Seed coating agents, their preparation methods and applications

Abstract

This application discloses a seed coating agent, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of agricultural seed treatment formulation technology. The seed coating agent consists of the following components by weight percentage: 2%-4% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.05%-0.08% nano-copper, 1%-2% traditional Chinese medicine extract, with the balance being deionized water. This application achieves disease control and growth promotion during seed germination through the synergistic effects of biostimulation, nutrient supply, physical sterilization, and natural active ingredients. It does not involve the addition of any chemically synthesized pesticides, and has advantages such as being green and safe, having synergistic functions, and being less likely to induce pesticide resistance. It also avoids the residual pollution and ecological risks associated with traditional coating agents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of agricultural seed treatment agents technology, specifically relating to a green, pesticide-free seed coating agent and its preparation method and application, and more particularly to an environmentally friendly seed coating agent that combines disease control and growth promotion functions, as well as its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Seed coating technology is a key means in modern agriculture to ensure crop germination rates and control seedling diseases and pests. Traditional seed coating agents mostly use chemically synthesized pesticides (such as fungicides and insecticides) as their core components, achieving disease and pest control through chemical toxicity. However, long-term use of such seed coating agents will lead to many problems: First, chemical pesticide residues pose a risk to agricultural product safety and affect human health; second, pathogens and pests easily develop resistance to chemical pesticides, requiring continuously increased dosages or replacement of pesticides, increasing costs and environmental pressure; third, chemical pesticides can disrupt the balance of soil microbial communities, affecting non-target organisms such as pollinating insects, causing continuous harm to the farmland ecosystem; finally, traditional seed coating agents often have a relatively singular function, mainly focusing on disease and pest control, and cannot provide effective nutritional support for seed germination and early seedling growth.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel green seed coating agents that can replace or partially replace chemical pesticides, possess both pest and disease control and growth promotion functions, and are environmentally friendly. This would address the technical challenges posed by existing traditional chemical pesticide coating agents, such as residual pollution, pesticide resistance, and ecological risks, and contribute to the green and sustainable development of agriculture. Summary of the Invention In view of this, the primary objective of this application is to provide a green, safe, and efficient seed coating agent to solve the problems of residue, resistance, and ecological risks associated with traditional chemical pesticide coating agents in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: One aspect of this application discloses a green, pesticide-free seed coating agent, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 2%-4% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.05%-0.08% nano copper, 1%-2% traditional Chinese medicine extract, and the balance being deionized water.

[0005] The seed coating agent in this application does not contain any chemically synthesized pesticides, such as chemical fungicides, chemical insecticides, chemical herbicides, etc.

[0006] Another aspect of this application discloses a method for preparing the seed coating agent described in this application, comprising the following steps: Obtain extracts from traditional Chinese medicine; Oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer was added to deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A; Nano-copper was added to the mixture A and dispersed thoroughly to obtain mixture B; The herbal extract was added to the mixture B, and after thorough mixing, the pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to obtain the seed coating agent.

[0007] Another aspect of this application discloses the application of the seed coating agent described herein in crop seed treatment.

[0008] Another aspect of this application discloses a seed treatment method, including the following steps: Mix the seed coating agent described in this application with the seeds at 2%-5% of the weight of the crop seeds to be treated until the seed surface is evenly coated with the seed coating agent, and then let them air dry naturally until there is no free water on the seed surface before sowing.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this application are: The seed coating agent provided in this application does not contain any chemically synthesized pesticides throughout the entire process. Its core components are all natural or environmentally friendly materials that are easily degraded in the soil. It will not cause pesticide residues or soil pollution, nor will it harm non-target organisms. It can effectively ensure the safety of agricultural products and the ecological balance of farmland, and completely solve the problem of residual pollution from traditional chemical coating agents.

[0010] The seed coating agent in this application constructs an integrated "protection + nutrition" seed protection system through a scientifically formulated compound of oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, nano-copper, and traditional Chinese medicine extracts. Specifically, oligosaccharides, as biostimulants, can activate the seed's own defense system and promote germination; humic acid water-soluble fertilizer provides nutrition and improves the rhizosphere microenvironment; nano-copper effectively kills bacteria through physical action and is less likely to induce drug resistance; and traditional Chinese medicine extracts provide natural antibacterial and insecticidal active ingredients. The synergistic effect of the components in this application achieves effective control of seed-borne / soil-borne diseases and significantly promotes seed germination and seedling growth without the addition of any chemically synthesized pesticides.

[0011] The seed coating agent proposed in this application is green, safe, environmentally friendly, and multifunctional. It provides an effective solution to the problems of residue, resistance, and ecology caused by traditional chemical pesticide coating agents, and has good prospects for promotion and application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. The technical solutions in the embodiments described below are exemplary and only possible technical implementations of this application, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can combine the embodiments of this application to obtain other embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of this application.

[0013] The first aspect of this application discloses a green, pesticide-free seed coating agent, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 2%-4% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.05%-0.08% nano copper, 1%-2% traditional Chinese medicine extract, and the balance being deionized water.

[0014] As described in this application, the core solution of this application is to provide a seed coating agent that is completely free of chemically synthesized pesticides. Through the scientific compounding of specific natural and physically active ingredients, it constructs a synergistic protection system that integrates "biostimulation, nutrient supply, physical sterilization, and natural antibacterial activity" to solve the problems of residues, pesticide resistance, and ecological risks caused by traditional chemical coating agents.

[0015] In this application, "oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer" is a type of compound functional water-soluble fertilizer that combines humic acid and oligosaccharides, two biostimulants, with macro- or micro-elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium required by plants. As a basic functional component of seed coating agents, it has both biostimulatory and nutrient supply functions.

[0016] Humic acid, as a soil conditioner, can improve soil aggregate structure, break up compaction, increase soil permeability, and adsorb nutrients, reducing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium loss and improving fertilizer utilization. Humic acid can be derived from mineral sources (such as weathered coal and lignite) or plant sources (such as plant straw). In some specific examples, the humic acid in the oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is preferably plant-derived humic acid, such as that extracted from corn, wheat, or other crop straws. This plant-derived humic acid has a relatively small molecular weight, high activity, and is more easily absorbed and utilized by seeds and seedlings.

[0017] It should be understood that the content of oligosaccharide humic acid in water-soluble fertilizer can be adjusted as needed or determined experimentally. In some specific examples, the effective ingredient content in the oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is: oligosaccharide content ≥20mg / L, humic acid content ≥30g / L, organic carbon content ≥20g / L, and contains various trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Zn, and B, with a total content ≥100g / L. Among them, oligosaccharides, as a plant immune stimulant, can activate the seed's own defense system and improve the seedling's resistance to soil-borne and seed-borne pathogens; at the same time, oligosaccharides can also promote the balance of endogenous hormones in seeds, break dormancy, and significantly improve germination potential and germination rate. Humic acid is an excellent soil conditioner and nutrient slow-release carrier, which can improve the soil aggregate structure around the seed, enhance water and fertilizer retention capacity, and provide a continuous organic carbon source and complexed trace elements for seed germination and early seedling growth. This application selects oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, which allows the advantages of the two components to be synergistically utilized: oligosaccharides initiate seed life activities and defense signals, while humic acid provides stable nutrition and a suitable rhizosphere microenvironment for subsequent growth.

[0018] In this application, "nano-copper" refers to spherical metallic copper particles with a particle size at the nanoscale, preferably with a purity of ≥99.9%. In this application, the particle size of nano-copper is 3-7 nm, for example, it can be any particle size or a range between any two of the following: 3 nm, 3.5 nm, 4 nm, 4.5 nm, 5 nm, 5.5 nm, 6 nm, 6.5 nm, and 7 nm. Within this particle size and purity range, the bactericidal effect and safety of use can be ensured. Specifically, when the particle size is less than 3 nm, the copper particles have excessively high chemical activity and are prone to oxidation and aggregation during storage, leading to unstable bactericidal effects and potentially causing slight burns to the seed radicles. When the particle size is greater than 7 nm, the specific surface area of ​​nano-copper is significantly reduced, weakening its physical penetration ability through the cell walls of pathogens, requiring increased dosage to achieve the same bactericidal effect, which not only increases costs but also increases the risk of copper accumulation in the soil. The particle size of 3-7nm ensures high surface activity and sterilization efficiency, while maintaining system stability through reasonable dispersion process, and reducing the safety risk to seeds. It is a key parameter for balancing "high efficiency sterilization, low environmental load and seed safety".

[0019] Unlike traditional copper preparations (such as Bordeaux mixture and basic copper sulfate), the nano-copper in this application mainly exerts its bactericidal function through physical contact. Its mechanism of action is mainly as follows: (1) Nanoparticles are directly adsorbed onto the cell wall / membrane surface of pathogens (such as fungi and bacteria), destroying their integrity and causing leakage of cell contents; (2) In the presence of trace water molecules and oxygen, nano-copper can induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative damage to the cell membrane lipids, proteins and DNA of pathogens; (3) The released copper ions can interfere with the activity of enzymes in the cells of pathogens. Since the aforementioned mechanism of action does not depend on specific biochemical targets, pathogens are less likely to develop hereditary drug resistance, effectively solving the problem of resistance development in chemical pesticides. In addition, the nano-sized particles endow it with a huge specific surface area and higher surface activity, so that it can achieve bactericidal effects comparable to or even better than traditional copper preparations at extremely low dosages (0.05%-0.08%), thereby significantly reducing the risk of copper accumulation in the soil and improving environmental compatibility. This application introduces the physical bactericidal component into the seed coating system, providing a fast-acting and non-resistant disease defense.

[0020] In this application, "traditional Chinese medicine extract" refers to extracts of active ingredients derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. As a preferred example, the extract is derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, Sophora flavescens, and Rheum palmatum. These herbs have been proven in traditional medicine to possess broad-spectrum antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and insecticidal activities. In some specific examples, the extract is a mixed extract of at least two of the aforementioned herbs, prepared by ethanol reflux extraction to maximize the retention of its active ingredients, wherein the total flavonoid content is not less than 15% by mass. It is understood that baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis, matrine / oxymatrine in Sophora flavescens, and emodin in Rheum palmatum are all known natural antibacterial active substances. Their mechanisms of action are diverse, including interfering with pathogen cell membrane function, inhibiting hyphal growth and spore germination, and inhibiting pathogen toxin synthesis. Compared with single chemical pesticides, these multi-component natural extracts can form a multi-target complex effect against pathogens, further reducing the risk of drug resistance. More importantly, these natural components are easily degraded in the environment and are friendly to non-target organisms and soil microecology. In the seed coating agent of this application, the extracts of traditional Chinese medicine and nano copper work synergistically to form an effective disease defense line that combines "physical sterilization" and "natural antibacterial" effects, and can also have a certain repellent effect on underground pests.

[0021] As a preferred formulation, the mass ratio of the herbal raw materials in the herbal extract is preferably 1:1 or 1:1:1.

[0022] In this application, the above three components are compounded in a specific ratio, exhibiting a significant synergistic effect. Specifically, the oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer provides the system with basic adhesion and nutritional functions. If the content is too low, the effects of promoting growth and inducing resistance will be insufficient; if it is too high, it may lead to an excessively thick coating, affecting seed aeration. Therefore, as a preferred example, the content in this application is 2%-4%, for example, any content of 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, or 4%, or a range between any two contents.

[0023] Nano-copper provides the core physical sterilization function. Its dosage is strictly controlled within a range that is effective in sterilization, safe for seeds, and has the lowest environmental impact. As a preferred example, its content is 0.05%-0.08%, for example, it can be any content or a range between any two of 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, and 0.08%.

[0024] Traditional Chinese medicine extracts provide auxiliary antibacterial and bioactivity. They complement nano-copper in the antibacterial spectrum, enhancing the control effect against complex pathogenic flora. As a preferred example, the content is 1%-2%, for example, any content from 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2%, or a range between any two contents. This range ensures auxiliary antibacterial effects and avoids increased costs due to excessive dosage.

[0025] In summary, all three components in this application are indispensable and work synergistically. As shown in the comparative examples, the absence of any one component, while potentially effective in one aspect, would result in significant shortcomings in overall efficacy, growth promotion, or environmental safety. The optimized formulation of this application allows each component to function sequentially during the critical window period from seed germination to early seedling development: upon contact with water, the nano-copper initially exerts its contact bactericidal effect; the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine are gradually released, providing continuous antibacterial protection; simultaneously, the oligosaccharide humic acid rapidly acts on the seeds and young roots, stimulating resistance and supplying nutrients, thus achieving a seamless integration of "protection" and "growth." The remaining deionized water serves as a solvent and dispersion medium, ensuring uniform dispersion of each component and the formation of a stable coating film.

[0026] The second aspect of this application discloses a method for preparing the seed coating agent, comprising the following steps: Obtain extracts from traditional Chinese medicine; Oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer was added to deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A; Nano-copper was added to the mixture A and dispersed thoroughly to obtain mixture B; The herbal extract was added to the mixture B, and after thorough mixing, the pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to obtain the seed coating agent.

[0027] The extraction of herbal extracts can be achieved using extraction methods well-known in the field, as long as the active ingredients meet the requirements. In some specific examples, ethanol reflux extraction of herbal extracts is used to efficiently obtain both fat-soluble and water-soluble active substances, while vacuum concentration avoids the destruction of heat-sensitive components by prolonged high temperatures. Specifically, the herbal raw materials are pulverized and then refluxed with a 50%-70% ethanol solution 2-3 times, each extraction lasting 1.5-2.5 hours. The extracts are then combined and concentrated under reduced pressure until the solid content is 30%-50%. The particle size of the pulverized herbal raw materials is preferably controlled at 80-100 mesh to increase the contact area between the raw materials and the extraction solvent, thereby improving the extraction rate of active ingredients. By optimizing the extraction time and number of extractions, the extraction effect can be ensured while avoiding the loss of effective components.

[0028] Furthermore, this application overcomes the problem of nanoparticle agglomeration by first dissolving oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer to form a homogeneous nutrient matrix, and then adding nano-copper under ultrasonic or vigorous stirring, ensuring uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the system and guaranteeing the uniformity of the bactericidal effect. Finally, traditional Chinese medicine extracts are added and the pH is adjusted to a neutral-to-slightly acidic range (6.5-7.5). This pH environment is most conducive to the germination of most crop seeds, while also maintaining the stability of each component, especially the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine. This preparation process is simple, mild, suitable for large-scale production, and can retain the biological and chemical activity of each component to the greatest extent. The specific dispersion and stirring times can be adjusted according to experimental needs and are not particularly limited.

[0029] This application further discloses the application of the seed coating agent described herein in seed treatment, as well as the seed treatment method.

[0030] The coating agent described in this application is easy to use. Apply the coating at a ratio of 2%-5% of the seed weight. This optimized dosage range is sufficient to form a uniform, complete protective film on the seed surface with adequate active ingredient load, without hindering seed respiration and water absorption due to excessive coating thickness. After stirring, allow the seeds to air dry naturally until no free moisture remains on the seed surface before sowing. This method is suitable for mechanized or manual seed dressing.

[0031] The seed coating agent of this application is applicable to most crops in the field, including, but not limited to, corn, wheat, rice, and soybean.

[0032] The present application will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments below are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the present application in any way.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

[0034] In addition, unless otherwise specified, methods without detailed conditions or steps are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials used are commercially available.

[0035] Example 1: Seed coating agent and its preparation This embodiment provides a seed coating agent, which, by weight, comprises: 2% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.05% nano-copper (spherical, 5nm particle size, 99.9% purity), 1% traditional Chinese medicine extracts (Scutellaria baicalensis and Sophora flavescens), and the balance being deionized water. Specifically, the oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer contains 20 mg / L oligosaccharides, 30 g / L humic acid, 20 g / L organic carbon, and a total content of 100 g / L of Fe, Mn, Zn, and B elements; the traditional Chinese medicine extract contains 15% total flavonoids.

[0036] The preparation steps of the seed coating agent in this embodiment are as follows: (1) Scutellaria baicalensis and Sophora flavescens were pulverized to 80 mesh at a mass ratio of 1:1 and then extracted twice by reflux with 60% ethanol solution (2 hours each time). The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure until the solid content was 40% to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.

[0037] (2) Add oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer to deionized water and stir at 50°C for 30 minutes until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A.

[0038] (3) Add nano copper to mixture A and ultrasonically disperse it for 20 minutes at 400W power to obtain mixture B.

[0039] (4) Add the herbal extract obtained in step (1) to mixture B, stir and mix for 45 minutes, adjust the pH to 7.0 with dilute sodium hydroxide solution to obtain seed coating agent.

[0040] Example 2: Seed coating agent and its preparation This embodiment provides another seed coating agent, which, by weight, comprises: 3% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.06% nano-copper (spherical, 5nm particle size, 99.9% purity), 1.5% traditional Chinese medicine extract, and the balance being deionized water. The oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer contains 25 mg / L oligosaccharides, 35 g / L humic acid, 22 g / L organic carbon, and a total content of 110 g / L for Fe, Mn, Zn, and B elements; the traditional Chinese medicine extract contains 18% total flavonoids.

[0041] The preparation steps of the seed coating agent in this embodiment are as follows: (1) Scutellaria baicalensis and rhubarb were pulverized at a mass ratio of 1:1 and extracted three times by reflux with 50% ethanol solution (1.5h each time). The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure until the solid content was 50% to obtain the herbal extract.

[0042] (2) Add oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A.

[0043] (3) Add nano copper to mixture A and mechanically stir and disperse for 20 minutes to obtain mixture B.

[0044] (4) Add the herbal extract obtained in step (1) to the mixture B, stir and mix for 60 minutes, and adjust the pH to 6.8 to obtain the seed coating agent of this embodiment.

[0045] Example 3: Seed coating agent and its preparation This embodiment provides another seed coating agent, which, by weight, comprises: 4% oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 0.08% nano-copper (spherical, 5nm particle size, 99.9% purity), 2% traditional Chinese medicine extract, and the balance being deionized water. The oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer contains 30 mg / L oligosaccharides, 40 g / L humic acid, 25 g / L organic carbon, and a total content of 120 g / L of Fe, Mn, Zn, and B elements; the traditional Chinese medicine extract contains 20% total flavonoids.

[0046] The preparation steps of the seed coating agent in this embodiment are as follows: (1) Scutellaria baicalensis, Sophora flavescens and rhubarb were pulverized in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 and extracted three times by reflux with 50% ethanol solution (2.5h each time). The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure until the solid content was 30% to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.

[0047] (2) Add oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer to deionized water in proportion and stir until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A.

[0048] (3) Add nano copper to mixture A and ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes to obtain mixture B.

[0049] (4) Add the herbal extract obtained in step (1) to the mixture B, stir and mix for 40 minutes, and adjust the pH to 7.2 to obtain the seed coating agent of this embodiment.

[0050] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent that does not contain oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer. The specific composition and preparation method can be referred to in Example 1, the only difference being that oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is not added.

[0051] All other process steps and parameter conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent without the addition of nano-copper. The specific composition and preparation method can be referred to in Example 1, the only difference being that nano-copper is not added.

[0053] All other process steps and parameter conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent without the addition of traditional Chinese medicine extracts. The specific composition and preparation method can be referred to in Example 1, the only difference being that no traditional Chinese medicine extracts are added.

[0055] All other process steps and parameter conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 4: This comparative example provides another seed coating agent, the specific composition and preparation method of which can be referred to in Example 1, the only difference being that the 5nm nano copper in Example 1 is replaced in equal amounts with 10nm nano copper particles (purity ≥99.9%).

[0057] Comparative Example 5: Traditional chemical pesticides and coating agents are used, employing commercially available conventional chemical seed coating agents (including chemical fungicides such as carbendazim and chemical insecticides such as imidacloprid), and applied according to the recommended dosage in their instructions.

[0058] Experimental Example: Test of the Application Effect of Seed Coating Agent 1. Test materials: The seed coating agents described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5; wheat seeds (variety: Jimai 44), corn seeds (variety: Zhengdan 958), soybean seeds (variety: Zhonghuang 13), and rice seeds (variety: Yangliangyou 6) were all carefully selected, disease-free seeds. A blank control group without coating was also set up.

[0059] 2. Field germination test (1) Wheat experiment: The experimental site was set up in Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, and mechanical row sowing was used. After the wheat seedlings emerged, 3 to 5 representative sampling points were selected. 2 to 3 rows were selected at each sampling point, with a row length of 1.1 meters. The number of seedlings at each sampling point was counted and the average value was calculated. Then, the average value per 666.7 m² was calculated. 2 Basic seedling count and emergence rate.

[0060] (2) Maize experiment: The experiment site was set in Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province. The seeding method was adopted, with a row spacing of 60cm and a plant spacing of 30cm. After the maize seedlings emerged, the five-point sampling method (four corners and the center of the field) was used. Five points were investigated at each sampling point, and the number of seedlings and the seedling rate were counted.

[0061] (3) Soybean experiment: The experiment was conducted in Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, using row sowing. After the soybeans had fully emerged, 3-5 representative sample points were selected. For each sample point, 2-3 rows were selected side by side, with a row length of 1.1 meters. The number of seedlings at each sample point was counted and the average value was calculated. Then, the average value per 666.7 m² was calculated. 2 Basic seedling count and emergence rate.

[0062] (4) Rice Experiment: The experiment was conducted in Wangjiang County, Anqing City, Anhui Province, using broadcast sowing. After the rice seedlings had fully emerged, 3-5 representative sample points were selected using a 1-meter square wire frame. The number of seedlings in each sample point was counted and the average value was calculated. The average value was then converted to the average value per 666.7m². 2 Basic seedling count and emergence rate.

[0063] The germination rate (%) is calculated as follows: (Actual number of normally germinating seedlings per unit area / Effective number of seeds sown per unit area) × 100%. 3. Disease control efficacy test: Wheat sheath blight and maize root rot were investigated during the seedling stage (wheat 3-5 leaf stage, maize 2-3 leaf stage). Three sampling sites were randomly selected for each treatment, with 100 plants investigated at each site. The number of diseased plants was counted, and the disease index and control efficacy were calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: Disease index = Total number of plants surveyed / Total number of leaves × Representative value of the highest level ∑(Number of diseased plants at each level / Number of diseased leaves × Representative value of each level) × 100; Prevention efficacy = (Disease index of blank control - Disease index of treatment) / Disease index of blank control × 100%.

[0064] The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0065] Table 1 Seedling emergence rate test results

[0066] Table 2 Results of Disease Prevention and Control Tests

[0067] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the combination of the three core components in a specific ratio in this application resulted in a significant synergistic improvement in seed germination rate, which was significantly better than any comparative experimental group and also significantly better than traditional chemical treatment, fully demonstrating the importance of the synergistic effect of the components in this application.

[0068] In summary, the green, pesticide-free seed coating agent provided by this invention, through the scientific formulation of natural active ingredients, significantly promotes seed germination and seedling growth while ensuring excellent disease control effects, achieving zero addition of chemical pesticides. It is highly efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly, and has good application value.

[0069] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A seed coating agent, characterized in that, It consists of the following components by weight percentage: Oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer 2%-4%, nano copper 0.05%-0.08%, traditional Chinese medicine extract 1%-2%, the remainder is deionized water.

2. The seed coating agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The humic acid in the oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is plant-derived humic acid; Preferably, the plant-derived humic acid is extracted from corn, wheat, or rice straw.

3. The seed coating agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer contains oligosaccharide content ≥20mg / L, humic acid content ≥30g / L, organic carbon content ≥20g / L, and total content of Fe, Mn, Zn and B elements ≥100g / L.

4. The seed coating agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-copper is spherical nano-copper particles with a particle size of 3-7 nm and a purity of ≥99.9%.

5. The seed coating agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The herbal extract is a mixture of at least two of the following: Scutellaria baicalensis, Sophora flavescens, and Rheum palmatum, and the total flavonoid content of the herbal extract is ≥15%.

6. The method for preparing the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain extracts from traditional Chinese medicine; Oligosaccharide humic acid water-soluble fertilizer was added to deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain mixture A; Nano-copper was added to the mixture A and dispersed thoroughly to obtain mixture B; The herbal extract was added to the mixture B, and after thorough mixing, the pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to obtain the seed coating agent.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation of the herbal extract includes the following steps: After pulverizing the Chinese herbal raw materials, reflux them with 50%-70% ethanol solution 2-3 times, each extraction lasting 1.5-2.5 hours. Combine the extracts and concentrate them under reduced pressure until the solid content is 30%-50%.

8. The application of the seed coating agent as described in any one of claims 1-5 in crop seed treatment.

9. A seed treatment method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mix the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1-5 with the seeds at 2%-5% of the weight of the crop seeds to be treated until the seed surface is evenly coated with the seed coating agent, and then let them air dry naturally until there is no free moisture on the seed surface before sowing. Preferably, the crop is at least one of corn, wheat, rice, and soybean.

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