Three-phase electric energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics
By using a multi-dimensional electrical feature fusion judgment mechanism, the wiring mode of three-phase energy meters is automatically identified, which solves the problem of metering inaccuracy in existing technologies and realizes efficient and reliable wiring identification and metering, thus meeting the needs of smart grids.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEXING ELECTRICAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
Smart Images
Figure CN122063531A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent assembly technology for electricity meters, and more specifically to a wiring identification system for three-phase electricity meters based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics. Background Technology
[0002] Three-phase electricity meters, as the core devices for electricity metering in industrial, commercial, and large residential users, are all factory-configured with four sets of terminals (three sets of live wire terminals and one set of neutral wire terminals). Their metering accuracy is highly dependent on the consistency between the preset operating mode and the actual wiring method on site. However, power systems include three-phase four-wire systems, three-phase three-wire systems, and various non-standard power supply topologies. If the preset operating mode of the three-phase electricity meter does not match the actual wiring form due to human error, grid upgrades, or non-standard systems, problems such as inaccurate metering and incorrect power calculations will occur, severely compromising the accuracy of electricity billing and grid monitoring.
[0003] To improve the accuracy of on-site wiring and installation of three-phase energy meters, existing technologies have provided improved three-phase energy meters with partial automatic detection capabilities to address some on-site uncertainties. Specifically, existing detection schemes mostly detect the presence of B-phase voltage to assist in determining the wiring, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of on-site wiring of energy meters to some extent.
[0004] However, the above-mentioned technologies still have obvious shortcomings: First, the identification mechanism is too simple, relying only on the detection of the voltage amplitude of phase B, which is prone to misjudgment under common abnormal conditions such as severe load imbalance or neutral line disconnection (at which time phase B voltage is close to 0); Second, it does not have the ability to comprehensively utilize key characteristics such as phase-to-phase voltage angle and neutral current, and cannot effectively distinguish between standard three-phase four-wire and three-phase three-wire power supply systems; Third, the degree of automation and intelligence is insufficient, the identification and switching process relies on manual configuration and remote intervention, the response is slow, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of smart grids for equipment self-sensing and self-decision-making capabilities. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics. This system overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely on a single criterion, and can comprehensively utilize multi-dimensional electrical characteristics to achieve highly robust and automated identification of wiring methods, eliminate the dependence on manual intervention, and ensure the metering accuracy and reliability of three-phase energy meters under various standard and non-standard power supply topologies.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics includes:
[0008] The trigger module is used to monitor the operating status of the three-phase energy meter and activate the wiring topology identification program according to the preset trigger mechanism.
[0009] An electrical feature acquisition module, connected to the triggering module, is used to acquire a multi-dimensional electrical feature vector of the current power supply system, wherein the feature vector includes at least voltage amplitude features, phase spatial distribution features, and loop current features.
[0010] The analysis and comparison module is connected to the electrical feature acquisition module and has multiple standard topology templates pre-stored inside. It is used to match and analyze the multidimensional electrical feature vector with the standard topology templates, and output the judgment result of the current power supply system wiring mode based on the preset tolerance rules.
[0011] The metering parameter configuration module is connected to the analysis and comparison module and has multiple calibration parameter sets pre-stored inside. It is used to receive the judgment result, automatically call and load the calibration parameter set corresponding to the standard topology template, and the calibration parameter set is used to control the three-phase energy meter to perform energy metering according to the identified wiring mode.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the standard topology templates pre-stored in the analysis and comparison module include at least a standard three-phase four-wire system, a three-phase three-wire system, and a special asymmetrical three-phase four-wire system.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the triggering module includes:
[0014] The power-on detection unit is used to trigger identification based on the stored enable parameters when the three-phase energy meter is initialized.
[0015] The communication driver unit is used to trigger a re-examination of the wiring topology identification program after a remote communication link is successfully established or configuration parameters are changed.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrical feature acquisition module includes a sampling circuit and a calculation logic unit; the sampling circuit is used to acquire the measured current of the neutral terminal; the calculation logic unit is used to synthesize the zero-sequence current based on the three-phase current vector.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analysis and comparison module performs a three-dimensional fusion judgment logic:
[0018] Voltage amplitude matching logic is used to verify whether the measured voltages of the three independent voltage phases conform to the proportional range defined by the standard topology template.
[0019] Phase space distribution matching logic is used to verify whether the deviation between the phase-to-phase voltage vector angle and the standard value defined by the standard topology template is within the preset tolerance range;
[0020] The loop current state matching logic is used to determine whether a physical neutral loop exists based on the current characteristics of the neutral terminal.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phase space distribution matching logic is provided with different tolerance ranges:
[0022] For the phase-to-phase voltage vector angle with a standard value of 0°, a first preset tolerance range is set;
[0023] For the interphase voltage vector angle whose standard value is not 0°, a second preset tolerance range is set;
[0024] The second preset tolerance range is greater than the first preset tolerance range.
[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calibration parameter set includes voltage channel gain coefficient, current channel gain coefficient, phase compensation factor, and power calculation coefficient bound to a specific standard topology template.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metering parameter configuration module includes a parameter locking unit, which is used to control the three-phase energy meter to enter the parameter locking state after the calibration parameter set is successfully loaded, so as to maintain the stable operation of the current metering mode until the analysis and comparison module outputs a new judgment result.
[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0028] This invention introduces a fusion judgment mechanism based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics such as voltage amplitude, phase angle, and neutral current, constructing a unique criterion. This overcomes the inherent flaw of traditional methods relying solely on B-phase voltage amplitude detection, which are prone to misjudgment under complex conditions such as load imbalance and neutral line disconnection. This system can effectively distinguish essential differences in electrical topologies and has the ability to identify special non-standard power supply systems, thus ensuring the reliability of the three-phase energy meter wiring mode judgment conclusions in various real, complex, and even abnormal field environments.
[0029] This invention automatically initiates the identification process through a trigger mechanism, automatically selects and loads the optimal set of metering parameters based on multi-dimensional feature matching results, and ultimately automatically completes the switching of the working mode. This process requires no manual intervention or remote configuration, greatly improving deployment and maintenance efficiency, reducing labor costs, and enabling three-phase energy meters to have adaptive and self-decision-making capabilities at the edge, meeting the requirements of smart grids for intelligent terminal equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a system structure block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. The function and arrangement of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.
[0033] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are open terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" mean "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other definitions, whether explicit or implicit, may be included below. Unless explicitly indicated by the context, the definition of a term shall remain consistent throughout the specification.
[0034] The identification system provided in this embodiment is integrated into the three-phase energy meter. When the three-phase energy meter is connected to the real power grid system (each line is electrically connected to the meter terminal), the system can automatically identify the current wiring mode and load the corresponding calibration parameter set, so that the three-phase energy meter can perform energy metering according to the identified wiring mode, ensuring the accuracy of the metering method and solving problems such as metering inaccuracy and power calculation errors.
[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a trigger module, an electrical feature acquisition module, an analysis and comparison module, and a metering parameter configuration module. These modules work together to automatically complete the identification and parameter configuration.
[0036] The trigger module automatically activates the wiring identification program at critical nodes, avoiding reliance on manual intervention. It supports multiple triggering scenarios, monitors the operating status of the three-phase energy meter, and activates the wiring topology identification program according to a preset triggering mechanism. The trigger module includes a power-on detection unit and a communication drive unit. When the energy meter is newly installed and powered on or restarted, and the microprocessor initialization is complete, the power-on detection unit automatically reads the enable parameters stored in the non-volatile memory (such as setting the "Power-on Detection Enable Switch" to 1). If enabled, the wiring topology identification program is immediately triggered. For example, after the energy meter is installed on-site and undergoes power-on initialization, if the "Power-on Detection Enable" is detected as 1, the identification process is automatically started. This ensures that the wiring mode is automatically calibrated during initial deployment, avoiding metering deviations caused by manual setting errors and improving deployment efficiency.
[0037] When the electricity meter successfully establishes a connection via a remote communication link (such as the master station system) or receives a parameter modification command (such as changing the rated voltage Un from 220V to 100V), the communication drive unit triggers a re-examination of the wiring topology identification program. This can dynamically adapt to grid upgrades or parameter adjustments, ensuring that the wiring mode is consistent with the latest configuration and reducing operation and maintenance costs. This multi-trigger mechanism ensures that the three-phase electricity meter can maintain real-time synchronization of the wiring mode and operating parameters throughout its entire life cycle (from initial deployment to subsequent configuration changes), eliminating the risk of omissions in manual configuration.
[0038] The electrical feature acquisition module is used to obtain the "fingerprint" feature vector of the current system through the collaboration of hardware sampling circuits and software calculation logic. Specifically, it is connected to the trigger module to obtain the multi-dimensional electrical features of the current power supply system and form a feature vector, which includes at least voltage amplitude features, phase spatial distribution features, and loop current features.
[0039] In this embodiment, a three-dimensional feature vector is used as an example, specifically including voltage amplitude features, phase spatial distribution features, and loop current features.
[0040] The electrical feature acquisition module acquires voltage amplitude features by measuring the instantaneous amplitudes of the three-phase voltages A, B, and C in real time through a voltage sampling circuit (such as a voltage divider resistor and an ADC), and calculating the effective values Ua, Ub, and Uc.
[0041] The specific method for acquiring phase spatial distribution characteristics is that the microprocessor calculates the angle between phase voltage vectors (such as ∠UaUb, ∠UaUc) based on the zero-crossing point of the voltage waveform or the FFT algorithm.
[0042] The electrical feature acquisition module includes a sampling circuit and a calculation logic unit; the sampling circuit is used to acquire the measured current of the neutral terminal; the calculation logic unit is used to synthesize the zero-sequence current based on the three-phase current vector.
[0043] The specific method for acquiring loop current characteristics is as follows: the neutral terminal current is directly sampled through a sampling circuit (with a current transformer as the core), and the effective value I of the neutral current is measured. n .
[0044] In another possible implementation, if it is difficult to directly measure the effective value of the neutral current I... n The electrical feature acquisition module then uses a computational logic unit to synthesize the zero-sequence current to replace the effective value I of the neutral current. n .
[0045] It is known that in a standard three-phase four-wire system, the neutral current may reach more than 1A; in a three-phase three-wire system, the neutral current is close to 0A. Therefore, the neutral current serves as a key criterion to effectively distinguish whether a physical neutral circuit exists, thus solving the problem of misjudgment in traditional methods when the load is unbalanced.
[0046] The analysis and comparison module is connected to the electrical feature acquisition module and has multiple pre-stored standard topology templates. These templates provide the basis for the execution of the three-dimensional fusion judgment logic. The three-dimensional fusion judgment logic includes three criteria, specifically:
[0047] Voltage amplitude matching logic is used to verify whether the measured voltages of the three independent voltage phases conform to the proportional range defined by the standard topology template.
[0048] Phase space distribution matching logic is used to verify whether the deviation between the phase-to-phase voltage vector angle and the standard value defined by the standard topology template is within the preset tolerance range;
[0049] The loop current state matching logic is used to determine whether a physical neutral loop exists based on the current characteristics of the neutral terminal.
[0050] Standard topology template type Standard three-phase four-wire system Three-phase three-wire system Special asymmetric three-phase four-wire system Ua proportional range 95%Un~105%Un 95%Un~105%Un 45%Un~55%Un Ub ratio range 95%Un~105%Un 0%Un~0.45%Un (0V~1V) 45%Un~55%Un Uc ratio range 95%Un~105%Un 95%Un~105%Un 81.6%Un~91.6%Un ∠UaUb tolerance range 105°~135° -2°~2° 255°~285° ∠UaUc tolerance range 225°~255° 285°~315° 165°~195° Neutral (zero-sequence) current characteristics <![CDATA[I n >I n_th ]]> <![CDATA[I n ≤I n_th ]]> <![CDATA[I n >I n_th ]]>
[0051] In this embodiment, an example table is provided containing three standard topology templates (standard three-phase four-wire system, three-phase three-wire system, and special asymmetrical three-phase four-wire system), where Un=220V; for voltages with theoretical phase voltages not equal to 0V, a proportional range of ±5% is set; for voltages with theoretical phase voltages of 0V, a range less than 1V is required, corresponding to a proportional range of 0.45%; for phase-to-phase voltage vector angles with a standard value of 0° under a specific template, a first preset tolerance range is set, which in this embodiment corresponds to [2°, 2°], i.e., -0°±2°; for phase-to-phase voltage vector angles with a standard value not equal to 0°, a second preset tolerance range is set, which in this embodiment corresponds to "standard value ±15°". It can be seen that the second preset tolerance range is always greater than the first preset tolerance range. This differentiated tolerance range setting method can improve the anti-interference capability of the system, prevent misidentification during voltage fluctuations, and accurately lock specific physical topologies.
[0052] For the characteristics of the neutral (zero-sequence) current, if I n >I n_th If so, it is determined that a neutral circuit exists (neutral wire connected, standard three-phase four-wire system), where I n_th The preset effective threshold for neutral current; if I n ≤I n_th If I is not found, it is determined that there is no neutral loop or no effective current. n_th As a trigger threshold, it is a relatively small value and can be flexibly set and adjusted.
[0053] As can be seen, based on the matching analysis between the multidimensional electrical feature vector and the above standard topology template, the judgment result of the current power supply system wiring mode can be output, that is, the actual wiring mode of the current power supply system can be successfully identified and the judgment result of the wiring mode can be output, which provides the prerequisite for the subsequent metering parameter configuration module to call the calibration parameter set.
[0054] Once the judgment result is output, the metering parameter configuration module immediately executes closed-loop control to ensure that the three-phase energy meter operates in the correct metering mode, thus ensuring the metering accuracy of each wiring mode.
[0055] The metering parameter configuration module is connected to the analysis and comparison module, and it has multiple calibration parameter sets pre-stored inside. The calibration parameter sets include voltage channel gain coefficients (such as A-phase gain 1.02), current channel gain coefficients, phase compensation factors (such as -0.5°), and power calculation coefficients (such as two-element method coefficients) that are bound to a specific standard topology template.
[0056] For example, after the system identifies a three-phase three-wire system, the metering parameter configuration module automatically loads the corresponding calibration parameter set, switches to two-element metering mode, automatically disables the B-phase power calculation, and adjusts the phase compensation to adapt to an environment without a neutral line.
[0057] In addition, in this embodiment, the metering parameter configuration module also includes a parameter locking unit. The parameter locking unit is used to control the three-phase energy meter to enter the parameter locking state after the calibration parameter set is successfully loaded, so as to maintain the stable operation of the current metering mode until the analysis and comparison module outputs a new judgment result.
[0058] The parameter locking unit can maintain metering stability and minimize the need for frequent parameter configuration changes caused by short-term voltage fluctuations, thereby improving metering continuity.
[0059] The following examples provide several specific wiring scenarios to further explain the identification process of this system.
[0060] Scenario 1 is: a three-phase three-wire connection is mistakenly made into a three-phase four-wire connection;
[0061] If an error occurs during on-site construction, such as connecting phase B of a three-phase three-wire system to the neutral terminal of the electricity meter, then after power-on, the system program will be activated to perform characteristic acquisition, measuring Ua=220V, Ub=0V, Uc=218V; ∠UaUb=1°, ∠UaUc=299°; I n =0.01A (≤I n_th I n_th (Default is 0.1A).
[0062] Comparative analysis was conducted, matching a three-phase three-wire template, Ub≈0V (satisfied), Ua / Uc within the proportional range, ∠UaUb≈0° (deviation 1°<2°), ∠UaUc≈300° (deviation 1°<15°), I n ≈0 (satisfied); that is, output the judgment result of "three-phase three-wire system".
[0063] Configure parameters, load the three-phase three-wire calibration parameter set, and lock the mode;
[0064] It is evident that this system can overcome the problem of existing methods misjudging a system as a four-wire system due to abnormal voltage in phase B.
[0065] Scenario 2 is: a special asymmetric three-phase four-wire system;
[0066] The old factory area uses a non-standard power supply system with Ua=Ub=110V and Uc=190V (Un=220V);
[0067] Feature acquisition was performed, and the values were measured as follows: Ua = 112V, Ub = 108V, Uc = 192V; ∠UaUb = 269°, ∠UaUc = 181°; I n =0.5A (>I) n_th I n_th (Default is 0.1A).
[0068] Configure parameters, load a dedicated calibration table parameter set, and lock the mode;
[0069] It is evident that this system can expand the applicable scenarios of electricity meters and solve the metering problems of non-standard systems.
[0070] Scenario 3 is: Dynamic Adaptation;
[0071] After the power grid was upgraded, the rated voltage Un was changed from 220V to 100V;
[0072] The communication driver unit in the trigger module detects the Un change and triggers the wiring topology identification program to re-examine;
[0073] Using the new rated voltage Un=100V as a benchmark, feature acquisition is performed again; and the matching template is matched according to the new benchmark to ensure accurate identification of the wiring mode, and the corresponding calibration parameter set is loaded. It can be seen that this system can achieve fully automatic dynamic adaptation, reduce manual intervention, and effectively improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of smart grid.
[0074] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.
Claims
1. A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics, characterized in that, include: The trigger module is used to monitor the operating status of the three-phase energy meter and activate the wiring topology identification program according to the preset trigger mechanism. An electrical feature acquisition module, connected to the triggering module, is used to acquire a multi-dimensional electrical feature vector of the current power supply system, wherein the feature vector includes at least voltage amplitude features, phase spatial distribution features, and loop current features. The analysis and comparison module is connected to the electrical feature acquisition module and has multiple standard topology templates pre-stored inside. It is used to match and analyze the multidimensional electrical feature vector with the standard topology templates, and output the judgment result of the current power supply system wiring mode based on the preset tolerance rules. The metering parameter configuration module is connected to the analysis and comparison module and has multiple calibration parameter sets pre-stored inside. It is used to receive the judgment result, automatically call and load the calibration parameter set corresponding to the standard topology template, and the calibration parameter set is used to control the three-phase energy meter to perform energy metering according to the identified wiring mode.
2. The three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard topology templates pre-stored in the analysis and comparison module include at least standard three-phase four-wire, three-phase three-wire, and special asymmetrical three-phase four-wire systems.
3. The three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering module includes: The power-on detection unit is used to trigger identification based on the stored enable parameters when the three-phase energy meter is initialized. The communication driver unit is used to trigger a re-examination of the wiring topology identification program after a remote communication link is successfully established or configuration parameters are changed.
4. The three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical feature acquisition module includes a sampling circuit and a calculation logic unit; the sampling circuit is used to acquire the measured current of the neutral terminal; the calculation logic unit is used to synthesize the zero-sequence current based on the three-phase current vector.
5. A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analysis and comparison module executes a three-dimensional fusion judgment logic: Voltage amplitude matching logic is used to verify whether the measured voltages of the three independent voltage phases conform to the proportional range defined by the standard topology template. Phase space distribution matching logic is used to verify whether the deviation between the phase-to-phase voltage vector angle and the standard value defined by the standard topology template is within the preset tolerance range; The loop current state matching logic is used to determine whether a physical neutral loop exists based on the current characteristics of the neutral terminal.
6. A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase space distribution matching logic is configured with different tolerance ranges: For the phase-to-phase voltage vector angle with a standard value of 0°, a first preset tolerance range is set; For the interphase voltage vector angle whose standard value is not 0°, a second preset tolerance range is set; The second preset tolerance range is greater than the first preset tolerance range.
7. A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calibration parameter set includes voltage channel gain coefficients, current channel gain coefficients, phase compensation factors, and power calculation coefficients bound to a specific standard topology template.
8. A three-phase energy meter wiring identification system based on multi-dimensional electrical characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that, The metering parameter configuration module includes a parameter locking unit. After successfully loading the calibration parameter set, the parameter locking unit controls the three-phase energy meter to enter the parameter locking state to maintain the stable operation of the current metering mode until the analysis and comparison module outputs a new judgment result.