Composite material for improving yield and quality of chrysanthemum as well as preparation method and application of composite material
By constructing a composite material system of polyether-modified organosilicon, carboxymethyl cellulose, silica, and MgFe-LDHs, the problems of spreadability and stability of spray materials in chrysanthemum cultivation were solved, thereby improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
In current chrysanthemum cultivation, foliar spraying materials have poor spreadability and adhesion on the leaf surface, are easily lost, and lack stability of the material system, resulting in unstable regulatory effects and difficulty in continuously playing a role in different growth stages or environments, thus affecting chrysanthemum yield and quality.
A composite material system consisting of polyether-modified organosilicon solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, silica, and MgFe-LDHs was constructed. Through reasonable proportioning and synergistic effects, the spreading and retention properties of the spray material on the surface of chrysanthemum leaves were improved, thereby enhancing the stability and applicability of the application process.
It achieved stable regulation of the chrysanthemum growth process, improved chrysanthemum yield and quality, ensured uniform coverage and retention of materials on the leaf surface, and promoted the improvement of chrysanthemum growth.
Smart Images
Figure CN122074512A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural biomaterials and plant cultivation regulation technology, and in particular to a composite material for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Chrysanthemums, as important ornamental plants and economic crops, are widely used in horticulture, cut flower production, medicine, and tea production. Their yield and quality directly affect cultivation benefits and product value. In the large-scale cultivation of chrysanthemums, how to increase yield and improve flower quality while ensuring growth stability has always been a key technical issue of concern in related fields.
[0003] In current chrysanthemum cultivation, fertilization, foliar spraying of growth regulators, or functional preparations are commonly used to promote growth and improve quality. Among these, foliar spraying is widely used for chrysanthemum growth regulation due to its direct action and rapid response. However, existing foliar spraying materials still have certain shortcomings in practical application. On the one hand, some spraying materials have poor spreadability and adhesion on leaf surfaces, easily leading to loss after spraying and resulting in low utilization of effective ingredients. On the other hand, some material systems lack stability, easily agglomerating or layering during preparation or application, affecting spray uniformity and effectiveness.
[0004] Furthermore, existing foliar sprays for chrysanthemum growth regulation are mostly based on single functional components, lacking synergistic design among multiple functional materials. This makes it difficult to simultaneously consider the material's dispersion stability, leaf adhesion performance, and overall regulatory effect on chrysanthemum growth. In actual production, this can easily lead to unstable regulatory effects, making it difficult to maintain effectiveness across different growth stages or environmental conditions.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a composite material system with reasonable composition, good stability, and suitable for foliar spraying. By optimizing the material composition and its synergistic effects, the spreading and retention properties of the spray material on the chrysanthemum leaf surface can be improved, thereby enhancing the stability and applicability of the application process and providing a new technical approach to simultaneously improve the yield and quality of chrysanthemums. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a composite material for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, its preparation method and application. By constructing a composite material system with reasonable composition and good stability, and applying it to the leaves of chrysanthemum plants, the invention aims to improve the insufficient spreadability and applicability of existing foliar control materials in chrysanthemum cultivation, thereby achieving effective control over the chrysanthemum growth process and improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A composite material for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, characterized in that it comprises: a polyether-modified organosilicon solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, silica, and MgFe-LDHs; wherein, based on the volume of the mixture formed by the polyether-modified organosilicon solution and water, the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose is 25–30 g / L, the concentration of silica is 1.0–1.2 g / L, and the amount of MgFe-LDHs added is 1% of the total mass of the composite material system.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the volume ratio of the polyether-modified organosilicon to water is 1:6000 or 1:9000.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the carboxymethyl cellulose has a degree of substitution of 0.6 to 0.8 and a molecular weight of 200,000 to 400,000.
[0010] In one possible embodiment, the silica is nano-silica with a particle size of 50–100 nm and a specific surface area of 100–200 m². 2 / g.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the MgFe-LDHs are layered bimetallic hydroxides, the layers of which are composed of Mg 2+ with Fe 3+ constitute.
[0012] A method for preparing the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: Add polyether-modified organosilicon to water and stir to obtain a uniform dispersion; S2: Add carboxymethyl cellulose to the uniform dispersion and stir to dissolve it evenly; S3: Add silica and MgFe-LDHs sequentially to the solution obtained in step S2, and continue stirring to disperse them evenly to obtain the composite material.
[0013] In one possible implementation, in step S1, the volume ratio of the polyether-modified organosilicon to water is 1:6000 or 1:9000; the stirring speed is 3000 r / min; and the stirring time is 10 min.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the stirring speed in step S2 is 3000 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min; the stirring speed in step S3 is 3000 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min.
[0015] The application of the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums is characterized in that the composite material is sprayed onto the leaves of the chrysanthemum plant.
[0016] The above applications are not limited to specific varieties or growth stages of chrysanthemums.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the spraying is a foliar spray, with a spraying amount of 0.1 to 0.5 mL per square centimeter of leaf area; spraying is performed once every 3 days, for a total of 3 consecutive sprays.
[0018] Based on the above technical solution, this invention provides a composite material for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, its preparation method, and its application. This composite material is constructed into a stable and uniform composite system by using polyether-modified organosilicon solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, silica, and MgFe layered bimetallic hydroxide. It is then applied to the leaves of chrysanthemum plants via foliar spraying to achieve comprehensive regulation of the chrysanthemum growth process.
[0019] Among them, polyether-modified organosilicon, as a surface-active component, helps to reduce the surface tension of the sprayed liquid, improve the spreadability and adhesion of the composite material on the chrysanthemum leaf surface, and enable the functional components to cover the leaf surface more evenly; carboxymethyl cellulose, as a water-soluble polymer material, helps to improve the stability and adhesion of the system after its introduction, thereby reducing the loss of effective ingredients during spraying; silica, dispersed in the system in the form of particles, can improve the structural stability of the composite material and help to enhance the retention capacity of the leaf surface for the sprayed liquid; MgFe layered bimetallic hydroxide participates in the construction of the composite system through its layered structural characteristics and plays a synergistic regulatory role in the composite material.
[0020] Through the reasonable proportion and synergistic effect of the above components, the composite material of the present invention can form a stable distribution state during foliar spraying, which is beneficial to regulate the physiological state of chrysanthemums at key growth stages, thereby improving the overall growth of chrysanthemums, promoting yield increase and contributing to quality improvement.
[0021] Furthermore, the preparation method provided by this invention has a simple process flow, mild preparation conditions, and the components are easy to disperse and mix, which can obtain composite materials with uniform composition and good stability, and is suitable for actual production and application.
[0022] Therefore, by constructing a reasonable composite material system and combining it with appropriate application methods, this invention solves the problems of unstable effects of existing chrysanthemum cultivation control methods, insufficient dispersion and applicability of material systems, and has good application prospects. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1These are physical images of the composite materials prepared in Examples 2 and 3.
[0024] Figure 2 These are actual photos of chrysanthemum leaves after being sprayed with the products from Examples 2 and 3 for 9 days.
[0025] Figure 3 These are actual images taken under an optical microscope after spraying chrysanthemum leaves for 9 days, as shown in Examples 2 and 3.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the total sugar content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the total protein content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the total free amino acid content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups.
[0029] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the total starch content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the flavonoid content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups.
[0031] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand the technical solution and implementation method of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.
[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the various embodiments of the present invention are all commercially available conventional products, and the experimental conditions, operating methods, and detection methods are all conventional technical means well known to those skilled in the art. The proportions, parameters, and processing conditions involved in each embodiment are preferred examples given under the premise that the technical solution of the present invention is feasible.
[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, composite materials T6000 and T9000 were prepared by varying the volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water. Specifically, composite material T6000 represents the composite material prepared with a volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water of 1:6000, and composite material T9000 represents the composite material prepared with a volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water of 1:9000. Apart from the aforementioned difference in volume ratio, the remaining raw material composition and preparation steps remain consistent.
[0035] In subsequent embodiments, the preparation of MgFe layered bimetallic hydroxide, the preparation process of composite materials T6000 and T9000, the application of composite materials in chrysanthemum foliar spraying, and the changes in the surface state of chrysanthemum leaves and related physiological and quality indicators after spraying will be described, and the corresponding implementation results will be explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0036] Example 1: Preparation of MgFe-LDHs This embodiment provides a method for preparing MgFe layered bimetallic hydroxides (MgFe-LDHs) for use as inorganic functional components in subsequent composite materials.
[0037] MgFe-LDHs were prepared using a coprecipitation method. The specific steps are as follows: Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and ferric nitrate Fe(NO3)3 were reacted according to Mg 2+ with Fe 3+ A mixed metal salt solution was prepared with a molar ratio of 4:1, wherein the concentration of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O was 0.24 mol / L and the concentration of Fe(NO3)3 was 0.06 mol / L; at the same time, a 4 mol / L NaOH solution was prepared as a precipitant.
[0038] Under nitrogen protection, the above mixed metal salt solution and NaOH solution were simultaneously added dropwise to deionized water, with continuous stirring at room temperature. The pH of the system was controlled at 10 ± 0.2 during the reaction to promote complete co-precipitation of the metal ions. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for a period of time to ensure the reaction system was fully homogenized.
[0039] The obtained precipitate was sealed and subjected to crystallization treatment for 18 hours. After crystallization, the product was centrifuged and repeatedly washed with deionized water until the washing solution was neutral. After washing, a portion of the obtained gel-like product was dispersed in deionized water to prepare a MgFe-LDHs dispersion with a concentration of 1 g / L for later use.
[0040] The MgFe-LDHs obtained through the above steps have a layered bimetallic hydroxide structure and can be used for the preparation of composite materials in subsequent examples.
[0041] Example 2: Preparation of composite material T6000 This embodiment provides a method for preparing composite material T6000 for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, wherein composite material T6000 refers to a composite material prepared by a volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water of 1:6000.
[0042] The specific preparation steps are as follows: Take 6000 mL of deionized water and place it in a stirring container. Add 1 mL of polyether-modified organosilicon to the container and stir at 3000 r / min for 10 min at room temperature to fully disperse the polyether-modified organosilicon in the water, thus obtaining a uniform surfactant solution.
[0043] Carboxymethyl cellulose was added to the above surfactant solution to make its final concentration in the system 30 g / L. The mixture was stirred at 3000 r / min for 30 min at room temperature until the carboxymethyl cellulose was evenly dissolved in the solution.
[0044] Subsequently, nano-silica was added to the above solution under stirring to make its final concentration in the system 1.1 g / L, and MgFe-LDHs prepared in Example 1 was further added to make its addition amount 1% of the total mass of the composite material system. The mixture was stirred at 3000 r / min for 30 min to make the components uniformly dispersed in the system, thus obtaining composite material T6000.
[0045] The composite material T6000 obtained through the above steps is a uniform and stable composite system, and its appearance is as follows. Figure 1 As shown.
[0046] Example 3: Preparation of composite material T9000 This embodiment provides a method for preparing composite material T9000 for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, wherein composite material T9000 refers to a composite material prepared by a volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water of 1:9000.
[0047] The preparation method of composite material T9000 is basically the same as that in Example 2, except that the volume ratio of polyether-modified organosilicon to water is different. Specifically, 9000 mL of deionized water is placed in a stirring container, and 1 mL of polyether-modified organosilicon is added to it. The mixture is stirred at 3000 r / min for 10 min at room temperature to fully disperse the polyether-modified organosilicon in the water, resulting in a uniform surfactant solution.
[0048] Subsequently, carboxymethyl cellulose was added to the above surfactant solution to make its final concentration in the system 30 g / L, and stirred at 3000 r / min for 30 min at room temperature until the carboxymethyl cellulose was dissolved evenly.
[0049] Nano-silica was added to the above solution to make its final concentration in the system 1.1 g / L, and MgFe-LDHs prepared in Example 1 was added to make its addition amount 1% of the total mass of the composite material system. Then, the mixture was stirred at 3000 r / min for 30 min to make the components fully dispersed and uniform, thus obtaining composite material T9000.
[0050] The composite material T9000 obtained through the above steps is a stable and homogeneous composite system, and its appearance is also as described above. Figure 1 As shown.
[0051] Application example: Application of composite materials in chrysanthemum foliar spraying To verify the application effect of the composite material of the present invention in chrysanthemum cultivation, the composite material T6000 and composite material T9000 prepared in Examples 2 and 3 were used to spray the chrysanthemum plants with foliar spray.
[0052] Forty-eight healthy chrysanthemum plants with uniform growth and free from pests and diseases were selected and randomly divided into three groups of 16 plants each: a control group (CK group), a T6000 treatment group, and a T9000 treatment group. The control group was sprayed with an equal volume of water, the T6000 treatment group was sprayed with the T6000 composite material, and the T9000 treatment group was sprayed with the T9000 composite material. Before spraying, impurities and insects were removed from the surface of the chrysanthemum leaves, and the plants were pruned appropriately, retaining 10-15 healthy leaves to ensure that the canopy structure of the plants in each treatment group was basically uniform.
[0053] The chrysanthemum plants were treated with a handheld sprayer, with the nozzle held 15–20 cm above the leaves. The composite material was evenly sprayed onto both sides of the leaves at a rate of 0.3 mL / cm². The treatment was repeated every 3 days for a total of 3 applications, with a total treatment period of 9 days. After treatment, the plants were placed at room temperature for routine care.
[0054] The leaf appearance of chrysanthemum plants in each treatment group 9 days after spraying is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.
[0055] Experiment Example 4: Distribution of composite materials on the surface of chrysanthemum leaves To observe the distribution of the composite material of the present invention on the surface of chrysanthemum leaves, microscopic observations were performed on the chrysanthemum leaves of the control group (CK group), the T6000 treatment group, and the T9000 treatment group, respectively.
[0056] Nine days after the final spraying treatment, three healthy, mature leaves from the upper and middle parts of each chrysanthemum plant were randomly selected from each treatment group. The leaves were cut along the base of the petiole and immediately placed in a petri dish lined with moistened filter paper to prevent dehydration or curling. Before microscopic observation, loose particles on the leaf surface were gently removed with a soft brush to avoid damaging the leaf surface structure or any remaining membrane.
[0057] A leaf sample of approximately 5 mm × 5 mm was cut from the middle of the leaf, avoiding the midrib, and then flattened onto an observation slide with the leaf surface facing upwards. An optical microscope equipped with a digital imaging system was used to observe and acquire images of the leaf surface under a mixed illumination mode of transmitted and reflected light. During observation, the uniformity of the composite material distribution on the leaf surface, its coverage continuity, and its bonding with the leaf surface structure were examined.
[0058] The observation results of chrysanthemum leaves in each treatment group under an optical microscope are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.
[0059] Experiment Example 5: Determination of Physiological and Quality Indicators of Chrysanthemum Leaves To further characterize the physiological state and quality changes of chrysanthemum leaves after treatment with the composite material of the present invention, relevant physiological and quality indicators of chrysanthemum leaves in different treatment groups were measured after the application treatment was completed.
[0060] Nine days after the final spraying treatment, healthy, mature leaves from the upper and middle parts of chrysanthemum plants were randomly selected as test samples from the control group (CK group), the T6000 treatment group, and the T9000 treatment group. After sampling, the leaves underwent necessary pretreatment, and all indicators were measured under the same conditions.
[0061] (a) Determination of quality-related indicators The quality components in the chrysanthemum leaves of each treatment group were tested, and the test indicators included: Total sugar content; Total protein content; Total free amino acid content; Total starch content; Flavonoid content.
[0062] The total sugar content was determined using the anthrone colorimetric method; the total protein content was determined using the Coomassie brilliant blue colorimetric method; the total free amino acid content was determined using the ninhydrin colorimetric method; the total starch content was determined using a colorimetric method after hydrolysis; and the flavonoid content was determined using a colorimetric method with rutin as a reference standard. All methods used for determining these indicators were standard diagnostic methods in this field.
[0063] The results of detecting the total sugar, total protein, total free amino acids, total starch, and flavonoid content in chrysanthemum leaves of different treatment groups are as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown.
[0064] (II) Determination of antioxidant-related physiological indicators Antioxidant-related physiological indicators of chrysanthemum leaves in each treatment group were detected. The detected indicators included: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; Peroxidase (POD) activity; Catalase (CAT) activity; Malondialdehyde (MDA) content.
[0065] The above indicators were determined using a colorimetric method, and the detection process was completed under the same experimental conditions. The detection results of antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde content in chrysanthemum leaves from different treatment groups are as follows: Figure 9 As shown.
[0066] In summary, the above embodiments detail the preparation process of the composite material of the present invention and its application in chrysanthemum foliar spraying, demonstrating that the composite material of the present invention can be stably prepared under conventional conditions and is suitable for chrysanthemum foliar spraying applications.
[0067] The differences between the various embodiments lie only in some process parameters or proportions, while the remaining raw material composition and preparation steps are basically the same. All different embodiments embody the core concept of the technical solution of the present invention.
[0068] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the parameters or steps in the embodiments without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should all fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A composite material for improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, characterized in that, include: The composite material contains a polyether-modified silicone solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, silica, and MgFe-LDHs; wherein, based on the volume of the mixture formed by the polyether-modified silicone solution and water, the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose is 25–30 g / L, the concentration of silica is 1.0–1.2 g / L, and the amount of MgFe-LDHs added is 1% of the total mass of the composite material system.
2. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the polyether-modified organosilicon to water is 1:6000 or 1:9000.
3. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degree of substitution of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.6 to 0.8, and the molecular weight is 200,000 to 400,000.
4. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silica is nano-silica with a particle size of 50–100 nm and a specific surface area of 100–200 m². 2 / g.
5. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MgFe-LDHs are layered bimetallic hydroxides, with layers composed of Mg 2+ with Fe 3+ constitute.
6. A method for preparing the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Add polyether-modified organosilicon to water and stir to obtain a uniform dispersion; S2: Add carboxymethyl cellulose to the uniform dispersion and stir to dissolve it evenly; S3: Add silica and MgFe-LDHs sequentially to the solution obtained in step S2, and continue stirring to disperse them evenly to obtain the composite material.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the volume ratio of the polyether-modified organosilicon to water is 1:6000 or 1:9000; the stirring speed is 3000 r / min and the stirring time is 10 min.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the stirring speed is 3000 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min; in step S3, the stirring speed is 3000 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min.
9. The application of the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in improving the yield and quality of chrysanthemums, characterized in that, The composite material was sprayed onto the leaves of the chrysanthemum plant.
10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The spraying is foliar spraying, with a spraying amount of 0.1 to 0.5 mL per square centimeter of leaf area; spray once every 3 days, for a total of 3 sprays.