Improved fully-assembled steel frame stair and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved fully-fabricated steel frame stair and a mounting method thereof, and the frame stair comprises a stair beam structure which is obliquely arranged along each stair and is erected on a main body structure at the upper end and the lower end of each stair; the fixing assembly is connected with the ladder beam structure; the pedal beams are correspondingly and detachably mounted at the corresponding positions of the inner sides of the ladder beam structures; the pedals are detachably mounted on the equal-height mounting surfaces of the two adjacent pedal beams respectively; the vertical plates are detachably installed on the two vertically adjacent pedal beams and / or detachably installed on the pedal beams at the ends of the main body structure; the lower parts of the guardrails are detachably mounted on the free sides of the ladder beam structures; and a wall connecting piece is further arranged on the stair beam structure of each stair. The building block is firm, attractive, high in adaptability and easy and fast to assemble, the construction period can be shortened, fast and efficient building construction is achieved, the overall project progress is accelerated, and safety and durability are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a staircase and its installation method, specifically to an improved fully prefabricated steel frame staircase and its installation method, belonging to the field of prefabricated building technology. Background Technology

[0002] Staircases, as key facilities for vertical transportation connecting different floors in a building, are primarily used to achieve vertical connectivity between different floors. Simultaneously, with the upgrading of architectural decoration concepts, modern staircases also need to consider aesthetic and decorative functions, resulting in a diversified trend in their styles and materials. In recent years, with the rapid rise of prefabricated buildings, staircases, as independent components, have once again received widespread attention. However, currently available staircase products still have many shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs and complex application requirements of prefabricated buildings.

[0003] Existing staircase products are mainly divided into two categories: The first category is precast reinforced concrete staircases. These staircases are manufactured and installed as a whole. They have a large self-weight and a high dead load. During installation, they must rely on mechanical hoisting, which places strict requirements on the working space. They usually need to be hoisted layer by layer before the building is topped out. They are not suitable for scenarios with limited hoisting space (such as interior renovation, construction in narrow spaces) or building renovation projects. At the same time, these staircases require the installation of embedded parts, which not only prolongs the construction period but also places extremely high demands on the installation accuracy of the embedded parts, increasing the construction difficulty and cost.

[0004] The second type is all-steel structure staircases, such as the various steel staircases included in 15J401 "Steel Staircases". Although this type of staircase has a certain load-bearing capacity, it is not aesthetically pleasing and is prone to noise during use. Its applicable scenarios are relatively limited, and it is usually only used in places such as factories and workshops where the requirements for aesthetics and noise are low. It is difficult to adapt to mainstream scenarios such as civil buildings and commercial buildings.

[0005] In addition, some existing composite material staircases are often designed for specific scenarios, resulting in insufficient load-bearing capacity and poor versatility, which prevents them from being widely promoted and applied.

[0006] A search revealed that Chinese utility model patent CN 213806247 U discloses a fully prefabricated staircase, comprising a stair beam and several treads. One end of the stair beam is slidably mounted on a first main structure, and the other end is detachably mounted on a second main structure. Several treads are detachably mounted on the stair beam. While this staircase offers advantages such as reduced cost, shorter on-site construction time, and improved staircase appearance, it also presents challenges during use. The lack of partitions between the treads, while saving materials, poses risks of falling objects, safety hazards for children or pets, and psychological discomfort for some users.

[0007] Therefore, developing a fully prefabricated steel frame staircase that is easy to install, safe, and practical is the key to solving the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the many defects and shortcomings existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention has made improvements and innovations, aiming to provide an improved fully prefabricated steel frame staircase and its installation method that is sturdy, beautiful, highly adaptable and easy and quick to assemble, shortening the construction cycle, realizing fast and efficient building construction, improving the overall project progress, and ensuring safety and durability.

[0009] To solve the above problems and achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides an improved fully prefabricated steel frame staircase and its installation method, achieved through the following design structure and the following technical solutions:

[0010] A fully prefabricated steel frame staircase, comprising:

[0011] The ladder beam structure is inclined along each flight of stairs and is erected on the main structure at both ends of each flight of stairs.

[0012] A fixing component, which is connected to the ladder beam structure, is used to fix the ladder beam structure to the corresponding main structure;

[0013] Multiple tread beams are detachably installed at corresponding positions on the inner side of each ladder beam structure, and are arranged in a staggered manner along the inclined ladder beam structure, forming an overall stepped shape.

[0014] The pedals are detachably mounted on the same height mounting surfaces of two adjacent pedal beams;

[0015] The uprights are detachably mounted on two adjacent upper and lower pedal beams, and / or detachably mounted on the pedal beams at the ends of the main structure.

[0016] The lower part of the guardrail can be detachably installed on the open side of each ladder beam structure;

[0017] Each flight of stairs is equipped with wall ties on its stair beam structure.

[0018] Preferably, the ladder beam structure includes:

[0019] The first ladder beams are respectively inclinedly set between the first main structure and the middle main structure of the main structure;

[0020] The second ladder beam is inclinedly set between the second main structure and the middle main structure of the main structure.

[0021] Both ends of the first and second ladder beams are equipped with connecting parts adapted to the corresponding main structure.

[0022] Preferably, several upper tread beam connection holes and multiple lower tread beam connection holes are respectively opened through both sides of the middle section along the length direction of the first and second ladder beams.

[0023] Multiple sets of guardrail connection holes are also made through the first and second ladder beams on the open side; multiple sets of decorative component installation holes are also made through the ladder beams on both sides below the tread; and multiple wall connection holes are also made on the ladder beam below the tread on the wall side.

[0024] Preferably, the fixing component includes:

[0025] The first ladder beam lower fixing component is used to securely connect the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams to the first main structure.

[0026] The first ladder beam connector passes through the central main structure and is fixedly connected to the adjacent tread beam.

[0027] The connecting piece on the second ladder beam is connected to the upper part of the second ladder beam by a bolt assembly;

[0028] The fastener on the second ladder beam passes through the connector on the second ladder beam and is fixedly connected to the second main structure.

[0029] Preferably, the first ladder beam lower fixing component is an expansion bolt or a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly including a first ladder beam lower connector and a first ladder beam lower fixing component; wherein, the expansion bolt passes through the tread beam connecting the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams and is fixedly connected to the first main structure; the first ladder beam lower connector is connected to the lower part of the first ladder beam by a bolt assembly, and the first ladder beam lower fixing component passes through the first ladder beam lower connector and is fixedly connected to the first main structure;

[0030] The connecting components on the second ladder beam include:

[0031] The second connecting plate has a second fixing hole group through both ends;

[0032] The second connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the middle part of the fixing part on the second ladder beam of the second connecting plate;

[0033] The fixing member on the second ladder beam passes through the second connecting sleeve and is securely connected to the T-beam below the second main structure;

[0034] Preferably, the pedal beam includes:

[0035] The pedal support beam has an "L" shaped cross-section.

[0036] The pedal fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inside of the openings at both ends of the pedal support beam;

[0037] The tread beam is bolted through the corresponding tread beam connection hole on the ladder beam structure and locked inside the tread fixing sleeve to achieve a stable connection with the inner side of the ladder beam structure.

[0038] Preferably, the two wing plates of the pedal support beam are provided with several through holes for the step components;

[0039] The pedal fixing sleeve has an internal thread section;

[0040] Alternatively, the wing plate of the pedal support beam may also have several bolt-connection through holes for connection to the main structure.

[0041] Preferably, the pedal has a rectangular plate-like structure or a convex shape.

[0042] The upright plate includes a rectangular plate structure and a convex structure, and its thickness is adapted to the outer diameter of the pedal fixing sleeve; the pedal and the upright plate are both securely connected to the pedal through hole corresponding to the pedal beam by the pedal beam locking member.

[0043] The wall tie is used for connection through corresponding wall tie connection holes on the first and second ladder beams near the wall side; the wall tie includes:

[0044] Connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the wall;

[0045] Locking nuts are used to lock and fix the connecting rod to the wall.

[0046] Several fixing nuts are threaded onto the connecting rod and used to fix it to the ladder beam on the corresponding side;

[0047] The other end of the connecting rod passes through the corresponding wall tie hole and is then locked and fixed to the first and second ladder beams by a fixing nut.

[0048] Preferably, the guardrail includes:

[0049] The lower end of the upright can be detachably installed on the corresponding guardrail connection hole on the ladder beam structure;

[0050] The handrail is connected to the top of each upright on each stair beam, thus connecting and fixing the upper end of each upright.

[0051] The protective components are connected to each upright and are used to tie and fix the uprights on the same stair section together to form an overall load-bearing stair protection structure.

[0052] A preferred method for installing a fully prefabricated steel frame staircase includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: On-site investigation and measurement;

[0054] S2: Staircase structural design and component prefabrication;

[0055] S3: On-site preparation;

[0056] S4: Component pre-assembly and verification;

[0057] S5: Component hoisting and pre-fixing;

[0058] S6: Tighten bolts on one side;

[0059] S7: Step assembly installation and bolt tightening in stages;

[0060] S8: Installation of railings and decorative components.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0062] 1. This invention uses common standard profiles and standard parts to make load-bearing frames. The materials are readily available and the procurement cost is controllable. At the same time, the manufacturing process is simple and does not require complex processing equipment and technology. This can greatly reduce the difficulty of component manufacturing and production costs, and facilitate large-scale production and promotion.

[0063] 2. The components of this invention are lightweight and have regular shapes, which not only facilitates packaging, storage and long-distance transportation, reducing losses and transportation costs during transportation, but also allows for manual assembly without relying on large mechanical hoisting equipment, effectively solving the problem of difficult installation under stairs in scenarios such as limited hoisting space and building renovation.

[0064] 3. During the installation process of this invention, there is no need to set up special installation conditions such as embedded parts, and no need to make complex modifications to the installation site. Standard bolts and other universal interface connectors can be used to directly realize the connection between all components and between the staircase and the building, which simplifies the installation process, shortens the construction period, and reduces the construction difficulty and cost.

[0065] 4. This invention allows for flexible selection of accessories such as handrails and decorative panels, and the shape and decorative effect can be adjusted according to different architectural styles and users' personalized needs, taking into account both practicality and aesthetics. It breaks through the limitation of poor aesthetics of traditional all-steel structure staircases and is suitable for various architectural scenarios such as civil and commercial buildings.

[0066] 5. The staircase of the present invention has low self-weight, high strength, good toughness, and excellent seismic performance. While ensuring safety and load-bearing capacity, the structural design is further optimized, improving the overall service life and reliability of the staircase.

[0067] 6. This invention has a wide range of applications and strong adaptability, and can be applied to various scenarios such as new construction and building renovation. It has significant advantages, especially in places where mechanical hoisting is restricted. At the same time, it requires less on-site work, uses common and easily procurable materials, and takes into account both economy and environmental protection, thus having high market promotion value.

[0068] 7. The wall tie provided in this invention can be used to enhance the overall lateral resistance of the staircase and adjust the connection distance between the stair beam and the wall; the wall tie can force the connection points in the middle of the stair beam to be coaxial and collinear with the fixed points at both ends, effectively avoiding lateral twisting of the stair beam and ensuring that the overall structure of the staircase is straight, stable and reliably stressed. Attached Figure Description

[0069] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0070] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the overall usage state of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is one of the usage state diagrams of the first staircase of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 This is the second diagram showing the usage state of the first staircase of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is one of the usage state diagrams of the second flight of stairs according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 This is the second usage diagram of the second flight of stairs of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 6 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the lower connection relationship of the first flight of stairs in this invention;

[0076] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the lower connection relationship of the first flight of stairs in this invention;

[0077] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper connection relationship of the first flight of stairs according to the present invention;

[0078] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the wall tie component of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 10 This is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower connecting member of the first ladder beam of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting member on the second ladder beam of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 13 This is a first design structural diagram of the pedal beam of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 14 This is a second design structural diagram of the pedal beam of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 15 This is a first design structure diagram of the pedal of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 16 This is a second design structural diagram of the pedal of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 17 This is the first design structure diagram of the vertical plate of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 18 This is a second design structural diagram of the vertical plate of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 19 This is another design structure diagram of the present invention;

[0089] In the figure, the numbers are: 1—staircase beam structure, 11—first staircase beam, 12—second staircase beam, 13—upper tread beam connection hole, 14—lower tread beam connection hole, 15—guardrail connection hole, 16—decorative component installation hole, 17—wall tie component connection hole.

[0090] 2—Fixed component, 21—Lower fixing part of the first ladder beam, 211—Expansion bolt, 21a—Lower connector of the first ladder beam, 21b—Lower fixing part of the first ladder beam, 22—Wall tie, 221—Connecting rod, 222—Locking nut, 223—Fixed nut, 23—Upper connector of the first ladder beam, 24—Upper connector of the second ladder beam, 241—Second connecting plate, 241—Second connecting sleeve, 25—Upper fixing part of the second ladder beam;

[0091] 3—Pedal beam, 31—Pedal support beam, 311—Through hole for step component, 312—Through hole for bolt connection, 32—Pedal fixing sleeve;

[0092] 4—Pedal;

[0093] 5—Upright board;

[0094] 6—Guardrail, 61—Upright, 62—Handrail, 63—Protective component;

[0095] 7—Main structure, 71—First main structure, 72—Middle main structure, 73—Second main structure. Detailed Implementation

[0096] To make the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this invention readily understandable, the technical solution of this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0097] Example 1

[0098] As per the instruction manual Figures 1 to 6 and Figures 8 to 18 As shown, a fully prefabricated steel frame staircase includes:

[0099] The stair beam structure 1 is inclined along each flight of stairs and is erected on the main structure 7 at both ends of each flight of stairs.

[0100] Fixed component 2, which is connected to ladder beam structure 1, is used to fix ladder beam structure 1 to the corresponding main structure 7.

[0101] Multiple tread beams 3 are detachably installed at corresponding positions on the inner side of each ladder beam structure 1, and are arranged in a staggered manner along the inclined ladder beam structure 1, forming a stepped shape as a whole.

[0102] The pedal 4 is detachably mounted on the same height mounting surface of two adjacent pedal beams 3;

[0103] The upright plate 5 is detachably installed on two adjacent upper and lower pedal beams 3, and / or detachably installed on the pedal beam 3 at the end of the main structure 7.

[0104] Guardrail 6, the lower part of which is detachably installed on the open side of each ladder beam structure 1;

[0105] Each flight of stairs is equipped with a wall tie 22 on its stair beam structure 1.

[0106] In the implementation of the present invention, the main structure 7 includes a central main structure 72, a first main structure 71 located below the central main structure 72, and a second main structure 73 located above the central main structure 72.

[0107] Furthermore, the ladder beam structure 1 includes:

[0108] The first ladder beam 11 is inclinedly arranged between the first main structure 71 and the middle main structure 72 of the main structure 7;

[0109] The second ladder beam 12 is inclinedly installed between the second main structure 73 and the middle main structure 72 of the main structure 7;

[0110] Both ends of the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 are provided with connecting parts adapted to the corresponding main structure 7.

[0111] In this invention, the first ladder beam 11 has connecting portions at both ends that are adapted to connect with the first main structure 71 and the middle main structure 72, facilitating a secure connection via corresponding fixing components 2. Specifically, the connecting portion at the lower end of the first ladder beam 11 overlaps flush with the upper surface of the first main structure 71, and the connecting portion at the upper end of the first ladder beam 11 overlaps flush with the outer end face of one end of the middle main structure 72.

[0112] The second ladder beam 12 has connecting parts at both ends that are adapted to connect with the second main structure 73 and the middle main structure 72, facilitating a secure connection via the corresponding fixing components 2. Specifically, the connecting part at the lower end of the second ladder beam 12 is engaged with the other end of the middle main structure 72; the connecting part at the upper end of the second ladder beam 12 overlaps with the outer end face of the second main structure 73, and the top of the second ladder beam 12 is flush with the upper end face of the second main structure 73.

[0113] Specifically, several upper tread beam connection holes 13 and multiple lower tread beam connection holes 14 are respectively opened through both sides of the middle of the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12.

[0114] Multiple sets of guardrail connection holes 15 are also provided on the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 on the open side; multiple sets of decorative component installation holes 16 are also provided on the two ladder beams below the tread; and multiple wall connection holes 17 are also provided on the ladder beam below the tread on the wall side.

[0115] In this invention, the upper tread beam connection hole 13 on the inclined ladder beam structure 1 and the lower tread beam connection hole behind it can keep the tread mounting surface horizontal; the lower tread beam connection hole below it can keep the mounting surface of the upright plate vertical; and the line connecting it to the adjacent lower tread beam connection hole 14 is arranged in a stepped manner.

[0116] Specifically, several upper tread beam connection holes 13 are equidistantly arranged; multiple lower tread beam connection holes 14 are equidistantly arranged; multiple sets of guardrail connection holes 15 are equidistantly arranged; and multiple sets of decorative component installation holes 16 and multiple sets of wall tie connection holes 17 are evenly arranged.

[0117] Furthermore, the fixing component 2 includes:

[0118] The first ladder beam lower fixing component 21 is used to securely connect the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams 11 to the first main structure 71.

[0119] The first ladder beam connector 23 passes through the central main structure 72 and is fixedly connected to the adjacent tread beam 3.

[0120] The upper connector 24 of the second ladder beam is connected to the upper part of the second ladder beam 12 by a bolt assembly;

[0121] The second ladder beam is fixed to the second main structure 73 by passing through the second ladder beam connector 24.

[0122] Furthermore, to ensure a more stable connection when the lower end of the second ladder beam 12 is engaged with the central main structure 72, it can be reinforced by the lower fixing member 21 of the first ladder beam.

[0123] Furthermore, to ensure a more stable connection when the lower end of the second ladder beam 12 is engaged with the central main structure 72, it can be reinforced by the lower fixing member 21 of the first ladder beam.

[0124] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first ladder beam lower fixing component 21 is an expansion bolt 211, which passes through the tread beam 3 connecting the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams 11 and is fixedly connected to the first main structure 71.

[0125] Specifically, the connecting member 24 on the second ladder beam includes:

[0126] The second connecting plate 241 has a second fixing hole group through both ends;

[0127] The second connecting sleeve 242 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the fixing part 25 on the second ladder beam of the second connecting plate 241;

[0128] The fixing member 25 on the second ladder beam passes through the second connecting sleeve 242 and is securely connected to the T-beam below the second main structure 73.

[0129] In this invention, the upper connector 23 of the first ladder beam includes a concrete beam connecting bolt and a fastening nut. The lower connector 21a of the first ladder beam includes: a first connecting plate, with a first fixing hole group extending through the middle and both ends of the first connecting plate; a first connecting sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate between two adjacent groups of first fixing holes; and the lower fixing members 21b of the first ladder beam pass through the first connecting sleeve and are securely connected to the first main structure 71.

[0130] Furthermore, the pedal beam 3 includes:

[0131] The pedal support beam 31 has an "L" shaped cross section.

[0132] The pedal fixing sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to the inside of the openings at both ends of the pedal support beam 31;

[0133] The pedal beam 3 is connected to the inner side of the ladder beam structure 1 by passing through the corresponding pedal beam connection hole on the ladder beam structure 1 with the pedal beam bolt, and is locked in the pedal fixing sleeve 32 to achieve a stable connection with the inner side of the ladder beam structure 1.

[0134] In this invention, the tread beam 3 installed at the upper tread beam connection hole 13 in the middle of the ladder beam structure 1 has its opening facing downwards, while the tread beam 3 installed at the lower tread beam connection hole 14 in the middle of the ladder beam structure 1 has its opening facing upwards. The opening direction of the tread beam 3 installed at the upper and lower ends of the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 in each run can be adapted to the actual structure and installation requirements, and is slightly different from the opening direction of the middle tread beam. During installation, the opening direction of each tread beam 3 can be adjusted according to specific working conditions, assembly accuracy, and stress requirements, and is not limited to the specific installation method described in this invention.

[0135] Specifically, the two wing plates of the pedal support beam 31 are provided with several through holes 311 for step components;

[0136] The pedal fixing sleeve 32 is provided with an internal thread section;

[0137] Alternatively, the wing plate of the pedal support beam 31 may also have several bolt-connection through holes 312 for connecting to the main structure 7.

[0138] In this invention, the step component through hole 311 is a through hole for installing the pedal 4 and the upright plate 5; the pedal beam 3 can also be divided into two models according to specific needs. The conventional model of the pedal support beam only has several step component through holes 311; the overlapping model of the pedal support beam has step component through holes 311 and bolt connection through holes 312.

[0139] Furthermore, the pedal 4 is generally in the form of a rectangular plate or a convex shape;

[0140] The upright plate 5 includes a rectangular plate structure and a convex plate structure; the pedal 4 and the upright plate 5 are both securely connected to the pedal through hole corresponding to the pedal beam 3 by the pedal beam locking member.

[0141] The wall tie 22 is used for connection through the corresponding wall tie connection holes 17 on the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 near the wall side; the wall tie 22 includes:

[0142] Connecting rod 221, one end of which is connected to the wall;

[0143] Locking nut 222 is used to lock and fix connecting rod 221 to the wall;

[0144] Several fixing nuts 223 are threaded onto the connecting rod 221 and are used to fix the ladder beam on the corresponding side.

[0145] The other end of the connecting rod 221 passes through the corresponding wall tie hole 17 and is then locked and fixed to both sides of the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 by the fixing nut 223.

[0146] In this invention, the wall tie 22 is used to enhance the overall lateral resistance of the staircase and adjust the connection spacing between the stair beams and the wall. One end of the wall tie 22 is fixedly connected to the wall, and the other end is used to fix and adjust the installation positions of the first stair beam 11 and the second stair beam 12 on the corresponding side. The wall tie 22 can anchor the stair beams on the corresponding side and tightly adhere them to the wall, significantly improving the lateral stiffness and anti-lateral displacement capacity of the staircase; at the same time, the adjustable connection ensures that the stair beams always remain on the same straight line in the longitudinal direction, preventing the stair beams from twisting, shifting, or becoming unstable to the left or right. The wall tie 22 is equivalent to a lateral limiting and positioning device, achieving precise positioning and constraint of the stair beams through the fixing nuts 223 on both sides of the stair beams; after the connection at both ends of the stair beams is completed, the wall tie 22 can force each connection point in the middle of the stair beams to remain coaxial and collinear with the fixing points at both ends, effectively preventing lateral twisting of the stair beams and ensuring that the overall structure of the staircase is straight, stable, and reliably stressed.

[0147] In this invention, one end of the connecting rod 221 can be pre-embedded or anchored in the wall or installed through the wall.

[0148] In this invention, each pedal 4 is vertically attached to the top of the corresponding upright plate 5, and its outer edge extends beyond the top surface of the upright plate 5.

[0149] During use, if the middle upright of each flight of stairs adopts a rectangular plate structure, the tread 4 adopts a convex structure to match it; the thickness of the end opening of the tread 4 matches the outer diameter of the tread fixing sleeve 32, and the length of the end opening of the tread 4 matches the length of the tread fixing sleeve 32.

[0150] If the middle riser of each flight of stairs adopts a convex-shaped structure, then the tread 4 adopts a rectangular structure; the height of the riser opening is adapted to the outer diameter of the tread fixing sleeve 32, and the length of the riser opening is adapted to the length of the tread fixing sleeve 32.

[0151] The uprights 5 at the bottom and top are rectangular; for aesthetic and practical purposes, rounded corners with a certain curvature can also be provided on the corresponding pedals 4 and uprights 5.

[0152] Furthermore, the guardrail 6 includes:

[0153] Upright post 61, the lower end of which is detachably installed on the corresponding guardrail connection hole 15 on the ladder beam structure 1;

[0154] Handrail 62 is connected above each upright 61 on each stair beam to achieve connection and fixation of the upper end of each upright 61;

[0155] The protective component 63 is connected to each upright 61 and is used to tie and fix the uprights 61 on the same stair section together to form an overall stress-bearing stair protection structure.

[0156] In this invention, the protective component 63 can take various structural forms such as connecting rods, glass plates, railings, and decorative panels. Specifically, the protective component 63 consists of several solid stainless steel connecting rods, spaced apart along the height direction of the uprights 61, used to securely connect the uprights 61 on each ladder beam together to form a protective structure.

[0157] Example 2

[0158] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that the first ladder beam lower fixing member 21 is a connecting assembly, which includes a first ladder beam lower connecting member 21a and a first ladder beam lower fixing member 21b; wherein, the expansion bolts 211 pass through the tread beams 3 connecting the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams 11 and are fixedly connected to the first main structure 71; the first ladder beam lower connecting member 21a is connected to the lower part of the first ladder beam 11 by a bolt assembly, and the first ladder beam lower fixing member 21b passes through the first ladder beam lower connecting member 21a and is fixedly connected to the first main structure 71.

[0159] Example 3

[0160] like Figure 19 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, with the only difference being that the multiple sets of guardrail connection holes 15 are not limited to being opened only on the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 on the open side, but can also be opened on both sides of the first ladder beam 11 and the second ladder beam 12 according to specific needs, for the installation of guardrail 6.

[0161] Example 4

[0162] like Figure 1 As shown, an installation method for a fully prefabricated steel frame staircase includes the following steps:

[0163] S1: On-site investigation and measurement;

[0164] S2: Staircase structural design and component prefabrication;

[0165] S3: On-site preparation;

[0166] S4: Component pre-assembly and verification;

[0167] S5: Component hoisting and pre-fixing;

[0168] S6: Tighten bolts on one side;

[0169] S7: Step assembly installation and bolt tightening in stages;

[0170] S8: Installation of railings and decorative components.

[0171] This embodiment takes a residential building staircase as an example, and sets the staircase as a two-flight structure for detailed explanation.

[0172] Specifically, the first ladder beam's fixing component 21 is an expansion bolt 211, the first main structure 71 is a concrete floor slab, and the second main structure 73 is a concrete floor slab supported by steel T-beams; the central main structure 72, which includes a rest and turning platform, is an integrated structure of reinforced concrete beams and floor slabs. The treads 4 and uprights 5 are made of solid wood, balancing practicality and aesthetics.

[0173] 1. Staircase connection method

[0174] Two first stair beams 11 arranged symmetrically to each other constitute the support beams of the first run of the staircase; two second stair beams 12 arranged symmetrically to each other constitute the support beams of the second run of the staircase.

[0175] The bottom end of the first ladder beam 11 is connected to the first main structure 71 through the lower fixing member 21 of the first ladder beam and the tread beam 3 connected to the lower part of the first ladder beam to prevent the stairs from jumping off and sliding; the upper end is fixed to the concrete crossbeam of the middle main structure 72 through the upper connecting member 23 of the first ladder beam.

[0176] The lower end of the second ladder beam 12 is attached to the crossbeam of the middle main structure 72 to form a stable support; the top end is bolted to the T-beam of the second main structure 73 through the connector 24 on the second ladder beam and the fixing member 25 on the second ladder beam.

[0177] 2. Overall parameter design of the staircase

[0178] Step count design: In accordance with building codes and local residential customs, the number of steps in residential staircases is an odd number (excluding the upper and lower floor slabs and rest platforms). In this embodiment, the number of steps in both flights of stairs is set to 9.

[0179] Step height calculation: The step height and step width of each step in the same flight of stairs must be consistent. The single step height is calculated using the formula: h = H / (n+1), where n is the designed number of steps in the flight of stairs, and H is the total height difference between the two planes connected by the stairs. In this embodiment, the total height difference of the first flight of stairs is 1680mm, and the single step height is 168mm; the total height difference of the second flight of stairs is 1610mm, and the single step height is 161mm.

[0180] Step width calculation: The formula for calculating step width is: s = S / n, where n is the designed number of steps for the flight of stairs, and S is the total span of the stairwell entrance. In this embodiment, the total span of the two flights of stairs is the same, both being 2637mm, and the calculated step width is 293mm.

[0181] 3. Core component parameters and manufacturing

[0182] 3.1 Pedal and upright structure

[0183] The thickness of the tread plate 4 and the upright plate 5 directly affects the distribution of the connecting bolt holes on the plate beam. It needs to be determined in conjunction with the space dimensions of the installation site and the design load. The specific parameters are as follows:

[0184] Step 4: Thickness Tt is 35mm, made of solid wood, with the outer edge extending outward to flexibly adapt to similar step width conditions. In this embodiment, the width of step 4 is 310mm, and the outer edge is rounded. Each flight of stairs is equipped with 9 step 4, corresponding to 9 steps.

[0185] Riser 5: 20mm thick (TL), made of solid wood, 10 risers 5 are provided per flight of stairs, available in three sizes and shapes to suit different installation needs in various stair locations:

[0186] Intermediate riser: Installed in the middle of the staircase, it is a rectangle with two beveled corners, and its width (height after installation) is b=h-Tt;

[0187] Bottom riser: Installed at the lowest point of the stairs, it is rectangular, with the same width as the middle riser 5, i.e., b. L =h-Tt; where the bottom surface of the bottom plate 5 of the second flight of stairs is placed directly on the floor slab of the turning platform to ensure stable support;

[0188] Top riser: Installed at the very top of the stairs, with a width of b. H =h+Tt, which is a rectangular plate with rounded edges on the outer top side.

[0189] Installation requirements: The upright plate 5 and the pedal 4 are connected in a T-shape, and the width of the pedal 4 is greater than the step width of a single step; the lower rear edge of the upright plate 5 is rounded to ensure that the bottom edge and rear side are in close contact with the inner sides of the two wings of the pedal 4 beam, thereby improving the connection stability.

[0190] 3.2 Staircase Frame Structure

[0191] Staircase beam structure: The top edge of each run of staircase beam overlaps flush with the upper plane of the corresponding central main structure 72 and the second main structure 73. The upper edges of both ends of the staircase beam are rounded. In this embodiment, the staircase beam structure 1 of each run of staircase is made of two 30# channel steels. The upper edges of the staircase beam are rounded at both ends. The bottom plate at the ends is cut off, and the wing plate is bent and welded to the bottom plate to ensure that the upper edge of the formed staircase beam retains an intact wing plate. Preferably, the staircase beam is made of Q355D low alloy high strength structural steel. The 55D channel steel is cut and drilled simultaneously using a Jinweike 6025GA laser cutting machine. The connecting through holes on the ladder beam include: upper tread beam connecting hole 13, lower tread beam connecting hole 14, guardrail connecting hole 15, decorative part mounting hole 16, wall tie connecting hole 17, and other mounting hole positions and diameters. These are determined through calculation and proportional drawing, taking into account the thickness of the tread 4, upright plate 5, and the specifications of various connecting parts. After forming, it undergoes hot-dip galvanizing treatment, which enhances both corrosion resistance and surface gloss.

[0192] Pedal beam: The pedal support beam 31 is an angle steel, and the pedal fixing sleeve 32 is a long cylindrical nut; In this embodiment, the total pedal beam 3 is composed of 18 #4 angle steels with a thickness of 4mm. Long cylindrical nuts are welded into the grooves at both ends of each angle steel to form the pedal beam connecting installation structure; Specifically, the long cylindrical nut has an outer diameter of 20mm and an inner diameter of 12mm, and the internal thread is matched with a #12 pedal beam bolt; After the pedal beam 3 is formed, it is galvanized as a whole to improve its appearance and enhance its anti-corrosion performance.

[0193] Specifically, the thickness of the upright plate 5 should be consistent with the outer diameter of the long cylindrical nuts at both ends of the pedal beam 3 to ensure that the two fit tightly and the force is evenly distributed. In this embodiment, the upright plate 5 is made of 20mm thick solid wood (matching the 20mm outer diameter of the long cylindrical nuts at both ends of the pedal beam 3). The two lower corners of the middle upright plate 5 need to be cut off with 20mm×40mm rectangular blocks to avoid the long cylindrical nuts at both ends of the pedal beam 3 and prevent interference between components. In addition, the lower rear edge of each upright plate 5 needs to be rounded to ensure that the bottom edge and rear side of the upright plate 5 fit tightly with the inner sides of the two wings of the pedal beam 3, further improving the connection stability.

[0194] Guardrail structure: Four uprights 61 are installed on each side of each flight of stairs. Each upright 61 is bolted with two #8 screws. The guardrail connection hole 15 has a hole diameter of 9mm.

[0195] Specifically, countersunk head bolts are used for the 61 connecting bolts of the uprights, while stainless steel hexagonal flat head bolts are used for the tread beam bolts and the ground connecting plate bolts. During installation, the nuts are placed inside the ladder beam to ensure that the outer surface of the staircase is smooth and aesthetically pleasing.

[0196] The first ladder beam lower fixing member 21 is an expansion bolt, which is used to pass through the corresponding tread beam 3 to fix the ladder beam structure 1 to the flat floor and prevent the stairs from sliding; the upper end is fixedly connected to the adjacent tread beam 3 through the first ladder beam upper connecting member 23 passing through the middle main structure 72; the upper end of the second ladder beam is bolted to the upper main structure T beam through the second ladder beam upper connecting member 24 and the second ladder beam upper fixing member 25 to ensure a firm connection.

[0197] 3.3 Positioning of ladder beam bolt holes

[0198] Taking the first flight of stairs as an example, the positioning method is as follows: The positioning reference in the vertical plane is set as the origin of the coordinates at the intersection of the outer side of the bottom plate of the first flight of stairs and the floor slab below. This point is also the starting point for calculating the height and length of the stairs (the length direction differs from the theoretical stair opening by 1 times the thickness of the plate, which is 20mm in the embodiment).

[0199] The coordinates of the bottom tread beam connection hole are determined by the following formula: x0=T L +T Y +r, i.e., the thickness of the upright plate + the thickness of the wing plate of the pedal support beam + the radius of the long cylinder nut of the pedal beam, y0=T Y +r, which is the thickness of the pedal support beam flange and the radius of the pedal beam long cylinder nut;

[0200] The positioning method for hole 13 of the upper pedal beam connection hole is as follows: The coordinates of the upper pedal beam connection hole corresponding to the nth step pedal are calculated and determined by the following formula: x n =(n-1)h+T L +T Y +r, i.e., (n-1) times the step height + vertical plate thickness + pedal beam flange thickness + pedal beam long cylinder nut radius, y n =n*hT T +T Y -r, which is n times the step height - pedal thickness - pedal beam flange thickness - pedal beam long cylinder nut radius; the coordinates of the lower pedal beam connecting hole corresponding to the nth step pedal are calculated and determined by the following formula: x n =n*s+r, which is n times the step width + the radius of the long cylinder nut of the tread beam, y n =n*hT T +r, which is n times the step height - the pedal thickness + the radius of the long cylinder nut of the pedal beam;

[0201] The coordinates of the connection hole of the top tread beam are determined by the following formula: x H =S+T L -r, which represents the total span of the staircase + riser thickness - radius of the long cylindrical nut of the tread beam, y H =HhT T -r, which is the total height difference of the stairs - step height - tread thickness - radius of the tread beam long cylinder nut;

[0202] In this embodiment, the coordinates of the bottom tread beam connection hole at the lowest position on the first ladder beam 11 are (34mm, 14mm), and the coordinates of the top tread beam connection hole are (2647mm, 1467mm). The center coordinates of the lowest upper tread beam connection hole are (34mm, 119mm), the center coordinates of the second tread beam connection hole behind it are (303mm, 143mm), and the center coordinates of the third tread beam connection hole above the second hole are (327mm, 327mm). The subsequent hole positions are calculated sequentially according to the above formula and corresponding rules to determine the position of all tread beam connection holes one by one. The diameter of all tread beam connection holes is uniformly 13mm, which is compatible with the selected φ12 tread beam bolt specification. In addition, the bolt holes for wall ties, railings, and decorative elements on the ladder beam structure 1 are arranged according to the principle of uniform distribution. The positioning principle and calculation method are consistent with the positioning principle and method of the connecting holes for the tread beams mentioned above. Except for the railing connecting holes, all other connecting holes should be set below the treads and uprights, and the bolts should be arranged on the outside of the ladder beam so that they can be completely covered and hidden by the installation of decorative elements.

[0203] Specific installation steps

[0204] The installation of this invention follows the process of "measurement and design—prefabrication preparation—pre-assembly inspection—component hoisting—adjustment and fastening—decoration and finishing," and the specific steps are as follows:

[0205] S1: On-site investigation and measurement

[0206] The geometric dimensions of the staircase installation location were measured on-site to clarify the boundaries of the installation space. At the same time, the actual usage conditions and requirements of the staircase were investigated and determined to provide a basis for subsequent design and prefabrication.

[0207] S2: Staircase Component Design and Prefabrication

[0208] The number of steps in the staircase is determined according to building codes and local customs; the specifications and models of various components such as the steel frame stair beam structure 1, tread beam 3, long cylindrical nuts, tread beam bolts, and balustrade posts are calculated and determined based on the load requirements and site dimensions, and the thickness of treads 4 and uprights 5 is selected; the shape and size of the components are accurately determined through calculation and proportional drawing, and the opening position and diameter of each bolt hole are accurately located; the prefabrication and procurement of each assembly part are completed according to the specifications, shape and quantity of the components; when the upper edge of the channel steel stair beam is rounded, the complete flange must be retained;

[0209] S3: On-site preparation

[0210] Drill corresponding bolt holes in the floor slabs or beams, clear debris and obstacles from the installation site to ensure unobstructed installation space; at the same time, erect scaffolding, set up temporary guardrails, safety ropes, and auxiliary hoisting and fastening points, and take good construction safety protection measures.

[0211] S4: Component pre-assembly and verification

[0212] Pre-assemble the main components of the staircase on the ground, check whether the processing quality and dimensional accuracy of the components meet the actual site conditions, and verify whether the quantity of components is complete to avoid problems such as mismatch or missing components during on-site installation.

[0213] S5: Component hoisting and pre-fixing

[0214] First, the ladder beams are hoisted and pre-fixed at the top and bottom. Then, the tread beams 3 are installed, prioritizing the installation of the bottom and top tread beams 3, and the middle tread beams 3 are installed sequentially from bottom to top. All connecting bolts at the joints of the steel frame are reliably connected, but temporarily kept loose and not tightened to leave room for future adjustments.

[0215] S6: Frame confined side fastening

[0216] For staircases installed close to the main structure such as walls, operation is restricted on the side closest to the wall. Therefore, it is necessary to tighten the fastening bolts of the wall ties, tread beams, and other components on the side closest to the wall first to ensure a firm connection on the wall side and provide a stable benchmark for the subsequent installation of components on the other side and overall adjustment.

[0217] S7: Step assembly installation and frame tightening in stages

[0218] Install the uprights 5 and treads 4 one by one from bottom to top. During the installation process, simultaneously tighten the bolts of the tread beams 3 on the outer side from bottom to top. At the same time, tighten the connecting bolts between the stair beams and the floor slabs and crossbeams. The bolt tightening should follow the order of "tread beam bolts first, stair beam connecting bolts to the main structure later". Tighten all connecting bolts step by step, symmetrically and cyclically to ensure that the force is even at each connection and avoid local stress concentration that could cause component deformation.

[0219] S8: Installation of railings and decorative components

[0220] The guardrail is installed and fixed on the stair beam on the open side of the staircase through the connection holes of the railing posts. Decorative panels are installed on the outer side and bottom of the staircase. Once the auxiliary components are installed, the entire installation work of the fully prefabricated steel frame staircase is completed.

[0221] Specifically, the installation steps for the railings and decorative structures are as follows: Construction workers align the lower end of the uprights 61 with the corresponding railing connection holes 15 on the stair beam structure 1, and fix them with bolts and nuts to ensure that the uprights 61 on each stair beam are installed vertically, accurately positioned, and reliably connected to the stair beam structure 1. Then, construction workers connect the handrails 62 to the top of each upright 61 on each stair beam, achieving a connection and fixation of the upper ends of each upright 61, ensuring that the handrails 62 are firmly connected to the uprights 61, have a flat surface, and are compatible with the overall slope of the staircase. Next, construction workers space several solid stainless steel connecting rods along the height direction of the uprights 61, firmly connecting each upright 61 on each stair beam to form a complete and reliable protective structure. Finally, construction workers install the staircase bottom and outer side decorative panel keel and decorative panels on the decorative component installation holes 16, completing the installation of all auxiliary components, thus completing the overall installation of the fully prefabricated steel frame staircase.

[0222] Finally, it should be noted that the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention have been clearly and completely described above in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, all connections and connection relationships mentioned herein do not simply refer to direct connection of components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this invention can be combined interactively without contradicting each other.

Claims

1. A fully prefabricated steel frame staircase, characterized in that: include: The ladder beam structure (1) is inclined along each flight of stairs and is erected on the main structure (7) at both ends of each flight of stairs. The fixing component (2) is connected to the ladder beam structure (1) and is used to fix the ladder beam structure (1) to the corresponding main structure (7); Multiple tread beams (3) are detachably installed at corresponding positions on the inner side of each ladder beam structure (1), and are arranged in a staggered manner along the inclined ladder beam structure (1) and form a stepped structure as a whole. The pedal (4) is detachably mounted on the same height mounting surface of two adjacent pedal beams (3); The upright plate (5) is detachably installed on two adjacent upper and lower pedal beams (3) and / or detachably installed on the pedal beam (3) at the end of the main structure (7); Guardrail (6), the lower part of the guardrail (6) can be detachably installed on the open side of each ladder beam structure (1); Among them, each flight of stairs is equipped with a wall tie (22) on the stair beam structure (1).

2. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ladder beam structure (1) includes: The first ladder beam (11) is inclinedly set between the first main structure (71) and the middle main structure (72) of the main structure (7); The second ladder beam (12) is inclinedly set between the second main structure (73) and the middle main structure (72) of the main structure (7); Both ends of the first ladder beam (11) and the second ladder beam (12) are provided with connecting parts that are adapted to the corresponding main structure (7).

3. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several upper tread beam connection holes (13) and multiple lower tread beam connection holes (14) are respectively opened through the middle sides of the first ladder beam (11) and the second ladder beam (12) along the length direction. Multiple sets of guardrail connection holes (15) are also opened through the first ladder beam (11) and the second ladder beam (12) on the open side; multiple sets of decorative component installation holes (16) are also opened through the ladder beams on both sides below the tread; multiple wall connection holes (17) are also opened on the ladder beam below the tread on the wall side.

4. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The fixing component (2) includes: The first ladder beam lower fixing component (21) is used to securely connect the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams (11) to the first main structure (71); The first ladder beam connector (23) passes through the middle main structure (72) and is fixedly connected to the adjacent tread beam (3); The upper connector (24) of the second ladder beam is connected to the upper part of the second ladder beam (12) by a bolt assembly; The second ladder beam is fixed to the second main structure (73) by passing through the second ladder beam connector (24).

5. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first ladder beam lower fixing member (21) is an expansion bolt (211) or a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a first ladder beam lower connecting member (21a) and a first ladder beam lower fixing member (21b). The expansion bolt (211) passes through the tread beam (3) connecting the bottom ends of the two first ladder beams (11) and is fixedly connected to the first main structure (71). The first ladder beam lower connecting member (21a) is connected to the lower part of the first ladder beam (11) by a bolt assembly. The first ladder beam lower fixing member (21b) passes through the first ladder beam lower connecting member (21a) and is fixedly connected to the first main structure (71). The connecting member (24) on the second ladder beam includes: The second connecting plate (241) has a second fixing hole group through both ends; The second connecting sleeve (242) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the fixing part (25) on the second ladder beam of the second connecting plate (241); The second ladder beam fixing member (25) passes through the second connecting sleeve (242) and is securely connected to the T beam below the second main structure (73).

6. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The pedal beam (3) includes: The pedal support beam (31) has an "L" shaped cross section. The pedal fixing sleeve (32) is fixedly connected to the inside of the openings at both ends of the pedal support beam (31); Among them, the pedal beam (3) passes through the corresponding pedal beam connection hole on the ladder beam structure (1) through the pedal beam bolt and is locked in the pedal fixing sleeve (32) to achieve a stable connection with the inner side of the ladder beam structure (1).

7. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two wing plates of the pedal support beam (31) are provided with several through holes (311) for step components. The pedal fixing sleeve (32) is provided with an internal thread section; Alternatively, several bolt-connection through holes (312) are provided on the wing plate of the pedal support beam (31) for connecting to the main structure (7).

8. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedal (4) is generally rectangular or convex. The upright plate (5) includes a rectangular plate structure and a convex structure, and its thickness is adapted to the outer diameter of the pedal fixing sleeve (32); the pedal (4) and the upright plate (5) are both securely connected to the pedal through hole corresponding to the pedal beam (3) through the pedal beam locking member; The wall tie (22) is used for connection through the corresponding wall tie connection holes (17) on the first ladder beam (11) and the second ladder beam (12) near the wall side; the wall tie (22) includes: Connecting rod (221), one end of connecting rod (221) is connected to the wall; Locking nut (222), which is used to lock the connecting rod (221) to the wall; Several fixing nuts (223) are threaded onto the connecting rod (221) for fixing to the ladder beam on the corresponding side; The other end of the connecting rod (221) passes through the corresponding wall-connecting hole (17) and is then locked and fixed to the first ladder beam (11) and the second ladder beam (12) by a fixing nut (223).

9. The fully prefabricated steel frame staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guardrail (6) includes: Upright pole (61), the lower end of which can be detachably installed on the corresponding guardrail connection hole (15) on the ladder beam structure (1); Handrail (62) is connected above each upright (61) on each ladder beam to achieve connection and fixation of the upper end of each upright (61); The protective component (63) is connected to each upright (61) and is used to tie and fix the uprights (61) on the same stair section together to form an overall stress-bearing stair protection structure.

10. An installation method for a fully prefabricated steel frame staircase, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: On-site investigation and measurement; S2: Staircase structural design and component prefabrication; S3: On-site preparation; S4: Component pre-assembly and verification; S5: Component hoisting and pre-fixing; S6: Tighten bolts on one side; S7: Step assembly installation and bolt tightening in stages; S8: Installation of railings and decorative components.

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