A device and method for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean cultivation in cold regions.

Abstract

This invention provides a device and method for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean cultivation in cold regions. The application device includes a body with storage tanks fixedly installed on it. One storage tank stores chemical fertilizer, and the other stores functional microbial agents. Discharge mechanisms are connected to the bottom of each storage tank. A punching mechanism is installed on the body, and a pneumatic fertilization mechanism is fitted over the punching mechanism. The inlet of the pneumatic fertilization mechanism is connected to the discharge mechanism. The punching mechanism and the pneumatic fertilization mechanism move up and down synchronously, allowing for rapid fertilization after punching. The discharge mechanism delivers the chemical fertilizer and functional microbial agents from the storage tanks to the discharge pipes, and the pneumatic fertilization mechanism applies the fertilizer. This allows for independent application of chemical fertilizer and functional microbial agents in a single step, avoiding mixing and inactivation of the functional microbial agents, resulting in good fertilization effect and high fertilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer application technology for soybean cultivation in cold regions, specifically relating to a device and method for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean cultivation in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] In soybean cultivation in cold regions (such as the high-latitude black soil areas of Northeast my country), soybean seedlings often face a dual dilemma due to the special environmental constraints of low temperatures, short growing season, and slow soil organic matter mineralization: a delayed supply of available nutrients and low efficiency of rhizobium infection. This results in weak nitrogen fixation capacity and a high dependence on chemical fertilizers. While functional microbial agents (such as rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) can improve soil biological activity and nutrient utilization efficiency, their live bacteria are easily inhibited or killed by high concentrations of chemical fertilizers (especially readily available nitrogen), and they need to be precisely planted near the seeds at the early stage of sowing to be effective.

[0003] However, existing technologies generally suffer from serious bottlenecks: First, the mixed application of fertilizers and microbial agents leads to the inactivation of microbial agents; second, the multiple applications make it difficult to ensure early establishment of microbial agents and increase costs; and third, existing variable fertilization devices lack the ability to independently and accurately apply microbial agents, and cannot achieve synergy between fertilizers and microorganisms in space (such as microbial agents near the roots and fertilizers deep application) and time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean planting in cold regions, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. This device and method can simultaneously achieve the independent application of chemical fertilizer and functional microbial agents, avoiding mixing, resulting in good fertilization effect and high fertilization efficiency, and can be widely applied.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean planting in cold regions, comprising a body, a walking mechanism provided at the bottom of the body, and storage tanks fixedly installed on the body, one of the storage tanks being used to store chemical fertilizers and the other being used to store functional microbial agent. The bottom of the storage tanks are respectively connected to a discharge mechanism, and a perforation mechanism is provided through the middle of the body. A pneumatic fertilization mechanism is sleeved on the perforation mechanism, and the inlet end of the pneumatic fertilization mechanism is connected to the discharge mechanism.

[0006] Planting holes are drilled in the cold soil using a drilling mechanism. Fertilizer and functional microbial agents in two storage tanks are transported to the pneumatic fertilization mechanism through a discharging mechanism. The pneumatic fertilization mechanism then applies the fertilizer and functional microbial agents into the planting holes. After fertilization, soybeans can be planted in the planting holes.

[0007] Preferably, the discharge mechanism includes a discharge cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage tank, a rotating shaft vertically rotatably installed inside the discharge cylinder, a auger blade fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, a discharge motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate fixedly installed on the top of the storage tank, and the end of the discharge cylinder is connected to the pneumatic fertilizer application mechanism through a discharge pipe, which is a flexible hose.

[0008] The discharge motor drives the auger blades to rotate, which in turn propel the fertilizer / functional microbial agent from the storage tank into the discharge pipe, and finally into the pneumatic fertilization mechanism. By controlling the power of the discharge motor, the discharge speed from the storage tank can be controlled, thereby controlling the discharge volume from the discharge pipe within a certain time.

[0009] Preferably, the drilling mechanism includes a lifting screw rotatably connected to the machine body, a lifting slider threaded onto the lifting screw, a drilling motor fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting slider, the drilling motor being installed at the bottom end of the cylinder, lower than the first and second injection holes, a drill bit fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the drilling motor, guide rods fixedly installed on both sides of the lifting screw on the machine body, the guide rods being slidably connected to the lifting slider, and a lifting motor for driving the lifting screw to rotate fixedly installed on the machine body.

[0010] The lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate, which in turn moves the lifting slider up and down along the guide rod. When the lifting slider descends, the drilling motor is activated, which drives the drill bit to rotate, and the drill bit drills planting holes in the cold soil.

[0011] Preferably, the drill bit is conical in shape, and a spiral groove is provided on the side of the drill bit. A torque sensor is provided on the output shaft of the drilling motor to detect the torque of the drill bit and prevent damage to the drill bit.

[0012] Preferably, the pneumatic fertilization mechanism includes a cylinder fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting slider. The cylinder has a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity. The second annular cavity is located inside the first annular cavity. The first annular cavity is connected to one of the discharge pipes, and the second annular cavity is connected to the other discharge pipe. The first annular cavity and the second annular cavity are respectively connected to an air pump through a pneumatic pipe. The cylinder has a plurality of first injection holes connected to the first annular cavity and a plurality of second injection holes connected to the second annular cavity.

[0013] The bottom of the first annular cavity is lower than the bottom of the second annular cavity. The first injection hole is connected to the bottom of the first annular cavity, and the second injection hole is connected to the bottom of the second annular cavity. The pipe passes through the first annular cavity, that is, the position of the first injection hole is lower than the height position of the second injection hole on the cylinder.

[0014] The first annular cavity is connected to the storage tank for storing fertilizer via a discharge pipe, and the second annular cavity is connected to the storage tank for storing functional microbial agents via a discharge pipe.

[0015] Under the action of the discharge mechanism, fertilizer enters the first annular cavity and functional microbial agent enters the second annular cavity. The air pump pressurizes the first and second annular cavities, causing the fertilizer and functional microbial agent in the first and second annular cavities to be sprayed out from the first and second spray holes and enter the planting hole to complete the fertilization.

[0016] A valve is installed at one end of the discharge pipe near the cylinder. This valve opens when fertilizer is being delivered into the first and second annular cavities, and closes after delivery. When the air pump pressurizes the first and second annular cavities, the valve closes to prevent backflow of fertilizer in the discharge pipe due to high air pressure, and to improve the airtightness of the first and second annular cavities, ensuring that fertilizer can be sprayed from the first and second injection holes.

[0017] Preferably, the first and second injection holes are evenly distributed on the cylinder body, and there is an angle between the central axis of the first and second injection holes and the central axis of the cylinder body. The angle is an acute angle, and the range of the angle is 30° to 75°, preferably 45°. A silicone umbrella valve is provided on the first and second injection holes.

[0018] Under pressure, the silicone umbrella valve opens outward, allowing fertilizer to be sprayed from the first and second injection holes. After fertilization, the first and second annular chambers are depressurized, and the silicone umbrella valve resets.

[0019] Preferably, a branch pipe is provided between the discharge pipe and the air pressure pipe, and a solenoid valve is installed on the branch pipe. When the discharge pipe is obstructed or blocked, the solenoid valve can be opened, and the air pump can pressurize the discharge pipe to clear the blockage. It can also be used to increase the rate at which fertilizer enters the cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, a soil covering mechanism is provided at the bottom of the machine body behind the punching mechanism to cover the fertilizer with soil, so as to prevent the soybean seeds to be sown later from coming into direct contact with the fertilizer.

[0021] Preferably, the soil covering mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly installed at the bottom of the machine body. A first connecting rod, an electric push rod, and a second connecting rod are hinged on the fixed frame. The first connecting rod is composed of connecting rods with their two ends hinged to each other. A third connecting rod is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod. The output shaft end of the electric push rod is hinged to the end of the second connecting rod. A fourth connecting rod is also hinged to the end of the second connecting rod. The end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged to the middle of the third connecting rod. The middle of the third connecting rod is hinged to the fixed frame through a mounting arm. A soil covering plate is fixedly installed at the end of the third connecting rod. The soil covering plate is V-shaped.

[0022] The output shaft of the electric push rod extends and retracts, which can drive the second and fourth connecting rods to rotate. The fourth connecting rod drives the third connecting rod to rotate relative to the fixed frame, adjusting the angle and height of the covering plate so that the covering plate can be close to the ground. As the device moves, it scrapes the soil around the planting hole into the planting hole, completing the burial of fertilizer.

[0023] Preferably, the storage tank is equipped with a cover plate at the top, allowing fertilizer to be loaded into the tank by opening the cover plate. The walking mechanism includes two sets of wheels, and a traction frame is fixedly installed on one end of the machine body. The traction frame is connected to an agricultural tractor, which then drives the device to move. Alternatively, a handle can be installed on the machine body, allowing the device to be moved manually.

[0024] A method for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions, using the application device described above, includes the following steps: S1. Fill the two storage tanks with sufficient fertilizer and functional microbial agent respectively, connect the agricultural tractor through the traction frame, and use the tractor to drive the device to move intermittently.

[0025] S2. When the device stops moving, start the lifting motor. The lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate, which can drive the lifting slider to descend along the guide rod. Start the drilling motor. The drilling motor drives the drill bit to rotate, and the drill bit drills planting holes in the cold soil.

[0026] At the same time, the discharge motor is started, which drives the auger blades to rotate. The auger blades carry the fertilizer / functional microbial agent from the storage tank into the discharge pipe, and finally into the pneumatic fertilization mechanism.

[0027] The air pump is started, which pressurizes the first and second annular cavities, causing the fertilizer and functional microbial agents in the first and second annular cavities to be sprayed out from the first and second spray holes and enter the planting holes to complete the fertilization.

[0028] S3. Turn off the discharge motor and air pump, start the lifting motor. The lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate in the opposite direction, which can drive the lifting slider to rise along the guide rod, so that the drill bit exits the planting hole.

[0029] S4. As the device continues to move, the soil covering plate scrapes the soil around the planting hole into the planting hole, thus completing the burial of the fertilizer.

[0030] S5. Repeat S2~S4 to complete multiple drilling and fertilization operations. After completing the drilling and fertilization operations in cold-region planting areas, soybean planting operations can be carried out at an opportune time depending on the climate conditions.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention features a discharge cylinder connected to the bottom of a storage tank. A vertically rotating shaft is installed inside the discharge cylinder, and auger blades are fixedly mounted on the shaft. A discharge motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the storage tank. The discharge motor drives the auger blades to rotate, causing them to carry fertilizer / functional microbial agents from the storage tank into the discharge pipe, and finally into the pneumatic fertilization mechanism. By controlling the power of the discharge motor, the discharge speed of the storage tank can be controlled, thereby controlling the discharge volume of the discharge pipe within a certain time period.

[0032] 2. This invention features a lifting screw rotatably connected to the machine body. A lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate, which in turn causes the lifting slider to rise and fall along the guide rod. When the lifting slider descends, the drilling motor is activated, driving the drill bit to rotate. The drill bit drills planting holes in the cold soil. The lifting motor then drives the lifting screw to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the drill bit to exit the planting hole.

[0033] 3. This invention has a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity inside the cylinder at the bottom of the lifting slider. Fertilizer enters the first annular cavity, and functional microbial agents enter the second annular cavity. The first and second annular cavities are pressurized by an air pump, causing the fertilizer and functional microbial agents in the first and second annular cavities to be sprayed out from the first and second spray holes and enter the planting hole to complete fertilization. The cylinder and the drill bit rise and fall synchronously, which can quickly complete fertilization after drilling. It creates a light-proof, moisture-retaining, low-salt, and micro-oxygen micro-ecological environment for the functional microbial agents, which greatly enhances their early activity and infection ability in cool soil, lays the foundation for root nodule formation and biological nitrogen fixation in soybean seedlings, and reduces dependence on chemical nitrogen fertilizers.

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the storage tank and the punching mechanism in this invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge mechanism in this invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic fertilization mechanism in this invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder in this invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism in this invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Main body; 2-Storage tank; 3-Discharge mechanism; 301-Discharge cylinder; 302-Rotating shaft; 303-Dragon blade; 304-Discharge motor; 305-Discharge pipe; 4-Drilling mechanism; 401-Lifting screw; 402-Lifting slider; 403-Drilling motor; 404-Drill bit; 405-Guide rod; 406-Lifting motor; 5-Pneumatic fertilization mechanism; 501-Cylinder; 502-First annular cavity; 503-Second annular cavity; 504-Pneumatic pipe; 505-Air pump; 506-First spray hole; 507-Second spray hole; 508-Branch pipe; 6-Soil covering mechanism; 601-Fixing frame; 602-First connecting rod; 603-Electric push rod; 604-Second connecting rod; 605-Third connecting rod; 606-Fourth connecting rod; 607-Mounting arm; 608-Soil covering plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0045] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a device for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean cultivation in cold regions, comprising a body 1, a walking mechanism at the bottom of the body 1, and a storage tank 2 fixedly installed on the body 1. One of the storage tanks 2 is used to store chemical fertilizer, and the other storage tank 2 is used to store functional microbial agents. The bottom of the storage tanks 2 are respectively connected to a discharge mechanism 3. A perforation mechanism 4 is provided through the middle of the body 1, and a pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5 is sleeved on the perforation mechanism 4. The inlet end of the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5 is connected to the discharge mechanism 3.

[0046] Planting holes are drilled in the cold soil by the drilling mechanism 4. The fertilizer and functional bacteria in the two storage tanks 2 are transported to the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5 through the discharge mechanism 3. The fertilizer and functional bacteria are applied to the planting holes by the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5. After fertilization, soybeans can be planted in the planting holes.

[0047] In this embodiment, the discharge mechanism 3 includes a discharge cylinder 301 fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage tank 2. A rotating shaft 302 is vertically rotatably installed inside the discharge cylinder 301. A auger blade 303 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 302. A discharge motor 304 for driving the rotating shaft 302 to rotate is fixedly installed on the top of the storage tank 2. The end of the discharge cylinder 301 is connected to the pneumatic fertilizer application mechanism 5 through a discharge pipe 305, which is a flexible hose.

[0048] The discharge motor 304 drives the auger blades 303 to rotate, and the auger blades 303 carry the fertilizer / functional microbial agent from the storage tank 2 into the discharge pipe 305, and finally into the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5. By controlling the power of the discharge motor 304, the discharge speed of the storage tank 2 can be controlled, thereby controlling the discharge volume of the discharge pipe 305 within a certain period of time.

[0049] In this embodiment, the drilling mechanism 4 includes a lifting screw 401 rotatably connected to the machine body 1. A lifting slider 402 is threaded onto the lifting screw 401. A drilling motor 403 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting slider 402. The drilling motor 403 is a miniature waterproof DC motor. The drilling motor 403 is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder 501, below the first spray hole 506 and the second spray hole 507. A drill bit 404 is fixedly installed on the end of the output shaft of the drilling motor 403. Guide rods 405 are fixedly installed on both sides of the lifting screw 401 on the machine body 1. The guide rods 405 are slidably connected to the lifting slider 402. A lifting motor 406 for driving the lifting screw 401 to rotate is fixedly installed on the machine body 1.

[0050] The lifting motor 406 drives the lifting screw 401 to rotate, which in turn causes the lifting slider 402 to rise and fall along the guide rod 405. When the lifting slider 402 descends, the drilling motor 403 is activated, driving the drill bit 404 to rotate and drill planting holes in the cold soil. After drilling the planting holes, the lifting motor 406 drives the lifting screw 401 to rotate in the opposite direction, allowing the drill bit 404 to exit the planting hole. The duration of each operation of the lifting motor 406 can be controlled according to the actual situation, thus controlling the formation of the lifting slider 402 and adjusting the depth of the planting holes.

[0051] In this embodiment, the drill bit 404 is conical in shape, and a spiral groove is provided on the side of the drill bit 404. A torque sensor is provided on the output shaft of the drilling motor 403 to detect the torque of the drill bit 404 and prevent damage to the drill bit 404.

[0052] The 404 drill bit with spiral grooves can break up the plow pan, alleviate soil compaction, and enhance soil permeability during drilling. After fertilization, the soil is quickly covered to protect the activity of the inoculant and promote the local enrichment and exchange of water, fertilizer, air and bacteria in the pores, forming a "bioactive micro-domain" that is conducive to the extension of soybean roots and microbial activity, significantly improving the nutrient absorption efficiency and yield potential of soybeans in cold black soil areas.

[0053] In this embodiment, the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5 includes a cylinder 501 fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting slider 402. The cylinder 501 has a first annular cavity 502 and a second annular cavity 503. The second annular cavity 503 is located inside the first annular cavity 502. The first annular cavity 502 is connected to one of the discharge pipes 305, and the second annular cavity 503 is connected to the other discharge pipe 305. The first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 are respectively connected to an air pump 505 through a pneumatic pipe 504. The cylinder 501 has a plurality of first injection holes 506 connected to the first annular cavity 502, and a plurality of second injection holes 507 connected to the second annular cavity 503.

[0054] The bottom of the first annular cavity 502 is lower than the bottom of the second annular cavity 503. The first injection hole 506 is connected to the bottom of the first annular cavity 502, and the second injection hole 507 is connected to the bottom of the second annular cavity 503. The pipe passes through the first annular cavity 502, that is, the position of the first injection hole 506 is lower than the height position of the second injection hole 507 on the cylinder 501.

[0055] The first annular cavity 502 is connected to the storage tank 2 for storing fertilizer through the discharge pipe 305, and the second annular cavity 503 is connected to the storage tank 2 for storing functional microbial agents through the discharge pipe 305.

[0056] Under the action of the discharge mechanism 3, the fertilizer enters the first annular cavity 502 and the functional microbial agent enters the second annular cavity 503. The air pump 505 pressurizes the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503, so that the fertilizer and functional microbial agent in the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 are sprayed out from the first spray hole 506 and the second spray hole 507 and enter the planting hole to complete the fertilization.

[0057] Fertilizer and functional microbial agent are placed in the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 respectively, and the two are physically isolated throughout the entire process of transportation, storage and application. Combined with a time-controlled high-pressure pneumatic injection system, fertilizer is applied to the deeper soil layer below the seed at different depths and at different times, while functional microbial agent is precisely colonized in the shallow pore walls closer to the future root development zone. This effectively avoids the inhibition or killing of live bacteria by high-concentration fast-acting fertilizer, and significantly improves the survival rate and colonization efficiency of beneficial microorganisms such as rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

[0058] A valve is installed at one end of the discharge pipe 305 near the cylinder 501. This valve opens when fertilizer is being supplied to the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 via the discharge pipe 305, and closes after the fertilizer supply is complete. When the air pump 505 pressurizes the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503, the valve closes to prevent backflow of fertilizer in the discharge pipe 305 due to high air pressure. This also improves the airtightness of the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503, ensuring that fertilizer can be sprayed from the first injection hole 506 and the second injection hole 507.

[0059] The air pump 505 can pressurize the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 separately, meaning that fertilizer and functional microbial agent are not applied simultaneously. This allows for the application of fertilizer first, followed by raising the height of the lifting slider 402 and the cylinder 501 via the perforation mechanism 4, thus raising the position of the second injection hole 507. Then, the air pump 505 pressurizes the second annular cavity 503 to apply the functional microbial agent. This allows for adjustment of the height difference between the fertilizer and functional microbial agent application, enabling tailored application methods and improving fertilization efficiency.

[0060] After drilling, fertilization can be completed quickly. After fertilization, the 404 drill bit is withdrawn from the planting hole and then buried. This creates a light-proof, moisture-retaining, low-salt, and micro-oxygen micro-ecological environment for the functional microbial agent, which greatly enhances its early activity and infection ability in cool soil, lays the foundation for root nodule formation and biological nitrogen fixation in soybean seedlings, and reduces dependence on chemical nitrogen fertilizers.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first injection hole 506 and the second injection hole 507 are evenly distributed on the cylinder 501. There is an angle between the central axis of the first injection hole 506 and the second injection hole 507 and the central axis of the cylinder 501. The angle is an acute angle and the range of the angle is 30°~75°, preferably 45°. A silicone umbrella valve is provided on the first injection hole 506 and the second injection hole 507.

[0062] Under pressure, the silicone umbrella valve opens outward, allowing fertilizer to be sprayed from the first spray hole 506 and the second spray hole 507. After fertilization, the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 are depressurized, and the silicone umbrella valve resets.

[0063] In this embodiment, a branch pipe 508 is provided between the discharge pipe 305 and the air pressure pipe 504, and a solenoid valve is provided on the branch pipe 508. When the discharge from the discharge pipe 305 is obstructed or blocked, the solenoid valve can be opened, and the air pump can pressurize the discharge pipe 305 to clear the blockage. It can also be used to increase the rate at which fertilizer enters the cylinder 501.

[0064] In this embodiment, a soil covering mechanism 6 is provided at the bottom of the machine body 1 behind the punching mechanism 4, which is used to cover the fertilizer with soil to prevent the soybean seeds to be sown later from coming into direct contact with the fertilizer.

[0065] In this embodiment, the soil covering mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 601 fixedly installed at the bottom of the machine body 1. A first connecting rod 602, an electric push rod 603, and a second connecting rod 604 are hinged to the fixed frame 601. The first connecting rod 602 is composed of a connecting rod with its two ends hinged to each other. A third connecting rod 605 is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod 602. The end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 603 is hinged to the end of the second connecting rod 604. A fourth connecting rod 606 is also hinged to the end of the second connecting rod 604. The end of the fourth connecting rod 606 is hinged to the middle of the third connecting rod 605. The middle of the third connecting rod 605 is hinged to the fixed frame 601 through a mounting arm 607. A soil covering plate 608 is fixedly installed at the end of the third connecting rod 605. The soil covering plate 608 is V-shaped.

[0066] The output shaft of the electric push rod 603 extends and retracts, which can drive the second link 604 and the fourth link 606 to rotate. The fourth link 606 drives the third link 605 to rotate relative to the fixed frame 601, adjusting the angle and height of the soil covering plate 608 so that the soil covering plate 608 can be in close contact with the ground. As the device moves, the soil around the planting hole is scraped into the planting hole, completing the burial of fertilizer.

[0067] In this embodiment, the top of the storage tank 2 is provided with a cover plate. Opening the cover plate allows fertilizer to be loaded into the storage tank 2. The walking mechanism includes two sets of wheels, and a traction frame is fixedly installed on one end of the machine body 1. An agricultural tractor is connected to the traction frame, and the tractor drives the device to move. Alternatively, a handle can be installed on the machine body 1, allowing the device to be moved manually.

[0068] A method for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions, using the application device described above, includes the following steps: S1. Fill the two storage tanks 2 with sufficient fertilizer and functional microbial agent respectively, connect the agricultural tractor through the traction frame, and use the tractor to drive the device to move intermittently.

[0069] S2. When the device stops moving, start the lifting motor 406. The lifting motor 406 drives the lifting screw 401 to rotate, which can drive the lifting slider 402 to descend along the guide rod 405. Start the drilling motor 403. The drilling motor 403 drives the drill bit 404 to rotate, and the drill bit 404 drills planting holes in the cold soil.

[0070] At the same time, the discharge motor 304 is started, which drives the auger blades 303 to rotate. The auger blades 303 drive the fertilizer / functional microbial agent from the storage tank 2 into the discharge pipe 305, and finally into the pneumatic fertilization mechanism 5.

[0071] The air pump 505 is started, and the air pump 505 pressurizes the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503, so that the fertilizer and functional microbial agent in the first annular cavity 502 and the second annular cavity 503 are sprayed out from the first spray hole 506 and the second spray hole 507 and enter the planting hole to complete the fertilization.

[0072] S3. Turn off the discharge motor 304 and air pump 505, and start the lifting motor 406. The lifting motor 406 drives the lifting screw 401 to rotate in the opposite direction, which can drive the lifting slider 402 to rise along the guide rod 405, so that the drill bit 404 exits the planting hole.

[0073] S4. As the device continues to move, the soil covering plate 608 scrapes the soil around the planting hole into the planting hole, thus completing the burial of the fertilizer.

[0074] S5. Repeat S2~S4 to complete multiple drilling and fertilization operations. After the drilling and fertilization operations are completed in the planting area, soybean planting operations can be carried out according to the climate conditions.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for the synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agents for soybean cultivation in cold regions, characterized in that, The device includes a body (1), a walking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the body (1), and a storage tank (2) is fixedly installed on the body (1). One of the storage tanks (2) is used to store fertilizer, and the other storage tank (2) is used to store functional microbial agents. The bottom of the storage tanks (2) is connected to a discharge mechanism (3). A punching mechanism (4) is provided through the middle of the body (1). A pneumatic fertilizer applicator (5) is provided on the outside of the punching mechanism (4). The feed end of the pneumatic fertilizer applicator (5) is connected to the discharge mechanism (3).

2. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge mechanism (3) includes a discharge cylinder (301) fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage tank (2). A rotating shaft (302) is vertically rotatably installed inside the discharge cylinder (301). A dragon blade (303) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (302). A discharge motor (304) for driving the rotating shaft (302) to rotate is fixedly installed on the top of the storage tank (2). The end of the discharge cylinder (301) is connected to the pneumatic fertilizer application mechanism (5) through a discharge pipe (305).

3. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling mechanism (4) includes a lifting screw (401) rotatably connected to the machine body (1), a lifting slider (402) threaded onto the lifting screw (401), a drilling motor (403) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting slider (402), a drill bit (404) fixedly installed on the end of the output shaft of the drilling motor (403), guide rods (405) fixedly installed on both sides of the lifting screw (401) on the machine body (1), the guide rods (405) slidably connected to the lifting slider (402), and a lifting motor (406) fixedly installed on the machine body (1) for driving the lifting screw (401) to rotate.

4. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drill bit (404) is conical in shape, and a spiral groove is provided on the side of the drill bit (404).

5. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pneumatic fertilization mechanism (5) includes a cylinder (501) fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting slider (402). The cylinder (501) has a first annular cavity (502) and a second annular cavity (503). The second annular cavity (503) is located inside the first annular cavity (502). The first annular cavity (502) is connected to one of the discharge pipes (305), and the second annular cavity (503) is connected to the other discharge pipe (305). The first annular cavity (502) and the second annular cavity (503) are respectively connected to an air pump (505) through a pneumatic pipe (504). The cylinder (501) has a plurality of first injection holes (506) connected to the first annular cavity (502), and the cylinder (501) has a plurality of second injection holes (507) connected to the second annular cavity (503).

6. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first injection hole (506) and the second injection hole (507) are evenly distributed on the cylinder (501). There is an angle between the central axis of the first injection hole (506) and the central axis of the cylinder (501), and the angle is acute. A silicone umbrella valve is provided on the first injection hole (506) and the second injection hole (507).

7. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, A branch pipe (508) is provided between the discharge pipe (305) and the air pressure pipe (504), and a solenoid valve is provided on the branch pipe (508).

8. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the machine body (1) is provided with a soil covering mechanism (6) behind the drilling mechanism (4).

9. The device for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism (6) includes a fixed frame (601) fixedly installed at the bottom of the machine body (1). A first connecting rod (602), an electric push rod (603), and a second connecting rod (604) are hinged on the fixed frame (601). A third connecting rod (605) is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod (602). The end of the output shaft of the electric push rod (603) is hinged to the end of the second connecting rod (604). A fourth connecting rod (606) is also hinged to the end of the second connecting rod (604). The end of the fourth connecting rod (606) is hinged to the middle of the third connecting rod (605). The middle of the third connecting rod (605) is hinged to the fixed frame (601) through a mounting arm (607). A soil covering plate (608) is fixedly installed at the end of the third connecting rod (605). The soil covering plate (608) is V-shaped.

10. A method for synergistic application of fertilizer and functional microbial agent for soybean cultivation in cold regions, characterized in that, Using the application device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: S1. Fill the two storage tanks (2) with sufficient fertilizer and functional microbial agent respectively, connect the agricultural tractor through the traction frame, and use the tractor to drive the device to move intermittently. S2. When the device stops moving, the drilling mechanism (4) is started. The drilling mechanism (4) drills planting holes in the cold soil. At the same time, the discharge mechanism (3) is started to transport the fertilizer in the storage tank (2) to the pneumatic fertilization mechanism (5). After a certain period of time, the discharge mechanism (3) is closed. After drilling the planting hole, start the air pressure fertilization mechanism (5). The air pressure fertilization mechanism (5) will apply fertilizer into the planting hole to complete the fertilization. S3. Close the air pressure fertilization mechanism (5), start the drilling mechanism (4), and make the drilling mechanism (4) exit the planting hole; S4. The device continues to move; S5. Repeat S2~S4 to complete multiple drilling and fertilization operations. After the drilling and fertilization operations are completed in the planting area, soybean planting operations can be carried out according to the climate conditions.

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