Electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism with multi-section adjustable opening characteristic and control method of electromagnetic repulsive force mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable opening characteristics and a control method of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. The mechanism comprises an opening coil, a closing coil, a metal disc, an insulating pull rod, a retaining device and an outer ring coil, the opening coil is arranged on one side of the metal disc, and the opening coil generates electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disc to drive the moving contact to move towards the opening direction; the closing coil is arranged on the other side of the metal disc and generates electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disc to drive the moving contact to move in the closing direction. The outer ring coil is arranged on the periphery of the metal disc in a surrounding manner, and after the metal disc enters the outer ring coil, the outer ring coil generates electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disc, so that the metal disc accelerates to drive the moving contact to move; the retaining devices are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the insulating pull rod and used for providing retaining force when opening and closing are in place. According to the invention, segmented adjustment of the opening characteristic curve of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can be realized, so that the motion characteristic of the mechanism is flexibly matched with the arcing characteristic of a long-gap and large-current vacuum arc, and the large-current breaking capacity of the rapid vacuum switch is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage switchgear technology, specifically to an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-stage adjustable tripping characteristics and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, among circuit breakers with voltage levels of 126kV and above, This type of product holds a monopoly position, and the global warming index of this gas is... It is 24,300 times stronger and has an atmospheric lifespan of up to 3,200 years, and its use is explicitly restricted by international conventions. Furthermore, new power systems place higher demands on the fault clearing time of high-voltage switchgear. IEEE Std 1564 TM -2014 indicates that when the fault clearing time of switchgear is within 20ms, even when using fast switches based on electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms, the opening time is only 1 / 20 of that of traditional switches. The voltage quality of most loads remains unaffected, the system's exposure time to short-circuit current surges is reduced by more than 60%, and transient stability is significantly improved. Therefore, vacuum breaking technology is crucial for switchgear... It is a thorough solution for the alternative objective.

[0003] However, the high current breaking capacity and fast breaking capacity of vacuum switches have both reached a bottleneck, mainly for the following reasons: First, the magnetic field strength of the long vacuum gap contact drops sharply, and the large current arc accumulates severely. The matching design method between the motion characteristics of the operating mechanism and the vacuum arcing mode is unknown. Second, although the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism has a fast opening speed and controllable opening phase, the opening curve of the traditional electromagnetic repulsion mechanism cannot be adjusted in segments, and there is a lack of means to optimize the arcing characteristics of long gap and high current vacuum arc, making it difficult to improve the high current breaking capacity of fast vacuum switches. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics and its control method. This mechanism can realize segmented adjustment of the tripping characteristic curve of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, so that the motion characteristics of the mechanism are flexibly matched with the arcing characteristics of long gap and high current vacuum arc, thereby improving the high current breaking capacity of fast vacuum switches and solving the problems of uncontrollable tripping process and severe arc accumulation during breaking process in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-stage adjustable tripping characteristics and its control method in this invention adopt the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention discloses an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-stage adjustable tripping characteristics, comprising: a tripping coil, a closing coil, a metal disk, an insulating pull rod, a holding device, and at least one outer loop coil; The tripping coil is located on one side of the metal disk, which is connected to the moving contact via an insulating pull rod. The tripping coil generates an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk after being energized, causing the metal disk to move the moving contact in the tripping direction. The closing coil is located on the other side of the metal disk and generates an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk after being energized, causing the metal disk to move the moving contact in the closing direction. The outer ring coil is arranged around the periphery of the metal disk. When the metal disk enters the effective range of the outer ring coil, the outer ring coil is energized and generates an electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disk, causing the metal disk to accelerate and drive the moving contact to move. The retaining devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insulating tie rod to provide retaining force when the switch is in the opening or closing position.

[0006] Preferably, the retaining device includes: a spring housing, a spring, a connecting rod, and a piston; The spring is housed within the spring housing. One end of the piston is connected to the spring, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod. The spring housing is symmetrically connected to both sides of the insulating pull rod via the connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the trip coil, the closing coil, and the outer loop coil each include a discharge circuit connected to them, and the discharge circuit includes a pre-charge capacitor, a thyristor, and a freewheeling diode.

[0008] Preferably, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism further includes a displacement sensor, which is mounted on the insulating rod, for measuring the travel distance of the metal disc and thus determining the discharge time of the outer ring coil.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a control method for controlling an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics according to the first aspect, comprising: a tripping control method and a closing control method; The tripping control method is as follows: the tripping coil is energized, and the metal disk moves along the tripping direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion. When the metal disk moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located, the discharge circuit of the outer ring coil is energized, and the metal disk is accelerated along the tripping direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion of the outer ring coil, thus completing the tripping stroke. The closing control method is as follows: the closing coil is energized, and the metal disk moves along the closing direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion. When the metal disk moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located, the discharge circuit of the outer ring coil is energized, and the metal disk is accelerated along the closing direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion of the outer ring coil again, thus completing the closing stroke.

[0010] Preferably, the tripping control method includes: a control method under short-arc conditions, comprising the following steps: Within one half-wave of a short-circuit current, after the short-circuit current crosses zero, the control trip coil is energized, and the metal disc drives the moving contact to open the gap through the insulating pull rod; The short-circuit current gradually increases until it reaches the peak value, after which the short-circuit current decreases, the effect of the trip coil weakens, and the speed of the metal disc decreases. Before the short-circuit current drops to zero, the metal disc moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located, controls the outer ring coil to be energized, and the metal disc is accelerated by force again, which drives the moving contact to open the gap and complete the tripping.

[0011] Preferably, the tripping control method includes: a control method under prolonged arcing conditions, comprising the following steps: Within the two half-waves of the short-circuit current, at the latter half of the first half-wave, the control trip coil is energized, and the metal disc drives the moving contact to open the gap through the insulating pull rod. The short-circuit current gradually decreases to the first current zero crossing point. Under the long arcing condition, the arc reignites. As the short-circuit current gradually increases until it reaches its peak value, the short-circuit current decreases, the effect of the tripping coil weakens, and the speed of the metal disk decreases. Before the short-circuit current drops to the second current zero-crossing point, the metal disk moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located, controls the outer ring coil to be energized, and the metal disk is accelerated by force again, which drives the moving contact to open the gap, so that the circuit breaker is opened when the short-circuit current reaches the second current zero-crossing point.

[0012] Preferably, the metal disk moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located by adjusting the displacement of the metal disk as detected by the displacement sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the metal disk moves to the plane where the outer ring coil is located by controlling the outer ring coil to be energized for a preset energizing time, so that the metal disk reaches the plane where the outer ring coil is located.

[0014] Preferably, the preset energizing time is when the short-circuit current begins to decrease after reaching its peak value, and the time corresponding to when the short-circuit current decreases to a set threshold value is the preset energizing time.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following: The purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics and its control method. This mechanism can realize segmented adjustment of the tripping characteristic curve of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. Based on this mechanism, tripping curves and control methods for short-arc and long-arc conditions are proposed, so that the motion characteristics of the mechanism can be flexibly matched with the arcing characteristics of long-gap, high-current vacuum arcs, thereby improving the high-current breaking capacity of fast vacuum switches and solving the problems of uncontrollable tripping process and severe arc accumulation during breaking in existing technologies.

[0016] The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of this invention features discretely arranged adjacent outer loop coils. By pre-designing appropriate parameters such as capacitor capacity, pre-charge voltage, number of coil turns, outer loop coil position, and holding force, the mechanism can rapidly increase the opening distance during the initial opening phase by discharging the opening coil, thus shortening the duration of the strong arcing mode at short opening distances. During the arcing phase, when the current reaches near the critical value that causes arc accumulation, the mechanism is subjected to a holding force, reducing the opening speed. The opening distance control maintains the arc-controlling magnetic field strength, suppressing arc accumulation and reducing contact erosion. During the final arcing phase... Under the premise of ensuring that the arc current value cannot maintain the concentrated arc, before the current crosses zero, the pre-set outer loop coil discharges, causing the metal disk to accelerate again and drive the moving contact away from the stationary contact, accelerating the opening distance and quickly establishing the post-arc insulation strength. At the same time, it reduces the binding of the residual magnetism of the contact on the post-arc plasma and accelerates the recovery speed of the post-arc dielectric strength. Before the circuit breaker is fully opened, a buffering mechanism is introduced to reduce the mechanical impact and vibration of the circuit breaker being fully opened, ultimately realizing the "fast, slow, fast, slow" opening strategy and arc control method, effectively optimizing the breaking characteristics of the vacuum switch. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the mechanism's tripping speed curve and the arc current curve under short-arc burning conditions; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the mechanism's tripping speed curve and the arc current curve under long-arc burning conditions. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-stage adjustable tripping characteristics; Figure 1 In the circuit: 1. Stationary contact; 2. Moving contact; 3. Displacement sensor; 4. Insulating pull rod; 5. Spring housing; 6. Spring; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Piston; 9. Opening coil; 10. Metal disc; 11. Outer ring coil; 12. Closing coil; VT n For discharge circuit thyristors; VD n C is a freewheeling diode for the discharge circuit; n Pre-charge capacitor for the discharge circuit; Figure 2 In the diagram: I represents the short-circuit current; I max V is the peak value of the short-circuit current; V is the opening speed of the mechanism; V1 is the peak speed of the mechanism after the opening coil discharges; V2 is the peak speed of the mechanism after the outer ring coil discharges; t0 is the discharge time of the opening coil; t1 is the time corresponding to V1; t2 is the peak time of the short-circuit current; t3 is the discharge time of the outer ring coil; t4 is the current zero-crossing point; t5 is the time corresponding to V2; t6 is the opening time. Figure 3 In the diagram: I represents the short-circuit current; Imax V is the peak short-circuit current; V is the mechanism's opening speed; V1 is the peak speed of the mechanism after the opening coil discharges; V2 is the peak speed of the mechanism after the outer ring coil discharges; t0 is the moment the opening coil discharges; t z t1 is the first current zero-crossing point; t2 is the moment corresponding to V1; t3 is the moment of peak short-circuit current; t4 is the moment of discharge of the outer loop coil; t5 is the moment corresponding to V2; t6 is the moment of tripping. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0019] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics, comprising: tripping coil 9, closing coil 12, metal disk 10, insulating pull rod 4, displacement sensor 3, holding device and at least one outer loop coil 11; The trip coil 9 is located on one side of the metal disk 10. The metal disk 10 is connected to the moving contact 2 via the insulating pull rod 4. The stationary contact 1 is arranged opposite to the moving contact 2.

[0021] The trip coil 9 is used to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk 10 after being energized, so that the metal disk 10 drives the moving contact 2 to move in the tripping direction through the insulating pull rod 4. The trip coil 9 also includes a discharge circuit connected to the trip coil 9, the discharge circuit including: a pre-charge capacitor, a thyristor, and a freewheeling diode.

[0022] The closing coil 12 is located on the other side of the metal disk 10. It is used to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk 10 after being energized, so that the metal disk 10 drives the insulating pull rod 4 and the moving contact 2 to move in the closing direction. The closing coil 12 also includes a discharge circuit connected to the closing coil 12, the discharge circuit including: a pre-charge capacitor, a thyristor, and a freewheeling diode.

[0023] The outer ring coil 11 surrounds the movement trajectory of the metal disk 10 (the metal disk 10 only moves up and down along the axial direction), and its radius is larger than that of the metal disk 10. During the opening process, the metal disk 10 can pass through the outer ring coil 11. When the metal disk 10 enters the effective range of the outer ring coil 11, the outer ring coil 11 is energized and generates an electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disk 10, causing the metal disk 10 to accelerate and drive the insulating pull rod 4 and the moving contact 2 to move in the opening direction. In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, by setting multiple outer ring coils 11, the energizer can be triggered sequentially according to the displacement of the metal disk 10, so that the metal disk 10 can be accelerated multiple times during the movement, and can be continuously accelerated to quickly open the gap when the short circuit current is small and the probability of arc accumulation is low.

[0024] More preferably, the plurality of outer ring coils 11 can be fitted together.

[0025] The outer ring coil 11 also includes a discharge circuit connected to the outer ring coil 11, the discharge circuit including: a pre-charge capacitor, a thyristor, and a freewheeling diode.

[0026] In the discharge circuit of the trip coil 9, the closing coil 12, and the outer ring coil 11, VT n For the discharge circuit thyristor, VD n C is the freewheeling diode in the discharge circuit. n This is a pre-charge capacitor for the discharge circuit.

[0027] The retaining device includes: a spring housing 5, a spring 6, a connecting rod 7, and a piston 8; The spring 6 is disposed inside the spring housing 5. The spring housing 5 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the insulating pull rod 4 and connected to the insulating pull rod 4 via the connecting rod 7. When the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is in the open or closed state, the spring 6 is set with a certain pre-compression amount to provide the holding force when the open or closed position is reached. By changing the pre-compression amount and elastic coefficient of the spring 6, the output force characteristics of the holding mechanism are adjusted, thereby adjusting the opening characteristic curve of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

[0028] Specifically, the piston 8 is connected to one end of the spring 6, and the other end is connected to the insulating pull rod 4 via the connecting rod 7. When the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is in the open or closed position, the spring 6 is in a compressed state, generating a horizontal thrust on the piston 8. This thrust is transmitted to the insulating pull rod 4 via the connecting rod 7, keeping the insulating pull rod 4, the metal disc 10, and the moving contact 2 in the open or closed position, i.e., holding force. When the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism performs opening or closing operations, the metal disc 10 drives the insulating pull rod 4 and the moving contact 2 to move. The connecting rod 7 moves under the drive of the insulating pull rod 4, and its horizontal length increases. This further compresses the spring 6 through the piston 8, creating resistance to the transmission components. When the position where the insulating pull rod 4 and the connecting rod 7 are connected passes the position where the piston 8 and the connecting rod 7 are connected, the force exerted by the spring 6 on the transmission components reverses and becomes a driving force. This force continues until the transmission components reach their end point. The force exerted by the spring 6 on the transmission components then becomes a holding force, keeping them in the opening or closing position.

[0029] The displacement sensor 3 is a travel recorder or a laser ranging module, which is mounted on the insulating pull rod 4 to measure the travel of the metal disk 10 and determine the discharge time of the outer ring coil 11.

[0030] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a control method based on a repulsive force mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics as described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: When the circuit breaker is opened, the opening coil 9 is energized, and the metal disk 10 moves along the opening direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion. When the metal disk 10 moves to the vicinity of the plane where the outer ring coil 11 is located, the discharge circuit controlling the outer ring coil 11 is energized, and the metal disk 10 is once again accelerated by the electromagnetic repulsion of the outer ring coil 11 to move along the opening direction, thus completing the opening stroke. When the circuit is closed, the closing coil 12 is energized, and the metal disk 10 moves along the closing direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion. When the metal disk 10 moves to the vicinity of the plane where the outer ring coil 11 is located, the discharge circuit controlling the outer ring coil 11 is energized, and the metal disk 10 is once again accelerated by the electromagnetic repulsion of the outer ring coil 11 to move along the closing direction, thus completing the closing stroke.

[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a control method for the mechanism tripping under short-arc conditions, comprising the following steps: Within a half-wave of a short-circuit current, after the short-circuit current I crosses zero, at time t0 when the instantaneous value of the short-circuit current I is relatively small, the trip coil 9 and its discharge circuit are energized, generating an electromagnetic repulsive force that drives the metal disk 10 to quickly pull the moving contact 2 away from the stationary contact 1 through the insulating pull rod 4. At time t1, the speed of the metal disk 10 reaches the peak speed V1 of the mechanism after the trip coil 9 discharges. In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, when the short-circuit current detection algorithm is running at high speed, t0 should be as close as possible to the previous zero crossing point so that the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can achieve a greater tripping distance within this half-wave, making the short arc tripping condition (arc time less than 10ms) suitable for vacuum circuit breakers with higher voltage levels and longer opening distances.

[0032] The short-circuit current I gradually increases until it reaches the peak short-circuit current I0.max At time t1~t2, the effect of the trip coil 9 gradually weakens, and the speed of the metal disk 10 decreases under the resistance of the holding force and self-closing force of the spring 6. At this time, it is beneficial to maintain the magnetic field strength of the contact and avoid the accumulation of large current arc. Reaching the peak short-circuit current I max Afterwards, the short-circuit current I decreases, i.e., between t2 and t3. Before the short-circuit current I drops to zero, the metal disk 10 moves to the vicinity of the plane of the outer ring coil 11, i.e., at t3. The outer ring coil 11 is energized, and the metal disk 10 is accelerated by force again, causing the moving contact 2 to open the gap. When the short-circuit current I crosses zero, i.e., at t4, there is a sufficient insulation distance between the moving contact 2 and the stationary contact 1, and the binding effect of the residual magnetism of the contact on the gap plasma is reduced. This allows charged particles to diffuse freely and quickly to the periphery of the contact gap, and the contact gap can recover to a high insulation state more quickly, greatly reducing the probability of arc reignition and ensuring the success of the interruption.

[0033] After the short-circuit current I drops to zero, the metal disk 10 continues to accelerate until it reaches the peak speed V2 of the mechanism after the outer ring coil 11 discharges at time t5. Then, under the action of the holding mechanism as a buffer, the speed of the metal disk 10 decreases until it is in the tripped position at time t6.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a control method for a repulsion mechanism during the tripping of the mechanism under long-arc burning conditions, comprising the following steps: During the two half-waves of the short-circuit current, at the latter half of the first half-wave, i.e., time t0, the control trip coil 9 and its discharge current are energized, generating an electromagnetic repulsive force that drives the metal disk 10 to quickly separate the moving contact 2 from the stationary contact 1 via the insulating pull rod 4. At time t1, the speed of the metal disk 10 reaches the peak speed V1 of the mechanism after the trip coil 9 discharges, and the short-circuit current I gradually decreases to the first current zero-crossing point, i.e., t z At that moment, due to the small opening distance, the arc reignited. The short-circuit current I gradually increases until it reaches the peak short-circuit current I0. max At time t1~t2, the effect of the trip coil 9 gradually weakens, and the metal disk 10 is reduced in speed due to the resistance of the spring 6 holding force and self-closing force, which is conducive to maintaining the magnetic field strength of the contact and avoiding the accumulation of large current arc. Reaching the peak short-circuit current I maxAfterwards, the short-circuit current I decreases, i.e., between t2 and t3. Before the short-circuit current I reaches the second current zero-crossing point, i.e., at t3, the metal disk 10 moves to the vicinity of the plane of the outer ring coil 11. At this time, the outer ring coil 11 is energized, and the metal disk 10 is accelerated again, causing the moving contact 2 to open the gap. When the short-circuit current reaches the second current zero-crossing point, i.e., at t4, there is a sufficient insulation distance between the moving contact 2 and the stationary contact 1, and the binding effect of the residual magnetism of the contact on the gap plasma is reduced. This allows charged particles to diffuse freely and quickly to the periphery of the contact gap, and the contact gap can recover to a high insulation state more quickly, greatly reducing the probability of arc reignition and ensuring the success of the interruption.

[0035] After the short-circuit current I drops to the second current zero crossing point, the metal disk 10 continues to accelerate until it reaches the peak speed V2 of the mechanism after the outer ring coil 11 discharges at time t5. Then, under the buffering effect of the holding mechanism, the speed of the metal disk 10 decreases until it is in the tripped position at time t6.

[0036] In any of the control methods in Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4, when the repulsion mechanism performs the opening operation, the opening coil 9 is controlled to discharge first, and the metal disk 10 is subjected to electromagnetic repulsion and moves along the opening direction. Then, based on the displacement of the metal disk 10 detected by the displacement sensor 3, it is determined whether the metal disk 10 has reached the vicinity of the plane where the outer ring coil 11 is located. After reaching it, the outer ring coil 11 and its discharge circuit are controlled to discharge, and the metal disk 10 is subjected to electromagnetic repulsion and accelerates towards the opening end point.

[0037] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, when determining whether the metal disk 10 has reached the plane where the outer ring coil 11 is located, if the displacement sensor 3 is not provided, the discharge time of the outer ring coil 11 and its discharge circuit and the discharge time of the trip coil 9 and its discharge circuit can be preset to achieve the discharge of the outer ring coil and its discharge circuit 11 after the metal disk 10 reaches the vicinity of the plane where the outer ring coil 11 is located, so that the metal disk 10 is accelerated again by the electromagnetic repulsion.

[0038] Specifically, because the short-circuit current I passes through the peak value I max Afterwards, the current begins to decrease, and the probability of arc accumulation gradually decreases. The present invention proposes that when the short-circuit current I drops to a set threshold, the metal disk 10 will accelerate again to drive the moving contact 2 to pull away. Therefore, time t3 represents the time when the short-circuit current I drops to the set threshold.

[0039] Because the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism has low temporal dispersion, meaning the overlap of the tripping characteristic curves between each operation is high, after determining the discharge time t0 of the tripping coil 9 and the peak speed V1 of the mechanism after the discharge of the tripping coil 9, the time t3 can be calculated based on the preset short-circuit current threshold. Then, t3 is substituted into the tripping characteristic curve determined by t0 and V1 to calculate the displacement of the metal disk 10 at this time. The plane where the metal disk 10 is located at this time is the position where the outer ring coil 11 is arranged. Since the discharge time t3 and the arrangement position of the outer ring coil 11 can be calculated, the outer ring coil 11 can be controlled to discharge at the preset time t3 without setting the displacement sensor 3.

[0040] The electromagnetic repulsion operating mechanism also includes a controller; The controller is connected to the displacement sensor 3 and is used to acquire the displacement data of the metal disk 10; The controller is also connected to each coil and its discharge circuit to control the energization of the corresponding coil. The controller is also connected to each coil and its discharge circuit to control the corresponding outer ring coil 11 to be energized at a preset discharge time t3, that is, when the metal disk 10 moves to the outer ring coil 11.

[0041] During the above-mentioned opening process, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism rapidly increases the opening distance in the initial stage of opening, shortening the time of the strong arcing mode when the opening distance is short. In the arcing stage, when the current reaches the critical value that causes the arc to accumulate, the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism decreases. The opening distance control maintains the arc-controlling magnetic field strength, suppresses arc accumulation, and reduces contact erosion. In the final stage of arcing, under the premise that the arc current value cannot maintain the arc in a concentrated state, the opening distance is rapidly increased before the current crosses zero, quickly establishing the post-arc insulation strength. At the same time, the residual magnetism of the contacts reduces the binding of the post-arc plasma, accelerates the recovery speed of the post-arc dielectric strength, and effectively improves the high-current breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0042] In summary, this invention provides an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics and its control method. This mechanism can achieve segmented adjustment of the tripping characteristic curve of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, enabling flexible matching of the mechanism's motion characteristics with the arcing characteristics of long-gap, high-current vacuum arcs, thereby improving the high-current breaking capacity of fast vacuum switches and solving the problems of uncontrollable tripping process and severe arc accumulation during breaking in existing technologies.

[0043] The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of this invention features discretely arranged adjacent outer loop coils. By pre-designing appropriate parameters such as capacitor capacity, pre-charge voltage, number of coil turns, outer loop coil position, and holding force, the mechanism can rapidly increase the opening distance during the initial opening phase by discharging the opening coil, thus shortening the duration of the strong arcing mode at short opening distances. During the arcing phase, when the current reaches near the critical value that causes arc accumulation, the mechanism is subjected to a holding force, reducing the opening speed. The opening distance control maintains the arc-controlling magnetic field strength, suppressing arc accumulation and reducing contact erosion. During the final arcing phase... Under the premise of ensuring that the arc current value cannot maintain the concentrated arc, before the current crosses zero, the pre-set outer loop coil discharges, causing the metal disk to accelerate again and drive the moving contact away from the stationary contact, accelerating the opening distance and quickly establishing the post-arc insulation strength. At the same time, it reduces the binding of the residual magnetism of the contact on the post-arc plasma and accelerates the recovery speed of the post-arc dielectric strength. Before the circuit breaker is fully opened, a buffering mechanism is introduced to reduce the mechanical impact and vibration of the circuit breaker being fully opened, ultimately realizing the "fast, slow, fast, slow" opening strategy and arc control method, effectively optimizing the breaking characteristics of the vacuum switch.

[0044] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0046] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0047] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-stage adjustable tripping characteristics, characterized in that, include: The circuit consists of a tripping coil (9), a closing coil (12), a metal disc (10), an insulating pull rod (4), a holding device, and at least one outer ring coil (11). The tripping coil (9) is located on one side of the metal disk (10), and the metal disk (10) is connected to the moving contact (2) through the insulating pull rod (4). The tripping coil (9) is used to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk (10) after being energized, so that the metal disk (10) drives the moving contact (2) to move in the tripping direction. The closing coil (12) is located on the other side of the metal disk (10), and is used to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force on the metal disk (10) after being energized, so that the metal disk (10) drives the moving contact (2) to move in the closing direction. The outer ring coil (11) is arranged around the periphery of the metal disk (10). When the metal disk (10) enters the effective range of the outer ring coil (11), the outer ring coil (11) is energized and generates an electromagnetic repulsive force on the metal disk (10), causing the metal disk (10) to accelerate and drive the moving contact (2) to move. The retaining device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insulating tie rod (4) to provide retaining force when the switch is in the opening and closing position.

2. The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining device includes: a spring housing (5), a spring (6), a connecting rod (7), and a piston (8); The spring (6) is disposed inside the spring housing (5). One end of the piston (8) is connected to the spring (6), and the other end is connected to the connecting rod (7). The spring housing (5) is symmetrically connected to both sides of the insulating pull rod (4) through the connecting rod (7).

3. The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trip coil (9), the closing coil (12), and the outer ring coil (11) each include a discharge circuit connected to them, and the discharge circuit includes a pre-charge capacitor, a thyristor, and a freewheeling diode.

4. The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism further includes a displacement sensor (3), which is mounted on the insulating pull rod (4) to measure the travel of the metal disk (10) and thus determine the discharge time of the outer ring coil (11).

5. A control method for controlling an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism with multi-segment adjustable tripping characteristics according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Opening control method and closing control method; The tripping control method is as follows: the tripping coil (9) is energized, the metal disk (10) moves along the tripping direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion, and when the metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located, the discharge circuit of the outer ring coil (11) is energized, and the metal disk (10) is accelerated to move along the tripping direction under the action of electromagnetic repulsion of the outer ring coil (11) again, thus completing the tripping stroke; The closing control method is as follows: the closing coil (12) is energized, the metal disk (10) is subjected to electromagnetic repulsion and moves along the closing direction. When the metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located, the discharge circuit of the outer ring coil (11) is energized, and the metal disk (10) is subjected to electromagnetic repulsion from the outer ring coil (11) again and moves faster along the closing direction to complete the closing stroke.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tripping control method includes: a control method under short-arc conditions, comprising the following steps: Within one half-wave of a short-circuit current, after the short-circuit current crosses zero, the control trip coil (9) is energized, and the metal disc (10) drives the moving contact (2) to open the gap through the insulating pull rod (4); As the short-circuit current gradually increases until it reaches the peak value, the short-circuit current decreases, the effect of the trip coil (9) weakens, and the speed of the metal disk (10) decreases. Before the short-circuit current drops to zero, the metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located, controls the outer ring coil (11) to be energized, and the metal disk (10) is accelerated by force again, which drives the moving contact (2) to open the gap and complete the circuit breaker opening.

7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tripping control method includes: a control method under prolonged arcing conditions, comprising the following steps: Within the two short-circuit current half-waves, at the latter half of the first half-wave, the control trip coil (9) is energized, and the metal disc (10) drives the moving contact (2) to open the gap through the insulating pull rod (4). The short-circuit current gradually decreases to the first current zero crossing point. Under the long arcing condition, the arc reignites. The short-circuit current gradually increases until it reaches the peak value of the short-circuit current, then the short-circuit current decreases, the effect of the trip coil (9) weakens, and the speed of the metal disk (10) decreases. Before the short-circuit current drops to the second current zero-crossing point, the metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located, controls the outer ring coil (11) to be energized, and the metal disk (10) is accelerated by force again, driving the moving contact (2) to open the gap, so that when the short-circuit current reaches the second current zero-crossing point, the circuit breaker is opened.

8. A control method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located. According to the displacement of the metal disk (10) detected by the displacement sensor (3), the metal disk (10) reaches the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located.

9. A control method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, When the metal disk (10) moves to the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located, the outer ring coil (11) is energized according to the preset energizing time, so that the metal disk (10) reaches the plane where the outer ring coil (11) is located.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The preset energizing time is when the short-circuit current begins to decrease after reaching its peak value, and the time corresponding to when the short-circuit current decreases to a set threshold value is the preset energizing time.

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