All-solid-state battery pole piece preparation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery pole piece preparation, in particular to an all-solid-state battery pole piece preparation device. Comprising an unwinding mechanism, a dressing mechanism, a baking and sintering treatment mechanism and a winding mechanism; the dressing mechanism is arranged on the downstream portion of the unwinding mechanism, and the baking and sintering treatment mechanism is arranged on the downstream portion of the dressing mechanism and comprises a box body, a hot air assembly, a laser baking assembly and a laser sintering assembly, the box body is provided with an inlet and an outlet through which a pole piece passes; the hot air assembly is used for providing hot air into the box body; the laser baking assembly is used for baking the pole piece; the laser sintering assembly is used for sintering the solid electrolyte in the baked pole piece; and the winding mechanism is arranged at the downstream of the baking and sintering treatment mechanism. According to the invention, pole piece baking and solid electrolyte in-situ sintering densification can be synchronously realized on a continuous production line, solid-solid interface contact is improved, and interface impedance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery electrode preparation technology, and in particular to an apparatus for preparing all-solid-state battery electrodes. Background Technology

[0002] All-solid-state batteries are considered a key development direction for next-generation lithium batteries due to their high energy density and high safety. In the preparation of solid-state battery electrodes, regardless of whether a wet or dry process is used, the solid-solid interface contact remains a critical factor affecting battery performance. Existing electrode preparation equipment typically only performs coating and drying functions, making it difficult to effectively improve the interfacial contact between the solid electrolyte and electrode materials, resulting in high interfacial impedance. Furthermore, traditional drying methods such as hot air drying are inefficient and energy-intensive, producing electrodes with high porosity and insufficient density. This often necessitates subsequent isostatic pressing for high-pressure treatment to improve interfacial contact. However, isostatic pressing is time-consuming, requires high equipment investment, and is difficult to integrate into continuous production lines. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus to solve the technical problems of poor solid-solid interface contact, insufficient electrode density, and high drying energy consumption in the existing solid-state battery electrode preparation process.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, comprising: an unwinding mechanism, a coating mechanism, a baking and sintering treatment mechanism, and a winding mechanism. The unwinding mechanism is used to release the foil; The dressing mechanism is located downstream of the unwinding mechanism and is used to form an electrode coating on the surface of the foil. The baking and sintering processing mechanism is located downstream of the coating mechanism and includes a housing and a hot air assembly, a laser baking assembly, and a laser sintering assembly disposed within the housing. The housing has an inlet and an outlet for the electrode sheet to pass through. The hot air assembly supplies hot air into the housing. The laser baking assembly bakes the electrode sheet after the electrode coating is formed. The laser sintering assembly sinters the solid electrolyte in the baked electrode sheet. The winding mechanism is located downstream of the baking and sintering treatment mechanism and is used to wind up the electrode sheet after baking and sintering treatment.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the baking and sintering processing mechanism further includes a laser surface treatment component disposed within the housing, the laser surface treatment component being disposed downstream of the laser sintering component, for treating the surface of the sintered electrode sheet.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the laser surface treatment assembly includes at least one laser surface treatment module spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the baking and sintering processing mechanism further includes an exhaust gas treatment component, which is connected to the housing and is used to treat the gases generated during the baking process.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the hot air assembly includes an air inlet and a hot air blade, the air inlet being disposed on the housing, and the hot air blade being disposed inside the housing and facing the electrode. The housing is also provided with an air outlet connected to the exhaust gas treatment component or a return air outlet for gas circulation.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the laser baking assembly includes a plurality of laser baking modules spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction; The laser sintering assembly includes a plurality of laser sintering modules spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the dressing mechanism is one of a transfer coating mechanism, an extrusion coating mechanism, a double-layer coating mechanism, a multi-layer coating mechanism, or a dry extrusion mechanism.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, an unwinding and splicing platform, an unwinding correction device, and an unwinding tension roller are sequentially arranged along the conveyor path between the unwinding mechanism and the dressing mechanism.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a winding tension roller, a winding correction device, and a winding connection platform are sequentially arranged along the belt path between the winding mechanism and the baking and sintering treatment mechanism.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, multiple baking and sintering processing mechanisms are spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the technical advantages of the all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device provided by this invention are as follows: The present invention provides an all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, comprising: an unwinding mechanism, a coating mechanism, a baking and sintering treatment mechanism, and a winding mechanism; the unwinding mechanism is used to release foil; the coating mechanism is located downstream of the unwinding mechanism and is used to form an electrode coating on the surface of the foil; the baking and sintering treatment mechanism is located downstream of the coating mechanism and includes a housing and a hot air assembly, a laser baking assembly, and a laser sintering assembly disposed within the housing; the housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the electrode to pass through; the hot air assembly is used to provide hot air into the housing; the laser baking assembly is used to bake the electrode after the electrode coating is formed; the laser sintering assembly is used to sinter the solid electrolyte in the baked electrode; the winding mechanism is located downstream of the baking and sintering treatment mechanism and is used to wind the electrode after baking and sintering treatment.

[0015] By integrating the laser baking assembly and the laser sintering assembly into the same baking and sintering processing unit, and placing them after the coating mechanism and before the winding mechanism, a continuous electrode processing flow is formed. First, the laser baking assembly uses laser radiation to efficiently heat the electrode coating, significantly reducing energy consumption and improving baking efficiency compared to traditional hot air drying methods. Second, the laser sintering assembly performs laser sintering on the solid electrolyte in the baked electrode. The high energy density of the laser melts the solid electrolyte particles, causing them to connect after cooling, thus forming a dense structure inside the electrode. This effectively improves the interfacial contact between the solid electrolyte and the active material, reducing interfacial impedance. Therefore, electrode baking and in-situ sintering densification of the solid electrolyte can be achieved simultaneously on a continuous production line, eliminating the need for an additional isostatic pressing process or significantly reducing the pressure requirements of the isostatic pressing process, solving the problems of poor interfacial contact and complex processes in existing technologies.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the process before and after laser baking, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the wet material zone before laser baking provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dry material zone after laser baking, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the process before and after laser sintering, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the material zone before laser sintering provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the material zone after laser sintering provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the electrode before laser surface treatment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the electrode after laser surface treatment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, showing the direct one-step coating of an active material layer and an electrolyte layer using a double-layer coating technique. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the electrode obtained after laser baking, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the electrode obtained by laser sintering according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the electrode obtained after laser surface treatment, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Icons: 101-Unwinding mechanism; 102-Unwinding splicing platform; 103-Unwinding correction device; 104-Unwinding tension roller; 105-Painting mechanism; 106-Baking and sintering treatment mechanism; 107-Air inlet; 108-Hot air knife; 109-Outlet / return air outlet; 110-Exhaust gas treatment assembly; 111-Laser baking assembly; 112-Laser sintering assembly; 113-Laser surface treatment assembly; 114-Rewinding tension roller; 115-Rewinding correction device; 116-Rewinding splicing platform; 117-Rewinding mechanism; 201-Foil substrate before and after laser baking; 202-Laser... 203 - Wet material zone before laser baking; 204 - Laser baking module; 205 - Laser baking module spot; 206 - Dry material zone after laser baking; 207 - Foil substrate in wet material zone; 208 - Solvent in wet material zone; 209 - Active material layer in wet material zone; 210 - Solid electrolyte in wet material zone; 211 - Active material layer in dry material zone; 212 - Solid electrolyte in dry material zone; 301 - Foil substrate before and after laser sintering; 302 - Material zone before laser sintering; 303 - Laser sintering module; 304 - Laser sintering module spot; 305 - Material zone after laser sintering; 30 6- Foil substrate before laser sintering; 307- Active material layer in the material area before laser sintering; 308- Internal pore structure of the electrode; 309- Solid electrolyte in the material area before laser sintering; 310- Foil substrate after laser sintering; 311- Active material layer in the material area after laser sintering; 312- Molten solid electrolyte in the material area after laser sintering; 401- Foil substrate before laser surface treatment; 402- Material area before laser surface treatment; 403- Protruding defect; 404- Depression defect; 405- Thinned area; 406- Foil substrate after laser surface treatment; 407- Material area after laser surface treatment; 501- Coating 502 - Foil substrate after coating; 503 - Electrolyte layer after coating; 504 - Solvent; 505 - Foil substrate in the dry material zone after baking; 506 - Active material layer in the dry material zone after baking; 507 - Internal pore structure of the dry material zone after baking; 508 - Electrolyte layer in the dry material zone after baking; 509 - Foil substrate in the dry material zone after sintering; 510 - Active material layer in the dry material zone after sintering; 511 - Electrolyte layer in the dry material zone after sintering; 512 - Foil substrate in the dry material zone after surface treatment; 513 - Active material layer in the dry material zone after surface treatment; 514 - Electrolyte layer in the dry material zone after surface treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] The specific structure is as follows: Figures 1 to 13 As shown.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment provides an apparatus for preparing all-solid-state battery electrodes. The apparatus includes an unwinding mechanism 101, a coating mechanism 105, a baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106, and a winding mechanism 117.

[0027] The unwinding mechanism 101 is used to release the foil. The positive or negative foil is unwound by the unwinding mechanism 101, which typically includes an unwinding air shaft and a drive motor, and is able to unwind the foil roll and convey it forward according to a set tension.

[0028] Downstream of the unwinding mechanism 101, along the conveyor belt path, are sequentially arranged an unwinding splicing platform 102, an unwinding correction device 103, and an unwinding tension roller 104. The unwinding splicing platform 102 is used to splice new and old foil materials during roll changes, ensuring production continuity and avoiding downtime. The unwinding correction device 103 is used to detect and adjust the conveyor belt position of the foil material, employing ultrasonic or photoelectric correction methods to prevent the foil material from deviating during transport. The unwinding tension roller 104 is used to control the foil tension during the unwinding process, ensuring stable and flat conveyor belt movement.

[0029] The coating mechanism 105 is located downstream of the unwinding mechanism 101. After passing through the drive rollers, the unwinding splicing platform 102, the unwinding correction device 103, and the unwinding tension roller 104, the foil material reaches the coating mechanism 105. The coating mechanism 105 is used to form an electrode coating on the surface of the foil material. In this embodiment, the coating mechanism 105 adopts an extrusion coating mechanism, which uniformly extrudes the slurry onto the surface of the foil material through an extrusion die to form a wet film. The specific structure of the coating mechanism 105 includes components such as a feeding system, a die, and a back roller, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The baking and sintering processing unit 106 is located downstream of the coating unit 105, and includes a housing and a hot air assembly, a laser baking assembly 111, and a laser sintering assembly 112 disposed within the housing. The housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the electrode sheet to pass through. The electrode sheet enters the housing from the inlet, passes through each processing area in sequence, and exits from the outlet.

[0031] A hot air assembly is used to supply hot air into the chamber. The hot air assembly includes an air inlet 107 and a hot air knife 108. The air inlet 107 is located on the chamber and is used to introduce fresh air, which is heated by the heating pack to form hot air. The hot air knife 108 is located inside the chamber and faces the electrode, used to evenly blow hot air onto the electrode surface, serving to assist heating and accelerate solvent evaporation. The chamber also has an outlet / return air vent 109 for exhausting gases from the chamber or for recirculating the air. The outlet / return air vent 109 is connected to an external exhaust gas treatment assembly 110 to recover or treat solvents, byproduct gases, etc., generated during coating. Considering that sulfide electrolytes are sensitive to moisture and may react with oxygen at high temperatures, the introduced fresh air can be an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.

[0032] The laser baking assembly 111 is used to bake the electrode after the electrode coating has been formed. For example... Figure 2As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 201 before and after laser baking, the wet material area 202 before laser baking, the laser baking module 203, the laser spot 204 of the laser baking module, and the dry material area 205 after laser baking are clearly displayed. The laser baking module 203 uses an area array laser or a scanning laser, which can emit a laser beam onto the electrode surface. The laser spot 204 of the laser baking module covers the width direction of the electrode, ensuring uniform baking. Figure 3 As shown, the wet-area foil substrate 206, the wet-area solvent 207, the wet-area active material layer 208 composed of active material, conductive agent and binder, and the wet-area solid electrolyte 209 are illustrated. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 210 in the dry material zone, the active material layer 211 in the dry material zone, and the solid electrolyte 212 in the dry material zone are displayed. The main function of laser baking is to rapidly evaporate the solvent in the electrode coating, thereby achieving drying. After laser baking, the solvent in the electrode is completely removed, and the electrode material is dry. However, the particles are in a loose state, with a large number of pores, which is not conducive to the ionic and electronic conductivity of the battery.

[0033] The laser sintering assembly 112 is used to sinter the solid electrolyte in the baked electrode. For example... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 301 before and after laser sintering, the material area 302 before laser sintering, the laser sintering module 303, the laser spot 304 of the laser sintering module, and the material area 305 after laser sintering are illustrated. The laser sintering module 303 has a higher energy density than the laser baking module, enabling it to heat the solid electrolyte particles in the electrode coating to a molten state. Its laser spot 304 precisely covers the area to be sintered. Figure 6 As shown, it illustrates the foil substrate 306 before laser sintering, the active material layer 307 in the material zone before laser sintering, the internal porous structure 308 of the electrode, and the solid electrolyte 309 in the material zone before laser sintering. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 310 after laser sintering, the active material layer 311 in the material zone after laser sintering, and the molten solid electrolyte 312 in the material zone after laser sintering are displayed. After cooling, the molten electrolytes connect with each other and fill the pores between the active material particles, causing the solid electrolyte to melt and sinter, thereby forming a dense electrode structure and obtaining an electrode with lower porosity, higher density, better interfacial contact, and higher ionic conductivity.

[0034] The winding mechanism 117 is located downstream of the baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106 and is used to wind up the electrode sheets after baking and sintering. The winding mechanism 117 typically includes a winding air shaft and a drive motor, and is capable of winding the finished electrode sheets into a roll according to a set tension.

[0035] Along the conveyor belt path, a winding tension roller 114, a winding correction device 115, and a winding connection platform 116 are sequentially arranged between the winding mechanism 117 and the baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106. The winding tension roller 114 is used to control the electrode tension during the winding process to ensure neat and tight winding; the winding correction device 115 is used to adjust the winding position of the electrode to prevent winding deviation; the winding connection platform 116 is used to connect the old and new electrode sheets during roll changes to ensure continuous production.

[0036] The electrode sheet prepared using this embodiment omits the rolling and isostatic pressing processes. The finished battery is then produced through processes such as slitting, die-cutting, stacking, hot pressing, tab welding, encapsulation, formation, and capacity testing. In this embodiment, the battery capacity is 5Ah. The positive electrode uses ternary NCM811 material, the negative electrode uses silicon-carbon material, and the electrolyte uses LPSC sulfide solid electrolyte.

[0037] Example 2 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has the same structure as that in embodiment 1. The difference is that the baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106 also includes a laser surface treatment component 113 disposed in the box.

[0038] The laser surface treatment component 113 is located downstream of the laser sintering component 112 and is used to treat the surface of the sintered electrode. For example... Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 401 before laser surface treatment, the material area 402 before laser surface treatment, the protruding defect 403, the recessed defect 404, and the thinned area 405 are illustrated. These defects may affect the cross-sectional contact of the electrode to some extent, leading to a decrease in electrical performance. Figure 9 As shown, the laser-surfaced foil substrate 406 and the laser-surfaced material area 407 are illustrated. The laser surface treatment assembly 113 includes at least one laser surface treatment module that emits a laser beam toward the electrode surface, capable of melting or removing protruding defects, filling in depressions, or improving the flatness of the thinned area. After laser surface treatment, the electrode surface is smoother, which is beneficial for close contact between the electrode and the separator or counter electrode in subsequent processes, further improving battery performance.

[0039] Example 3 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2. The difference is that the laser surface treatment component 113 includes multiple laser surface treatment modules spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction. Each laser surface treatment module can be controlled independently to perform targeted treatment according to the location and degree of defects on the electrode surface. For example, for continuously occurring surface uneven areas, multiple modules can be used to process them collaboratively, improving processing efficiency and effect.

[0040] Example 4 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has the same structure as that in embodiment 1, except that the baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106 also includes an exhaust gas treatment component 110.

[0041] The exhaust gas treatment component 110 is connected to the housing, specifically through the outlet / return air vent 109. The exhaust gas treatment component 110 is used to treat the gases generated during the baking process, including solvent recovery and harmful gas purification. In wet process applications, a large amount of organic solvents such as NMP are volatilized during electrode baking; the exhaust gas treatment component 110 can recover these solvents, reducing production costs and environmental pollution. In applications using sulfide electrolytes, harmful gases may be generated during baking and sintering; the exhaust gas treatment component 110 can treat these gases to render them harmless, ensuring production safety.

[0042] Example 5 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has the same structure as that in embodiment 4, except for the specific setting of the hot air assembly.

[0043] The hot air assembly includes an air inlet 107 and a hot air blade 108. The air inlet 107 is located on the housing and is used to introduce fresh air. The hot air blade 108 is located inside the housing and faces the electrode, and is used to blow hot air evenly onto the surface of the electrode. The housing is also provided with an air outlet connected to the exhaust gas treatment assembly 110 or a return air outlet for gas recirculation. In this embodiment, the air outlet / return air outlet 109 has both air outlet and return air functions. A portion of the gas is led out to the exhaust gas treatment assembly 110 for treatment, and another portion of the gas is purified or dehumidified and recycled, forming a gas recirculation system, which is beneficial for energy saving and maintaining the stability of the environment inside the housing.

[0044] Example 6 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has a structure that is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the laser baking component 111 and the laser sintering component 112 are specifically configured.

[0045] The laser baking assembly 111 includes multiple laser baking modules spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction. In this embodiment, the laser baking assembly 111 includes two gradient laser baking modules, with the first laser baking module performing preliminary baking and the second laser baking module performing further drying. After laser baking, the solvent in the electrode is completely removed, and the electrode material is dry, but the particles are in a loose state, with a large number of porous structures.

[0046] The laser sintering assembly 112 includes multiple laser sintering modules spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction. In this embodiment, the laser sintering assembly 112 includes a laser in-situ sintering mechanism that uses high-energy laser sintering modules to melt and sinter the solid electrolyte of the electrode layer. After cooling, the electrolyte from the melted and sintered electrode becomes more dense, resulting in an electrode with lower porosity, higher density, better interfacial contact, and higher ionic conductivity.

[0047] Example 7 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has the same structure as that in embodiment 2, except for the specific type of the dressing mechanism 105.

[0048] In this embodiment, wet coating is replaced with a dry extrusion mechanism. In typical dry electrode processes, after extruding the raw material, the electrode needs to be rolled under high pressure to increase its density. In this embodiment, the coating mechanism 105 is a dry extrusion mechanism, which mixes the active material, solid electrolyte, and binder powder, and then uses the shearing and extrusion action of the extruder screw to fiberize the binder and form a self-supporting electrode film. The electrode film is then hot-pressed onto the foil surface. In this device, the electrode formed by the dry extrusion mechanism enters the baking and sintering treatment mechanism 106. The laser baking component 111 preheats the electrode, and the laser sintering component 112 performs in-situ sintering of the solid electrolyte, densifying the electrode. Alternatively, the dry-extruded raw material can be directly melt-sintered, simplifying the rolling process and significantly improving production efficiency. After in-situ sintering, the laser surface treatment component 113 treats the electrode surface, making it smoother, improving its flatness, and enhancing its electrical performance.

[0049] Example 8 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, which has the same structure as that in embodiment 2, except for the specific type of the dressing mechanism 105.

[0050] In this embodiment, the dressing mechanism 105 is a double-layer coating mechanism. For example... Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the coated foil substrate 501, the coated active material layer 502, the coated electrolyte layer 503, and the solvent 504 are illustrated. Figure 11 As shown, this illustrates the foil substrate 505 in the baked dry material zone, the active material layer 506 in the baked dry material zone, the internal porous structure 507 in the baked dry material zone, and the electrolyte layer 508 in the baked dry material zone. Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the foil substrate 509 in the sintered dry material zone, the active material layer 510 in the sintered dry material zone, and the electrolyte layer 511 in the sintered dry material zone are displayed. Figure 13As shown, the foil substrate 512 of the surface-treated dry material area, the active material layer 513 of the surface-treated dry material area, and the electrolyte layer 514 of the surface-treated dry material area are shown.

[0051] A double-layer wet film with both an active material layer and an electrolyte layer is obtained through a double-layer coating process. The solvent is dried using a laser baking assembly 111. Then, in-situ sintering is performed using a laser sintering assembly 112 to eliminate pores in the electrode and densify the electrode. Finally, the electrode surface is treated by a laser surface treatment assembly 113 to make the surface smoother, improving the electrode's flatness and electrical performance. This method is beneficial for the preparation of ultra-thin electrolyte coatings and can significantly improve the electrode-electrolyte interfacial contact, greatly enhancing the battery's rate performance.

[0052] Example 9 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 8, except that the coating mechanism 105 is a multi-layer coating mechanism. The multi-layer coating mechanism can simultaneously coat three or more layers of material, such as a gradient composition active material layer or a composite electrolyte layer, to meet different design requirements. After multi-layer coating, the electrode is also processed by the laser baking assembly 111, the laser sintering assembly 112, and the laser surface treatment assembly 113 to obtain a dense and smooth multi-layer electrode structure.

[0053] Example 10 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the coating mechanism 105 is a transfer coating mechanism. The transfer coating mechanism uses a coating roller to carry the slurry from the trough, then uses a metering roller to control the transfer amount, and finally transfers the slurry to the surface of the foil. This coating method is suitable for various slurry systems and has relatively low equipment cost.

[0054] Example 11 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, the difference being the number of baking and sintering processing mechanisms 106. In this embodiment, multiple baking and sintering processing mechanisms 106 are arranged at intervals along the electrode conveying direction. For example, two baking and sintering processing mechanisms 106 can be set up, respectively for processing positive and negative electrode sheets, or for multi-stage processing of the same electrode sheet. The series use of multiple baking and sintering processing mechanisms 106 can adapt to different process requirements and production cycles, improving the flexibility and capacity of the production line.

[0055] Example 12 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 4, the difference being the specific type of the exhaust gas treatment component 110. The exhaust gas treatment component 110 can be a condensation recovery device for recovering organic solvents; it can also be a combustion device or an adsorption device for treating harmful gases. The specific choice depends on the electrode material and the type of solvent.

[0056] Example 13 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 5, the difference being the specific setting of the gas circulation system. The return air inlet on the housing is connected to the air inlet through a pipe to form a gas circulation loop. A dehumidification device and a heating device are set in the loop to dehumidify and heat the circulating gas, realizing the recycling of hot air and reducing energy consumption.

[0057] Example 14 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the gas introduced into the hot air assembly is an inert gas. Considering that sulfide electrolytes are sensitive to moisture and may react with oxygen at high temperatures, the fresh air introduced into the hot air assembly is an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon to ensure that no side reactions occur in the solid electrolyte during baking and sintering.

[0058] Example 15 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference being the specific number of laser baking components 111. One to five laser baking components 111 can be designed inside the baking and sintering processing mechanism 106, utilizing their high electro-optical conversion efficiency and solvent heating efficiency to achieve low-power, high-efficiency electrode drying.

[0059] Example 16 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation device, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except for the specific number of laser sintering components 112. One to five laser sintering components 112 can be designed inside the baking and sintering processing mechanism 106. The high energy density of the laser can directly melt the solid electrolyte, and the electrode layer can be densified by the melting and sintering action of the molten electrolyte.

[0060] Example 17 This embodiment provides another all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, except for the specific arrangement of the laser surface treatment component 113. To address the potential issue of electrode surface flatness after sintering, the laser surface treatment component 113 is selectively added, which can effectively improve the flatness of the electrode surface.

[0061] The electrodes prepared using Examples 1 to 17 and the comparative examples were assembled into batteries, and performance tests were conducted. Comparative Example 1 used a traditional wet coating process with a traditional oven structure. After coating, a traditional hot air drying process was used to prepare the battery electrodes. The finished battery was then prepared through processes such as rolling, slitting, die-cutting, stacking, hot pressing, tab welding, encapsulation, isostatic pressing, formation, and capacity testing. Comparative Example 2 used a dry process to prepare the battery electrodes. The finished battery was prepared through processes such as slitting, die-cutting, stacking, hot pressing, tab welding, encapsulation, isostatic pressing, formation, and capacity testing.

[0062] The rate performance and cycle stability of the battery were tested. Rate performance was tested using a 1C current density to assess discharge performance and observe the battery's capacity retention. Cycle stability was tested using a 0.2C current density, and the battery's capacity retention was observed after 200 cycles.

[0063] Test results show that the batteries assembled using the electrodes prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention have better rate performance and cycle stability than the comparative examples. Among them, Example 8 uses a double-layer coating to simultaneously coat the active material layer and the electrolyte layer, and undergoes laser baking, laser sintering and laser surface treatment, resulting in the best interfacial contact, thus achieving the most significant improvement in rate performance and cycle stability.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing all-solid-state battery electrodes, characterized in that, include: The unwinding mechanism (101), the dressing mechanism (105), the baking and sintering treatment mechanism (106), and the winding mechanism (117) are included. The unwinding mechanism (101) is used to release the foil; The dressing mechanism (105) is located downstream of the unwinding mechanism (101) and is used to form an electrode coating on the surface of the foil. The baking and sintering treatment mechanism (106) is located downstream of the coating mechanism (105), and includes a housing and a hot air assembly, a laser baking assembly (111), and a laser sintering assembly (112) disposed within the housing. The housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the electrode sheet to pass through. The hot air assembly is used to supply hot air into the housing. The laser baking assembly (111) is used to bake the electrode sheet after the electrode sheet coating is formed. The laser sintering assembly (112) is used to sinter the solid electrolyte in the baked electrode sheet. The winding mechanism (117) is located downstream of the baking and sintering treatment mechanism (106) and is used to wind up the electrode sheet after baking and sintering treatment.

2. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baking and sintering processing mechanism (106) further includes a laser surface treatment component (113) disposed in the housing. The laser surface treatment component (113) is disposed downstream of the laser sintering component (112) and is used to process the surface of the sintered electrode sheet.

3. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser surface treatment assembly (113) includes at least one laser surface treatment module spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction.

4. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baking and sintering processing mechanism (106) also includes an exhaust gas treatment component (110), which is connected to the housing and is used to treat the gas generated during the baking process.

5. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hot air assembly includes an air inlet (107) and a hot air blade (108). The air inlet (107) is disposed on the housing, and the hot air blade (108) is disposed inside the housing and faces the electrode. The housing is also provided with an air outlet or a return air outlet for gas circulation connected to the exhaust gas treatment assembly (110).

6. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The laser baking assembly (111) includes a plurality of laser baking modules (203) spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction. The laser sintering assembly (112) includes a plurality of laser sintering modules (303) spaced apart along the electrode conveying direction.

7. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The dressing mechanism (105) is one of a transfer coating mechanism, an extrusion coating mechanism, a double-layer coating mechanism, a multi-layer coating mechanism, or a dry extrusion mechanism.

8. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, An unwinding and tape-connecting platform (102), an unwinding and correction device (103), and an unwinding tension roller (104) are sequentially arranged along the conveyor path between the unwinding mechanism (101) and the dressing mechanism (105).

9. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The winding mechanism (117) and the baking and sintering treatment mechanism (106) are sequentially arranged along the conveyor path with a winding tension roller (114), a winding correction device (115), and a winding connection platform (116).

10. The all-solid-state battery electrode preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The baking and sintering processing mechanism (106) is provided in multiple ways at intervals along the electrode conveying direction.

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