Optical fiber screening rewinder

Abstract

This invention discloses an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine, relating to the field of optical fiber screening technology. It includes: a protective cover enclosing the winding assembly, with a through-hole facing the direction of the incoming optical fiber; and a tension monitoring component positioned on the routing path of the traction screening assembly to monitor whether the optical fiber between the traction wheel and the screening wheel is broken, generating a breakage anomaly signal upon detection. This invention triggers a sealing and cutting component and a capture component in conjunction when an abnormal breakage is detected by the tension monitoring component. The movable sliding cover actively cuts the optical fiber while closing the through-hole, and the capture component simultaneously collects the free fiber segment. This solution overcomes the hysteresis of traditional gravity interception mechanisms, achieving rapid and thorough physical isolation between the abnormal breakage and the winding area, fundamentally solving the problem of severe tumbling and secondary damage to the equipment caused by excessively long residual optical fiber after a breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical fiber screening technology, and specifically to an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] After optical fiber is drawn, it must undergo a screening and rewinding process to remove defects (weak points) that do not meet the strength standards within the fiber by applying a specific constant tension. The fiber is then rewound to a standard reel in a fixed length. Existing optical fiber screening and rewinding machines typically include an unwinding assembly, a traction screening assembly, and a winding assembly. The optical fiber passes through these assemblies sequentially at extremely high linear speeds (usually above 50 m / s) and is subjected to strictly set screening tensions and test loads along this path.

[0003] Because optical fibers operate under high tension and high speed in the traction and screening zone, once an optical fiber breaks due to a defect (i.e., a broken fiber), the originally taut optical fiber will instantly lose the tension constraint at both ends. Under the combined action of huge kinetic energy and released elastic potential energy, the broken free fiber tail will undergo extremely violent and disorderly swinging inside the equipment (i.e., "whipping" phenomenon). This uncontrolled high-speed swinging can easily cause the optical fiber to get caught in the surrounding transmission bearings, precision guide wheels, and other mechanisms, causing serious secondary damage to the equipment. At the same time, the reel, which rotates continuously at high speed due to inertia, will forcibly pull the wildly swinging broken fiber into it, damaging the formed cabling structure and even causing the reel to explode, resulting in the entire reel of optical fiber being scrapped.

[0004] The prior art proposes a Chinese patent with publication number CN105819277B to solve the aforementioned technical problems. The technical solution disclosed in this patent document is as follows: "It includes: a dancing wheel, a wire, a cable reel, and an optical fiber take-up reel. The optical fiber take-up reel is covered with a first protective cover and a second protective cover. The optical fiber enters the optical fiber take-up reel through the gap between the first and second protective covers. A first motor drives the first protective cover to rotate, and simultaneously drives the second protective cover to rotate synchronously through a transmission device. The second motor drives the optical fiber take-up reel to rotate. When the optical fiber breaks, a pneumatic rod pushes..." The first base moves on the first guide rail, pushing the first protective cover towards the second protective cover, thus clamping the broken end of the optical fiber between the two covers. When fiber breakage occurs during screening and rewinding due to fiber strength issues or equipment malfunctions, this device clamps the broken end of the fiber, preventing it from continuously whipping the fiber on the fiber take-up reel surface at high speed, thus avoiding impact on fiber quality. This solution primarily utilizes gravity or a mechanical structure to trigger a signal upon fiber breakage, combined with a rotatable protective cover and clamping mechanism to block the flying fiber.

[0005] However, the existing technology still has the following major problems in practical applications: At the extremely high linear speed of the optical fiber, it is difficult to accurately control the system's gravity response triggering mechanism and the mechanical timing of the protective cover closing at high speed, resulting in a serious lag in the overall action. This not only makes it difficult for the protective structure to effectively clamp the out-of-control optical fiber in the early stage of fiber breakage, but more fatally, even if the protective cover eventually completes the closing and interception, an extremely long free optical fiber segment will inevitably remain on the outside of the protective cover. After losing tension constraint, this long residual optical fiber will still violently and disorderly swing and whip in the routing area, which is very easy to get into the traction wheel group or the surrounding transmission mechanism and cause secondary damage. It cannot fundamentally eliminate the equipment hazards caused by fiber breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine that, when detecting a broken fiber, activates a sealing and cutting component to slide and close and cut the optical fiber, while simultaneously collecting the free segment by a capture component, thereby achieving complete isolation of the winding area and preventing broken fiber from damaging the equipment.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An optical fiber screening and rewinding machine includes a frame, an unwinding assembly, a traction screening assembly, and a winding assembly. The optical fiber passes sequentially through the unwinding assembly, the traction screening assembly, and the winding assembly along a routing path. The traction screening assembly includes a traction wheel and a screening wheel. The machine also includes: a protective cover covering the winding assembly, with a through-hole facing the direction of the incoming optical fiber; a tension monitoring assembly located on the routing path of the traction screening assembly, used to monitor whether the optical fiber between the traction wheel and the screening wheel is broken, and to generate a breakage anomaly signal when a breakage occurs; a sealing and cutting assembly located on the protective cover and responding to the breakage anomaly signal, the sealing and cutting assembly including a movable sliding cover and a linked cutting component; the movable sliding cover slides along the surface of the protective cover to close the through-hole, and during the closing of the through-hole, the cutting component cuts the optical fiber located within the window; and a capture assembly located between the screening wheel and the protective cover, also responding to the breakage anomaly signal; the capture assembly is triggered synchronously when the movable sliding cover moves to collect the cut optical fiber segments that are in a free state.

[0009] By employing the above technical solution, a tension monitoring component is installed along the routing path of the traction screening assembly, enabling real-time detection and signal feedback of fiber optic breakage. Addressing the issue of uncontrolled downstream fiber segments after a breakage, this solution, upon receiving an abnormal breakage signal, actively cuts the fiber using a sealing and cutting component mounted on the protective cover. The cutting action is synchronized with the sliding of the closing window via a movable cover, physically preventing subsequent fiber from entering the winding area. Simultaneously, a synchronously triggered capture component collects the cut, free-floating fiber tail. This coordinated operation not only achieves safe isolation of the winding area but also systematically solves the problem of fiber damage caused by pulling and tangling inside the equipment after a breakage.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the optical fiber screening and rewinding machine further includes: an unwinding allowance monitoring component, which is set on the optical fiber routing path between the unwinding component and the traction screening component, for monitoring whether there is allowance in the optical fiber at the unwinding end, and outputting an unwinding end signal when the end of the optical fiber is detached from the unwinding component; a control module, which is electrically connected to the tension monitoring component, the unwinding allowance monitoring component, the sealing and cutting component, and the capturing component respectively; the control module is configured to: when it receives a fiber breakage abnormality signal output by the tension monitoring component, and does not receive an unwinding end signal output by the unwinding allowance monitoring component, determine that the optical fiber is abnormally broken, and trigger the sealing and cutting component and the capturing component to perform actions; when it receives an unwinding end signal, determine that the unwinding is normal and block the triggering command to the sealing and cutting component and the capturing component.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, and by adding an unwinding margin monitoring component on the unwinding side and establishing cross-comparison logic for the dual monitoring signals in the control module, the system has the ability to accurately distinguish between abnormal breakage accidents and normal rewinding and unwinding conditions. When the fiber unwinding is completed normally, the system identifies the unwinding end signal that arrives before the fiber breakage signal and directly blocks the subsequent triggering commands to the sealing and cutting components and the capture components from the program bottom layer. This allows the remaining fiber tail to pass smoothly through the protective cover and be wound into the winding component to complete the end. This control logic eliminates interference from accidental shutdowns and equipment malfunctions during normal production rewinding conditions and improves the automation and unmanned operation level of the equipment.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the protective cover includes: a first housing and a second housing; the joint portion of the first housing and the second housing on one side is rotatably connected by a hinge assembly so that the protective cover can be in an open and closed state; a quick-release locking member is provided at the joint portion of the first housing and the second housing on the other side; when the quick-release locking member is in the locked state, the first housing and the second housing are fixedly spliced ​​together and form a closed chamber inside that is independent of the winding assembly and relatively stationary; the wire-penetrating window and the sealing and cutting assembly are integrated and installed on the outer wall of the first housing.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a double-shell structure with one side hinged and the other side quick-release locking is used to transform the protective chamber into an openable operating space, which facilitates the loading and unloading of materials and threading of wires by the operators.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the sealing and cutting assembly further includes: an arc-shaped sliding cover, which is a movable sliding cover, the curvature of which is concentric with the cylindrical cavity of the protective cover and slides along the circumferential trajectory of the protective cover; the leading closing edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover is a straight line parallel to the axis of the cylindrical cavity; a slot is provided on the arc-shaped sliding cover, and an installation plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first housing, and an electromagnetic lock is fixedly installed on the installation plate, the latch of the electromagnetic lock is used in conjunction with the slot; a moving blade and a fixed blade together constitute the cutting component; the moving blade is installed on the leading closing edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover, and the fixed blade is installed on the closing edge of the through-hole window; during the sliding of the arc-shaped sliding cover along the circumferential trajectory, the moving blade and the fixed blade cross each other in opposite directions; a pushing structure is used to drive the arc-shaped sliding cover to perform closing and cutting actions when the electromagnetic lock releases the latch.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the cooperation of an electromagnetic lock and a slot, the power of the cutting mechanism is converted into a firing mode of mechanical energy storage and transient unlocking, eliminating the start-up acceleration lag of the drive element and compressing the trigger time of the sliding cover to an extremely short millisecond level. By setting an arc-shaped sliding cover concentric with the cavity of the protective cover, and using the cylindrical surface for circumferential sliding, the lateral space occupied by the linear slide rail is eliminated, making the equipment structure more compact. In addition, this sliding trajectory causes the moving blade and the fixed blade to form a counter-displacement, performing point-contact displacement shearing on the brittle optical fiber during the closed stroke. From the cutting pattern, this avoids the glass shattering phenomenon caused by the blade directly hitting and squeezing, maintains a smooth cut, and reduces the generation of dust and debris.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a guide slope is provided on the inner side of the through window, and the arc-shaped sliding cover is in close contact with the guide slope and slides in cooperation; when the through window is in the closed state, the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding cover and the inner wall of the protective cover achieve a smooth transition through the guide slope, forming a continuous smooth inner cavity together.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a guide slope is set on the inner side of the through window, so that the closed arc-shaped sliding cover and the inner wall of the protective cover can smoothly transition, forming a continuous smooth inner cavity inside the equipment. This structure isolates the cutting engagement position of the moving blade and the fixed blade outside the smooth inner cavity, ensuring the execution of the cutting action, while avoiding the fiber in the closed cavity from scratching the protrusions or blade edge due to centrifugal expansion, thus reducing the damage rate of the winding product.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the pushing structure includes a sleeve and a piston rod. One end of the sleeve is hinged to the outer frame, and the extended end of the piston rod is hinged to the arc-shaped sliding cover. A pushing spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. An end cover is provided inside the sleeve, and the piston rod slides through the end cover. A buffer column is provided at one end of the piston rod located inside the sleeve, and a tapered transition part is provided at the front end of the buffer column. A piston cylinder with a shape matching the buffer column is provided inside the end cover, and a rounded transition part is provided at the edge of the piston cylinder. A speed-limiting exhaust hole is also provided on the sleeve.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a pusher structure with a buffer column and piston cylinder insertion structure is set up to convert the push rod movement into a two-stage movement of smooth exhaust in the early stage and airtight damping at the end. This structure ensures rapid cutting of optical fiber in the early stage, and forms air pressure damping at the end of the stroke through the speed-limiting exhaust hole to slow down the sliding cover. This provides a delay time for the winding reel to draw the offline cable head into the chamber by means of rotational inertia, avoiding the risk of reel explosion caused by the tail cable being clamped.

[0020] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the tension monitoring component includes: a floating swing arm hinged to the frame by a torsion spring, the end of which is rotatably connected to a floating guide wheel; an arc-shaped groove is provided on the frame for the passage of the central axis of the floating guide wheel; a sensing element fixedly connected to the hinge shaft between the floating swing arm and the frame; a monitoring sensor fixedly installed on the frame for monitoring the position signal of the sensing element as it rotates with the shaft; and a limiting post for limiting the extreme swing angle of the floating swing arm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the rigid wire-passing mechanism is transformed into a flexible mechanism with displacement margin through the elastic cooperation of the floating swing arm and the torsion spring, absorbing the tension impact during machine operation. At the same time, the fiber optic de-tension signal is converted into the macroscopic rotational displacement of the sensing plate on the hinged shaft. The position of the sensing plate is read by the monitoring sensor, eliminating the interference of dust environment on the direct optical detection of the fine optical fiber. Furthermore, by adding a limit post to physically interfere with the extreme position of the floating swing arm, the violent rotation of the swing arm is forcibly stopped at the moment of wire breakage, preventing over-travel damage to the mechanical structure and ensuring that the sensing plate is accurately suspended in the sensing area of ​​the monitoring sensor, providing the control module with a continuous and stable abnormal signal input of wire breakage.

[0022] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the unwinding allowance monitoring component includes: a slide rail, fixedly connected to the frame; a slider, slidably connected to the slide rail, and a first guide wheel rotatably connected to the slider; a support plate, fixedly connected to the frame and located below the slider, with a support rod slidably passing through the support plate; the top end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the slider, and a limit head is fixedly fixed at the bottom end; a support spring is sleeved on the outside of the support rod, with both ends of the support spring abutting against the support plate and the slider respectively; a detection sensor is fixedly attached to the end of the limit head, and a sensing plate for reflecting the light source of the detection sensor is also fixedly connected to the inside of the frame; when the first guide wheel loses the pressure of the optical fiber tension, the support spring pushes the slider and the support rod to move, causing the limit head to trigger the detection sensor to output an unwinding end signal.

[0023] By employing the above technical solution, a vertical lifting structure using a linear guide rail and supporting spring extracts the one-dimensional change in fiber tension, filtering out the lateral force generated by fiber wandering and reducing mechanism jamming. Furthermore, the detection sensor is directly fixed to the moving limit head, and a large-area induction plate is installed on the frame, constructing a dynamic optical detection loop where the sensor moves with the light source and the fixed induction plate provides a large-area, high-contrast reflection. This structure utilizes the diffuse or specular reflection characteristics of the dedicated induction plate to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the photoelectric signal, overcomes the optical attenuation problem caused by dust accumulation on the surface of small mechanical parts, and enhances the reliability and continuity of signal triggering in harsh environments.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the capture component includes a capture motor fixedly connected inside the frame, the output end of the capture motor is fixedly connected to a rotating plate, two winding rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the optical fiber segment located between the traction screening component and the protective cover passes through the gap between the two winding rods.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the single-point rigid clamping of the optical fiber is transformed into multi-turn flexible circumferential winding by setting up a rotating capture mechanism. This structure utilizes the spatial envelope trajectory formed by the revolution of the two rods to expand the physical interference and capture range of the swinging optical fiber and reduce the miss rate. At the same time, the process of the free optical fiber undergoing multi-turn winding on the winding rod smoothly dissipates the linear kinetic energy of the high-speed free segment by utilizing the frictional resistance between the optical fiber and the rod, avoiding secondary brittle fracture caused by stress concentration, and realizing reliable physical fixation of broken wires in a disordered motion state.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0027] 1. This invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine. When an abnormal fiber break is detected by a tension monitoring component, the sealing and cutting component and the capture component are linked. The optical fiber is actively cut by a movable sliding cover during the process of closing the through-wire window, and the free fiber segment is collected simultaneously by the capture component. This solution changes the response lag of traditional gravity interception mechanisms, and provides extremely fast and thorough physical isolation between the abnormal fiber break and the winding area. It fundamentally solves the problem of violent tumbling and secondary damage to the equipment caused by excessively long external residual optical fiber after the wire break.

[0028] 2. This invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine. By adding an unwinding allowance monitoring component and cross-comparing it with a tension monitoring component, the control system can accurately distinguish between two working conditions: abnormal breakage midway and normal unwinding completion. When normal unwinding ends, the system automatically shields the sealing and capturing actions, allowing the wire tail to be smoothly wound up. This eliminates the interference of accidental stoppages and malfunctions of traditional equipment during normal unwinding, and significantly improves the continuous operation efficiency of automated production lines.

[0029] 3. This invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine, in which a protective cover and an arc-shaped sliding cover cooperate to form a continuous, smooth inner cavity, isolating the misaligned shearing action of the moving and fixed blades outside this smooth inner cavity. This structural design not only avoids the glass fiber shattering caused by traditional head-on collision and compression through sliding side cutting, but also completely eliminates the hidden danger of the internal optical fiber scraping the blade edge or gap steps due to centrifugal expansion after closure, ensuring the product yield of the wound optical fiber.

[0030] 4. This invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine. By setting a push structure with a buffer column and a speed-limiting exhaust structure in the drive mechanism, it realizes a two-stage closing action of rapid cutting at the beginning of the arc-shaped sliding cover and airtight damping deceleration at the end. While ensuring rapid blocking of tangled wires, it provides a precise delay time for the winding reel to suck up the external residual wire ends by means of rotational inertia, effectively avoiding internal reel explosion accidents caused by tightly clamping the tail wire due to excessively fast closing.

[0031] 5. This invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine, which systematically optimizes the tension and unwinding allowance monitoring mechanism from both mechanical and optical detection perspectives. By utilizing a floating swing arm and linear slide rail structure, it not only effectively absorbs transient tension impacts and filters lateral interference forces, but also transfers the signal trigger point to a large-format mechanical component displacement far away from the dusty wiring area, greatly enhancing the accuracy and continuous stability of the monitoring signal output in high-vibration and dusty environments. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention from a first-view perspective;

[0034] Figure 2This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention from a second perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cover of the present invention in the open state;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped sliding cover of the present invention in the open state;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped sliding cover of the present invention in the closed state;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing and cutting assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pushing structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unwinding allowance monitoring component and the tension monitoring component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of the cutting process of the moving blade in this invention;

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Unwinding assembly; 3. Rewinding assembly; 4. Traction and screening assembly; 401. Traction wheel; 402. Screening wheel; 5. Protective cover; 501. First housing; 502. Second housing; 503. Through-hole; 504. Guide slope; 6. Sealing and cutting assembly; 601. Arc-shaped sliding cover; 602. Mounting plate; 603. Slot; 604. Electromagnetic lock; 611. Fixed blade; 612. Moving blade; 621. Sleeve; 622. Piston push rod; 623. Buffer column; 624. Speed ​​limiting vent; 625. Conical transition section; 626. 627. End cap; 628. Piston cylinder; 629. Push spring; 700. Unwinding allowance monitoring assembly; 701. Slide rail; 702. Slider; 703. Support rod; 704. First guide wheel; 705. Support spring; 706. Detection sensor; 707. Sensing plate; 708. Limit head; 709. Support plate; 800. Tension monitoring assembly; 801. Floating swing arm; 802. Arc groove; 803. Floating guide wheel; 804. Sensing plate; 805. Monitoring sensor; 806. Limit post; 901. Capture assembly; 902. Rotating plate; 903. Winding rod. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-9As shown, the present invention provides an optical fiber screening and rewinding machine, including a frame 1, an unwinding assembly 2, a traction screening assembly 4, and a winding assembly 3. The optical fiber passes sequentially through the unwinding assembly 2, the traction screening assembly 4, and the winding assembly 3 along its routing path. The traction screening assembly 4 includes a traction wheel 401 and a screening wheel 402. It also includes:

[0046] The protective cover 5 covers the outside of the winding assembly 3, and the protective cover 5 has a through window 503 facing the direction of the optical fiber line.

[0047] Tension monitoring component 8 is set on the wiring path of traction screening component 4 to monitor whether the optical fiber between traction wheel 401 and screening wheel 402 is broken, and generates a broken fiber abnormality signal when the fiber is broken.

[0048] The sealing and cutting assembly 6 is set on the protective cover 5 and responds to the wire breakage abnormal signal. The sealing and cutting assembly 6 includes a movable sliding cover and a cutting component that is linked together. The movable sliding cover closes the wire-penetrating window 503 by sliding along the surface of the protective cover 5, and the cutting component cuts the optical fiber located in the window during the closing process of the wire-penetrating window 503.

[0049] The capture component 9 is located between the screening wheel 402 and the protective cover 5, and responds to the broken fiber abnormality signal. The capture component 9 is triggered synchronously when the movable sliding cover is activated to collect the fiber segment that is in a free state after being cut.

[0050] In this embodiment, by setting a tension monitoring component 8 on the routing path of the traction screening component 4, real-time detection and signal feedback of fiber breakage conditions are achieved. Addressing the issue of uncontrolled downstream segments after fiber breakage, this solution, upon acquiring the abnormal breakage signal, actively cuts the fiber using a sealing and cutting component 6 mounted on the protective cover 5. The cutting action is linked to the sliding of the closing window by the movable sliding cover, physically preventing subsequent fiber from entering the winding area. Simultaneously, a synchronously triggered capture component 9 collects the fiber tail segment in a free state after cutting. The coordinated operation of these components not only achieves safe isolation of the winding area but also systematically solves the problem of fiber damage caused by pulling and tangling inside the equipment after breakage.

[0051] Specifically:

[0052] When the equipment is working normally, the optical fiber passes through the unwinding assembly 2, the traction screening assembly 4 and the wire-penetrating window 503 of the protective cover 5 in sequence along the routing path and enters the winding assembly 3; the tension monitoring assembly 8 monitors the optical fiber status in the traction screening area in real time.

[0053] When an optical fiber breaks, the tension monitoring component 8 detects the break and generates a breakage abnormality signal. After receiving the signal, the system synchronously triggers the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capturing component 9 to operate. The capturing component 9 operates to collect the free optical fiber segment in the air. At the same time, the movable sliding cover of the sealing and cutting component 6 slides rapidly along the surface of the protective cover 5. In the process of blocking the through-hole window 503, it drives the cutting component to cut the optical fiber segment located in the window. Finally, the movable sliding cover completely closes the through-hole window 503, physically isolating the winding component 3 from the external wiring area.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, it further includes an unwinding allowance monitoring component 7, which is disposed on the optical fiber routing path between the unwinding component 2 and the traction screening component 4, for monitoring whether there is allowance in the optical fiber at the unwinding end, and outputting an unwinding end signal when the end of the optical fiber is removed from the unwinding component 2.

[0056] The control module is electrically connected to the tension monitoring component 8, the unwinding allowance monitoring component 7, the sealing and cutting component 6, and the capture component 9, respectively.

[0057] The control module is configured as follows:

[0058] When a fiber breakage abnormality signal is received from the tension monitoring component 8, but no unwinding end signal is received from the unwinding allowance monitoring component 7, it is determined that the optical fiber is abnormally broken, triggering the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capture component 9 to perform actions.

[0059] When a signal indicating the end of unwinding is received, it is determined that the unwinding has ended normally, and the trigger commands to the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capture component 9 are blocked.

[0060] Conventional systems rely solely on tension loss to determine when to stop, failing to distinguish between "intermediate fiber breakage" and "normal unwinding completion." When the optical fiber is unwound normally to the end and detaches from the tray, tension is also lost, causing the system to misjudge it as a fiber breakage accident and incorrectly trigger the cutting mechanism. This results in the normally wound tail wire being cut and clamped in the middle of the equipment, requiring manual intervention to clean it, thus reducing the continuous operating efficiency of the automated production line.

[0061] In this embodiment, by adding an unwinding margin monitoring component 7 on the unwinding side and establishing cross-comparison logic for the dual monitoring signals in the control module, the system is able to accurately distinguish between abnormal breakage accidents and normal rewinding and unwinding conditions. When the fiber is unwound normally, the system identifies the unwinding end signal that arrives before the fiber breakage signal and directly blocks the subsequent triggering commands to the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capture component 9 from the bottom layer of the program, allowing the remaining fiber tail to pass smoothly through the protective cover 5 and be wound into the winding component 3 to complete the end. This control logic eliminates the interference of accidental shutdown and equipment malfunction during normal production rewinding conditions and improves the automation and unmanned operation level of the equipment.

[0062] When the equipment breaks midway during normal operation, the first half of the optical fiber between the unwinding assembly 2 and the traction screening assembly 4 is still present, the unwinding allowance monitoring assembly 7 maintains normal monitoring status and does not output an end signal; while the tension monitoring assembly 8 outputs a broken wire abnormal signal due to wire breakage and tension loss. After comparison, the control module determines it to be an accident and then sends a command to the sealing and cutting assembly 6 and the capture assembly 9 to trigger the execution action.

[0063] When the equipment unwinds to the tail end normally, the fiber tail end first leaves the unwinding allowance monitoring component 7, the state of which changes and triggers the unwinding end signal; after receiving the signal, the control module immediately blocks the triggering program for the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capturing component 9; subsequently, the fiber tail end continues to move forward and passes the tension monitoring component 8, causing the tension monitoring component 8 to output a wire breakage abnormal signal due to loss of tension; however, because the triggering command of the control module has been blocked in advance, the sealing and cutting component 6 and the capturing component 9 remain stationary and do not move, and the winding component 3 decelerates smoothly and winds all the uncut fiber tail into the reel.

[0064] like Figures 3-6 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the protective cover 5 includes:

[0065] The first housing 501 and the second housing 502 are connected on one side by a hinge assembly so that the protective cover 5 can be in an open or closed state.

[0066] A quick-release locking component is provided at the joint on the other side of the first housing 501 and the second housing 502;

[0067] When the quick-release locking mechanism is in the locked state, the first housing 501 and the second housing 502 are fixedly spliced ​​together, forming a closed chamber inside that is independent of the winding assembly 3 and relatively stationary; the wire window 503 and the sealing and cutting assembly 6 are integrated and installed on the outer wall of the first housing 501.

[0068] In this embodiment, by adopting a double-shell structure with one side hinged and the other side quick-release locking, the protective chamber is transformed into an openable operating space, which facilitates the operator's loading and unloading of materials and threading of wires.

[0069] Specifically, when threading or changing the reel, the operator manually releases the quick-release locking mechanism, pulls the second housing 502 to flip open around the hinge assembly, and fully exposes the winding assembly 3 to the external space for operation; after the operation is completed, the second housing 502 is pushed to close to the first housing 501 until the joint is fitted, and then the quick-release locking mechanism is fastened, so that the two housings are tightened and fixedly spliced, forming a closed safety chamber outside the winding reel.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] like Figures 3-6 As shown, based on Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the sealing and cutting component 6 further includes:

[0072] The arc-shaped sliding cover 601, as a movable sliding cover, has an arc concentric with the cylindrical cavity of the protective cover 5 and slides along the circumferential trajectory of the protective cover 5; the leading closing edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 is a straight line parallel to the axis of the cylindrical cavity; a slot 603 is provided on the arc-shaped sliding cover 601; an mounting plate 602 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first housing 501; an electromagnetic lock 604 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 602; the latch of the electromagnetic lock 604 is used in conjunction with the slot 603.

[0073] The moving blade 612 and the fixed blade 611 together constitute the cutting part; the moving blade 612 is installed on the leading closed edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover 601, and the fixed blade 611 is installed on the closed edge of the through-hole window 503; as the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 slides along the circumferential trajectory, the moving blade 612 and the fixed blade 611 intersect each other in opposite directions;

[0074] The push-up structure is used to drive the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 to perform closing and cutting actions when the electromagnetic lock 604 releases the latch.

[0075] In this embodiment, by introducing the cooperation between the electromagnetic lock 604 and the slot 603, the power of the cutting mechanism is converted into a firing mode of mechanical energy storage and transient unlocking, eliminating the start-up acceleration lag of the drive element. Furthermore, by setting an arc-shaped sliding cover 601 concentric with the cavity of the protective cover 5, the cylindrical surface is used for circumferential sliding, making the device structure more compact. In addition, the sliding trajectory causes the moving blade 612 and the fixed blade 611 to form a counter-displacement, and the brittle optical fiber is sheared by point contact during the closed stroke. From the cutting mode, the glass shattering phenomenon caused by the blade hitting and squeezing is avoided, the cut is kept flat, and the generation of dust and debris is reduced.

[0076] In normal standby or operation, the push-up structure is in an energy storage state. The latch of the electromagnetic lock 604 is inserted into the slot 603 of the arc-shaped sliding cover 601, physically locking the sliding cover in the open position of the through-hole window 503. When the control module outputs a wire breakage abnormality signal, the electromagnetic lock 604 is instantly energized and retracts the latch to release the lock. The push-up structure, without obstruction, immediately releases power, pushing the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 to slide concentrically and accelerate along the cylindrical cavity of the protective cover 5. When the sliding cover moves downward to close the through-hole window 503, the moving blade 612 on its leading closing edge moves accordingly. When the sliding cover moves close to the closing edge of the window, the blade of the moving blade 612 and the blade of the fixed blade 611 installed on the edge of the window intersect each other. The optical fiber in the through-hole window 503 is cleanly cut at the moment the two blades intersect, and then the sliding cover continues to move to complete the complete physical closure of the through-hole window 503.

[0077] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the inner side of the through window 503 is provided with a guide slope 504, and the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 is attached to and slidably engaged with the guide slope 504; when the through window 503 is in the closed state, the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 and the inner wall of the protective cover 5 achieve a smooth transition through the guide slope 504, together forming a continuous smooth inner cavity.

[0078] After the optical fiber is cut, the winding side will continue to rotate under inertia. Since the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 is opened and closed along the outer wall of the protective cover 5, there is a stepped gap between the two. When the cut internal optical fiber tail expands under centrifugal force and rubs against the wall, it is easily scratched by the metal blade or the stepped gap, resulting in product damage.

[0079] In this embodiment, by providing a guide slope 504 inside the through-hole window 503, the closed arc-shaped sliding cover 601 smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the protective cover 5, forming a continuous smooth inner cavity inside the device. This structure isolates the cutting engagement position of the moving blade 612 and the fixed blade 611 outside the smooth inner cavity, ensuring the execution of the cutting action. At the same time, it avoids the optical fiber in the closed cavity from scratching the protrusions or blade edge due to centrifugal expansion, reducing the damage rate of the winding product.

[0080] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the pushing structure includes:

[0081] Sleeve 621 and piston rod 622, one end of sleeve 621 is hinged to the outer frame 1, the extended end of piston rod 622 is hinged to arc-shaped sliding cover 601, and a push spring 628 is sleeved on the outside of piston rod 622.

[0082] The sleeve 621 has an end cap 626 inside, and the piston rod 622 slides through the end cap 626; the piston rod 622 has a buffer post 623 at one end inside the sleeve 621, and the front end of the buffer post 623 has a tapered transition part 625; the end cap 626 has a piston cylinder 627 with a shape matching the buffer post 623 inside, and the edge of the piston cylinder 627 has a rounded transition part; the sleeve 621 also has a speed limiting exhaust hole 624.

[0083] In the early stage of the push, the gas in the sleeve 621 is discharged freely, and the piston rod 622 extends rapidly without being restricted by air pressure. At the end of the extension, the buffer column 623 is inserted into and cooperates with the piston cylinder 627 through the tapered transition part 625 to form a seal, which forces the remaining gas in the sleeve 621 to be discharged only through the speed limiting exhaust hole 624, thereby generating deceleration damping on the piston rod 622.

[0084] In this solution, after an optical fiber is abnormally pulled apart, it is necessary to quickly cut the optical fiber and close the arc-shaped sliding cover 601. However, in order to avoid the optical fiber continuously scraping against the blades (moving blade 612 and fixed blade 611) after the sliding cover is closed, the moving blade 612 and fixed blade 611 are intentionally placed on the outside of the protective cover 5. However, in actual implementation, if the closing speed of the sliding cover is constant and too fast, the tail of the optical fiber remaining on the outside of the protective cover 5 after cutting cannot be wound into the cover in time and will be stuck in the window gap by the closed sliding cover. At this time, the rotation and pulling of the internal take-up reel will cause the equipment to explode or the cable structure to be damaged.

[0085] In this embodiment, by setting a push structure with a buffer column 623 and a piston cylinder 627 plug-in structure, the push rod movement is converted into a two-stage movement of smooth exhaust in the early stage and airtight damping at the end. This structure ensures rapid cutting of the optical fiber in the early stage, and at the end of the stroke, it forms air pressure damping through the speed limiting exhaust hole 624 to decelerate the sliding cover. This provides a delay time for the winding reel to draw the trailing wire into the chamber by means of rotational inertia, avoiding the risk of reel explosion caused by the tail wire being clamped.

[0086] During operation, after the electromagnetic lock 604 unlocks, the push spring 628 instantly releases its potential energy.

[0087] In the early stage of the push, the gas in the sleeve 621 is freely discharged through the end cover 626, and the piston rod 622 extends out without being hindered by the air pressure under the action of the push spring 628, which drives the arc-shaped sliding cover 601 to fall down and complete the optical fiber cutting.

[0088] At the extended end, the buffer column 623 at the front end of the push rod is inserted into the piston cylinder 627 through the tapered transition part 625 to form a sealed end air chamber; at this time, the remaining air in the sleeve 621 is squeezed out through the speed limiting exhaust hole 624, the air pressure rises to form a damping force, which forces the piston push rod 622 and the sliding cover to decelerate; during the delay time of the sliding cover slowly closing, the rotational inertia of the winding reel pulls the remaining fiber tail into the cover along the gap, and then the sliding cover closes.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the tension monitoring component 8 includes:

[0091] A floating swing arm 801 is hinged to the frame 1 by a torsion spring, and a floating guide wheel 803 is rotatably connected to the end of the floating swing arm 801; an arc-shaped groove 802 is provided on the frame 1, and the arc-shaped groove 802 is used to pass through the central axis of the floating guide wheel 803.

[0092] The sensing element 804 is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft between the floating swing arm 801 and the frame 1;

[0093] The monitoring sensor 805 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and is used to monitor the position signal of the sensing element 804 as it rotates with the shaft;

[0094] The limit post 806 is used to limit the extreme swing angle of the floating swing arm 801.

[0095] In this embodiment, the rigid wire-passing mechanism is transformed into a flexible mechanism with displacement margin through the elastic cooperation of the floating swing arm 801 and the torsion spring, absorbing the tension impact during machine operation. At the same time, the fiber optic de-tension signal is converted into the macroscopic rotational displacement of the sensing plate 804 on the hinged shaft. The position of the sensing plate 804 is read by the monitoring sensor 805, eliminating the interference of the dust environment on the direct optical detection of the fine optical fiber. Furthermore, by adding a limiting post 806 to physically interfere with the extreme position of the floating swing arm 801, the violent rotation of the swing arm is forcibly stopped at the moment of wire breakage, preventing overtravel damage to the mechanical structure and ensuring that the sensing plate 804 is accurately suspended within the sensing area of ​​the monitoring sensor 805, providing the control module with a continuous and stable abnormal signal input for wire breakage.

[0096] The optical fiber passes through the guide wheel at the end of the swing arm and is taut. The downward tension overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring and presses the floating swing arm 801 into the working area. If the tension suddenly increases during operation, the swing arm will sink down to release a small amount of optical fiber to buffer the tension. When the optical fiber is completely released and the end of the wire leaves the guide wheel, the tension is reduced to zero. The torsion of the torsion spring drives the floating swing arm 801 to rotate upward around the axis. The sensing plate 804 fixed on the rotating shaft rotates synchronously and triggers the monitoring sensor 805 to output a broken wire abnormal signal.

[0097] The main function of the monitoring sensor 805 is to detect the position signal of the sensing element 804 in a non-contact or contact manner; it can be any one of a slotted photoelectric switch (U-shaped photoelectric sensor), an inductive proximity switch, or a micro limit switch.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the unwinding allowance monitoring component 7 includes:

[0100] The slide rail 701 is fixedly connected to the frame 1;

[0101] The slider 702 is slidably connected to the slide rail 701, and the first guide wheel 704 is rotatably connected to the slider 702;

[0102] The support plate 709 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and located below the slider 702. A support rod 703 slides through the support plate 709.

[0103] The top end of the support rod 703 is fixedly connected to the slider 702, and the bottom end is fixed with a limit head 708; a support spring 705 is sleeved on the outside of the support rod 703, and the two ends of the support spring 705 abut against the support plate 709 and the slider 702 respectively.

[0104] The detection sensor 706 is fixed to the end of the limiting head 708. The inner side of the frame 1 is also fixedly connected to the sensing plate 707 for reflecting the light source of the detection sensor 706. When the first guide wheel 704 loses the pressure of the optical fiber tension, the support spring 705 pushes the slider 702 and the support rod 703 to move, so that the limiting head 708 triggers the detection sensor 706 to output the unwinding end signal.

[0105] During the rewinding process, the complex spatial movement of optical fibers can easily cause the rotating monitoring arm to be jammed and worn due to lateral forces. In the dusty environment of the workshop, if the optical sensor is fixedly installed on the frame 1 to detect small moving mechanical parts, the dust accumulated on the surface of the moving parts will seriously weaken the light reflectivity, causing the sensor to become less sensitive or even fail over time, resulting in false alarms or missed alarms in the unwinding signal.

[0106] In this embodiment, a vertical lifting structure, consisting of a linear guide rail 701 and a support spring 705, extracts the one-dimensional change in fiber tension, filtering out the lateral force generated by fiber wandering and reducing mechanism jamming. Furthermore, a detection sensor 706 is directly fixed to the moving limiting head 708, and a large-area sensing plate 707 is mounted on the frame 1, constructing a dynamic optical detection loop where the sensor moves and emits a light source, and the fixed sensing plate 707 provides a large-area, high-contrast reflection. This structure utilizes the diffuse or specular reflection characteristics of the dedicated sensing plate 707 to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the photoelectric signal, overcomes the optical attenuation problem caused by dust accumulation on the surface of small mechanical parts, and enhances the reliability and continuity of signal triggering in harsh environments.

[0107] During normal unwinding, the downward tension generated by the optical fiber resting on the first guide wheel 704 overcomes the elastic force of the support spring 705, forcing the slider 702 and support rod 703 to move downward along the slide rail 701. This causes the bottom limiting head 708 and the detection sensor 706 fixed thereon to move downward, causing the light emitted by the sensor to deviate from the sensing plate 707 inside the frame 1. When the optical fiber unwinding is completed and the end of the fiber detaches from the guide wheel, the downward force disappears. The compressed support spring 705 releases its elastic force, pushing the slider 702 and support rod 703 to climb straight up along the slide rail 701. The limiting head 708 at the bottom of the support rod 703 carries the detection sensor 706 and moves vertically upward until the light source of the detection sensor 706 illuminates the fixed sensing plate 707. The sensing plate 707 reflects the light source back to the receiving end of the detection sensor 706, triggering the detection sensor 706 to output an unwinding end signal.

[0108] The detection sensor 706, together with the sensing plate 707, forms a dynamic reflective optical detection circuit. Considering the potential dust interference in the fiber optic rewinding workshop, the detection sensor 706 can specifically adopt any one of the following optical sensing forms with high signal-to-noise ratio: a reflective photoelectric sensor, a laser photoelectric sensor, or a fiber optic sensor.

[0109] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the capture assembly 9 includes a capture motor fixedly connected inside the frame 1. The output end of the capture motor is fixedly connected to a rotating plate 901. Two winding rods 902 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the rotating plate 901. The optical fiber segment located between the traction screening assembly 4 and the protective cover 5 passes through the gap between the two winding rods 902.

[0110] In this embodiment, by setting a rotating capture mechanism, the single-point rigid clamping of the optical fiber is transformed into a multi-turn flexible circumferential winding. This structure utilizes the spatial envelope trajectory formed by the revolution of the two rods to expand the physical interference and capture range of the swinging optical fiber and reduce the miss rate. At the same time, the process of the free optical fiber undergoing multiple turns of winding on the winding rod 902 utilizes the frictional resistance between the optical fiber and the rod to smoothly dissipate the linear kinetic energy of the high-speed free segment, avoiding secondary brittle fracture caused by stress concentration, and realizing reliable physical fixation of broken wires in a disordered motion state.

[0111] When the equipment is running normally, the capture motor is in a stationary standby state, and the optical fiber on the routing path passes directly through the gap between the two symmetrical winding rods 902 on the rotating plate 901 without physical contact with the winding rods 902. When the control module receives a broken fiber abnormality signal and issues a trigger command, the capture motor starts and drives the rotating plate 901 on the output end to rotate at high speed. The two winding rods 902 fixed on the rotating plate 901 then revolve around the central axis of the motor. The free optical fiber segment is forced to continuously wrap in a figure-eight or circumferential overlapping pattern on the outer contour of the two winding rods 902 under the influence of the revolution of the winding rods 902. As the number of rotations of the rotating plate 901 increases, the length of the optical fiber wound on the winding rods 902 increases and the frictional resistance increases sharply, eventually forcibly pulling the free optical fiber tail segment tight and fixing it to the component area.

[0112] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical fiber screening and rewinding machine, comprising a frame (1), an unwinding assembly (2), a traction screening assembly (4), and a winding assembly (3), wherein the optical fiber passes sequentially through the unwinding assembly (2), the traction screening assembly (4), and the winding assembly (3) along a routing path; the traction screening assembly (4) comprises a traction wheel (401) and a screening wheel (402); characterized in that, Also includes: A protective cover (5) is provided to cover the outside of the winding assembly (3), and the protective cover (5) has a through window (503) facing the direction of the optical fiber. Tension monitoring component (8) is set on the wiring path of the traction screening component (4) to monitor whether the optical fiber between the traction wheel (401) and the screening wheel (402) is broken, and to generate a broken fiber abnormal signal when the fiber is broken. A sealing and cutting assembly (6) is disposed on the protective cover (5) and responds to the broken wire abnormality signal. The sealing and cutting assembly (6) includes a movable sliding cover and a cutting component that is linked together. The movable sliding cover closes the wire-transmitting window (503) by sliding along the surface of the protective cover (5), and the cutting component cuts the optical fiber located in the window during the closing process of the wire-transmitting window (503). A capture component (9) is disposed between the screening wheel (402) and the protective cover (5) and is responsive to the wire breakage abnormality signal; The capture component (9) is triggered synchronously when the active sliding cover moves to collect the fiber optic segment that is in a free state after being cut. The unwinding allowance monitoring component (7) is set on the optical fiber routing path between the unwinding component (2) and the traction screening component (4) to monitor whether there is allowance in the optical fiber at the unwinding end, and outputs an unwinding end signal when the end of the optical fiber is removed from the unwinding component (2). The control module is electrically connected to the tension monitoring component (8), the unwinding allowance monitoring component (7), the sealing and cutting component (6), and the capture component (9), respectively. The control module is configured as follows: When the fiber breakage abnormal signal is received from the tension monitoring component (8) and the unwinding end signal is not received from the unwinding allowance monitoring component (7), it is determined that the optical fiber is abnormally broken, triggering the sealing and cutting component (6) and the capture component (9) to perform actions. When the unwinding end signal is received, it is determined that the unwinding is completed normally, and the triggering command to the sealing and cutting component (6) and the capture component (9) is blocked.

2. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (5) includes: The first housing (501) and the second housing (502); the joint on one side of the first housing (501) and the second housing (502) is rotatably connected by a hinge assembly so that the protective cover (5) can be in an open or closed state; A quick-release locking component is provided at the joint on the other side of the first housing (501) and the second housing (502); When the quick-release locking member is in the locked state, the first housing (501) and the second housing (502) are fixedly spliced ​​together and form a closed chamber inside that is independent of the winding assembly (3) and relatively stationary; the through window (503) and the sealing and cutting assembly (6) are integrated and installed on the outer wall of the first housing (501).

3. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (6) also includes: An arc-shaped sliding cover (601) serves as the movable sliding cover. Its arc is concentric with the cylindrical cavity of the protective cover (5) and slides along the circumferential trajectory of the protective cover (5). The leading closed edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover (601) is a straight line parallel to the axis of the cylindrical cavity. A slot (603) is provided on the arc-shaped sliding cover (601). An mounting plate (602) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first housing (501). An electromagnetic lock (604) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (602). The latch of the electromagnetic lock (604) is used in conjunction with the slot (603). The moving blade (612) and the fixed blade (611) together constitute the cutting component; the moving blade (612) is installed on the leading closed edge of the arc-shaped sliding cover (601), and the fixed blade (611) is installed on the closed edge of the through-hole window (503); during the process of the arc-shaped sliding cover (601) sliding along the circumferential trajectory, the moving blade (612) and the fixed blade (611) intersect each other in opposite directions; The push-up structure is used to drive the arc-shaped sliding cover (601) to perform closing and cutting actions when the electromagnetic lock (604) releases the latch.

4. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the through window (503) is provided with a guide slope (504), and the arc-shaped sliding cover (601) is attached to and slidably engaged with the guide slope (504); when the through window (503) is in the closed state, the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding cover (601) and the inner wall of the protective cover (5) achieve a smooth transition through the guide slope (504).

5. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The jacking structure includes: A sleeve (621) and a piston rod (622) are provided. One end of the sleeve (621) is hinged to the outer frame (1), and the extended end of the piston rod (622) is hinged to the arc-shaped sliding cover (601). A push spring (628) is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (622). The sleeve (621) is provided with an end cap (626) inside, and the piston rod (622) slides through the end cap (626); the piston rod (622) is provided with a buffer post (623) at one end inside the sleeve (621), and the front end of the buffer post (623) is provided with a tapered transition part (625); the end cap (626) is provided with a piston cylinder (627) whose shape matches the buffer post (623) inside, and the edge of the piston cylinder (627) is provided with a rounded transition part; the sleeve (621) is also provided with a speed limiting exhaust hole (624).

6. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension monitoring component (8) includes: A floating swing arm (801) is hinged to the frame (1) by a torsion spring, and a floating guide wheel (803) is rotatably connected to the end of the floating swing arm (801); an arc groove (802) is provided on the frame (1), and the arc groove (802) is used to pass through the central axis of the floating guide wheel (803); The sensing element (804) is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft between the floating swing arm (801) and the frame (1); A monitoring sensor (805) is fixedly installed on the frame (1) and is used to monitor the position signal of the sensing element (804) as it rotates with the shaft; The limit post (806) is used to limit the extreme swing angle of the floating arm (801).

7. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The unwinding allowance monitoring component (7) includes: The slide rail (701) is fixedly connected to the frame (1); The slider (702) is slidably connected to the slide rail (701), and a first guide wheel (704) is rotatably connected to the slider (702). A support plate (709) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) and located below the slider (702). A support rod (703) slides through the support plate (709). The top end of the support rod (703) is fixedly connected to the slider (702), and the bottom end is fixed with a limit head (708); a support spring (705) is sleeved on the outside of the support rod (703), and the two ends of the support spring (705) abut against the support plate (709) and the slider (702) respectively. The detection sensor (706) is fixed to the end of the limiting head (708), and the inner side of the frame (1) is also fixedly connected to the sensing plate (707) for reflecting the light source of the detection sensor (706); when the first guide wheel (704) loses the pressure of the optical fiber tension, the support spring (705) pushes the slider (702) and the support rod (703) to move, so that the limiting head (708) triggers the detection sensor (706) to output the unwinding end signal.

8. The optical fiber screening and rewinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The capture assembly (9) includes a capture motor fixedly connected inside the frame (1). The output end of the capture motor is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (901). Two winding rods (902) are symmetrically fixedly connected on the rotating plate (901). An optical fiber segment located between the traction screening assembly (4) and the protective cover (5) passes through the gap between the two winding rods (902).

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