Circuit control module for adjusting circuit power through light source

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit control, in particular to a circuit control module for adjusting circuit power through a light source. The system comprises a light source feedback unit, a control processing unit, a power output unit and a power supply unit for supplying power, wherein the light source feedback unit comprises a light sensor and a light intensity feedback assembly connected with the light sensor; the power output unit comprises a PWM control loop and a power adjusting circuit connected with the PWM control loop. A comparison circuit is used for processing, a light intensity signal is converted into a high / low-level comparison signal to be output to a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer dynamically adjusts the output duty ratio of a PWM control loop; a PWM signal drives a power adjusting circuit with a flyback converter as a core, and the power transmitted to a load such as an LED light source is accurately adjusted by controlling the on and off of switch tubes Q1 and Q2, so that the ambient light intensity is stabilized near a target threshold value set by a slide rheostat VR1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit control technology, and more specifically, to a circuit control module that adjusts circuit power using a light source. Background Technology

[0002] A circuit control module is a device that integrates electronic components and circuits to monitor, manage, and control the operating status of a circuit system or equipment. Its core functions include receiving input signals, processing information, and generating output commands based on preset logic or algorithms to adjust current, voltage, device switching status, or system parameters, thereby achieving automated and intelligent operation.

[0003] In specific application scenarios such as LED lighting projects, existing technical solutions for circuit control modules face the following shortcomings:

[0004] First, traditional solutions often employ fixed power output or limited adjustments based on indirect parameters such as temperature and current, failing to provide real-time feedback and control directly based on the light output intensity of the light source itself. Second, existing adjustment methods largely rely on external temperature sensors, RC networks, or discrete circuits, resulting in indirect and slow-responding adjustment mechanisms with complex and inconsistent circuit structures. This design makes it difficult to construct high-precision closed-loop control with light intensity as direct feedback, hindering intelligent and continuous output adjustment. When facing complex and ever-changing application environments and personalized lighting needs, the system's flexibility, adaptability, and reliability are all insufficient.

[0005] Therefore, in LED engineering and related fields, there is an urgent need for an intelligent control scheme that can monitor changes in light source intensity in real time and dynamically adjust the output power of the circuit accordingly, so as to achieve comprehensive optimization of higher energy efficiency, stronger environmental adaptability and longer system life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of existing circuit control schemes being unable to perform real-time closed-loop adjustment based on changes in light intensity, as well as the response lag, circuit complexity, and insufficient adaptability caused by reliance on indirect parameters and external discrete components.

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit control module that adjusts the power of the light source circuit. It is composed of an ambient light sensor, a comparator circuit, a PWM control unit, and a flyback power conversion circuit. By directly feeding back the light intensity and using pulse width modulation technology, the driving power is dynamically adjusted so that the output light intensity is accurately and stably maintained at a preset threshold. This enables the lighting system to achieve high-precision adaptive adjustment, improved energy efficiency, and long-term reliable operation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention aims to provide a circuit control module for adjusting the power of a light source circuit, comprising a light source feedback unit, a control processing unit, a power output unit, and a power supply unit for supplying power to the first three units. The light source feedback unit includes a light sensor and a connected light intensity feedback component; the power output unit includes a PWM control loop and a connected power adjustment circuit.

[0009] The light sensor senses the ambient light intensity and outputs a light source intensity signal. After the light intensity feedback component processes the light source intensity signal, it outputs a comparison signal to the control processing unit. The control processing unit then adjusts the output power of the power regulation circuit through the PWM control loop to keep the ambient light intensity stable.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the light intensity feedback component includes an operational amplifier U1 and a sliding rheostat VR1, wherein:

[0011] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the sliding rheostat VR1;

[0012] The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to capacitor C1, resistor R1 and the photosensor. Resistor R1 is connected to resistor R2, light-emitting diode LED1, and sliding rheostat VR1 and connected to VCC terminal. Capacitor C1 is connected to the sliding rheostat and the other end of the photosensor.

[0013] The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to resistor R3, terminal A is connected to the other end of resistor R2, and resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the light-emitting diode LED1.

[0014] Furthermore, the light sensor is an ambient light sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the sliding rheostat VR1 is a knob-type rheostat.

[0016] During operation, the light sensor G monitors the ambient light intensity in real time and outputs a light source intensity signal to the comparison circuit. When the ambient light intensity is lower than the preset threshold, the comparison circuit outputs a high-level signal to the microcontroller through port A; when it is higher than the threshold, it outputs a low-level signal.

[0017] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the control processing unit includes a microcontroller and an external power supply circuit. The power supply unit supplies power to the microcontroller through the external power supply circuit. The microcontroller is used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control circuit output according to the received high / low level signals.

[0018] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the PWM control loop includes chip U4.

[0019] The VCC and RST pins of chip U4 are connected to resistor R10 and connected to the VCC terminal.

[0020] The DIS pin of the chip U4 is connected to resistor R11 and the other end of resistor R10. One end of resistor R11 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D11, and the other end of resistor R11 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D12.

[0021] The THR and TRI pins of the chip U4 are connected to capacitor C11 and to the negative terminal of diode D11 and the positive terminal of diode D12. Capacitor C11 is grounded.

[0022] The CON pin of chip U4 is connected to capacitor C12, and the GND pin of chip U4 is connected to the other end of capacitor C12 and grounded.

[0023] Furthermore, the resistor R11 is a variable resistor.

[0024] In this embodiment, the PWM control loop is an NE555 PWM circuit.

[0025] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the power regulation circuit includes a transformer T1 and switching transistors Q1 and Q2, wherein:

[0026] One end of the Np coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 and to the negative terminal of the diode D23. The positive terminal of the diode D23 is connected to the source of the switching transistor Q2 and to the VCC terminal.

[0027] The other end of the Np coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q2 and the positive terminal of the diode D22. The negative terminal of the diode D22 is connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q1 and the VCC terminal.

[0028] The gates of the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are both connected to the OUT pin of the chip U4;

[0029] One end of the Ns coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D21, and the negative terminal of the diode D21 is connected to the inductor L20 and the capacitor C20.

[0030] The other end of the Ns coil of the transformer T1 is connected to capacitor C21, and the load is connected to the other end of capacitor C20. Capacitor C21 is connected to the other end of inductor L20.

[0031] The primary-side switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are controlled by the PWM signal. When the switches are on, energy is stored in the transformer T1; when they are off, energy is released to the load through the secondary side of the transformer, and the duty cycle is used to adjust the output voltage.

[0032] In this invention, a closed-loop control system with ambient light intensity as the direct feedback quantity is constructed, deeply integrating light sensing, signal comparison, PWM modulation, and power conversion. The system compares the light intensity signal detected by the light sensor with an adjustable threshold, thereby controlling the PWM duty cycle. Finally, the system adjusts the light source drive power in real time through a flyback converter, making the adjustment of light output intensity continuous, fast, and precise. This effectively eliminates the lag and instability of traditional indirect control methods, fundamentally enhancing the system's adaptability to complex operating environments and its overall lifespan.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] In the circuit control module that adjusts the power of the light source circuit, an intelligent closed-loop control system with ambient light intensity as the direct feedback quantity is constructed. First, the ambient light sensor senses the light intensity in real time, and the comparison circuit with operational amplifier U1 as the core processes it, converting the light intensity signal into a high / low level comparison signal and outputting it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the output duty cycle of the PWM control loop composed of NE555 chip according to this signal.

[0035] Ultimately, the PWM signal drives a power regulation circuit with a flyback converter at its core. By controlling the on and off states of the switching transistors Q1 and Q2, it precisely adjusts the power transmitted to the load, such as an LED light source, so that the ambient light intensity is stabilized near the target threshold set by the sliding rheostat VR1. This achieves automatic monitoring and dynamic power regulation of ambient light intensity, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional solutions that rely on indirect parameters, have slow response, and are inaccurate in regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the light intensity feedback component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the PWM control loop of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a power regulation circuit diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a circuit control module for adjusting the power of a light source circuit, including a light source feedback unit, a control processing unit, a power output unit, and a power supply unit for supplying power to the first three units. The light source feedback unit includes a light sensor and a connected light intensity feedback component; the power output unit includes a PWM control loop and a connected power adjustment circuit.

[0044] The light sensor senses the ambient light intensity and outputs a light source intensity signal. After the light intensity feedback component processes the light source intensity signal, it outputs a comparison signal to the control processing unit. The control processing unit then adjusts the output power of the power regulation circuit through the PWM control loop to keep the ambient light intensity stable.

[0045] The light intensity feedback component includes an operational amplifier U1 and a sliding rheostat VR1, wherein:

[0046] The non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to a sliding rheostat VR1;

[0047] The inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to capacitor C1, resistor R1, and then connected to a photosensitive sensor. Figure 2 (G), resistor R1 is connected to resistor R2, light-emitting diode LED1, and sliding rheostat VR1 and connected to VCC terminal; capacitor C1 is connected to the sliding rheostat and connected to the other end of the light sensor.

[0048] The output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to resistor R3, and terminal A is connected in parallel to the other end of resistor R2. Resistor R3 is connected to the other end of LED1.

[0049] Among them, the light sensor is an ambient light sensor, which is specifically used to detect the visible light range (approximately 400-700nm) and is suitable for the detection of light intensity in this application.

[0050] Furthermore, the sliding rheostat VR1 is a knob-type rheostat, which belongs to the circuit device that achieves resistance adjustment through mechanical rotation.

[0051] This circuit is a comparator circuit composed of an LM393 operational amplifier U1 and a sliding rheostat VR1, with terminal A connected to a microcontroller. During operation, the ambient light intensity is monitored in real time by a light sensor G, which outputs a light source intensity signal to the comparator circuit. When the ambient light intensity is below a preset threshold, the comparator circuit outputs a high-level signal to the microcontroller through port A; when it is above the threshold, it outputs a low-level signal. The threshold can be set as needed by rotating the sliding rheostat VR1 to adjust its resistance.

[0052] The control processing unit includes a microcontroller and an external power supply circuit. The power supply unit supplies power to the microcontroller through the external power supply circuit. The microcontroller is used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control circuit output according to the received high / low level signals.

[0053] The PWM control loop includes chip U4.

[0054] Connect resistor R10 to the VCC and RST pins of chip U4 and connect it to the VCC terminal.

[0055] The DIS pin of chip U4 is connected to resistor R11 and the other end of resistor R10. One end of resistor R11 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D11, and the other end of resistor R11 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D12.

[0056] The THR and TRI pins of chip U4 are connected to capacitor C11 and in parallel to the negative terminal of diode D11 and the positive terminal of diode D12. Capacitor C11 is grounded.

[0057] The CON pin of chip U4 is connected to capacitor C12, and the GND pin of chip U4 is connected to the other end of capacitor C12 and grounded. Resistor R11 is a variable resistor.

[0058] In this embodiment, the PWM control loop is an NE555 PWM circuit.

[0059] Initially, the voltage of capacitor C11 is lower than the threshold at the TRI pin, and chip U4 outputs a high level through the OUT pin. At this time, the discharge pin DIS is in a high-impedance state. When capacitor C11 charges to a voltage higher than the threshold at the THR pin, the discharge pin DIS outputs a low level, causing diode D11 to turn off and diode D12 to turn on, thus starting the discharge. At the same time, the output switches to a low level. Capacitor C11 continues to discharge until the voltage is lower than the threshold at the TRI pin, at which point the discharge stops, diode D12 turns off, diode D11 turns on, and capacitor C11 starts charging again. At the same time, the output switches to a high level, completing one cycle.

[0060] The NE555 PWM circuit described above has a charging path consisting of resistors R10 and R11 and diode D11, and a discharging path consisting of resistors R11 and R12 and diode D12. The high level corresponds to the charging time of capacitor C11, and the low level corresponds to the discharging time. By setting resistor R11 as a variable resistor, the duty cycle can be adjusted as needed while keeping the square wave period constant.

[0061] The power regulation circuit includes a transformer T1 and switching transistors Q1 and Q2, wherein:

[0062] One end of the Np coil of transformer T1 is connected to the source of switching transistor Q1 and then to the negative terminal of diode D23. The positive terminal of diode D23 is connected to the source of switching transistor Q2 and then to the VCC terminal.

[0063] The other end of the Np coil of transformer T1 is connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2 and the positive terminal of diode D22. The negative terminal of diode D22 is connected to the drain of switching transistor Q1 and the VCC terminal.

[0064] The gates of switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are both connected to the OUT pin of chip U4;

[0065] One end of the Ns coil of transformer T1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D21, and the negative terminal of diode D21 is connected to inductor L20 and capacitor C20.

[0066] The other end of the Ns coil of transformer T1 is connected to capacitor C21, the load is connected in parallel to the other end of capacitor C20, and capacitor C21 is connected to the other end of inductor L20.

[0067] The power regulation circuit is a flyback converter, which controls the primary-side switches Q1 and Q2 according to the PWM signal. When the switches are on, energy is stored in the transformer T1; when they are off, energy is released to the load through the secondary side of the transformer, and the duty cycle regulates the output voltage. Specifically, the switches Q1 and Q2 operate according to the PWM duty cycle signal. The transformer T1 isolates and transmits the stored energy. That is, when the switches Q1 and Q2 are on, Np stores energy; when the switches Q1 and Q2 are off, the coil Np releases energy to the coil Ns. At the same time, the leakage inductance of the coil Np is returned to the input through diodes D22 and D23, eliminating the need for an RCD leakage inductance spike absorption circuit. A low-pass filter composed of inductor L20 and capacitors C20 and C21 is set at the output.

[0068] In summary, the core of this invention lies in constructing an intelligent closed-loop control system that uses ambient light intensity as the direct feedback quantity. This module highly integrates a light source feedback unit, a control processing unit, and a power output unit. Through the collaborative work of these units, it achieves automatic monitoring and dynamic power adjustment of ambient light intensity, thereby effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional solutions that rely on indirect parameters, have slow response times, and are inaccurate in adjustment.

[0069] Specifically, the system's workflow is clear: First, an ambient light sensor detects light intensity in real time, and a comparator circuit centered on operational amplifier U1 processes the signal, converting the light intensity signal into a high / low level comparison signal, which is then output to the microcontroller. The microcontroller, as the core of the control processing unit, dynamically adjusts the output duty cycle of the PWM control loop, constructed using the NE555 chip, based on this signal. Finally, this PWM signal drives a power regulation circuit centered on a flyback converter, precisely adjusting the power transmitted to the load, such as an LED light source, by controlling the on / off states of switches Q1 and Q2, thus stabilizing the ambient light intensity near the target threshold set by the sliding rheostat VR1.

[0070] This embodiment deeply integrates light sensing, signal comparison, logic processing, and power conversion. It not only achieves a direct and rapid response from "sensing light intensity" to "adjusting power," but also endows the system with excellent flexibility and environmental adaptability through an adjustable threshold and PWM duty cycle continuous adjustment mechanism. This design significantly improves the automation level, energy efficiency, and long-term operational reliability of lighting systems, providing a highly integrated, low-cost, and high-performance intelligent control solution for applications such as LED engineering.

[0071] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended technical solutions and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source, comprising a light source feedback unit, a control processing unit, a power output unit, and a power supply unit for power supply, characterized in that: The light source feedback unit includes a light sensor and a connected light intensity feedback component; the power output unit includes a PWM control loop and a connected power adjustment circuit. The light sensor senses the ambient light intensity and outputs a light source intensity signal. After the light intensity feedback component processes the light source intensity signal, it outputs a comparison signal to the control processing unit. The control processing unit then adjusts the output power of the power regulation circuit through the PWM control loop to keep the ambient light intensity stable.

2. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity feedback component includes an operational amplifier U1 and a sliding rheostat VR1, wherein: The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the sliding rheostat VR1; The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to capacitor C1, resistor R1 and the photosensor. Resistor R1 is connected to resistor R2, light-emitting diode LED1, and sliding rheostat VR1 and connected to VCC terminal. Capacitor C1 is connected to the sliding rheostat and the other end of the photosensor. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to resistor R3, terminal A is connected to the other end of resistor R2, and resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the light-emitting diode LED1.

3. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light sensor is an ambient light sensor.

4. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding rheostat VR1 is a knob-type rheostat.

5. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control processing unit includes a microcontroller and an external power supply circuit. The power supply unit supplies power to the microcontroller through the external power supply circuit. The microcontroller is used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control circuit output according to the received high / low level signals.

6. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PWM control loop includes chip U4. The VCC and RST pins of chip U4 are connected to resistor R10 and connected to the VCC terminal. The DIS pin of the chip U4 is connected to resistor R11 and the other end of resistor R10. One end of resistor R11 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D11, and the other end of resistor R11 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D12. The THR and TRI pins of the chip U4 are connected to capacitor C11 and to the negative terminal of diode D11 and the positive terminal of diode D12. Capacitor C11 is grounded. The CON pin of chip U4 is connected to capacitor C12, and the GND pin of chip U4 is connected to the other end of capacitor C12 and grounded.

7. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 6, characterized in that: The resistor R11 is a variable resistor.

8. The circuit control module for adjusting circuit power via a light source according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power regulation circuit includes a transformer T1 and switching transistors Q1 and Q2, wherein: One end of the Np coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 and to the negative terminal of the diode D23. The positive terminal of the diode D23 is connected to the source of the switching transistor Q2 and to the VCC terminal. The other end of the Np coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q2 and the positive terminal of the diode D22. The negative terminal of the diode D22 is connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q1 and the VCC terminal. The gates of the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are both connected to the OUT pin of the chip U4; One end of the Ns coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D21, and the negative terminal of the diode D21 is connected to the inductor L20 and the capacitor C20. The other end of the Ns coil of the transformer T1 is connected to capacitor C21, and the load is connected to the other end of capacitor C20. Capacitor C21 is connected to the other end of inductor L20.

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