Germanium-silicon photoelectric detector array-based global self-defined sampling method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, in particular to a global self-defined sampling method based on a germanium-silicon photoelectric detector array, which comprises the following steps of: S1, constructing the germanium-silicon photoelectric detector array with an n * t specification, receiving a target optical signal by using each detector unit as a pixel point, converting the target optical signal into an initial current signal, the signal is linearly amplified into a voltage signal through an external transimpedance amplifier; s2, digitalizing the voltage signal into a binary discrete digital signal through a high-speed analog-to-digital converter at the output end of the trans-impedance amplifier; and S3, performing global synchronous sampling to obtain a first group of data, performing repeated sampling in the same mode to obtain multiple groups of data, performing pixel-by-pixel superposition to generate fused data, and performing user-defined setting on the repeated sampling frequency within 1-1024 times. By customizing the number of repeated sampling times and data superposition, adapting to different light intensities and expanding the detection dynamic range, the problems of strong light overexposure and weak light underexposure are solved, the data consistency is guaranteed in combination with global synchronous sampling, and the detection precision and the environmental adaptability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photoelectric detection technology, and in particular relates to a global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional germanium-silicon photodetectors are mostly single-detection units with limited spectral response ranges, capable of detecting only specific wavelengths. This makes them unsuitable for multi-band signal acquisition in broad-spectrum scenarios. While some broad-spectrum improvement schemes extend the response range through structural design, they do not address dynamic range optimization for array applications. In large-scale germanium-silicon photodetector arrays, existing arrays employ fixed signal preprocessing and sampling strategies, resulting in limited dynamic range. They are prone to overexposure in strong light and underexposure in weak light, leading to signal distortion and making it difficult to adapt to the high-precision detection requirements under varying light intensities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector arrays to solve the problems of existing arrays having fixed signal preprocessing and sampling strategies, limited dynamic range, and being prone to overexposure in the face of strong light signals and underexposure in the face of weak light signals, resulting in signal distortion and difficulty in adapting to the high-precision detection requirements under different light intensity environments.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows: A global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector arrays includes the following steps: S1. Construct an n×t germanium-silicon photodetector array, where n is the number of array columns and t is the number of array rows. Each germanium-silicon photodetector unit in the array serves as an independent pixel, used to receive the target light signal and convert it into an initial current signal. Connect an external transimpedance amplifier to each germanium-silicon photodetector unit to convert the initial current signal into a voltage signal and linearly amplify the voltage signal. S2. Connect a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to the output of each transimpedance amplifier. The high-speed analog-to-digital converter samples, holds, quantizes, and encodes the amplified voltage signal to obtain a binary discrete digital signal. S3. Perform global synchronous sampling on all the pixels to obtain a first set of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order; repeatedly sample the same target light signal using the same global synchronous sampling method to obtain multiple sets of binary discrete data; superimpose the multiple sets of binary discrete data one by one according to the pixels to generate fused data; wherein, the number of repeated samplings can be customized within the range of 1 to 1024 times.

[0005] Furthermore, the amplification factor of the transimpedance amplifier is set according to the intensity of the initial current signal to ensure that the amplified voltage signal meets the acquisition requirements of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter.

[0006] Furthermore, the sampling rate of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter is matched with the optical signal response rate of the germanium-silicon photodetector unit to achieve real-time digital conversion of the target optical signal.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S3, the first group of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order is denoted as {x}. ij}, where i represents the row number of the pixel, j represents the column number of the pixel, and x ij This represents the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where the value of i is in the range of 1 ≤ i ≤ t, and the value of j is in the range of 1 ≤ j ≤ n.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, the second set of binary discrete data obtained by repeated sampling is denoted as {y}. ij}, where y ij Let represent the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where i ranges from 1 to i to t, and j ranges from 1 to j to n; the fused data after superimposing the two sets of data is {x}. ij +y ij}

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the number of repeated samplings is determined based on the power of the target optical signal: when the power of the target optical signal is high, fewer repeated samplings are selected; when the power of the target optical signal is low, more repeated samplings are selected.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, after superimposing multiple sets of binary discrete data, the value of the fused data increases with the number of samplings, so as to cover a wider range of target optical signal power.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, the number of repeated samplings is an integer power of 2.

[0012] Furthermore, in the germanium-silicon photodetector array, the spectral response range of each germanium-silicon photodetector unit is consistent to ensure consistent response to the same target optical signal.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: By constructing a germanium-silicon photodetector array and configuring transimpedance amplifiers for each germanium-silicon photodetector unit for signal preprocessing, combined with a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to achieve signal digitization, and by using global synchronous sampling for all pixels and repeating the same target light signal 1 to 1024 times using the same global synchronous sampling method, multiple sets of binary discrete data are then superimposed pixel by pixel to generate fused data, allowing the value of the fused data to be flexibly adjusted according to the number of repeated samplings. At the same time, fewer repeated samplings are selected in strong light scenes to avoid signal overexposure and saturation, while more repeated samplings are selected in weak light scenes to enhance signal strength and avoid underexposure and loss. This breaks through the limitations of the fixed sampling strategy of existing arrays, effectively expands the detection dynamic range, and solves the problems of fixed signal preprocessing and sampling strategies, limited dynamic range, easy overexposure in strong light signals and underexposure in weak light signals, resulting in signal distortion and difficulty in adapting to the high-precision detection requirements under different light intensity environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a global custom sampling method based on a germanium-silicon photodetector array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the invention are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the invention with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined to form various implementations. Furthermore, the order of the steps or actions in the method description can be changed or adjusted in a manner readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are merely for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a mandatory order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a global custom sampling method based on a germanium-silicon photodetector array, including the following steps: S1. Construct an n×t germanium-silicon photodetector array, where n is the number of array columns and t is the number of array rows. Each germanium-silicon photodetector unit in the array is used as an independent pixel to receive the target light signal and convert it into an initial current signal. Connect an external transimpedance amplifier to each germanium-silicon photodetector unit to convert the initial current signal into a voltage signal and then linearly amplify the voltage signal.

[0021] Furthermore, the amplification factor of the transimpedance amplifier is set according to the strength of the initial current signal to ensure that the amplified voltage signal meets the acquisition requirements of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter.

[0022] When the target optical signal power is high (strong light scenario), the initial current signal strength output by the germanium-silicon photodetector unit is large. In this case, the amplification factor of the transimpedance amplifier is set to a low value to avoid the amplified voltage signal exceeding the input range of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter, which would cause signal saturation. When the target optical signal power is low (weak light scenario), the initial current signal output by the detector unit is weak. In this case, the amplification factor of the transimpedance amplifier is set to a high value. Through linear amplification, the weak voltage signal reaches the effective acquisition threshold of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter, ensuring that the signal can be accurately quantized and encoded.

[0023] Meanwhile, the bandwidth of the transimpedance amplifier is matched with the optical signal response rate of the germanium-silicon photodetector unit to avoid signal distortion due to insufficient bandwidth, and to ensure that the amplified voltage signal completely retains the original characteristics of the target optical signal, providing a reliable signal foundation for subsequent digital conversion and data fusion.

[0024] S2. Connect a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to the output of each transimpedance amplifier. The high-speed analog-to-digital converter samples, holds, quantizes, and encodes the amplified voltage signal to obtain a binary discrete digital signal.

[0025] Furthermore, the sampling rate of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter is matched with the optical signal response rate of the germanium-silicon photodetector unit to achieve real-time digital conversion of the target optical signal.

[0026] The response rate of a germanium-silicon photodetector unit to a target optical signal is determined by its material properties and structural design, with the corresponding equivalent bandwidth of the target optical signal being the reciprocal of the response time. To ensure real-time capture of the dynamic changes in the target optical signal, the sampling rate of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) should be no less than twice the equivalent bandwidth of the target optical signal, and in practical applications, it can preferably be set to 3 to 5 times the equivalent bandwidth of the target optical signal. This matching design avoids both the loss of high-frequency components and waveform distortion of the optical signal due to excessively low sampling rates, and the waste of hardware resources caused by excessively pursuing high sampling rates, ensuring that sampling efficiency and data accuracy are balanced while achieving real-time digital conversion.

[0027] S3. Perform global synchronous sampling on all pixels to obtain the first set of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order; repeatedly sample the same target light signal using the same global synchronous sampling method to obtain multiple sets of binary discrete data; superimpose the multiple sets of binary discrete data pixel by pixel to generate fused data; the number of repeated samplings can be customized from 1 to 1024 times, and the number of repeated samplings is an integer power of 2.

[0028] Furthermore, the first group of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order is denoted as {x}. ij}, where i represents the row number of the pixel, j represents the column number of the pixel, and x ij Let {y} represent the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where i ranges from 1 to 1 and j ranges from 1 to 1 and n respectively. The second set of binary discrete data obtained by repeated sampling is denoted as {y}. ij}, where "the second set of binary discrete data" is one of "multiple sets of binary discrete data", y ij Let represent the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where i ranges from 1 to 1 and j ranges from 1 to 1 and n respectively; the fused data after superimposing the two sets of data is {x}. ij +y ij}

[0029] Specifically, the first group of binary discrete data arranged in row-column order can be represented as {x 11 x 12 x 13 …x 1n …x 21 x 22 …x tn}, where each data item is uniformly represented by {x ij In summary, 1≤i≤t, 1≤j≤n, where i corresponds to the row number of the pixel, j corresponds to the column number of the pixel, and x... ij This represents the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column. The second set of binary discrete data obtained by repeated sampling is arranged in the same row-column order as {y}. 11 y 12 y 13 …y 1n …y 21 y 22 …y tn}, all data items are uniformly represented by {y ij In summary, where 1≤i≤t, 1≤j≤n, and y ij With x ij The row and column correspondences are completely consistent. When the two sets of data are superimposed one by one according to their corresponding pixels, the principle of "adding data in the same row and column" is followed, and the generated fused data is {x11 +y 11 x 12 +y 12 x 13 +y 13 …x 1n +y 1n …x 21 +y 21 x 22 +y 22 …x tn +y tn All merged data items are uniformly represented by {x}. ij +y ij In summary, this precise overlay logic of "adding data in the same row and column" ensures that each set of repeatedly sampled data is perfectly aligned with the first set of data in terms of pixel position, avoiding signal misalignment caused by the mixing and overlay of pixel data from different rows and columns. For scenarios where the number of repeated samples is an integer power of 2 (such as 4, 8, 16, 32... up to 1024 times). Especially when the number of repeated samplings is an integer power of 2 (such as 4, 8, 16, 32... up to 1024 times), multiple sets of data obtained from subsequent samplings can be superimposed and fused sequentially according to the same row-column order and alignment principle. This superposition method not only adapts to the core design of custom sampling times, but also enhances the identifiability of weak light signals through the accumulation of multiple sets of data, while avoiding saturation of strong light signals due to excessive superposition. This effectively solves the signal distortion problem under different light intensity environments and improves the accuracy and reliability of detection data.

[0030] The above technical solution involves constructing a germanium-silicon photodetector array and configuring transimpedance amplifiers for each germanium-silicon photodetector unit for signal preprocessing. Combined with a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, signal digitization is achieved. Global synchronous sampling is applied to all pixels, and the same target light signal is repeatedly sampled 1 to 1024 times using the same global synchronous sampling method. Multiple sets of binary discrete data are then superimposed pixel by pixel to generate fused data, allowing the value of the fused data to be flexibly adjusted according to the number of repeated samplings. Simultaneously, fewer repeated samplings are selected in strong light scenarios to avoid signal overexposure and saturation, while more repeated samplings are selected in weak light scenarios to enhance signal strength and avoid underexposure and signal loss. This overcomes the limitations of existing arrays' fixed sampling strategies, effectively expanding the detection dynamic range. It solves the problems of existing arrays having fixed signal preprocessing and sampling strategies, limited dynamic range, and susceptibility to overexposure in strong light and underexposure in weak light, leading to signal distortion and difficulty in adapting to high-precision detection requirements under different light intensities.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S3, the number of repeated samplings is determined based on the power of the target optical signal: when the power of the target optical signal is high, fewer repeated samplings are selected; when the power of the target optical signal is low, more repeated samplings are selected.

[0032] By adjusting the number of repeated samplings as needed, combined with the logic of precisely superimposing multiple sets of data in the same row and column, this design avoids overexposure distortion caused by excessive data superposition leading to signal values ​​exceeding the effective range when the target light signal power is high (strong light scene), allowing for the acquisition of a clear and stable signal with only a small number of samples. Conversely, when the target light signal power is low (weak light scene), the superposition of multiple sets of data accumulates signal strength, compensating for the weakness and susceptibility to noise interference of a single sampled signal, and preventing signal loss due to underexposure. Ultimately, this achieves adaptive adaptation to target light signals of different power, effectively overcoming the bottleneck of limited dynamic range under traditional fixed sampling strategies, ensuring accurate and reliable fused data output under various light intensity environments, and meeting the requirements of high-precision detection.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S3, after superimposing multiple sets of binary discrete data, the value of the fused data increases with the number of samplings, so as to cover a wider range of target optical signal power.

[0034] By incorporating a design that adjusts the number of repeated samplings as needed, when the target light signal power is low, increasing the number of samplings gradually accumulates and increases the value of the fused data, amplifying signals that were originally too weak to be detected to the effective detection range and avoiding underexposure. When the target light signal power is high, reducing the number of samplings controls the value of the fused data within a reasonable range, preventing the signal from becoming saturated and overexposed due to excessive superposition. This linkage of "number of samplings adjustment and value adaptation" allows the detection system to flexibly cover a wide power range from weak to strong light, breaking the limitations of the signal adaptation range restricted by the traditional fixed sampling mode, and significantly improving the system's adaptability and detection flexibility in complex light intensity environments.

[0035] In some embodiments, the spectral response range of each germanium-silicon photodetector unit in the germanium-silicon photodetector array is consistent to ensure consistent response to the same target optical signal. This consistency design, combined with global synchronous sampling and precise row-column superposition logic, ensures that the response data of the same target optical signal at different pixels is comparable and uniform. The fused data after superposition can truly restore the spatial distribution characteristics of the target optical signal, without signal distortion or artifacts caused by abnormal response of local units, further improving the reliability and accuracy of the detection data.

[0036] Furthermore, global synchronous sampling is achieved through a synchronization control signal, which simultaneously triggers all germanium-silicon photodetector units, transimpedance amplifiers, and high-speed analog-to-digital converters. This unified synchronization control signal eliminates the timing differences between devices, ensuring that all pixels complete the entire process of target optical signal reception, current-to-voltage conversion, and digital encoding at the same time, avoiding the problem of inconsistent sampling times for different pixels in traditional pixel-by-pixel / line-by-line sampling modes. This synchronous triggering design ensures that all {x} in the same set of sampled data... ij} or {y ij The corresponding data slices are all from the same time period of the target light signal, avoiding spatial misalignment of the signal due to sampling time differences. Especially for dynamically changing target light signals, this effectively prevents distortion where some pixels correspond to the state of the target light signal at one moment and others to the state at the next moment, ensuring the temporal consistency of the data for each pixel. Combined with the spectral response consistency design of each detector unit and the precise stacking logic of the same row and column, the final fused data output can not only realistically restore the spatial distribution of the target light signal, but also accurately retain its dynamic characteristics in the temporal dimension, further improving the spatiotemporal synchronization accuracy of high-precision detection and imaging.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A global custom sampling method based on a germanium-silicon photodetector array, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct an n×t germanium-silicon photodetector array, where n is the number of array columns and t is the number of array rows. Each germanium-silicon photodetector unit in the array serves as an independent pixel, used to receive the target light signal and convert it into an initial current signal. Connect an external transimpedance amplifier to each germanium-silicon photodetector unit to convert the initial current signal into a voltage signal and linearly amplify the voltage signal. S2. Connect a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to the output of each transimpedance amplifier. The high-speed analog-to-digital converter samples, holds, quantizes, and encodes the amplified voltage signal to obtain a binary discrete digital signal. S3. Perform global synchronous sampling on all the pixels to obtain a first set of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order; repeatedly sample the same target light signal using the same global synchronous sampling method to obtain multiple sets of binary discrete data; superimpose the multiple sets of binary discrete data one by one according to the pixels to generate fused data; wherein, the number of repeated samplings can be customized within the range of 1 to 1024 times.

2. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplification factor of the transimpedance amplifier is set according to the strength of the initial current signal to ensure that the amplified voltage signal meets the acquisition requirements of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter.

3. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling rate of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter is matched with the optical signal response rate of the germanium-silicon photodetector unit to achieve real-time digital conversion of the target optical signal.

4. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the first group of binary discrete data arranged in pixel order is denoted as {x}. ij }, where i represents the row number of the pixel, j represents the column number of the pixel, and x ij This represents the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where the value of i is in the range of 1 ≤ i ≤ t, and the value of j is in the range of 1 ≤ j ≤ n.

5. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the second set of binary discrete data obtained by repeated sampling is denoted as {y}. ij }, where y ij Let represent the sampled data of the pixel in the i-th row and j-th column, where i ranges from 1 to i to t, and j ranges from 1 to j to n; the fused data after superimposing the two sets of data is {x}. ij +y ij } 6. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the number of repeated samplings is determined based on the power of the target optical signal: when the power of the target optical signal is high, fewer repeated samplings are selected; when the power of the target optical signal is low, more repeated samplings are selected.

7. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after superimposing multiple sets of binary discrete data, the value of the fused data increases with the number of samplings, so as to cover a wider range of target optical signal power.

8. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the number of repeated samplings is an integer power of 2.

9. The global custom sampling method based on germanium-silicon photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the germanium-silicon photodetector array, the spectral response range of each germanium-silicon photodetector unit is consistent to ensure consistent response to the same target optical signal.

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