A shock absorption device with multiple damping functions

Abstract

This invention discloses a shock absorber with multiple damping functions, belonging to the technical field of automotive equipment shock absorber seats. It includes a support platform and a shock absorber base. A first damping component, a second damping component, and a third damping component are sequentially arranged between the support platform and the shock absorber base. The first damping component is an elastic buffer layer used for initial buffering of low-frequency large impacts. The second damping component is a damping energy dissipation layer used to absorb and dissipate vibration energy. The third damping component is a dynamic adjustment layer that achieves real-time damping for dynamically changing loads and vibration frequencies. The second damping component includes an upper mounting base and a lower mounting base. The upper mounting base is connected to the lower mounting base through a movable frame buffer structure, a damping damping structure, and a guide structure. This invention, employing the aforementioned shock absorber with multiple damping functions, can solve the technical problems of existing automotive equipment shock absorber seats having single damping, simple buffering structures, and a lack of dynamic adaptive capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive equipment shock absorber technology, and more particularly to a shock absorber device with multiple shock absorption functions. Background Technology

[0002] During vehicle operation, shock absorber mounts, as core components for equipment installation (such as engines, transmissions, and onboard electronic devices) and passenger support, directly affect the stability, lifespan, and ride comfort of the equipment. Currently, most shock absorber mounts used in the automotive industry are single-layer damping structures, primarily relying on rubber pads, single springs, or simple dampers for damping. While these can meet basic damping requirements, they still have many shortcomings under complex driving conditions, specifically: The single damping level makes it difficult to cover the attenuation of multi-frequency vibrations: Existing damping mounts are mostly optimized for vibrations in a specific frequency range (such as only suitable for low-frequency road impacts or medium-to-high frequency engine vibrations). They use a simple structure of a single elastic element + damping, which cannot effectively attenuate the low-frequency large-amplitude road bumps (5-50Hz), medium-to-high frequency engine vibrations (50-100Hz), and small residual vibrations that coexist during vehicle operation. This can easily lead to vibrations being transmitted to equipment or the cabin, affecting equipment accuracy and the driving experience.

[0003] The buffer structure is poorly designed and lacks the ability to absorb impact and residual vibration: Most shock absorber seats have a single-strength spring or rubber block as their buffer structure. When faced with instantaneous impact loads such as sudden braking of a car or going over a bump, it is difficult to quickly disperse the impact force and is prone to excessive deformation. At the same time, it does not completely absorb the residual vibration after the impact, which can easily generate secondary vibration and aggravate the fatigue damage of the components.

[0004] Lack of dynamic adaptive capability and poor adaptability: During vehicle operation, the vehicle load (carrying people / carrying goods) will change dynamically. The elastic stiffness and damping characteristics of existing shock absorber seats are mostly fixed values, which cannot adjust the shock absorption parameters in real time according to the load changes. This results in a significant decrease in shock absorption effect under light or heavy load conditions, making it difficult to adapt to the shock absorption needs of different load scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shock absorber with multiple shock absorption functions, solving the technical problems of existing automotive equipment shock absorber seats having single shock absorption, simple buffer structure, and lack of dynamic adaptive capability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a vibration damping device with multiple vibration damping functions, including a bearing platform and a vibration damping base. A first vibration damping component, a second vibration damping component, and a third vibration damping component are sequentially arranged between the bearing platform and the vibration damping base. The first vibration damping component is an elastic buffer layer used for initial buffering of low-frequency large impacts. The second vibration damping component is a damping energy dissipation layer used for absorbing and dissipating vibration energy. The third vibration damping component is a dynamic adjustment layer used for real-time vibration damping in response to dynamically changing loads and vibration frequencies. The second damping component includes an upper mounting base and a lower mounting base. The upper mounting base is connected to the lower mounting base through a movable frame buffer structure, several evenly distributed damping damping structures, and several evenly distributed guide structures.

[0007] Preferably, the first shock absorption component includes a butterfly spring array. The two ends of the butterfly spring array are connected to the bottom end of the bearing platform and the top end of the upper mounting base through an annular shock absorption pad, respectively. The butterfly springs in the butterfly spring array are installed in a stacked manner. The annular shock absorption pad has several honeycomb-shaped ventilation holes evenly distributed inside.

[0008] Preferably, the movable frame buffer structure includes two symmetrically arranged fixed columns. Both the upper and lower mounting seats are provided with mounting grooves. The two fixed columns are respectively fixed in the mounting grooves of the upper and lower mounting seats. Several movable frame structures are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the fixed columns between the two fixed columns. A middle column is provided in the middle of the two fixed columns. The movable frame structure includes a V-shaped sliding structure. The two sides of the middle column are respectively connected to the two fixed columns through the V-shaped sliding structure. Fixed plates are connected to both ends of the middle column.

[0009] Preferably, the V-shaped sliding structure includes a movable rod one and a movable rod two arranged in a V-shape. One end of the movable rod one and one end of the movable rod two are rotatably connected to the fixed column. The other end of the movable rod one is connected to the intermediate column through a sliding sleeve one, and the other end of the movable rod two is connected to the intermediate column through a sliding sleeve two.

[0010] Preferably, both sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two are fitted onto the intermediate column and slidably connected to the intermediate column. The other end of movable rod one is hinged to sliding sleeve one through a rotating column, and the other end of movable rod two is hinged to sliding sleeve two through a rotating column. A shock-absorbing spring one is provided between sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two of the same group of V-shaped sliding structures on the same side. A shock-absorbing spring two is provided between sliding sleeve one and the fixed plate, between sliding sleeve two and the fixed plate, and between sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two of adjacent groups of V-shaped sliding structures on the same side.

[0011] Preferably, the spring strength of the first damping spring is greater than that of the second damping spring, the first damping spring is a high-strength spring, and the second damping spring is a medium-low strength spring; the two ends of the first damping spring are fixedly connected to the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the guide structure includes a guide sleeve fixed to the fixed plate, one end of the guide sleeve away from the fixed plate being connected to the lower mounting base, and a sliding groove being provided inward at the other end of the guide sleeve away from the lower mounting base. A sliding rod is slidably disposed in the sliding groove, one end of the sliding rod being inserted into the sliding groove and slidably connected to the sliding groove, the depth of the sliding groove having a limiting effect on the sliding of the sliding rod, and the other end of the sliding rod being connected to the upper mounting base.

[0013] Preferably, the damping and shock absorption structure includes a hydraulic damper located between the fixed plates. One end of the hydraulic damper is connected to the upper mounting base through a fixed block, and the other end of the hydraulic damper is connected to the lower shock absorption base through a metal wire mesh shock absorption pad. A shock absorption spring three is sleeved on the hydraulic damper. One end of the shock absorption spring three is connected to the fixed block, and the other end of the shock absorption spring three is connected to the metal wire mesh shock absorption pad.

[0014] Preferably, the third shock absorption component includes an air spring, one end of which is connected to the lower mounting base, and the other end of which is connected to the base.

[0015] Preferably, the air spring is connected to the air tank via an inflation pipe. An electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the inflation pipe, and a pressure sensor is installed at the air chamber interface connecting the air spring and the inflation pipe. The electromagnetic regulating valve is used to inflate and deflate the air spring, dynamically adjusting the air pressure of the air spring to maintain its shock absorption function.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of the shock absorption device with multiple shock absorption functions described in this invention are as follows: 1. More efficient vibration reduction: It adopts a combination architecture of triple series vibration reduction and second multi-structure parallel vibration reduction to cover multi-frequency vibration. Through preliminary buffering, core energy dissipation and precise adaptation and graded action, it improves the vibration reduction effect and at the same time copes with low-frequency large-amplitude road bumps, medium and high-frequency equipment vibration and residual vibration, solving the problem of single vibration reduction level and incomplete coverage of the original solution. 2. Enhanced dynamic adaptability: Relying on the pressure sensor and electromagnetic regulating valve of the third dynamic adjustment layer, it achieves dynamic vehicle load adaptation and automatically adjusts the air spring stiffness to ensure optimal shock absorption under light load, heavy load and complex road conditions, thus solving the defect of poor adaptability of the original solution. 3. Improved structural stability: The addition of a guide structure effectively prevents lateral displacement during vibration reduction; the limit block design restricts excessive deformation; the V-shaped sliding of the movable frame buffer structure, combined with graded strength springs, achieves multi-directional vibration dispersion, ensuring uniform force on each component and reducing component wear. 4. Flexible and convenient installation and adaptation: It adopts a modular hierarchical structure, and each component is fixed through a mature connection method, making assembly simple; the basic size can be adjusted according to different scenarios such as automobiles and industrial equipment, and the load-bearing platform and mounting base are reserved with installation interfaces to adapt to a variety of vibration-damped equipment; 5. Outstanding energy dissipation and anti-resonance effect: The second layer of damping energy dissipation layer effectively consumes vibration energy through the coordinated energy dissipation of hydraulic dampers, metal wire mesh shock-absorbing pads, and graded strength shock-absorbing springs, avoiding resonance and further improving shock absorption stability and comfort.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of a shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of an embodiment of a shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the movable frame structure of an embodiment of a shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular shock-absorbing pad structure of an embodiment of a shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Load-bearing platform; 2. Vibration-damping base; 3. First-level vibration-damping assembly; 301. Annular vibration-damping pad; 302. Butterfly spring array; 4. Second-level vibration-damping assembly; 401. Upper mounting base; 402. Lower mounting base; 403. Fixed column; 404. Mounting groove; 405. Intermediate column; 406. Fixed plate; 407. Movable rod one; 408. Movable rod two; 409. Rotating column; 410. Sliding sleeve one; 411. Sliding sleeve two; 412. Vibration-damping spring one; 413. Vibration-damping spring two; 414. Guide sleeve; 415. Sliding rod; 416. Hydraulic damper; 417. Fixed block; 418. Metal wire mesh vibration-damping pad; 419. Vibration-damping spring three; 5. Third-level vibration-damping assembly; 501. Air spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions, comprising a support platform 1 and a shock-absorbing base 2. A first shock-absorbing component 3, a second shock-absorbing component 4, and a third shock-absorbing component 5 are sequentially arranged between the support platform 1 and the shock-absorbing base 2. The second shock-absorbing component 4 includes an upper mounting base 401 and a lower mounting base 402. The upper mounting base 401 is connected to the lower mounting base 402 through a movable frame buffer structure, several evenly distributed damping shock-absorbing structures, and several evenly distributed guide structures.

[0024] The first-stage damping component 3 is an elastic buffer layer used for initial buffering of low-frequency large impacts. The first-stage damping component 3 includes a butterfly spring array 302, with both ends of the butterfly spring array 302 connected to the bottom end of the support platform 1 and the top end of the upper mounting base 401 via annular damping pads 301, respectively. The butterfly springs in the butterfly spring array 302 are installed in a stacked, overlapping manner, such as... Figure 4As shown, the annular damping pad 301 has a number of honeycomb-shaped ventilation holes evenly distributed inside. In this embodiment, four sets of butterfly spring arrays 302 are provided, located at the four corners of the bearing platform 1. Each set of butterfly spring arrays 302 includes 6 disc springs, and each disc spring is composed of two disc springs with specifications of D=40mm, d=20mm, and h=5mm stacked together. The material is 60Si2Mn high-strength spring steel, which can quickly buffer low-frequency amplitude vibrations of 5-50Hz, and also has excellent reset performance. The annular damping pad 301 is made of high-elasticity nitrile rubber material with a thickness of 20mm, an inner diameter of 220mm, and an outer diameter of 300mm. The honeycomb-shaped ventilation holes evenly distributed inside have a diameter of 5mm and a hole spacing of 10mm, which not only improves the elastic deformation capacity, but also reduces the heat accumulation of rubber after long-term pressure and delays aging. The annular shock absorber 301 is divided into upper and lower groups, which are fixed to the bottom of the bearing platform 1 and the top of the upper mounting base 401 of the second heavy component through vulcanization process to ensure that it does not fall off during vibration transmission.

[0025] The second damping component 4 is a damping energy dissipation layer, used to absorb and dissipate vibration energy. For example... Figure 3As shown, the movable frame buffer structure includes two symmetrically arranged fixed columns 403. Both the upper mounting base 401 and the lower mounting base 402 are provided with mounting grooves 404, and the two fixed columns 403 are respectively fixed within the mounting grooves 404 of the upper mounting base 401 and the lower mounting base 402. Several movable frame structures are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the fixed columns 403 between the two fixed columns 403, and a middle column 405 is provided between the two fixed columns 403. The movable frame structure includes a V-shaped sliding structure. The two sides of the middle column 405 are connected to the two fixed columns 403 through the V-shaped sliding structure, and fixed plates 406 are connected to both ends of the middle column 405. The V-shaped sliding structure includes a first movable rod 407 and a second movable rod 408 arranged in a V-shape. One end of the first movable rod 407 and one end of the second movable rod 408 are rotatably connected to a fixed column 403. The other end of the first movable rod 407 is connected to a central column 405 via a first sliding sleeve 410, and the other end of the second movable rod 408 is connected to the central column 405 via a second sliding sleeve 411. Both the first sliding sleeve 410 and the second sliding sleeve 411 are fitted onto the central column 405 and slidably connected to it. The other end of the first movable rod 407 is hinged to the first sliding sleeve 410 via a rotating column 409, and the other end of the second movable rod 408 is hinged to the second sliding sleeve 411 via a rotating column 409. A shock-absorbing spring 412 is provided between the first sliding sleeve 410 and the second sliding sleeve 411 on the same side of the same V-shaped sliding structure. The two ends of the shock-absorbing spring 412 are fixedly connected to the first sliding sleeve 410 and the second sliding sleeve 411, respectively. A shock-absorbing spring 413 is provided between sliding sleeve 410 and fixed plate 406, between sliding sleeve 411 and fixed plate 406, and between adjacent V-shaped sliding structures on the same side of sliding sleeve 410 and sliding sleeve 411. Upper mounting base 401 and lower mounting base 402 are both made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, and fixed column 403 is made of 45# steel, with both ends locked to upper mounting base 401 and lower mounting base 402 respectively. Movable rod 407 and movable rod 408 are made of 45# steel. Sliding sleeve 410, sliding sleeve 411, and rotating column 409 are all made of tin bronze, and rotating column 409 is an integral structure with sliding sleeve 410 or sliding sleeve 411. The spring strength of damping spring 1 (412) is greater than that of damping spring 2 (413). Damping spring 1 (412) is a high-strength cylindrical helical spring made of 60Si2Mn material, with a wire diameter of 4mm, a mean diameter of 20mm, 8 coils, a free length of 50mm, and an elastic modulus of 2.2GPa. It is used to directly withstand the tensile force of instantaneous opening and closing. Damping spring 2 (413) is a medium-low strength cylindrical helical spring made of 65Mn material, with a wire diameter of 3mm, a mean diameter of 20mm, 10 coils, a free length of 50mm, and an elastic modulus of 1.2GPa. It is used to absorb residual vibration and achieve graded buffering for impact resistance and residual vibration absorption.

[0026] The guiding structure includes a guide sleeve 414 fixed to a fixed plate 406, with one end of the guide sleeve 414 away from the fixed plate 406 connected to a lower mounting base 402. A sliding groove is formed inward at the end of the guide sleeve 414 away from the lower mounting base 402, and a sliding rod 415 is slidably disposed within the sliding groove. One end of the sliding rod 415 is inserted into and slidably connected to the sliding groove. The depth of the sliding groove limits the sliding of the sliding rod 415, and the other end of the sliding rod 415 is connected to an upper mounting base 401. The guide sleeve 414 is made of 45# steel, the sliding groove is 30mm deep, and the sliding groove is coated with a wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The sliding rod 415 is made of 304 stainless steel, with a maximum sliding stroke of 30mm. The depth of the sliding groove precisely limits the sliding of the sliding rod 415, preventing excessive deformation. The guiding structure is used to limit lateral displacement during the damping process, ensuring that each structure moves axially and improving overall stability.

[0027] The damping and shock absorption structure includes a hydraulic damper 416 located between fixed plates 406. One end of the hydraulic damper 416 is connected to the upper mounting base 401 via a fixed block 417, and the other end is connected to the lower shock absorber via a metal wire mesh shock absorber pad 418. A shock absorber spring 419 is fitted onto the hydraulic damper 416. One end of the shock absorber spring 419 is connected to the fixed block 417, and the other end is connected to the metal wire mesh shock absorber pad 418. The hydraulic damper 416 is an adjustable type, filled with high-viscosity anti-wear hydraulic oil. The metal wire mesh shock absorber pad 418 is made of 304 stainless steel wire mesh pressed in 5 layers, with a compressive strength ≥2MPa. The shock absorber spring 419 is a medium-strength spring, made of 60Si2Mn material, with a wire diameter of 5mm, a mean diameter of 30mm, and 6 coils. The damping and shock absorption structure works in conjunction with the movable frame buffer structure to dissipate vibration energy and avoid resonance.

[0028] The third damping component 5 is a dynamic adjustment layer that provides real-time damping for dynamically changing loads and vibration frequencies. The third damping component 5 includes an air spring 501, one end of which is connected to the lower mounting base 402, and the other end to the base. The air spring 501 is connected to an air tank via an inflation pipe, which is equipped with an electromagnetic regulating valve. A pressure sensor is installed at the air chamber interface connecting the air spring 501 and the inflation pipe. The air spring 501 is a diaphragm air spring with a maximum deformation of 40mm. The diaphragm is made of high-strength nylon cord reinforced rubber, exhibiting good toughness and a tear strength ≥15MPa. The pressure sensor is a diffused silicon pressure sensor. The pressure sensor and the electromagnetic regulating valve are electrically connected to the controller using existing structures. The electromagnetic regulating valve is used to inflate and deflate the air spring 501, dynamically adjusting the air pressure to maintain its damping effect.

[0029] The pressure sensor continuously collects the actual pressure data within the air spring 501, converting the analog pressure signal (4-20mA) into a digital signal and transmitting it to the controller via the SPI communication protocol. The acquisition frequency is 100Hz to ensure real-time capture of load changes. After receiving the pressure data, the controller compares the actual pressure with the preset standard pressure value to determine the current vehicle load status (e.g., actual pressure 0.3MPa < standard pressure 0.5MPa-0.05MPa, determined as light load; actual pressure 0.6MPa > standard pressure 0.5MPa+0.05MPa, determined as heavy load). Based on the load condition judgment, the controller issues corresponding control commands: ① Light load adjustment: If the actual pressure is lower than the standard pressure minus the deviation threshold, the controller outputs a PWM signal to open the inflation channel of the electromagnetic regulating valve, and the on-board air tank (pressure ≥ 1.0 MPa) inflates the air spring 501. The inflation flow rate is adjusted by the valve opening (maximum flow rate 0.5 L / s) until the pressure reaches the standard pressure, at which point the controller issues a command to close the inflation channel; ② Heavy load adjustment: If the actual pressure is higher than the standard pressure plus the deviation threshold, the controller controls the opening of the venting channel of the electromagnetic regulating valve, and the gas in the air spring 501 is discharged until the pressure reaches the standard pressure, at which point the venting channel is closed; ③ Stable operating condition: If the actual pressure is within the range of standard pressure ± deviation threshold, the electromagnetic regulating valve remains closed, and the air spring 501 is in a pressure-holding state, maintaining the current stiffness stability. The controller continuously monitors pressure changes. If the pressure deviates from the standard value again due to changes in road conditions (such as sudden braking or going over bumps), the above adjustment process is repeated to achieve dynamic adaptive correction, ensuring that the shock absorber is always in the optimal damping state under all operating conditions of the vehicle.

[0030] The working principle of vibration damping is as follows: The first preliminary buffering stage: When the car encounters road bumps and generates low-frequency large-amplitude vibrations (5-50Hz), the vibration is first transmitted to the bearing platform 1. The upper annular damping pad 301 at the bottom of the bearing platform 1 undergoes elastic deformation, initially absorbing some of the vibration energy. Subsequently, the vibration is transmitted to the butterfly spring array 302. The superimposed butterfly springs quickly undergo elastic deformation, further buffering the impact load and attenuating the vibration amplitude by 40%-50%. At the same time, the honeycomb structure of the annular damping pad 301 can reduce energy loss during vibration transmission and prevent high-frequency vibrations from being directly transmitted to subsequent components.

[0031] The second core energy dissipation stage: The vibration, after initial buffering, is transmitted to the second damping energy dissipation layer, acting on the V-shaped sliding structure of the movable frame buffer structure. Movable rod 1 (407) and movable rod 2 (408) rotate around the fixed column 403, driving sliding sleeve 1 (410) and sliding sleeve 2 (411) to slide along the intermediate column 405. At this time, damping spring 1 (412) (high strength) directly bears the instantaneous impact force of the sliding sleeve, dispersing the impact force through elastic deformation. Damping spring 2 (413) (medium to low strength) simultaneously absorbs the residual vibration generated during the sliding process of the sliding sleeve. The hydraulic damper 416 and the shock absorber spring 419 act as buffers. The piston rod of the hydraulic damper 416 moves with the vibration, and the internal hydraulic oil generates damping force through the throttle orifice, consuming a large amount of vibration energy and avoiding resonance. The metal wire mesh damping pad 418 further consumes the residual vibration energy through its own elastic deformation and friction between the wire meshes, further reducing the vibration amplitude by 30%-35%. The guide structure restricts the lateral displacement of each component throughout the process, ensuring that the vibration is transmitted along the axial direction and improving the damping stability.

[0032] The third precise adaptation stage: The residual vibration after core energy consumption is transmitted to the third adaptive adjustment layer. The air spring 501 further attenuates the vibration through its nonlinear elastic characteristics. At the same time, the pressure sensor collects the pressure data inside the air spring 501 in real time and transmits it to the controller. The controller determines the current vehicle load status (light load / heavy load) based on the preset load-pressure correspondence parameters. If there is a deviation between the actual pressure and the standard pressure, the controller immediately controls the electromagnetic regulating valve to adjust the stiffness of the air spring 501 by inflating or deflating it, so that the air spring 501 is always in the optimal shock absorption state. Ultimately, the overall vibration attenuation rate is increased to more than 85%, ensuring that the vibration amplitude transmitted to the shock absorption base 2 meets the requirements of equipment and driving comfort.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions, comprising a support platform and a shock-absorbing base, characterized in that: Between the load-bearing platform and the shock-absorbing base, there are a first shock-absorbing component, a second shock-absorbing component, and a third shock-absorbing component. The first shock-absorbing component is an elastic buffer layer, which is used to initially buffer low-frequency large impacts. The second shock-absorbing component is a damping energy-dissipating layer, which is used to absorb and dissipate vibration energy. The third shock-absorbing component is a dynamic adjustment layer, which realizes real-time shock absorption for dynamically changing loads and vibration frequencies. The second damping component includes an upper mounting base and a lower mounting base. The upper mounting base is connected to the lower mounting base through a movable frame buffer structure, several evenly distributed damping damping structures, and several evenly distributed guide structures.

2. The shock absorption device with multiple damping functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shock absorption component includes a butterfly spring array. The two ends of the butterfly spring array are connected to the bottom end of the bearing platform and the top end of the upper mounting base through annular shock absorption pads, respectively. The butterfly springs in the butterfly spring array are installed in a stacked manner. The annular shock absorption pads have several honeycomb-shaped ventilation holes evenly distributed inside.

3. The shock absorption device with multiple damping functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable frame buffer structure includes two symmetrically arranged fixed columns. Both the upper and lower mounting seats are provided with mounting grooves. The two fixed columns are fixed in the mounting grooves of the upper and lower mounting seats respectively. Several movable frame structures are evenly distributed along the axis of the fixed columns between the two fixed columns. A middle column is provided in the middle of the two fixed columns. The movable frame structure includes a V-shaped sliding structure. The two sides of the middle column are connected to the two fixed columns through the V-shaped sliding structure. Fixed plates are connected to both ends of the middle column.

4. The shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The V-shaped sliding structure includes movable rod one and movable rod two arranged in a V-shape. One end of movable rod one and one end of movable rod two are rotatably connected to a fixed column. The other end of movable rod one is connected to a middle column through sliding sleeve one, and the other end of movable rod two is connected to the middle column through sliding sleeve two.

5. The shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two are both fitted onto the intermediate column and slidably connected to the intermediate column. The other end of movable rod one is hinged to sliding sleeve one through a rotating column, and the other end of movable rod two is hinged to sliding sleeve two through a rotating column. A shock-absorbing spring one is provided between sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two of the same group of V-shaped sliding structures on the same side. A shock-absorbing spring two is provided between sliding sleeve one and the fixed plate, between sliding sleeve two and the fixed plate, and between sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two of adjacent groups of V-shaped sliding structures on the same side.

6. The shock absorption device with multiple damping functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring strength of damping spring one is greater than that of damping spring two. Damping spring one is a high-strength spring, while damping spring two is a medium-low strength spring. The two ends of damping spring one are fixedly connected to sliding sleeve one and sliding sleeve two, respectively.

7. The shock absorption device with multiple shock absorption functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide structure includes a guide sleeve fixed to a fixed plate. One end of the guide sleeve away from the fixed plate is connected to a lower mounting base. A sliding groove is formed inward at the end of the guide sleeve away from the lower mounting base. A sliding rod is slidably disposed in the sliding groove. One end of the sliding rod is inserted into the sliding groove and slidably connected to the sliding groove. The depth of the sliding groove has a limiting effect on the sliding of the sliding rod. The other end of the sliding rod is connected to an upper mounting base.

8. The shock absorption device with multiple shock absorption functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damping and shock absorption structure includes a hydraulic damper located between fixed plates. One end of the hydraulic damper is connected to the upper mounting base through a fixed block, and the other end of the hydraulic damper is connected to the lower shock absorption base through a metal wire mesh shock absorption pad. A shock absorption spring three is sleeved on the hydraulic damper. One end of the shock absorption spring three is connected to the fixed block, and the other end of the shock absorption spring three is connected to the metal wire mesh shock absorption pad.

9. The shock-absorbing device with multiple damping functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third shock absorption component includes an air spring, one end of which is connected to the lower mounting base, and the other end of which is connected to the base.

10. The shock-absorbing device with multiple shock-absorbing functions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air spring is connected to the air tank through an inflation pipe. An electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the inflation pipe. A pressure sensor is installed at the air chamber interface where the air spring connects to the inflation pipe. The electromagnetic regulating valve is used to inflate and deflate the air spring, dynamically adjusting the air pressure of the air spring to maintain its shock absorption function.

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