Laser ranging device for main shaft of wind generating set

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a wind generating set spindle laser ranging device. Comprising a sensor module used for obtaining environment characteristic parameters; the laser ranging module is used for emitting two lasers with different wavelengths to the main shaft to obtain a first measurement distance and a second measurement distance; the dual-wavelength fusion module obtains a first error weight and a second error weight through the environment characteristic parameters, and processes the first measurement distance, the second measurement distance, the first error weight and the second error weight through a weighted average fusion strategy to obtain the distance of the main shaft; according to the invention, environmental parameters are introduced to carry out multi-wavelength fusion to correct the distance, so that the obtained distance of the main shaft is more accurate; when the device is applied to monitoring the running state of the main shaft of the wind generating set, higher measurement precision can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and specifically relates to a laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wind power generation, the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set is a key transmission component. The operating status of the main shaft can be characterized by axial and radial displacement. The operating status of the main shaft directly affects the power generation efficiency and reliability of the entire unit. Therefore, monitoring the axial and radial displacement of the main shaft of the wind turbine generator set is particularly important.

[0003] Monitoring the operating status of the main shaft of a wind turbine generator primarily relies on traditional mechanical measurement methods and some simple sensors. For example, contact displacement sensors are used to measure the axial displacement of the main shaft, but these sensors are prone to wear during contact with the main shaft, affecting measurement accuracy and service life.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Different environments can affect the propagation path and speed of laser sensors, resulting in low distance accuracy. Since the working environment of the main shaft of a wind turbine is at an altitude of 80 meters or more, its environmental parameters are different from those of a conventional environment, so the impact on the laser sensor is even greater.

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator. This invention corrects the distance by introducing environmental parameters and performing multi-wavelength fusion, making the obtained distance to the main shaft more accurate. When this device is applied to monitor the operating status of the main shaft of a wind turbine generator, higher measurement accuracy can be obtained. At the same time, since this device does not need to contact the main shaft when applied to the main shaft of a wind turbine generator, wear is avoided and service life is improved.

[0007] This invention includes the following technical solutions: This invention provides a laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set, comprising: The sensor module is used to obtain environmental characteristic parameters; The laser ranging module is used to emit two different wavelengths of laser light onto the main shaft to obtain a first measurement distance and a second measurement distance. The dual-wavelength fusion module obtains the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental feature parameters, and processes the first measurement distance, the second measurement distance, the first error weight and the second error weight through a weighted average fusion strategy to obtain the distance of the main axis. Wherein, the first error weight is the weight of the first measurement distance, the second error weight is the weight of the second measurement distance, and the first error weight + the first error weight = 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the environmental characteristic parameters include temperature, humidity, and dust concentration.

[0009] Furthermore, obtaining the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental characteristic parameters includes the following steps: Based on environmental parameters, a matching data set is selected from the weighting coefficient calibration database; Obtain the first error weight and the second error weight from the matched data set; The weight coefficient calibration database contains multiple sets of data, each set including environmental parameters, first error weight, and second error weight.

[0010] Furthermore, if no matching data group is selected in the weighted data based on environmental parameters, a matching data group is obtained through interpolation.

[0011] Furthermore, the establishment of the weight coefficient calibration database includes the following steps: Obtain the same environmental parameters The first measured distance Second measurement distance ; Based on the first measured distance The first standard deviation was calculated. According to the second measured distance The second standard deviation was calculated. ; According to the first standard deviation Second standard deviation The first error weight is calculated. Second error weight ; Environmental parameters First error weight Second error weight Form a data group; Repeat the above steps until multiple data sets are formed to obtain a weight coefficient calibration database; in, , , Indicates the number of distance measurements taken.

[0012] Furthermore, the two different wavelengths of laser light include infrared laser and green laser.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a laser adjustment module for adjusting the parameters of the laser emission module based on feedback information from the adaptive optics system.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a diagnostic module for monitoring the operating status of the laser rangefinder.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a data transmission module for transmitting the distance of the spindle to the monitoring center.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a packaging shell made of stainless steel, the surface of which is treated with fluorocarbon coating.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention corrects the distance by introducing environmental parameters and performing multi-wavelength fusion, making the distance of the main shaft more accurate. When this device is applied to the monitoring of the operating status of the main shaft of a wind turbine generator, higher measurement accuracy can be obtained. At the same time, since this device does not need to contact the main shaft when applied to the main shaft of a wind turbine generator, wear is avoided and service life is improved.

[0018] 2. This invention uses two different wavelengths of laser for distance measurement. By fusing the measurement results of the two wavelengths, the accuracy of the measurement and the ability to resist interference are effectively improved.

[0019] 3. The device of the present invention is equipped with an adaptive optics system, which can automatically adjust the emission and reception parameters of the laser according to the ambient lighting conditions and the reflection characteristics of the spindle surface, ensuring that a clear reflection signal can be obtained under different working conditions and improving the reliability of the measurement.

[0020] 4. The diagnostic module of the present invention has a self-diagnostic function, which can automatically detect its own operating status and issue an alarm signal in a timely manner when a fault occurs.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of the invention. The elements and arrangements described in the specific examples below are only for concise expression of the invention and are merely examples, not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] This embodiment provides a laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set, combined with... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The sensor module is used to obtain environmental characteristic parameters; The laser ranging module is used to emit two different wavelengths of laser light onto the main shaft to obtain a first measurement distance and a second measurement distance. The dual-wavelength fusion module obtains the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental feature parameters, and processes the first measurement distance, the second measurement distance, the first error weight and the second error weight through a weighted average fusion strategy to obtain the distance of the main axis. Wherein, the first error weight is the weight of the first measurement distance, the second error weight is the weight of the second measurement distance, and the first error weight + the first error weight = 1.

[0027] In this invention, the distance of the spindle is obtained by the following formula: distance of spindle = first measurement distance x first error weight + first measurement distance x second error weight.

[0028] This invention can be used to measure the axial and radial distances between two spindles. The device continuously acquires distance data, and the axial and radial displacements can be calculated from the continuously acquired distances. When measuring the axial displacement of the spindle, the device is mounted on the gearbox impeller, with the transmitter and receiver of the laser ranging module facing the axial end of the spindle. When measuring the radial displacement of the spindle, the device is mounted on the engine room platform.

[0029] In some embodiments, the environmental characteristic parameters include temperature, humidity, and dust concentration.

[0030] In some embodiments, obtaining the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental characteristic parameters includes the following steps: Based on environmental parameters, a matching data set is selected from the weighting coefficient calibration database; Obtain the first error weight and the second error weight from the matched data set; The weight coefficient calibration database contains multiple sets of data, each set including environmental parameters, first error weight, and second error weight.

[0031] In some embodiments, if no matching data group is selected in the weighted data based on environmental parameters, a matching data group is obtained by interpolation.

[0032] In some embodiments, the establishment of the weight coefficient calibration database includes the following steps: Obtain the same environmental parameters The first measured distance Second measurement distance ; Based on the first measured distance The first standard deviation was calculated. According to the second measured distance The second standard deviation was calculated. ; According to the first standard deviation Second standard deviation The first error weight is calculated. Second error weight ; Environmental parameters First error weight Second error weight Form a data group; Repeat the above steps until multiple data sets are formed to obtain a weight coefficient calibration database; in, , , Indicates the number of distance measurements taken.

[0033] For example, the first error weight =First standard deviation / First standard deviation +Second standard deviation Second error weight =First standard deviation / First standard deviation +Second standard deviation .

[0034] To further improve the accuracy of the measured distance of the main axis, in some implementations, the first standard deviation is calculated... Second standard deviation Previously, the 3σ criterion was used to remove outliers for the first measured distance. Second measurement distance Data preprocessing.

[0035] In some embodiments, the two different wavelengths of laser light include infrared laser and green laser.

[0036] For example, the laser emitting module includes a laser emitting unit, a laser receiving unit, and a signal processing unit.

[0037] The laser emitting unit contains two lasers with different wavelengths: an infrared laser with wavelength λ1 and a green laser with wavelength λ2. The lasers use pulsed emission, and the laser beam is focused onto the spindle surface by an optical lens group.

[0038] The infrared laser with wavelength λ1 is a 905nm pulsed semiconductor laser with an output power of 5-10mW, a pulse width of 10-50ns, and a pulse repetition frequency adjustable from 1kHz to 10kHz. The green laser with wavelength λ2 is a 532nm solid-state laser with an output power of 3-8mW, a pulse width of 5-30ns, and a pulse repetition frequency synchronized with the infrared laser. Both lasers comply with CLASS IIIB laser safety standards to avoid harm to personnel and other components of the unit.

[0039] The optical lens group employs an achromatic cemented doublet lens made of K9 glass, with a focal length of 20mm and an aperture of F / 2.0. This allows the laser beam to be focused into a spot with a diameter ≤0.5mm, reducing measurement errors caused by an excessively large spot. The lens group surface is coated with an anti-reflective film, achieving transmittance of 98% and 97% for wavelengths of 905nm and 532nm respectively, minimizing light energy loss.

[0040] The laser receiving unit consists of two photodetectors, which respectively receive the reflected signals of two different wavelengths of laser light. The photodetectors convert the received optical signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the signal processing unit.

[0041] Photodetector selection: For infrared lasers, InGaAs avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are selected, with a response wavelength range of 800-1100nm, peak responsivity ≥0.8A / W, and dark current ≤10nA, which can efficiently receive weak infrared reflected signals; for green lasers, Si PIN photodiodes are selected, with a response wavelength range of 400-1100nm, peak responsivity ≥0.5A / W, and dark current ≤5nA, which are suitable for receiving reflected signals in the visible light band.

[0042] Receiving optical path design: Equipped with a narrowband filter, allowing only light signals with wavelengths of 905nm±5nm and 532nm±5nm to pass through, filtering out stray light interference from other wavelengths in the environment. A condenser lens with a focal length of 15mm is located behind the filter, which can focus the reflected light onto the photosensitive surface of the detector, improving the signal reception strength.

[0043] In some embodiments, a laser adjustment module is further included, which is used to adjust the parameters of the laser emission module according to feedback information from the adaptive optics system.

[0044] For example, the adaptive optics system adjustment logic is as follows: The system has a built-in environmental sensing unit (including a light sensor and a reflectivity detection module) that collects ambient light intensity (range 0-100,000 lux) and spindle surface reflectivity (range 0.1-0.9) in real time. When the light intensity is >50,000 lux, the green laser power is automatically reduced (to avoid overexposure) and the infrared laser power is increased; when the spindle surface reflectivity is <0.3, the focal length of the optical lens group is automatically adjusted (adjustment range 15-25mm) and the detector gain is increased; the adjustment response time is ≤100ms to ensure rapid adaptation to environmental changes.

[0045] In some embodiments, a diagnostic module is also included for monitoring the operating status of the laser rangefinder.

[0046] For example, the operating status includes the working status of the laser emitting module (output power, pulse frequency), detector performance, power supply voltage (range 3.3-24V), and data transmission link (signal strength, packet loss rate). The diagnostic cycle is 1 second / time. When the laser output power is detected to be lower than 80% of the rated value, the power supply voltage is lower than 3.3V, or the data packet loss rate is greater than 5%, an alarm signal (including fault type and fault occurrence time) is immediately sent to the monitoring center through the data transmission module. At the same time, the device also provides a local LED indicator (solid red indicates a serious fault, and flashing yellow indicates a minor fault).

[0047] In some embodiments, the system further includes a data transmission module for transmitting the distance of the spindle to a monitoring center. It is also used to receive control commands sent by the monitoring center.

[0048] For example, the data transmission module uses wireless communication technology, such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee.

[0049] Communication method selection: Prioritizes Wi-Fi communication (compliant with IEEE 802.11n standard), with a transmission rate of up to 150Mbps and a communication distance of up to 50m within the cabin, meeting the requirements for short-range high-speed transmission. When the Wi-Fi signal is severely affected by electromagnetic interference, it automatically switches to ZigBee communication (compliant with IEEE 802.15.4 standard), with a transmission rate of 250kbps and a communication distance of up to 100m, offering stronger anti-interference capabilities. Seamless switching between the two communication methods is possible, with a switching time ≤500ms.

[0050] Data transmission content includes real-time measurement data (spindle distance) and device status data (operating parameters of each module, environmental parameters, and fault information). The data transmission cycle can be remotely set via the monitoring center, ranging from 100ms to 1 second, to meet different monitoring accuracy requirements. It also supports breakpoint resume functionality; when communication is interrupted and reconnected, the measurement data during the interruption period is automatically retransmitted to avoid data loss.

[0051] In some embodiments, the system further includes a housing made of stainless steel with a fluorocarbon coating. The protection rating reaches IP67, completely resisting rain and dust intrusion, and withstanding extreme temperatures from -40°C to 70°C and strong winds of up to 10 m / s. The stainless steel material is preferably 304 stainless steel.

[0052] Furthermore, the encapsulation shell adopts a sealed design, providing excellent waterproof, dustproof, and corrosion-resistant properties to adapt to the harsh wind farm environment. The overall dimensions of the encapsulation shell are 300mm × 200mm × 150mm (length × width × height), and its weight is ≤5kg, facilitating installation in the confined space of the wind turbine nacelle. The encapsulation shell contains shock-absorbing pads made of 5mm thick silicone, which absorb the impact force transmitted from the main shaft vibration to the device, preventing damage to internal modules due to vibration.

[0053] In some embodiments, a power module is also included: providing a stable power supply to the device, which can be either battery-powered or powered by an external power source. When battery-powered, it features a low-power design to extend the device's operating time.

[0054] Power supply: External power supply uses DC 24V input, compatible with the standard DC power supply in the wind turbine nacelle; battery power supply uses a lithium battery pack (capacity 12Ah, voltage 14.8V), made of lithium iron phosphate, with a cycle life of ≥2000 cycles, and has overcharge, over-discharge, and overcurrent protection functions. The two power supply methods can be automatically switched. When the external power supply is interrupted, the battery power supply can maintain continuous operation of the device for ≥48 hours.

[0055] Low power consumption design: In battery-powered mode, the device automatically enters a low power consumption state. At this time, the pulse repetition frequency of the laser emission module is reduced to 1kHz, the ADC sampling rate of the signal processing module is reduced to 500kHz, and the data transmission module adopts an intermittent wake-up mode (waking up once every 1 second to transmit data). The overall power consumption is reduced from 10W in normal operating mode to 3W, extending battery life.

[0056] Based on the structure of this embodiment: 1. High-precision measurement: ±1μm, capable of accurately measuring the axial displacement and radial displacement of the wind turbine generator main shaft, as well as the relative position between the main shaft and other components, with measurement accuracy down to the micrometer level.

[0057] 2. Real-time monitoring: Data transmission cycle 100ms-1s, adjustment response ≤100ms, real-time acquisition of spindle operating status data, and transmission of data to the monitoring system so that operators can understand the spindle's operating status in a timely manner.

[0058] 3. Strong anti-interference capability: IP67 protection, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMC level EN 61000-6-2), multi-wavelength fusion + adaptive adjustment to resist environmental influences, with effective anti-interference measures, able to resist the influence of electromagnetic interference, light changes, dust and other factors in the wind farm environment, ensuring the accuracy and stability of measurement.

[0059] 4. Easy installation and maintenance: Non-contact installation, weight ≤5kg, small size, no need for frequent calibration, self-diagnosis of faults, compact structure, flexible installation method, non-contact installation can be used to reduce the impact on spindle operation; at the same time, maintenance is convenient and there is no need for frequent shutdowns.

[0060] 5. Battery life: It can work continuously for ≥48 hours when powered by battery, and consumes 3W in low power mode.

[0061] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more.

[0062] All terms used in this invention (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0063] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, include: The sensor module is used to obtain environmental characteristic parameters; The laser ranging module is used to emit two different wavelengths of laser light onto the main shaft to obtain a first measurement distance and a second measurement distance. The dual-wavelength fusion module obtains the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental feature parameters, and processes the first measurement distance, the second measurement distance, the first error weight and the second error weight through a weighted average fusion strategy to obtain the distance of the main axis. Wherein, the first error weight is the weight of the first measurement distance, the second error weight is the weight of the second measurement distance, and the first error weight + the first error weight = 1.

2. The laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental characteristic parameters include temperature, humidity, and dust concentration.

3. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Obtaining the first error weight and the second error weight through environmental characteristic parameters includes the following steps: Based on environmental parameters, a matching data set is selected from the weighting coefficient calibration database; Obtain the first error weight and the second error weight from the matched data set; The weight coefficient calibration database contains multiple sets of data, each set including environmental parameters, first error weight, and second error weight.

4. The laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, If no matching data group is selected in the weighted data based on environmental parameters, a matching data group is obtained through interpolation.

5. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The establishment of the weight coefficient calibration database includes the following steps: Obtain the same environmental parameters The first measured distance Second measurement distance ; Based on the first measured distance The first standard deviation was calculated. According to the second measured distance The second standard deviation was calculated. ; According to the first standard deviation Second standard deviation The first error weight is calculated. Second error weight ; Environmental parameters First error weight Second error weight Form a data group; Repeat the above steps until multiple data sets are formed to obtain a weight coefficient calibration database; in, , , Indicates the number of distance measurements taken.

6. The laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two different wavelengths of laser light include infrared laser and green laser.

7. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a laser adjustment module, which is used to adjust the emission and reception parameters of the laser emission module based on feedback information from the adaptive optics system.

8. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a diagnostic module for monitoring the operating status of the laser rangefinder.

9. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a data transmission module for transmitting the distance of the spindle to the monitoring center.

10. A laser ranging device for the main shaft of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a packaging shell made of stainless steel, the surface of which is treated with fluorocarbon coating.

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