Mobile terminal

Abstract

The invention provides a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal comprises an antenna system, the antenna system comprises a first control switch, a first main radiator and a second main radiator, the first main radiator and the second main radiator can be used for forming a composite antenna, and therefore an impedance matching circuit coupled with the first main radiator can be switched through the first control switch. According to the composite antenna, the signal impedance phase of the first main radiating body is adjusted by adjusting the signal impedance phase of the first main radiating body, so that a plurality of phase states are provided for the first main radiating body by utilizing different impedance matching designs, a plurality of signal phase differences are formed between the first main radiating body and the second main radiating body, and the directional diagram of the composite antenna is adjustable. Therefore, by adopting the design scheme of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided by the invention, the diversity of the directional diagram of the antenna system is improved, so that the communication performance of the antenna system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the widespread use of smartphones, people have increasingly higher requirements for mobile terminals, especially for their communication capabilities.

[0003] Antenna systems are a crucial component for mobile terminal communication, and the radiation pattern is one of the factors affecting the communication connection speed and stability of the antenna system. Beamforming is a technique that utilizes complementary antenna radiation patterns to improve beam coverage and beam gain. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in anti-interference and anti-channel fading. Since the antennas used for beamforming collectively form the radiation pattern, analyzing the factors influencing the radiation pattern allows for adjustments to the pattern based on the specific communication scenario's requirements for beam coverage and beam gain. This enhances the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern and ultimately improves the communication performance of the mobile terminal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The mobile terminal provided in this application improves the communication performance of the mobile terminal by increasing the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern to enhance the beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a mobile terminal, which includes an antenna system comprising a radio frequency (RF) chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, a first RF front-end module, a power divider / phase shifter (PDP) network, a first control switch, a first impedance matching circuit, and a second impedance matching circuit. The RF chip is coupled to the PDP network through the first RF front-end module, and the RF chip can feed first RF signals to the first and second main radiators respectively through the first RF front-end module and the PDP network. Furthermore, the PDP network is coupled to the first control switch, the first impedance matching circuit is coupled to the first main radiator through a first control port of the first control switch, and the second impedance matching circuit is coupled to the first main radiator through a second control port of the first control switch. Thus, the first control switch can be used to control the PDP network to couple to the first main radiator through either the first or second impedance matching circuit. The first and second impedance matching circuits are different.

[0006] In the mobile terminal provided in this application, the antenna system includes two or more antennas supporting the same frequency band. These two or more antennas can be used to form a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system or can be switched according to the communication scenario. Typically, the radiation patterns of the two or more antennas supporting the same frequency signal are complementary to improve the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system. Based on this, by switching the first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit through a first control switch, the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator and the second main radiator can be switched, thereby improving the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern. Therefore, the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system including two or more antennas supporting the same frequency signal can be improved, thus meeting the communication requirements of the mobile terminal in various scenarios.

[0007] In one possible implementation of this application, the difference between the first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit can be that at least one of the devices in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator in the first impedance matching circuit is different from at least one of the devices in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator in the second impedance matching circuit. Therefore, the switching of the first and second impedance matching circuits by the first control switch is actually the switching of the serial device in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator, thereby reconstructing the impedance phase of the signal from the first main radiator, and further reconstructing the signal phase difference between the first and second main radiators. This allows for the addition of phase states of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators without changing the phase-shifting state of the power divider phase shifter network, while ensuring the communication performance of the composite antenna including the first and second main radiators, thus improving the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern.

[0008] In one possible implementation of this application, the device in series between the power divider phase-shifting network and the first main radiator in the first impedance matching circuit provides a first impedance phase, and the device in series between the power divider phase-shifting network and the first main radiator in the second impedance matching circuit provides a second impedance phase. The first impedance phase and the second impedance phase are different. This allows for switching of the impedance phase of the signal from the first main radiator by switching the serial device in series between the power divider phase-shifting network and the first main radiator via a first control switch.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the phase difference between the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase is greater than or equal to 45°, or it can be greater than or equal to 90°. This allows for a significant change in the signal phase difference between the first and second main radiators when the power divider phase-shifting network is in operation with the first impedance matching circuit and when it is in operation with the second impedance matching circuit—that is, when the signal of the first main radiator is in different impedance matching states. This ensures the effectiveness of adjusting the radiation pattern of the composite antenna.

[0010] In one possible implementation of this application, the first impedance matching circuit can be coupled to the first feed point of the first main radiator, and the second impedance matching circuit can be coupled to the second feed point of the first main radiator. This allows for switching of the first and second impedance matching circuits via a first control switch, while simultaneously switching the feed point of the first main radiator. This increases the signal phase state of the first main radiator, thereby increasing the phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators and enhancing the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern.

[0011] Since the mobile terminal includes a frame that is arranged circumferentially around the mobile terminal, in one possible implementation of this application, a first main radiator and a second main radiator are disposed on the frame. The power divider / phase shifter network is coupled to a first feed point of the first main radiator and to a third feed point of the second main radiator. The minimum distance d1 between the first feed point of the first main radiator and the third feed point of the second main radiator satisfies: d1 ≥ 5 mm. This allows the radiation patterns of the first and second main radiators to have a certain degree of complementarity and similarity, which can improve the diversity of the antenna system's radiation patterns and also help improve the gain of the composite antenna formed using the first and second main radiators.

[0012] Typically, the frame of a mobile terminal consists of multiple side frames connected in sequence. In one implementation of this application, at least a portion of the first main radiator and at least a portion of the second main radiator are disposed on the same side frame. This can help improve the gain of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators, and also help improve the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby making the radiation pattern of the composite antenna adjustable to improve the beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0013] In another possible implementation of this application, the mobile terminal further includes a frame, a circuit board, and a back cover, with the frame surrounding the circuit board and the back cover. At least one of the first and second main radiators is disposed between the circuit board and the back cover. A power divider / phase shifter network is coupled to a first feed point of the first main radiator and to a third feed point of the second main radiator. The minimum distance d2 between the first and third feed points of the first and second main radiators satisfies: d2 ≥ 5 mm. For example, the second main radiator can be disposed on a support of the circuit board or embedded in the back cover. This allows the radiation patterns of the first and second main radiators to have a certain degree of complementarity and similarity, thereby increasing the diversity of the antenna system's radiation patterns and improving the gain of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators, while also making full use of the space in the mobile terminal.

[0014] In this application, the power-division phase-shifting network includes a first phase shifter and / or a second phase shifter. The first phase shifter is coupled to a first impedance matching circuit and a second impedance matching circuit via a first control switch, and the second phase shifter is coupled to a second radiator. This allows the first phase shifter to adjust the signal phase of the first main radiator, and / or the second phase shifter to adjust the signal phase of the second main radiator. This enables simultaneous adjustment of the signal phase of the first and / or second main radiators by utilizing the switching of the impedance circuits and the first and / or second phase shifters. This is beneficial for increasing the signal phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators, and for enhancing the diversity of the antenna pattern, thereby increasing the beamwidth of the antenna system and meeting the communication requirements of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0015] In another possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a second control switch, a third impedance matching circuit, and a fourth impedance matching circuit. The power-dividing phase-shifting network is also coupled to the second control switch. The third impedance matching circuit is coupled to the second main radiator through the third control port of the second control switch, and the fourth impedance matching circuit is coupled to the second main radiator through the fourth control port of the second control switch. The second control switch is used to control the coupling of the power-dividing phase-shifting network to the second main radiator through either the third or fourth impedance matching circuit. The third and fourth impedance matching circuits are different. This allows the second control switch to switch the conduction state between the power-dividing phase-shifting network and either the third or fourth impedance matching circuit, further increasing the diversity of the signal phase difference between the first and second main radiators, thereby improving the adjustment flexibility of the composite antenna's radiation pattern and ultimately enhancing the antenna system's radiation pattern gain and beamwidth.

[0016] In another possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a first parasitic radiator, a first tuning circuit, and a third control switch. The first parasitic radiator is coupled to the first tuning circuit, and the third control switch is used to control the coupling of a first branch or a second branch of the first tuning circuit to the ground plane. Furthermore, when the third control switch controls the coupling of the first branch of the first tuning circuit to the ground plane, the first parasitic radiator generates a first resonance, the resonant frequency of which falls within the operating frequency band of the first main radiator, thereby allowing the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator to jointly generate one radiation pattern. When the third control switch controls the coupling of the second branch of the first tuning circuit to the ground plane, the first parasitic radiator generates a second resonance, the resonant frequency of which falls outside the operating frequency band of the first main radiator, thereby allowing the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator to jointly generate another radiation pattern. This allows the resonance generated by the first parasitic radiator to influence the current distribution of the first main radiator, making the radiation pattern formed by the first parasitic radiator and the first main radiator adjustable. This makes the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator, the first parasitic radiator, and the second main radiator adjustable, which helps to improve the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0017] In one possible implementation of this application, when the mobile terminal includes the circumferentially arranged frame surrounding the mobile terminal as described above, the first main radiator can be disposed on the frame, and the first parasitic radiator can also be disposed on the frame. Wherein, when both ends of the first main radiator are open, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ L. Furthermore, when one end of the first main radiator is open and the other end is grounded, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ 2L. This achieves strong coupling between the first parasitic radiator and the first main radiator, so that when the first parasitic radiator couples to the ground through different branches of the first tuning circuit, it can significantly affect the current distribution of the first main radiator, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the radiation pattern.

[0018] In another possible implementation of this application, the first main radiator includes a fourth control switch, a first sub-radiator, and a second sub-radiator. The fourth control switch is coupled between the first and second sub-radiators and is used to control at least one of the first and second sub-radiators to couple with the first feed point. This allows for switching the equivalent capacitance and inductance values ​​of the first main radiator, thereby changing the current distribution and thus altering the radiation pattern.

[0019] In one possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a second parasitic radiator, a second tuning circuit, and a fifth control switch. The second parasitic radiator is coupled to the second tuning circuit, and the fifth control switch is used to control the coupling of a third or fourth branch of the second tuning circuit to the ground plane. Furthermore, when the fifth control switch controls the coupling of the third branch of the second tuning circuit to the ground plane, the second parasitic radiator generates a third resonance, the resonant frequency of which falls within the operating frequency band of the second radiator. Conversely, when the fifth control switch controls the coupling of the fourth branch of the second tuning circuit to the ground plane, the second parasitic radiator generates a fourth resonance, the resonant frequency of which falls outside the operating frequency band of the second radiator. This allows the influence of the second parasitic radiator on the current mode of the second main radiator to further enhance the pattern adjustment flexibility of the composite antenna including the first main radiator, the second main radiator, and the second parasitic radiator. This is beneficial for increasing the scannable range of the pattern, thereby improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0020] In this application, the antenna system further includes a third main radiator and a second radio frequency (RF) front-end module. The RF chip is also coupled to the third main radiator through the second RF front-end module, and the RF chip is also used to feed a first RF signal to the third main radiator through the second RF front-end module. This allows for the enhancement of the antenna system's radiation pattern diversity by switching between the radiation pattern formed using the third main radiator and the radiation patterns formed using the first and second main radiators, or by combining the two radiation patterns.

[0021] In one possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a fourth main radiator and a sixth control switch. The first RF front-end module is coupled to the power divider / phase shifter network via the sixth control switch, or the first RF front-end module is coupled to the fourth main radiator via the sixth control switch. The RF chip is then used to feed a first RF signal to the fourth main radiator through the first RF front-end module. This allows for switching between the composite antenna including the first and second main radiators and the antenna including the fourth main radiator via the sixth control switch, thereby adjusting the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system. This improves the diversity of the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system, thus enhancing its omnidirectional performance.

[0022] This application does not limit the specific type of radio frequency chip, but it may include a Wi-Fi chip as an example, thereby improving the communication performance of mobile terminals in Wi-Fi communication scenarios.

[0023] Secondly, this application also provides a mobile terminal, which includes an antenna system. The antenna system includes a radio frequency (RF) chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, a first RF front-end module, a power divider / phase shifter network, a first tuning circuit, and a third control switch. The RF chip is coupled to the power divider / phase shifter network via the first RF front-end module. The first main radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator. The power divider / phase shifter network is coupled to both the first sub-radiator and the second main radiator. The RF chip feeds first RF signals to the first sub-radiator and the second main radiator respectively through the first RF front-end module and the power divider / phase shifter network. The first tuning circuit is at least coupled to the second sub-radiator, and the third control switch is used to switch different branches of the first tuning circuit.

[0024] In the mobile terminal provided in this application, switching different branches of the first tuning circuit via a third control switch allows the current of the second sub-radiator to be loaded onto the first sub-radiator in different forms, thereby affecting the current distribution of the first sub-radiator and thus switching the current distribution of the entire first main radiator. This makes the radiation pattern formed by the first main radiator adjustable, which in turn makes the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators adjustable. This is beneficial for improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0025] In one possible implementation, when the third control switch connects the first branch of the first tuning circuit to the second sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator couples with the base plate through the first branch, generating a first resonance. The resonant point of the first resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator. Conversely, when the third control switch connects the second branch of the first tuning circuit to the second sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator couples with the ground plane through the second branch, generating a second resonance. The resonant point of the second resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator. This allows the resonance generated by the second sub-radiator to influence the current distribution of the first sub-radiator, making the radiation pattern formed by the first main radiator adjustable. This, in turn, makes the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first and second main radiators adjustable, which is beneficial for improving the diversity of the composite antenna's radiation pattern, thereby increasing the antenna system's gain and beamwidth.

[0026] Furthermore, when the third control switch couples the third branch of the first tuning circuit to the first sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator couples to the first sub-radiator. This allows the third control switch to switch the equivalent capacitance and inductance values ​​of the first main radiator, changing the current distribution and thus altering the radiation pattern.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the second sub-radiator and the first sub-radiator can be separated by a gap, or the second sub-radiator and the first sub-radiator can be connected by a grounding element. Therefore, this application does not limit the specific arrangement of the second and first sub-radiators. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the antenna system of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 An equal impedance circle diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4a A Smith chart of an antenna operating in the 5.5 GHz band, provided for embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 4b For being in Figure 4a The S-curve of the antenna under the first impedance matching state is shown in the figure;

[0033] Figure 5a Another Smith chart of an antenna operating in the 5.5 GHz band provided for embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 5b For being in Figure 5a The S-curve of the antenna under the second impedance matching state is shown in the figure;

[0035] Figure 6a Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 6b Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 6c Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figures 9a to 9e Schematic diagrams of radiation patterns for several common antennas provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 12 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 13 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 14 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 15 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 16 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 17 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 18 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 19 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure label:

[0052] 100 - Cover plate; 200 - Display screen / module; 300 - Printed circuit board; 400 - Mid-frame; 500 - Back cover; 600 - Bezel;

[0053] 1-RF chip; 101-First port; 102-Second port; 2-First main radiator; 201-First feed point;

[0054] 202 - Second feed point; 203 - Fourth control switch; 204 - First sub-radiator; 205 - Second sub-radiator; 3 - Second main radiator;

[0055] 4-Third main radiator; 5-First RF front-end module; 6-Second RF front-end module; 7-Power divider phase shifter network; 71-Phase shifter assembly;

[0056] 701 - First phase shifter; 702 - Second phase shifter; 8 - First control switch; 9 - First impedance matching circuit; 10 - Second impedance matching circuit

[0057] 11-Second control switch; 12-Third impedance matching circuit; 13-Fourth impedance matching circuit; 14-First parasitic radiator;

[0058] 15-First tuning circuit; 16-Second parasitic radiator; 17-Second tuning circuit; 18-Fourth main radiator;

[0059] 19-Sixth control switch. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0061] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate understanding of this application. However, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0062] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0064] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the mobile terminal's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the mobile terminal's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers.

[0065] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0066] Radio frequency (RF) chips are a combination of all components used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals. They can be considered to include the RF front end and the transceiver. In the case of a receiving antenna, the RF chip can be considered the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the RF chip can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the RF chip can also be understood as the feed unit. Typically, it is considered part of the antenna system, used to convert radio waves into electrical signals, and vice versa. Antenna design should consider the maximum power transfer capability and efficiency. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. This matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0067] In some contexts, the term "power supply / feeding circuit" narrowly refers to a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC). A power supply circuit converts radio waves (e.g., RF signals) into electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). It is typically considered part of the RF component.

[0068] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or, RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry or the radiator of the antenna. The RF front-end circuitry can be considered as the circuitry coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0069] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip in an electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in an electronic device.

[0070] It should be understood that any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application can share the same transceiver, for example, by transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel (e.g., a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip) in a transceiver; they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, by processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0071] It should also be understood that the two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application typically correspond to two RF test sockets in an electronic device.

[0072] Feed line: Also called a transmission line, it refers to the connection line between the antenna's radio frequency chip and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where it connects to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include conductive transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation, transmission lines can include bracket antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies. Depending on the carrier, transmission lines can be made of liquid crystal polymer (LCP), flexible printed circuit boards (FPC), or printed circuit boards (PCBs).

[0073] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The point of strongest resonance can be called the resonant point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonant point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, when the antenna / radiator in this application generates "first / second...resonance," the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to a specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0074] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristics at any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0075] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0076] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna can cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0077] Phase shifter: Located between the radiator and the RF chip, on the connection line between them, it is used to adjust the phase of the signal fed into the radiator. Specifically, the phase of the signal fed into the radiator can be adjusted by changing the electrical length of the connection line between the radiator and the RF chip.

[0078] Medium wavelength: refers to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in a medium at the operating frequency band. For example, if the operating frequency band is [f1, f2], the corresponding medium wavelength is also the range [w1, w2]. Alternatively, to simplify calculations, the above-mentioned medium wavelength can also refer to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in the medium at the center frequency f0 of the operating frequency band. In this case, the medium wavelength is a specific value w0.

[0079] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0080] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency.

[0081] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram within the range of -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna radiation efficiency; the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0082] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0083] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0084] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0085] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that radiation efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the radiation efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0087] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10-decibel difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20-decibel difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3-decibel difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0088] The term "end" in the context of the main radiator's first / second / third / fourth / grounded / open ends should not be narrowly interpreted as a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also refer to a segment of the main radiator including the first endpoint, which is the endpoint of the main radiator at the gap. For example, the first end of the main radiator can be considered a segment of the main radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the main radiator, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feed structure (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed structure). Similarly, a ground end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a ground structure.

[0089] Open and Closed Terminals: In some embodiments, open and closed terminals are defined relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, a free terminal, an open terminal, or an open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a grounded terminal or a short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0090] In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed end electrically connected to other conductors and the open end not electrically connected to other conductors.

[0091] To put it simply, the "open end" of a radiator can be defined as one end of the radiator that is spaced apart from the floor or coupled to the floor through a capacitive device.

[0092] To put it simply, the "grounding terminal" of a radiator can be understood as: if one end of the radiator is directly connected to the floor or coupled to the floor through an inductive device, it can be regarded as the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0093] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., inductive devices) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a slit at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the slit with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0094] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitive devices) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0095] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, resembles a radiator at the opening of an open or suspended end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0096] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0097] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0100] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20% of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, within ±10% or within ±5%.

[0104] In the embodiments of this application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as half-wavelength mode, etc.) can refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: Wavelength = Speed ​​of light / Frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal.

[0105] Coupling: In this application, it can be understood as indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as indirect coupling connection. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0106] The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There can be a predetermined angular deviation between two mutually parallel or perpendicular structures. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold can be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0107] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "perpendicular" means that there can be a predetermined angle deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 85°, 86°, 87°, 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94° or 95°, etc.

[0108] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "parallel" means that there can be a predetermined angular deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 0°, 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 4.5°, or 5°, etc.

[0109] To facilitate understanding of the mobile terminal provided in this application embodiment, its application scenario is first introduced below. The mobile terminal in this application embodiment refers to a terminal with communication functions. Specifically, it can refer to a mobile terminal employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The mobile terminal in this application embodiment can include a fixed terminal or a mobile terminal. For example, a mobile terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, smart bracelet, smartwatch, smart helmet, and smart glasses; a fixed terminal can be a router, smart TV, smart home device, smart speaker, and desktop computer. In addition, the aforementioned mobile terminal may also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a mobile terminal in a 5G network, or a mobile terminal in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0110] Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, a mobile phone is used as an example for explanation. Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the mobile terminal includes a cover 100, a display / module 200, a printed circuit board (PCB) 300, a middle frame 400, and a rear cover 500. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 100 may be a glass cover, or it may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cover, etc. In one embodiment, the cover 100, display 200, middle frame 400, and rear cover 500 can all be considered as part of the housing.

[0111] The cover plate 100 can be set close to the display screen 200, and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 200 from dust.

[0112] In one embodiment, the display screen 200 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0113] The 400mm mid-frame primarily serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 300 positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the back cover 500. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 300 may also be positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not impose any limitations on this. PCB 300 may be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are mounted on PCB 300.

[0114] In one embodiment, a metal layer may be disposed on the PCB 300. This metal layer can be used to ground electronic components carried on the PCB 300, or to ground other components such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer may be referred to as a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any layer of the dielectric substrate in the PCB 300. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer may be disposed on the side of the PCB 300 near the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 300 can be considered as the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 400 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The mobile terminal may also have other ground planes / grounding plates, as previously described, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] The mobile terminal may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be located between the middle frame 400 and the back cover 500, or between the middle frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not impose any limitations on this. In some embodiments, the PCB 300 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be located between the motherboard and the daughterboard. Specifically, the motherboard may be located between the middle frame 400 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be located between the middle frame 400 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0116] The mobile terminal may also include a frame 600, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 600 may be disposed between the display screen 200 and the back cover 500 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the mobile terminal. The frame 600 may have four sides surrounding the display screen 200 to help secure the display screen 200. In one implementation, the frame 600 made of metal can be directly used as the metal frame of the mobile terminal, forming a metal frame appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 600 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0117] The mid-frame 400 may include a border 600. The mid-frame 400, including the border 600, is a single unit that supports the electronic components within the device. The cover plate 100 and the rear cover 500 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the border 600 to form the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. Alternatively, the border 600 may not be considered part of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the border 600 may be connected to the mid-frame 400 and integrally formed. In another embodiment, the border 600 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the mid-frame 400, for example, via spring clips, screws, welding, etc. In one embodiment, the cover plate 100, the rear cover 500, the border 600, and the mid-frame 400 may be collectively referred to as the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. It should be understood that "outer shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400, or to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400.

[0118] The back cover 500 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive materials, such as glass or plastic; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.

[0119] In one embodiment, the frame 600 can at least partially function as a radiator to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. This portion of the frame acting as the radiator may have gaps between itself and other parts of the middle frame 400, or between itself and the middle frame 400, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near this portion of the frame acting as the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture disposed inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or multiple of the middle frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a gap / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the gap / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame 600, at which the frame 600 is divided into two parts without a direct connection. In one embodiment, the aperture may further include a slit / gap / aperture provided on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the aperture provided in the conductive material may communicate with a slit or gap in the frame to form a continuous aperture on the surface of the mobile terminal.

[0120] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the frame 600. The frame 600 comprises a non-conductive material, and the radiator of the antenna may be located within the mobile terminal and disposed along the frame 600, or the radiator may be at least partially embedded within the non-conductive material of the frame. In one embodiment, the radiator is disposed close to the non-conductive material of the frame 600 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the mobile terminal, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "disposed close to the frame 600" means that the radiator can be disposed tightly against the frame 600 or close to the frame 600, for example, there may be a small gap between the radiator and the frame 600.

[0121] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna disposed on a circuit board. Figure 1(Not shown in the image). A gap may exist between the radiator located within the casing and other conductive components inside the casing to ensure a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture located inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or more of the frame 600, mid-frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the slot / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame, dividing the frame 600 into two parts without a direct connection. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the apertures formed in the conductive material can communicate with the slots or gaps in the frame to form continuous apertures on the surface of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the apertures on the back cover 500 or the display screen can also be used to house other devices, such as cameras, and / or sensors, and / or microphones, and / or speakers, etc.

[0122] In one embodiment, the antenna can be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) antenna, or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), among other forms. In another embodiment, the antenna can be a transparent or semi-transparent structure embedded within the screen of the mobile terminal, making it a transparent antenna unit embedded within the screen of the mobile terminal.

[0123] Figure 1 The images only schematically illustrate some of the components included in the mobile terminal; the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0124] As discussed above regarding mobile terminals, the antenna system is a crucial component for communication. The radiation pattern is one of the factors affecting the communication connection speed and stability of the antenna system. Furthermore, beamforming can be achieved by utilizing the complementarity of the radiation patterns of different antennas within the antenna system, thereby improving beam coverage and beam gain. Since the antennas used for beamforming collectively form the radiation pattern, it can be understood that by analyzing the factors influencing the radiation pattern and matching these factors, the diversity and gain of the antenna system's radiation pattern can be enhanced. This is beneficial for improving the communication performance of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0125] In view of this, the mobile terminal provided in this application improves the beam scanning range of the antenna system by increasing the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern, thereby enhancing the communication performance of the mobile terminal. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0126] To enable communication functions, a mobile terminal includes an antenna system. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna system of the mobile terminal includes an RF chip 1, a first main radiator 2, a second main radiator 3, a first RF front-end module 5, and a power divider / phase shifter network 7.

[0127] You can continue to refer to Figure 2 In this application, the radio frequency chip 1 is coupled to the power divider phase shifter network 7 through the first radio frequency front-end module 5. The radio frequency chip 1 feeds the first radio frequency signal to the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 through the first radio frequency front-end module 5 and the power divider phase shifter network 7, respectively.

[0128] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the RF chip 1 can emit a first RF signal through the first port 101. In addition, the first port 101 of the RF chip 1 is connected to the power divider phase shifter network 7, so that the RF chip 1 can feed the first RF signal to the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 through the first port 101 respectively.

[0129] It is worth mentioning that in this application, the same port of RF chip 1 is used to transmit and receive the same RF signal to form a transmit / receive antenna. For example, in Figure 2 In the antenna system shown, the devices from the first port 101 of the radio frequency chip 1 to the first main radiator 2 and the devices from the first port 101 of the radio frequency chip 1 to the second main radiator 3 together form a transmit / receive antenna. That is, the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 are used to jointly form a composite antenna or a combined antenna.

[0130] You can continue to refer to Figure 2 The antenna system provided in this application may further include a third main radiator 4 and a second radio frequency front-end module 6. The radio frequency chip 1 may also be coupled to the third main radiator 4 via the second radio frequency front-end module 6, so that the radio frequency chip 1 can also be used to feed a first radio frequency signal to the third main radiator 4 via the second radio frequency front-end module 6. In practical applications, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the RF chip 1 can also emit a first RF signal through the second port 102. Then, the RF chip 1 can feed the first RF signal to the third main radiator 4 through the second port 102, so that the devices from the second port 102 of the RF chip 1 to the third main radiator 4 together form another antenna.

[0131] In this application, the specific configuration of the second RF front-end module 6 is not limited; it may be the same as or different from the first RF front-end module 5. For example, in one possible embodiment, the first RF front-end module 5 and the second RF front-end module 6 may be packaged into a single structure to improve the integration of the antenna system. In another possible embodiment, the first RF front-end module 5 and the second RF front-end module 6 may also be packaged into two independent parts to improve the layout flexibility of the first RF front-end module 5 and the second RF front-end module 6.

[0132] As described above, the antenna system provided in this application includes at least two antennas for supporting signals at the same frequency. In this application, these at least two antennas for supporting signals at the same frequency can be used to form a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system or can be switched according to the communication scenario. Typically, the radiation patterns of these at least two antennas for supporting signals at the same frequency are complementary to improve the gain of the antenna system and / or the beamwidth of the radiation pattern.

[0133] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, complementary antenna patterns can be two antenna patterns with different maximum radiation directions or different gains in the maximum radiation direction; and / or, two antenna patterns whose minimum radiation direction (or radiation null) can be compensated by one antenna pattern for the other antenna pattern; and / or, two antenna patterns with different beamwidths.

[0134] It is understandable that by reconstructing the radiation pattern of any antenna in the antenna system used to support signals at the same frequency, the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system can be adjusted, or scanned, thereby improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system. Furthermore, in the aforementioned composite antenna, the power divider phase-shifting network 7 can adjust the phase of the signals fed to the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, providing multiple phase states for the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. This makes the radiation pattern of the composite antenna adjustable, thus providing the possibility of scanning the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system. Typically, the matching of the antenna's signal phase state is achieved mainly by adjusting the phase shift state of the phase shifters in the power divider phase-shifting network 7. However, in current mobile terminals, due to cost and space constraints, the phase shift states of the phase shifters in the power divider phase-shifting network 7 are few and the losses are high. This results in fewer signal phase states for the composite antenna, thus reducing the benefits of beamforming in the mobile terminal. Based on this, in this application, the diversity of the radiation pattern formed by the composite antenna can be improved by increasing the signal phase state of the composite antenna, thereby improving the gain of the antenna system and the beamwidth of the radiation pattern.

[0135] To facilitate understanding of the design principles of the antenna system provided in the embodiments of this application, please refer to the following: Figure 3 , Figure 3 An equal impedance circle diagram is provided in the embodiments of this application, which can be used to illustrate the principle of impedance phase change of an antenna. Figure 3 The circles shown are circles with equal reflection coefficients, also known as circles with equal impedance. The radius of the circle represents the magnitude of the reflection coefficient. Figure 3 The points in the diagram represent the antenna impedance points corresponding to different impedance matching states, and the angle between the impedance point and the horizontal axis represents the reflection coefficient phase. It can be understood that in... Figure 3 In the diagram, circles of different radii represent different reflection coefficient values, with the outermost circle corresponding to the total internal reflection coefficient. Furthermore, if the antenna's impedance point falls within the second circle from the inside out on the equal impedance circle diagram, it indicates that 60% of the antenna's energy is radiated.

[0136] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the impedance matching state of the antenna can be reconstructed by matching the radius of the equal impedance circle where the impedance point is located and the phase where the impedance point is located.

[0137] In one possible embodiment, it can be Figure 3Impedance points 1, 2, 3, and 4 are considered as the four impedance points of the first homing antenna. These four impedance points are four points distributed around the center of the equal impedance circle diagram with the same radius. The initial phase of impedance point 1 is 135°, the initial phase of impedance point 2 is 45°, the initial phase of impedance point 3 is -45°, and the initial phase of impedance point 4 is -135°. That is to say, the four impedance points of the first homing antenna are all on the same equal impedance circle, but they are in different phases. This means that under these four impedance matching conditions, the impedance matching degree (reflection coefficient magnitude) of the first homing antenna is the same, but the phases are different.

[0138] in addition, Figure 3 Impedance point 5 can be considered as the impedance point of the second antenna. Impedance point 5 and the four impedance points of the first antenna lie on the same equal impedance circle, and the initial phase of impedance point 5 is 90°. Therefore, the phase differences between impedance points 1, 2, 3, and 4 and impedance point 5 of the first antenna are 45°, 45°, 135°, and -135°, respectively. This means there are three phase differences between the first and second antennas. It can be seen that by adjusting the impedance matching state of the antennas, the impedance phase of the antennas can be changed without altering the degree of impedance matching, thereby changing the phase difference between the antennas.

[0139] As can be seen from the above analysis, the phase difference between antennas can be matched not only by using a phase shifter, but also by reconstructing the impedance matching state of the antennas.

[0140] The following section uses the example of an antenna operating in the 5.5GHz Wi-Fi band to illustrate the impact of changes in impedance matching on the antenna's radiation performance. Figure 4a A Smith chart of an antenna operating in the 5.5GHz Wi-Fi band, provided for embodiments of this application, wherein... Figure 4a The curve shown is the Smith chart of the antenna under the first impedance matching condition, and the position of the dot on the curve represents the impedance phase at Wi-Fi 5.5GHz (approximately -80°). Additionally, Figure 4b For being in Figure 4a The S-curve of the antenna in the first impedance matching state is shown in the figure.

[0141] Figure 5a Another Smith chart of an antenna operating in the 5.5GHz Wi-Fi band, provided for embodiments of this application, wherein... Figure 5a The curve shown is the Smith chart of the antenna under the second impedance matching condition, and the position of the dot on the curve represents the impedance phase at WI-FI 5.5GHz (approximately -160°). Additionally, Figure 5b For being in Figure 5aThe S-curve of the antenna under the second impedance matching state is shown in the figure.

[0142] Through the Figure 5b and Figure 4b As can be seen from the comparison of the S-curves shown, although changing the impedance matching state will change the position of the antenna's impedance phase on the Smith chart, its impact on the antenna's radiation performance is relatively small.

[0143] Therefore, the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in this application can continue to be referenced in its specific configuration. Figure 2 The antenna system also includes a first control switch 8, a first impedance matching circuit 9, and a second impedance matching circuit 10. The power divider / phase shifter network 7 is coupled to the first control switch 8. The first impedance matching circuit 9 is coupled to the first main radiator 2 through the first control port of the first control switch 8. The second impedance matching circuit 10 is coupled to the first main radiator 2 through the second control port of the first control switch 8. Therefore, the first control switch 8 is used to control the power divider / phase shifter network 7 to couple to the first main radiator 2 through either the first impedance matching circuit 9 or the second impedance matching circuit 10.

[0144] In this application, the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10 are different. That is, by adopting the antenna system design scheme of the mobile terminal provided in this application, the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10 can be switched by the first control switch 8 to realize the switching of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern, which is beneficial to improving the antenna system's gain and / or beamwidth of the radiation pattern, so as to meet the communication requirements of the mobile terminal in various scenarios.

[0145] This application does not limit the specific configuration of the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10. For example, the first impedance matching circuit 9 may include one or more devices connected in series, or one or more devices connected in parallel; the second impedance matching circuit 10 may include one or more devices connected in series, or one or more devices connected in parallel.

[0146] In one possible embodiment of this application, the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10 may differ in that at least one of the devices in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first main radiator 2 in the first impedance matching circuit 9 is different from at least one of the devices in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first main radiator 2 in the second impedance matching circuit 10. That is, at least one of the serial devices in the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10 is different. Switching the first impedance matching circuit 9 and the second impedance matching circuit 10 using the first control switch 8 is actually switching the serial devices in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first main radiator 2, thereby reconstructing the impedance phase of the signal from the first main radiator 2. This, in turn, reconstructs the signal phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. Thus, without changing the phase shift state of the power divider phase shifter network 7 and ensuring the communication performance of the composite antenna, the signal phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 can be increased. This is beneficial for improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna to meet the communication requirements of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0147] Understandably, in practical applications, the device in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first main radiator 2 in the first impedance matching circuit 9 can be used to provide the first impedance phase, and the device in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first main radiator 2 in the second impedance matching circuit 10 can be used to provide the second impedance phase, wherein the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase are different.

[0148] In practical applications, the specific location of the first control switch 8 is not limited. As long as the first control switch 8 is set on the series link between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the first impedance matching circuit 9, or on the series link between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the second impedance matching circuit 10, the switching of impedance phase can be achieved.

[0149] In one possible embodiment, the phase difference between the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase can be greater than or equal to 45°. For example, the phase difference between the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase can be greater than or equal to 90°, such as 100°, 120°, or 135°. This allows for a significant change in the signal phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 when the power divider phase shifter network 7 is in operation with the first impedance matching circuit 9 and when the power divider phase shifter network 7 is in operation with the second impedance matching circuit 10, i.e., when the first main radiator 2 is in different impedance matching states. This ensures the effectiveness of adjusting the radiation pattern of the composite antenna.

[0150] Furthermore, in the above embodiments of this application, the specific configuration of the impedance matching circuit is described using the example of switching between two different impedance phases. Based on this, when switching between more than two impedance phases is required, the number of the first control switch 8 and the impedance matching circuit can be adaptively adjusted to improve the signal phase diversity of the first main radiator 2, thereby increasing the phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. This helps to improve the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby increasing the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system to meet the communication requirements of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0151] In this application, the specific placement locations of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 within the mobile terminal are not limited. For example, in... Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, since the mobile terminal includes a frame arranged circumferentially around the mobile terminal, as can be seen from the above description of the mobile terminal, the frame can be used to set the radiator. Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, the first main radiator 2 can be set on the frame.

[0152] It is understood that "deposited on the frame" for the first main radiator 2 includes the case where, when the frame is a metal frame or includes a metal portion, the first main radiator 2 can be positioned based on an existing metal portion on the frame. Additionally, "deposited on the frame" also includes the case where the first main radiator 2 is a metal structure positioned on a non-metallic frame. This application does not limit the specific placement of the first main radiator 2 on the frame.

[0153] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the second main radiator 3 can also be disposed on the frame. In this embodiment, the power divider / phase shifter network 7 can be coupled to the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and to the third feed point of the second main radiator 3. The minimum distance d1 between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3 satisfies: d1 ≥ 5 mm. This allows the radiation patterns of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 to have a certain degree of complementarity and similarity. This not only enhances the diversity of the antenna system's radiation patterns but also helps to improve the gain of the composite antenna formed using the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0154] In one embodiment of this application, d1 ≥ 7 mm. In another embodiment of this application, d1 ≥ 10 mm. In yet another embodiment of this application, d1 ≥ 15 mm. For example, in practical applications, the minimum distance d1 between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3 can be 8 mm, which can result in a higher gain for the composite antenna formed using the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. Furthermore, when the minimum distance between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3 is less than 5 mm, the radiation characteristics of the two are relatively similar due to the smaller distance, resulting in less complementary radiation patterns. Therefore, the gain of the composite antenna formed is lower, but a certain level of gain can still be achieved.

[0155] In addition, in one embodiment of this application, d1 ≤ 100mm, for example, d1 ≤ 90mm, or d1 ≤ 80mm, or d1 ≤ 70mm. It can be understood that when the minimum distance between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3 is greater than 100mm, the transmission loss is greater due to the larger distance between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3, which is detrimental to improving the gain of the antenna system.

[0156] It is understandable that the existence of a certain overlap in radiation patterns is beneficial to improving the gain after radiation pattern synthesis. The radiation pattern varies due to various factors, such as the placement of the radiator within the mobile terminal (frame, bracket, or back cover), its orientation on the frame (horizontal or vertical), and its position on the frame (top, middle, or bottom). For example, a radiator placed at the top edge of the frame and a radiator placed on the side can have orthogonal polarization directions, resulting in a significant difference in their radiation patterns. This is generally detrimental to radiation pattern synthesis. However, by designing the antenna pattern, the angular difference in the polarization directions of the two antennas can be reduced, thereby improving the gain. Furthermore, since the mobile terminal as a whole can be considered a large floor, and the floor can affect the antenna radiation pattern, a significant difference in the radiation patterns of a radiator placed at the top edge of the frame and a radiator placed on the floor is also detrimental to radiation pattern synthesis. Therefore, the following are some preferred placement positions for the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0157] For example in Figure 6a In the illustrated embodiment, dashed boxes are used to indicate some possible placement positions of the first main radiator 2, and solid boxes are used to indicate some possible placement positions of the second main radiator 3; alternatively, dashed boxes are used to indicate some possible placement positions of the second main radiator 3, and solid boxes are used to indicate some possible placement positions of the first main radiator 2. Figure 6a In the illustrated embodiment, the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 are both at least partially located in the upper region (e.g., the upper 1 / 3 region of the mobile terminal) or the lower region (e.g., the lower 1 / 3 region of the mobile terminal) in the length direction of the mobile terminal. Since at least a portion of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 are located in the upper or lower region of the floor in the length direction, it is beneficial to synthesize the radiation patterns of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0158] Furthermore, since the frame of the mobile terminal includes multiple side frames connected in sequence, at least a portion of the first main radiator 2 and at least a portion of the second main radiator 3 can be disposed on the same side frame. For example, at least a portion of the first main radiator 2 and at least a portion of the second main radiator 3 may be located on the top frame. In other possible embodiments, at least a portion of the first main radiator 2 and at least a portion of the second main radiator 3 may be disposed on a side frame. Since both the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 are at least partially parallel (including collinear), this facilitates designing the polarization directions of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 to be easily synthesized. Additionally, when all of the first main radiator 2 and all of the second main radiator 3 are parallel (including collinear), the synthesis effect of their radiation patterns is better, thereby improving the gain of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, and enhancing the diversity of the radiation patterns of the composite antenna. This allows the radiation pattern of the composite antenna to be adjustable, thereby improving the omnidirectionality of the antenna system.

[0159] For example, in Figure 6b In the antenna system shown, dashed boxes indicate some possible locations for the first main radiator 2, and solid boxes indicate some possible locations for the second main radiator 3; alternatively, dashed boxes indicate some possible locations for the second main radiator 3, and solid boxes indicate some possible locations for the first main radiator 2. In this embodiment, at least a portion of the first main radiator 2 and at least a portion of the second main radiator 3 are respectively disposed on two opposite side frames, for example, on two side frames in the width direction of the mobile terminal. This still facilitates the synthesis of the radiation patterns of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the gain of the composite antenna.

[0160] Figure 6c This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. As can be seen from the above description of the mobile terminal's structure, the mobile terminal also includes a back cover and a circuit board, with a frame surrounding the circuit board and the back cover. Therefore, at least one of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 can also be disposed between the circuit board and the back cover, for example, in… Figure 6cIn this design, the first main radiator 2 is disposed on the frame, and the second main radiator 3 is disposed between the circuit board and the back cover. In specific implementations, for example, some existing radiators in the mobile terminal (e.g., radiators used to transmit signals in the sub-6GHz band) may be disposed on the back cover; these radiators can then be used as the second main radiator 3, requiring minimal additional design and facilitating full utilization of the mobile terminal's internal space. In other embodiments, the second main radiator 3 may also be disposed on the circuit board's support.

[0161] In addition, Figure 6c In the illustrated embodiment, the minimum distance d2 between the first feed point of the first main radiator 2 and the third feed point of the second main radiator 3 satisfies: d2 ≥ 5 mm. For example, d2 ≥ 7 mm, or d2 ≥ 10 mm, or d2 ≥ 15 mm. This allows for full utilization of the mobile terminal's space while simultaneously achieving radiation pattern synthesis between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0162] In this application, d2 can also be ≤100mm, for example, d2 ≤90mm, d2 ≤80mm, or d2 ≤70mm. This allows for a larger overlap between the radiation patterns of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the gain of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0163] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of possible placement positions of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. Based on this, the specific placement of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 can be arbitrarily combined according to actual design needs. They will not be listed one by one here, but they should all be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0164] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this application, the power divider phase shifter network 7 includes a phase shifter assembly 71, which can be used to adjust the phase of the first main radiator 2, and / or the phase shifter assembly 71 can be used to adjust the phase of the second main radiator 3, thereby realizing the phase matching of the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0165] You can continue to refer to Figure 7In this embodiment of the application, the phase shifter assembly 71 may include a first phase shifter 701, which is coupled to a first impedance matching circuit 9 and a second impedance matching circuit 10 via a first control switch 8. It is understood that the first phase shifter 701 can be used to adjust the signal phase of the first main radiator 2. This allows for the adjustment of the signal phase of the first main radiator 2 through the switching of the impedance matching circuit and the combined effect of the first phase shifter 701. This improves the phase shift state of the first main radiator 2, thereby increasing the signal phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. This enhances the diversity of the antenna pattern, thereby increasing the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system, and ultimately meeting the communication requirements of the mobile terminal in various scenarios.

[0166] Additionally, the phase shifter assembly 71 may also include a second phase shifter 702, which is coupled to the second main radiator 3. This allows the second phase shifter 702 to adjust the signal phase state of the second main radiator 3, which helps to further enhance the diversity of the signal phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna.

[0167] It is worth mentioning that, Figure 7 This is merely an exemplary description of one possible configuration of the phase shifter assembly 71 of the power divider phase shifter network 7. In other possible embodiments of this application, the phase shifter assembly 71 may also include only the first phase shifter 701 or the second phase shifter 702, which can still achieve the adjustment of the signal phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0168] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. (Similar to the above...) Figure 7 Compared to the antenna system shown, the antenna system further includes a second control switch 11, a third impedance matching circuit 12, and a fourth impedance matching circuit 13. The power divider phase shifter network 7 is also coupled to the second control switch 11; for example, the second phase shifter 702 can be connected to the second control switch 11.

[0169] In addition, the third impedance matching circuit 12 is coupled to the second main radiator 3 through the third control port of the second control switch 11, and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 is coupled to the second main radiator 3 through the fourth control port of the second control switch 11. Thus, the second control switch 11 can be used to control the second phase shifter 702 to be coupled to the second main radiator 3 through the third impedance matching circuit 12 or the fourth impedance matching circuit 13.

[0170] In this application, the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 are different. That is, in this embodiment, the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 can be switched by switching the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 through the second control switch 11. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the antenna system's radiation pattern, which is beneficial to the antenna system's gain and / or beamwidth of the radiation pattern, so as to meet the communication requirements of the mobile terminal in various scenarios.

[0171] This application does not limit the specific configuration of the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13. For example, the third impedance matching circuit 12 may include one or more devices connected in series, or one or more devices connected in parallel; the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 may include one or more devices connected in series, or one or more devices connected in parallel.

[0172] In one possible embodiment of this application, the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 may differ in that at least one of the devices in the third impedance matching circuit 12 connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the second main radiator 3 is different from at least one of the devices in the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 connected in series between the fourth control port and the second main radiator 3. That is, at least one of the serial devices in the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 is different. Therefore, switching the third impedance matching circuit 12 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13 using the second control switch 11 is actually switching the serial devices connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the second main radiator 3, thereby reconstructing the impedance phase of the signal from the second main radiator 3. This further increases the diversity of the phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, improving the adjustment flexibility of the composite antenna's radiation pattern and thus meeting the communication requirements of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0173] It is understood that, in one possible embodiment of this application, the device of the third impedance matching circuit 12 connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the second main radiator 3 can be used to provide a third impedance phase, and the device of the second impedance matching circuit 10 connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the second main radiator 3 can be used to provide a fourth impedance phase, the third impedance phase being different from the fourth impedance phase.

[0174] In practical applications, the specific location of the second control switch 11 is not limited. As long as the second control switch 11 is set on the series link of the devices of the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the third impedance matching circuit 12, or on the series link of the devices of the power divider phase shifter network 7 and the fourth impedance matching circuit 13, the switching of impedance phase can be achieved.

[0175] In one possible embodiment, the phase difference between the third impedance phase and the fourth impedance phase can be greater than or equal to 45°. For example, the phase difference between the third impedance phase and the fourth impedance phase can be greater than or equal to 90°, such as 100°, 120°, or 135°. This allows for a significant change in the phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 when the power divider phase shifter network 7 is in operation with the third impedance matching circuit 12 and when the power divider phase shifter network 7 is in operation with the fourth impedance matching circuit 13, i.e., when the second main radiator 3 is in different impedance matching states. This ensures the effectiveness of adjusting the radiation pattern of the composite antenna.

[0176] Furthermore, in the above embodiments of this application, the specific configuration of the impedance matching circuit is described using the example of switching between two different impedance phases. Based on this, when switching between more than two impedance phases is required, the number of the second control switch 11 and the impedance matching circuit can be adaptively adjusted to improve the signal phase diversity of the second main radiator 3, thereby increasing the phase state of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3. This helps to improve the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby increasing the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system to meet the communication requirements of mobile terminals in various scenarios.

[0177] It is worth mentioning that, besides the phase difference reconstruction scheme mentioned above, other possible factors can influence the radiation pattern of a composite antenna. For example, refer to... Figures 9a to 9e , Figures 9a to 9e These are schematic diagrams illustrating the radiation patterns of several common antennas provided in embodiments of this application. Figures 9a to 9e In each example, the antenna radiation pattern is shown exemplarily by assuming that the radiator is located at the top of the mobile terminal.

[0178] In the above Figures 9a to 9e The antennas on display all include a main radiator, in which... Figure 9a and Figure 9e In the antennas shown, the main radiator is grounded at one end and open at the other, but the location of their feed points differs. Additionally, compared to... Figure 9a Compared to the antenna shown, in Figure 9b and Figure 9c In the antenna shown, parasitic radiators are added at different locations. These parasitic radiators are coupled to a control switch, which controls whether the resonance generated by the parasitic radiators is applied to the main radiator. It is worth noting that... Figure 9b and Figure 9c The diagram shown depicts the radiation pattern formed by the main radiator and the parasitic radiator when the control switch is in its first state, i.e., when the resonance generated by the parasitic radiator is applied to the main radiator. Additionally, in Figure 9dIn the antenna shown, the main radiator includes two sub-radiators, at least one of which can be coupled to the feed point via a control switch to switch the length of the main radiator. Additionally, in... Figure 9d This can be used to demonstrate the situation where both sub-radiators are coupled to the feed point, in which case the main radiator has the longest length.

[0179] The comparison shows that the position of the feed point has changed (for example, the feed point is located at...). Figure 9a The position shown becomes Figure 9e (Location shown), whether or not the parasitic radiator is loaded ( Figure 9b and Figure 9c and Figure 9a Compared to), the location of the parasitic radiator has changed. Figure 9b and Figure 9c (in comparison) and the size of the radiator's aperture ( Figure 9d and Figure 9e In comparison, factors such as the number and length of radiators will affect the antenna's radiation pattern.

[0180] Based on this, refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the antenna system of the mobile terminal also includes a radio frequency (RF) chip 1, a first main radiator 2, a second main radiator 3, a first RF front-end module 5, a second RF front-end module 6, and a power divider / phase shifter network 7. The RF chip 1 is coupled to the power divider / phase shifter network 7 via the first RF front-end module 5, the power divider / phase shifter network 7 is coupled to the first main radiator 2, and the power divider / phase shifter network 7 is coupled to the second main radiator 3, so that the RF chip 1 can feed first RF signals to the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 respectively through the first RF front-end module 5 and the power divider / phase shifter network 7.

[0181] like Figure 10 As shown, the antenna system also includes a first parasitic radiator 14 and a first tuning circuit 15. The first parasitic radiator 14 is coupled to the first tuning circuit 15. In this application, the first tuning circuit 15 can be used to adjust the resonant mode of the radiator.

[0182] Based on this, the resonance mode of the first parasitic radiator 14 can be adjusted by switching different branches of the first tuning circuit 15. Specifically, the antenna system also includes a third control switch, which controls the coupling of the first branch or the second branch of the first tuning circuit 15 to the ground plane. When the third control switch controls the coupling of the first branch of the first tuning circuit 15 to the ground plane, the first parasitic radiator 14 generates a first resonance, the resonant frequency of which falls within the operating frequency band of the first main radiator 2. That is, at this time, the resonance generated by the first parasitic radiator 14 can be applied to the first main radiator 2 to affect the current distribution of the first main radiator 2, thereby causing the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2 to jointly form a radiation pattern.

[0183] When the third control switch couples the second branch of the first tuning circuit 15 to the ground, the first parasitic radiator 14 generates a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the first main radiator 2. In other words, at this time, the resonance generated by the first parasitic radiator 14 is not applied to the first main radiator 2, so that the current of the first main radiator 2 is distributed in a different way, thereby allowing the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2 to jointly form a different radiation pattern.

[0184] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the different branches of the first tuning circuit 15 can be understood as multiple branches with different capacitance and / or inductance values; or it can be understood as switching between the on and off states. For example, the coupling of the first parasitic radiator 14 to the ground through the first branch of the first tuning circuit 15 can be understood as the path between the first parasitic radiator 14 and the ground being open. At this time, the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2 form a common-mode antenna. The coupling of the first parasitic radiator 14 to the ground through the second branch of the first tuning circuit 15 can be understood as the path between the first parasitic radiator 14 and the ground being closed. At this time, the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2 form a differential-mode antenna.

[0185] Additionally, the first tuning circuit 15 may include one or more tuning devices. When the first tuning circuit 15 includes one tuning device, that single tuning device may include various combinations of capacitance and inductance values, i.e., multiple tuning forms, corresponding to multiple branches of the first tuning circuit 15. Furthermore, when the first tuning circuit 15 includes multiple tuning devices, these multiple tuning circuits may collectively form multiple branches. In this application, the specific configuration of the third control switch is not limited; it may exemplify as a single switching device or a switch network lamp formed by multiple switching devices.

[0186] It is understandable that whether or not the first parasitic radiator 14 generates a resonant load will affect the current distribution of the first main radiator 2, thereby changing the radiation pattern of the antenna formed by the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2. This will lead to a change in the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2, the first parasitic radiator 14 and the second main radiator 3, which is beneficial to improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby reducing the radiation null point of the antenna system, and thus improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system's radiation pattern.

[0187] In order for the resonance generated by the first parasitic radiator 14 to affect the current distribution of the first main radiator 2, in one possible embodiment of this application, both the first main radiator 2 and the first parasitic radiator 14 can be disposed on the frame, wherein, when the first main radiator 2 is... Figure 10 When both ends of the first main radiator 2 are open, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator 2 and the first parasitic radiator 14 satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ L. Furthermore, when one end of the first main radiator 2 is open and the other end is grounded, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator 2 and the first parasitic radiator 14 satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ 2L. This achieves strong coupling between the first parasitic radiator 14 and the first main radiator 2, so that when the first parasitic radiator 14 is coupled to the ground through different branches of the first tuning circuit 15, it can significantly affect the current distribution of the first main radiator 2, thereby changing the radiation pattern.

[0188] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 Compared to the antenna system shown, in Figure 11 In the antenna system shown, the phase shifter component 71 of the power divider phase shifter network 7 further includes a second phase shifter 702, which is coupled to the second main radiator 3. This allows the second phase shifter 702 to adjust the signal phase state of the second main radiator 3, which helps to increase the diversity of the signal phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the flexibility of the composite antenna's radiation pattern adjustment.

[0189] And in Figure 10 and Figure 11 Based on the embodiment shown, the phase shifter assembly 71 can also include only the second phase shifter 702, which can still improve the diversity of the phase difference between the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the adjustment flexibility of the composite antenna pattern.

[0190] Additionally, refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. (Similar to the above...) Figure 11 Compared to the antenna system shown, the antenna system further includes a second parasitic radiator 16 and a second tuning circuit 17, with the second parasitic radiator 16 coupled to the second tuning circuit 17. In this application, the second tuning circuit 17 can be configured with reference to the first tuning circuit 15, and can be used to switch the loading state of the second parasitic radiator 16 on the second main radiator 3. Specifically, the antenna system also includes a fifth control switch, which is used to control the coupling of the third branch or the fourth branch of the second tuning circuit 17 to the ground. When the fifth control switch controls the coupling of the third branch of the second tuning circuit 17 to the ground, the second parasitic radiator 16 generates a third resonance, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the second radiator. That is, at this time, the resonance generated by the second parasitic radiator 16 can be loaded onto the second main radiator 3, so that the current of the second main radiator 3 is distributed in a certain way, thereby allowing the second parasitic radiator 16 and the second main radiator 3 to jointly form a radiation pattern.

[0191] When the fifth control switch couples the fourth branch of the second tuning circuit 17 to the ground, the second parasitic radiator 16 generates a fourth resonance. The resonant frequency of the fourth resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the second main radiator 3. At this time, the resonance generated by the second parasitic radiator 16 is not applied to the second main radiator 3, and the current in the second main radiator 3 is distributed in a different way, thus causing the second parasitic radiator 16 and the second main radiator 3 to jointly form a different radiation pattern.

[0192] exist Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the loading or unloading of the first parasitic radiator 14 can switch the current distribution of the first main radiator 2, and the loading or unloading of the resonance generated by the second parasitic radiator 16 can switch the current distribution of the second main radiator 3. This allows the composite antenna formed by the first main radiator 2, the first parasitic radiator 14, the second main radiator 3, and the second parasitic radiator 16 to operate in various different combination modes, thereby forming various different radiation patterns. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, and thus improving the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0193] Based on the above description of the factors affecting antenna radiation patterns, in some possible embodiments of this application, the factors affecting antenna radiation patterns can be adaptively combined according to the adjustment requirements of radiation patterns in different application scenarios. For example, refer to... Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 Compared to the antenna system shown, in Figure 13In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna system further includes a first parasitic radiator 14, a first tuning circuit 15, and a third control switch, so that the first parasitic radiator 14 can be used to form a radiation pattern together with the first main radiator 2. The specific arrangement of the first parasitic radiator 14, the first tuning circuit 15, and the third control switch, and their influence on the radiation pattern of the first main radiator 2, are discussed below. Figure 11 The embodiments shown are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0194] Understandably, in Figure 13 In the embodiment shown, by performing impedance matching on the first main radiator 2 and adding the first parasitic radiator 14, the adjustment flexibility of the composite antenna pattern can be further improved, which is beneficial to improving the scannable range of the pattern, thereby improving the gain of the antenna system and / or the beamwidth of the pattern.

[0195] For example, in Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, with Figure 13 Compared to the antenna system shown, the antenna system may further include a second parasitic radiator 16, a second tuning circuit 17, and a fifth control switch, which can be referred to as... Figure 12 The illustrated embodiment is configured such that the second parasitic radiator 16 can influence the current distribution of the second main radiator 3. It is understood that... Figure 14 The design scheme shown can further improve the adjustment flexibility of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, which is conducive to improving the scan range of the radiation pattern, thereby improving the gain of the antenna system and / or the beamwidth of the radiation pattern.

[0196] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 Compared to the antenna system shown, Figure 15 The embodiment shown differs in that the first impedance matching circuit 9 is coupled to the first feed point 201 of the first main radiator 2, and the second impedance matching circuit 10 is coupled to the third feed point 202 of the first main radiator 2. In this case, the first control switch 8 is also used to control the power divider phase shifter network 7 to be coupled to the first feed point 201 through the first impedance matching circuit 9 or to the third feed point 202 through the second impedance matching circuit 10.

[0197] As described above, the antenna pattern can be adjusted by changing the feed point position of the main radiator. Therefore, the following method is adopted. Figure 15The antenna system design shown allows the radiation pattern of the antenna including the first main radiator 2 to be adjustable, thereby making the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3 adjustable. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna, thereby increasing the beamwidth of the antenna system's radiation pattern.

[0198] In practical applications, the distance between the first feed point 201 and the third feed point 202 can be greater than 1 / 3 of the overall length of the first main radiator 2. This allows for a larger distance between the first feed point 201 and the third feed point 202, so that when switching between the two feed points, the current distribution of the first main radiator 2 will be significantly different, thereby enabling the first main radiator 2 to produce different radiation patterns and increasing the diversity of the radiation patterns of the first main radiator.

[0199] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the distance between the first feed point 201 and the third feed point 202 may be greater than half the overall length of the first main radiator 2. This larger distance allows for a more significant impact on the current distribution of the first main radiator 2 by switching between the first feed point 201 and the third feed point 202, thereby increasing the diversity of the radiation pattern of the first main radiator 2.

[0200] Understandably, in Figure 8 and Figure 15 Based on the design of the antenna system shown, the power divider phase shifter network 7 can be coupled to different feed points of the second main radiator 3 by the second control switch 11, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna formed by the second main radiator 3 can be adjusted, thereby further improving the adjustment flexibility of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3.

[0201] The above embodiments only illustrate the circuitry in the antenna system and the electrical connections or coupling relationships of each radiator, and provide illustrative examples of the radiator placement positions (frames, brackets, or back covers, etc.). The specific forms of the radiators are also illustrated in the above embodiments, but are not limited thereto. For example, refer to... Figure 16 , Figure 16 This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in this application embodiment, used to illustrate the possible configurations of the various radiators in the antenna system. Specifically, in the antenna system provided in this application, the radiators can be as follows: Figure 16 The radiator shown in the dashed box, with one end grounded and the other open, is either... Figure 16 The radiator shown in the solid line frame is open at both ends, or is... Figure 16 The radiator shown by the single-dotted line is open at one end and connected to the tuning device at the other, or it is... Figure 16The double-dotted line indicates a radiator in the form of a combination of multiple radiators. Of course, there are other possible radiators, which are not listed here, but all should be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0202] It is understandable that, for a radiator comprising a combination of multiple radiators, the aperture of the entire radiator can be adjusted by modifying the way these multiple radiators are used in combination. For example, refer to... Figure 17 In the antenna system shown in this embodiment, the first main radiator 2 includes a fourth control switch 203, a first sub-radiator 204, and a second sub-radiator 205. A gap exists between the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205. The fourth control switch 203 is coupled between the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205, allowing the fourth control switch 203 to control the coupling of at least one of the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 to the first feed point 201. This allows for switching the equivalent capacitance and inductance values ​​of the first main radiator 2, thereby changing the current distribution and thus altering the radiation pattern.

[0203] It is worth mentioning that, in addition to being separated by a gap, the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 of the first main radiator 2 can also be connected by a grounding element in one possible embodiment. Therefore, in this application, the specific arrangement of the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 of the first main radiator 2 is not limited.

[0204] In addition, Figure 17 Based on the design of the antenna system shown, when the second main radiator 3 also includes multiple sub-radiators, a switch can be used to switch the coupling relationship between the multiple sub-radiators and the feed point in order to change the radiation pattern.

[0205] From the above text Figure 12 As can be seen from the description of the illustrated embodiment, by switching different branches of the first tuning circuit 15 via the third control switch, the first parasitic radiator 14 can have different effects on the current distribution of the first main radiator 2. Figure 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the switching of the coupling relationship between the fourth control switch 203 and the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 can also be understood as switching different branches of the tuning circuit through the control switch. Therefore, in a possible embodiment of this application, the coupling relationship between the fourth control switch 203 and the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 can also be understood as switching different branches of the tuning circuit through the control switch. In view of this, in one possible embodiment of this application, the coupling relationship between the fourth control switch 203 and the second sub-radiator 205 can also be further simplified. Figure 12 and Figure 17 The illustrated embodiments are combined. For specific implementation, please refer to... Figure 18 , Figure 18This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the power divider phase shifter network 7 is coupled to the first sub-radiator 204 and the second main radiator 3, and the first tuning circuit 15 is coupled to at least the second sub-radiator 205. Thus, different branches of the first tuning circuit 15 can be switched via a third control switch to achieve switching of different current distributions in the first main radiator 2.

[0206] For example, in one possible embodiment, when the third control switch controls the first branch of the first tuning circuit 15 to be connected to the second sub-radiator 205, the second sub-radiator 205 is coupled to the ground through the first branch, and the second sub-radiator 205 generates a first resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator 204. At this time, the second sub-radiator 205 can be considered as a parasitic radiator of the first sub-radiator 204, so that the current of the first sub-radiator 204 is distributed in a certain way, thereby distributing the current of the entire first main radiator 2 in a certain way. When the third control switch connects the second branch of the first tuning circuit 15 to the second sub-radiator 205, the second sub-radiator 205 couples with the ground through the second branch, generating a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator 204. At this time, the second sub-radiator 205 also acts as a parasitic radiator, affecting the current distribution of the first sub-radiator 204, causing the current of the first sub-radiator 204 to be distributed in a different way, thereby causing the current of the entire first main radiator 2 to be distributed in a different way. In other words, by switching the first and second branches of the first tuning device 15 through the third control switch, the current distribution mode of the first main radiator 2 can be switched, thereby switching the radiation pattern generated by the first main radiator 2. This is beneficial for improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, thereby improving the gain and beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0207] In addition, in this embodiment, a third control switch can be used to control the coupling of the third branch of the first tuning circuit 15 with the first sub-radiator 204, so that the second sub-radiator 205 and the first sub-radiator 204 are coupled. This allows the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205 to be used as a whole to form the radiation pattern of the first main radiator 2. Since the equivalent capacitance and inductance values ​​of the first main radiator 2 can be switched by switching the coupling relationship between the first sub-radiator 204 and the second sub-radiator 205, the current distribution of the first main radiator 2 can be changed, thereby changing the radiation pattern.

[0208] Figure 19 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 19In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna system further includes a fourth main radiator 18 and a sixth control switch 19. The first RF front-end module 5 is coupled to the power divider / phase shifter network 7 via the sixth control switch 19, or the first RF front-end module 5 is coupled to the fourth main radiator 18 via the sixth control switch 19. In this case, the RF chip 1 is also used to feed a first RF signal to the fourth main radiator 18 through the first RF front-end module 5. Thus, the sixth control switch 19 can be used to switch between the composite antenna including the first main radiator 2 and the second main radiator 3, and the antenna including the fourth main radiator 18, thereby adjusting the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system. This improves the diversity of the radiation pattern of the entire antenna system, thereby increasing the gain and / or beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0209] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of possible configurations of the antenna system for the mobile terminal provided in this application. Based on these, a series of modifications can be made. For example, various possible configurations of the phase shifter, parasitic radiator, impedance matching circuit, and feed point location of the main radiator in the power divider phase shifter network 7 can be reasonably combined.

[0210] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mobile terminal, characterized in that, The antenna system includes an antenna chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, a first radio frequency front-end module, a power divider phase-shifting network, a first control switch, a first impedance matching circuit, and a second impedance matching circuit, wherein: The radio frequency chip is coupled to the power divider phase shifter network through the first radio frequency front-end module, and the radio frequency chip feeds the first radio frequency signal to the first main radiator and the second main radiator respectively through the first radio frequency front-end module and the power divider phase shifter network; The power divider phase shifter network is coupled to the first control switch. The first impedance matching circuit is coupled to the first main radiator through the first control port of the first control switch. The second impedance matching circuit is coupled to the first main radiator through the second control port of the first control switch. The first control switch is used to control the power divider phase shifter network to be coupled to the first main radiator through the first impedance matching circuit or the second impedance matching circuit. The first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit are different.

2. The mobile terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device in the first impedance matching circuit connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator is different from at least one of the devices in the second impedance matching circuit connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator.

3. The mobile terminal as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The device in the first impedance matching circuit connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator is used to provide a first impedance phase, and the device in the second impedance matching circuit connected in series between the power divider phase shifter network and the first main radiator is used to provide a second impedance phase; the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase are different.

4. The mobile terminal as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The phase difference between the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase is greater than or equal to 45°, or the phase difference between the first impedance phase and the second impedance phase is greater than or equal to 90°.

5. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first impedance matching circuit is coupled to the first feed point of the first main radiator, and the second impedance matching circuit is coupled to the second feed point of the first main radiator.

6. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The mobile terminal includes a frame that surrounds the circumference of the mobile terminal. A first main radiator is disposed on the frame, and a second main radiator is disposed on the frame. A power divider / phase shifter network is coupled to a first feed point of the first main radiator and to a third feed point of the second main radiator. The minimum distance d1 between the first feed point of the first main radiator and the third feed point of the second main radiator satisfies: d1≥5mm.

7. The mobile terminal as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The frame includes multiple side frames connected in sequence, and at least a portion of the first main radiator and at least a portion of the second main radiator are disposed on the same side frame.

8. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The mobile terminal further includes a frame, a circuit board, and a back cover, with the frame surrounding the circuit board and the back cover; at least one of the first main radiator and the second main radiator is disposed between the circuit board and the back cover; the power divider phase shifter network is coupled to the first feed point of the first main radiator and the power divider phase shifter network is coupled to the third feed point of the second main radiator; the minimum distance d2 between the first feed point of the first main radiator and the third feed point of the second main radiator satisfies: d2≥5mm.

9. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The power divider phase shifter network includes a first phase shifter and / or a second phase shifter; the first phase shifter is coupled to the first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit through the first control switch, and the second phase shifter is coupled to the second radiator.

10. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The antenna system further includes a second control switch, a third impedance matching circuit, and a fourth impedance matching circuit; the power divider phase-shifting network is also coupled to the second control switch; the third impedance matching circuit is coupled to the second main radiator through the third control port of the second control switch; the fourth impedance matching circuit is coupled to the second radiator through the fourth control port of the second control switch; the second control switch is used to control the power divider phase-shifting network to couple to the second main radiator through the third impedance matching circuit or the fourth impedance matching circuit; the third impedance matching circuit is different from the fourth impedance matching circuit.

11. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The antenna system further includes a first parasitic radiator, a first tuning circuit, and a third control switch. The first parasitic radiator is coupled to the first tuning circuit, and the third control switch is used to control the coupling of a first branch or a second branch of the first tuning circuit to the ground. When the third control switch controls the first branch of the first tuning circuit to couple with the ground, the first parasitic radiator generates a first resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the first main radiator. When the third control switch controls the second branch of the first tuning circuit to couple with the ground, the first parasitic radiator generates a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the second resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the first main radiator.

12. The mobile terminal as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The mobile terminal includes a frame that surrounds the circumference of the mobile terminal. The first main radiator is disposed on the frame, and the first parasitic radiator is disposed on the frame. When both ends of the first main radiator are open, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ L. When one end of the first main radiator is open and the other end is grounded, the maximum distance d3 between the first main radiator and the first parasitic radiator satisfies: 0 < d3 ≤ 2L.

13. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first main radiator includes a fourth control switch, a first sub-radiator, and a second sub-radiator. The fourth control switch is coupled between the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator and is used to control at least one of the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator to be coupled to the first feed point.

14. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The antenna system further includes a second parasitic radiator, a second tuning circuit, and a fifth control switch. The second parasitic radiator is coupled to the second tuning circuit, and the fifth control switch is used to control the coupling of the third or fourth branch of the second tuning circuit to the ground. When the fifth control switch controls the third branch of the second tuning circuit to couple with the ground, the second parasitic radiator generates a third resonance, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the second main radiator. When the fifth control switch controls the fourth branch of the second tuning circuit to couple with the ground, the second parasitic radiator generates a fourth resonance, and the resonant frequency of the fourth resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the second main radiator.

15. A mobile terminal, characterized in that, The antenna system includes an antenna chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, a first radio frequency front-end module, a power divider / phase shifter network, a first tuning circuit, and a third control switch, wherein: The radio frequency chip is coupled to the power divider phase shifter network through the first radio frequency front-end module; the first main radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, the power divider phase shifter network is coupled to the first sub-radiator and the power divider phase shifter network is coupled to the second main radiator, and the radio frequency chip feeds the first sub-radiator and the second main radiator with a first radio frequency signal through the first radio frequency front-end module and the power divider phase shifter network respectively. The first tuning circuit is coupled to at least the second sub-radiator, and the third control switch is used to switch different branches of the first tuning circuit.

16. The mobile terminal as described in claim 15, characterized in that, When the third control switch controls the first branch of the first tuning circuit to be connected to the second sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator is coupled to the ground through the first branch, and the second sub-radiator generates a first resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance falls within the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator. When the third control switch controls the second branch of the first tuning circuit to be connected to the second sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator is coupled to the ground through the second branch, and the second sub-radiator generates a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance falls outside the operating frequency band of the first sub-radiator.

17. The mobile terminal as described in claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, When the third control switch controls the third branch of the first tuning circuit to couple with the first sub-radiator, the second sub-radiator couples with the first sub-radiator.

18. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The second sub-radiator is separated from the first sub-radiator by a gap; or the second sub-radiator is connected to the first sub-radiator by a grounding component.

19. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The antenna system further includes a third main radiator and a second radio frequency front-end module. The radio frequency chip is coupled to the third main radiator through the second radio frequency front-end module. The radio frequency chip is also used to feed the first radio frequency signal to the third main radiator through the second radio frequency front-end module.

20. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, The antenna system further includes a fourth main radiator and a sixth control switch. The first radio frequency front-end module is coupled to the power divider phase-shifting network through the sixth control switch, or the first radio frequency front-end module is coupled to the fourth main radiator through the sixth control switch. The radio frequency chip is also used to feed the first radio frequency signal to the fourth main radiator through the first radio frequency front-end module.

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