 11-expander, 12-secondary heater, 13-two-phase expander, 14-nozzle, 15-dual-energy compressor, 16-expander speed increaser, 17-steam chamber, 18-secondary nozzle, 19-heat source heat exchanger, A-air compressor, B-high temperature regenerator. Detailed implementation method:

[0037] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary, and obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0038] Figure 1 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0039] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature heater, a steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, and an injector. There is an external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1, and an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1. The internal combustion engine 1 also has a gas passage connected to the high-temperature heater 2 and the steam generator 3, and then connected to the outside. The compressor 4 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the heater 5. The heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the steam generator 3 via the booster pump 6. The heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the throttle valve 7. The internal combustion engine 1 then has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8. The steam generator 3 also has a steam passage connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8. The injector 8 also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 4. The high-temperature heater 2 and the heater 5 also have heated medium passages connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0040] (2) In terms of process, external air enters the internal combustion engine 1, and external fuel enters the internal combustion engine 1. The fuel and air complete a series of processes, including combustion and expansion, in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1. The exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the high-temperature heater 2 and the steam generator 3 and gradually releases heat before being discharged to the outside. The refrigerant vapor emitted by the compressor 4 enters the heater 5 to release heat and condense, and then splits into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to be pressurized and then enters the steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize; the second path flows through the throttle valve 7 to be depressurized and cooled before entering the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat and vaporize. The steam generated by the steam generator 3 is passed through the... High-pressure steam enters the injector 8 through the high-pressure steam inlet. The high-pressure steam flows through the nozzle, where it is depressurized and accelerated to form a low-pressure system. The refrigerant steam emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of the injector 8. After the two steam streams mix, they flow through the diffuser, where they are depressurized and accelerated to form medium-pressure refrigerant steam. The steam then enters the compressor 4, where it is pressurized and heated. The fuel provides the driving heat load through combustion. The air and gas carry away the emitted heat load through the inlet and outlet processes. The heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the high-temperature heater 2 and the heater 5, respectively. The mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 is used to power the compressor 4 and external components, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle thermal power system.

[0041] Figure 2 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0042] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a regenerator 9 is added. The condensate line of the heater 5 connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the throttle valve 7 is adjusted to connect the heater 5 to the internal combustion engine 1 via the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7. The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector 8 connected to the compressor 4 is adjusted to connect the injector 8 to the compressor 4 via the regenerator 9.

[0043] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat and cool down, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the injector 8 flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 4 to increase pressure and temperature, forming the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine.

[0044] Figure 3 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0045] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a regenerator 9 is added. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 after passing through the regenerator 9. The condensate pipeline of the heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 through the throttle valve 7. The condensate pipeline of the heater 5 is then connected to the internal combustion engine 1 after passing through the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7.

[0046] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat and cool down, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 8 through the low-pressure steam inlet to increase pressure and temperature, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0047] Figure 4 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0048] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine shown, a regenerator 9 and a second regenerator 10 are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8, which is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 after passing through the second regenerator 10. The condensate pipeline of the heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 through the throttle valve 7, which is adjusted so that the condensate pipeline of the heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 after passing through the regenerator 9, the second regenerator 10 and the throttle valve 7. The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector 8 is connected to the compressor 4, which is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector 8 is connected to the compressor 4 through the regenerator 9.

[0049] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 9 and the second regenerator 10 to gradually release heat and cool down, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 10 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 8 through the low-pressure steam inlet to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the injector 8 flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 4 to increase pressure and temperature, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0050] Figure 5 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0051] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the combined cycle cogeneration system shown, a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater are added. The compressor 4 is connected to the heater 5 via a refrigerant vapor passage. The compressor 4 is then connected to the second heater 12 via a refrigerant vapor passage, which is then split into two paths: the first path connects to the heater 5, and the second path connects to the expander 11. The expander 11 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the regenerator 9, which is then connected to the compressor 4 via an intermediate port. The heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via a condensate line through a throttle valve 7. The heater 5 is then connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via a fully condensed or partially condensed refrigerant medium line through the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7. The second heater 12 also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander 11 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0052] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system shown, the difference lies in the following: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 4 flows through the second heater 12 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path enters the heater 5 to release heat and then condenses completely or partially; the second path flows through the expander 11 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant medium discharged from the heater 5 is split into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to increase pressure and then enters the steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize; the second path flows through the regenerator 9 and releases heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat and vaporize; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 12, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 11 provides power to the compressor 4, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0053] Figure 6 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0054] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine shown, a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater are added. The regenerator vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1, which was previously connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8, is now connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via the second regenerator 10. The regenerator vapor passage of the compressor 4, which was previously connected to the heater 5, is now connected to the second heater 12 and then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the heater 5 and the second path connects to the expander 11. The expander 11 also has a regenerator vapor passage connected to the regenerator 9 and then connected to the compressor 4 via an intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater 5, which was previously connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via a throttle valve 7, is now connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via a pipeline containing either fully condensed or partially condensed regenerator medium, which is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the regenerator 9, the second regenerator 10, and the throttle valve 7. The second heater 12 also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander 11 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0055] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system shown, the difference lies in the following: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 4 flows through the second heater 12 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path enters the heater 5 to release heat and then condenses completely or partially; the second path flows through the expander 11 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant medium discharged from the heater 5 is split into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to increase pressure and then enters the steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize; the second path flows through the regenerator 9 and the second regenerator 10 and gradually releases heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 10 to absorb heat and heat up, and then enters the injector 8 to increase pressure and temperature; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 12, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 11 provides power to the compressor 4, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0056] Figure 7 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0057] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a two-phase expander 13 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7. The two-phase expander 13 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0058] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the two-phase expander 13 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 13 is provided to the compressor 4 to provide power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0059] Figure 8 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0060] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a nozzle 14 is added and the throttle valve 7 is replaced.

[0061] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0062] Figure 9The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0063] (1) Structurally, in Figure 6 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a nozzle 14 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, a dual-energy compressor 15 is added and replaces the compressor 4, and an expander speed increaser 16 is added and replaces the expander 11.

[0064] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 6 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate discharged from the second regenerator 10 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 10 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 8 to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the second heater 12 is divided into two paths - the first path enters the heater 5, and the second path flows through the expander speed increaser 18 to reduce pressure and do work and increase speed, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and enters the dual-energy compressor 17 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system.

[0065] Figure 10 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0066] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle thermal power system shown, an injection pipe and a steam distribution chamber are added. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the throttle valve 7 is adjusted so that the heater 5 has a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber 17 via the injection pipe 14. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 4 through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a condensate pipe connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the throttle valve 7.

[0067] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 17 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam separator 17 enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature, and the condensate discharged from the steam separator 17 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature before entering the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat for vaporization, thus forming the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine.

[0068] Figure 11 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0069] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a regenerator, a nozzle, and a steam distribution chamber are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 after passing through the regenerator 9. The condensate pipeline of the heater 5 connected to the internal combustion engine 1 through the throttle valve 7 is adjusted so that the heater 5 has a condensate pipeline connected to the steam distribution chamber 17 through the nozzle 14. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 4 through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the internal combustion engine 1 after passing through the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7.

[0070] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine shown, the difference lies in the following: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 17 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam separator 17 enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature; the condensate discharged from the steam separator 17 flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat and reduce temperature, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and reduce temperature, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 8 to increase pressure and increase temperature, thus forming the combined cycle cogeneration system of the internal combustion engine.

[0071] Figure 12 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0072] (1) Structurally, in Figure 11 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a second nozzle 18 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7.

[0073] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 11 Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the regenerator 9 flows through the second nozzle 18 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

[0074] Figure 13 The combined cycle cogeneration system shown in the diagram for internal combustion engines is implemented as follows:

[0075] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a heat source heat exchanger is added. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 through the throttle valve 7, and the internal combustion engine 1 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 through the refrigerant vapor channel. The system is adjusted so that the heater 5 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 and the heat source heat exchanger 19 through the throttle valve 7, and the heat source heat exchanger 19 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 through the refrigerant vapor channel. The heat source heat exchanger 19 also has a heat source medium channel that is connected to the outside.

[0076] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and the heat source heat exchanger 21 to gradually absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the injector 8 to increase pressure and temperature; the heat source medium provides medium-temperature heat load through the heat source heat exchanger 21 to form the combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine.

[0077] It should be noted that in practical applications, Figure 13 The case shown can present three scenarios: First, the mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 is used to power the compressor 4, thus forming a heat pump system; second, the mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 is used to power both the compressor 4 and external components, thus forming a combined heat and power system; third, the internal combustion engine 1 and external components jointly provide power to the compressor 4, thus forming a combined heat and power driven heat pump system.

[0078] Figure 14 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0079] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added. The external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine 1 is adjusted to connect the external air passage to the internal combustion engine 1 via the air compressor A and the high-temperature regenerator B. The internal combustion engine 1 gas passage connecting to the high-temperature heater 2 is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine 1 gas passage to the high-temperature heater 2 via the high-temperature regenerator B. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the air compressor A and transmits power.

[0080] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: external air flows through air compressor A to increase pressure and temperature, flows through high-temperature regenerator B to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters internal combustion engine 1; the gas emitted by internal combustion engine 1 flows through high-temperature regenerator B, high-temperature heater 2 and steam generator 3 to gradually release heat and cool down, and then is discharged to the outside; internal combustion engine 1 provides power to air compressor A, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0081] The combined cycle thermal power system for internal combustion engines proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0082] (1) New ideas and technologies for utilizing thermal difference heat were proposed.

[0083] (2) New technologies for the efficient and high-value utilization of high-quality fuels in heating and combined cooling and power generation are presented.

[0084] (3) Driven by thermal energy (temperature difference), it can efficiently realize combined heat and power supply.

[0085] (4) Obtain the cooling heat load of the internal combustion engine by constant temperature vaporization, ensure the cooling effect of the internal combustion engine, and realize the efficient utilization of the cooling heat load.

[0086] (5) The injector enables efficient utilization of the gas emission heat load and temperature increase of the low-temperature heat load, effectively reducing manufacturing costs.

[0087] (6) The compressor and the ejector jointly obtain the low temperature heat load, which is beneficial to improve the heating parameters or reduce the compressor's pressure boosting share.

[0088] (7) The combined heat and power supply has a wide range, and a single unit can supply multiple energy sources, making it highly economical.

[0089] (8) The technology is integrated, the process is reasonable, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the system economy is effectively improved.

[0090] (9) Provide reasonable regeneration technology to effectively improve the coordination of the device in terms of load, performance index, and pressure ratio.

[0091] (10) Provides a variety of specific technical solutions that can cope with many different actual situations, which is conducive to expanding the application scope and value of combined cycle thermal power supply system technology for internal combustion engines.

Claims

1. The combined cycle thermal power system of the internal combustion engine type is mainly composed of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature heater, a steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, and an injector; it has an external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), and the internal combustion engine (1) also has a gas passage connected to the high-temperature heater (2) and the steam generator (3) before being connected to the outside. The compressor (4) has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the heater (5), and the heater (5) also has a condensate pipeline connected to the steam generator (3) via the booster pump (6). The heat supply unit (5) and the condensate pipeline are connected to the internal combustion engine (1) via the throttle valve (7). The internal combustion engine (1) is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) via the refrigerant vapor channel. The steam generator (3) is also connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) via the steam channel. The injector (8) is also connected to the compressor (4) via the medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel. The high-temperature heat supply unit (2) and the heat supply unit (5) are also connected to the outside via the heated medium channel. The internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

2. The combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines is an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system as described in claim 1, wherein a regenerator (9) is added, the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7) and adjusted to the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector (8) is connected to the compressor (4) and adjusted to the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector (8) is connected to the compressor (4) through the regenerator (9), thereby forming an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system.

3. The combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines is an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system as described in claim 1, wherein a regenerator (9) is added, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) after passing through the regenerator (9), and the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7) is adjusted so that the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) after passing through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system.

4. The combined cycle thermal power supply system for internal combustion engines is an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator (9) and a second regenerator (10). The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) after passing through the second regenerator (10). The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7), and the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) after passing through the regenerator (9), the second regenerator (10), and the throttle valve (7). The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector (8) is connected to the compressor (4), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector (8) is connected to the compressor (4) through the regenerator (9), thus forming an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system.

5. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system according to claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The compressor (4) is connected to the heater (5) via a refrigerant vapor passage, and then the compressor (4) is connected to the second heater (12) via a refrigerant vapor passage, and then splits into two paths—the first path is connected to the heater (5) and the second path is connected to the expander (11). The expander (11) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the regenerator (5). 9) Then, the compressor (4) is connected through the intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7). The heater (5) is adjusted to have a refrigerant medium pipeline that is fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (12) also has a heated medium channel that is connected to the outside. The expander (11) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

6. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle cogeneration system according to claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) after passing through the second regenerator (10). The refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (4) is connected to the heater (5), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (4) is adjusted to connect to the second heater (12), then split into two paths—the first path connects to the heater (5) and... The second path connects to the expander (11), which also has a refrigerant vapor channel that connects to the regenerator (9) and then to the compressor (4) through the intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7) and adjusted so that the heater (5) has a refrigerant medium pipeline that is fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the regenerator (9), the second regenerator (10) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (12) also has a heated medium channel that is connected to the outside. The expander (11) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system is formed by adding a two-phase expander (13) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply systems described in claims 1-6. The two-phase expander (13) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

8. An internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system is formed by adding a nozzle (14) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply systems described in claims 1-6, thereby forming an internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system.

9. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermodynamic and power supply system is formed by adding a nozzle (14) to replace the throttle valve (7), adding a dual-energy compressor (15) to replace the compressor (4), and adding an expander speed increaser (16) to replace the expander (11) in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermodynamic and power supply systems described in claims 5-6, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermodynamic and power supply system.

10. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7), and the heater (5) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (17) through the nozzle (14). The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a condensate pipe connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

11. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) after passing through the regenerator (9). The heater (5) is adjusted so that the condensate pipeline connecting to the internal combustion engine (1) through the throttle valve (7) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (17) through the nozzle (14). The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a condensate pipeline connected to the internal combustion engine (1) after passing through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

12. An internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system is formed by adding a second nozzle (18) to the internal combustion engine combined cycle thermal power supply system described in claim 10 or claim 11 and replacing the throttle valve (7).

13. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system according to any one of claims 1-2 and 10, with the addition of a heat source heat exchanger. The heat supply unit (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) via a condensate pipeline through a throttle valve (7), and the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) via a refrigerant vapor channel. The system is adjusted so that the heat supply unit (5) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) and the heat source heat exchanger (19) via a condensate pipeline through a throttle valve (7), and the heat source heat exchanger (19) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) via a refrigerant vapor channel. The heat source heat exchanger (19) also has a heat source medium channel connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle thermal power supply system.

14. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system according to any one of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-13, wherein an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added, the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) through the air compressor (A) and the high-temperature regenerator (B) and the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the high-temperature heater (2) is adjusted to the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the high-temperature heater (2) through the high-temperature regenerator (B); the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the air compressor (A) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle combined heat and power system.

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