Low-friction sliding member

Abstract

The invention relates to a low friction sliding member. A sliding member having a sliding surface (14) is provided, the sliding surface (14) being coated with a paint (16) comprising a resin. The paint is in turn at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating (18). The lipophilic composition coating provides a sliding layer (19) with low friction on the sliding member.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application filed on September 7, 2016, with application number 201680058930.X and entitled "Low Friction Sliding Component". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to sliding members, such as slide bars or sliding portions, having a low-friction sliding layer. Furthermore, this invention relates to sliding systems including such sliding members. Such sliding systems can be used, for example, in sliding door assemblies, extendable tables, curtain hanging kits, and sliding drawer assemblies. Background Technology

[0003] Wardrobes with sliding doors are well known in the art (see, for example, DE 298 13 478). Typically, the doors are arranged with supporting ball bearings, for example, wheels rolling on a crossbar at the top of the door and a steering mechanism (e.g., a pin) at the bottom. Ball bearings function well but are slightly susceptible to dust. Furthermore, the starting and stopping resistance is very low (an inherent characteristic of ball bearings) if the door is to move easily. At the ends, this can be partially overcome by providing the wheels with a resting end position provided with, for example, a head or recess. However, this cannot overcome the low starting and stopping resistance at intermediate positions.

[0004] Sliding kitchen doors, which are lighter than wardrobe sliding doors, are typically not equipped with ball bearings; instead, they are mounted vertically in sliding grooves (i.e., linear sliding bearings). This works well for lighter doors, however, the sliding resistance can be quite high, especially initially. For heavier doors, such as wardrobe sliding doors, linear sliding bearings often provide excessively high sliding resistance for practical use, especially initially. Furthermore, such linear sliding bearings are sensitive to dust contamination, which significantly affects sliding resistance.

[0005] In addition, drawer chests can also be equipped with linear sliding bearings, such as a simple arrangement of grooves in the drawer frame to receive the strips arranged on the drawers. Drawer chests can also be equipped with more complex linear sliding bearings (see, for example, DE 102011 053 946). Nevertheless, a slight tilt of the drawer often causes it to jam in the chest.

[0006] Given its simplicity, a sliding component with very low friction is desirable. Such a sliding component can be used, for example, in wardrobe sliding doors. Furthermore, such a sliding component can also be used in other applications, such as in extendable tables, hanging curtain kits, and drawers in dressers. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the present invention seeks to alleviate, reduce, eliminate, or circumvent one or more of the aforementioned defects and disadvantages in the art, alone or in any combination, by providing a sliding member (e.g., a slide bar or sliding portion) having a sliding surface coated with a resin-containing varnish. The varnish is further at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating to provide a sliding layer with reduced friction. This provides a low-friction sliding member with effective functionality in many applications, including furniture applications such as sliding doors, drawers, tables, extendable bed frames, and extendable beds.

[0008] According to one embodiment, at least the sliding surface of the sliding member can be an aluminum surface. This provides effective support for the paint applied to the sliding surface. According to one embodiment, the aluminum surface has an anodized oxide surface layer on which the paint is applied. The anodized surface is hard and provides good adhesion for the paint applied thereon. The sliding member can be an aluminum member, such as an aluminum profile, preferably having an anodized oxide surface layer on which the paint is applied. As an example, the sliding member can be an aluminum profile that has been electrophoretically coated with an acrylic resin (preferably anion electrophoresis) and subsequently thermosetting to form a paint coating on the sliding surface. Preferably, the aluminum profile has an anodized oxide surface layer on which the paint is applied. Such anodized painted surfaces can be obtained using the Honny process or one of its derivatives. However, the thickness of the anodized oxide surface layer is preferably at least 5 micrometers, and the thickness of the paint applied to the slide bar is preferably 100 micrometers or less. The lipophilic composition coating typically contains compounds containing C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30) non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups (e.g., alkenyl and / or alkyl, such as alkyl).

[0009] According to another embodiment, the sliding surface of the sliding member is made of steel to which paint has been applied. Steel is a generally strong, hard, and relatively inexpensive material, which can be used as a starting material for the sliding member. The steel surface can be painted by electroplating or self-deposition to provide a paint layer with a uniform thickness.

[0010] According to another aspect, a sliding system is provided. The system includes a sliding member in the form of a linear slide bar according to any of the above embodiments, and at least one sliding member. The interface between the sliding layer of the slide bar and the sliding member forms a linear sliding bearing to allow the sliding member to move linearly along the longitudinal axis of the linear slide bar.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the portion of the sliding member to slide on the sliding layer can be configured as a blade extending in the sliding direction. Furthermore, the sliding layer can exist on a track extending along the longitudinal axis of the slide rod, such as in a groove or on a ridge. The sliding member includes at least one individual contact point that contacts the slide rod at the interface between the slide rod and the sliding member. The contact area of ​​each individual contact point can be less than 3 mm.2 Furthermore, the contact pressure at at least one contact point can be at least 4 N / mm. 2 .

[0012] According to another aspect, an alternative sliding system is provided. The alternative sliding system includes a sliding portion (a sliding member coated with a resin-containing varnish and further disposed thereon) arranged to slide along a linear sliding profile to form a linear sliding bearing, the sliding system further including at least one linear sliding profile. The interface between the sliding layer of the sliding portion and the linear sliding profile forms the linear sliding bearing to allow linear movement of the sliding portion along the longitudinal axis of the linear sliding profile. The linear sliding profile may be a plastic profile provided with at least one ridge extending along the longitudinal axis of the sliding profile. The sliding system is arranged such that the sliding layer of the sliding portion engages with the ridge when sliding on the linear sliding profile. According to one embodiment, the plastic profile is provided with a sliding channel for the sliding portion to slide into. As an example, the plastic profile may be U-shaped. Furthermore, at least one surface of the channel (e.g., the inner surface of the U-shaped profile) may be provided with a ridge extending along the longitudinal axis of the channel.

[0013] According to another aspect, the use of a lipophilic composition as a lubricant for an irreversible bond in the sliding surfaces of a sliding member is provided. The sliding surfaces are coated with a varnish containing a resin.

[0014] According to another aspect, a method for providing a sliding member is provided. The method includes the following steps:

[0015] - A component having a sliding surface coated with a resin-containing varnish is provided; and

[0016] - Coating at least a portion of the resin-containing varnish with a lipophilic composition to provide a sliding component.

[0017] Other advantageous features of the invention are set forth in the embodiments disclosed herein. Furthermore, advantageous features of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the above and other aspects, features, and advantages that the present invention can achieve will become apparent and will be elucidated from the following description of the invention, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-section of the sliding system according to the first embodiment is depicted;

[0020] Figure 2 Depicting Figure 1 The cross-section of the sliding component in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3A sliding system and its cross-section according to the second embodiment are depicted;

[0022] Figure 4 Depicting Figure 3 The sliding component of the second embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5a to Figure 5c A sliding part and a linear sliding profile according to a third embodiment are depicted, as well as a sliding system including the sliding part and the sliding profile and its cross-section.

[0024] Figure 6 An illustrative sliding door device is depicted;

[0025] Figure 7 The cross-section of the sliding system used for friction testing is depicted;

[0026] Figure 8 It shows the use of Figure 7 The arrangement of the sliding system for friction testing;

[0027] Figure 9a It is an isometric view of the first part of a sliding system for, for example, an extendable bed or an extendable bed frame, according to one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 9b yes Figure 9a Cross-sectional view of the portion shown;

[0029] Figure 10a It is an isometric view of the second part of the sliding system according to the same implementation scheme;

[0030] Figure 10b yes Figure 10a Cross-sectional view of the portion shown;

[0031] Figure 11a It is an isometric view of the third part of the sliding system according to the same implementation scheme;

[0032] Figure 11b yes Figure 11a The cross-sectional view of the portion shown; and

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of an extendable bed or extendable bed frame sliding system shown in its assembled state. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that coating a resin-coated surface (e.g., acrylic resin) with a lipophilic composition (e.g., sebum (natural or synthetic), coconut oil, or liquid paraffin) provides a sliding layer with extremely low friction (sliding resistance). The application of the lipophilic composition reduces kinetic friction by up to 75%. Furthermore, even more unexpectedly, this effect is not temporary but appears to be permanent or at least long-lasting. Therefore, the need for replenishing lubricant is eliminated.

[0035] In experiments using aluminum profiles coated with anionic electrophoretic coating of acrylic resins and subsequently thermosetting to form a varnish (see the Honny process originally disclosed in GB 1,126,855), where the varnish coating of the aluminum profiles was coated with sebum, the friction remained virtually unchanged after more than 70,000 test cycles of a sliding door reciprocating along the profiles. This number of cycles far exceeds the expected lifespan. Furthermore, washing the coated aluminum profiles with water / detergent, ethanol, and / or isopropanol did not affect the friction. Without being bound by any theory, it appears that the sebum coating provides an irreversibly bonded lubricating layer on top of the varnish containing acrylic resins. Moreover, the varnish appears to be important in providing low friction.

[0036] According to one embodiment, a sliding member, such as a slide bar 10, is thus provided having a sliding surface 14 coated with a resin-containing varnish 16. The varnish is further at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating 18 to provide a sliding layer 19 with reduced friction. By applying the varnish, sliding friction is not merely temporarily reduced, but rather a long-term low sliding friction is achieved. As already explained, the lubricating coating can be permanent, eliminating the need for replenishment. Furthermore, very small amounts of the lipophilic composition are required to provide the reduced friction. Therefore, contamination of the lubricating coating does not cause any significant problems because the coating does not have significant adhesive properties due to its very low presence. This contrasts with the normal use of lubricants in sliding bearings. Furthermore, it has been shown that exposure to contaminants (e.g., dust) does not affect the reduced friction. The lubricating coating is also insensitive to washing. Wiping the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) with a dry and / or damp cloth does not affect the reduced friction. These properties make the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) ideal for use in systems for sliding wardrobe doors, extendable tables, drawer cabinets, hanging curtains, and similar applications.

[0037] According to one implementation scheme, the sliding member is Figures 1 to 3 The slide bar 10 is depicted.

[0038] Such a small amount of lipophilic composition coating 18 is required so that the lipophilic composition can be applied to the sliding member 20 instead of the slide bar 10. When sliding on the slide bar 10, the lipophilic composition will be transferred to the slide bar 10 to provide the lipophilic composition coating 18. Therefore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 can be applied to the slide bar 10, the sliding member 20, or both.

[0039] according to Figure 5a to Figure 5c In the alternative embodiment described above, the sliding member is a sliding portion 110 that has the same characteristics as described above. Figure 1 The sliding layer 19, similarly composed of sliding layers, is arranged to slide along the longitudinal axis of the linear sliding profile 120 (e.g., a plastic profile) to form a linear sliding bearing. According to one embodiment, at least the sliding surface of the sliding portion 110 (similar to...) Figure 1 The sliding surface 14 can preferably be an aluminum surface having an anodized oxide surface layer thereon coated with paint. The thickness of the anodized oxide surface layer is preferably at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers. Furthermore, the thickness of the anodized layer (if present) can be less than 250 micrometers, for example less than 100 micrometers or less than 50 micrometers. The sliding portion according to such an alternative embodiment (one example of which is described in…) Figures 5a to 5c (Medium) is not ideally suited for supporting heavy sliding doors. However, it is considered very suitable for sliding systems such as extendable tables and drawers.

[0040] While the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) is preferably an aluminum member with an aluminum oxide layer, such as a linear aluminum profile, other materials coated with a resin-containing paint are also considered. To allow for long-term use and load bearing, the sliding member is typically made of a hard material (e.g., metal or glass). In particular, the surface of the sliding member should preferably be hard. The Vickers hardness of the material used to manufacture the sliding member can be at least 50 MPa, preferably at least 100 MPa, more preferably at least 150 MPa, and most preferably at least 300 MPa. According to one embodiment, the sliding member is a metallic member, such as an aluminum member or a steel member. In such embodiments, the member is made of metal. While aluminum members with an oxide layer are preferred, unprocessed (i.e., unoxidized) painted aluminum members can also be used. However, it is preferred that the surface of the aluminum member is oxidized to provide a hard oxide surface layer to the aluminum member.

[0041] The sliding component (e.g., slide bar 10) can be an aluminum component. Furthermore, the surface of the painted aluminum component can be an aluminum oxide layer. The thickness of such an oxide layer can be at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers. Additionally, the thickness of the oxide layer can be less than 250 micrometers, for example less than 100 micrometers or less than 50 micrometers. As is known in the art, the durability and hardness of the aluminum profile surface can be improved by oxidation due to the properties of aluminum oxide. The oxide layer initially provided by anodizing is porous. Although the pores can be closed by steam treatment, sealing the porous aluminum oxide layer is more effective by anionic electrophoretic coating with an acrylic resin followed by thermosetting to form a varnish: this method, first disclosed by Honny Chemicals Co. Ltd. (see GB 1,126,855), is commonly referred to as the Honny process.

[0042] Furthermore, compared to plastic slide bars, rigid slide bars (such as aluminum or steel bars) can withstand heavier loads while still providing low friction. Therefore, this slide bar 10 can also be used in sliding drawers.

[0043] Furthermore, it has been found that the relatively high contact pressure between the slide bar 10 and the sliding member 20 reduces friction. For this reason, it is advantageous to manufacture the slide bar 10 from a hard material such as aluminum or steel, as such materials can withstand higher contact pressures, thereby reducing friction.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the low-friction slide bar 10 is a linear aluminum profile. Preferably, the linear aluminum profile is oxidized (e.g., anodized) to increase surface hardness. The profile is typically anionicly electrophoretically coated with an acrylic resin followed by thermosetting, thereby providing a linear slide bar 10 with a painted sliding surface 14. The aluminum profile may be anodized prior to the application of the paint resin to obtain an anodized layer thickness of at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers. Furthermore, the thickness of the anodized layer may be less than 250 micrometers, for example less than 100 micrometers or less than 50 micrometers. Such a profile can be obtained by the Honny process (see above) or one of its derivatives. Typically, the Honny process is used to provide white, glossy profiles. However, neither the Honny process nor embodiments of the present invention are limited to white profiles. A preferred feature is that the paint is suitable for application with a lipophilic composition coating 18.

[0045] As is known in the art, various resins (e.g., thermosetting resins) can be used to paint aluminum rods and other rods, i.e., to form a paint on aluminum rods and other rods. Furthermore, thermosetting resins can also be used to paint other metal components (e.g., sliding components made of steel). The paint contains a resin. As known to those skilled in the art, the paint is a hard, thin coating. The resin of the paint used for this application preferably contains polar groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, cyano (nitrile), halide, sulfide, urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups. Furthermore, the resin of the paint can be a thermosetting resin.

[0046] Examples of resins used for painting metals include acrylic resins and polyurethane resins. According to one embodiment, the resin is an acrylic resin, such as acrylate resin, acrylamide resin, methacrylate resin, or methyl methacrylate resin, or mixtures thereof. According to another embodiment, the resin is a polyurethane resin. Acrylic resins can be thermosetting resins.

[0047] According to another embodiment, the resin of the paint is selected from: acrylic resins, acrylate resins, acrylamide resins, methacrylate resins, methyl methacrylate resins, acrylonitrile resins, styrene-acrylonitrile resins, acrylonitrile-styrene acrylate resins, reaction products or mechanical mixtures of alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, reaction products or mechanical mixtures of vinyl-modified unsaturated alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, and polymers and mixtures of one or more of these resins.

[0048] Furthermore, thermosetting resins may include reaction products or mechanical mixtures of alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, or reaction products or mechanical mixtures of vinyl-modified unsaturated alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, wherein the water-soluble melamine resin is obtained from hexamethylol melamine hexaalkyl ether. Vinyl-modified unsaturated alkyd resins may be prepared by polymerization of vinyl monomers with alkyd resins composed of unsaturated oils or fatty acids. As known to those skilled in the art, the term "vinyl monomer" refers to monomers having a vinyl group (-CH=CH2) in their molecule, such as acrylates, like methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; methacrylates, like methyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate; unsaturated organic acids, such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid; and styrene.

[0049] Methods for obtaining thermosetting acrylic resins are well known to those skilled in the art. As an example, it can be obtained by heating and stirring a mixture comprising: an organic solvent, such as methanol, ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether, and / or cyclohexanone; an unsaturated organic acid, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and / or maleic anhydride; a crosslinking vinyl monomer (as defined above), such as hydroxymethyl acrylamide and / or hydroxymethyl methacrylamide; a polymerizable vinyl monomer, such as styrene and / or acrylates; a polymerization catalyst, such as benzoyl peroxide and / or lauroyl peroxide; and a polymerization modifier, such as dodecyl mercaptan and / or carbon tetrachloride, followed by neutralization of the product with an aqueous solution of, for example, ammonia and / or triethylamine to make the resin soluble in water. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, thermosetting resins consisting of alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins (which may be obtained from hexamethylolmelamine hexaalkyl ether) can be obtained by mixing water-soluble melamine resins with fatty acid-modified alkyd resins at temperatures from room temperature to 100°C, the alkyd resins having an acid value of 10 to 80 and obtained by heating a mixture of: (1) saturated or unsaturated aliphatic acids; (2) ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, other polyols, or epoxides; (3) adipic acid, sebacic acid, maleic anhydride, or other polyacids or anhydrides; and (4) small amounts of cyclohexanone, toluene, or other organic solvents. Thermosetting resins can also be obtained by mixing water-soluble melamine resins with alkyd resins from an esterification process, the resins being obtained by esterifying a mixture of dehydrated castor oil, the aforementioned polyols, and a small amount of an esterification catalyst (e.g., caustic soda), followed by esterification of the aforementioned polyacids or anhydrides. As further known to those skilled in the art, thermosetting resins composed of modified acrylic resins and water-soluble melamine resins (obtained from hexamethylolmelamine hexaalkyl ether) can be obtained by polymerization of a mixture consisting of: organic solvents, such as methanol, ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether, and / or cyclohexanone; unsaturated acids, such as acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid; vinyl monomers (as defined above), such as styrene and / or acrylates; and crosslinking vinyl monomers (if necessary), typically using, for example, hydroxymethyl. Good results can be obtained by using resin concentrations from 5% to 20% by weight and by adjusting the voltage and initial current density within a safe and economical range.

[0050] As is known to those skilled in the art, other resins for coating metal surfaces are known in the art. As an example, the resin for the paint can be selected from cationic epoxy electrophoretic paints, epoxy and polyester resins, and polyester resins. Furthermore, paints suitable for self-deposition coating (e.g., Autophoretic, available from Henkel AG, DE) are also suitable. TMCoatings (such as Aquence™ Autophoretic® 866™ and BONDERITE® M-PP 930™, the latter being an epoxy-urethane) can also be used to paint surfaces containing iron.

[0051] The sliding surface 14 can be coated by electrocoating, which involves immersing the sliding member in a bath containing paint and applying an electric field to deposit the paint onto the sliding member, which acts as one of the electrodes. Furthermore, the paint can be provided in powder or liquid form. Both powder paint and liquid paint can be sprayed onto the sliding surface 14 to coat it. For powder paint, electrostatic coating can be used. For liquid paint, it can be applied by wet spraying or in a bath. In addition to electrocoating, liquid paint in a bath can also be applied by self-deposition.

[0052] To provide low friction, the paint thickness should be as uniform as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the paint by electrocoating methods, such as anion electrophoretic coating (see Honny method) or cationic electrophoretic coating, to provide a very uniform coating. There are two types of electrocoating: anodic electrocoating and cathodic electrocoating. While the anodic method was first commercially developed, the cathodic method is now more widely used. In the anodic method, a negatively charged material is deposited onto a positively charged component constituting the anode. In the cathodic method, a positively charged material is deposited onto a negatively charged component constituting the cathode. In the art, cathodic electrocoating is also referred to as cathodic dip coating (CDP), cathodic dip coating, cationic electrophoretic coating, cationic electrophoresis, and cathodic electrodeposition. Furthermore, electrocoating methods can also be referred to by the trade names of the bath materials used. Examples include Cathoguard (BASF), CorMax (DuPont), Powercron (PPG), and Freiotherm (PPG). Additionally, electrostatic coating by powder paint or self-deposition in a bath also provides a uniform coating and can therefore be used.

[0053] Self-deposition can be used when painting steel surfaces. As recognized by those skilled in the art, one of the important steps in self-deposition is the coating bath itself, which combines a low-solids (typically about 4% to 8% by weight) water-based paint emulsion with two other products. Acidified ferric iron (Fe3+) 3+ The fluoride-based "starting" solution initiates the coating reaction, and the oxidation products stabilize the metal ions in the solution. The coating emulsion is stable in the presence of ferric ions, but stable in the presence of ferrous ions (Fe²⁺). 2+In the presence of ferrous ions, the material is unstable. Therefore, if ferrous ions are released from the metal matrix, localized coating deposition will occur on the surface. Immersing components made of ferrous metals (such as steel) in a self-deposition bath creates an acidic environment that releases ferrous ions, thereby causing coating emulsion deposition and forming monolayer coating particles. Henkel Adhesive Technologies (USA) / / Henkel AG & Co. KGaA (Germany) provides coatings under the trademark BONDERITE® for self-deposition.

[0054] Since the paint applied to the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) is generally more compressible than the material of the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) itself, and since the load-bearing sliding member exerts pressure on the paint as it slides on the slide bar 10, the paint thickness is preferably kept thin to reduce its compression. Compressed paint can negatively affect sliding resistance; especially at the beginning of the sliding process, i.e., when the sliding member begins to move along the slide bar 10 from a previous stationary state.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the thickness of the paint applied to the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) is therefore 100 μm or less, preferably 75 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less. Furthermore, the thickness of the paint applied to the sliding member (e.g., slide bar 10) can be from 5 μm to 75 μm, for example, from 10 μm to 50 μm, or from 15 μm to 40 μm. It has been found that layers of these thicknesses provide effective sliding behavior, even when the sliding member begins to move along the slide bar 10.

[0056] Not only is the low dynamic friction provided by the sliding member of the present invention beneficial in terms of sliding behavior, but the small difference between static and dynamic friction provided by the sliding member of the present invention is also advantageous.

[0057] To reduce friction in sliding components (e.g., slider 10), the sliding components (e.g., slider 10) are at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating 18 to provide a sliding layer 19. Furthermore, while the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain various components, the composition typically includes components with medium to long carbon chains (e.g., carbon chains with a carbon atom length of C6 or longer (e.g., C8 or longer)). Therefore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 may contain compounds containing non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups of C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30 or even C10 to C24). Typical examples of such non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups are alkenyl and alkyl, such as alkyl groups. Examples of compounds containing such non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups are:

[0058] - C6 to C40 non-aromatic hydrocarbons, such as alkenes and / or alkanes, such as alkanes;

[0059] - Triglycerides, such as triglycerides containing C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30) non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups; and

[0060] - Fatty acids, such as C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30) carboxylic acids and their esters, such as alkyl esters of fatty acids, like methyl esters.

[0061] As is known to those skilled in the art and as is acknowledged in the IUPAC Gold Book (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Compendium of Chemical Terminology - Gold Book, version 2.3.3, February 24, 2014):

[0062] - hydrocarbon This refers to compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen.

[0063] - hydrocarbon group This indicates a monovalent group formed by removing hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon;

[0064] - Alkanes Indicates having the general formula C n H 2n+2 Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons;

[0065] - Olefins This refers to acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds;

[0066] - alkyl –C represents the monovalent group derived from alkanes by removing a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom. n H 2n+1 ;

[0067] - alkenyl This refers to a monovalent group derived from an olefin by removing a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom;

[0068] - Fatty acids represent aliphatic monocarboxylic acids;

[0069] - Triglycerides represent esters (tri-O-acylglycerols) of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) and three fatty acids; and

[0070] - Non-aromatic compounds are compounds that do not contain any cyclic conjugated molecular entities that have increased stability due to delocalization.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains at least 1% by weight, for example, at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight of a compound containing C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30) alkyl groups. Therefore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 may contain at least 1% by weight, for example, at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight of C6 to C40 (e.g., C8 to C30) olefins and / or alkanes (e.g., alkanes). Furthermore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain at least 1% by weight, for example, at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight of triglycerides and / or fatty acids (or alkyl esters thereof).

[0072] While fatty acids have been found to improve the lubrication of alkane mixtures (e.g., liquid paraffin), they are not very effective when used alone. Therefore, it is preferable that the lipophilic composition present in paints does not consist solely of fatty acids. Thus, the lipophilic composition present in paints may contain less than 99% by weight of fatty acids, for example, less than 95% by weight. However, lipophilic compositions that essentially contain only triglycerides (e.g., coconut oil) provide very low friction and therefore represent the preferred lipophilic composition present in paints.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains at least 1% by weight, for example at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight of olefins and / or alkanes (e.g., alkanes), and 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight, for example 1% by weight to 40% by weight or 5% by weight to 30% by weight of triglycerides and / or fatty acids.

[0074] According to another embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains a total of at least 1% by weight, for example at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, or at least 90% by weight of triglycerides and / or fatty acids, and 0.1% by weight to 95% by weight, for example 1% by weight to 90% by weight or 5% by weight to 60% by weight of olefins and / or alkanes (e.g., alkanes).

[0075] As previously mentioned, typical examples of compounds containing C6 to C40 non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups are triglycerides and fatty acids. According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on a paint contains triglycerides and / or fatty acids. Therefore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 may contain a total of more than 25% by weight, for example, more than 50% by weight, such as 50% to 100% by weight, or 75% to 95% by weight, of triglycerides and fatty acids. Triglycerides and / or fatty acids may be used as a major component in the lipophilic composition coating 18 or as an additive.

[0076] If used as a major component, the lipophilic composition present on the paint coating may contain more than 50% by weight, for example, 50% to 100% by weight, or 75% to 95% by weight, of triglycerides, such as triglycerides whose at least 90% by weight consists of glycerol residues and three residues of hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid (e.g., three residues of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid). According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains coconut oil, for example, at least 25% by weight, such as at least 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight. The coconut oil contains triglycerides composed of fatty acids (which are highly saturated fatty acids). The coconut oil may be hydrogenated to varying degrees to further reduce the amount of unsaturated fatty acid residues. Furthermore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain more than 50% by weight, for example, 50% to 100% by weight, or 75% to 95% by weight, of fatty acids, such as hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid. Additionally, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain more than 50% by weight, for example, 50% to 100% by weight, or 75% to 95% by weight, of alkyl esters of fatty acids, such as methyl esters or ethyl esters. The esterified fatty acids may be hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid.

[0077] If used as an additive, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain 0.1% to 50% by weight, for example, 1% to 30% by weight or 5% to 15% by weight of triglycerides, such as triglycerides whose at least 90% are composed of glycerol residues and three residues of hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid (e.g., three residues of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid). A preferred example of a composition for providing the lipophilic composition coating 18 containing triglycerides is coconut oil. According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains coconut oil, for example, 0.1% to 50% by weight, such as 1% to 30% by weight or 5% to 15% by weight of coconut oil. According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint contains at least 50% by weight of coconut oil, for example, at least 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or at least 90% by weight of coconut oil. The coconut oil contains triglycerides composed of fatty acids (which are highly saturated fatty acids). The coconut oil may be hydrogenated to varying degrees to further reduce the amount of unsaturated fatty acid residues. Furthermore, the lipophilic composition present on the paint may contain 0.1% to 50% by weight, for example, 1% to 30% by weight or 5% to 15% by weight of fatty acids, such as caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid. Additionally, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain 0.1% to 50% by weight, for example, 1% to 30% by weight or 5% to 15% by weight of alkyl esters of fatty acids, such as methyl esters or ethyl esters. Esterified fatty acids can be hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and / or arachidic acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and / or stearic acid.

[0078] Both saturated and unsaturated compounds containing C6 to C40 non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups are well known in the art. While both types of compounds are effective in reducing sliding resistance, saturated compounds containing C6 to C40 non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups are considered less sensitive to oxidative degradation. Therefore, compounds containing C6 to C40 non-aromatic hydrocarbon groups (triglycerides and / or saturated fatty acids composed of saturated fatty acid residues) are preferred in the composition. However, the use of 100% saturated fatty acids and / or triglycerides may not be necessary. For example, coconut oil is envisioned to have sufficient long-term stability, although saturated fatty acids and / or triglycerides are preferred in terms of their long-term stability.

[0079] As previously described, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain at least 1% by weight of C6 to C40 alkanes. As an example, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may therefore contain mineral oil, for example, at least 1% by weight, such as at least 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or at least 90% by weight. Mineral oil is a colorless, odorless, light mixture of higher alkanes from non-plant (mineral) sources. Furthermore, the lipophilic composition present on the paint coating may contain liquid paraffin, for example, at least 1% by weight, such as at least 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or at least 90% by weight. Liquid paraffin (also known as paraffin oil) is a highly refined mineral oil used for cosmetic and medical purposes. The preferred form is the one with CAS number 8012-95-1. Furthermore, the lipophilic composition coating 18 present on the paint may contain petrolatum (also known as petrolatum, white petrolatum, soft paraffin, or polyhydrocarbons), for example at least 1% by weight, such as at least 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 25% by weight, 50% by weight, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight. The petrolatum is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons (with a carbon number substantially greater than 25). The preferred form is the one with CAS number 8009-03-8.

[0080] Another embodiment of the invention (see Figure 1 and 3 The present invention relates to a sliding system 1, comprising a disclosed slide bar 10 and at least one sliding member 20. The slide bar 10 is typically linear, such as a linear aluminum profile. A linear sliding bearing is provided by arranging the interface between the sliding layer 19 of the slide bar 10 and the sliding member 20 into a sliding contact. The sliding member 20 is arranged to allow linear movement along the longitudinal axis of the linear slide bar 10 as it slides on the sliding layer 19. Furthermore, the slide bar 10 may be provided with a track, in this embodiment having the form of a groove 11 extending along the longitudinal axis of the slide bar 10 and defining a sliding direction along the longitudinal axis of the slide bar 10. When the slide bar 10 is provided with the groove 11, the sliding layer 19 is at least present in the groove 11.

[0081] When the sliding member 20 slides along the slide bar 10, it may have, for example, a groove (an example of such a groove 11 is shown in...). Figure 1 The track in the form of a ridge or a middle section improves control over the lateral position of the sliding member 20 relative to the slide bar 10.

[0082] Figure 1The enlarged detail shows how the sliding member 10, made of aluminum in this embodiment, has a sliding surface 14. The sliding surface 14 is coated with a resin-containing varnish 16. The resin-containing varnish 16 is further coated with a lipophilic composition coating 18. This forms a sliding layer 19. The sliding member 20 can slide on this sliding layer 19 with very low friction.

[0083] In addition, such as Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the portion of the sliding member 20 arranged to contact the sliding layer 19 can be configured as a blade-shaped portion 21 extending in the sliding direction. Surprisingly, reducing the contact area at the interface between the slide rod 10 and the sliding member 20 reduces friction. Typically, the risk of bearing jamming increases with decreasing contact area. To provide the sliding system 1, the sliding member 20 includes at least one contact point that contacts the slide rod 10 at the interface between the slide rod 10 and the sliding member 20. According to one embodiment, the contact area of ​​each individual contact point is less than 3 mm. 2 For example, less than 1.5 mm 2 or less than 0.75mm 2 The sliding member may also have more than one contact point, such as two, three or four contact points. For example, if the sliding member is provided with a blade-shaped portion 21 extending in the sliding direction, the edge of the blade-shaped portion 21 represents a single contact point.

[0084] It has been found that friction decreases when the contact pressure between the sliding member and the slide bar is relatively high. Contact pressure is calculated by dividing the load borne by each individual contact point by the contact area of ​​that point. For example, if the total weight of the sliding door is 8.5 kg, this means the total load is 83.3 N. Sliding doors can be constructed from... Figure 2 The design shown uses two sliding members 20 for support. Each sliding member 20 has four contact points, namely... Figure 2 The edges of the knife-shaped portions 21, 22, and 23 have an area of ​​0.675 mm for each such contact point. 2 Therefore, the contact pressure is: 83.3 N / (2×4×0.675 mm). 2 =15.4 N / mm 2 Preferably, the contact pressure at the at least one contact point is at least 4 N / mm. 2 More preferably at least 8 N / mm 2 For example, at least 12 N / mm 2 Preferably, the contact pressure is lower than the yield strain (= yield strength) of the material used to manufacture the sliding member 20.

[0085] To provide low friction, at least the portion of the sliding member 20 that contacts the sliding layer 19 is preferably made of a plastic containing a polymer (e.g., a polymer containing polar groups). Examples of such polar groups include hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, halide, sulfide, cyano (nitrile), urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups.

[0086] The polymer can be selected from: polyoxymethylene (POM); polyesters (e.g., thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polylactic acid (PLA), and bio-based thermoplastic polyesters such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyethylene furanoate (PEF)); polyamide (PA); polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK, e.g., polyether ether ketone (PEEK)); and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Furthermore, not only the portion of the sliding member 20 in contact with the sliding layer 19 can be made of polymer, but the entire sliding member 20 can also be made of polymer. Therefore, the sliding member can be made of a plastic containing a polymer. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the plastic may also contain other additives, such as fillers, colorants, and / or plasticizers. Furthermore, the sliding member 20 may be made of a composite material containing a polymer (such as one of the polymers listed above) and filled with particles and / or fibers. The particles and / or fibers will increase the hardness, stiffness, creep resistance, and yield elongation (compression ratio) of the sliding member 20. Although they do not affect friction, the presence of particles and / or fibers can affect wear. Therefore, the use of particles and / or fibers in plastics is less preferred.

[0087] According to an implementation plan (see...) Figure 2 The sliding member 20 may be provided with two parallel shifting blade-shaped portions 21, 22 to prevent rotation along the sliding axis. Furthermore, the slide rod 10 may be provided with two parallel grooves 11, 12 arranged on each side along its longitudinal sliding axis. The parallel grooves 11, 12 will support and guide these two parallel blade-shaped portions 21, 22 of the sliding member (see...). Figure 1 Furthermore, a sliding rod with two parallel grooves 11, 11 supporting two separate sliding members 20 is arranged to support a sliding system for more than one sliding door (see [link]). Figure 3 This is preferred because only one slide bar is needed. Furthermore, the sliding member 20 may be provided with two or more parallel blade-shaped portions 21, 23 arranged along the same longitudinal axis (see...). Figure 2 and 4The sliding member 20 may be provided with two parallel blade-shaped portions 21, 23 adapted to travel in the same groove 11, regardless of whether there are parallel displacement blade-shaped portions 21, 22 adapted to travel in the two parallel grooves 11, 12.

[0088] The sliding system 1 can be used to support the sliding door 30 connected to the sliding member 20. Therefore, the sliding member 20 may be provided with a fastening device 28 for connecting the sliding member 20 to the sliding door 30, such as a hole, pin, etc.

[0089] Another embodiment of the invention (see FIG. 5) relates to an alternative sliding system 1, which includes a linear sliding profile 120 and a sliding member, said sliding member being a sliding portion 110 arranged to slide along the longitudinal axis of the linear sliding profile 120 to form a linear sliding bearing. The sliding layer of the sliding portion 110 (similar to...) Figure 1 The interface between the sliding layer 19 (shown) and the linear sliding profile forms a linear sliding bearing to allow the sliding portion 110 to slide linearly along the longitudinal axis of the linear sliding profile 120. According to such an embodiment, the linear sliding profile 120 may be a plastic profile provided with at least one ridge 121a to 121e extending along the longitudinal axis of the profile. The plastic profile may be provided with a sliding channel 125 for the sliding portion 110 to slide into. At least one surface of the channel 125 may be provided with ridges 121a to 121e extending along the longitudinal axis of the channel 125. As an example, the plastic profile 120 may be U-shaped, with at least one of its inner surfaces provided with a ridge extending along the longitudinal axis of the slide bar. The plastic profile 120 may be mounted within a support member 150, such as a metal rod, to improve the mechanical strength of the plastic profile. Furthermore, other surfaces of the channel 125 may also be provided with ridges 121a to 121e extending along the longitudinal axis of the channel. More than one inner side of the U-shaped plastic profile may be provided with ridges 121a to 121e extending along the longitudinal axis of the profile 120. The sliding system is arranged such that the sliding layer 19 of the sliding portion 110 engages with the ridges 121a to 121e when sliding on the linear sliding profile 120. A portion of the sliding portion 110 may be arranged to fit into the sliding channel 125 and engage with the ridges 121a to 121e when sliding within the channel (see...). Figure 5c This part may have a cross-section that corresponds in general shape, rather than in size, to the cross-section excluding the channels 121a to 121e. The plastic profile and its ridges 121a to 121e may then be used to guide the sliding part 110.

[0090] As previously mentioned, it was unexpectedly found that reducing the contact area at the interface between the two parts of the linear bearing reduced friction. Friction is generally expected to increase with decreasing contact area. Furthermore, the risk of bearing seizure typically increases with decreasing contact area. To provide a sliding system, the linear sliding profile 120 includes at least one contact point at the interface between the linear sliding profile 120 and the sliding portion 110 that contacts the sliding portion 110. According to one embodiment, the contact area of ​​each individual contact point is less than 3 mm. 2 For example, less than 1.5 mm 2 or less than 0.75 mm 2 The linear sliding profile 120 may also have more than one contact point, such as two, three, or four contact points. If the linear sliding profile has ridges 121a to 121e extending along the sliding direction, then their edges, or more precisely, the edge portions that contact the sliding portion in some cases, represent contact points.

[0091] It has been found that friction is lower when the contact pressure between the sliding portion 110 and the linear sliding profile rod 120 is relatively high. The contact pressure is calculated by dividing the load borne by each individual contact point by the contact area of ​​that point. Preferably, the contact pressure at at least one contact point is at least 4 N / mm². 2 More preferably at least 8 N / mm 2 For example, at least 12 N / mm 2 Preferably, the contact pressure is lower than the yield strain (= yield strength) of the material used to manufacture the linear sliding profile 120.

[0092] To provide low friction, at least the portion of the linear sliding profile 120 that contacts the sliding layer 19 of the sliding portion 110 is preferably made of a plastic containing a polymer (e.g., a polymer containing polar groups). Examples of such polar groups include hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, halide, sulfide, cyano (nitrile), urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups.

[0093] The polymer can be selected from: polyoxymethylene (POM); polyesters (e.g., thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polylactic acid (PLA), and bio-based thermoplastic polyesters such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyethylene furanate (PEF)); polyamides (PA); polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); polyaryl ether ketones (PAEK, such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK)); and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). According to one embodiment, not only the portion of the linear sliding profile 120 in contact with the sliding layer 19 is made of polymer, but the entire linear sliding profile 120 is also made of polymer. Therefore, the linear sliding profile 120 can be integrally made of a plastic containing a polymer. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the plastic may also contain other additives, such as fillers, colorants, and / or plasticizers. Furthermore, the linear sliding profile 120 may be made of a composite material containing a polymer (such as one of the polymers listed above) and filled with particles and / or fibers. The particles and / or fibers will increase the hardness, stiffness, creep resistance, and yield elongation (compression ratio) of the linear sliding profile. Although they do not affect friction, the presence of particles and / or fibers can still affect wear. Therefore, the use of particles and / or fibers in plastics is less preferred. Another embodiment of the invention relates to... Figure 6 The diagram schematically depicts a sliding door assembly 2, such as a sliding door assembly for a wardrobe. Such an assembly 2 includes the disclosed sliding system 1 and a sliding door 30. One, often two, or three sliding members 20 are arranged to support the sliding door 30 to allow linear movement of the sliding door 30 along the longitudinal axis of a linear guide 10. The sliding door 30 is typically connected to the sliding member 20 supporting the door. The guide 10 can be arranged horizontally in use, with the sliding layer 19 facing upwards to support the sliding member 20. Since the sliding member 20 can be arranged to slide horizontally on the guide 10, the sliding door 30 can move along the horizontal axis of the linear guide 10. The sliding door (e.g., the sliding door 30 for a wardrobe) is typically arranged to be suspended on the linear guide 10.

[0094] However, the sliding door 30 can also be mounted upright on the linear slide bar 10. Smaller doors (e.g., cabinet doors) are examples of doors that can be mounted upright on the linear slide bar 10. Furthermore, the sliding door 30 mounted upright on the linear slide bar 10 may not necessarily extend in the vertical plane, but may be slightly inclined relative to the vertical plane, as is known with cabinet doors. However, larger doors can also be mounted upright on the linear slide bar 10, taking into account the low friction provided by the sliding system of the present invention.

[0095] Furthermore, according to one embodiment, a method for providing a sliding member is provided. In such a method, a member having a sliding surface 14 is provided, the sliding surface 14 being coated with a varnish 16 comprising a resin. To provide a member with reduced friction, the varnish is at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating 18. Aspects of the member, the varnish, and the lipophilic composition coating 18 have been described above and can also be applied to this embodiment. When applying the lipophilic composition to provide the lipophilic composition coating 18, the lipophilic composition may first be heated (e.g., melted) to reduce its viscosity. Alternatively, the lipophilic composition may be dissolved in a solvent to facilitate application. The lipophilic composition, which is liquid at room temperature, may also be applied directly. After application, any such solvent may be at least partially evaporated. The lipophilic composition providing the lipophilic composition coating 18 can be applied in various ways, such as by spraying, smearing, brushing, coating, etc.

[0096] According to one embodiment, the lipophilic composition is applied by the end consumer. Therefore, a sliding member, sliding system, or device including a sliding member can be supplied together with the lipophilic composition to be applied by the end consumer, i.e., before it is painted at the time of delivery.

[0097] Similarly, another embodiment relates to the use of such a lipophilic composition as a lubricant for an irreversibly bonded sliding surface 14 of a sliding member. According to one embodiment, "irreversibly bonded lubricant" means that the lubricant does not remove from the sliding surface 14 during normal operation of the sliding system and cannot be easily removed by mechanical means, for example, it cannot be removed by wiping the sliding surface 14 with a cloth. As described herein, the sliding surface of the sliding member is coated with a varnish 16 comprising a resin. Aspects of the member, the varnish, and the lipophilic composition coating 18 have been provided above and can also be applied to this embodiment.

[0098] As previously stated, the sliding system based on the principles described in this specification can also be used in extendable beds, extendable bed frames, sofa beds, drawers, tables, etc. An embodiment of the extendable bed / bed frame sliding system 1001 for use in an extendable bed or bed frame is shown in... Figures 9a to 12 The details of each part are disclosed herein. The sliding system 1001 allows for the full extension of the movable portion of the extendable bed or extendable bed frame, meaning that the movable portion can be withdrawn from the fixed frame structure. The movable portion may be, for example, the foot of the extendable bed or extendable bed frame, while the fixed frame structure may be the head end.

[0099] The sliding system 1001 includes Figures 9a to 9bThe first guide rail 1100, best shown in the diagram, includes a fixing device 1120, here in the form of two spaced-apart through holes, for securely attaching the first guide rail 1100 to the inner wall of a fixed frame structure, such as to the head end of an extendable bed or bed frame. Horizontal mounting of the first guide rail 1100 is preferred. The first guide rail 1100 has a C-shape (in...) Figure 9b (As better shown in the diagram), and provided with two or more sets of sliding members 1200, each mounted inside the C-shape of the guide rail 1100. Two sliding members 1200 are fixedly mounted to the upper part of the C-shape, and two sliding members 1200 are fixedly mounted to the bottom of the C-shape. The sliding members 1200 are arranged in pairs such that the upper sliding member 1200 and the lower sliding member 1200 are aligned in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the first guide rail 1100 is mounted to the fixed frame structure, the sliding members 1200 are stationary relative to the fixed frame structure. Based on the principle described above, the sliding members 1200 may be made of polymer material.

[0100] Turn now Figures 10a to 10b The sliding system 1001 further includes a sliding member, which in this embodiment is a central guide rail in the form of a central slide rod 1300. The central slide rod 1300 is configured in a C-shape and has an upper outer sliding surface 1320, an upper inner sliding surface 1340, a bottom inner sliding surface 1360, and a bottom outer sliding surface 1380, as shown below. Figure 10b The sliding surfaces 1320, 1340, 1360, and 1380 are preferably planar, and the width of the outer sliding surfaces 1320 and 1380 is configured to engage with the sliding member 1200 of the first guide rail 1100. Similar to sliding surface 14, sliding surfaces 1320, 1230, 1360, and 1380 can be formed according to the principles described above, and are provided with a coating of resin-containing varnish and lipophilic composition to form each sliding layer similar to the sliding layer 19 described above, see, for example... Figure 1 And related explanations.

[0101] Therefore, the intermediate slide bar 1300 is configured to be received by the C-shaped first guide rail 1100.

[0102] The sliding system 1001 also includes a second guide rail 1400 to be fixedly mounted to a movable portion (e.g., a foot end) of an extendable bed or extendable bed frame. The second guide rail 1400 is provided with means (not shown) for attaching the second guide rail 1400 to the movable portion, such as screw holes or the like. Figures 11a to 11bAs can be seen, the second guide rail 1400 is L-shaped, so the lower part 1420 can be used to align with the bottom end of the movable part. Therefore, the movable part of the extendable bed or bed frame can rest against the lower part 1420, while the sidewall of the movable part is screwed onto the vertical part 1440 of the second guide rail 1400.

[0103] The second guide rail 1400 is provided with one or more sliding members 1500 that protrude outward for engaging with the inner sliding surfaces 1340, 1360 of the intermediate slide bar 1300. In this embodiment, there are two separate sliding members 1500 attached to the vertical portion 1440 of each second guide rail 1400. Therefore, the vertical height of the sliding member 1500 corresponds to the distance between the two inner sliding surfaces 1340, 1360 of the intermediate slide bar 1300. Based on the principle described above, the sliding member 1500 may be made of a polymer material.

[0104] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the sliding system 1001 in its assembled state is shown. Two sliding interfaces are thus provided. The first sliding interface is achieved through a sliding engagement between the sliding member 1200 of the first guide rail 1100 and the outer sliding surfaces 1320, 1380 of the intermediate slide rod 1300. The second sliding interface is achieved through a sliding engagement between the inner sliding surfaces 1340, 1360 of the intermediate slide rod 1300 and the sliding member 1500 of the second guide rail 1400. Based on the principles described above, the sliding interfaces may include protrusions, such as blade-shaped portions and grooves, see, for example... Figure 1 .

[0105] Although Figures 9a to 12 The implementation is described as an extendable bed and / or extendable bed frame sliding system 1001 for extendable beds or extendable bed frames, but it should be understood that the sliding member and sliding system 1001 according to the described principle can also be used in other applications, particularly applications in which the movable part is pulled out from the fixed part, including, for example, extendable tables, drawers that are pulled out from drawer cabinets, etc.

[0106] Without further elaboration, it is believed that those skilled in the art can utilize the invention to its fullest extent using the foregoing description. Therefore, the foregoing preferred embodiments should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way.

[0107] Although the invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein. Rather, the invention is defined only by the appended claims, and other embodiments besides those specifically described above are equally possible within the scope of these appended claims, such as different embodiments not described above.

[0108] In the claims, the term "comprising / including" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps. Furthermore, although individual features may be included in different claims, these features may be advantageously combined, and including two features in different claims does not mean that such a combination is impractical and / or disadvantageous.

[0109] Furthermore, singular citations do not preclude plural forms. Terms without explicit quantifiers, as well as terms like "first," "second," etc., do not preclude plural forms.

[0110] Example

[0111] The following embodiments are merely examples and should in no way be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as the invention is defined only by the appended claims.

[0112] Overview

[0113] All chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. When providing mixtures (e.g., 10% by mass palmitic acid in liquid paraffin), the two compounds (e.g., 3 g palmitic acid and 27 g liquid paraffin) were mixed under heating to melt the mixture. Furthermore, the mixture was applied to a slide bar before solidification.

[0114] The test procedure used is based on SS-EN 14882:205. In short, a slide plate with parallel POM plastic blade-shaped sections (four in total, two along each longitudinal sliding axis) is mounted on an anodized aluminum profile (see [reference]). Figure 7 On the aluminum profile, an anionic electrophoretic coating with an acrylic resin followed by thermosetting is applied to provide a painted sliding surface. Aluminum profiles painted in this manner are supplied, for example, by Sapa Profiler AB, 574 38 Vetlanda, Sweden, and sold under the trade name SAPA HM-white. This material is produced using the Sapa HM-white method based on the aforementioned Honny process. In friction measurements, the slide plate is pulled on the slider at a constant speed of 500 mm / min, and the force required to pull the slide plate is recorded using an Instron 5966 tensile testing system (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 8 The total weight of the skateboard is equivalent to 10 N. Since the lipophilic composition cannot be removed once applied, new profiles are used for each lipophilic composition. However, the profiles are reused after control experiments (without the lipophilic composition), washing, and aging.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] Using the test procedures described above, the friction generated by applying various lipophilic compositions to anodized painted aluminum profiles was determined. The resulting kinetic friction (average from three test procedures) was recorded and compared with the kinetic friction of anodized aluminum profiles with paint but without any lipophilic composition coating (=control). The results are provided in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0117] Table 1 - Fatty acids in liquid paraffin

[0118]

[0119] MA5% / 10% / 30% = Myristic acid in liquid paraffin (5% / 10% / 30% by mass)

[0120] PA10% = 10% by mass palmitic acid in liquid paraffin

[0121] SA10% = 10% by mass of stearic acid in liquid paraffin

[0122] LP = Liquid Paraffin

[0123] Table 2 - Triglycerides in Liquid Paraffin

[0124]

[0125] TM10% = 10% by mass of trimyristic acid esters in liquid paraffin

[0126] TP10% = 10% by mass of trimalmitate in liquid paraffin

[0127] TS10% = 10% by mass of tristearate in liquid paraffin

[0128] LP = Liquid Paraffin

[0129] Table 3 - Fatty acids in liquid paraffin

[0130]

[0131] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, although the initial dynamic friction of the uncoated anodized aluminum profile was not as high, applying the lipophilic composition to the anodized aluminum profile reduced the dynamic friction by approximately 75%. Furthermore, the dynamic friction of the uncoated anodized aluminum profile increased significantly (stuck) after fewer than 20 test cycles, while the dynamic friction of the coated profile remained low and almost unchanged throughout repeated cycles.

[0132] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 above, tests containing fatty acids or triglycerides resulted in slightly lower friction compared to pure liquid paraffin, particularly when the fatty acids were myristic acid or palmitic acid, and when the triglycerides were trimalmitates. Coconut oil (a mixture of various triglycerides, with lauric acid being the most common fatty acid residue) provided very low friction (see Table 3). Furthermore, aging and washing (6 rubs with a damp cloth followed by 4 rubs with a dry cloth) had no significant effect on dynamic friction.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] Using the test procedure described above, the friction generated by the coating of liquid paraffin as a lipophilic composition under various loads (5 N, 10 N, and 20 N, respectively) was determined. Increasing the load did not lead to an increase in friction. On the contrary, the lowest load (5 N) exhibited the highest friction (friction value 0.052 (at 5 N) vs. friction value 0.045 (at 10 N) / 0.046 (at 20 N)).

[0135] Example 3

[0136] In another experiment, the corresponding aluminum rod was used, but without any paint. Using 10% by mass palmitic acid in liquid paraffin as a lubricant on the unpainted rod resulted in a kinetic friction of 0.1132, which is more than 100% higher than the corresponding kinetic friction obtained with the painted aluminum rod (see Table 1; 0.042 and 0.047, respectively).

[0137] Example 4

[0138] In another embodiment, steel profiles and other paints were also evaluated.

[0139] paint: Teknotherm 4400 (Teknos) - wet spray paint, Standofleet® (Standox) wet spray paint, Powercron® 6200HE (PPG) - cationic epoxy electrophoretic paint, Interpon AF (AkzoNobel) - powder coating, and Alesta® (Axalta) - powder coating.

[0140] Profiles: Aluminum (Al) and steel (Fe)

[0141] Table 4 - Coconut oil on aluminum and steel profiles

[0142]

[0143] As can be seen from Table 4, aluminum profiles exhibit lower friction than steel profiles, although steel profiles also show very low friction. Furthermore, however, some alternative paints show comparable or lower friction compared to SAPA HM-white profiles (average kinetic friction: 0.033), while wet-coated profiles show slightly higher friction. Without being bound by any theory, this could be due to the inherently slightly thicker paint and / or different paint thicknesses on wet-coated profiles. Additionally, when comparing coconut oil with liquid paraffin (data not shown), it can be seen that coconut oil generally provides slightly lower friction.

[0144] Example 5

[0145] It also uses wardrobe doors weighing 8.5 kg and references the above. Figure 1 The two sliding members 20 and the slide bar 10 of the described type were tested on a full-size test bench. When a coating of a lipophilic composition containing 100% liquid paraffin was applied to the paint on the slide bar 10, the wardrobe door could still move back and forth without problems and with low friction after 500,000 cycles of reciprocating motion. In the comparative test, the same equipment was used, but no lipophilic composition coating was applied to the paint. In the latter case, the test had to be stopped after less than 30 cycles because the testing equipment could be damaged by a rapid increase in friction (jamming) between the sliding member and the slide bar.

Claims

1. A sliding member having a sliding surface (14) coated with a resin-containing varnish (16), wherein the varnish is further at least partially coated with a lipophilic composition coating (18) to provide a sliding layer (19) with reduced friction.

2. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is a slide bar (10) forming a linear sliding profile.

3. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is a sliding portion (110) arranged to slide along a linear sliding profile (120).

4. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding member is made of a material such as metal or glass having a Vickers hardness of at least 50 MPa, more preferably at least 100 MPa, and most preferably at least 150 MPa, and the material is preferably metal.

5. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding member is made of aluminum and / or steel.

6. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding member is an aluminum member having a surface layer thereon to which the paint is applied, such as a linear aluminum profile, preferably an aluminum rod having an anodized oxide surface layer, preferably having a thickness of at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers.

7. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resin of the paint contains polar groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, cyano (nitrile), halide, sulfide, urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups.

8. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resin of the paint is a thermosetting resin.

9. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resin of the paint is selected from: acrylic resins, acrylate resins, acrylamide resins, methacrylate resins, methyl methacrylate resins, acrylonitrile resins, styrene-acrylonitrile resins, acrylonitrile-styrene acrylate resins, reaction products or mechanical mixtures of alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, reaction products or mechanical mixtures of vinyl-modified unsaturated alkyd resins and water-soluble melamine resins, and polymers and mixtures of one or more of these resins.

10. The sliding member according to claim 9, wherein the resin of the paint is an acrylic resin, preferably selected from the following acrylic resins: acrylate resin, acrylamide resin, methacrylate resin, or methyl methacrylate resin and mixtures thereof.

11. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding surface has been coated by electrocoating or self-deposition in a bath containing the paint, or by electrostatic coating with powder paint; preferably the sliding surface has been coated by electrocoating in a bath containing the paint.

12. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the paint coated on the sliding member is 100 μm or less, preferably 75 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less.

13. The sliding member according to claim 12, wherein the thickness of the paint coated on the sliding member is 5 μm to 75 μm, preferably 10 μm to 50 μm, more preferably 15 μm to 40 μm.

14. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding member is an aluminum member, such as an aluminum profile, having a surface thereon to which the paint is applied, preferably an aluminum member having an anodized oxide surface layer thereon to which the paint is applied, preferably the thickness of the anodized oxide surface layer is at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers, wherein the surface of the aluminum member has been electrophoretically coated, for example anionic electrophoretically coated, with a resin such as an acrylic resin, and subsequently thermosetting to form the paint coated on the sliding surface, preferably the sliding member has been coated using the Honny process or one of its derivative processes.

15. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lipophilic composition coating comprises a compound containing a C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 or even C10 to C24 non-aromatic hydrocarbon group, such as an alkenyl group and / or an alkyl group, such as an alkyl group.

16. The sliding member of claim 15, wherein the lipophilic composition coating present on the paint comprises at least 25% by weight, for example, at least 50% by weight, of a compound containing C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 alkyl groups.

17. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lipophilic composition coating present on the paint comprises at least 25% by weight, for example, at least 50% by weight, of C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 non-aromatic hydrocarbons, such as alkenes and / or alkanes, such as alkanes.

18. The sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lipophilic composition coating present on the paint comprises triglycerides and / or fatty acids; preferably the triglycerides—if present—are composed of saturated fatty acid residues, and the fatty acids—if present—are saturated fatty acids.

19. The sliding member of claim 18, wherein the lipophilic composition coating present on the paint comprises 1% to 40% by weight of triglycerides and / or fatty acids, preferably at least 90% of the triglycerides—if present—consisting of fatty acids having C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 alkyl groups, and preferably the fatty acids—if present—having C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 alkyl groups.

20. The sliding member of claim 18, wherein the lipophilic composition coating present on the paint comprises at least 25% by weight, for example, at least 50% by weight, of triglycerides and / or fatty acids, preferably at least 90% of the triglycerides—if present—are composed of fatty acids having C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 alkyl groups, and preferably the fatty acids—if present—have C8 to C40, for example, C8 to C30 alkyl groups; preferably the lipophilic composition is not solely composed of fatty acids.

21. A sliding system (1) comprising a sliding member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding member is a slide bar (10) forming a linear sliding profile; and at least one sliding member (20) wherein the interface between the sliding layer (19) of the slide bar (10) and the sliding member (20) forms a linear sliding bearing to allow the sliding member (20) to move linearly along the longitudinal axis of the linear slide bar (10).

22. The sliding system (1) according to claim 21, wherein at least the portion of the sliding member (20) in contact with the sliding layer (19) of the slide bar (10) is made of plastic, preferably a plastic containing a polymer having polar groups, more preferably the polar groups are selected from hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, halide, sulfide, cyano (nitrile), urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups.

23. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 or 22, wherein at least the portion of the sliding member (20) in contact with the sliding layer (19) of the slide bar (10) is made of a plastic comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyoxymethylene (POM); polyesters (e.g., thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polylactic acid (PLA), and bio-based thermoplastic polyesters such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyethylene furanate (PEF)); polyamide (PA); polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); polyarylether ketone (PAEK, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK)); and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

24. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the sliding member (20) is made entirely of plastic.

25. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the sliding system (1) is arranged to support a sliding door (30) connected to the sliding member (20).

26. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the portion of the sliding member (20) to slide on the sliding layer (19) is configured as a knife-shaped portion (21, 23) extending in the sliding direction, preferably the sliding layer (19) is present on a track, such as a groove (11) or a ridge, extending along the longitudinal axis of the slide bar (10).

27. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the sliding member (20) includes at least one individual contact point at the interface between the slide rod (10) and the sliding member (20) that contacts the slide rod (10), the contact area of ​​each individual contact point being less than 3 mm. 2 More preferably less than 1.5 mm 2 And the optimal value is less than 0.75 mm. 2 .

28. The sliding system (1) according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the sliding member (20) includes at least one contact point forming contact between the sliding member (20) and the slide rod (10), wherein the contact pressure at the at least one contact point is at least 4 N / mm. 2 Preferably at least 8 N / mm 2 And more preferably at least 12 N / mm 2 Preferably, the contact pressure at the contact point is less than the yield strain of the material of the sliding member (20).

29. A sliding system (100) comprising a sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the sliding member is a sliding portion (110) arranged to slide along a linear sliding profile (120); and at least one linear sliding profile (120) wherein the interface between the sliding layer of the sliding portion (110) and the linear sliding profile (120) forms a linear sliding bearing to allow the sliding portion (110) to move linearly along the longitudinal axis of the linear sliding profile (120).

30. The sliding system (100) according to claim 29, wherein at least the portion of the linear sliding profile (120) in contact with the sliding layer of the sliding portion (110) is made of plastic, preferably a plastic comprising a polymer having polar groups, more preferably the polar groups being selected from hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amide, halide, sulfide, cyano (nitrile), urethane, aldehyde, and / or ketone groups.

31. The sliding system (100) of claim 30, wherein the plastic comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyoxymethylene (POM); polyesters (e.g., thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polylactic acid (PLA), and bio-based thermoplastic polyesters such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyethylene furanate (PEF)); polyethylene terephthalate (PET); polyamide (PA); polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK, e.g., polyether ether ketone (PEEK)); and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

32. The sliding system (100) according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the linear sliding profile (120) is a plastic profile provided with at least one ridge (121a to 121e) extending along the longitudinal axis of the sliding profile (120), the sliding system (100) being arranged such that the sliding layer of the sliding portion (110) engages with the ridge (121a to 121e) when sliding on the linear sliding profile (120); preferably the plastic profile is provided with a sliding channel (125) for the sliding portion (110) to slide into, at least one surface of the channel (125) being provided with a ridge (121a to 121e) extending along the longitudinal axis of the channel (125).

33. The sliding system (100) according to any one of claims 29 to 32, wherein the linear sliding profile (120) includes at least one individual contact point that contacts the sliding portion (110) at the interface between the linear sliding profile (120) and the sliding portion (110), the contact area of ​​each individual contact point being less than 3 mm. 2 More preferably less than 1.5mm 2 And the optimal value is less than 0.75 mm. 2 .

34. The sliding system (100) according to any one of claims 29 to 33, wherein the linear sliding profile (120) includes at least one contact point forming contact between the linear sliding profile (120) and the sliding portion (110), wherein the contact pressure at the at least one contact point is at least 4 N / mm. 2 Preferably at least 8 N / mm 2 And more preferably at least 12 N / mm 2 Preferably, the contact pressure at the contact point is less than the yield strain of the material of the linear sliding profile (120).

35. Use of a lipophilic composition as a lubricant for an irreversible bond of a sliding surface for a sliding member, wherein the sliding surface is coated with a varnish comprising a resin.

36. The use according to claim 35, wherein the resin of the paint is an acrylic resin, such as an acrylate resin, an acrylamide resin, a methacrylate resin, or a methyl methacrylate resin.

37. The use according to any one of claims 35 or 36, wherein the thickness of the paint applied to the sliding member is 100 μm or less, preferably 75 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less.

38. The use according to claim 37, wherein the thickness of the paint applied to the sliding member is from 5 μm to 75 μm, for example from 10 μm to 50 μm, or from 15 μm to 40 μm.

39. The use according to any one of claims 35 to 38, wherein the sliding member is an aluminum member, such as a linear aluminum profile, an anion-electrophoretically coated with an acrylic resin and subsequently thermosetting to form the paint coated on the sliding surface, wherein preferably the aluminum profile has been anodized to obtain an anodized layer thickness of at least 5 micrometers, more preferably at least 10 micrometers, prior to the application of the resin to the paint.

40. The use according to any one of claims 35 to 39, wherein the lipophilic composition comprises a compound containing a C6 to C40, for example, C8 to C30, non-aromatic hydrocarbon group, such as an alkenyl group and / or an alkyl group, such as an alkyl group.

41. The use according to any one of claims 35 to 40, wherein the lipophilic composition coating comprises triglycerides and / or fatty acids; preferably the triglycerides—if present—are composed of saturated fatty acid residues, and the fatty acids—if present—are saturated fatty acids.

42. The use according to any one of claims 35 to 41, wherein the lipophilic composition coating comprises hydrocarbons, such as olefins and / or alkanes, such as alkanes.

43. A method for providing a sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 20, comprising the following steps: - A component having a sliding surface coated with a resin-containing varnish is provided; as well as - Coating at least a portion of the resin-containing varnish with a lipophilic composition to provide a sliding component.

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