Method and device for controlling thermal expansion difference of heat storage body and heat storage body

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a heat storage body thermal expansion difference control method and device and a heat storage body, and the control method comprises the steps: obtaining an elastic wave signal of the heat storage body, and determining a deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the obtained elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model; and the pressure of a heat storage body air curtain is adjusted according to the deformation difference, pyrolysis gas in a high-temperature area in a heat storage body is guided out and injected into a low-temperature area, pyrolysis gas in the low-temperature area is pumped out and output to the high-temperature area, and the deformation difference is restrained. The elastic wave generated by the thermal deformation phenomenon can be collected, and the deformation difference corresponding to the waveform of the obtained elastic wave can be determined. And according to the deformation difference, the pressure of an air curtain in the heat storage body is adjusted, the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is adjusted, and the deformation difference of the heat storage body is restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of thermal energy storage technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and thermal storage body for controlling thermal expansion difference. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of new energy storage and industrial waste heat recovery, solid waste thermal storage technology has become a key direction for efficient energy utilization and resource recovery of solid waste due to the wide availability of raw materials and high thermal density. However, because the raw materials themselves are widely available, the thermal storage medium is susceptible to thermal expansion differences caused by temperature gradients during repeated thermal cycles. If not effectively controlled, this can lead to phenomena such as cracking of the thermal storage medium, failure of system sealing, and heat leakage. This, in turn, results in decreased thermal storage efficiency and damage to the stability of the thermal storage system, hindering the large-scale application of solid waste thermal storage. Therefore, a technology for controlling the thermal expansion difference of the thermal storage medium is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and thermal storage body for controlling the thermal expansion difference of a thermal storage body.

[0004] Based on the above problems, in a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for controlling the thermal expansion difference of a thermal storage body, comprising: The elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body is acquired, and the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal is determined according to a predetermined mapping model. Adjust the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and inject the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body into the low-temperature region, and extract the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region and output it to the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, acquiring the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body and determining the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model includes: The elastic wave signal generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body is acquired by a sensor array set at the boundary of the thermal storage body. Based on the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal, the deformation difference of the thermal storage body is determined by a pre-determined mapping model that characterizes the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, determining the deformation difference of the thermal storage body based on the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal using a pre-determined mapping model characterizing the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference includes: When the frequency of the elastic wave signal is less than a first frequency, it is determined that the deformation difference is less than a first distance; When the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than a first frequency and less than a second frequency, the deformation difference is determined to be between a first distance and a second distance. If the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than the second frequency, then the deformation difference is determined to be not less than the second distance.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, adjusting the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and outputting the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body to the low-temperature region, and extracting the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region and inputting it into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference, includes: When the deformation difference is not less than the first distance, increase the flow rate of the gas injected into the heat storage gas curtain, increase the pressure of the heat storage gas curtain; and activate the high-temperature region gas injection valve to inject the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region into the low-temperature region; and activate the low-temperature region gas extraction valve to extract the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region. When the deformation difference increases, the opening degree of the gas injection valve in the high-temperature region and the gas extraction valve in the low-temperature region are increased according to the change in deformation difference, thereby increasing the flow rate of pyrolysis gas between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region.

[0008] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a thermal expansion difference control device for a thermal storage body, comprising: The determination module is used to acquire the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body and determine the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a pre-determined mapping model. The adjustment module is used to adjust the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, extract the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body and output it to the low-temperature region, and inject the pyrolysis gas in the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

[0009] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a heat storage body, including: an outer shell, a heat storage body air curtain, a high-temperature region, and a low-temperature region; The high-temperature region and the low-temperature region are respectively disposed in the outer shell; The heat storage air curtain is disposed between the high-temperature region and the outer shell; The high-temperature zone is used to store heat transferred from a heat source outside the heat storage body; the low-temperature zone is used to store heat transferred from the high-temperature zone.

[0010] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, a pyrolysis gas conduit is provided between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region; the pyrolysis gas conduit includes: a high-temperature conduit and a low-temperature conduit; The high-temperature conduit is controlled by the gas injection valve in the high-temperature region to maintain its open state. The high-temperature conduit is used as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region to the low-temperature region. The low-temperature conduit is controlled by the low-temperature region's exhaust valve to maintain its open state. The low-temperature conduit serves as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region to the high-temperature region.

[0011] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the high-temperature region includes: a high-temperature shell, a first heat storage material, and a high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; The first heat storage material is disposed inside the high-temperature shell, the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the high-temperature shell, and both ends of the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline are connected to an external heat source; The external heat source conducts heat to the first heat storage material through the heat transfer oil in the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipe; The low-temperature region includes a low-temperature shell, a second heat storage material, and a low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; the second heat storage material is disposed inside the low-temperature shell, and the low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the low-temperature shell to form a closed loop; The low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline conducts temperature to various parts of the second heat storage material through the heat transfer oil inside the pipeline, thereby reducing the temperature difference within the second heat storage material.

[0012] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the boundary of the high-temperature region is provided with an adaptive layer composed of a first material; the adaptive layer is used to change its own volume according to the temperature of the high-temperature region. The first material is obtained by mixing ground coal-based solid waste, kaolin, calcium oxide and sodium polyphosphate.

[0013] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, an acoustic emission sensor array is disposed within the housing, the acoustic emission sensor array being used to acquire elastic wave signals generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the embodiments disclosed herein include: This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and thermal storage body for controlling thermal expansion difference. The control method includes: acquiring an elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body; determining the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model; adjusting the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference; injecting pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body into the low-temperature region; and extracting the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region and outputting it to the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference. This disclosure can determine the deformation difference corresponding to the waveform of the acquired elastic wave by collecting the elastic wave generated by thermal deformation. Based on the deformation difference, the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body is adjusted, and the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature and low-temperature regions is adjusted to suppress the deformation difference of the thermal storage body. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the thermal expansion difference of a thermal storage body, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a thermal expansion difference control device for a thermal storage body provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat storage body provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and thermal storage body for controlling thermal expansion difference. Preferred embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

[0017] This disclosure provides a method for controlling the thermal expansion difference of a thermal storage body, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it can be implemented as follows: S101. Obtain the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body, and determine the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the obtained elastic wave signal according to the predetermined mapping model. S102. Adjust the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and inject the pyrolysis gas in the high temperature region of the thermal storage body into the low temperature region, and extract the pyrolysis gas in the low temperature region and output it to the high temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

[0018] In this embodiment, the energy storage body may include at least two energy storage zones: a high-temperature zone and a low-temperature zone. The high-temperature zone can exchange heat with an external heat source, transferring heat from the external heat source into the energy storage material within the high-temperature zone. The energy storage material absorbs this heat and, acting as an energy carrier, stably stores it. The low-temperature zone can exchange heat with the high-temperature zone, serving as a secondary energy storage zone and acting as a buffer zone to dynamically adjust the energy storage state of the high-temperature zone.

[0019] If the energy storage body undergoes thermal expansion, it will cause thermal deformation at the boundaries of each region, resulting in the generation of elastic waves. By collecting the signals of these elastic waves, the deformation difference corresponding to the acquired waveform can be determined in a pre-established mapping model that characterizes the correspondence between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference of the energy storage body. Based on this deformation difference, the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body can be adjusted accordingly, and the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature and low-temperature regions can be regulated to suppress the deformation difference of the thermal storage body.

[0020] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, step S101 above, "acquiring the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body and determining the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model," can be implemented as follows: Step 1: Acquire the elastic wave signal generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body by setting a sensor array at the boundary of the thermal storage body; Step 2: Based on the frequency of the obtained elastic wave signal, determine the deformation difference of the thermal storage body through a pre-determined mapping model that characterizes the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference.

[0021] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the heat storage body will deform due to temperature changes during the heat storage process. Furthermore, the deformation will cause the boundary of the heat storage body to undergo directional displacement. This displacement will cause vibrations that propagate in the form of waves, i.e. elastic waves, in the surrounding area.

[0022] Elastic waves can be acquired by a sensor array placed at the boundary of the thermal storage body and converted into measurable electrical signals. These signals are then amplified and filtered to obtain the corresponding time-domain elastic wave signal. By applying methods such as Fourier transform, the signal can be converted into a frequency-domain elastic wave signal, and the dominant peak frequency can be extracted as the frequency of the elastic wave signal.

[0023] The mapping model in this disclosure can be pre-constructed experimentally. The construction method can involve acquiring multiple data pairs of frequency and deformation difference, and then using fitting or other methods to obtain a continuous correspondence. The deformation difference can be obtained through methods such as laser detection.

[0024] In practical applications, this continuous correspondence can be thresholded. By setting several typical values, the corresponding deformation difference can be quickly determined based on the frequency of the elastic wave.

[0025] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, step 2 above, "determining the deformation difference of the thermal storage body based on the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal and through a pre-determined mapping model characterizing the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference," can be implemented as follows: Step 1: If the frequency of the elastic wave signal is less than the first frequency, determine that the deformation difference is less than the first distance; Step 2: If the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than the first frequency and less than the second frequency, determine that the deformation difference is between the first distance and the second distance. Step 3: If the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than the second frequency, determine that the deformation difference is not less than the second distance.

[0026] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first frequency may be The first distance can be That is, when the detected frequency is less than When, the corresponding deformation difference is less than .

[0027] The second frequency can be The second distance can be That is, when the detected frequency is less than When, the corresponding deformation difference is less than .

[0028] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, step S102 above, "adjusting the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and exporting the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body to the low-temperature region, and extracting the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region to input into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference," can be implemented as follows: Step 1: When the deformation difference is not less than the first distance, increase the flow rate of the gas injected into the heat storage gas curtain and increase the pressure of the heat storage gas curtain; and start the high-temperature zone gas injection valve to inject the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature zone into the low-temperature zone; and start the low-temperature zone gas extraction valve to extract the pyrolysis gas in the low-temperature zone into the high-temperature zone. Step 2: When the deformation difference increases, increase the opening degree of the gas injection valve in the high-temperature region and the gas extraction valve in the low-temperature region according to the change in deformation difference, thereby increasing the flow rate of pyrolysis gas between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region.

[0029] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when the detected frequency reaches or exceeds a first frequency, it indicates that the expansion difference needs to be controlled to suppress the deformation of the thermal storage body. By increasing the flow rate of the gas injected into the thermal storage body's gas curtain, the gas pressure of the thermal storage body's gas curtain can be increased, thereby suppressing the deformation of the thermal storage body. Furthermore, the high-temperature region gas injection valve and the low-temperature region gas extraction valve can be opened to allow pyrolysis gas to flow in the high-temperature and low-temperature regions, reducing the gas pressure in the high-temperature region and further suppressing the deformation of the thermal storage body.

[0030] If the expansion difference increases further, the gas pressure of the thermal storage gas curtain can be increased within its tolerance range to enhance its ability to suppress thermal storage deformation. Alternatively, the opening degree of the injection valve in the high-temperature region and the extraction valve in the low-temperature region can be increased to improve the circulation capacity of the pyrolysis gas between the high-temperature and low-temperature regions, thus suppressing further increases in the expansion difference.

[0031] When the detected frequency reaches or exceeds the second frequency, it indicates that other suppression measures need to be introduced, such as reducing the heat input to the heat storage body from the outside.

[0032] This disclosure also provides a thermal expansion difference control device for a thermal storage body, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The determination module 201 is used to acquire the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body and determine the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model. The adjustment module 202 is used to adjust the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, extract the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body and output it to the low-temperature region, and inject the pyrolysis gas in the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

[0033] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, the determining module 201 is further configured to acquire elastic wave signals generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body through a sensor array disposed at the boundary of the thermal storage body; and determine the deformation difference of the thermal storage body according to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signals through a pre-determined mapping model characterizing the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signals and the deformation difference.

[0034] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, the adjustment module 202 is further configured to, when the deformation difference is not less than the first distance, increase the flow rate of the gas injected into the heat storage gas curtain and increase the pressure of the heat storage gas curtain; and activate the high-temperature region gas injection valve to inject the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region into the low-temperature region; and activate the low-temperature region gas extraction valve to extract the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region; and when the deformation difference increases, increase the opening degree of the high-temperature region gas injection valve and the low-temperature region gas extraction valve respectively according to the change in deformation difference, thereby increasing the flow rate of the pyrolysis gas between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region.

[0035] This disclosure also provides a heat storage body, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: outer shell 1, heat storage air curtain 2, high temperature zone 3 and low temperature zone 4; The high-temperature region 3 and the low-temperature region 4 are respectively disposed in the outer shell 1; The heat storage air curtain 2 is disposed between the high-temperature region 3 and the outer shell 1; The high-temperature zone 3 is used to store heat conducted from a heat source outside the heat storage body; the low-temperature zone 4 is used to store heat transferred from the high-temperature zone 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, the outer shell 1 can be a shell made of a rigid material. The high-temperature region 3 and the low-temperature region 4 are disposed inside the shell, each separated from the outer shell 1 by a certain distance. The heat storage gas curtain 2 can be a gas membrane used to isolate high temperatures. The heat storage gas curtain 2 wraps around the outside of the high-temperature region 3, and an inert gas is injected inside to seal the entire high-temperature region 3, using a continuous inert gas curtain to isolate the high temperature. The inert gas here can be a mixture of argon and nitrogen. In one possible implementation, the pressure of the injected gas can be... to Based on the determined expansion difference, the pressure of the air curtain can be adjusted within this pressure range to suppress deformation.

[0037] In yet another embodiment provided in this disclosure, such as Figure 3 As shown, a pyrolysis gas conduit is provided between the high-temperature region 3 and the low-temperature region 4; the pyrolysis gas conduit includes: a high-temperature conduit 5 and a low-temperature conduit 6; The high-temperature conduit 5 is controlled by the high-temperature region gas injection valve 51 to maintain its conduction state. The high-temperature conduit 5 is used as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region 3 to the low-temperature region 4. The low-temperature conduit 6 is controlled by the low-temperature region exhaust valve 61 to maintain its open state. The low-temperature conduit 6 is used as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region 4 to the high-temperature region 3.

[0038] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a buffer zone may also be provided in the heat storage body, which can serve to isolate the high temperature zone 3 and the low temperature zone 4. Gas ducts and valves and other equipment may also be provided in the buffer zone.

[0039] Based on the determined expansion difference, the opening degree of the high-temperature zone gas injection valve 51 and the low-temperature zone gas extraction valve 61 can be adjusted to change the flow rate of pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature conduit 5 and the low-temperature conduit 6, thereby balancing the gas pressure in the high-temperature zone 3 and the low-temperature zone 4 and suppressing deformation.

[0040] In yet another embodiment provided in this disclosure, the high-temperature region 3 includes: a high-temperature shell, a first heat storage material, and a high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; The first heat storage material is disposed inside the high-temperature shell, the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the high-temperature shell, and both ends of the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline are connected to an external heat source; The external heat source conducts heat to the first heat storage material through the heat transfer oil in the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipe; The low-temperature region 4 includes a low-temperature shell, a second heat storage material, and a low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; the second heat storage material is disposed inside the low-temperature shell, and the low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the low-temperature shell to form a closed loop; The low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline conducts temperature to various parts of the second heat storage material through the heat transfer oil inside the pipeline, thereby reducing the temperature difference within the second heat storage material.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first heat storage material in the high-temperature region 3 can be made from solid waste (e.g., steel slag and fly ash) as the base material, with the addition of high-temperature modified materials, thus possessing high-temperature resistance and high heat storage capacity. Its operating temperature can be... arrive High-temperature heat transfer oil pipes can be evenly laid out within high-temperature zone 3. The heat transfer oil in the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipes can exchange heat with the outside world, and the energy of the external heat source can be introduced into the first heat storage material for storage.

[0042] The second thermal storage material in the low-temperature zone 4 can also be made from solid waste as a base material with added modified materials, and its operating temperature can be... arrive The low-temperature heat transfer oil pipelines laid within the low-temperature zone 4 can, through the circulation of the heat transfer oil inside, evenly transfer the energy transferred from the high-temperature zone 3 to all parts of the second heat storage material, thereby reducing the temperature difference between different locations within the low-temperature zone 4. In one possible implementation, this can reduce the temperature difference... .

[0043] In yet another embodiment provided in this disclosure, such as Figure 3 As shown, the boundary of the high-temperature region 3 is provided with an adaptive layer 7 composed of a first material; the adaptive layer 7 is used to change its own volume according to the temperature of the high-temperature region 3. The first material is obtained by mixing ground coal-based solid waste, kaolin, calcium oxide and sodium polyphosphate.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first material can be a modified solid waste powder, which can be prepared by using coal-based solid waste as the base material and mixing it evenly with specific mass fractions of kaolin, calcium oxide, and sodium polyphosphate. During the preparation process, the coal-based solid waste needs to be ground and screened. The mass fraction of kaolin can be 20%, the mass fraction of calcium oxide can be 5%, and the mass fraction of sodium polyphosphate can be 5%. The particle size of the final first material can be smaller than [missing value]. .

[0045] The first material can be placed at the boundary of the high-temperature region 3. When the first material is heated, it can expand and enlarge, sealing the gaps between materials and inhibiting deformation.

[0046] In another embodiment provided in this disclosure, an acoustic emission sensor array 8 is provided inside the outer shell 1, the acoustic emission sensor array 8 being used to acquire the elastic wave signal generated by the deformation of the heat storage body.

[0047] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the sensor array can be set at the boundary of each region. The sensor here can be an acoustic emission sensor, which captures the mechanical vibration generated by thermal deformation, converts the mechanical vibration into an electrical signal, and thus obtains an elastic wave signal. Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this disclosure.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments can be distributed in the apparatus of the embodiments as described in the embodiments, or they can be located in one or more devices different from this embodiment with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0050] The sequence numbers of the embodiments disclosed above are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, this disclosure is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the thermal expansion difference of a thermal storage body, characterized in that, include: The elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body is acquired, and the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal is determined according to a predetermined mapping model. Adjust the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and inject the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body into the low-temperature region, and extract the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region and output it to the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body, and determining the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a predetermined mapping model, includes: The elastic wave signal generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body is acquired by a sensor array set at the boundary of the thermal storage body. Based on the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal, the deformation difference of the thermal storage body is determined by a pre-determined mapping model that characterizes the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the deformation difference of the thermal storage body based on the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal and through a pre-determined mapping model characterizing the relationship between the frequency of the elastic wave signal and the deformation difference includes: When the frequency of the elastic wave signal is less than a first frequency, it is determined that the deformation difference is less than a first distance; When the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than a first frequency and less than a second frequency, the deformation difference is determined to be between a first distance and a second distance. If the frequency of the elastic wave signal is not less than the second frequency, then the deformation difference is determined to be not less than the second distance.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Adjusting the pressure of the gas curtain in the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, and outputting the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body to the low-temperature region, and extracting the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region to input into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference, including: When the deformation difference is not less than the first distance, increase the flow rate of the gas injected into the heat storage gas curtain, increase the pressure of the heat storage gas curtain; and activate the high-temperature region gas injection valve to inject the pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region into the low-temperature region; and activate the low-temperature region gas extraction valve to extract the pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region. When the deformation difference increases, the opening degree of the gas injection valve in the high-temperature region and the gas extraction valve in the low-temperature region are increased according to the change in deformation difference, thereby increasing the flow rate of pyrolysis gas between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region.

5. A thermal expansion difference control device for a thermal storage body, characterized in that, include: The determination module is used to acquire the elastic wave signal of the thermal storage body and determine the deformation difference corresponding to the frequency of the acquired elastic wave signal according to a pre-determined mapping model. The adjustment module is used to adjust the pressure of the gas curtain of the thermal storage body according to the deformation difference, extract the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature region of the thermal storage body and output it to the low-temperature region, and inject the pyrolysis gas in the low-temperature region into the high-temperature region to suppress the deformation difference.

6. A heat storage body, characterized in that, include: The outer shell, the heat storage air curtain, the high-temperature zone, and the low-temperature zone; The high-temperature region and the low-temperature region are respectively disposed in the outer shell; The heat storage air curtain is disposed between the high-temperature region and the outer shell; The high-temperature zone is used to store heat transferred from a heat source outside the heat storage body; the low-temperature zone is used to store heat transferred from the high-temperature zone.

7. The heat storage body as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A pyrolysis gas conduit is provided between the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region; the pyrolysis gas conduit includes: a high-temperature conduit and a low-temperature conduit; The high-temperature conduit is controlled by the gas injection valve in the high-temperature region to maintain its open state. The high-temperature conduit is used as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the high-temperature region to the low-temperature region. The low-temperature conduit is controlled by the low-temperature region's exhaust valve to maintain its open state. The low-temperature conduit serves as a channel for transmitting pyrolysis gas from the low-temperature region to the high-temperature region.

8. The heat storage body as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The high-temperature zone includes: a high-temperature shell, a first heat storage material, and a high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; The first heat storage material is disposed inside the high-temperature shell, the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the high-temperature shell, and both ends of the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline are connected to an external heat source; The external heat source conducts heat to the first heat storage material through the heat transfer oil in the high-temperature heat transfer oil pipe; The low-temperature region includes a low-temperature shell, a second heat storage material, and a low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline; the second heat storage material is disposed inside the low-temperature shell, and the low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline is laid inside the low-temperature shell to form a closed loop; The low-temperature heat transfer oil pipeline conducts temperature to various parts of the second heat storage material through the heat transfer oil inside the pipeline, thereby reducing the temperature difference within the second heat storage material.

9. The heat storage body as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The boundary of the high-temperature region is provided with an adaptive layer composed of a first material; the adaptive layer is used to change its own volume according to the temperature of the high-temperature region. The first material is obtained by mixing ground coal-based solid waste, kaolin, calcium oxide and sodium polyphosphate.

10. The heat storage body as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An acoustic emission sensor array is provided inside the outer shell, which is used to acquire the elastic wave signal generated by the deformation of the thermal storage body.

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