A method for measuring high-frequency resonant current characteristics

Abstract

The application discloses a high-frequency resonant current characteristic measurement method and relates to the technical field of high-frequency electric characteristic measurement, and comprises the following steps: detecting a transient trigger signal and pausing power driving to create a measurement interval; in the measurement interval, passively collecting a natural ringing signal of a load, determining a current measurement paradigm in a passive ringing analysis paradigm and an active probe measurement paradigm based on the amplitude characteristics of the signal; and performing corresponding measurement actions according to the current measurement paradigm. The application realizes adaptive switching of the measurement paradigm by introducing a window environment diagnosis step before measurement, and solves the technical contradiction that the active probe is easily polluted by ringing and the passive measurement is easily invalid due to signal depletion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a high-frequency resonant current characteristic measurement method, belonging to the technical field of high-frequency electrical characteristic measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the current ultrasonic device system operation, the real-time measurement of high-frequency resonant current characteristics is relied on to realize power regulation and load state monitoring. The existing electrical measurement methods, such as the technology based on phase-locked integration or frequency domain analysis, are effectively operated on the premise that the resonant current signal model is stable. In order to improve the load adaptability, the existing technology tries to optimize the circuit topology and driving strategy, for example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117505224A discloses an ultrasonic transducer driving circuit, which builds an LCC-S resonant compensation network combined with phase-shifted PWM control, uses the constant current and constant voltage characteristics of the resonant topology to suppress the overvoltage of the no-load voltage, and solves the problem of load impedance fluctuation matching and stability of the driving circuit, but this kind of compensation technology path based on circuit model still relies on the continuous high-frequency resonant signal itself as the measurement and feedback cornerstone, and essentially still depends on the circuit topology parameters to maintain within the preset model.

[0003] However, in the actual work of the ultrasonic device, strong transient events such as mechanical stall occur frequently, causing the current waveform to produce severe and non-resonant distortion, and the high-frequency resonant signal itself has deviated from the original stable model in physics, so that the technical premise of the above-mentioned measurement method relying on the stable model no longer exists, resulting in distorted or failed measurement results at this time, and the system cannot obtain electrical parameters during the key transient stage.

[0004] Therefore, how to avoid passive analysis of invalid signals under the working condition that strong transient events cause the high-frequency resonant signal model to fail, and actively obtain the real electrical characteristic parameters of the load during the transient period, has become a technical problem to be solved by the present application. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems raised in the background art, the technical solution of the present application is as follows: a high-frequency resonant current characteristic measurement method, comprising:

[0006] Step 101, transient detection step, for real-time monitoring of the waveform derivative characteristics of the high-frequency resonant current, and generating a transient trigger signal when the waveform derivative characteristics exceed a preset transient threshold; obtaining a steady-state feature for measuring the steady-state fundamental amplitude of the high-frequency resonant current during the steady-state period when no transient trigger signal is generated ; wherein the preset transient threshold is a dynamic transient threshold; the dynamic transient threshold is calculated by the following method: , wherein is a dimensionless relative safety factor, The resonant frequency of the ultrasonic device load is the transient trigger signal generated when the waveform derivative characteristics exceed the dynamic transient threshold.

[0007] Step 102, Measurement Window Creation Step, is used to pause the high-frequency resonant power drive of the ultrasonic device in response to a transient trigger signal, and to create a measurement interval without high-frequency resonant drive. The ultrasonic device has a load.

[0008] Step 103, Window Environment Diagnosis Step, is used to passively acquire the natural ringing signal of the load during the diagnostic sub-cycle of the measurement interval, and determine the current measurement paradigm between the passive ringing analysis paradigm and the active probe measurement paradigm based on the amplitude characteristics of the natural ringing signal.

[0009] Step 104, the adaptive measurement execution step, is used when the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the passive ringing analysis paradigm, to execute the acquisition of the ringing attenuation waveform of the natural ringing signal; to extract the first characteristic parameter based on the attenuation rate of the ringing attenuation waveform; when the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the active probe measurement paradigm, to execute the injection of a preset probe signal into the load; to acquire the time-domain response of the load to the probe signal; and to extract the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response; and based on the first characteristic parameter or the second characteristic parameter, to achieve a quantitative characterization of the electrical characteristics of the ultrasonic device load under the transient event corresponding to the transient trigger signal, as a criterion for subsequent power adjustment or load status monitoring.

[0010] Preferably, in step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is lower than the preset silence threshold, the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the active probe measurement paradigm; in the adaptive measurement execution step, the probe signal is a DC voltage step signal; the step of extracting the second characteristic parameter based on the time domain response specifically includes: acquiring the current time domain response generated by the load to the DC voltage step signal; and determining the instantaneous purely resistive parameter of the load based on the initial peak value of the current time domain response.

[0011] Preferably, in step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is higher than a preset effective threshold, the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the passive ringing analysis paradigm; and the step of extracting the first characteristic parameter based on the attenuation rate of the ringing attenuation waveform specifically includes: measuring the logarithmic ratio of the amplitudes of adjacent peaks of the ringing attenuation waveform to determine the logarithmic attenuation rate; and determining the equivalent resistance of the load based on the logarithmic attenuation rate.

[0012] Preferably, in step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is between the preset silent threshold and the preset effective threshold, it is determined to be a contaminated state; the adaptive measurement execution step is used to abandon the measurement action during the measurement interval and output the measurement invalid state.

[0013] Preferably, when the current measurement paradigm is determined to be an active probe measurement paradigm, the probe signal is a linear voltage ramp signal; the step of extracting the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response specifically includes: acquiring the current time-domain response waveform generated by the load in response to the linear voltage ramp signal; determining the resistance characteristic parameter of the load based on the slope component of the current time-domain response waveform; determining the capacitance characteristic parameter of the load based on the DC bias component of the current time-domain response waveform, wherein the resistance characteristic parameter and the capacitance characteristic parameter constitute the second characteristic parameter.

[0014] Preferably, in step 104, the high-frequency noise component in the ringing attenuation waveform is analyzed to obtain noise characteristic indicators; based on the noise characteristic indicators, the physical cause type of the transient event is determined, including arc discharge and mechanical stall.

[0015] Preferably, in step 104, the high-frequency noise components in the time-domain response are analyzed to obtain noise characteristic indicators; based on the noise characteristic indicators, the physical cause type of the transient event is determined, including arc discharge and mechanical stall.

[0016] Preferably, in step 101, when the waveform derivative feature first exceeds the preset transient threshold, a preset transient verification period is initiated; within the preset transient verification period, the waveform derivative feature is continuously monitored; and when the waveform derivative feature still exceeds the preset transient threshold at the end of the preset transient verification period, a transient trigger signal is generated.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes: pre-storing a standard time-domain response model of the load of the health ultrasound device to the probe signal under no-load conditions; and in step 104, when extracting the second characteristic parameter, calculating the residual signal between the time-domain response and the standard time-domain response model; and determining the health status of the load based on the energy of the residual signal.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. In the measurement of high-frequency resonant current characteristics of ultrasonic devices, the instantaneous over-limit of waveform derivative characteristics is used as the basis for transient detection, and the high-frequency resonant power drive is immediately suspended. In the early stage of a strong transient event, within a time much smaller than the complete resonant period, a measurement interval without drive interference is actively created. This method of triggering and actively stopping resonance based on instantaneous characteristics allows subsequent measurement actions to be ahead of traditional measurement methods based on period integration or transformation in time. This avoids the limitation of performing hysteresis analysis only after the transient has fully evolved and the signal model has completely failed, and provides a time prerequisite for obtaining the load characteristics at the moment of transient occurrence.

[0020] 2. During the established measurement interval, a non-resonant active probe signal is injected, and the time-domain response waveform of the load to the probe is acquired. This core mechanism change transforms the measurement action from passively analyzing the out-of-control high-frequency resonant signal to actively observing the response of a probe signal with a known and simplified form. The object of measurement is fundamentally changed, avoiding the technical problems of attempting to perform model fitting or frequency domain analysis on the high-frequency resonant signal itself during strong transients.

[0021] 3. An inseparable temporal causal and functional synergy relationship is established among the three steps of transient detection, drive suspension, and active detection. The purpose of suspending the drive is no longer the traditional safety shutdown, but a necessary means to actively serve electrical measurement. By stopping the high-frequency drive, interference from high-frequency resonant signals is eliminated for the subsequent probe injection step, ensuring that the time-domain feature sampling step obtains a pure physical response to the known probe, so that the measurement results truly reflect the electrical characteristics of the load under transient conditions. In a specific implementation, a DC voltage step is used as the probe signal, and the initial peak value of the current response is collected to determine the instantaneous pure resistive parameters of the load. This parameter extraction method based on the transient physical response of the circuit has low computational complexity, fast response speed, and matches the microsecond-level time scale of the measurement interval itself. By abandoning complex frequency domain transformations and locking the resistive parameters characterizing key transient events such as electric arcs through clearly oriented time-domain feature sampling, the unity of measurement simplicity and information criticality is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transient detection and adaptive execution process of the measurement method of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 2 The logical guarantee architecture and causal analysis diagram for the reliability of transient detection results of the ultrasonic device of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware system module composition and signal interaction principle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] This invention discloses a method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 101, Transient Detection Step.

[0028] This step is used to monitor the waveform derivative characteristics of the high-frequency resonant current in real time and generate a transient trigger signal when the characteristics are abnormal. In the measurement practice of ultrasonic devices, the key technical problem is to distinguish physical transients, such as electric arcs and mechanical stalls, from the transient high-frequency noise or glitch interference commonly found in the measurement link; the former has physical continuity, while the latter has low energy and extremely short duration.

[0029] To address this issue, a temporal composite verification mechanism is preferred in this step, and the implementation procedure is as follows:

[0030] First, monitoring systems such as DSPs or FPGAs acquire current signals through high-frequency sampling, taking a sampling rate of 20MHz as an example. And calculate its first derivative in real time. .

[0031] Second, Value and preset transient threshold Compare them.

[0032] Third, in The value exceeded for the first time Instead of immediately generating a transient trigger signal, a preset, extremely short transient verification cycle is initiated. , It can be set to 500ns.

[0033] Fourth, here During the period, the system continuously monitors value.

[0034] Fifth, only when At the end of the cycle, The value is still greater than When this occurs, the system determines it to be a transient event with physical continuity and ultimately generates the transient trigger signal; if Value at If the value falls below the threshold within the cycle, the system determines this to be an isolated glitch interference, automatically resets, and does not generate a trigger signal.

[0035] Normal steady-state fundamental amplitude when an ultrasound device operates under different tissues and power conditions The range of variation is extremely large, leading to normal The value also fluctuates accordingly. A fixed transient threshold may fail due to insufficient sensitivity at low power. To address this measurement challenge, the preset transient threshold is preferably a dynamic transient threshold. The implementation procedure is as follows:

[0036] During the steady-state period when no transient trigger signal is generated, the measurement system continuously measures the steady-state fundamental amplitude of the high-frequency resonant current using inherent steady-state measurement algorithms, such as phase-locked integration or FFT. Dynamic transient threshold Real-time calculation and updates are performed using the following methods: ,in This is a dimensionless relative safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 5, and can be set to 3.0 through offline calibration. The resonant frequency of the ultrasonic device load, expressed in seconds. -1 ;this Used for comparison and judgment in step 101, so that the scale of transient detection always matches the current background, achieving adaptive sensitivity under all operating conditions.

[0037] Step 102, Measurement Window Creation Steps.

[0038] This step is used in response to the transient trigger signal generated in step 101. Once the signal is confirmed, the system's power control module immediately suspends the high-frequency resonant power drive of the ultrasonic device, such as by turning off the gate signal of the drive power transistor, such as a MOSFET or IGBT. The cessation of the high-frequency resonant drive physically creates a measurement interval free from interference from the high-frequency resonant drive source, the duration of which is 5... s to 50 Taking s as an example, it supports subsequent measurement actions. This step is to clear the interference source for measurement.

[0039] Step 103, Window Environment Diagnosis Steps.

[0040] This step is the decision-making stage. During the measurement interval created in step 102, the system faces an uncertain measurement environment: the load mainly consists of transducers, which may still store a large amount of energy, generating strong natural ringing signals; or they may completely exhaust the energy due to transient events such as strong electric arcs, resulting in a silent state. The technical problem of measurement is that if active probes are injected without considering ringing, the measurement results will be contaminated; if passive ringing is forcibly analyzed without considering silence, the measurement will fail due to signal exhaustion.

[0041] To solve this measurement problem, the implementation procedure for this step is as follows:

[0042] After the start of the measurement interval, the system defines an extremely short diagnostic sub-cycle as described in the previous two. s; During this sub-cycle, the measurement system, such as a high-speed ADC, performs purely passive acquisition, acquiring the voltage or current signal at the load end, and it is strictly forbidden to inject any active probes; The system calculates the amplitude characteristics of the acquired natural ringing signal in real time, such as calculating this 2 Peak-to-peak value within s period Or signal energy.

[0043] The decision-making logic is based on this amplitude characteristic, and performs a three-state decision by comparing it with two preset thresholds:

[0044] Decision Logic 1: If the amplitude characteristic is higher than the preset effective threshold ,like A value >1V indicates that the signal energy is sufficient and the signal-to-noise ratio is high, making it suitable for passive analysis; the current measurement method is determined to be passive ringing analysis.

[0045] Decision Logic 2: If the amplitude characteristic is lower than the preset silence threshold ,like A value <0.1V indicates that the window is quiet and the energy has been depleted. Performing active probe injection at this time will not result in contamination; the system determines that the current measurement mode is active probe measurement mode.

[0046] Decision logic 3: If the amplitude characteristic is between and Between, such as 0.1V If the signal is 1V, it is considered a contaminated state; in this state, the signal is neither sufficient for passive analysis nor sufficient to contaminate the response of the active probe.

[0047] Step 104, Adaptive Measurement Execution Steps.

[0048] Based on the current measurement method determined in step 103, this step executes the corresponding measurement action:

[0049] Scenario 1: When the current measurement method is determined to be passive ringing analysis: The system performs passive measurement: During the remaining time of the measurement interval, the measurement system ADC continuously acquires the ringing attenuation waveform of the natural ringing signal; the analysis module DSP extracts the first characteristic parameter based on the attenuation rate of the ringing attenuation waveform. One specific implementation is that the DSP measures the amplitude of adjacent peaks of the ringing attenuation waveform using a peak detection algorithm. and The logarithmic ratio is used to determine the logarithmic decay rate. ,Right now Based on the principle of the oscillating circuit, this logarithmic decay rate Equivalent resistance of the load That is, it is directly proportional to the first characteristic parameter, and is calculated as follows. value;

[0050] Scenario 2: When the current measurement mode is determined to be active probe measurement mode: The system performs active measurement: The probe signal source immediately injects a preset probe signal into the load; the measurement system ADC collects the load's time-domain response to the probe signal; the analysis module DSP extracts the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response.

[0051] One example of a probe is a DC stepper: the injected probe signal is a DC voltage step signal, such as a jump from 0V to 5V; the measurement system acquires the time-domain response of the current generated by the load; according to the transient circuit principle, the initial peak value of the current response... Determined by the purely resistive component, i.e. Therefore, the analysis module determines this initial peak value. The instantaneous purely resistive parameters of the load can then be calculated. As a second characteristic parameter; another probe example is a linear ramp: the injected probe signal is a linear voltage ramp signal. ,in Given a known slope; the measurement system acquires the time-domain response waveform of the current generated by the load. Based on circuit principles, taking the parallel RC model as an example, The analysis module needs to process the collected data. The waveform is linearly fitted, and two features are extracted simultaneously: the DC bias component based on the current time-domain response waveform, i.e., the intercept. Determine the capacitance characteristics of the load. Based on the slope component of the current time-domain response waveform, i.e., the slope Determine the resistance characteristics of the load. Scenario 3: When the diagnostic step determines that the system is in a contaminated state: the system performs a safe exit: the measurement system abandons all measurement actions during the measurement interval.

[0052] While extracting characteristic parameters during measurement, this method can also perform diagnostics in parallel, providing richer information: One diagnostic method is used to identify the cause: regardless of whether it is a passive ringing analysis method or an active probe measurement method, the analysis module can analyze the high-frequency noise components in the acquired waveform, ringing attenuation waveform, or time-domain response in parallel to obtain noise characteristic indicators; the diagnostic logic determines the physical cause type of the transient event based on these noise characteristic indicators. The principle is that arc discharge itself is an unstable broadband noise source, and the noise characteristic indicators are high; while mechanical stall is a physical obstacle, and the noise characteristic indicators are very low. Another diagnostic method is used to determine the health status: this diagnostic method is specifically for active probe measurement. The system pre-stores the load of a healthy ultrasound device. Taking a brand-new ultrasound device as an example, the standard time-domain response model of the probe signal under no-load conditions is used. Extract the second characteristic parameter from the measurement module. or Simultaneously, the diagnostic module calculates the currently acquired time-domain response. Compared with the standard time-domain response model residual signals between The diagnostic logic is based on the energy of the residual signal, such as calculation. The residual signal is used to determine the health status of the ultrasonic device under load; a very low energy residual signal indicates that the ultrasonic device is healthy, while a very high energy residual signal indicates that the ultrasonic device may have characteristic drift, such as aging or microcracks.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment illustrates a specific application of the disclosed method under a particular measurement condition. This condition is defined as a strong electric arc discharge occurring on the load of the ultrasonic device. During this transient discharge, most of the energy stored in the transducer is depleted. Under this condition, during system operation, the strong arc causes a drastic jump in the high-frequency resonant current waveform. The value instantaneously exceeds the steady-state fundamental wave amplitude. and relative safety factor Calculated dynamic transient threshold The temporal composite verification mechanism in transient detection step 101 confirms that... The out-of-limit state during a 500ns transient verification period The event persists within the range and is therefore identified as a transient event, generating a transient trigger signal. In response to this signal, measurement window creation step 102 immediately pauses the high-frequency resonant power drive, creating a measurement interval. Window environment diagnosis step 103 occurs within the initial diagnosis sub-cycle of the measurement interval, i.e., the first two... s, performing purely passive signal acquisition; due to the energy depletion caused by the strong electric arc, the amplitude characteristics of the natural ringing signal acquired by the measurement system are... The voltage is only 0.05V, which is below the preset silent threshold. Based on the diagnostic judgment of 0.1V, the system determines that the current measurement window is in a silent state, and the passive ringing analysis method is not feasible under this condition due to signal loss. Therefore, in the adaptive measurement execution step 104, the system automatically switches to the active probe measurement mode. The system immediately performs active measurement, injecting a 5V DC voltage step signal into the confirmed silent load. The measurement system acquires the current time-domain response of the load to the DC voltage step signal. This response is not affected by the ringing signal because the window is silent. The analysis module extracts the initial peak value from the response waveform. The current is 4.9A, a characteristic that directly corresponds to the purely resistive nature of the load; the analysis module is based on Based on the circuit principle, the second characteristic parameter and the instantaneous purely resistive parameter are calculated. Approximately 1.02 This parameter is output to the control system as a quantitative representation of this strong arc short circuit event.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment verifies the technical effectiveness of the combined window environment diagnosis step and adaptive measurement execution step in the method of the present invention compared to a single fixed measurement method through a measurement comparison experiment. The experimental platform is constructed as follows: a standard ultrasonic device is used to test the host, and the host measurement system has complete logic for executing the method of the present invention, including transient detection, window creation, window environment diagnosis, and adaptive measurement execution capabilities; the high-speed ADC sampling rate in the measurement system is set to 50MHz, and the DSP processor is used to execute the diagnostic and analysis algorithms in real time; the preset effective threshold in the window environment diagnosis step... Set to 1V peak-to-peak value, preset silent threshold. The peak-to-peak value is set to 0.1V; the active probe measurement method uses a 5V DC voltage step signal; the passive ringing analysis method uses the logarithmic decay rate method to calculate the equivalent resistance.

[0057] Two operating conditions were set up in the experiment to simulate different electrical environments of the ultrasonic device load after a transient event: Condition A, simulating a state of abundant energy: simulating a slight mechanical stall or the instant the drive has just stopped, the circuit is pre-charged to allow the load to naturally ring the initial peak signal during the measurement interval. Maintaining at 2.5V, the true value of the load equivalent resistance corresponding to this ringing signal is calibrated to 50.0V. Condition B, simulating energy depletion state: Simulating a strong arc discharge as in Example 1, which depletes energy, causing the load to naturally ring during the measurement interval. At only 0.05V, the load exhibits low impedance due to the arc plasma channel, and the true value of the equivalent resistance is calibrated to 1.0. The experiment consisted of three measurement groups: Control Group 1, purely passive measurement: a fixed measurement method was used, regardless of the operating conditions, always executing passive ringing analysis, forcibly acquiring window signals and calculating their logarithmic attenuation rate; Control Group 2, purely active measurement: a fixed measurement method was used, regardless of the operating conditions, without performing diagnostics, and a 50°C threshold was set during the measurement interval. Immediately after s starts, inject a 5V DC voltage stepping probe and collect the response to calculate the initial peak resistance; Test group of this invention: Using the complete measurement method disclosed in this invention, first execute the window environment diagnosis step, and then adaptively switch between passive ringing analysis mode or active probe measurement mode according to the diagnosis result; Under the two working conditions, run three measurement groups respectively, repeat the measurement 50 times and record the measurement results. See Table 1 for the comparison test results of measurement modes.

[0058]

[0059] Experimental data shows that under condition A with abundant energy, control group 1, being purely passive, had better signal quality and more accurate measurements. Control group 2, being purely active, had its probe signal contaminated by a strong 2.5V natural ringing signal. The measurement system's ADC acquired a superimposed waveform of the probe response and ringing attenuation, and the analysis module could not separate the probe's initial peak value, leading to a measurement result of 3.8. With the true value 50.0 The measurement failed due to a significant deviation. Under condition B, where energy was depleted, control group 2, operating purely actively, achieved accurate measurements due to a quiet window. However, control group 1, operating purely passively, attempted to analyze a weak signal with an amplitude of only 0.05V. This signal was submerged in the background noise of the measurement system, causing the logarithmic decay rate calculation to fail and resulting in invalid data (185.7). The measurement also failed; in the test group of this invention, under operating condition A, the window environment diagnostic step 103 detected a strong signal of 2.5V higher than the standard value. The decision logic determined that the passive ringing analysis method was appropriate. The system automatically prohibited the injection of active probes and instead executed passive ringing analysis, yielding a result of 50.1. The measured value; in operating condition B, window environment diagnostic step 103 detected a weak signal of 0.05V, lower than the measured value; The decision logic determines that the active probe measurement mode is selected. The system switches and injects an active probe, obtaining a value of 1.0 in a quiet window. The measured values; the test results show that the method of the present invention, through the adaptive switching mechanism of diagnosis first and measurement later, avoids the failure or contamination problem of a single measurement method under specific working conditions, and can obtain reliable measurement parameters under both working conditions.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] This embodiment combines Figs. 1 to 3 A method for measuring the characteristics of a high-frequency resonant current is described, such as... Fig. 1 As shown, the measurement method executes step 101, the transient detection step, by monitoring the waveform derivative characteristics and transient triggering, and performing dynamic transient threshold calculation based on the steady-state fundamental wave amplitude update safety factor in the side path to provide... This generates a transient trigger signal, which in turn triggers step 102, the measurement window creation step. By pausing the high-frequency resonant power drive to create a drive-free interference interval, the process proceeds to step 103, the window environment diagnosis step. After passively acquiring the natural ringing signal and determining the measurement paradigm based on the amplitude characteristics, a signal amplitude characteristic judgment is performed. If the signal is higher than the effective threshold... The current measurement paradigm is determined to be passive ringing analysis. The ringing attenuation waveform is acquired and the attenuation rate is calculated to extract the equivalent resistance. If the signal is below the silence threshold... The current measurement paradigm is determined to be active probe measurement. Preset step or ramp probe signals are injected and resistance and capacitance characteristic parameters are extracted based on the time domain response. During active measurement, the comparison with the standard model and the calculation of the residual signal health status diagnosis can be performed in parallel. Finally, the load electrical characteristic parameters including the first characteristic parameter R or the second characteristic parameter R, C, as well as the physical cause and health status are output.

[0062] like Fig. 2 As shown, the logical structure of this method is a causal architecture pointing to the reliability of transient measurement results of the ultrasonic device. The transient detection mechanism branch includes waveform derivative feature monitoring, dynamic threshold safety factor, and time-domain composite verification for de-straining. The window creation and control branch involves creating interference-free intervals and pausing power drive. The environmental diagnosis logic branch covers passive acquisition of natural ringing, amplitude feature judgment, and pollution status identification. The adaptive measurement execution branch specifically includes high-frequency noise cause determination, active probe injection with stepping or ramping, and passive attenuation rate analysis. Fig. 3 As shown, the system hardware architecture consists of a measurement and control host, a measurement interface, and an ultrasonic device system execution terminal. The central processing unit (DSP or FPGA) in the measurement and control host runs transient detection logic, window environment diagnosis logic, adaptive measurement execution logic, parameter extraction and diagnosis module, and measurement window creation logic. It reads and writes non-volatile memory containing a standard time-domain response model. The host is connected to the measurement interface, which includes a high-speed ADC and probe signal source, through a control and data link. This interface is responsible for injecting probe signals into the load transducer and ultrasonic device at the ultrasonic device system execution terminal and receiving signal acquisition of natural ringing or time-domain response. After receiving a pause drive command, the power control module at the ultrasonic device system execution terminal controls the circuit containing the drive power transistor to stop outputting high-frequency resonant power drive, thereby completing the measurement cycle.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] This embodiment is used to determine a standardized engineering calibration procedure for key decision thresholds in the method of the present invention. This procedure is executed before the measurement system leaves the factory or after replacing key components such as the ultrasonic device, to eliminate the uncertainty of threshold setting and to determine the preset silent threshold in the window environment diagnosis step 103. With preset effective threshold The calibration system was performed with the drive completely off, the load connected, and the environment silent. The measurement system's ADC continuously acquired data 1000 times at a sampling rate of 50MHz, with each measurement window containing 2 data points. Given the background noise signal s, calculate the peak noise level for each window. The statistical average value of the background noise was obtained. 0.01V and standard deviation The voltage is 0.015V; to ensure the reliability of the silent decision, Set as The threshold value is 0.1V, which covers most noise fluctuations. The calibration system uses the lowest driving energy, such as driving the resonant period, and stops immediately after exciting the load. The measurement system collects the natural ringing signal generated at this time, and the analysis module evaluates and performs passive ringing analysis, such as the logarithmic decay rate method, to determine the minimum signal-to-noise ratio required. Taking 20dB in engineering practice, which is 10 times the signal amplitude of the noise, as an example, the preset effective threshold value is... Set as That is, 1.0V, to ensure that the system only switches to passive ringing analysis mode when the signal quality is sufficient to support the analysis.

[0065] This calibration procedure is used to determine the dynamic transient threshold in transient detection step 101. relative safety factor The calibration system drives the ultrasonic device load at several typical steady-state power points, such as 20W, 50W, and 100W, and the measurement system records the corresponding steady-state fundamental amplitude during stable operation. These represent 1.0A, 2.5A, 4.0A, and the maximum value of the waveform derivative. 0.3V / s, 0.7V / s、1.2V / The calibration system simulates a critical arc transient with the lowest energy, which must be detected, at the load end using a controlled ignition device. The measurement system repeatedly triggers this critical arc under different operating conditions and measures the minimum value of the waveform derivative at this time. The measured value was 10.5V / s; The value setting balances the two constraints of preventing false alarms and preventing false alarms, that is... It must be greater than the ratio under all normal operating conditions. ,and The ratio must be less than the critical failure value. .

[0066] Example 5

[0067] This embodiment describes the specific algorithm implementation procedure for cause diagnosis. This procedure is used to extract noise characteristic indicators from the acquired waveforms to distinguish between the two physical cause types: arc discharge and mechanical stall. This algorithm procedure acquires the time-domain waveform in the adaptive measurement execution step 104. The waveform was called later. It can be a passively acquired ringing attenuation waveform or the time-domain response of an active probe, with the number of sampling points being [number missing]. The algorithm's input also includes the waveform's main frequency. If it is a ringing attenuation waveform, Let its oscillation frequency be 55kHz. If it is the time-domain response of a DC stepping probe, then... The value is 0; the algorithm procedure is as follows: Step 1, filter setting: the algorithm determines the filter based on the input. Set the cutoff frequency of the digital high-pass filter. ; The setting logic is as follows: Should be higher than The goal is to filter out the main energy components, but the frequency should be below the characteristic frequency band of arc noise, which is typically in the MHz range; the specific setting rules are... ,in For fixed protection bandwidth, 100kHz; if ,but ;like ,but The second step is high-pass filtering: the algorithm filters the input waveform. High-frequency noise signal is obtained by passing through a high-pass filter. The third step is energy calculation: algorithm calculation. The root mean square (RMS) energy, which is the desired noise characteristic metric. The calculation method is as follows: Fourth step, determine the output: the algorithm will calculate the... With the preset noise threshold Compare; if The algorithm determines that the physical cause of the transient event is arc discharge; if The algorithm determined it to be a mechanical stall; among which the noise threshold Similarly, through calibration procedures, the calibration system reproduces the mechanical stall and arc discharge transients under controlled conditions. The measurement system calculates the noise characteristic indicators of both using steps one through three of the aforementioned algorithm to obtain the noise energy of the mechanical stall. The noise energy of 0.02 VRMS and arc discharge It is 0.85VRMS. Set between the two, such as taking the geometric mean. Approximately 0.13 VRMS, distinguishing between two physical origins.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This embodiment describes the calibration procedure used to solve the standard time-domain response model. The issue of baseline establishment; in engineering practice, the electrical characteristics of ultrasonic devices from different batches or models, under healthy no-load conditions, will also exhibit manufacturing tolerances, making a fixed standard time-domain response model impossible. The inability to match all individuals poses a technical challenge to health diagnostics. To eliminate the impact of this tolerance, this procedure is performed when the system is first used with a new, confirmed healthy load: the system is placed in baseline calibration mode by the operator, and the load is kept under no-load conditions; in this mode, the system does not require transient trigger signals but automatically or in response to operator commands, with a preset number of repetitions. For example, the active probe injection step is repeated to inject into the unloaded load. The probe signal is either a DC voltage step signal or a linear voltage ramp signal; the measurement system acquires it accordingly. Group time-domain response waveforms, to The analysis module analyzes this. The time-domain response waveforms of the group are subjected to a signal averaging algorithm, namely... The average waveform with a high signal-to-noise ratio is calculated; this average waveform is stored in non-volatile memory and determined as a standard time-domain response model specifically for this load or batch. This calibrated model reflects the baseline characteristics of the current load and is used to calculate the residual signal in subsequent health diagnosis steps.

[0070] Example 7

[0071] This embodiment describes a calibration procedure used to determine the key parameters and thresholds relied upon in the transient detection step 101 and the window environment diagnosis step 103 before the measurement system is deployed. This calibration procedure is used to determine the threshold of the window environment diagnosis step 103. The measurement system is connected to a passive calibration load with known impedance, and 1000 data acquisitions are continuously performed with the drive completely stopped. The background noise signal of the diagnostic sub-cycle is analyzed; the statistical average of the background noise is calculated from all sampling points. 0.01V, standard deviation The voltage is 0.015V; a preset silence threshold is used to reliably reject noise fluctuations. Set as The calculated value is 0.1V. The calibration system injects an adjustable-amplitude analog ringing signal through an arbitrary waveform generator. The measurement system executes a passive ringing analysis algorithm at different injected amplitudes, compares the calculated resistance value with the true value of the calibration load, and presets an effective threshold. The minimum signal amplitude required to ensure that the measurement error is stable and less than a specific tolerance, such as 2%, is calibrated to be 1.0V.

[0072] This calibration procedure is then used to determine the transient verification cycle of transient detection step 101. On the same test platform, the measurement system monitors transient glitches introduced by external interference sources such as relay switches, and records the maximum duration for which the amplitude of such glitches exceeds a threshold using a high-speed oscilloscope. 300ns; Set as This calibration procedure, at 1.5 times the current, or 450 ns, filters out isolated glitches; it is ultimately used to determine the dynamic transient threshold. Relative safety factor The calibration system drives the load at multiple steady-state power points, and measures and records the maximum derivative ratio during normal operation. The measured value is 1.1; the calibration system then simulates the critical arc fault with the lowest energy through a controlled ignition device, and measures and records the minimum derivative ratio at this time. The measured value is 3.5; Value set in range Within this procedure, the following is selected The threshold determined by this calibration , With G0D1R parameters , It is stored in the measurement system as a basis for subsequent measurement decisions.

[0073] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current, characterized in that, include: Step 101, the transient detection step, is used to monitor the waveform derivative characteristics of the high-frequency resonant current in real time, and generate a transient trigger signal when the waveform derivative characteristics exceed a preset transient threshold; and to acquire steady-state characteristics, used to measure the steady-state fundamental amplitude of the high-frequency resonant current during the steady-state period when no transient trigger signal is generated. The preset transient threshold is a dynamic transient threshold; the dynamic transient threshold... Calculated in the following way: ,in It is a dimensionless relative safety factor. The resonant frequency of the ultrasonic device load is used to generate the transient trigger signal when the waveform derivative characteristics exceed the dynamic transient threshold. Step 102, Measurement Window Creation Step, is used to pause the high-frequency resonant power drive of the ultrasonic device in response to a transient trigger signal, and to create a measurement interval without high-frequency resonant drive. The ultrasonic device has a load. Step 103, Window Environment Diagnosis Step, is used to passively acquire the natural ringing signal of the load during the diagnostic sub-cycle of the measurement interval, and determine the current measurement paradigm between the passive ringing analysis paradigm and the active probe measurement paradigm based on the amplitude characteristics of the natural ringing signal. Step 104, the adaptive measurement execution step, is used when the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the passive ringing analysis paradigm, to execute the acquisition of the ringing attenuation waveform of the natural ringing signal; to extract the first characteristic parameter based on the attenuation rate of the ringing attenuation waveform; when the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the active probe measurement paradigm, to execute the injection of a preset probe signal into the load; to acquire the time-domain response of the load to the probe signal; and to extract the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response; and based on the first characteristic parameter or the second characteristic parameter, to achieve a quantitative characterization of the electrical characteristics of the ultrasonic device load under the transient event corresponding to the transient trigger signal, as a criterion for subsequent power adjustment or load status monitoring.

2. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is lower than the preset silence threshold, then the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the active probe measurement paradigm. In the adaptive measurement execution step, the probe signal is a DC voltage step signal; The steps for extracting the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response specifically include: acquiring the current time-domain response of the load to the DC voltage step signal; Based on the initial peak value of the current time-domain response, the instantaneous purely resistive parameters of the load are determined.

3. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is higher than the preset effective threshold, the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the passive ringing analysis paradigm; and the step of extracting the first characteristic parameter based on the attenuation rate of the ringing attenuation waveform specifically includes: measuring the logarithmic ratio of the amplitudes of adjacent peaks of the ringing attenuation waveform to determine the logarithmic attenuation rate; and determining the equivalent resistance of the load based on the logarithmic attenuation rate.

4. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 103, if the amplitude characteristic of the natural ringing signal is between the preset silent threshold and the preset effective threshold, it is determined to be a contaminated state; the adaptive measurement execution step is used to abandon the measurement action during the measurement interval and output the measurement invalid state.

5. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the current measurement paradigm is determined to be the active probe measurement paradigm, the probe signal is a linear voltage ramp signal; The steps for extracting the second characteristic parameter based on the time-domain response specifically include: acquiring the current time-domain response waveform generated by the load in response to the linear voltage ramp signal; determining the resistance characteristic parameter of the load based on the slope component of the current time-domain response waveform; determining the capacitance characteristic parameter of the load based on the DC bias component of the current time-domain response waveform, wherein the resistance characteristic parameter and the capacitance characteristic parameter constitute the second characteristic parameter.

6. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 104, the high-frequency noise component in the ringing attenuation waveform is analyzed to obtain noise characteristic indicators; Based on noise characteristic indicators, the physical cause type of transient events is determined, including electric arc discharge and mechanical stall.

7. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 104, the high-frequency noise components in the time-domain response are analyzed to obtain noise characteristic indicators; Based on noise characteristic indicators, the physical cause type of transient events is determined, including electric arc discharge and mechanical stall.

8. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 101, when the waveform derivative feature first exceeds the preset transient threshold, a preset transient verification period is initiated; within the preset transient verification period, the waveform derivative feature is continuously monitored. If the waveform derivative characteristics still exceed the preset transient threshold at the end of the preset transient verification period, a transient trigger signal is generated.

9. The method for measuring the characteristics of high-frequency resonant current according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: pre-storing a standard time-domain response model of the load of the health ultrasound device to the probe signal under no-load conditions; and in step 104, when extracting the second characteristic parameter, calculating the residual signal between the time-domain response and the standard time-domain response model; and determining the health status of the load based on the energy of the residual signal.

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