Reaction cup in-situ detection method and biochemical analysis and detection equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a reaction cup in-situ detection method and biochemical analysis and detection equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first air optical signal value of each hole site of a reaction disc; after an empty reaction cup is placed in the reaction disc, a cup blank light signal value of the corresponding hole site is obtained; according to the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value, whether the cup is placed successfully is judged; after the reaction cup is taken out of the reaction disc, a second air optical signal value of the corresponding hole site is obtained; according to the second air light signal value and the first air light signal value, whether cup taking succeeds or not is judged. The optical signals of the same hole site in different expected states are obtained and compared at key nodes of reaction cup taking and placing operation, the actual physical in-place state of the reaction cup can be directly and reliably deduced, and therefore the industrial problem that in-place detection of the transparent reaction cup is not reliable is effectively solved in a zero-additional-hardware-cost mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of optical analysis and medical diagnostics, specifically to a method for in-situ detection of reaction cups and a biochemical analysis detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Automated biochemical immunoassay analyzers, chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers, and fully automated fecal occult blood analyzers, among other in vitro diagnostic equipment, typically use reaction cups to hold samples and reagents for reaction and detection. In automated processes, a cup-grabbing mechanism (robotic arm) accurately picks up the reaction cup from the storage device and places it into the designated hole on the reaction tray, then removes and discards it after the test. The success of this process directly affects the accuracy of the test and the reliability of the equipment's operation.

[0003] Currently, the common method for detecting the presence of reaction cups in the industry is to install optical sensors next to the cup gripping mechanism or reaction plate station, and determine whether the action is successful by detecting the physical presence of the reaction cups.

[0004] However, separate sensors increase additional hardware costs, wiring complexity, and potential points of failure. Furthermore, reaction cups are typically made of transparent or translucent plastic, whose light reflection characteristics are unstable, which may lead to sensor misjudgments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a method for detecting reaction cups in situ, which can accurately determine the state of reaction cups in the reaction pan, so as to improve the reliability of automated testing equipment and the quality of test results.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for in-situ detection of reaction cups is provided, comprising: Acquire the first air light signal value at each aperture of the reaction disk; After placing an empty reaction cup in the reaction plate, obtain the cup blank light signal value at the corresponding aperture position; The success of placing the cup is determined by the ratio of the blank light signal value of the cup to the first air light signal value. After removing the reaction cup from the reaction plate, obtain the second air light signal value at the corresponding aperture. The success of cup retrieval is determined based on the second and first air light signal values.

[0007] Optionally, when the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to the first preset value, the cup placement is determined to be successful; Conversely, if the cup placement at the hole position fails or is abnormal, it is determined that the cup placement has failed.

[0008] Optionally, determining whether the cup was successfully retrieved includes: When the ratio of the second air light signal value to the first air light signal value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the cup is determined to be successfully retrieved. Conversely, if no reaction cup is found, it indicates that the cup removal has failed or is abnormal.

[0009] Optionally, after acquiring the first air light signal value at each aperture of the reaction disk, the process further includes: Calculate the average value of the first air light signal at multiple aperture locations; The hole position deviation value is obtained based on the first air light signal value and the average value; If the deviation value of the hole position is greater than the preset deviation value, the corresponding hole position will be disabled.

[0010] Optionally, the in-situ detection method for the reaction vessel also includes: Place the mixed reaction cup back into its original position on the reaction plate; Obtain the current optical signal value at this aperture location; Based on the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value, determine whether the mixed reaction vessel has been successfully returned.

[0011] Optionally, if the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to the first preset value, it is determined that the reaction cup has been successfully returned. Otherwise, it is judged as a return exception; Issue an alarm, mark the hole location as abnormal, and skip all operations on the hole location. Optionally, the in-situ detection method for reaction vessels also includes obtaining a reference value, specifically including the following steps: Water was injected into the reaction vessel, and the transmittance of the water blank was obtained. The rate of change of the air blank light signal value is acquired within a preset time period.

[0012] According to another aspect of this application, a biochemical analysis and detection device is also provided, including a reaction disk having multiple wells for accommodating reaction cups; an optical detection unit located within the reaction disk for detecting the light path passing through each well to obtain the light signal of the well and / or its corresponding reaction cup under different states; a cup-grabbing assembly for placing or removing reaction cups from the reaction disk; a sample needle and a reagent needle for adding reagents or samples to the reaction cups; and a processing unit communicatively connected to the optical detection module for performing the reaction cup in-situ detection method described above to determine whether the actual in-situ state of the reaction cups is abnormal.

[0013] Optionally, the biochemical analysis and detection equipment also includes a control unit, which controls the cup-grabbing assembly to stop or re-grab and place the reaction cup based on the judgment result output by the processing unit, or controls the sample needle or reagent needle to skip the well position or its corresponding reaction cup that is judged to be abnormal.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By using the inherent optical detection unit of the biochemical analysis and detection equipment, this application can acquire and compare the light signals of the same well position under different expected states at the key nodes of the reaction cup handling operation. This allows for the direct and reliable inference of the actual physical state of the reaction cup, thereby effectively solving the industry problem of unreliable in-situ detection of transparent reaction cups with zero additional hardware cost. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the in-situ detection method for reaction cups provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is another schematic flowchart of the reaction cup in-situ detection method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is another schematic flowchart of the in-situ detection method for reaction cups provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission colorimetric / turbidimetric method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scattering turbidimetry method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biochemical analysis and detection equipment provided in the embodiments of this application; It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are shown only in a schematic manner without affecting the reader's understanding. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0019] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this application specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0024] In the automated biochemical analysis device, namely the fully automated fecal occult blood analyzer, of this application embodiment, the automated process includes: a cup-grabbing assembly picks up an empty reaction cup from the storage device and precisely places it in a designated well of the reaction plate; subsequently, reagent needles and sample needles sequentially add reagents and samples into the cup; after the cup-grabbing assembly picks up the reaction cup and mixes it, it is placed back into the designated well of the reaction plate, and the device's optical detection system analyzes and detects the reaction cup; during this process, other reagents may be added and mixed multiple times to complete the detection of various biochemical analysis needs. After all detections are completed, the cup-grabbing assembly must remove and discard the used reaction cup from the reaction plate, and the well enters the next detection cycle.

[0025] The accurate handling of the reaction vessel at each critical juncture is crucial for ensuring the continuity of the testing process, the reliability of results, and the safe operation of the equipment. If the physical handling of the reaction vessel malfunctions and is not promptly identified by the system, it will trigger a chain of serious consequences: (1) If the reaction cup fails to be placed into the reaction plate ("should be placed but not placed"), and the sample needle and reagent needle still add liquid to the empty hole according to the preset procedure, the liquid will directly contaminate the reaction plate hole, the optical window below, and even the entire optical path system. This contamination will not only make the current test invalid, but may also affect the test results of other samples due to cross-contamination, causing serious medical diagnostic risks.

[0026] (2) If the cup-grabbing assembly fails to grab the reaction cup to the corresponding position, for example, if it fails to remove the reaction cup from the reaction tray for disposal, but incorrectly determines that it has been discarded and grabs a new reaction cup from the storage device, it will cause chaos in the control process. For example, if the reaction cup is not retrieved from the mixing position and put back into the reaction tray, subsequent testing of the sample will be impossible, and the testing process will be interrupted.

[0027] (3) If the reaction cup is not successfully removed after the test ("should be removed but not removed"), and there is still a reaction cup in the hole, the cup gripping assembly will try to put a new empty reaction cup into the hole that has been occupied in the next test cycle, causing the two reaction cups to collide vertically, which may cause the cup to get stuck, damage precision mechanical parts, or even cause the equipment to malfunction and stop, interrupting the large-scale test.

[0028] To address the aforementioned issues, the industry typically detects successful handling of reaction cups by installing independent in-situ sensors (such as reflective photoelectric sensors) next to the cup gripping assembly or reaction tray. For example, Chinese patent CN119846246A discloses a reaction cup transfer control method, which detects whether there is a cup at the workstation by setting a first reaction cup sensor on the transfer tray, relies on an external dedicated sensor to prevent empty gripping, and controls the rotation of the transfer tray accordingly.

[0029] However, since reaction cups are typically made of transparent or translucent plastics (such as polystyrene), their light reflectivity is low and unstable, making them prone to misjudgment by reflective sensors and resulting in insufficient reliability. Furthermore, adding a separate sensor increases hardware costs, system complexity, and potential failure rate.

[0030] In view of the above problems, this application aims to provide a method for detecting the physical presence of a reaction cup. By using the optical detection unit for biochemical concentration detection that is already present in the fully automated biochemical analyzer, the physical presence of the disposable reaction cup can be determined by intelligently analyzing the changes in the light signal acquired by the unit at key points of reaction cup handling, without the need for additional sensors or hardware.

[0031] While existing technologies do utilize optical measurements to determine the state of reaction vessels—for example, Chinese patent CN101762711B discloses a method and apparatus for determining water blank values, which uses optical measurements to detect abnormalities in reaction vessels—the purpose of this approach differs from that of this application. That patent targets washable and reusable reaction vessels, determining whether the vessel is clean to ensure the accuracy of absorbance calculations in subsequent biochemical tests. Therefore, it cannot be applied to the in-situ detection of disposable reaction vessels used in this application.

[0032] In view of the above problems, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this application provides an in-situ detection method for reaction cups, comprising: S100: Obtain the first air light signal value at each hole of the reaction disk; Ensure all unused ports on the reaction plate are empty. Before placing the reaction cup, test the first air light signal value (AD value) of each port on the reaction plate. i-空气 .

[0033] The optical detection module sequentially measures the analog light signal at each aperture when there are no obstructions (i.e., only air), converts this signal into a digital signal, and records it as the "first air light signal value," "air blank AD value," and "AD" for each aperture. i-空气 , where i is the number of each hole (i=1, 2, 3, ..., n).

[0034] S200. After placing an empty reaction cup into the reaction disk, obtain the cup blank light signal value of the corresponding aperture position. The cup-grabbing component performs an action, placing a new empty reaction cup into the aperture; it then acquires the signal value at that aperture, i.e., the blank light signal value (AD). 杯空白 .

[0035] S300. Determine whether the cup was successfully placed based on the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value. Calculate AD 杯空白 / ADi空气 To determine whether the cup was successfully placed; S310. When the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to the first preset value, it is determined that the cup placement was successful. Because the walls of reaction vessels absorb and scatter light, the transmitted light intensity will inevitably decrease after a blank reaction vessel is placed inside. Based on extensive experimental data, the light transmittance of a qualified blank reaction vessel typically ranges from 60% to 98%.

[0036] In practical applications, to allow for a safety margin and avoid misjudgments caused by optical path fluctuations, the judgment threshold can be set slightly higher than the upper limit of the typical cup blank transmittance range. For example, the first preset value can be set to 0.98 to improve the reliability of the successful cup placement judgment. It should be noted that this first preset value can be adjusted according to the light transmittance characteristics of the reaction cup, optical system parameters, and detection accuracy requirements in actual applications.

[0037] Therefore, determine AD 杯空白 / AD i空气 Is it less than or equal to 0.98?

[0038] S320. Conversely, if the cup placement at the hole position is abnormal, it is determined that the cup placement is abnormal. If the light signal value of the empty cup after it is placed is no different from the light signal value of the first air when the reaction cup is not placed, it can be inferred that the reaction cup has not been successfully placed, and it is determined that there is no cup at this position, that is, the cup placement has failed or the cup placement is abnormal. At this point, the control unit can trigger an audible and visual alarm, prevent the operation of the sample needle and reagent needle, mark the well as an abnormal well, and skip the operation of that well in subsequent tests.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 S310. If the placement of the cup is successful, the reagent needle or sample needle moves to the well and adds the sample or reagent to the reaction cup thereon. It should be understood that the order of adding reagents and samples depends on the specific process set by the automated equipment.

[0040] The specific steps are as follows: S311. Place the mixed reaction cup back into the original hole position of the reaction plate; After the first reagent and sample are added sequentially to the reaction vessel, the gripper assembly removes the reaction vessel from the reaction tray and moves it to the mixing device for mixing. After mixing is complete, the gripper assembly places the reaction vessel back into its original position on the reaction tray.

[0041] S312. Obtain the current optical signal value at this aperture position; During the detection process, different reagents may need to be added multiple times, and each time they need to be mixed. After each reagent addition, the cup-grabbing assembly removes the reaction cup from the reaction plate, transfers it to the mixing device for mixing, and then places it back into its original position on the reaction plate. Each time the mixed reaction cup is placed back, the optical detection unit detects the current light signal at that position, acquiring the light signal value of the reaction cup in its current state, denoted as AD. 放回1 AD 放回2 AD 放回3 wait.

[0042] S313. Based on the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value, determine whether the mixed reaction vessel has been successfully returned.

[0043] Based on the current optical signal value at the aperture, using AD 放回1 For example, the first air light signal value AD at the corresponding aperture position i-空气 The ratio is compared with a preset judgment threshold (such as a first preset value or other set thresholds) to determine whether the reaction cup has been successfully returned.

[0044] S314. If the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to the first preset value, then it is determined that the reaction cup has been successfully returned. According to the optical signal value AD 放回1 The first air light signal value AD of the corresponding aperture position i-空气 The ratio is calculated and compared with a preset judgment threshold (such as a first preset value or other set thresholds) to determine whether the reaction vessel has been successfully returned. In this embodiment, the first preset value is used as the basis for determining whether the reaction vessel has been successfully returned.

[0045] Determine AD 放回1 / AD i-空气 If the value is less than or equal to 0.98, then the presence of a reaction cup at that well location indicates that the mixed reaction cup has been successfully returned.

[0046] S315. Otherwise, it is judged as a return exception. If AD 放回1 / AD i-空气 If the value is greater than 0.98, it means that the current light signal value is almost the same as the first air light signal value. Therefore, it is determined that the mixed reaction cup was not successfully returned, and there is no reaction cup at this position.

[0047] S316. Issue an alarm, mark the hole location as abnormal, and skip all operations on that hole location; At this point, the control unit can trigger an audible and visual alarm, mark the hole as an abnormal hole, and skip all operations on that hole in subsequent processes.

[0048] Continue to refer to Figure 1 S400, After removing the reaction cup from the reaction plate, obtain the second air light signal value of the corresponding hole position; After all tests are completed, i.e., the equipment performs optical detection on the sample and reagent mixture in the reaction cup to obtain the corresponding biochemical analysis results, the cup-grabbing assembly needs to remove the used reaction cup from the reaction plate and discard it so that the well position can be returned to an empty state and receive a new empty reaction cup for the next testing cycle.

[0049] At this point, after the cup-grabbing assembly completes its cup-grabbing operation, the optical detection unit again detects the light signal value at that aperture, i.e., the second air light signal value AD. i-空气-new .

[0050] S500: Determine whether the cup was successfully retrieved based on the second air light signal value and the first air light signal value.

[0051] According to AD i-空气-new / AD i-空气 Determine whether the cup was successfully retrieved. S510. When the ratio of the second air light signal value to the first air light signal value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, it is determined that the cup was successfully retrieved. Within a short time period when the light source and optical path are stable, the air signal should be very stable. Experiments have shown that its fluctuation rate is typically less than 1% / 30 minutes. Therefore, judging AD... i-空气-new / AD i-空气 Whether it is greater than the second preset value, in this embodiment the second preset value is 0.99. If yes, it indicates that after the cup-grabbing assembly picks up the cup, the light signal at that aperture is the second air light signal AD. i-空气-new Restored to the first air light signal AD i-空气 If the results are close to a consensus, the cup can be successfully retrieved.

[0052] S520. Conversely, it is determined that there are still reaction cups in the hole that have not been removed, indicating that the cup removal has failed or is abnormal.

[0053] If AD i-空气-new / AD i-空气 If the value is less than 0.99, it means that the current light signal, i.e., the second air light signal value, is lower than the first air light signal value. It is inferred that the reaction cup is still stuck in the hole and the cup-grabbing component has not successfully removed the reaction cup. This is judged as a cup-grabbing abnormality or cup-grabbing failure.

[0054] At this point, the control unit triggers an alarm, marks the hole as an abnormal hole, and prohibits the cup-grabbing assembly from putting a new cup into the hole in subsequent processes until maintenance personnel intervene.

[0055] Through the above process, the system can accurately complete the closed-loop detection of the reaction cup placement and removal status without adding any sensors, using its own photoelectric detection unit. This application acquires the light signals of the same well position under different expected states (such as empty, with an empty cup, after liquid addition, and after biochemical analysis), and by comparing the changes between these light signals, it can directly and reliably infer whether the reaction cup was in place when it should have been placed, and whether it was successfully removed when it should have been removed.

[0056] Under normal circumstances, the air signals measured from all unused wells on the reaction disk under the same optical path should be completely identical. However, in actual use, many factors can cause differences in background signals between wells, such as localized contamination at a well, wear caused by frequent use leading to uneven optical path distribution, and manufacturing differences. Therefore, to eliminate wells that can easily affect subsequent in-situ detection results or biochemical detection results and improve the overall reliability of the detection, in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, after step S100, which involves acquiring the first air light signal value at each aperture of the reaction disk, the process further includes: S110. Calculate the average value of the first air light signal at multiple apertures; Assuming the number of apertures on the reaction disk is n, calculate the average value (AD) of the first air light signal at these apertures. avg AD avg= (AD) 1-空气 +AD 2-空气 +AD n-空气 ) / n.

[0057] S120. Obtain the hole position deviation value based on the first air light signal value and the average value of each hole position; The calculation formula is: Deviation value = (AD) i-空气 -AD avg ) / AD avg S130. If the hole position deviation value is greater than the preset deviation value, the corresponding hole position is disabled.

[0058] The preset deviation value is 0.01. If the deviation value of a certain aperture is greater than 0.01, it indicates that the optical signal at that aperture is significantly weak, possibly due to dirt, deformation, or partial obstruction of the optical path. This aperture will be marked as abnormal and disabled in subsequent testing processes to avoid detection errors.

[0059] The core principle of fully automated biochemical analysis relies on the precise measurement of the optical properties of the reaction system. Since the reaction vessel itself is a transparent plane and has no focusing effect, when a light beam passes through the reaction vessel carrying the sample or reagent, the concentration, turbidity, and other biochemical indicators within the vessel modulate the light signal. Quantitative detection can be achieved by analyzing the intensity of the transmitted or scattered light. Depending on the specific detection item and principle, commonly used optical analysis methods mainly include, for example... Figure 4 The transmission colorimetric / turbidimetric method shown and as Figure 5 The scattering turbidimetric method shown.

[0060] Therefore, the reaction cup in-situ detection method of this application embodiment can reuse its inherent optical detection system to determine the in-situ state of the (blank) reaction cup, regardless of which optical path is used for biochemical analysis.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the transmission optical path includes a light source 100 (such as an LED lamp or halogen lamp) that emits light to illuminate the reaction cup, a plano-concave mirror 200 located between the reaction cup and the light source, and the light emitted by the light source being collimated by the plano-concave mirror 200 and other collimating elements to form a parallel beam that passes perpendicularly through the two parallel light-transmitting planes of the reaction cup 300. Finally, the transmitted light is received by a photodetector 400 (PD) facing the light source. The detector 300 converts the optical signal into an analog electrical signal, which is then processed by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert it into a digital signal (AD value) that can be read and calculated by the processing unit.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the scattering optical path also includes a light source 100 and a collimation system 200 (plano-concave mirror). After the parallel beam passes perpendicularly through the reaction cup 300, a portion of the light propagates along the original direction (i.e., transmitted light) and is received by a first photodetector 400 (PD1) directly facing the light source. At the same time, a second photodetector 400 (PD2) is set at a position deviating from the incident light by a certain angle to receive the scattered light signal. PD1 and PD2 respectively convert the received transmitted light and scattered analog electrical signals into digital signals (AD values), i.e., the optical signals in the embodiments of this application, through subsequent circuits.

[0063] The above steps illustrate how, when placing the reaction cup into the reaction pan at the initial stage and when removing the reaction cup from the reaction pan after biochemical analysis, the blank signal, the first air value, and the second air value of the reaction cup are simultaneously compared to reliably determine the status of the reaction cup. This ensures the continuity and integrity of the reaction cup within the expected state and avoids process interruption, equipment contamination, or result failure caused by abnormal handling.

[0064] The in-situ detection method of the reaction cup in this embodiment further includes obtaining a reference value, continuously or intermittently measuring the air light signal within a preset time period (e.g., 30 minutes), and calculating its rate of change. This step is used to evaluate the stability of the light source and the short-term fluctuations of the optical path, ensuring that the air signal has sufficient stability within the detection period, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the ratio-based judgment.

[0065] Injecting pure water into the reaction vessel to obtain the "water blank light transmittance" effectively characterizes the transmittance of an ideal transparent liquid in the current optical path. This value serves as an important verification indicator of the device's stability and provides a direct physical reference for setting or dynamically calibrating judgment thresholds (such as the first preset value and the second preset value). For example, the device can normalize the air blank light signal based on the real-time water blank value, or derive a more suitable cup placement / removal judgment threshold, i.e., the first preset value and the second preset value, based on this value.

[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. The scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims. Although this application has disclosed preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Acquire the first air light signal value at each aperture of the reaction disk; After placing an empty reaction cup in the reaction plate, obtain the cup blank light signal value at the corresponding aperture position; The success of placing the cup is determined based on the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value. After removing the reaction cup from the reaction plate, obtain the second air light signal value at the corresponding aperture. Based on the second air light signal value and the first air light signal value, determine whether the cup was successfully retrieved.

2. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether the cup was successfully placed includes: When the ratio of the cup blank light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to a first preset value, it is determined that the cup placement was successful. Conversely, if the cup placement at the specified hole position fails or is abnormal, it is determined that the cup placement has failed.

3. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether the cup was successfully retrieved includes: When the ratio of the second air light signal value to the first air light signal value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, it is determined that the cup was successfully retrieved. Conversely, if no reaction cup is found in the hole, it is determined that there is still a reaction cup that has not been removed, indicating a failure or abnormality in cup removal.

4. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, After acquiring the first air light signal value of each aperture of the reaction disk, the method further includes: Calculate the average value of the first air light signal at multiple apertures; The hole position deviation value is obtained based on the first air light signal value and the average value; If the deviation value of the hole position is greater than the preset deviation value, the corresponding hole position is disabled.

5. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Place the mixed reaction cup back into its original position on the reaction plate; Obtain the current optical signal value at this aperture location; Based on the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value, it is determined whether the mixed reaction vessel has been successfully returned.

6. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the ratio of the current light signal value to the first air light signal value is less than or equal to the first preset value, then the reaction cup is determined to have been successfully returned. Otherwise, it is judged as a return exception; Issue an alarm, mark the hole location as abnormal, and skip all operations on the hole location.

7. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes obtaining benchmark reference values, specifically including the following steps: Water was injected into the reaction vessel, and the transmittance of the water blank was obtained. The rate of change of the air blank light signal value is acquired within a preset time period.

8. The method for in-situ detection of reaction vessels according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: If the cup placement fails, an alarm is issued and the operation at the corresponding hole position is skipped; If the cup retrieval fails, an alarm will be issued, and the operation of the corresponding hole will be skipped in subsequent operations.

9. A biochemical analysis and detection device, characterized in that, include: A reaction dish, wherein the reaction dish is provided with multiple openings for accommodating a reaction cup; An optical detection unit, located within the reaction disk, is used to detect the light path passing through each of the apertures to obtain the light signals of the apertures and / or their corresponding reaction cups under different states; A cup-grabbing assembly is used to place the reaction cup into or remove the reaction cup from the reaction tray. Sample needles and reagent needles are used to add reagents or samples into the reaction cup; The processing unit is communicatively connected to the optical detection module and is used to execute the reaction vessel in-situ detection method according to any one of claims 1-8 to determine whether the actual in-situ state of the reaction vessel is abnormal.

10. The biochemical analysis and detection equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit, which controls the cup-grabbing assembly to stop or re-grab and place the reaction cup according to the judgment result output by the processing unit, or controls the sample needle or reagent needle to skip the well position or its corresponding reaction cup that is judged to be abnormal.

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