Method for determining fault information of optical link and signal processing device

Abstract

The invention provides a method for determining fault information of an optical link and a signal processing device, relates to the field of optical communication, and aims to accurately position a fault and accurately estimate the residual life of a laser in an optical module, so that the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the reliability of the optical link is improved. The method is applied to a network comprising at least two communication devices, and the at least two communication devices are connected through an optical link. The optical link comprises a single optical fiber, and the single optical fiber comprises a plurality of channels. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring first feature data of a plurality of channels corresponding to first communication equipment, wherein the first communication equipment is one of at least two pieces of communication equipment; and outputting fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data, wherein the fault information comprises a fault type of the optical link. The embodiment of the invention is applied to optical communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication, and more particularly to a method and signal processing apparatus for determining fault information of an optical link. Background Technology

[0002] Optical communication technology is a communication technology that uses light waves as the transmission medium. It has advantages such as large transmission capacity and good security. Generally, a communication network that uses optical communication technology is called an optical communication network.

[0003] Typically, an optical communication network comprises communication equipment and an optical transmission medium. Communication equipment communicates with each other by transmitting light waves through the optical transmission medium. Optical communication networks can be applied to various scenarios, such as artificial intelligence (AI) data center networks. The architecture of an AI data center network includes network management equipment (e.g., network management devices), multiple communication devices (e.g., compute nodes, switches), and optical links connecting these devices. Generally, communication equipment includes optical modules (including lasers) and fiber optic interfaces. Optical links connect to optical modules through these interfaces. The stability of the optical links is crucial for the normal operation of the data center network. For example, when an optical link between communication devices fails, problems such as retransmission timeouts and intermittent alarms (sudden interruptions followed by rapid recovery) may occur.

[0004] Currently, there is a lack of effective solutions for locating the aforementioned problems. Typically, technicians perform on-site repairs, which is not only inefficient but also increases maintenance costs, making it difficult to improve the reliability of the optical link. Therefore, a technical solution is needed that can accurately locate the fault and accurately estimate the remaining lifetime of the laser in the optical module. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a method for determining fault information of an optical link, as well as a signal processing device, an optical communication network, and the signal processing method. The signal processing method can accurately locate the fault and accurately estimate the remaining lifetime of the laser in the optical module, thereby reducing maintenance costs and improving the reliability of the optical link.

[0006] Firstly, a method for determining fault information of an optical link is provided. The method is applied to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected by an optical link; the optical link comprises a single optical fiber, and the single optical fiber comprises multiple channels. The method includes: acquiring first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to a first communication device, the first communication device being one of the at least two communication devices; and outputting fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data, the fault information including the fault type of the optical link.

[0007] The above method can be executed by a first communication device or a management device. Optionally, the management device can be a network management system.

[0008] Therefore, using the above scheme, based on the acquired characteristic data of the first communication device (i.e., the first characteristic data), the fault type of the optical link between the two communication devices can be determined, and fault information including the fault type of the optical link between the two communication devices can be output. Specifically, when two communication devices in the network cannot communicate normally, the transmission status of multiple channels in the single optical fiber connecting the two communication devices will change. For example, the transmission status of one channel in the single optical fiber connecting the two communication devices may be inconsistent with the transmission status of other channels. Therefore, based on the acquired first characteristic data, the transmission status of multiple channels in the single optical fiber between the first communication device and the other connected communication device can be compared, thereby determining the transmission status of the optical link (e.g., the fault type). Based on this, the above scheme can acquire the characteristic data of the communication devices, determine the degree of inconsistency between the transmission status of a certain channel and the transmission status of other channels (also called inconsistency characteristics), thereby determining the fault type of the optical link, and then outputting it in the form of fault information. Thus, the above scheme can achieve accurate location of faults in the optical link between two communication devices, thereby reducing maintenance costs and improving the reliability of the optical link.

[0009] In one possible implementation, all communication devices include optical modules, and these optical modules are connected via optical links. Each optical module includes multiple lasers, and the number of optical emitting devices corresponds to the number of channels in the optical link. Therefore, the acquired first feature data can be the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the optical modules in the first communication device.

[0010] Optionally, possible fault types in the optical link include: dirty fiber optic interface, loose fiber optic interface, and abnormal light reception by the optical module. Of course, the possible fault types in the optical link may include more types, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes first detection index data; obtaining the first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: obtaining the first detection index data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device.

[0012] In the above scheme, the first feature data includes first detection index data for multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device. Typically, detection index data can be obtained directly through methods such as direct detection. Thus, by detecting the detection index data of the first communication device, the first detection index data can be directly obtained. Furthermore, the first feature data can be obtained based on the first detection index data.

[0013] Optionally, the first feature data can be obtained by directly using the first detection index data as the first feature data.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes first feature index data; obtaining the first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: obtaining the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; and generating the first feature index data based on the first detection index data.

[0015] In the above scheme, the first feature data includes the first detection index data. Therefore, when obtaining the first feature data, the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device is first obtained. Further, the first feature index data is generated based on the obtained first detection index data, thereby obtaining the first feature data. For example, the first detection index data can be obtained through direct detection. Then, by performing corresponding mathematical calculations (such as calculating the average) on the obtained first detection index data, the first feature index data can be obtained.

[0016] Optionally, before outputting the optical link fault information based on the first feature data, the method further includes: determining that the optical link has a fault based on the acquired first detection index data.

[0017] This implementation method can be executed by the first communication device or the management device.

[0018] Therefore, the above solution can directly obtain the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device, and based on this first detection index data, it can determine that there is a fault in the optical link between the two communication devices. Specifically, the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the communication device can be directly obtained through detection and other methods. Furthermore, based on the obtained first detection index data, the communication device can determine whether there is an anomaly in the transmission of multiple channels, thereby determining whether there is a fault in the optical link. For example, by comparing the obtained first detection index data with a threshold, the communication device can determine whether the detected first detection index data of multiple channels is abnormal, thereby determining whether the transmission of multiple channels is abnormal. Of course, the communication device can also determine whether there is an anomaly in the transmission of multiple channels through other methods based on the obtained first detection index data, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0019] For example, feature index data for multiple channels can be generated based on detection index data from multiple channels, and then the presence of a fault in the optical link can be determined based on the feature index data. Optionally, based on the feature index data, it can be determined that the transmission status of multiple channels between the first communication device and another connected communication device is inconsistent, thereby determining the specific fault type.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring alarm information of the first communication device, wherein the alarm information is used to indicate that the first communication device has a hardware fault.

[0021] This implementation method can be executed by the management device.

[0022] In the above scheme, the management device can acquire alarm information indicating a hardware fault in the first communication device. This alarm information typically indicates a hardware fault in the optical module of the first communication device. In one possible implementation, the management device also acquires first characteristic data of the first communication device and determines the fault type of the optical link based on this first characteristic data. Therefore, based on the above scheme, the management device can not only determine other possible fault types of the optical link based on the acquired first characteristic data, but also determine potential hardware faults in the communication device based on the acquired alarm information. Thus, through the above scheme, the management device can simultaneously determine the fault condition of the optical link based on both the acquired alarm information and the first characteristic data.

[0023] In one possible implementation, outputting the optical link fault information based on the first feature data includes: outputting the optical link fault information based on the first feature data and alarm information, wherein the fault type of the fault information indicates that the first communication device is receiving light abnormally.

[0024] Based on the above scheme, when the management device outputs optical link fault information based on the first characteristic data, it can determine the fault type of the optical link based on the acquired first characteristic data. Simultaneously, based on the acquired alarm information, the management device can determine potential hardware faults in the communication equipment. This alarm information typically indicates a hardware fault (e.g., abnormal optical reception) in the optical module of the first communication equipment. Generally, hardware faults in communication equipment will severely impact signal transmission (e.g., interruption), thus requiring timely location and maintenance. When a hardware fault is determined in the communication equipment, this fault type has higher priority; therefore, the determined fault type is abnormal optical reception in the first communication equipment. Thus, through the above scheme, the management device can determine and prioritize the output of the hardware fault—abnormal optical reception—in the communication equipment based on the acquired alarm information and the first characteristic data, enabling timely fault location and maintenance.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring second feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the second communication device, wherein the second communication device is another of at least two communication devices; and outputting fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data, including: outputting fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data and the second feature data.

[0026] This implementation method can be executed by the management device.

[0027] In the above scheme, the first characteristic data of the first communication device and the second characteristic data of the second communication device are acquired. These acquired first and second characteristic data are used to determine the fault type of the optical link and output the result. Specifically, the first and second communication devices are a set of communication devices connected to the optical link for signal transmission and reception; for example, the first communication device is a transmitting device, and the second communication device is a receiving device. Based on this, using the information from the communication devices on both sides, the transmission status of the signal output by the transmitting device (e.g., signal magnitude, strength) and the transmission status of the signal received by the receiving device can be determined and compared. Therefore, the above scheme can combine the characteristic data of the communication devices on both sides of the optical link to determine the signal transmission status on both sides of the optical link, thereby more accurately determining the fault type of the optical link. In one possible implementation, the first detection index data includes one or more of the following: received optical power, signal-to-noise ratio of received optical power, feedforward error correction data, and cyclic redundancy check data.

[0028] Optionally, the first detection index data for multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: the received optical power of the first communication device, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received optical power, feedforward error correction (FEC) data, and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) data. Typically, the received optical power of the communication device can be obtained by detecting the communication device or the optical link. Thus, when multiple received optical powers are detected, the SNR of the received optical power can be obtained by performing corresponding calculations on these multiple received optical powers. For example, FEC data or CRC data can be obtained by performing corresponding statistics on the multiple received optical powers detected. Of course, the detection index data may also include other possible parameters or data, which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes one or more of the following: the standard deviation of the median of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the standard deviation of the slope of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the mean of the difference mean of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the extreme value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of two adjacent wavelengths in the optical link, and the standard deviation of the median of the time series of signal-to-noise ratio of each channel in the optical link.

[0030] Based on the above scheme, the first characteristic data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the first communication device can be determined by performing corresponding calculations on the detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the communication device. For example, if the received optical power of each channel of the communication device is obtained within a certain period of time, the characteristic data (i.e., the standard deviation of the median of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link) can be obtained by taking the median of the multiple received optical powers obtained within that period of time and then calculating the standard deviation.

[0031] Secondly, a signal processing method is provided. This signal processing method is applied to a network including at least two communication devices connected via an optical link; the at least two communication devices include a first communication device, which includes an optical module. The signal processing method includes: acquiring first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; and outputting remaining lifetime indication information for the optical module based on the first feature data and a prediction model; wherein the remaining lifetime indication information is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to an optical power threshold.

[0032] The above method can be executed by a management device. Optionally, the management device can be a network management system.

[0033] Based on the above scheme, the management device, based on the acquired first feature data of the first communication device, can output remaining lifetime information indicating the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold. For example, the management device can generate (e.g., through online training) a prediction model for predicting the remaining lifetime of the optical module using the acquired first feature data, thereby determining and outputting the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold using this prediction model. Of course, this prediction model can also be pre-set in the management device, and the remaining lifetime of the optical module can be predicted using the pre-set prediction model. That is, the management device inputs the acquired first feature data into the pre-set prediction model, and determines and outputs the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold using this prediction model. The embodiments of this application do not limit this. Therefore, the above scheme can determine and output the remaining lifetime of the degraded optical module based on the acquired first feature data.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the management device, based on the acquired first characteristic data, can first determine whether a fault exists in the optical link. Specifically, if the management device determines that the optical link has a fault (e.g., fiber bending, loose or dirty interfaces), but the optical module has not degraded, then there is no need to predict the remaining lifetime of the optical module. Once the management device has ruled out certain possible faults in the optical link and determined that the optical module of the communication device has degraded, it can determine the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold based on the first characteristic data. For example, when the received optical power of one of multiple channels differs significantly from the received optical power of other channels (generally considered to be greater than 3 dB), it is usually identified as a degraded optical module.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes first detection index data; obtaining the first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: obtaining the first detection index data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device.

[0036] The technical effects of the above implementation methods can be referred to the technical effects of the corresponding implementation methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes first feature index data; obtaining the first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: obtaining the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; and generating the first feature index data based on the first detection index data.

[0038] The technical effects of the above implementation methods can be referred to the technical effects of the corresponding implementation methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the above signal processing method further includes: acquiring a sensitivity parameter, which is used to determine the probability of a change point occurring in the first feature data.

[0040] The above method can be executed by a management device. Optionally, the management device can be a network management system.

[0041] Based on the above scheme, the management device can determine whether the first characteristic data has changed using sensitivity parameters, i.e., determine the probability of the characteristic data changing. Generally, the management device receives alarm information reported by the communication device and can determine whether the optical module of the communication device has degraded based on the alarm information. However, when the communication device does not report alarm information, the management device can only rely on the historical received optical data of the communication device to determine whether the optical module has degraded, in order to further predict the remaining lifespan of the optical module.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the remaining lifetime information of the optical module is output based on the first feature data and the prediction model, including: determining the first feature data according to the sensitivity parameter; and outputting the remaining lifetime information of the optical module based on the first feature data and the prediction model.

[0043] Based on the above scheme, the management device can determine the first characteristic data according to the sensitivity parameters. Furthermore, by using all or part of the characteristic data, it can determine the single-channel characteristics of the first communication device (where the received optical power of a single channel differs significantly from the received optical power of other channels); or whether the received optical power of the first communication device has experienced a prolonged period of gradual degradation (i.e., a slow decrease in received optical power), thereby determining whether the optical module of the communication device has deteriorated. For example, the management device can segment the historical received optical power of a single channel that differs significantly from other channels. As another example, the management device can distinguish the received optical power before a rapid degradation (i.e., a rapid decrease in received optical power) and the received optical power after a rapid degradation into two intervals. Furthermore, after determining the first characteristic data using the sensitivity parameters, the management device can selectively select portions of the first characteristic data (e.g., selecting the portions where gradual degradation or rapid degradation occurs), thereby more accurately predicting the remaining lifetime of the optical module.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the optical power threshold includes a detection optical power threshold or a termination optical power threshold; wherein, the detection optical power threshold is used to represent the minimum received optical power that the optical module supports for service transmission; and the termination optical power threshold is used to represent the maximum received optical power that the optical module cannot transmit services.

[0045] Specifically, when the detection index data or characteristic data of the communication equipment is less than the detection optical power threshold, the optical module can still transmit services, but the quality of service transmission may be poor. When the detection index data or characteristic data of the communication equipment is less than the termination optical power threshold, the optical module cannot transmit services. Based on different optical power thresholds, the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the termination optical power threshold can be determined. In one possible implementation, if it is predicted that the detection index data or characteristic data of the first communication device will be less than the termination optical power threshold for a longer period, and the prediction that the detection index data or characteristic data of the second communication device will be less than the termination optical power threshold for a shorter period, then priority is given to repairing the optical module in the second communication device. Therefore, by predicting the lifetime of the optical module based on different optical power thresholds, the repair priority of the degraded optical module can be determined.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first detection index data includes one or more of the following: the temperature of the first communication device, the voltage of the first communication device, the temperature of the optical module of the first communication device, the upper limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the lower limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the received optical power of the first communication device at the current moment, the operating time of the optical module of the first communication device, and the manufacturing time of the optical module of the first communication device.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first feature data includes: a sudden drop feature used to characterize a sharp change in the detection index data, wherein the sudden drop feature includes the number of times the detection index data undergoes a sharp change, the duration of each sharp change, and the magnitude of the change in the power of the sharp change; or, the time since the most recent sharp change.

[0048] Thirdly, a signal processing apparatus is provided. This apparatus is applied to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected via an optical link; the optical link comprises a single optical fiber, and the single optical fiber comprises multiple channels. The signal processing apparatus comprises: a processing unit and an interface unit; the interface unit is used to acquire first characteristic data of multiple channels corresponding to a first communication device, the first communication device being one of the at least two communication devices; the processing unit is used to output fault information of the optical link based on the first characteristic data acquired by the interface unit, the fault information including the fault type of the optical link.

[0049] Fourthly, a signal processing apparatus is provided. The signal processing apparatus includes a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the signal processing apparatus to perform the signal processing method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0050] Fifthly, a signal processing apparatus is provided, applied to a network including at least two communication devices connected via an optical link; the at least two communication devices include a first communication device, the first communication device including an optical module. The signal processing apparatus includes: a processing unit and an interface unit; the interface unit is used to acquire first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; the processing unit is used to output remaining lifetime indication information of the optical module based on the first feature data acquired by the interface unit and a prediction model; wherein the remaining lifetime indication information is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to an optical power threshold.

[0051] A sixth aspect provides a signal processing apparatus. The signal processing apparatus includes a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the signal processing apparatus to perform the signal processing method as described in any second aspect.

[0052] A seventh aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the first or second aspects.

[0053] Eighthly, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the first or second aspects.

[0054] The technical effects of any of the possible design methods in the third to eighth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the technical effects of different design methods in the first and second aspects mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an optical communication network provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 An architecture diagram of an optical communication network provided for embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a signal processing method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of fault identification provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 5 A flowchart for fault identification provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fault type provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 A flowchart for lifetime prediction provided for embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 A flowchart for determining optical module degradation is provided for embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a sensitivity parameter provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a signal processing method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 11 A flowchart for lifetime prediction is provided as another embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 12 A flowchart illustrating a remaining lifetime correction method provided for embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus provided for another embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus provided for yet another embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus provided for yet another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0071] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features relating to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches may also be used. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0072] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] Optical communication technology uses light waves as the transmission medium to achieve communication, and a communication network that uses optical communication technology is called an optical communication network. Typically, an optical communication network includes multiple communication devices and an optical transmission medium, and communication between two communication devices is achieved by transmitting light waves through the optical transmission medium.

[0074] Optical communication networks can be applied to different scenarios, such as AI data center networks.

[0075] For example, refer to Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an optical communication network, showcasing the architecture of an optical communication network (also known as a data center network) applied to AI data center scenarios. Specifically, it combines... Figure 1 As shown, the data center network includes: network management equipment (refer to...) Figure 1 Controller 101 and communication equipment (see reference) Figure 1 The computing nodes 102 and 103, and switches 104 to 110, as well as the optical links connecting the communication devices.

[0076] Optionally, the communication equipment in an optical communication network includes different types of devices, such as Figure 1 The computing nodes 102 and 103, and switches 104 to 110 are included. Of course, communication devices in an optical communication network can also perform similar functions, such as gateways. It is easy to understand that, for ease of explanation, only [the specific example mentioned here] is used. Figure 1 The architecture shown is an example and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In one possible implementation, the network management device described above is implemented by a network management device (also called a network management unit).

[0077] Typically, communication devices in an optical communication network (such as switches 104 to 110 mentioned above) include optical modules (including lasers as optical transmitters) and fiber optic interfaces. Optical links are established between the communication devices and the optical modules through the fiber optic interfaces. Optionally, the optical module typically includes a laser as an optical transmitter and an optical receiver for receiving light.

[0078] In one possible implementation, an optical link refers to the entire line from the transmission of light output from an optical transmitting device (such as a laser in an optical module within any of the aforementioned switches) to an optical receiving device (such as an optical receiving device within any of the aforementioned switches), where light undergoes photoelectric conversion and is output. Optionally, an optical link includes an optical transmitting device, an interface for the optical transmitting device, an optical fiber interface, an optical fiber, an interface for the optical receiving device, and the optical receiving device itself.

[0079] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 As shown, the data center network is a leaf-spine topology network structure, including controller 101, compute nodes 102 and 103, an out-of-band management network, and a parameter plane network. Specifically, the parameter plane network is typically used for service transmission and includes switches 104 to 110. Switches 104 and 105 are spine nodes, while switches 107 to 110 are leaf nodes. The out-of-band management network, including switch 106, is used for managing and maintaining the parameter plane network.

[0080] Since all communication devices in this data center network are connected via optical links, the stability of these optical links is crucial for the normal operation of the network. For example, a failure in the optical link between the compute nodes (including compute nodes 102 and 103) and the leaf nodes (including switches 107 to 110) can lead to retransmission timeouts and consequently service outages. Figure 1 In the AI ​​data center scenario shown, this business is typically an AI training task.

[0081] For example, due to the redundant design between nodes, an optical link failure between the leaf node switches (including switches 107 to 110) and the spine node switches (including switches 104 and 105) may cause intermittent optical link interruptions, thereby affecting service transmission.

[0082] In summary, when an optical link between communication devices fails, problems such as retransmission timeouts and intermittent optical link interruptions may occur.

[0083] Generally, the main types of failures in optical links include: loose interfaces (i.e., poor connection) and dirty interfaces. Additionally, laser failure in the optical module on the emitting side can also be a type of failure.

[0084] Based on the above issues, repairs are typically performed on-site by technicians. Specifically, when an optical link intermittent interruption occurs, technicians will intervene on-site to repair the fault. Since the causes of optical link intermittent interruptions are varied, technicians generally employ solutions including cleaning the optical module and fiber interfaces, replacing the fiber, and replacing the optical module. This process of locating the fault is time-consuming and increases maintenance costs. Furthermore, due to insufficient preparation by technicians or the failure to address the root cause of the fault, multiple on-site interventions may be required.

[0085] On the other hand, for the type of failure where the laser in an optical module fails, the failed laser is usually replaced. However, replacing it during service transmission will severely impact service delivery. Therefore, if the time remaining until the laser in the optical module fails (also known as remaining time or remaining lifetime) can be predicted, the failure can be warned in advance, thus avoiding the impact of replacing the optical module on service transmission. For example, when multiple optical module components fail, their remaining time until failure can be predicted, and the replacement times of these optical modules can be prioritized, allowing for the replacement of modules with shorter remaining times.

[0086] Based on the above, it is necessary to accurately locate the faults in the optical link (including fault type identification) and accurately estimate the remaining lifetime of the optical module laser.

[0087] For example, the following five methods can typically be used to determine the type of failure in an optical link or to estimate the remaining lifetime of the laser in an optical module. Specific details are provided below.

[0088] This is achieved through corresponding AI algorithms. The main input to this scheme is minute-level (in minutes) optical path performance data (such as optical power data and FEC data). By processing this data, the scheme determines whether there are potential optical path contamination issues. Simultaneously, based on the performance data of the optical module on the emitting side, the scheme typically estimates and determines the remaining lifespan of the laser in the optical module.

[0089] Therefore, the above scheme can be used to determine the fault type of the optical link or estimate the remaining lifetime of the optical module laser.

[0090] Generally, when optical modules are dirty, multipath interference (MPI) will lead to increased noise fluctuations. However, the above-mentioned methods cannot accurately determine the type of fault based solely on MPI when locating faults in optical links.

[0091] Meanwhile, the estimation of the remaining lifetime of the optical module laser depends on the following factors.

[0092] First, it depends on the working mechanism of the optical module. The above solution is generally applicable to optical modules with constant emission power or constant bias current. However, for other optical modules whose working mechanism has changed (such as 400G optical modules), that is, optical modules that are no longer constant emission power or constant bias current, but instead provide a certain bias current compensation when a temperature rise is detected, the constant bias current remains constant under constant temperature conditions.

[0093] Secondly, it depends on the luminous power of the optical module. Typically, the luminous power can be directly obtained from the monitor photodiode (mPD) within the optical module. However, with the evolution of optical module emission rates, due to considerations of internal packaging space and cost, some optical modules do not contain mPD devices (e.g., 400G optical modules). For optical modules without mPD devices, the luminous power needs to be obtained by fitting the relationship between the built-in luminous power and the bias current.

[0094] Furthermore, it relies on built-in threshold relationships. Different optical module types, manufacturers, or production batches have different thresholds, making it difficult to determine whether laser degradation has occurred using a uniform threshold.

[0095] For the reasons mentioned above, a solution is needed that can accurately locate the fault type of the optical link, determine whether the laser has deteriorated, and estimate the remaining lifespan of the optical module laser.

[0096] For example, refer to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an architecture diagram of an optical communication network, illustrating a deployment architecture for an optical communication network. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 2 As shown, the optical communication network includes: two communication devices (refer to...) Figure 2 Communication equipment 201, communication equipment 202), network management (refer to) Figure 2 Network management 203) and fiber optic (refer to Figure 2 (The thick black solid line in the image). Among them, communication equipment 201 includes optical module 201-1 and optical fiber interface 201-2, and communication equipment 202 includes optical module 202-1 and optical fiber interface 202-2.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the optical modules (i.e., optical module 201-1 and optical module 202-1) in the communication equipment include an optical emitting device, namely a laser. Optionally, the communication equipment includes an optical receiving device (…). Figure 2 (Not shown in the image). It is easy to understand that, for ease of explanation, only the image shown here is used. Figure 2 The architecture shown is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0098] Reference Figure 2 As shown, taking communication device 201 as the transmitting device and communication device 202 as the receiving device as an example. Specifically, the laser output light in the optical module 201 of communication device 201 is transmitted to the optical fiber through the optical fiber interface 201-1, and then to communication device 202. Communication device 202 receives the light transmitted through the optical fiber through the optical fiber interface 202-2, and performs photoelectric conversion through the optical receiving device. The network management system 203 is used to adjust and manage the communication process between the communication devices. It is easy to understand that the transmission process from communication device 202 to communication device 201 can be referred to the above process, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] It should be noted that the optical fiber in the above architecture is typically a single fiber containing only one core, and this single fiber corresponds to multiple optical channels (referred to as channels), meaning that a single fiber includes multiple channels. For example, optical communication networks employing sparse wavelength division multiplexing, also known as coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) technology.

[0100] Based on the above architecture, embodiments of this application provide a signal processing method that can be applied to communication devices or network management systems. For example, refer to... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a signal processing method. This signal processing method can determine the fault type of the optical module by acquiring the corresponding information of the receiving device, thereby achieving accurate fault location and improving the fault identification accuracy.

[0101] The following will combine Figure 3 The signal processing method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below. Figure 2 The architecture shown in the following embodiments is illustrated using a first communication device as communication device 201, a second communication device as communication device 202, and a network management system 203 for executing the following signal processing method. This should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0102] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 2The architecture shown includes communication device 201, communication device 202, network management system 203, optical module 201-1 in communication device 201, and optical module 202-1 in communication device 202, all of which can be used to execute the signal processing method provided in the following embodiments of this application. Of course, other devices or equipment capable of performing similar functions can also execute the following signal processing method, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this. The signal processing method includes steps 301 to 304, which are described in detail below.

[0103] Step 301: Obtain the first feature data.

[0104] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, network management 203 acquires the first feature data.

[0105] Optionally, the first feature data includes first detection index data. That is, the first feature data includes the first detection indexes of multiple channels corresponding to the communication device 201. Therefore, obtaining the first feature data includes: obtaining the first detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device.

[0106] Optionally, the first detection index data may include one or more of the following: received optical power, signal-to-noise ratio of received optical power, feedforward error correction data, and cyclic redundancy check data.

[0107] In other examples, the first feature data includes first feature index data. Therefore, obtaining the first feature data includes: obtaining first detection index data for the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device; and generating first feature index data based on the first detection index data.

[0108] Optionally, the first characteristic index data includes one or more of the following: the standard deviation of the median of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the standard deviation of the slope of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the mean of the difference mean of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the extreme value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of two adjacent wavelengths in the optical link, and the standard deviation of the median of the time series of signal-to-noise ratio of each channel in the optical link.

[0109] Based on the above explanation, detection index data can usually be obtained directly by testing the optical module, while feature index data requires processing of the corresponding data obtained from the detection to determine its accuracy. For example, detection index data can be the detection index data of the optical module collected through the Common Management Information Service (CMIS) protocol interface or other standard protocol interfaces.

[0110] In one possible implementation, the first feature data is acquired by the communication device 201. For example, the optical module 201-1 in the communication device 201 can directly detect itself, thereby acquiring the first detection index data. Further, the communication device 201 generates and outputs the first feature data based on the acquired first detection index data. The communication device 201 can include the first feature data in a reported log, thereby reporting the first feature data to the network management system 203. In this way, the network management system 203 can obtain the first feature data by receiving the log reported by the communication device 201.

[0111] Of course, in other examples, the network management system 203 can also directly detect the communication device 201 to obtain the detection index data of the communication device 201. Furthermore, the network management system 203 obtains feature data based on the obtained detection index data.

[0112] It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the method of obtaining the first, nor does it limit the first to include detection index data or feature data.

[0113] In one possible implementation, the communication device 201 acquires first detection index data for multiple corresponding channels. Further, based on the acquired first detection index data, the communication device 201 determines that a fault exists in the optical link.

[0114] Step 302: Output the fault information of the optical link.

[0115] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, network management system 203 outputs optical link fault information based on the first information. This fault information includes the type of optical link fault.

[0116] In conjunction with step 301, in one possible implementation, the network management system 203 acquires first feature data of the first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module 201-1 of the communication device 201. Therefore, before step 302, the above signal processing method further includes: the network management system 203 determining that there is a fault in the optical link based on the acquired first detection index data.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the communication device 201 directly acquires detection index data for multiple channels corresponding to the communication device 201. Based on this, the communication device 201 can determine that there is a fault in the optical link based on the acquired detection index data for multiple channels. Furthermore, based on the acquired detection index data, the communication device 201 generates and sends first characteristic index data for the corresponding multiple channels of the communication device 201 to the network management system 203.

[0118] The network management system 203 determines the fault type of the optical link by receiving first characteristic data, including first characteristic index data of the communication device 201, and then outputs the fault information of the optical link. Alternatively, the network management system 203 can also determine the fault type of the optical link by receiving first characteristic data, including first detection index data of the communication device 201, and then output the fault information of the optical link.

[0119] Optionally, the above signal processing method further includes:

[0120] Step 303: Obtain the second feature data.

[0121] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, network management 203 acquires the second feature data.

[0122] Optionally, in conjunction with step 601, the second feature data includes second detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module 202-1 of the communication device 202, or includes second feature index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module 202-1 of the communication device 202.

[0123] It should be noted that the method for obtaining the second feature data can refer to the method for obtaining the first feature data described in step 301, and will not be repeated here.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the second feature data is obtained from the communication device 202. The optical module 202-1 in the communication device 202 can directly detect itself, thereby obtaining the second detection index data. Further, the communication device 202 generates and outputs the second feature data based on the obtained second detection index data. The communication device 202 can include the second feature data in a reported log, thereby reporting the second feature data to the network management system 203. In this way, the network management system 203 can obtain the first feature data by receiving the log reported by the communication device 202.

[0125] Based on this, step 302 includes: outputting fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data and the second feature data.

[0126] Optionally, the above signal processing method further includes:

[0127] Step 304: Obtain alarm information from the first communication device.

[0128] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, network management 203 obtains alarm information from communication device 201.

[0129] Optionally, the alarm information is used to indicate that there is a hardware fault in the communication device 201. Then step 302 includes: based on the first information and the alarm information, determining that the optical module 201-1 of the communication device 201 has an abnormal optical reception; the network management system 203 outputs the fault information of the optical link, and the fault information indicates that the optical module 201-1 of the communication device 201 has an abnormal optical reception.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the network management system 203 receives alarm information from the optical modules of the communication devices on both sides (i.e., the transmitting side and the receiving side). For example, this alarm information includes: abnormal light reception of optical module 202-1 in the receiving-side device 202, failure of the optical transmitter device in optical module 201 of the transmitting-side device 201, and failure of the interface chip, etc. Typically, alarm information indicating hardware faults in the optical modules of the communication devices has higher priority than interface faults. Therefore, the fault type of the optical link included in the output fault information is abnormal light reception of the optical module.

[0131] Therefore, based on steps 301 to 304 above, the above solution can accurately locate the fault in the optical link between two communication devices by acquiring feature data including detection index data or feature index data, thereby reducing operation and maintenance costs and improving the reliability of the optical link.

[0132] Based on the above method, exemplarily, refer to Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, an embodiment of this application provides a fault identification schematic, illustrating a process for interface fault identification based on the above method. Specifically, based on Figure 2 The architecture shown, combined with Figure 4 As shown, the interface fault identification process involves: a communication device (refer to...) Figure 4 The communication device 201 and network management system 203 are shown. The communication device 201 includes an optical module 201-1.

[0133] It should be noted that this is only based on Figure 2 The illustrated architecture is used as an example to explain the signal processing method described above, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. For example, Figure 4 The communication device in the application can also be communication device 202, and the optical module is optical module 202-1 in communication device 202. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a main control board (see reference). Figure 4 The main control board 201-3 and the service board shown are illustrated. Figure 4The service board 201-4 is shown. The main control board 201-3 is the core component controlling the normal operation of various parts of the communication equipment 201, generally used for data collection, processing, and command output. Service board 201-4 is used for receiving and sending data. It is easy to understand that, for ease of explanation, only the service board 201-4 is used here. Figure 4 The architecture shown is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0135] Specifically, in combination Figure 4 As shown, the process of interface fault identification in communication equipment includes the following steps 401 to 411:

[0136] Step 401: Optical module 201-1 acquires the first detection index data.

[0137] Specifically, optical module 201-1 acquires detection index data from multiple channels corresponding to communication device 201. In one possible implementation, optical module 201-1 acquires detection index data from all channels on the connected optical fiber interface at a sampling frequency in seconds (i.e., the sampling frequency is in seconds).

[0138] Step 402: Business board 201-4 receives the first detection index data.

[0139] Specifically, the service board 201-4 of the communication equipment 201 receives the first detection index data transmitted by the optical module 201-1. In one possible implementation, the service board 201-4 of the communication equipment 201 can determine whether an interface fault exists based on the detection index data.

[0140] Optionally, the service board 201-4 of the communication equipment 201 can determine whether there is an interface fault based on the collected detection index data and the corresponding threshold.

[0141] In other examples, the service board 201-4 of the communication device 201 determines the inconsistent characteristics of multiple channels on the optical fiber interface connected to the optical module 201-1 based on the collected detection index data, thereby determining whether there is an interface fault.

[0142] Step 403: The main control board 201-3 calculates the first characteristic index data.

[0143] Specifically, the main control board 201-3 calculates the first characteristic index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the optical module 201-1 based on the detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the optical module 201-1.

[0144] Step 404: Fault detection of optical module 201-1.

[0145] Specifically, optical module 201-1 performs fault detection on its own hardware and reports it to network management system 203.

[0146] Step 405: Fault information of the business board 201-4 acquisition module.

[0147] Specifically, the service board 201-4 of the communication equipment 201 collects module fault information indicating the fault detection results of the optical module 201-1.

[0148] Step 406: The main control board 201-3 reports to the network management system 203.

[0149] Specifically, the main control board 201-3 of the communication equipment 201 reports logs to the network management system 203.

[0150] Optionally, the log includes the first characteristic indicator data calculated by the main control board 201-3 based on the detection indicator data and the module fault information collected by the service board 201-4.

[0151] Step 407: Network management 203 obtains local feature data.

[0152] Specifically, the network management system 203 acquires the characteristic data of its own side (i.e., the optical module 201-1 of the communication device 201).

[0153] Step 408, Network Management System 203 Dirt / Loose Fault Identification.

[0154] Specifically, network management unit 203 determines the interface fault type of the optical link based on the data from optical module 201-1 of communication equipment 201. This interface fault type includes: interface contamination and interface looseness.

[0155] In one possible implementation, the above method also includes:

[0156] Step 409: Network management 203 obtains the feature data from the other side.

[0157] Specifically, the network management system 203 acquires the second characteristic data of the other side (i.e., the optical module 202-1 of the communication device 202).

[0158] In one possible implementation, after receiving the logs reported by the main control board 201-3 of communication device 201, the network management system can parse the logs to determine whether there is an interface fault (such as interface contamination) in the optical link. If an interface fault is determined, it will determine whether logs from the peer device (i.e., communication device 202) of communication device 201 have been received based on the topology information. If no corresponding logs are received after a period of time, the network management system 203 sends corresponding query information to the peer communication device 202, causing the peer communication device 202 to report logs carrying its own characteristic data to the network management system 203.

[0159] Optionally, the network management system 203 can send query information to the peer communication device based on the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) or the Network Configuration Protocol (Netconf). The query information should include the type of query event (e.g., mode = optical-query) and the interface name (e.g., object = 400G1 / 0 / 1).

[0160] Step 410, Network Management 203 jointly determine.

[0161] Specifically, the network management system 203 jointly determines the fault type of the optical link based on the feature data from both sides.

[0162] Optionally, the network management system 203 can analyze the feature data of the communication device 201 and the communication device 202 at the other end, and use a preset classification model to determine whether the interface fault is due to a loose interface or a dirty interface, thereby achieving joint determination of the fault type of the optical link.

[0163] In one possible implementation, the pre-built classification models of the network management system 203 include: offline trained extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models, random forest models, and other classification models.

[0164] Step 411: Network management system 203 outputs fault information.

[0165] Generally, due to the characteristics of the double lucent connector (DLC) interface, if the interface becomes loose, both the transceiver and receiver interfaces of the optical module will become loose. However, when the interface is contaminated, the probability of contamination on the transceiver and receiver interfaces of the optical module is independent; that is, not all interfaces on the transceiver and receiver ends of the optical module may become contaminated. Furthermore, data acquisition granularity is typically on the order of minutes, which introduces a delay in the data acquired by the network management system, affecting the results of fault diagnosis.

[0166] Based on this, the method provided in the embodiments of this application, by combining the characteristic data of the peer end, can determine the inconsistent characteristics of changes in each channel, thereby enabling accurate judgment of the interface fault type. Furthermore, the above scheme enables the optical index data acquired on the network management system to reach the second level, resulting in higher reliability and more accurate fault judgment.

[0167] based on Figure 4 The above, exemplary, reference Figure 5As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a flowchart for fault identification. Specifically, based on... Figure 2 The architecture shown, combined with Figure 5 As shown, the interface fault identification process involves: two communication devices (refer to...) Figure 4 The diagram shows communication equipment 201, communication equipment 202, and network management system 203. Communication equipment 201 includes optical module 201-1. It should be noted that this is only a partial example. Figure 2 The above signal processing method is illustrated using the architecture shown as an example and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0168] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the process of interface fault identification by the communication device includes the following steps 501 to 511. Specifically, the communication device 201 is used to execute steps 501 and 502, the network management system 203 is used to execute steps 503, 504 and steps 507 to 509, and the communication device 202 is used to execute steps 505 and 506.

[0169] For communication equipment 201:

[0170] Step 501: Communication device 201 detected a fault.

[0171] In one possible implementation, the communication device 201 detects and obtains detection index data to determine the existence of a fault.

[0172] Step 502: Communication device 201 reports logs.

[0173] Optionally, the communication device 201 may report logs carrying characteristic data to the network management system 203 through the main control board 201-3.

[0174] For network administrator 203:

[0175] Step 503: Network Management 203 Log Analysis.

[0176] In conjunction with step 502, network management system 203 receives the logs reported by communication device 201, parses the received logs, and obtains the characteristic data of communication device 201.

[0177] Step 504: Network management system 203 determines that the characteristic data of the peer has not been obtained and sends a query message.

[0178] Optionally, based on the received logs, the network management system 203 determines that it has received characteristic data from its own end (i.e., communication device 201) but has not received characteristic data from the other end (i.e., communication device 202). Further, the network management system 203 sends a query message to the communication device 202, causing the other end's communication device 202 to report logs carrying its own characteristic data to the network management system 203.

[0179] For communication equipment 202:

[0180] Step 505: Communication device 202 performs analysis.

[0181] In conjunction with step 504, communication device 202 receives query information from network management system 203 and parses the received query information.

[0182] Step 506: Communication device 202 reports logs.

[0183] In conjunction with step 505, communication device 202 parses the received query information and determines that feature data needs to be reported to network management system 203. Further, communication device 202 reports a log containing its own feature data to network management system 203.

[0184] For network administrator 203:

[0185] Step 507: Network management system 203 confirms that the characteristic data of the peer has been acquired and determines the fault type.

[0186] Combining steps 502 and 506 above, network management system 203 receives logs reported by communication device 201 and communication device 202. The logs reported by the communication devices carry their own characteristic data. Based on this, network management system 203 can determine the transmission status of the communication devices at both ends of the optical link according to the acquired characteristic data of the peer end, thereby accurately judging the fault type of the optical link.

[0187] Optionally, this fault type includes interface faults such as dirty interfaces and loose interfaces.

[0188] Step 508: Network management 203 determines that there are no hardware faults and outputs the interface fault type.

[0189] Specifically, based on the received logs, the network management system 203 determines that there are no hardware faults on the optical link and then outputs the specific fault type of the determined interface fault of the optical link.

[0190] Step 509: Network management system 203 determines that there is a hardware fault, resulting in abnormal optical output reception.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the network management system 203 may also receive alarm information from the optical module in the peer's communication equipment. For example, the alarm information may indicate abnormal light reception in the local communication equipment, failure of the optical transmitter device in the peer's communication equipment, or failure of the interface chip.

[0192] Typically, alarms for hardware faults have a higher priority than those for optical link interface faults. That is, when the network management system 203 determines that a hardware fault exists, the final output optical link fault type is optical reception anomaly.

[0193] Based on the above, and exemplarily, refer to Figure 6 As shown in the illustration, embodiments of this application also provide a schematic diagram of fault types, illustrating possible fault types in optical communication networks. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 6 As shown, it includes: two optical modules (refer to...) Figure 6 Optical modules 601 and 602, optical fibers, and interfaces (see reference) Figure 6 (Referring to 603 and 604 in the original text). The two optical modules correspond to the optical modules of the communication devices at both ends.

[0194] Optionally, optical module 601 is an optical module in a transmitting-side device, including a transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA). As another example, optical module 602 is an optical module in a receiving-side device, including a receiver optical subassembly (ROSA).

[0195] In some examples, the TOSA includes a laser for emitting light, such as a laser diode (LD). In one possible implementation, the optical module includes multiple LDs, the number of which corresponds to the number of channels in the optical module. The ROSA includes a photodiode for receiving light. It should be noted that this is only an example of... Figure 6 The illustrated architecture is used as an example to explain the signal processing method described above, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. For example, interfaces 603 and 604 can be implemented using fiber optic interfaces.

[0196] Typically, optical modules in communication devices are connected to each other via optical fibers, with the optical module connecting to the fiber through an interface. For more details, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 6 As shown, optical module 601 and optical module 602 are connected via optical fiber; specifically, optical module 601 is connected to the optical fiber via interface 603, and optical module 602 is connected to the optical fiber via interface 604. The light emitted by the TOSA in optical module 601 is transmitted to interface 604 via interface 603 and the optical fiber. The ROSA in optical module 602 receives the light emitted by optical module 601 via interface 604.

[0197] In one possible implementation, optical module 602 may include a TOSA, and optical module 601 may include a ROSA. Thus, the process of optical module 602 transmitting light to optical module 601 can be referred to the process described above, and will not be repeated here. Figure 6 As shown, the optical link includes the aforementioned TOSA, interface 603, optical fiber, interface 604, and ROSA.

[0198] Generally, optical links typically exhibit multiple failure modes. These failure modes all affect the received optical power of the optical modules in communication equipment, thereby impacting the equipment's performance indicators or characteristic data. Optionally, in conjunction with... Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned fault modes include: interface faults (including loose interfaces and dirty interfaces), fiber faults (such as fiber bending), fiber quality problems, fiber interface quality problems, PD degradation (this factor is usually not considered), laser degradation (such as LD degradation), and abnormal states such as short-term power drop caused by rapid temperature rise of the light-emitting side optical module. These faults will all affect the received light power of the optical module of the communication equipment.

[0199] Based on the above, when the laser used for emission in TOSA deteriorates, it severely impacts the normal operation of the optical module, leading to the malfunction of the optical link. Therefore, the lifetime of the optical module (and its laser) can only be predicted using the received power when laser degradation is confirmed.

[0200] based on Figure 2 The architecture shown is exemplary, referencing Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a flowchart for lifetime prediction. It is not difficult to understand that in the following embodiments of this application, communication device 201 is used as the local communication device and communication device 202 is used as the remote communication device, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0201] Specifically, in combination Figure 7 As shown, the process of achieving lifetime prediction includes steps 701 to 708 as described below. Steps 701 to 708 can be performed by the network management system 203 and other devices capable of similar functions; the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0202] Step 701: Receive reported faults.

[0203] In one possible implementation, if the communication device itself can identify the aforementioned fault types and report alarm information to the network management system, the network management system can receive the fault type of the communication device by receiving the alarm information reported by the communication device, thereby determining that the laser has deteriorated.

[0204] Step 702: Obtain data from the optical module at the other end.

[0205] In conjunction with step 701, if the communication device itself cannot identify the aforementioned fault types or the fault detection process on the communication device has not yet been triggered, the network management system needs to identify the fault based on the trend of the received optical power of the communication device to determine whether the laser has degraded. Therefore, the network management system 203 needs to acquire data from the optical module at the other end; this data is timing data indicating the received optical power of the optical module.

[0206] Optionally, step 702 includes: acquiring detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the communication device at different times; or, acquiring feature index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the communication device at different times.

[0207] Step 703: Identify laser degradation.

[0208] Based on the faults reported by the communication device 201 or the data obtained from the optical module of the peer device (i.e., the communication device 202), the network management system 203 can identify the degradation of the laser.

[0209] Step 704: Obtain sensitivity parameters.

[0210] The sensitivity parameter is used to determine the probability of a change point in the feature data. Optionally, this sensitivity parameter can be pre-configured on the network management system 203 or input into the network management system 203; the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0211] Step 705: Filter the data.

[0212] In conjunction with step 704, after the network management system 203 identifies the laser as degraded, based on the acquired sensitivity parameters, the acquired data of the optical module is filtered using appropriate methods (such as a change point detection algorithm), which can filter out the historical received power data of the optical module.

[0213] Step 706: Train the prediction model.

[0214] In conjunction with step 705, after the data is selected, the network management system 203 can use the selected data to train a prediction model online, that is, to train a prediction model that can predict the lifetime of optical modules online.

[0215] Step 707: Output remaining lifetime.

[0216] In conjunction with step 705, network management 203 can determine and output the remaining lifetime of the optical module (laser) through the online trained prediction model.

[0217] In one possible implementation, step 707 above includes: the network management system 203 outputting a lifetime indicator to indicate the remaining lifetime of the optical module.

[0218] Typically, they can be categorized by remaining lifespan range based on user configuration.

[0219] For example, if the remaining lifetime is greater than 2000 hours, the lifetime indicator will not issue an alarm. If the remaining lifetime is less than 2000 hours but greater than 1000 hours, the lifetime indicator will issue a 'normal' alarm. If the remaining lifetime is less than 1000 hours but greater than 100 hours, the lifetime indicator will issue a 'critical' alarm. If the remaining lifetime is less than 100 hours, the lifetime indicator will issue an 'emergency' alarm.

[0220] Optionally, the above process also includes:

[0221] Step 708: Obtain data from the optical module on this end.

[0222] In one possible implementation, the network management system 203 can determine and output the remaining lifespan of the optical module of the communication device 201 based on the data of the optical module of the local end (i.e., the communication device 201).

[0223] Through steps 701 to 708 above, the lifetime of the optical module can be predicted and the remaining lifetime can be output. However, the above solution can only be applied to scenarios of gradual and steep degradation in the laser degradation of the optical module. Scenarios with excessively high temperature or voltage (and simultaneously excessive bias current) will put additional pressure on the degradation of the optical module, thereby increasing the probability of sudden degradation (the received optical power drops directly to the loss of signal (LOS) point).

[0224] Therefore, before predicting the lifetime of an optical module, it is necessary to first determine whether the laser in the optical module of the transmitting device has deteriorated. For example, refer to... Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a flowchart for determining the degradation of an optical module, illustrating the process of determining the degradation of the laser in the optical module. It is not difficult to understand that in the following embodiments of this application, communication device 201 is used as the local communication device and communication device 202 is used as the remote communication device, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0225] Specifically, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the process of determining laser degradation includes steps 801 to 810. Step 801 can be executed by communication device 201, and steps 802 to 810 can be executed by network management system 203.

[0226] For communication equipment 201:

[0227] Step 801: Communication device 201 sends an alarm message about the optical link to network management system 203.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the input to the network management system 203 may include optical link alarm information on the communication device, wherein the alarm information is similar to a hardware fault description such as optical reception anomaly. Optionally, the alarm information is used to indicate any of the following: interface fault mode, fiber optic fault mode, and laser degradation of the transmitting device.

[0229] It's easy to understand that this input (i.e., the alarm information) is not mandatory for the network management system 203. However, this alarm information allows for a direct determination of whether the laser in the optical module has deteriorated, saving the network management system the computing resources that would otherwise be used to determine the laser's deterioration.

[0230] Step 802: Network management system 203 obtains data from the optical module at the other end.

[0231] Specifically, the network management system 203 acquires data from the optical module of the communication device 202 at the other end; wherein, the data is timing data indicating the received optical power of the optical module.

[0232] Optionally, step 802 includes: acquiring detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the communication device at different times; or, acquiring feature index data of multiple channels corresponding to the optical module of the communication device at different times.

[0233] Step 803: Network management system 203 determines that the data of the optical module at the other end meets the threshold.

[0234] Step 804: Network management 203 determines that the data of the optical module at the other end does not meet the threshold and therefore does not meet the single-channel characteristic.

[0235] In one possible implementation, combining steps 803 and 804 above, when the network management system 203 detects that the data of the optical module at the other end is lower than the detection threshold, it chooses to wait for the alarm information of the optical link of the communication device instead of directly executing the following steps, that is, not performing subsequent judgment.

[0236] Step 805: Network management 203 determines that the data of the optical module at the other end does not meet the threshold, and confirms that it meets the single-channel characteristic but does not meet the descent characteristic.

[0237] Combining steps 804 and 805 above, in the case of laser failure in an optical module, the vast majority of failures involve the laser in a single channel within the optical module. Therefore, when the data (e.g., received optical power) of one channel of the optical module differs significantly from the data of other channels (generally considered to be greater than 3dB), it will be identified as an optical module with laser degradation.

[0238] Step 806: In network management 203, determine that the optical module at the other end meets the descent characteristics and perform lifetime prediction.

[0239] Step 807, Network Management 203 determines laser degradation.

[0240] Step 808: Network management system 203 obtains data from the optical module at the other end.

[0241] For example, when a communication device does not support reporting optical link alarm information to the network management system, regardless of whether the data of the optical module at the other end is below the detection threshold, the network management system can only rely on the historical data of its own communication device to make a judgment. The network management system's judgment is based on: whether the single-channel characteristics are met, and whether an excessively long period of fading has occurred.

[0242] Step 809: Network management 203 determines that the single-channel characteristic is not met.

[0243] Specifically, network management system 203 determined that the data from the optical module at the other end did not meet the single-channel characteristic.

[0244] Step 810: Network management 203 determines that the single-channel characteristics are met and performs lifetime prediction.

[0245] Specifically, the network management system 203 determines that the data of the optical module at the other end meets the single-channel characteristics and performs lifetime prediction.

[0246] Specifically, the network management unit 203 first uses a change point detection algorithm to segment and distinguish the historical data (e.g., historical received optical power) of a single channel of the peer communication device 202. For example, the data before and after the sharp drop belong to two different intervals.

[0247] Of course, the network management system 203 can also utilize Bayesian estimator of abrupt change, seasonality and trend (BEAST) change point detection algorithms, configurable sensitivity parameters (which determine the probability of whether a change point has occurred), and other change point detection algorithms. The embodiments of this application do not limit this. When using different change point detection algorithms, the sensitivity parameter can be set accordingly. For example, when determining whether a change point has occurred using a threshold range, the sensitivity parameter is the size range of that range.

[0248] Based on the above, and exemplarily, refer to Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a sensitivity parameter. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 9 As shown, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis, from bottom to top, represents the sensitivity parameter (Pr) and the trend.

[0249] Reference Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the selection of different sensitivity parameters. Specifically, if the sensitivity parameter is too small, too many variable points are detected, resulting in a reduction in the amount of data used to determine whether the optical module is deteriorating (gradual degradation), thus affecting the assessment of optical module degradation. If the sensitivity parameter is too large, too few variable points are detected, making it impossible to identify small, sharp degradation points. Although this does not affect the assessment of optical module degradation, it will affect the effectiveness of the prediction model used to predict the remaining lifespan of the optical module.

[0250] Specifically, when judging the degradation of an optical module, the first step is to fit the most recent data (e.g., received optical power) of the optical module. If the slope obtained after fitting is lower than a slope threshold, and the time length is greater than a given time threshold, then the optical module is considered to have degraded. For example, combined with... Figure 9 As shown, when Pr is not less than 0.15, there are a total of 10 data change points for this optical module. When Pr is not less than 0.9, there are a total of 3 data change points for this optical module (refer to...). Figure 9 (Points A, B, and C in the diagram).

[0251] The slope threshold selection depends on the slopes of the other channels of the optical module. It is generally believed that the degradation rate (absolute slope value) of the channel where the optical module deteriorates is greater than the slopes of the other channels. Therefore, the slope threshold is usually the smaller of the minimum slope of the other channels and 0. Since optical module degradation is a slow process with a long duration, the time threshold is typically on the order of months.

[0252] Therefore, by using the above method, it is possible to determine the degradation of the optical module based on the corresponding sensitivity parameters.

[0253] Based on the above method, exemplarily, refer to Figure 10 As shown in the diagram, an embodiment of this application also provides a schematic diagram of a signal processing method capable of accurately estimating the remaining lifetime of the laser in an optical module. This signal processing method can reduce maintenance costs and improve the reliability of the optical link.

[0254] The following will combine Figure 10 The signal processing method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below. Figure 2 The architecture shown in the following embodiments is illustrated using a first communication device as communication device 201, a second communication device as communication device 202, and a network management system 203 for executing the following signal processing method. This should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0255] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 2 The architecture shown allows communication device 201, communication device 202, and network management device 203 to execute the signal processing method provided in the following embodiments of this application. Of course, other devices or equipment capable of performing similar functions can also execute the following signal processing method. This signal processing method includes steps 901 to 903, as detailed below.

[0256] Step 901: Obtain the first feature data.

[0257] The first feature data includes first detection index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device at different times; or, it includes first feature index data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device.

[0258] Specifically, the network administrator obtains the first information via 203.

[0259] Optionally, the first detection index data includes one or more of the following: the temperature of the first communication device, the voltage of the first communication device, the temperature of the optical module of the first communication device, the upper limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the lower limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the received optical power of the first communication device at the current moment, the running time of the optical module of the first communication device, and the manufacturing time of the optical module of the first communication device.

[0260] Optionally, the first feature index data includes: a sudden drop feature used to characterize the sudden change in the detection index data, the sudden drop feature including the number of sudden changes in the detection index data, the duration of each sudden change and the magnitude of the change in the power of the sudden change; or, the time since the most recent sudden change.

[0261] Step 902: Based on the first feature data and the prediction model, output the remaining lifespan information of the optical module.

[0262] The remaining lifetime indicator is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module drops to the optical power threshold.

[0263] Specifically, the network management system 203 inputs the acquired first feature data into the prediction model, which can output the remaining lifespan information of the optical module.

[0264] Optionally, the optical power threshold includes a detection optical power threshold or a termination optical power threshold. The detection optical power threshold represents the minimum received optical power at which the optical module can support service transmission. When the received optical power of the optical module drops below the detection optical power threshold, the optical module can still transmit services, but the transmission quality is difficult to guarantee.

[0265] The termination optical power threshold indicates the maximum received optical power at which an optical module cannot transmit services. When the received optical power of an optical module drops below the termination optical power threshold, the optical module cannot transmit services normally.

[0266] Optionally, the above signal processing method further includes:

[0267] Step 903: Obtain sensitivity parameters.

[0268] The sensitivity parameter is used to determine the probability of a change point occurring in the first feature data.

[0269] Then step 902 above includes: determining the first feature data based on the sensitivity parameter; and outputting the remaining lifetime information of the optical module based on the first feature data and the prediction model.

[0270] It is not difficult to understand that the embodiments of this application do not limit the order of steps 903 and 901. In one possible implementation, step 903 is executed after step 901 and before step 902.

[0271] Therefore, through steps 901 to 903 above, the above scheme can determine whether there is a fault in the optical link based on the acquired feature data, and then determine and output the remaining lifespan of the degraded optical module.

[0272] For example, refer to Figure 11 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a flowchart for lifetime prediction. It is not difficult to understand that in the following embodiments of this application, the first communication device 201 is used as an example, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0273] Specifically, in combination Figure 11 As shown, the process of predicting the lifetime of an optical module includes steps 1001 to 1004. The network management system 203 is capable of executing steps 1001 to 1004.

[0274] Step 1001: Obtain sensitivity parameters.

[0275] Specifically, network management 203 obtains the probability of a change point in the first feature data.

[0276] Step 1002: Select a portion of the first feature data.

[0277] Specifically, the network management system 203 determines a portion of the first feature data based on the acquired sensitivity parameters.

[0278] Step 1003: Fit the prediction model.

[0279] In one possible implementation, when the network management system 203 determines that the optical module 201-1 of the communication device 201 has degraded, a change point detection algorithm can be used to determine the characteristic data (e.g., received optical power) of the optical module over a recent period. Furthermore, this data can be used as input to train an online predictive model for predicting the remaining lifetime of the optical module.

[0280] Optionally, depending on the amount of feature data, the predictive model can choose a simple function to fit. For example, the logarithmic function suggested by GR468-CORE, or a regression model (e.g., multinomial regression), a traditional or machine learning time series model.

[0281] Specifically, a portion of the acquired first feature data is input into the trained prediction model, which can output the remaining time for the received optical power of the optical module to decrease to the detection optical power threshold or the termination optical power threshold (LOS point). Specifically, when the received optical power of the optical module is greater than the detection optical power threshold, the network management system 203 outputs a degradation fault warning. When the received optical power of the optical module is less than the detection optical power threshold, the network management system 203 displays the degradation fault result.

[0282] Step 1004: Output the remaining lifespan information of the optical module.

[0283] Optionally, step 1004 includes:

[0284] Step 1004-1: Output deterioration fault warning.

[0285] Specifically, based on this degradation fault warning, the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module drops to the optical power threshold can be determined.

[0286] Step 1004-2: Display the deterioration fault results.

[0287] When the network management system displays the degradation fault results, although the remaining time indicated by the remaining lifetime information output by the prediction model can provide a priority reference for fault repair, for example, repairing optical modules with 'emergency' alarms (as described in the above embodiment, with a remaining lifetime of less than 100 hours) should be prioritized first, it is usually difficult for a large number of optical modules to degrade simultaneously. Therefore, regardless of the remaining time indicated by the remaining lifetime information, the degradation fault results can be uniformly displayed as 'emergency alarm'.

[0288] Generally speaking, when it is determined that the laser of the optical module has deteriorated, the remaining lifespan of the optical module is updated in real time, that is, the remaining lifespan information needs to be updated in real time.

[0289] The process for real-time updating of remaining lifetime information is similar to the steps described above. Specifically, firstly, an algorithm determines whether the newly added data (generally requiring a dataset of at least 10 points) belongs to the same segment as the dataset previously used for remaining lifetime prediction by the optical modules. If they belong to the same segment, the prediction is re-performed using the data from the optical modules previously used for remaining lifetime prediction and the newly added data. If they are deployed in the same segment, the slope is used to determine whether there is an increasing trend in optical power in the newly added data. If there is an increasing trend in optical power, the original lifetime prediction remains unchanged. If there is no increasing trend in optical power, lifetime prediction is performed using only the newly added data.

[0290] Using the above method, it is possible to predict the remaining lifetime of an optical module in scenarios where the data volume of the optical module gradually decreases or decreases gradually after a sharp drop.

[0291] However, the above method cannot be applied to scenarios where the data volume of the optical module suddenly drops. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the predicted remaining lifetime based on the scenario of the sudden drop. For example, refer to... Figure 12 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a flowchart for correcting remaining lifetime, illustrating the process of correcting the predicted remaining lifetime in a sudden drop scenario. It is not difficult to understand that in the following embodiments of this application, the first communication device 201 is used as an example, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0292] Specifically, in combination Figure 12 As shown, the process of correcting the predicted remaining lifetime of the optical module includes steps 1101 to 1104. The network management system 203 is capable of executing steps 1101 to 1104.

[0293] Step 1101: Obtain the first feature data and extract the sudden drop feature.

[0294] Specifically, network management 203 first obtains the first feature data.

[0295] Furthermore, the network management system 203 extracts sudden drop features based on the first feature data. These sudden drop features include the number of times the first detection index data experiences a sharp change, the duration of each sharp change, and the magnitude of the power change; or, the time elapsed since the most recent sharp change.

[0296] Optionally, the first detection index data includes one or more of the following: the temperature of the communication device 20, the voltage of the communication device 201, the temperature of the optical module of the communication device 201, the upper limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the communication device 201, the lower limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the communication device 201, the received optical power of the communication device 201 at the current moment, the running time of the optical module of the communication device 201, and the manufacturing time of the optical module of the communication device 201.

[0297] Step 1102: Calculate the probability of sudden drop.

[0298] In one possible implementation, the network management system 203 includes a pre-defined sag classification model. Specifically, the network management system 203 calculates the probability of a sag in the optical module's data using the pre-defined sag classification model.

[0299] Optionally, the sudden drop classification model can adopt the classification model corresponding to classification algorithms such as random forest.

[0300] Step 1103: If the probability of a sudden drop is not greater than the threshold, maintain the remaining lifetime.

[0301] Correspondingly, this threshold is a probability threshold.

[0302] Specifically, when the network management system 203 determines that the probability of a sudden drop in the data of the optical module is not greater than the probability threshold, it assumes that a sudden drop will not occur and will therefore maintain the previously predicted remaining lifetime.

[0303] Step 1104: If the probability of a sudden drop is greater than the threshold, adjust the remaining lifetime.

[0304] Specifically, when the network management system 203 determines that the probability of a sudden drop in the data of the optical module is greater than the probability threshold, it considers a sudden drop to have occurred. In this case, the network management system 203 needs to revise the previously predicted remaining lifetime.

[0305] Based on step 1004-2, it is usually difficult for a large-scale degradation of optical modules to occur simultaneously. Therefore, in one possible implementation, when a sudden drop is anticipated, the network management system 203 directly displays an 'emergency' alarm.

[0306] Using the above method, the probability of a sudden drop in data can be predicted using a classification model, and then the remaining lifetime can be selectively adjusted.

[0307] For example, refer to Figure 13 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus. The signal processing apparatus includes a processor 1301. Optionally, the signal processing apparatus may further include a memory 1302 and / or a transceiver 1303. The processor 1301 is coupled to the memory 1302 and the transceiver 1303, and may be connected via a communication bus.

[0308] The following is combined Figure 13 A detailed description of each component of this signal processing device is provided below:

[0309] The processor 1301 is the control center of the signal processing device. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1301 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0310] Optionally, the processor 1301 can perform various functions of the signal processing device by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1302 and calling data stored in the memory 1302, such as performing the above-mentioned functions. Figure 3 The communication method shown.

[0311] In a specific implementation, as one example, the processor 1301 may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 13 CPU0 and CPU1 are shown in the diagram.

[0312] In a specific implementation, as one example, the signal processing device may also include multiple processors, for example... Figure 13 The processors 1301 and 1304 are shown. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. Here, "processor" can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0313] The memory 1302 is used to store the software program that executes the solution of this application, and is controlled by the processor 1301 to execute it. The specific implementation method can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0314] Optionally, the memory 1302 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 1302 may be integrated with the processor 1301 or may exist independently, and may be connected via the interface circuit of the signal processing device (…). Figure 13 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to processor 1301, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0315] Transceiver 1303 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if the signal processing device is a communication device, transceiver 1303 can be used to communicate with a network management system or with another communication device.

[0316] Optionally, transceiver 1303 may include a receiver and a transmitter. Figure 13 (Not shown separately). The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function.

[0317] Alternatively, the transceiver 1303 can be integrated with the processor 1301, or it can exist independently and be connected through the interface circuit of the signal processing device. Figure 13 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to processor 1301, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0318] Understandable Figure 13 The structure of the signal processing device shown does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. Actual communication devices may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0319] Furthermore, the technical effects of this signal processing device can be referred to the technical effects of the method described in the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0320] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0321] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous linked DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0322] Therefore, since the signal processing apparatus provided in this embodiment can execute the method of the above embodiment of this application (see reference...) Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0323] For example, refer to Figure 14 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus. The signal processing apparatus includes a processor 1401. Optionally, the signal processing apparatus may further include a memory 1402 and / or a transceiver 1403. The processor 1401 is coupled to the memory 1402 and the transceiver 1403, for example, they can be connected via a communication bus.

[0324] The following is combined Figure 14 A detailed description of each component of this signal processing device is provided below:

[0325] The processor 1401 is the control center of the signal processing device. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1401 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0326] Optionally, the processor 1401 can perform various functions of the signal processing device by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1402 and calling data stored in the memory 1402, such as performing the above-mentioned functions. Figure 3 The communication method shown.

[0327] In a specific implementation, as one example, the processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 14 CPU0 and CPU1 are shown in the diagram.

[0328] In a specific implementation, as one example, the signal processing device may also include multiple processors, for example... Figure 14 The processors 1401 and 1404 are shown. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. A processor here can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0329] The memory 1402 is used to store the software program that executes the solution of this application, and is controlled by the processor 1401 to execute it. The specific implementation method can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0330] Optionally, the memory 1402 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 1402 may be integrated with the processor 1401 or may exist independently, and may be connected via the interface circuit of the signal processing device (…). Figure 14 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to processor 1401, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0331] Transceiver 1403 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if the signal processing device is a communication device, transceiver 1403 can be used to communicate with a network management system or with another communication device.

[0332] Alternatively, transceiver 1403 may include a receiver and a transmitter. Figure 14 (Not shown separately). The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function.

[0333] Alternatively, the transceiver 1403 can be integrated with the processor 1401, or it can exist independently and be connected through the interface circuit of the signal processing device. Figure 14 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to processor 1401, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0334] Understandable Figure 14 The structure of the signal processing device shown does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. Actual communication devices may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0335] Furthermore, the technical effects of this signal processing device can be referred to the technical effects of the method described in the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0336] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0337] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous linked DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0338] Therefore, since the signal processing apparatus provided in this embodiment can execute the method of the above embodiment of this application (see reference...) Figure 10As shown in the figure, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0339] For example, refer to Figure 15 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a signal processing apparatus. This signal processing apparatus is applied to a network including at least two communication devices connected via an optical link; the optical link includes a single optical fiber, and the single optical fiber includes multiple channels. The signal processing apparatus includes: an interface unit 1501 and a processing unit 1502; the interface unit 1501 is used to acquire first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to a first communication device, the first communication device being one of the at least two communication devices; the processing unit 1502 is used to output fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data acquired by the interface unit 1501, the fault information including the fault type of the optical link.

[0340] The interface unit 1501 is further configured to execute the communication methods described in steps 301, 303, and 304; the processing unit 1502 is further configured to execute the communication method described in step 302. It is understood that this communication device can directly reference the above-mentioned... Figure 3 The functions and effects of the communication methods shown are described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0341] For example, refer to Figure 16 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a signal processing apparatus. This signal processing apparatus is applied to a network including at least two communication devices connected via an optical link; the at least two communication devices include a first communication device, which includes an optical module. The signal processing apparatus includes: an interface unit 1601 and a processing unit 1602; the interface unit 1601 is used to acquire first feature data of multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; the processing unit is used to output remaining lifetime indication information of the optical module based on the first feature data acquired by the interface unit 1601 and a prediction model; wherein the remaining lifetime indication information is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to an optical power threshold.

[0342] The interface unit 1601 is further configured to execute the communication methods described in steps 901 and 903; the processing unit 1602 is further configured to execute the communication method described in step 902. It is understood that this communication device can directly reference the above-mentioned... Figure 10 The functions and effects of the communication methods shown are described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0343] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that can be integrated with one or more media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)). In embodiments of this application, the computer may include the aforementioned apparatus.

[0344] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0345] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for determining optical link faults, characterized in that, An application to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected by an optical link; the optical link comprising a single optical fiber, the single optical fiber comprising multiple channels; The method includes: Acquire first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device, wherein the first communication device is one of the at least two communication devices; Based on the first feature data, the fault information of the optical link is output, and the fault information includes the fault type of the optical link.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feature data includes the first detection index data; The step of obtaining the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: Obtain the first detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feature data includes first feature index data; The step of obtaining the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: Obtain the first detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; First feature index data is generated based on the first detection index data.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: Receive the first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain alarm information from the first communication device, wherein the alarm information is used to indicate that the first communication device has a hardware fault.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of outputting the optical link fault information based on the first feature data includes: Based on the first feature data and the alarm information, the fault information of the optical link is output, and the fault type of the fault information indicates that the first communication device is experiencing an optical reception abnormality.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire second feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the second communication device, wherein the second communication device is another of the at least two communication devices; The step of outputting the optical link fault information based on the first feature data includes: The fault information of the optical link is output based on the first feature data and the second feature data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The first detection index data includes one or more of the following: Received optical power, signal-to-noise ratio of received optical power, feedforward error correction data, and cyclic redundancy check data.

9. The method according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The first feature index data includes one or more of the following: The standard deviation of the median of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the standard deviation of the slope of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the mean of the difference mean of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of each channel in the optical link, the extreme value of the difference of the time series of received optical power of two adjacent wavelengths in the optical link, and the standard deviation of the median of the time series of signal-to-noise ratio of each channel in the optical link.

10. A signal processing method, characterized in that, Applied to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected by an optical link; the at least two communication devices include a first communication device, the first communication device including an optical module; The signal processing method includes: Obtain the first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device; Based on the first feature data and the prediction model, the remaining lifetime indication information of the optical module is output; wherein, the remaining lifetime indication information is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold.

11. The signal processing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first feature data includes the first detection index data; The step of obtaining the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: Obtain the first detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device.

12. The signal processing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first feature data includes first feature index data; The step of obtaining the first feature data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device includes: Obtain the first detection index data of the multiple channels corresponding to the first communication device; First feature index data is generated based on the first detection index data.

13. The signal processing method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The signal processing method further includes: A sensitivity parameter is obtained, which is used to determine the probability that the first feature data has a change point.

14. The signal processing method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of outputting the remaining lifetime indication information of the optical module based on the first feature data and the prediction model includes: The first feature data is determined based on the sensitivity parameters; Based on the first feature data and the prediction model, the remaining lifespan information of the optical module is output.

15. The signal processing method according to any one of claims 10-14, characterized in that, The optical power threshold includes a detection optical power threshold or a termination optical power threshold; The detected optical power threshold is used to represent the minimum received optical power that the optical module can support for service transmission; The termination optical power threshold is used to indicate the maximum received optical power at which the optical module cannot perform service transmission.

16. The signal processing method according to any one of claims 11-15, characterized in that, The first detection index data includes one or more of the following: The temperature of the first communication device, the voltage of the first communication device, the temperature of the optical module of the first communication device, the upper limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the lower limit of the voltage alarm of the optical module of the first communication device, the received optical power of the first communication device at the current moment, the running time of the optical module of the first communication device, and the manufacturing time of the optical module of the first communication device.

17. The signal processing method according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, The first feature index data includes: Used to characterize the sudden drop feature of the first detection index data; The sudden drop characteristics include: the number of times the first detection index data undergoes a sudden change, the duration of each sudden change, and the magnitude of the change in power; or, the time since the most recent sudden change.

18. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, An application to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected by an optical link; the optical link comprising a single optical fiber, the single optical fiber comprising multiple channels; The signal processing device includes: a processing unit and an interface unit; The interface unit is used to acquire first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device, wherein the first communication device is one of the at least two communication devices. The processing unit is configured to output fault information of the optical link based on the first feature data obtained by the interface unit, wherein the fault information includes the fault type of the optical link.

19. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, The signal processing device includes: a processor and an interface circuit coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to control the interface circuit to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

20. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, Applied to a network comprising at least two communication devices connected by an optical link; the at least two communication devices include a first communication device, the first communication device including an optical module; The signal processing device includes: a processing unit and an interface unit; The interface unit is used to acquire first feature data of the plurality of channels corresponding to the first communication device; The processing unit is configured to output remaining lifetime information of the optical module based on the first feature data and prediction model obtained by the interface unit; wherein the remaining lifetime information is used to indicate the remaining time before the received optical power of the optical module decreases to the optical power threshold.

21. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, The signal processing apparatus includes a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the signal processing apparatus to perform the signal processing method as described in any one of claims 10 to 17.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

23. A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, The computer program product includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

Images