Charging control circuit and method and power supply equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, and discloses a charging control circuit and method and power supply equipment. Comprising a charging interface used for being connected with an external power supply so as to be connected with the external power supply to output charging current to charge an energy storage assembly; the first charging circuit is connected with the charging interface and the energy storage assembly and is used for limiting charging current accessed by the charging interface to charge the energy storage assembly; and the control circuit is connected between the energy storage assembly and the charging interface, and if the voltage of the energy storage assembly is smaller than a preset working voltage, the control circuit limits the charging current output by the charging interface so as to charge the energy storage assembly based on the limited current. According to the invention, trickle charging can be started for the 0V energy storage assembly without external intervention, the problem that charging cannot be carried out due to BMS failure in a traditional scheme is solved, and the restorability of the energy storage assembly is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a charging control circuit, method and power supply device. Background Technology

[0002] In battery applications, energy storage components (such as lithium-ion energy storage components) may further deplete to 0V after prolonged storage or excessive use triggering undervoltage protection. If not charged in time, the battery management system (BMS) protection board of the energy storage component will malfunction due to power loss, causing the charger to fail to recognize the energy storage component upon connection and thus preventing charging activation, potentially rendering the energy storage component unusable.

[0003] Existing technologies have significant drawbacks in charging solutions for depleted energy storage modules: On the one hand, when the voltage of the energy storage module is 0V, traditional charging control circuits cannot start the charging process due to the failure of the BMS protection board. They require external specialized equipment (such as an activator) or manual intervention (such as shorting the battery contacts) to barely activate the module, which is complex and poses safety hazards. On the other hand, even if some circuits have low-voltage charging capabilities, they often lack intelligent adjustment mechanisms for the charging current. Direct high-current charging may cause irreversible damage to the battery or lead to activation failure due to the inability to accurately control the charging process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a charging control circuit, method, and power supply device, aiming to solve the significant defects of existing charging schemes for depleted energy storage components: on the one hand, when the voltage of the energy storage component is 0V, traditional charging control circuits cannot start the charging process due to the failure of the BMS protection board, and require external special equipment (such as an activator) or manual intervention (such as shorting the battery contacts) to barely activate it, which is complicated to operate and poses safety hazards; on the other hand, even if some circuits have low-voltage charging functions, they often lack intelligent adjustment mechanisms for charging current, and direct high-current charging may cause irreversible damage to the battery, or cause activation failure due to the inability to accurately control the charging process.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a charging control circuit, including: A charging interface is used to connect to an external power source so that the external power source can output charging current to charge the energy storage component; The first charging circuit connects the charging interface and the energy storage component, and is used to limit the charging current connected to the charging interface from charging the energy storage component. A control circuit is connected between the energy storage component and the charging interface. If the voltage of the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit limits the charging current output by the charging interface to charge the energy storage component based on the limited current.

[0006] In some embodiments, if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit connects to the charging interface to charge the battery pack energy storage component with the charging current.

[0007] In some embodiments, the limiting current is less than the charging current and the ratio of the limiting current to the charging current is a preset ratio range.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to control the charging interface to charge the battery pack energy storage component with the charging current if the voltage of the battery pack energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage.

[0009] In some embodiments, a second charging circuit is further included. The second charging circuit is connected to the charging interface and the energy storage component, and is used to charge the energy storage component by receiving the charging current from the charging interface. The control circuit is also used to control the second charging circuit to operate when the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, so as to charge the energy storage component through the second charging circuit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second charging circuit is used to not limit the charging current connected to the charging interface, and / or, the charging current of the first charging circuit is less than the charging current of the second charging circuit; and / or, the second charging circuit further includes: a second switching transistor, the second switching transistor being connected in parallel with the charging circuit between the energy storage component and the first charging circuit; if the energy storage component voltage corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the second switching transistor is turned off; if the energy storage component voltage is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the second switching transistor is turned on.

[0011] In some embodiments, the control circuit includes a current regulation module for regulating the charging current output by the charging interface to charge based on the charging current or the limiting current.

[0012] In some embodiments, the current regulation module includes at least one of a PWM switching chip, a switching transistor, or a resistor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first charging circuit further includes a switch module connected to the control circuit; wherein, if the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the switch module to disconnect; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the switch module to turn on.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switching module includes: a first switching transistor connected between the first charging circuit and the energy storage component, the controlled terminal of the first switching transistor being connected to the control circuit; if the energy storage component voltage corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the first switching transistor to turn off; if the energy storage component voltage is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the first switching transistor to turn on.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching module further includes an optocoupler switch connected between the first charging circuit and the controlled terminal of the first switching transistor. The controlled terminal of the optocoupler switch is connected to the control circuit. If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the optocoupler switch to open to control the first switching transistor to open; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the optocoupler switch to close to control the first switching transistor to close.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first charging circuit further includes: a freewheeling unit, the freewheeling unit being connected between the control circuit and the energy storage component, and / or, the freewheeling unit being connected between the control circuit and the charging interface, wherein if the charging interface does not output charging current to charge the energy storage component, the freewheeling unit outputs freewheeling current to charge the energy storage component.

[0017] In some embodiments, the freewheeling unit includes at least one of an inductor or a diode.

[0018] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a first switching unit connected between the energy storage component and the control circuit, and / or, the first switching unit connected between the charging interface and the control circuit; if the energy storage component voltage corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned off, and the charging current flows out through a backup charging branch in the first switching unit, the backup charging branch only allowing current within a preset current range to pass through; if the energy storage component voltage is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned on.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first switching unit further includes: a transistor connected between the energy storage component and the charging control circuit, and / or, the transistor connected between the charging interface and the charging control circuit; wherein, the body diode corresponding to the transistor is disposed on the backup charging branch, the body diode is connected in parallel with the first and second terminals corresponding to the transistor, and the body diode allows current to flow in the same direction as the charging current; if the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the transistor is turned off, and the charging current flows out through the body diode; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the transistor is turned on.

[0020] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the energy storage component to send a voltage detection signal to the control circuit; the control circuit for determining, based on the voltage detection signal, whether the voltage of the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a charging control method applied to a charging control circuit as provided in any embodiment of this application. The charging control circuit includes a charging interface and a charging circuit. The charger is connected to an energy storage component to be charged and is used to output a charging current to charge the energy storage component. The charging control circuit is connected between the energy storage component and the charger. The method includes: Obtain the energy storage component voltage corresponding to the energy storage component; If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the charging current output by the charger is limited so as to charge the energy storage component based on the limited current; If the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the charger is controlled to charge the energy storage component with the charging current.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a power supply device, including a charging control circuit and an energy storage component as provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power supply device is at least one of an emergency start-up power supply, a portable outdoor power supply, a mobile power supply, a vehicle battery, an air pump, a blower, or a power tool.

[0024] This application addresses the parasitic capacitive current in both the discharge and charging states separately, ensuring that residual charge in the corresponding states is rapidly released when the circuit is disconnected, thus avoiding safety hazards caused by high-voltage residue. It eliminates the need for additional sensors or complex control logic, achieving passive discharge solely through circuit structure design. This reduces costs while improving system reliability and preventing discharge failures due to control delays. It is suitable for charging and discharging systems with multiple parallel branches, flexibly adapting to different combinations of energy storage units and external interfaces, enhancing circuit versatility.

[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a first type of charging control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a second charging control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the third type of charging control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of the fourth charging control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a charging control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of a charging control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Power supply equipment; 10. Charging control circuit; 11. Charging interface; 12. First charging circuit; 121. Switch module; 13. Control circuit; 131. Current regulation module; 14. Second charging circuit; 20. External power supply; 30. Energy storage components; It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0031] It should be understood that, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of the present invention to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0032] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0033] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0034] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0035] In the field of energy storage applications, if energy storage components (such as lithium batteries) are left unused for a long time or overused, causing them to fall under voltage protection, and are not charged in time, they may further deplete to 0V. At this point, the energy storage management circuit (such as the Battery Management System, BMS) protection board of the energy storage component will not function properly due to power loss, causing the charger to be unable to recognize the energy storage component after being connected, and thus unable to activate it for charging, which may ultimately lead to the scrapping of the energy storage component.

[0036] The inventors discovered that when the voltage of the energy storage component is 0V, the charging control circuit cannot start the charging process due to the failure of the protection board of the energy storage management circuit (such as BMS). It requires external special equipment (such as an activator) or manual intervention (such as shorting the battery contacts) to barely activate it, which is complicated and poses safety hazards. On the other hand, even if some circuits have low-voltage charging functions, they often lack intelligent adjustment mechanisms for charging current. Direct high-current charging may cause irreversible damage to the battery, or activation may fail due to the inability to accurately control the charging process.

[0037] To solve the above problem, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a charging control circuit 10, including: a charging interface 11 for connecting to an external power supply 20, so that the external power supply 20 outputs a charging current to charge an energy storage component 30; a first charging circuit 12, connecting the charging interface 11 and the energy storage component 30, for limiting the charging current connected to the charging interface 11 to charge the energy storage component 30; and a control circuit 13, connected between the energy storage component 30 and the charging interface 11, wherein if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit 13 limits the charging current output by the charging interface 11 to charge the energy storage component 30 based on the limited current.

[0038] This application provides a charging control circuit 10, which includes a first charging circuit 12 and a restricted charging path managed by a control circuit 13. When the voltage of the energy storage component 30 (such as a lithium battery pack) drops severely due to over-discharge or even reaches 0V, and the protection board of the management circuit (such as a BMS) fails due to power loss, the circuit can bypass the failed energy storage management circuit and directly introduce a controlled and safe restricted current from the charging interface 11 to pre-charge or activate the charging of the energy storage component 30. This restores the base voltage of the energy storage component 30 and creates conditions for the normal power-on of the BMS and its takeover of the subsequent charging process.

[0039] The charging interface 11 serves as the input terminal of the circuit, used to connect to the external power supply 20, and is responsible for introducing the electrical energy from the external power supply 20 into the circuit.

[0040] For example, the external power source includes an adapter and a power source to which the adapter is connected, such as AC power.

[0041] The first charging circuit 12 serves as the main charging path, connected between the charging interface 11 and the energy storage component 30. Under normal conditions (i.e., when the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is normal and the energy storage management system is operational), the first charging circuit 12 is responsible for executing the main charging process managed by the BMS, which may include constant current and constant voltage stages. The first charging circuit 12 itself has basic current limiting functionality.

[0042] The control circuit 13 is connected between the charging interface 11 and the energy storage component 30, but forms a parallel or complementary relationship with the first charging circuit 12. The control circuit 13 continuously or periodically monitors the voltage across the energy storage component 30. When the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is detected to be lower than a preset operating voltage threshold (this threshold is usually set near the lowest voltage at which the BMS protection board can start normal operation), the control circuit 13 determines that the energy storage component 30 is in a low-voltage lock-up state.

[0043] At this time, the control circuit 13 activates, applying a strict limit, much smaller than the normal charging current, to the charging current flowing from the charging interface 11 to the energy storage component 30. This limiting current value is designed to be small enough (e.g., tens to hundreds of milliamps, which is not limited in this embodiment) to ensure that even when charging a battery with a voltage of 0V, the charging process is safe and gradual, and the internal structure of the battery will not be damaged by a sudden surge of large current.

[0044] When the voltage of the energy storage component 30 rises above the preset operating voltage threshold through trickle charging with limited current, the control circuit 13 determines that the energy storage component 30 has escaped the deep discharge state and stops limiting the current (or switches to a high impedance state). At this time, the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is sufficient to wake up or supply power to the protection board of the energy storage management system inside the energy storage component 30, and the energy storage management system begins to work normally. Once the energy storage management system is working, the charging process will be carried out by the first charging circuit 12 under the management of the energy storage management system, entering the standard safe charging procedure.

[0045] For example, the simplified working principle of the charging control circuit 10 includes: external power supply 20 is connected → control circuit 13 detects the voltage of energy storage component 30 → if the voltage is too low (< operating voltage) → control circuit 13 turns on and limits the output of a very small current → this small current slowly charges energy storage component 30 → the voltage gradually rises → the voltage reaches the operating voltage threshold → control circuit 13 closes the limiting path (or fails) → energy storage management system is powered on and starts → the first charging circuit 12 begins normal charging under the management of energy storage management system.

[0046] The charging control circuit 10 of this application achieves seamless automatic activation of the deeply depleted energy storage component 30 by adding an intelligent, low-voltage, self-starting current-limiting charging bypass. Users do not need any additional operation or equipment; they simply connect the charger as usual, and the circuit automatically recognizes and safely completes the entire activation-to-normal charging process, greatly improving the user experience, preventing battery failure due to over-discharge, and ensuring the safety of the charging process and battery life.

[0047] In some embodiments, if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit 13 connects to the charging interface 11 to charge the battery pack energy storage component 30 with charging current.

[0048] The control circuit 13 continuously monitors the voltage of the energy storage component 30 (battery pack). When the voltage is lower than the preset operating voltage of the energy storage management system (e.g., for multi-cell lithium batteries, this voltage is typically set at a level that enables the energy storage management system protection board chip to activate, such as the total voltage corresponding to 2.5V-3.0V per cell), the control circuit 13 enters a "pre-charge / activation" mode, using a limited small current (trickle charge) for charging. Once the voltage recovers to or above the operating voltage, the circuit automatically switches to a "normal charging" mode, allowing the charger to charge the battery pack at the nominal charging current.

[0049] Control circuit 13 may include a voltage comparator, with its inverting input connected to a voltage divider sampling point of the battery pack's total voltage and its non-inverting input connected to a reference source set as the operating voltage threshold. When the sampled voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the comparator outputs a signal (e.g., high level) that enables an independent, current-limited charging path (i.e., the first charging circuit 12). When the sampled voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the comparator output flips, closing the current-limited charging path and simultaneously or subsequently enabling the main charging path (the second charging circuit 14). This ensures that the charging process begins with a low-risk, low-current charge and switches to efficient charging once the battery is in a safe state.

[0050] In some embodiments, the limiting current is less than the charging current, and the ratio of the limiting current to the charging current is a preset ratio range.

[0051] The first charging circuit 12 limits the charging current to a value much smaller than the normal charging current, maintaining a preset ratio range between the two (e.g., the normal charging current is 1C, and the trickle charging current is 0.05C to 0.1C). This small current can gently replenish the energy of a deeply depleted battery, avoiding permanent damage such as lithium plating and overheating caused by large current surges.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, in the circuit design, this limitation is mainly achieved through the combined use of power resistors (such as R103 and R127) and PWM duty cycle adjustment. The current regulation module 131 (such as the U13 chip) in the first charging circuit 12 detects the voltage (CS pin) across the power resistor (R103) connected in series in the circuit to adjust the switching duty cycle of its internal MOSFET in real time, thereby precisely limiting the average charging current to a preset trickle current value. This current limit is preset by hardware or firmware, ensuring safety and stability.

[0053] For example, the preset ratio range can be from 0.05 to 0.1, and it can also be adjusted according to actual needs. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0054] In some embodiments, the control circuit 13 is further configured to control the charging interface 11 to charge the battery pack energy storage component 30 with charging current if the voltage of the battery pack energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage.

[0055] When the control circuit 13 detects that the battery pack voltage is greater than or equal to the preset operating voltage, it considers that the battery pack has emerged from the deep discharge state and the energy storage management system may have resumed operation. At this time, the control circuit 13 controls the first charging circuit 12 to stop working or change its operating mode, thereby allowing all or most of the current output from the charging interface 11 (i.e., the normal charging current) to flow directly to the battery pack for fast charging.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, taking the MCU and U13 as an example, after the MCU detects that the voltage meets the standard, it pulls the GPIO pin level previously used to enable U13 low. Upon receiving the low level, U13 stops its internal PWM switching, and the internal MOSFET remains off, thus cutting off the main trickle charging path through inductor L4 and sensing resistor R103. At this time, the charging circuit will rely on other paths (such as through the second charging circuit 14).

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the charging control circuit 10 also includes a second charging circuit 14, which is connected to the charging interface 11 and the energy storage component 30. The second charging circuit 14 is used to charge the energy storage component 30 by the charging current connected to the charging interface 11. The control circuit 13 is also used to control the second charging circuit 14 to work when the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the working voltage, so as to charge the energy storage component 30 through the second charging circuit 14.

[0058] The second charging circuit 14 works in conjunction with the first charging circuit 12 (trichomon charging circuit). The second charging circuit 14 is the main power path, responsible for high-current charging when the battery voltage is normal. After the battery voltage reaches the target value, the control circuit 13 controls the second charging circuit 14 to start working.

[0059] like Figure 5As shown, the second charging circuit 14 includes power NMOS transistors Q39 and Q40, which are connected in series in the main circuit between the negative terminal (B-) of the energy storage component and the negative terminal (P-) of the charger. When the energy storage component is severely depleted, these two MOS transistors are turned off by the control circuit 13 (through the energy storage management system or independent voltage detection logic), blocking the high current path. When the voltage recovers, the control circuit 13 outputs a signal to drive the gates of these two MOS transistors, making them fully conduct, forming a low-impedance main charging circuit to carry the large current output by the charger.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second charging circuit 14 is used to not limit the charging current connected to the charging interface 11, and / or, the charging current of the first charging circuit 12 is less than the charging current of the second charging circuit 14; and / or, the second charging circuit 14 further includes: a second switching transistor, the second switching transistor being connected in parallel with the charging circuit between the energy storage component 30 and the first charging circuit 12; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 corresponding to the energy storage component 30 is less than a preset operating voltage, the second switching transistor is turned off; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the second switching transistor is turned on.

[0061] The second charging circuit 14 does not limit the current (the current magnitude is determined by the protocol between the charger and the energy storage management system), or the limit value is much greater than that of the first charging circuit 12. The first charging circuit 12 is designed for low current, and the maximum allowable current of the first charging circuit 12 is much smaller than that of the second charging circuit 14. This ensures in hardware that even if the control logic fails, the current during the activation phase will not be too large.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, in physical implementation, the on-resistance (Rds(on)) of the second charging circuit 14 is extremely low (milliohms), while the resistance of the power resistors (R103, R127) connected in series in the first charging circuit 12 is relatively high (ohms). Therefore, when the MOSFET of the second charging circuit 14 is turned on, most of the current will naturally flow to this low-impedance path. The inductor L4 and resistors of the first charging circuit 12 determine the trickle-current characteristic of the first charging circuit 12, and the maximum current carrying capacity of the first charging circuit 12 is designed to be relatively small.

[0063] For example, the second charging circuit 14 is switched on and off by a second switching transistor. When the second switching transistor is turned on, the second charging circuit 14 is working; when the second switching transistor is turned off, the second charging circuit 14 is disconnected.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, the second switching transistors refer to MOSFETs Q39 and Q40 in the main power circuit (usually connected in series to control charging and discharging respectively). Q39 and Q40 are controlled by the energy storage management system or manager. When the battery is depleted to the point where the energy storage management system cannot operate, these MOSFETs are in the off state due to the lack of gate drive voltage, thus disconnecting the high current path. When trickle charging restores the battery voltage to the operating voltage of the energy storage management system, the energy storage management system starts working and outputs a drive signal to turn on Q39 and Q40, connecting the main charging circuit.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 The control circuit 13 shown includes a current regulation module 131, which is used to regulate the charging current output by the charging interface 11 to charge based on the charging current or limit the current.

[0066] The current regulation module 131 can actively adjust the current flowing through it, which is the key to realizing intelligent trickle charging.

[0067] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the current regulation module 131 includes a chip U13.

[0068] For example, U13 is a constant current driver chip. U13 receives the voltage signal from the external sampling resistor (R103) through the CS pin, determines the current value flowing through the current regulation module 131, and, based on the current value flowing through the current regulation module 131, adjusts the switching state (PWM) of the output terminal (connected to the internal MOSFET) of the current regulation module 131 through internal logic, thereby stabilizing the loop current at a preset value. This allows the charging current to be precisely controlled within a safe trickle range regardless of how the internal resistance of the energy storage component changes (rising from 0V).

[0069] In some embodiments, the current regulation module 131 includes at least one of a PWM switching chip, a switching transistor, or a resistor.

[0070] The current regulation module 131 may also include one or more devices capable of performing current regulation or limiting functions, and is not limited to these. Figure 3 The example format.

[0071] For example, the current regulation module 131 includes: a switching transistor and a control chip. For example, the switching transistor includes a MOSFET, and the control chip includes a microprocessor (MCU). The MOSFET acts as a switch, and the MCU or operational amplifier circuit generates a PWM signal to drive the MOSFET based on the detected current feedback to achieve current limiting.

[0072] For example, a linear current-limiting device includes a resistor to limit the current. By selecting a resistor with an appropriate resistance value, the maximum charging current can be limited to a safe value, which can reduce costs and simplify the circuit.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first charging circuit 12 further includes a switch module 121, which is connected to the control circuit 13. If the voltage of the energy storage component 30 corresponding to the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the switch module 121 to open; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the switch module 121 to open.

[0074] In this embodiment, a switch module 121 is added to the first charging circuit 12. The on / off state of this module directly determines the operating mode (trickle charging or off) of the first charging circuit 12. The control circuit 13 indirectly generates control signals for the first charging circuit 12 by controlling this switch module 121.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the switching module 121 may include a controlled electronic switch (such as a MOSFET) connected in series in the enable or power supply path of the first charging circuit 12. When the voltage of the energy storage component is low, the control circuit 13 disconnects this switch, causing the first charging circuit 12 to shut down. In practice, the switching module 121 is used to forcibly shut down the first charging circuit 12 when 0V charging is not required. For example, the MCU output signal turns on the optocoupler G01, thereby pulling low the PWM pin of U13, forcing the first charging circuit 12 to stop operating.

[0076] In some embodiments, the switching module 121 includes: a first switching transistor connected between the first charging circuit 12 and the energy storage component 30, the controlled terminal of the first switching transistor being connected to the control circuit 13; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 corresponding to the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the first switching transistor to turn off; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the first switching transistor to turn on.

[0077] In this embodiment, the switching module 121 in the above embodiment includes a first switching transistor (such as a transistor or MOSFET), and the first switching transistor 121 is connected in series in the control signal path or power supply path of the first charging circuit 12 (such as U13).

[0078] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, the collector of the NPN transistor (as the first switching transistor) can be connected to the PWM pin of U13, while the emitter is grounded. The output of control circuit 13 is connected to the base of the transistor. When it is necessary to disable the 0V charging function (when the battery voltage is normal or manually set by the user), control circuit 13 outputs a high level to saturate and conduct the transistor, pulling the PWM pin of U13 low to ground, thereby turning off the PWM output of U13 and stopping trickle charging. When 0V charging is allowed or required, control circuit 13 outputs a low level, the transistor is cut off, and the PWM pin of U13 is pulled up to a high level, allowing the NPN transistor to operate normally.

[0079] In some embodiments, the switching module 121 further includes an optocoupler switch, which is connected between the first charging circuit 12 and the controlled terminal of the first switching transistor. The controlled terminal of the optocoupler switch is connected to the control circuit 13. If the voltage of the energy storage component 30 corresponding to the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the optocoupler switch to open to control the first switching transistor to open; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit 13 controls the optocoupler switch to turn on to control the first switching transistor to turn on.

[0080] This embodiment adds an optocoupler switch to the above embodiment, realizing electrical isolation between the control circuit 13 and the controlled power circuit, and improving the system's anti-interference capability and safety.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, the input terminal (LED side) of optocoupler G01 is controlled by the MCU via the OUT_3.3 signal. When the MCU outputs a high level OUT_3.3 and a low level PCHG2, optocoupler G01 is turned on. After the output terminal (phototransistor side) of the optocoupler is turned on, it causes the base of NPN transistor Q42 to receive a bias voltage and turn on, thereby pulling down the PWM pin (pin 2) of the U13 chip and disabling optocoupler G01. This design isolates the low-voltage control section of the MCU from the charging power section.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first charging circuit 12 further includes: a freewheeling unit connected between the control circuit 13 and the energy storage component 30, and / or, the freewheeling unit connected between the control circuit 13 and the charging interface 11, wherein if the charging interface 11 does not output charging current to charge the energy storage component 30, the freewheeling unit outputs freewheeling current to charge the energy storage component 30.

[0083] In this embodiment, a freewheeling unit is added to the first charging circuit 12. The function of the freewheeling unit is to provide a release circuit for the energy stored in the inductor L4 when the internal MOS transistor of the PWM switching chip (such as U13) is in the off cycle, so as to avoid high voltage spikes that could damage the device and ensure the stability and efficiency of the PWM chopping operation.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, the freewheeling unit includes a diode and / or an inductor. In the topology shown in the attached figure, diode D72 plays a crucial role in freewheeling. When the internal MOSFET of U13 is turned off, the current in inductor L4 cannot change abruptly. Inductor L4 forms a freewheeling loop through diode D72, continuing to provide charging current to the battery pack. This ensures that the charging current is continuous and smooth even during switch-off periods, forming a typical Buck converter or similar topology that efficiently reduces the voltage at charging interface 11 to a suitable voltage for charging a 0V battery and limits the current.

[0085] In some embodiments, the freewheeling unit includes at least one of an inductor or a diode. Exemplarily, the inductor is critical for energy storage and filtering, while the diode provides the freewheeling path.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, in most switching power supply topologies, the freewheeling function is typically achieved by a diode (such as a Schottky diode D72), and is called a freewheeling diode. In some synchronous rectification topologies, another controlled MOSFET may be used instead of the diode to improve efficiency. Inductor L4 serves as both an energy storage element and, together with the capacitor, acts as a filter, resulting in a smoother output current.

[0087] In some embodiments, the charging control circuit 10 further includes: a first switching unit, which is connected between the energy storage component 30 and the control circuit 13, and / or, the first switching unit is connected between the charging interface 11 and the control circuit 13; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned off, and the charging current flows out through the backup charging branch in the first switching unit, which only allows current within a preset current range to pass through; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned on.

[0088] This embodiment utilizes the "body diode" built into the switching device (such as a MOSFET) in the main power circuit as a natural path for initial trickle charging. When the battery voltage is extremely low, the control circuit 13 disconnects the main switch, and the charging current can only flow to the battery through its body diode. Since the body diode has a forward voltage drop and can only withstand a limited current, it naturally forms a "backup charging branch" with a certain current limiting function.

[0089] like Figure 5As shown, in the main discharge path where MOSFET Q39 is located, when the battery voltage is 0V, the energy storage management system is not working, and the gate of Q39 is turned off due to the lack of a drive signal. If a charger is connected at this time, current can flow from P- to B-, but Q39 is turned off. However, current can flow through the body diode of Q39 (from source to drain), and then through the power resistor R127 to reach the negative terminal of the battery. The forward voltage drop of the body diode of Q39 (approximately 0.7V) and the resistor R127 work together to initially limit the charging current, forming the most basic trickle charging path. This provides the starting voltage for subsequent, more precise PWM-controlled charging.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first switching unit further includes: a transistor connected between the energy storage component 30 and the charging control circuit 10, and / or, the transistor connected between the charging interface 11 and the charging control circuit 10; wherein, the body diode corresponding to the transistor is disposed on the backup charging branch, the body diode is connected in parallel with the first and second terminals corresponding to the transistor, and the direction of current flow through the body diode is the same as the direction of the charging current; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 corresponding to the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the transistor is turned off, and the charging current flows out through the body diode; if the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the transistor is turned on.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first switching unit in the above embodiment is specifically defined as a transistor or a MOSFET, and it is clarified that the direction of the body diode corresponding to the transistor is consistent with the direction of the charging current.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, taking NMOS transistor Q39 as an example, the source (S) of Q39 is connected to B-, and the drain (D) is connected to resistor R127. The internal body diode of Q39 is oriented from the source to the drain. During charging, the current needs to flow from P- to B-, that is, from the drain of Q39 to the source. This is opposite to the direction of the body diode, so the body diode is reverse biased during normal charging. However, in the "charging current direction" logic described in the attached figure, when the battery voltage is 0V, the initial small charging current may first establish the battery voltage through other paths (such as the first charging circuit 12). This description needs to be understood in conjunction with the current direction in the attached figure. A more common application is that in P-type MOS transistors or NMOS transistor configurations with the opposite direction to Q39, the body diode can be directly used for initial charging.

[0093] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the energy storage component 30 to send a voltage detection signal to the control circuit 13; and a control circuit 13 for determining, based on the voltage detection signal, whether the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is less than a preset operating voltage.

[0094] The voltage detection circuit is responsible for accurately measuring the real-time voltage of the battery pack and transmitting the signal to the control circuit 13.

[0095] The voltage detection circuit includes a high-input-impedance resistor divider network that divides the total high voltage of the battery pack to a range that the control circuit 13 (such as the ADC or comparator of the MCU) can safely measure. The control circuit 13 periodically reads this voltage division value and calculates the actual battery pack voltage through a program. Based on this voltage value, the control circuit 13 executes the relevant judgment logic corresponding to the above embodiment, thereby controlling the operation of all subsequent switching transistors, PWM chips, and other actuators in the circuit, forming a complete automatic control closed-loop system.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the charging control circuit 10 provided by the present invention has the core feature of adding a pre-activated charging branch (i.e., the first charging circuit 12) connected in parallel with the main charging circuit and equipped with intelligent current limiting function. When the system detects that the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is extremely low, it prioritizes charging with a small current through this branch, and then activates the main circuit after the voltage recovers.

[0097] The charging control circuit 10 mainly includes the following operating stages (in this example, combined with...) Figure 3 (This explanation uses a battery pack as an energy storage component and a charger as a charging interface as an example.) Phase 1: 0V energy storage components, such as battery packs, are connected to the charger (automatic activation and trickle charging). When a battery pack with a voltage of 0V (or below the energy storage management system's operating threshold) is connected to a "blind charging" charger (i.e., a charger with no communication protocol and output voltage immediately upon power-on), the charger's positive and negative voltages are directly applied to the battery pack's positive and negative terminals. At this time, due to the low battery voltage, the energy storage management system is not operating, and the main circuit MOSFETs Q39 and Q40 are in the off state.

[0098] The initial path of the charging current is: charger positive terminal → battery pack positive terminal → battery cell → battery pack negative terminal → power resistor R127 → body diode of MOSFET Q39 (since Q39 is in the off state, the current can only pass through the parasitic body diode of Q39) → inductor L4 → internal power MOSFET of LED driver chip U13 → current sensing power resistor R103 → charger negative terminal.

[0099] The LED driver chip U13 is powered by its VDD pin and begins operation. The PWM pin (pin 2) of U13 is internally pulled high by default, enabling the chip. U13 operates in a unique constant current or current-limiting mode, using the high-frequency PWM switching of its internal MOSFET in conjunction with inductor L4 to form a "buck-current limiting" circuit. This circuit converts and strictly limits the charger's high voltage and potentially large current into a safe trickle current (e.g., 50mA-300mA, specifically set by U13's reference voltage and the resistance value of sensing resistor R103).

[0100] During this stage, optocoupler GO1 has no control signal because the energy storage management system is not working, and is in the cut-off state, which does not affect the PWM enable of U13.

[0101] This controlled trickle current continuously charges the cells in the battery pack, causing the battery pack voltage to rise slowly and safely.

[0102] Phase Two: Voltage Recovery and Energy Storage Management System Startup: After a period of trickle charging, the total voltage of the battery pack gradually rises to the minimum operating voltage required by the energy storage management system protection board (a preset threshold, e.g., 3.0V). Once the voltage reaches this threshold, the energy storage management system is powered on and begins initialization. The MCU starts running programs to monitor the battery status.

[0103] Phase 3: Switching to Normal Charging Mode: The MCU of the energy storage management system detects that the battery voltage is within a safe range (above the 0V charging threshold but possibly still below the full charge voltage) and decides to exit the 0V charging mode and enter the normal charging process. The MCU performs the following control operations: Shutting down the first charging circuit 12: The MCU outputs a control signal, making OUT_3.3 high and PCHG2 low. This causes the light-emitting side of optocoupler GO1 to conduct, and the photosensitive side to conduct accordingly, which in turn turns on transistor Q42, pulling the PWM pin (pin 2) of the U13 chip low. The U13 chip immediately stops working, the internal MOSFET turns off, and the trickle charging branch is completely cut off. Starting the main charging circuit: At the same time as (or slightly later) closing the trickle branch, the MCU controls the drive circuit of the main circuit to turn on power MOSFETs Q39 and Q40.

[0104] At this point, the main path of the charging current switches to: charger positive terminal → battery pack positive terminal → battery cell → battery pack negative terminal → power resistor R127 → the already turned-on MOSFET Q39 (current flows through the channel at this time, and the body diode no longer functions) → charger negative terminal. The charger can now rapidly charge the battery pack with a larger current through the main circuit. The power resistor R127 is typically used as a charging current sampling resistor in this main circuit.

[0105] Phase Four: Normal Charge-Discharge Cycle: After this phase, the battery pack enters a normal state fully managed by the energy storage management system, performing all operations such as charging, discharging, and protection based on the battery status. The 0V charging circuit will no longer function in this charging cycle unless the battery pack voltage drops below the critical value again due to abnormal conditions.

[0106] The provided charging control circuit 10 cleverly utilizes the characteristic that the energy storage management system is inactive and the MOSFET is off when the battery is low-powered. It constructs a trickle charging circuit that can be automatically started without an initial control signal by using the body diode of the MOSFET and a default-enabled PWM chip. Employing a mature LED constant current driver chip as the core current-limiting component, it creatively applies constant current control technology used in lighting to the field of battery pre-charging, achieving low-cost, high-reliability, and precise trickle charging control. By monitoring the battery voltage through the energy storage management system / MCU, it dynamically controls the optocoupler to shut down the trickle charging circuit and simultaneously turns on the main power MOSFET, achieving a smooth, shock-free switching from "activation mode" to "normal charging mode," resulting in high system integration. The current is controlled throughout the activation process, and the main circuit remains physically shut off when the battery voltage is insufficient, effectively preventing excessive current in case of misoperation or abnormal conditions, protecting battery safety and lifespan.

[0107] The charging control circuit 10 provided by this invention effectively solves the industry problem of the energy storage component 30 being unable to charge after being deeply discharged to 0V by adding an intelligent pre-charging branch with a PWM current limiting chip as its core. This solution has the advantages of automatic activation, charging safety, simple circuit, and low cost, significantly improving the reliability of battery pack products and user experience, and extending the service life of the battery pack.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 6 This application provides a charging control method applied to a charging control circuit 10 as provided in any embodiment of this application. The charging control circuit 10 includes a charging interface 11 and a charging circuit. The charger is connected to the energy storage component 30 to be charged and is used to output a charging current to charge the energy storage component 30. The charging control circuit 10 is connected between the energy storage component 30 and the charger. The method includes steps S101 to S103.

[0109] Step S101. Obtain the voltage of the energy storage component 30.

[0110] Step S102. If the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is less than the preset operating voltage, the charging current output by the charger is limited so as to charge the energy storage component 30 based on the limited current.

[0111] Step S103. If the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, control the charger to charge the energy storage component 30 with charging current.

[0112] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the charging control method and each step described above can be referred to the corresponding content in the embodiment of the charging control circuit 10 described in any embodiment of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 7 This application provides a power supply device 100, including a charging control circuit 10 and an energy storage component 30 as provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0114] Specifically, the power supply device 100 aims to completely solve the problem that zero-voltage or depleted energy storage components 30 (such as lithium battery packs) cannot be activated by conventional charging methods due to the lock-up of the internal protection board (energy storage management system). By integrating an intelligent charging control circuit 10, this device can automatically identify the battery status and implement a safe and effective activation and charging strategy without the need for external special activation instruments or dangerous manual operations.

[0115] The core of the power supply device 100 lies in the charging control circuit 10 integrated within it. The charging control circuit 10 not only includes the basic path for charging the normal battery, but more importantly, it adds a pre-activation / trickle charging path managed by the control circuit 13. The technical concept behind the pre-activation / trickle charging path is as follows: when the energy storage component 30 is detected to be in a dead zone (voltage lower than the operating threshold of the energy storage management system or traditional charging circuit), the system automatically switches to a charging path with strictly current-limited current, using a small and safe current to wake up and charge the battery cell. After the battery voltage recovers to the normal range, it seamlessly switches back to the regular charging mode.

[0116] The energy storage component 30 serves as the energy storage unit of the device and is typically a lithium-ion battery pack or battery module. The energy storage component 30 may contain a battery management chip and protection circuitry.

[0117] The charging control circuit 10 manages the entire power input process from the external power source 20 to the energy storage component 30. Specifically, it includes: a charging interface 11 for connecting to the external power source 20 to receive a charging current from the external power source 20 to charge the energy storage component 30; a first charging circuit 12 connecting the charging interface 11 and the energy storage component 30 to limit the charging current supplied to the charging interface 11 for charging the energy storage component 30; and a control circuit 13 connected between the energy storage component 30 and the charging interface 11. If the voltage of the energy storage component 30 is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit 13 limits the charging current output from the charging interface 11 to charge the energy storage component 30 based on the limited current.

[0118] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific structure and related content of the power supply device 100 and the corresponding charging control circuit 10 described above can be referred to the corresponding content in the embodiments of the charging control circuit 10 described in any embodiment of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] The provided power supply device 100 eliminates the need for any external equipment or manual intervention, fundamentally solving the charging problem of depleted batteries. It automatically selects the optimal charging strategy through voltage monitoring, balancing activation safety with normal charging efficiency. The current during the pre-activation phase is strictly limited, effectively preventing safety risks such as battery overheating and lithium crystal deposition caused by high current surges, thus protecting battery life. This solution is independent of the BMS design within the energy storage component 30; activation can be attempted as long as the battery cell itself is not physically damaged, demonstrating strong compatibility. For end users, the risk of the device becoming unusable due to prolonged storage without power is greatly reduced, enhancing product durability and user confidence.

[0120] This power supply device 100, by integrating a control circuit 13 with intelligent judgment and dual-channel charging capabilities, successfully simplifies the professional, cumbersome, and risky operation of activating a depleted battery into a seamless plug-and-charge experience for users. The power supply device 100 represents a safer, smarter, and more user-friendly energy storage device charging solution.

[0121] In some embodiments, the power supply device 100 is at least one of an emergency start-up power supply, a portable outdoor power supply, a mobile power supply, a vehicle battery, an air pump, a blower, or a power tool, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0122] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as “on,” “adjacent to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on,” “directly adjacent to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or portion from another element, component, area, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first element, component, area, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or portion.

[0123] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein for convenience of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms are intended to also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” other elements or features will be oriented “above” other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0124] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including,” when used in this specification, identify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups. When used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0125] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0126] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging control circuit, characterized in that, include: A charging interface is used to connect to an external power source so that the external power source can output charging current to charge the energy storage component; The first charging circuit connects the charging interface and the energy storage component, and is used to limit the charging current connected to the charging interface from charging the energy storage component. A control circuit is connected between the energy storage component and the charging interface. If the voltage of the energy storage component is less than a preset operating voltage, the control circuit limits the charging current output by the charging interface to charge the energy storage component based on the limited current.

2. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit connects to the charging interface to charge the battery pack energy storage component with the charging current.

3. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting current is less than the charging current, and the ratio of the limiting current to the charging current is within a preset ratio range.

4. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit is further configured to control the charging interface to charge the battery pack energy storage component with the charging current if the voltage of the battery pack energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage.

5. The charging control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second charging circuit, which is connected to the charging interface and the energy storage component, and is used to charge the energy storage component by receiving the charging current connected to the charging interface. The control circuit is also used to control the second charging circuit to operate when the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, so as to charge the energy storage component through the second charging circuit.

6. The charging control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second charging circuit is used to not limit the charging current of the connected charging interface, and / or the charging current of the first charging circuit is less than the charging current of the second charging circuit. And / or, the second charging circuit further includes: a second switching transistor, which is connected in parallel with the charging circuit between the energy storage component and the first charging circuit; If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the second switch is turned off; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the second switch is turned on.

7. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first charging circuit includes: The current regulation module is used to regulate the charging current output by the charging interface to charge based on the charging current or the limiting current.

8. The charging control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current regulation module includes at least one of a PWM switching chip, a switching transistor, or a resistor.

9. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first charging circuit further includes: A switch module, which is connected to the control circuit; If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the switch module to open; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the switch module to open.

10. The charging control circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The switching module includes: A first switching transistor is connected between the first charging circuit and the energy storage component. The controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the control circuit. If the voltage of the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the first switching transistor to turn off; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the first switching transistor to turn on.

11. The charging control circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The switching module also includes: An optocoupler switch is connected between the first charging circuit and the controlled terminal of the first switching transistor. The controlled terminal of the optocoupler switch is connected to the control circuit. If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the control circuit controls the optocoupler switch to open to control the first switching transistor to open; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the control circuit controls the optocoupler switch to close to control the first switching transistor to close.

12. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first charging circuit further includes: A freewheeling unit is connected between the control circuit and the energy storage component, and / or the freewheeling unit is connected between the control circuit and the charging interface. If the charging interface does not output charging current to charge the energy storage component, the freewheeling unit outputs freewheeling current to charge the energy storage component.

13. The charging control circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The freewheeling unit includes at least one of an inductor or a diode.

14. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first switching unit is connected between the energy storage component and the control circuit, and / or the first switching unit is connected between the charging interface and the control circuit; If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned off, and the charging current flows out through the backup charging branch in the first switching unit. The backup charging branch is only allowed to carry current within the preset current range. If the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the first switching unit is turned on.

15. The charging control circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first switching unit further includes: A transistor is connected between the energy storage component and the charging control circuit, and / or the transistor is connected between the charging interface and the charging control circuit; The body diode corresponding to the transistor is disposed on the backup charging branch. The body diode is connected in parallel with the first and second terminals corresponding to the transistor. The direction of current flow through the body diode is the same as the direction of the charging current. If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the transistor is turned off, and the charging current flows out through the body diode; if the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the transistor is turned on.

16. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A voltage detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the energy storage component in order to send a voltage detection signal to the control circuit. The control circuit is used to determine whether the voltage of the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage based on the voltage detection signal.

17. A charging control method, characterized in that, A charging control circuit applicable to any one of claims 1-16, the charging control circuit comprising a charging interface and a charging circuit, the charger being connected to an energy storage component to be charged, for outputting a charging current to charge the energy storage component, the charging control circuit being connected between the energy storage component and the charger; the method comprising: Obtain the energy storage component voltage corresponding to the energy storage component; If the voltage of the energy storage component corresponding to the energy storage component is less than the preset operating voltage, the charging current output by the charger is limited so as to charge the energy storage component based on the limited current. If the voltage of the energy storage component is greater than or equal to the operating voltage, the charger is controlled to charge the energy storage component with the charging current.

18. A power supply device, characterized in that, The power supply device includes the charging control circuit and energy storage component as described in any one of claims 1-16.

19. The power supply device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The power supply device is at least one of the following: emergency start-up power supply, portable outdoor power supply, mobile power supply, vehicle battery, air pump, blower, or power tool.

Images