Mixed explosive interval charging structure, blasting device and blasting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed explosive interval charging structure, a blasting device and a blasting method, which can simplify the charging operation step in the presplitting blasting process and avoid the problem of uneven blasting explosive interval. The mixed explosive interval charging structure comprises an outer sleeve and an explosive charging piece. The outer sleeve is arranged in a blast hole, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve is a blind end. The medicine charging piece comprises a supporting rod and a plurality of medicine discharging barrels; the supporting rod and the multiple medicine placing barrels are arranged in the outer sleeve, and the multiple medicine placing barrels are sequentially arranged on the supporting rod at intervals in the axial direction of the outer sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining blasting technology, and in particular to a mixed explosive spaced-charge structure, blasting device and blasting method. Background Technology

[0002] Mining blasting is a core process in mining operations, and pre-splitting blasting is an important blasting method that can reduce the impact of blasting vibrations on slope stability. Pre-splitting blasting typically uses small-diameter rolled rock emulsion explosives, which are then made into explosive charges by wrapping them with bamboo strips. These charges are then manually placed into the blast holes to create pre-splitting cracks and reduce vibration.

[0003] In traditional pre-splitting blasting, bamboo strips, detonating cord, and rolled explosives must be manually assembled one by one into explosive components and tied at intervals before being placed into the blast hole. This process is repetitive and time-consuming. Furthermore, uneven spacing of the explosive components due to insecure binding during construction can lead to high rework rates. All of these problems result in low construction efficiency of traditional pre-splitting blasting, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a mixed explosive spaced charge structure, blasting device and blasting method, which can simplify the charging operation steps in the pre-splitting blasting process and avoid the problem of uneven spacing of explosives.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a spaced-charge structure for mixed explosives, comprising an outer tube and a charging component. The outer tube is disposed in a borehole, with its bottom end being a blind end. The charging component includes a support rod and multiple charging cartridges; both the support rod and the multiple charging cartridges are disposed inside the outer tube, with the multiple charging cartridges sequentially spaced along the axial direction of the outer tube on the support rod.

[0006] In some embodiments, the support rod is slidably disposed within the outer sleeve.

[0007] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the support rod is slidably disposed in the groove.

[0008] In some embodiments, the support rod is provided with a fixing groove that extends axially along the outer sleeve; each dispensing cartridge is fixed to the support rod by fasteners that can slide along the fixing grooves.

[0009] In some embodiments, the charge package further includes a cover plate disposed at the top of the support rod for sealing the opening of the outer sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the lower surface of the cover plate, which is adapted to the wall of the outer tube; after the cover plate seals the opening of the outer tube, it is engaged with the wall of the outer tube through the groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cover plate is provided with lead wire outlet holes.

[0012] Therefore, the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting an outer tube, support rods, and multiple discharge cartridges, with the bottom end of the outer tube being a blind end, and the support rods and multiple discharge cartridges all disposed inside the outer tube, can protect the support rods and multiple discharge cartridges and support the support rods, thereby maintaining the relative position of the support rods within the outer tube. By arranging the multiple discharge cartridges sequentially and spaced along the axial direction of the outer tube on the support rod, explosives can be directly placed into the multiple discharge cartridges, thus simplifying the charging operation steps during blasting. The multiple discharge cartridges can also maintain and limit the spacing between the explosives, thus eliminating the need for additional spaced binding of the explosive components as in existing technologies, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven spacing caused by insecure binding. In summary, through the above-mentioned configuration, the construction efficiency of the pre-splitting blasting process can be improved, thus enabling the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure in this embodiment of the invention to meet the needs of large-scale engineering construction.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a blasting device, which includes the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure and blasting explosive as described in the first aspect. The blasting explosive is loaded into multiple discharge cartridges.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a blasting method, which uses the mixed explosive spaced charge structure in the first aspect. The blasting method includes: opening a blast hole; sequentially filling multiple charge tubes with explosives; placing a support rod together with the multiple charge tubes into an outer sleeve to form a blasting device; placing the blasting device into the blast hole; and detonating the explosives in the blasting device.

[0015] In some embodiments, after the blasting device is placed in the borehole and before the explosive charge in the blasting device is detonated, the blasting method further includes: loading packing material above the blasting device.

[0016] The above-mentioned blasting device and blasting method have the same beneficial technical effects as the mixed explosive spaced charge structure provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this invention, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. Furthermore, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mixed explosive spaced charge structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a mixed explosive spaced charge structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A structural diagram of a propellant loading component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a blasting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1-outer tube; 2-slide groove; 3-support rod; 4-discharge cartridge; 5-fastener; 6-cover plate; 7-slot; 8-detonator lead wire; 9-mixed emulsion explosive; 10-electronic detonator; 11-filling material. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Where there is no conflict, the various embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0022] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated entries.

[0023] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] In describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. The term "connection" should be interpreted broadly; for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The embodiments of the invention described herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.

[0025] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and the area of ​​regions are enlarged for clarity. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the areas of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0026] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a mixed explosive spaced charge structure, which is applied in blasting engineering for blasting mines.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure includes an outer tube 1 and a charging component. The outer tube 1 is installed in the borehole, and its bottom end is a blind end. The charging component includes a support rod 3 and multiple charging cartridges 4; both the support rod 3 and the multiple charging cartridges 4 are installed inside the outer tube 1, and the multiple charging cartridges 4 are sequentially spaced along the axial direction of the outer tube 1 on the support rod 3.

[0028] For example, the outer tube 1, support rod 3 and dispensing cartridge 4 can be made of engineering plastics such as polyamide, which is beneficial to the manufacturing of the outer tube 1, support rod 3 and dispensing cartridge 4 and reduces the manufacturing cost of the outer tube 1, support rod 3 and dispensing cartridge 4.

[0029] For example, the length, inner and outer diameters, and other dimensions of the outer sleeve 1 need to be set according to the on-site blasting requirements. Understandably, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 1 needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole so that the outer sleeve 1 can extend into the blast hole.

[0030] The outer tube 1 can protect the support rod 3 and the dispensing cartridge 4, and support the support rod 3, thereby ensuring the relative position of the support rod 3 inside the outer tube 1.

[0031] For example, the support rod 3 can be movably installed inside the outer sleeve 1; the dispensing cartridge 4 can be installed on the support rod 3 by fasteners, or the dispensing cartridge 4 and the support rod 3 are an integral structure.

[0032] For example, the number of charge cartridges 4 can be two, three, or four, etc. Charge cartridges 4 are used to hold explosives.

[0033] For example, the explosive includes a mixture of emulsion explosive 9 and an electronic detonator 10.

[0034] It should be noted that the number of charge cartridges 4 and the spacing between multiple charge cartridges 4 need to be set according to the on-site blasting requirements.

[0035] By setting up the charging cartridge 4, the explosive can be directly placed in the charging cartridge 4, eliminating the need to assemble the bamboo strips, detonating cord, and rolled explosives into explosive components one by one as in existing technologies, thus simplifying the charging operation. Furthermore, by arranging multiple charging cartridges 4 sequentially and spaced along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1 on the support rod 3, the spacing between the explosives can be maintained and limited using multiple charging cartridges 4. Therefore, unlike existing technologies, there is no need for additional spaced binding of the explosive components, thus avoiding uneven spacing caused by insecure binding.

[0036] In summary, the above-mentioned settings can improve the construction efficiency of the pre-splitting blasting process, thereby enabling the mixed explosive spaced charge structure in the embodiments of the present invention to meet the needs of large-scale engineering construction.

[0037] Therefore, the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting an outer tube 1, a support rod 3, and multiple discharge cartridges 4, with the bottom end of the outer tube 1 being a blind end, and the support rod 3 and multiple discharge cartridges 4 all disposed inside the outer tube 1, can protect the support rod 3 and multiple discharge cartridges 4 through the outer tube 1 and support the support rod 3, thereby maintaining the relative position of the support rod 3 within the outer tube 1. By arranging multiple discharge cartridges 4 sequentially and spaced along the axial direction of the outer tube 1 on the support rod 3, explosives can be directly placed in multiple discharge cartridges 4, thereby simplifying the charging operation steps during the blasting process. The multiple discharge cartridges 4 can also maintain and limit the spacing between explosives, thus eliminating the need for additional spaced binding of explosive components as in the prior art, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven spacing caused by insecure binding. In summary, through the above-mentioned configuration, the construction efficiency of the pre-splitting blasting process can be improved, thus enabling the mixed explosive spaced-charge structure in this embodiment of the invention to meet the needs of large-scale engineering construction.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support rod 3 is slidably disposed inside the outer sleeve 1.

[0039] With the above settings, the support rod 3 can be easily slid in and out of the outer tube 1, so that the support rod 3 can be quickly pulled out when it is needed to load explosives, and the support rod 3 and the explosives can be quickly loaded into the outer tube 1 when the explosives are loaded into the discharge cartridge 4.

[0040] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3A groove 2 is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1, and the support rod 3 is slidably disposed in the groove 2.

[0041] For example, the width of the groove 2 is slightly larger than the width of the support rod 3, so that the support rod 3 can slide smoothly in the groove 2 on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1.

[0042] With the above settings, the support rod 3 can be guided by the slide groove 2.

[0043] In some embodiments, the support rod 3 is provided with a fixing groove that extends axially along the outer sleeve 1. Each dispensing cartridge 4 is fixed to the support rod 3 by a fastener 5, which is slidable along the fixing groove.

[0044] For example, the fastener 5 passes through the fixing groove and is fixed to the side wall of the dispensing cartridge 4. At this time, the fastener 5 and the dispensing cartridge 4 are pressed against the support rod 3, thereby fixing the dispensing cartridge 4. The fastener 5 can be a screw.

[0045] With the above settings, the relative position of the discharge cartridge 4 and the support rod 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the fastener 5 in the fixing groove, thereby adjusting the position and spacing of the discharge cartridge 4 inside the outer sleeve 1, and further adjusting the position and spacing of the explosive in the discharge cartridge 4 inside the blast hole.

[0046] In some examples, there are multiple support rods 3, which are arranged in parallel and evenly distributed around the circumference of the dispensing cartridge 4. The dispensing cartridge 4 is fixed to all the support rods 3.

[0047] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, there are two support rods 3, which are respectively set on opposite sides of the dispensing cylinder 4, and the dispensing cylinder 4 is fixed on the two support rods 3.

[0048] The above settings can improve the fixing strength of the discharge cartridge 4 on the support rod 3, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the discharge cartridge 4.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the loading component also includes a cover plate 6, which is located at the top of the support rod 3 and is used to seal the opening of the outer sleeve 1.

[0050] For example, the cover plate 6 can be made of engineering plastics such as polyamide.

[0051] The above settings can prevent foreign objects from entering the outer sleeve 1.

[0052] In some embodiments, a groove 7 is provided on the lower surface of the cover plate 6, and the groove 7 is adapted to the wall of the outer tube 1; after the cover plate 6 seals the opening of the outer tube 1, it is engaged with the wall of the outer tube 1 through the groove 7.

[0053] For example, the width of the slot 7 is slightly smaller than the thickness of the outer tube 1 wall, so that the cover plate 6 can be firmly attached to the outer tube 1 wall through the slot 7.

[0054] The above settings make it easy to fix the cover plate 6 to the outer sleeve 1.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cover plate 6 is provided with lead wire outlet holes.

[0056] The lead wire exit hole allows the detonator lead wire 8 in the explosive to be led out.

[0057] Example 2: This invention also provides a blasting device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the blasting device includes the mixed explosive spaced charge structure and blasting explosive as described in Example 1. The blasting explosive is filled in multiple discharge cartridges 4.

[0058] For example, the explosive includes a mixture of emulsion explosive 9 and an electronic detonator 10.

[0059] When using the blasting device, first pull the support rod 3 out of the outer tube 1, load the explosive into multiple discharge cartridges 4, and then put the support rod 3 along with the multiple discharge cartridges 4 into the outer tube 1. This completes the assembly of the blasting device.

[0060] The above settings enable interval charging of explosive devices, simplify the charging process, reduce rework rates, and improve construction efficiency during blasting.

[0061] Example 3: This invention also provides a blasting method that uses the mixed explosive spaced charge structure in Example 1. The blasting method includes steps S100-S500.

[0062] S100, Open the gun holes.

[0063] For example, the location and number of blast holes need to be set according to the blasting site conditions. Each blast hole contains a blasting device.

[0064] S200. The explosive charge is sequentially loaded into multiple charge cartridges 4.

[0065] S300. The support rod 3, together with multiple explosive cartridges 4, is placed into the outer sleeve 1 to form a blasting device.

[0066] For example, the positions of the multiple discharge cartridges 4 on the support rod 3 and the spacing between the multiple discharge cartridges 4 need to be set in advance according to the site conditions. The inner and outer diameters, lengths, and other dimensions of the outer sleeve 1 also need to be set according to the site conditions.

[0067] S400, Place the explosive device into the blast hole.

[0068] S500, the explosive charge in the detonating blasting device.

[0069] The method for detonating the explosive in the blasting device is to detonate the electronic detonator 10 in the explosive by electronic initiation.

[0070] By using the blasting device in Example 2, this blasting method simplifies the charging process, reduces rework rate, and improves construction efficiency during the blasting process.

[0071] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 4 After the blasting device is placed in the borehole and before the explosive charge in the blasting device is detonated, the blasting method further includes: filling the top of the blasting device with packing material 11.

[0072] For example, the total length of the blasting device is less than the total length of the borehole. The packing material 11 can be dried drilling mud, etc.

[0073] In this way, the blast hole can be sealed by the filling material 11. When the explosive detonates in the blast hole, the explosive energy generated by the explosive can be confined within the blast hole, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the explosive energy.

[0074] Example 4: The following describes the usage process of the mixed explosive spaced charge structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention with specific examples: like Figure 4 As shown, in the slope pre-splitting blasting construction area of ​​an open-pit iron mine, according to the blasting design plan, YT28 pneumatic rock drills were used to drill blast holes, controlling the blast hole axis to be at a 60° angle to the horizontal plane. The actual depth of the blast holes after drilling was 16.5m. After the blast holes were drilled and the rock powder inside the blast holes was cleaned, the charging operation began.

[0075] like Figure 4As shown, in this example, the number of discharge tubes 4 in the mixed explosive spaced charge structure is three, the total length of the outer tube 1 is 7.6m, and the inner diameter of the outer tube 1 is 15cm. First, the support rod 3 is pulled out from the outer tube 1, and the distance between two adjacent discharge tubes 4 is adjusted to 2.7m. With the help of a charging device, 10kg of mixed emulsion explosive, 10kg of mixed emulsion explosive, and 4kg of mixed emulsion explosive are precisely loaded into the three discharge tubes 4 from bottom to top, so as to form a bottom charge layer, a middle charge layer, and an upper charge layer in sequence from bottom to top. At the same time, electronic detonators 10 are loaded into the bottom charge layer, the middle charge layer, and the upper charge layer respectively. Then, the support rod 3 and the charge cartridge 4 are placed into the outer tube 1. The mixed explosive spaced charge structure is placed into the borehole. All the detonator leads 8 of the electronic detonators 10 are led out to a safe position outside the borehole to avoid damage or entanglement of the detonator leads 8. The charging operation is now complete.

[0076] After the charging operation is completed, the borehole is plugged. Dry stemming material is used as the plugging material. It is layered on top of the upper charge layer and compacted layer by layer to form a plugging section in the borehole. During construction, the length of the plugging section must be controlled to 2.8m to ensure that the density of the plugging section meets the requirements for safe blasting operations, thus completing the borehole plugging operation.

[0077] After the blast hole plugging operation is completed, the mixed emulsion explosive is detonated by electronic detonator 10 to complete the slope pre-splitting blasting.

[0078] The beneficial effects of using the mixed explosive spaced charge structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: 1. By adopting a detonation method that combines mixed explosives with electronic detonators, the cumbersome process of binding bamboo strips, detonating cords, and rolled explosives alternately in traditional pre-splitting blasting is eliminated. This not only greatly simplifies the charging operation steps and significantly improves the charging efficiency of pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, but also eliminates the safety risks and material costs associated with the use of detonating cords. At the same time, with the high-precision delay control of electronic detonators, the accuracy of the blasting sequence and the controllability of the blasting effect can be effectively improved.

[0079] 2. By adopting a multi-segment mixed emulsion explosive layered charging structure, the precise positioning and reliable fixation of the explosive charge are achieved. On the one hand, the charge distribution in the borehole is precisely controlled, effectively reducing the damage of the blast shock wave to the protected rock mass. On the other hand, the stability of the charging structure and the uniformity of explosive energy release are ensured, significantly improving the construction quality and safety reliability of pre-splitting blasting on open-pit mine slopes, and providing a guarantee for the stability of mine slopes and subsequent mining operations.

[0080] 3. By setting up support rods 3, discharge cartridges 4 and cover plates 6 inside the outer casing 1, explosives can be filled and fixed according to the design position, which solves the problems of inconvenient loading and high rework rate in the existing technology.

[0081] 4. By using mixed emulsion explosives as blasting material to replace traditional rolled emulsion explosives for pre-splitting blasting, the explosives fit tightly with the borehole, the continuity and coupling of the charge are significantly improved, the pre-splitting penetration and half-hole rate are greatly increased, and the processes of explosive roll processing, binding and manual filling are eliminated, resulting in improved construction efficiency, reduced costs and better safety.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mixed explosive spaced-charge structure, characterized in that, include: The outer sleeve (1) is installed in the borehole, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve (1) is a blind end; and, The loading component includes a support rod (3) and multiple discharge cylinders (4); the support rod (3) and multiple discharge cylinders (4) are both disposed inside the outer tube (1), and the multiple discharge cylinders (4) are sequentially spaced on the support rod (3) along the axial direction of the outer tube (1).

2. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod (3) is slidably disposed inside the outer sleeve (1).

3. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A groove (2) is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1), and the support rod (3) is slidably disposed in the groove (2).

4. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support rod (3) is provided with a fixing groove, which extends along the axial direction of the outer sleeve (1); Each of the dispensing cartridges (4) is fixed to the support rod (3) by a fastener (5) which is slidable along the fixing groove.

5. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading component also includes a cover plate (6), which is disposed at the top of the support rod (3) and is used to seal the opening of the outer sleeve (1).

6. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cover plate (6) has a slot (7) on its lower surface, which is adapted to the wall of the outer tube (1). After the cover plate (6) seals the opening of the outer tube (1), it is engaged with the wall of the outer tube (1) through the slot (7).

7. The mixed explosive spaced-charge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cover plate (6) is provided with lead wire outlet holes.

8. A blasting device, characterized in that, include: The mixed explosive spaced charge structure according to any one of claims 1-7; and, The explosives are loaded into multiple delivery cartridges (4).

9. A blasting method, characterized in that, Using the mixed explosive spaced charge structure according to any one of claims 1-7, the blasting method includes: Drilling holes; The explosives are sequentially loaded into multiple charging tubes (4); The support rod (3) together with the multiple discharge cartridges (4) are placed into the outer tube (1) to form a blasting device; Place the blasting device into the borehole; Detonate the explosive charge in the blasting device.

10. The blasting method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the blasting device is placed into the borehole and before the explosive charge in the blasting device is detonated, the blasting method further includes: loading packing material (11) above the blasting device.

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