Double-closed-loop adjusting method and system of laser

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-closed-loop adjustment method and system of a laser. The double-closed-loop adjusting method of the laser comprises the following steps: acquiring the actual output power of the laser in real time, performing power closed-loop control according to the actual output power, acquiring the core temperature of the laser in real time, and performing temperature closed-loop control according to the core temperature; and in response to the constant target power, when the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation and control condition, starting a feedforward compensation mechanism of temperature closed-loop control until the current fluctuation does not meet the rapid regulation and control condition any more. By means of the mode, the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of the laser crystal can reach the optimal state within the full-power range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of lasers, and in particular to a dual closed-loop control method and system for lasers. Background Technology

[0002] While single-power closed-loop feedback control can achieve linear power output and ensure basic power stability to some extent in laser control systems, its regulation mechanism has significant limitations. It adjusts the pump current solely through the power feedback signal, failing to consider the changes in the thermophysical properties of the laser crystal across different power ranges. Specifically, when the laser operates in different power ranges, the thermal accumulation effect of the crystal due to pump light energy absorption varies significantly. Relying solely on a single fixed temperature point for regulation will prevent the crystal's photoelectric conversion efficiency from reaching its optimal state across the entire power range. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a dual closed-loop control method and system for lasers to solve the problem that the optical-optical conversion efficiency of laser crystals cannot reach the optimal state across the entire power range.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a dual closed-loop regulation method for a laser, comprising: real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser and power closed-loop control based on the actual output power; simultaneously, real-time acquisition of the core temperature of the laser and temperature closed-loop control based on the core temperature; in response to a constant target power, when the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition, activating the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

[0005] In some embodiments, the step of activating the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control when the current fluctuation meets the rapid adjustment condition under constant target power includes: in response to the continuous detection of the current change of the laser being greater than a preset change threshold within a preset window time under constant target power, calculating the temperature feedforward compensation amount; correcting the temperature setpoint of the temperature closed-loop control through the feedforward compensation amount, and adaptively adjusting the calculation parameters of the temperature closed-loop control.

[0006] In some embodiments, the real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser and the power closed-loop control based on the actual output power include: acquiring the actual output power of the laser in real time at a preset sampling frequency; calculating a power deviation signal based on the actual output power and the current target output power; and converting the limited power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command to drive the laser.

[0007] In some embodiments, converting the limited power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command includes: converting the power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command within a target range using a positional proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the real-time acquisition of the core temperature of the laser and the temperature closed-loop control based on the core temperature include: real-time acquisition of the core temperature of the laser, and matching an optimal target temperature in a preset database based on the current target output power of the laser; calculating a temperature deviation signal based on the core temperature and the optimal target temperature; and driving the crystal temperature control furnace of the laser to correct the temperature through the temperature deviation signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, calculating the temperature deviation signal based on the core temperature and the optimal target temperature includes: calculating the temperature deviation value between the core temperature and the optimal target temperature; and converting the temperature deviation value into the temperature deviation signal using an adaptive integral-integral-differential algorithm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the dual closed-loop adjustment method further includes: after the laser has accumulated light output for each unit time, sampling is performed in the temperature range surrounding the current optimal target temperature using a step scanning method, and a sampling point is obtained in each of the surrounding temperature ranges; the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point is recalculated based on the photo-to-photon conversion efficiency of each sampling point; and the optimal target temperature of each power segment in the database is updated based on the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dual closed-loop regulation method further includes: when updating the optimal target temperature of each power in the database, the pump current regulation command is corrected in real time by a preset compensation coefficient matrix, wherein the fluctuation amplitude of the corrected pump current regulation command is not greater than a preset fluctuation threshold.

[0012] To address the aforementioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a dual-closed-loop control system for a laser, used to implement the dual-closed-loop control method described above, comprising: a crystal temperature control furnace, used to acquire the crystal core temperature of the laser in real time, and controlled by a temperature deviation signal and a pump source drive signal to regulate the output of the laser; a temperature controller, used to control the crystal temperature control furnace according to the core temperature to perform temperature closed-loop control; a power controller, used to acquire the actual output power of the laser in real time, and generate a pump source drive signal according to the actual output power to perform power closed-loop control; and a cross-coupling control unit, used to link the temperature controller and the power controller, and in response to a constant target power, when the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition, to activate the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power controller includes: a photodiode sensor for real-time acquisition of the actual output light intensity of the laser, converting the actual output light intensity into a corresponding actual output power, and calculating a power deviation signal; a proportional-integral-derivative controller for limiting the power deviation signal and converting the limited power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command; a laser diode driving module for converting the pump current adjustment command into a driving current; and a laser diode pump source for adjusting the pump light energy input according to the driving current to control the stimulated emission intensity of the laser and thus control the operating temperature of the laser.

[0014] This application also provides a computer device, the computer device comprising: a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing instructions; the at least one processor calling the instructions in the memory to cause the computer device to perform the dual closed-loop regulation method as described above.

[0015] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the dual closed-loop regulation method described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this application discloses a dual-loop control method and system for lasers. It involves real-time acquisition of the laser's actual output power and corresponding power closed-loop control, while simultaneously real-time acquisition of the laser's core temperature and corresponding temperature closed-loop control. This dynamic adjustment of the laser's power output and temperature ensures the laser crystal always operates within the peak range of its electro-optical conversion efficiency, overcoming the limitation of a single power closed-loop control that does not consider changes in crystal thermal characteristics. Through a cross-coupling mechanism, the optimal crystal temperature is automatically matched across different power ranges, ultimately improving electro-optical conversion efficiency. Furthermore, in response to a constant target power, when current fluctuations meet the conditions for rapid adjustment, a feedforward compensation mechanism for temperature closed-loop control is activated until the current fluctuations no longer meet the rapid adjustment conditions. This pre-correction of the temperature setpoint offsets crystal thermal load fluctuations caused by current changes, achieving a dual-loop coordinated adjustment delay ≤50ms. This prevents current fluctuations from causing crystal temperature lag and affecting conversion efficiency, maintaining the stability of the crystal's operating state during dynamic power adjustment. It achieves the global optimization of the laser crystal's photoelectric conversion efficiency across the entire power dynamic range, while ensuring linear output and long-term stability of the laser power, enabling the laser to operate efficiently and stably across the entire power range, thus breaking through the technical bottleneck of single closed-loop control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the dual closed-loop modulation method for lasers provided in this application; Figure 2 Is it like this? Figure 1 The flowchart of step 100 of the method shown is a schematic diagram of an embodiment. Figure 3 Is it like this? Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating another embodiment of method step 100 is shown. Figure 4 Is it like this? Figure 3 The flowchart of step 150 of the method shown is a schematic diagram of an embodiment. Figure 5 Is it like this? Figure 1 The flowchart of step 200 of the method shown is a schematic diagram of one embodiment; Figure 6 Is it like this? Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the method shown; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dual closed-loop control system for a laser provided in this application; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a medium-power controller. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0020] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0021] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the dual-closed-loop control method for a laser provided in this application. The dual-closed-loop control method for a laser includes the following steps: 100: Real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser, and power closed-loop control based on the actual output power; at the same time, real-time acquisition of the core temperature of the laser, and temperature closed-loop control based on the core temperature.

[0022] Power closed-loop control is a feedback mechanism that dynamically adjusts the pump source drive current in real time based on the deviation between the target power and the actual output power using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm, in order to achieve linear output and stability control of laser power.

[0023] Temperature closed-loop control is a feedback mechanism that adjusts the crystal temperature control furnace based on the deviation between the optimal crystal temperature corresponding to the target power and the actual core temperature, using a PID control algorithm to keep the crystal temperature within the optimal range.

[0024] Upon system startup, a hardware self-test is performed, and a pre-built optimal temperature database corresponding to the full power range is loaded. Subsequently, the light intensity of the probe optical path is acquired in real time, converted into an actual output power value, and adaptive power adjustment is performed based on the set target output power to achieve power closed-loop control. The temperature of the laser crystal core region is acquired in real time, and adaptive temperature adjustment is performed based on the deviation between the optimal target temperature and the actual core temperature to achieve temperature closed-loop control.

[0025] The full power range is 10W-500W.

[0026] The actual output power is obtained by separating the laser beam into a probe optical path and a main optical path using tail mirror beam splitting technology, and then using a photodiode (PD) sensor to perform high-precision detection of the light intensity of the probe optical path and converting it into the actual power value emitted by the laser.

[0027] The power closed loop and temperature closed loop operate synchronously and are linked by a cross-coupled control algorithm: when the power loop adjusts the pump current, causing a change in the crystal's thermal load, the temperature loop responds synchronously to ensure that the crystal always operates within the peak range of photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0028] The core temperature is the temperature of the core region of the laser crystal, which is monitored in real time by a high-precision temperature sensor, such as the PT1000.

[0029] The long-term stability of output power for at least 8 hours has been optimized from ±5% to ±1%, with power dynamic adjustment overshoot ≤2%, step response <1ms, and crystal core temperature control stability reaching ±0.05℃. The average electro-optical conversion efficiency has increased by 8.3% across the entire power range, with a peak frequency doubling efficiency of 45.6% in the 200W-500W power range. This overcomes the limitation of single-power closed-loop circuits that do not consider changes in crystal thermal characteristics, ensuring that the crystal always operates within the peak range of photo-optical conversion efficiency across the entire dynamic power range.

[0030] See Figure 2 The real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser and the power closed-loop control based on the actual output power further include the following steps: 110: Real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser at a preset sampling frequency.

[0031] The laser beam is split into a detection optical path and a main optical path according to a preset ratio using tail mirror beam splitting technology; a photodiode sensor is used to detect the light intensity of the detection optical path with high precision; the light intensity signal is collected in real time at a preset sampling frequency and converted into the corresponding actual output power value through an analog-to-digital converter circuit.

[0032] This refers to a pre-set fixed frequency used to collect the actual output power of the laser. Specifically, the preset sampling frequency is 10kHz.

[0033] The preset sampling frequency of 10kHz ensures high real-time performance of power data acquisition, providing accurate input for closed-loop control.

[0034] 120: Calculate the power deviation signal based on the actual output power and the current target output power.

[0035] Obtain the current target output power P_ref and the actual output power P_act collected in step 110.

[0036] The power deviation signal is the difference between the current target output power and the actual output power. The power deviation signal is calculated as follows: ΔP = P_ref - P_act.

[0037] The power deviation signal is amplitude-limited to ±10% of the rated power to prevent excessive deviation from causing system instability.

[0038] 130: Convert the limited power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command to drive the laser.

[0039] The pump current adjustment command is an analog signal that is converted from the limited power deviation signal into a driving laser pump source through a control algorithm.

[0040] Input the power deviation signal after limiting into the processing program and set the parameters; obtain the analog pump current adjustment command output by the processing program; send the command to the pump source drive module to drive the laser pump source to adjust the current.

[0041] The pump source drive module incorporates built-in overcurrent threshold protection. This overcurrent protection mechanism prevents excessive pump current from damaging the laser, thus improving system reliability.

[0042] The power deviation signal is limited to prevent the system from oscillating due to excessive deviation, thus improving the long-term stability of the laser output power from ±5% to ±1%. The precise conversion of the pump current adjustment command enables linear output characteristics of the laser power within a wide dynamic range of 10W-500W, with dynamic adjustment of overshoot ≤2%.

[0043] Specifically, the power deviation signal is converted into a pump current regulation command within the target range through a position-based proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

[0044] The positional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm is a closed-loop control algorithm that calculates the control quantity using three parameters: proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D), and directly outputs the absolute value of the control quantity.

[0045] Optionally, the parameters of the proportional-integral-differential algorithm can be set as follows: proportional coefficient Kp = 0.8, integration time Ti = 0.5s, and differentiation time Td = 0.1s.

[0046] The pump current adjustment command within the target range is a signal output after being converted by a positional proportional-integral-differential algorithm, used to drive the laser pump source, and its target range is the target range.

[0047] Specifically, the target range for the pump current adjustment command is 0 to 5V.

[0048] Based on the current target output power and the actual output power collected, the power deviation signal is calculated; the power deviation signal is limited by the rated power to prevent the deviation from being too large and causing system instability; the limited deviation signal is input into the position-based proportional-integral-derivative algorithm to calculate the control quantity; the control quantity output by the algorithm is converted into an analog pump current adjustment command within the target range and sent to the pump source drive module to drive the laser to adjust the pump current.

[0049] By employing a position-based proportional-integral-differential algorithm, the power deviation signal is converted into a pump current adjustment command within the target range, optimizing the long-term stability of the laser output power from ±5% to ±1%; the overshoot during dynamic power adjustment is ≤2%, and the step response is <1ms; linear output characteristics of laser power are achieved within a wide dynamic range of 10W-500W; and the overcurrent protection mechanism of the drive module prevents excessive pump current from damaging the laser, thus improving system reliability.

[0050] Specifically, the power deviation signal is set to limit the rated power by ±10%.

[0051] See Figure 3 The process of real-time acquisition of the laser's core temperature and subsequent closed-loop temperature control based on that temperature includes the following steps: 140: Real-time acquisition of the laser's core temperature, and matching the optimal target temperature from a preset database based on the laser's current target output power.

[0052] Core temperature is the real-time temperature of the core region of the laser crystal, which is acquired by a high-precision temperature sensor and is a key parameter reflecting changes in the crystal's thermophysical properties.

[0053] Optionally, the high-precision temperature sensor is a PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensor.

[0054] The optimal target temperature is the best operating temperature of the crystal, matched from a preset power-temperature matching curve database based on the current target output power. This database covers the optimal temperature values ​​for different power ranges from 10W to 500W, with a temperature control resolution of 0.01℃.

[0055] The adaptive integral separation proportional-integral-derivative algorithm is a control algorithm with adaptive integral separation function. When the temperature deviation is large, the integral action is temporarily turned off to avoid overshoot, and when the deviation is small, the integral action is restored to improve steady-state accuracy.

[0056] Specifically, the parameters of the adaptive integral separation proportional-integral-differential algorithm are set as follows: proportional coefficient Kp = 1.2, integration time Ti = 0.3s, and differentiation time Td = 0.05s.

[0057] The temperature sensor collects the core temperature of the laser in real time and obtains the current target output power of the laser; in the preset power-temperature matching curve database, it matches the optimal target temperature corresponding to the current target output power.

[0058] Optionally, the optimal target temperature can be matched in a preset database using a linear interpolation algorithm.

[0059] The crystal core temperature control stability reaches ±0.05℃, solving the problem of insufficient conversion efficiency caused by single fixed temperature point control.

[0060] 150: Calculate the temperature deviation signal based on the core temperature and the optimal target temperature.

[0061] Based on the collected core temperature and the matched optimal target temperature, the temperature deviation signal is calculated; the temperature deviation signal is the difference between the optimal target temperature and the core temperature, and the calculation formula is ΔT = optimal target temperature - core temperature.

[0062] Further, see Figure 4 Step 150 includes the following steps: 151: Calculate the temperature deviation between the core temperature and the optimal target temperature.

[0063] Real-time acquisition of core temperature, such as using a PT1000 platinum resistance temperature sensor to acquire the real-time temperature of the laser crystal core area; based on the current target output power of the laser, the corresponding optimal target temperature is retrieved from a preset power-temperature matching curve database using a linear interpolation algorithm; the temperature deviation value is calculated according to the formula ΔT = optimal target temperature T_ref - core temperature T_act.

[0064] By accurately calculating the temperature deviation and processing it with algorithms, the crystal core temperature control stability reaches ±0.05℃, solving the problem of insufficient conversion efficiency caused by single fixed temperature control.

[0065] 152: The temperature deviation value is converted into a temperature deviation signal by using an adaptive integral separation proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

[0066] The temperature deviation value ΔT calculated by feature 151 is input into the adaptive integral separation proportional-integral-derivative algorithm; the algorithm adaptively adjusts the integral function according to the magnitude of the deviation; after processing, the algorithm outputs a temperature deviation signal, which is used to drive the crystal temperature control furnace to correct the temperature.

[0067] Specifically, when the deviation is large, the integral action is temporarily turned off to avoid temperature overshoot; when the deviation is small, the integral action is restored to improve the steady-state control accuracy.

[0068] The adaptive integral separation function reduces the overshoot of temperature regulation, with a temperature dynamic response delay of ≤50ms, ensuring that the temperature regulation range does not exceed ±0.3℃ when the power changes by a step, and responding quickly to temperature deviation signals; the adaptive algorithm avoids oscillations during temperature regulation, improves the stability of the laser during long-term operation, and ensures that the output power fluctuation does not exceed ±1% of the rated value.

[0069] 160: The temperature of the crystal-controlled furnace that drives the laser via temperature deviation signal is corrected.

[0070] Among them, the crystal temperature control furnace is an actuator used to correct the temperature of the laser crystal.

[0071] Specifically, the temperature fluctuation of the crystal temperature control furnace is ±0.05℃, and the maximum temperature control power is 50W.

[0072] The temperature deviation signal is input into an adaptive integral-derivative algorithm (PID controller) for processing; the output control signal drives the crystal temperature control furnace of the laser, corrects the temperature of the laser crystal, and ensures that the temperature fluctuation is within ±0.05℃.

[0073] To ensure that the crystal always operates within the peak range of the optical-optical conversion efficiency η_optical across the full power dynamic range, the global optimum of the electro-optical conversion efficiency η_electro-optical is ultimately achieved, with an average improvement of 8.3%. The adaptive integral separation algorithm avoids temperature regulation overshoot and improves the stability of the laser during long-term operation.

[0074] 200: When the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition under constant target power, the feedforward compensation mechanism of temperature closed-loop control is activated until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

[0075] Constant target power is the fixed target output power set by the laser.

[0076] The feedforward compensation mechanism is a control strategy that uses real-time monitoring of the power loop pump current change ΔI to calculate the temperature compensation amount in advance and correct the temperature setpoint.

[0077] Under constant target power, the pump current change of the power loop is monitored in real time. When the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition, the temperature loop fast response mechanism is triggered. The feedforward compensation algorithm is used to calculate the temperature compensation amount and correct the temperature setpoint in advance. The proportional coefficient in the temperature closed-loop control process is temporarily increased to speed up the response. The feedforward compensation mechanism is kept running until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition and then stops.

[0078] Specifically, the rapid control condition is set as follows: within three consecutive sampling periods, the change in pump current ΔI exceeds 5% of the rated current value.

[0079] The feedforward compensation mechanism avoids the crystal temperature from deviating from the optimal value due to current fluctuations, thus maintaining the crystal in the peak range of photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0080] Further, see Figure 5 Step 200 includes the following steps: 210: In response to a constant target power, if the change in laser current is continuously detected to be greater than a preset change threshold within a preset window time, calculate the temperature feedforward compensation.

[0081] The temperature feedforward compensation is a temperature compensation value calculated based on the change in the power loop pump current. It can be calculated using the formula ΔT_ff = N×ΔI, where N is a preset constant and ΔI is the change in current in amperes (A).

[0082] The current temperature setpoint is the optimal target temperature matched from the preset database based on the current target power.

[0083] Under constant target power, this step is triggered if the change in current within a preset window period is continuously greater than a preset change threshold by real-time monitoring of the power loop pump current.

[0084] Specifically, the preset window time is set to three consecutive sampling periods; the preset change threshold is set to 0.05 × I_nom.

[0085] A feedforward compensation algorithm is used to calculate the temperature feedforward compensation based on the current change ΔI.

[0086] For example, the formula for temperature feedforward compensation can be ΔT_ff = 0.02×ΔI.

[0087] 220: The temperature setpoint of the temperature closed-loop control is corrected by the feedforward compensation, and the calculation parameters of the temperature closed-loop control are adaptively adjusted.

[0088] The temperature feedforward compensation ΔT_ff calculated in step 210 is superimposed on the original temperature setpoint T_ref to obtain the corrected temperature setpoint; the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the PID parameters of the temperature closed-loop control is activated, and the temperature loop proportional coefficient is temporarily increased to 1.5 times the original value to accelerate the temperature response speed.

[0089] Steps 210 and 220 achieve a dual closed-loop coordinated adjustment delay of ≤50ms, ensuring that the crystal temperature adapts quickly to current fluctuations; avoiding deviation of the crystal temperature from the optimal value due to current fluctuations, and ensuring that the temperature adjustment range does not exceed ±0.3℃ when the power changes stepwise; which helps to ensure that the crystal always works in the peak range of photo-optical conversion efficiency, and ultimately achieves the global optimum of electro-optical conversion efficiency across the entire power range.

[0090] Optionally, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 Is it like this? Figure 1 The flowchart of another embodiment of the method shown includes the following steps: 300: After the laser emits light for each unit of time, it samples the temperature range around the current optimal target temperature using a step-scan method, obtaining a sampling point in each surrounding temperature range.

[0091] The step-scan method is a temperature calibration method that scans a specific temperature range at a fixed temperature step size based on the current optimal target temperature, with each step size corresponding to a sampling point.

[0092] The laser automatically starts after accumulating light emission for a unit of time. Within the temperature range surrounding the current optimal target temperature, it performs a step scan with a preset step size, obtaining a total of several sampling points. Each sampling point is kept at a constant temperature for 2 seconds before emitting light, and the light-to-light conversion efficiency data at that temperature is collected.

[0093] Specifically, the unit time for the laser to emit light cumulatively is one hour.

[0094] Specifically, the step size for the step scan is set to 0.1℃, and the ambient temperature range is within ±0.3℃ of the current optimal target temperature. 400: Based on the light-to-light conversion efficiency of each sampling point, recalculate the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point.

[0095] The efficiency peak point is the temperature value corresponding to the point with the highest optical-to-optical conversion efficiency (η_optical), which is found by a curve fitting algorithm.

[0096] The photoelectric conversion efficiency data from several sampling points were analyzed using a curve fitting algorithm. The point with the highest efficiency was found by fitting the curve, and the temperature corresponding to this point is the peak efficiency temperature.

[0097] 500: Update the optimal target temperature for each power segment in the database based on the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point.

[0098] The optimal target temperature for each power range in the database refers to the optimal operating temperature curves of the crystal corresponding to different power ranges that are pre-stored in the system. The parameters in the curves will be updated after calibration.

[0099] Replace the original optimal target temperature for the corresponding power range in the database with the newly calculated peak efficiency temperature.

[0100] Optionally, the updated optimal temperature parameters are automatically written to non-volatile memory to ensure data retention even after power failure.

[0101] Regular calibration ensures that the crystal always operates within the peak range of optical-to-optical conversion efficiency across the entire power range, maintaining optimal global electro-optical conversion efficiency. A built-in power fluctuation compensation mechanism ensures that the output power fluctuation does not exceed ±1% of the rated value, guaranteeing long-term operational stability. Dynamic database updates enable the system to adapt to long-term changes such as crystal aging, extending the laser's lifespan.

[0102] Optionally, when updating the optimal target temperature for each power in the database, the pump current adjustment command is corrected in real time using a preset compensation coefficient matrix, and the fluctuation amplitude of the corrected pump current adjustment command is not greater than a preset fluctuation threshold.

[0103] The compensation coefficient matrix is ​​a set of matrix data pre-existing in the system used to correct the pump current during the optimal target temperature calibration process. It is the core parameter set of the built-in power fluctuation compensation mechanism.

[0104] The fluctuation threshold is the maximum allowable range of fluctuation in the preset pump current regulation command.

[0105] Specifically, the fluctuation threshold is defined as the output power fluctuation not exceeding ±1% of the rated value.

[0106] When the system performs the database optimal target temperature update operation, this correction mechanism is activated synchronously. During the temperature sampling and photo-to-photon conversion efficiency calculation using the step-scan method, the system calls the pre-stored compensation coefficient matrix; based on the current sampled temperature point and power range, it extracts the corresponding compensation coefficients from the matrix and corrects the pump current adjustment command in real time; fluctuation control: through the dynamic correction of the compensation coefficient matrix, it ensures that the output power fluctuation corresponding to the fluctuation amplitude of the corrected pump current adjustment command does not exceed the fluctuation threshold.

[0107] The pump current adjustment command is corrected in real time using a preset compensation coefficient matrix, avoiding significant fluctuations in laser output power during calibration to update the optimal target temperature. This maintains stable output power and does not affect the normal operation of the laser. During the correction process, the crystal remains near its peak optical-to-optical conversion efficiency range, preserving its optimal efficiency across the entire power spectrum. Minimal power fluctuations during calibration reduce impact on components such as the laser crystal and pump source, extending the system's lifespan.

[0108] The dual-closed-loop control method in the embodiments of the present invention has been described above. The dual-closed-loop control system in the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dual closed-loop control system for a laser provided in this application. The dual closed-loop control system includes: The crystal temperature control furnace 10 is used to acquire the crystal core temperature of the laser in real time and to regulate the output of the laser by temperature deviation signal and pump source drive signal.

[0109] The crystal temperature control furnace 10 is responsible for correcting the laser crystal temperature to match the optimal working state; the crystal temperature control furnace 10 directly receives the temperature deviation adjustment signal output by the temperature controller 20 and drives the temperature correction; it indirectly responds to changes in the pump source drive signal and adapts to fluctuations in the crystal heat load.

[0110] Temperature controller 20 is used to control the crystal temperature control furnace 10 according to the core temperature and perform closed-loop temperature control.

[0111] The temperature controller 20 collects the crystal core temperature returned by the temperature sensor; calculates the deviation from the optimal target temperature corresponding to the current power segment; outputs an adjustment signal through an algorithm to control the crystal temperature control furnace 10 to correct the temperature, and supports dynamic parameter adjustment triggered by cross-coupling control.

[0112] Optionally, the temperature controller 20 adopts an adaptive integral-integral-derivative algorithm with parameters of proportional coefficient Kp=1.2, integral time Ti=0.3s, and derivative time Td=0.05s.

[0113] The power controller 30 is used to acquire the actual output power of the laser in real time and generate a pump source drive signal based on the actual output power to perform closed-loop power control.

[0114] The power controller 30 collects the actual output power of the laser in real time through the photodiode sensor 31 and calculates the deviation from the constant target power; it outputs the pump source drive signal to the laser diode drive module 33 to dynamically adjust the pump current.

[0115] Optionally, the power controller 30 adopts a position-based proportional-integral-derivative algorithm with parameters Kp=0.8, Ti=0.5s, and Td=0.1s; the power deviation signal is first processed by ±10% rated power limiting and has overcurrent threshold protection function.

[0116] The cross-coupled control unit 40 is used to link the temperature controller 20 and the power controller 30, and in response to the current fluctuation meeting the rapid regulation condition under constant target power, it starts the feedforward compensation mechanism of temperature closed-loop control until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

[0117] The cross-coupled control unit 40 links the temperature controller 20 and the power controller 30 to solve the problem of dual closed-loop coordination delay.

[0118] Further, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a medium-power controller 30, the power controller 30 including: The photodiode sensor 31 is used to acquire the actual output light intensity of the laser in real time, convert the actual output light intensity into the corresponding actual output power, and calculate the power deviation signal.

[0119] The photodiode sensor 31 is the core detection unit of the power closed loop, responsible for collecting the actual output light intensity and calculating the power deviation.

[0120] The photodiode collects the actual output light intensity of the laser in real time, converts it into the corresponding actual output power, and then calculates the deviation with the constant target power to obtain the power deviation signal.

[0121] The proportional-integral-derivative controller 32 is used to limit the power deviation signal and convert the limited power deviation signal into a pump current regulation command.

[0122] The proportional-integral-derivative controller 32 is the core control unit of the power closed loop, responsible for processing power deviation signals and generating adjustment commands.

[0123] The proportional-integral-derivative controller 32 performs amplitude limiting processing on the power deviation signal and converts the amplitude-limited deviation signal into a 0-5V analog pump current adjustment command through a positional proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

[0124] The laser diode driver module 33 is used to convert pump current adjustment commands into drive current.

[0125] The laser diode driver module 33 is the execution unit of the power closed loop, responsible for converting adjustment commands and driving the pump source.

[0126] The laser diode driver module 33 receives the pump current adjustment command output by the proportional-integral-derivative controller 32 and converts it into a drive current; it also has an overcurrent threshold protection function to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0127] The laser diode pump source 34 is used to adjust the pump light energy input according to the driving current in order to control the stimulated emission intensity of the laser and thus control the operating temperature of the laser.

[0128] The laser diode pump source 34 is the power closed-loop energy input unit, responsible for adjusting the pump light energy to control the laser state.

[0129] The laser diode pump source 34 adjusts the pump light energy input according to the driving current output by the laser diode driving module 33; by controlling the pump light energy input, the stimulated emission intensity of the laser is adjusted, which indirectly affects the operating temperature of the laser.

[0130] above Figure 7 and Figure 8 The dual closed-loop control system in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail from the perspective of system entities. The computer equipment in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail from the perspective of hardware processing.

[0131] Computer devices can vary considerably in configuration or performance and may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) (e.g., one or more processors) and memory, and one or more storage media (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing applications or data. The memory and storage media can be temporary or persistent storage. Programs stored on the storage media may include one or more modules, each of which may include a series of instructions for operating on the computer device. Furthermore, the processor may be configured to communicate with the storage media and execute the series of instructions stored on the storage media on the computer device.

[0132] Computer equipment may also include one or more power supplies, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces, one or more input / output interfaces, and / or one or more operating systems, such as Windows Server, MacOSX, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above computer equipment structure does not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment, and may include more or fewer components, or combinations of certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0133] The present invention also provides a computer device, the computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the dual closed-loop regulation method in the above embodiments.

[0134] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the dual closed-loop regulation method.

[0135] Unlike existing technologies, this application achieves linear power output through a power closed-loop feedback control mechanism, optimizing long-term stability to ±1%, power step response <1ms, and dynamic overshoot ≤2%. Furthermore, it achieves crystal temperature control stability of ±0.05℃, dynamic temperature response delay ≤50ms, and temperature fluctuation ≤±0.3℃ during power step changes through a crystal temperature closed-loop feedback control mechanism. By integrating the power and crystal temperature closed-loop feedback control mechanisms, a cross-coupled control algorithm is constructed. This algorithm dynamically adjusts the parameters of the crystal temperature closed-loop feedback based on pump current changes, solving the problem of dual-loop collaborative delay, quickly adapting to crystal thermal load fluctuations, and ensuring that the crystal remains within the peak range of optical-to-optical conversion efficiency during dynamic power adjustment. This application further proposes a dynamic optimization and self-calibration mechanism, using a compensation coefficient matrix to correct the pump current, continuously optimizing the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency across the entire power range, resulting in an average improvement of 8.3% in electro-optical conversion efficiency. This mechanism adapts to long-term changes such as crystal aging, extending laser lifespan, ensuring stability during calibration, and minimizing output power fluctuations. In summary, the dual-loop collaborative control architecture of this application adopts a power closed-loop to regulate the pump current and a temperature closed-loop to correct the crystal temperature. Through the linkage of cross-coupled units, the coordinated regulation of current and temperature is realized, so that the crystal always works in the peak range of photo-to-photonic conversion efficiency across the entire power dynamic range, achieving the global optimal electro-optical conversion efficiency. This solves the defect of the single power closed-loop not considering the changes in thermophysical properties, and improves the overall stability and efficiency of the system.

[0136] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the storage medium embodiments and computer device embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0137] This application can be used in a wide range of general-purpose or specialized in-vehicle computing system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, network PCs, minicomputers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices.

[0138] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed.

[0139] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0140] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0141] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dual closed-loop modulation method for a laser, characterized in that, include: The actual output power of the laser is collected in real time, and power closed-loop control is performed based on the actual output power. At the same time, the core temperature of the laser is collected in real time, and temperature closed-loop control is performed based on the core temperature. When the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition under a constant target power, the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control is activated until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

2. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the current fluctuation meets the rapid regulation condition under a constant target power, the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control is activated, including: In response to a constant target power, if the current change of the laser is continuously detected to be greater than a preset change threshold within a preset window time, the temperature feedforward compensation is calculated. The temperature setpoint of the temperature closed-loop control is corrected by the feedforward compensation amount, and the calculation parameters of the temperature closed-loop control are adaptively adjusted.

3. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time acquisition of the actual output power of the laser and the power closed-loop control based on the actual output power include: The actual output power of the laser is collected in real time at a preset sampling frequency; Calculate the power deviation signal based on the actual output power and the current target output power; The power deviation signal after being limited is converted into a pump current adjustment command to drive the laser.

4. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of converting the limited power deviation signal into a pump current adjustment command includes: The power deviation signal is converted into a pump current adjustment command within the target range using a positional proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

5. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time acquisition of the laser's core temperature and the implementation of closed-loop temperature control based on that core temperature include: The core temperature of the laser is collected in real time, and the optimal target temperature is matched in a preset database based on the current target output power of the laser. Calculate the temperature deviation signal based on the core temperature and the optimal target temperature; The temperature deviation signal drives the crystal temperature control furnace of the laser to correct the temperature.

6. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the temperature deviation signal based on the core temperature and the optimal target temperature includes: Calculate the temperature deviation between the core temperature and the optimal target temperature; The temperature deviation value is converted into the temperature deviation signal using an adaptive integral separation proportional-integral-derivative algorithm.

7. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual closed-loop regulation method further includes: After the laser emits light for each unit of time, it samples the temperature range around the current optimal target temperature using a step scanning method, and obtains a sampling point in each of the surrounding temperature ranges. Based on the light-to-light conversion efficiency of each sampling point, the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point is recalculated. Based on the temperature value corresponding to each efficiency peak point, update the optimal target temperature for each power segment in the database.

8. The dual closed-loop regulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dual closed-loop regulation method further includes: When updating the optimal target temperature for each power in the database, the pump current adjustment command is corrected in real time using a preset compensation coefficient matrix. The fluctuation amplitude of the corrected pump current adjustment command is not greater than a preset fluctuation threshold.

9. A dual-closed-loop control system for a laser, used to implement the dual-closed-loop control method as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: A crystal temperature control furnace is used to acquire the crystal core temperature of the laser in real time and to regulate the output of the laser by means of temperature deviation signals and pump source drive signals. A temperature controller is used to control the crystal temperature control furnace according to the core temperature, and to perform closed-loop temperature control. A power controller is used to acquire the actual output power of the laser in real time and generate a pump source drive signal based on the actual output power to perform power closed-loop control. A cross-coupled control unit is used to link the temperature controller and the power controller, and in response to the current fluctuation meeting the rapid regulation condition under constant target power, the feedforward compensation mechanism of the temperature closed-loop control is activated until the current fluctuation no longer meets the rapid regulation condition.

10. The dual closed-loop control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power controller includes: A photodiode sensor is used to collect the actual output light intensity of the laser in real time, convert the actual output light intensity into the corresponding actual output power, and calculate the power deviation signal. A proportional-integral-derivative controller is used to limit the power deviation signal and convert the limited power deviation signal into a pump current regulation command. A laser diode driving module is used to convert the pump current adjustment command into a driving current; A laser diode pump source is used to adjust the pump light energy input according to the driving current, so as to control the stimulated emission intensity of the laser and thus control the operating temperature of the laser.

11. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes: a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions; The at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the computer device to execute the dual closed-loop regulation method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions thereon, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the dual closed-loop regulation method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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